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Статті в журналах з теми "Natural wine movement"
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Pavoni, Andrea. "Profanating Gastro-Normativity." Cultural Politics 16, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 367–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/17432197-8593564.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article explores the making and tasting of wine through the anonymous processes of nonhuman consumption that participate in the production of its relational ontology (the terroir) and shape its visceral encounter with the human tongue (taste). First, the author defines a notion of consumption that is neither reduced to the human, the subjective, or the phenomenological nor dematerialized into sociocultural or politico-economic anthropic schemes. Second, he explores wine’s terroir as a prism through which to challenge the two main ideologies that frame the contemporary wine world: a normative territoriality premised on spatio-legal frameworks, and a consumer-oriented marketing approach. Third, the author introduces the natural wine movement, an umbrella term loosely gathering different wine makers who share a common reaction against those ideologies. In the constellation of thinking, making, and tasting that constitute the movement, he finds the lineament of a strategic materialism that aims to make visible and is open toward the agency of the nonhuman matter, and which does so by addressing simultaneously wine’s terroir and taste, by means of profanating their taken-for-granted normativity. The article concludes by suggesting that this strategy may hold promising insights for implementing radical food politics in the age of agro-industrial capitalism.
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Lecasse, Florian, Raphaël Vallon, Frédéric Polak, Clara Cilindre, Bertrand Parvitte, Gérard Liger-Belair, and Virginie Zéninari. "An Infrared Laser Sensor for Monitoring Gas-Phase CO2 in the Headspace of Champagne Glasses under Wine Swirling Conditions." Sensors 22, no. 15 (August 2, 2022): 5764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155764.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In wine tasting, tasters commonly swirl their glasses before inhaling the headspace above the wine. However, the consequences of wine swirling on the chemical gaseous headspace inhaled by tasters are barely known. In champagne or sparkling wine tasting, starting from the pouring step, gas-phase carbon dioxide (CO2) is the main gaseous species that progressively invades the glass headspace. We report the development of a homemade orbital shaker to replicate wine swirling and the upgrade of a diode laser sensor (DLS) dedicated to monitoring gas-phase CO2 in the headspace of champagne glasses under swirling conditions. We conduct a first overview of gas-phase CO2 monitoring in the headspace of a champagne glass, starting from the pouring step and continuing for the next 5 min, with several 5 s swirling steps to replicate the natural orbital movement of champagne tasters. The first results show a sudden drop in the CO2 concentration in the glass headspace, probably triggered by the liquid wave traveling along the glass wall following the action of swirling the glass.
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Carey, Victoria Anne, Dawid Saayman, Eben Archer, Gérard Barbeau, and Mike Wallace. "Viticultural terroirs in Stellenbosch, South Africa. I. The identification of natural terroir units." OENO One 42, no. 4 (December 31, 2008): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2008.42.4.809.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: A natural terroir unit (NTU) can be defined as a unit of land that is characterized by relatively homogenous topography, climate, geological substrate and soil. The mapping of NTUs is the first stage of data acquisition in a terroir study. This study aimed to identify NTUs using a Geographic Information System and to characterize the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District using existing digital information at the scale of a wine producing district.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: The study area is bordered by mountains, situated close to the Atlantic Ocean and bisected by the Eerste river valley, resulting in notable spatial variation of all climatic parameters. The geology is complex due to the high degree of tectonic movement and mixing of parent material. Terrain morphological units, altitude, aspect and soil type were used as primary keys/variables for the identification of NTUs. Each of the identified units was further described with respect to the extent of the expected sea breeze effect and, for certain of the soil types, the associated parent material. A total of 1389 NTUs were identified in the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Many of the natural terroir units identified for the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District are of a size that is not economically or practically viable.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: The natural terroir units should be grouped into larger, more manageable and thus more viable terroir units using data relating their viticultural and oenological potential. This task will be addressed in subsequent companion papers.</p>
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Zarifian, Arman. "Mixture and Transformation in Aristotle’s De generatione et corruptione." Peitho. Examina Antiqua 9, no. 1 (December 13, 2018): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pea.2018.1.4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In his works on natural sciences, primarily in the Physics, Aristotle focuses on different forms of metabolē and distinguishes movement in general from substantial change. The On generation and corruption deals with the latter. When reading this treatise, one should pay particular attention to the concept of mixture. Apart from being the subject of a specific chapter (I 10), the problem of mixture permeates the whole work. But what exactly is mixture? Is it a simple combination of small parts? Can a compound of water and wine be called mixture? If so, is this mixture and nothing more? In the course of the discussion, it is argued that the Aristotelian idea of mixis does not correspond to the concept that is usually associated with it. Rather, it is shown that mixis is fundamental for comprehending the physical world and constitutes not only the term per quem the first elements of all material bodies originate, but also plays a fundamental role in all natural sciences, particularly, in biology.
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VĂRZARU, CRISTI. "DRĂGĂȘANI VINEYARD DISPLAYS FAVORABLE CLIMATE CONDITIONS FOR THE GROWING OF VINE VARIETIES THAT ARE GRAPE-PRODUCING INTENDED FOR FRESH CONSUMPTION." "Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology,Cadastre Series " 51, no. 1 (December 18, 2020): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.52846/aamc.2021.01.23.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the researches made on the climatic offer from the Drăgășani vineyards, analysed during the period 2010 - 2020, I discover that its miraculously shaped by nature terrain, with an infinite variety of shapes, slopes and exhibitions and with a contented dosed scale of altitudes; the most favourable basic climatic features, marked particularly by the absence of any excesses or insufficiencies; its location along the Olt river valley, which ensures an easy, permanent movement of the air, always disposing of a good humidity even in July - August, the warmest months - all these are natural conditions that decided that the most gifted and sweet Romanian and foreign varieties to find in Drăgășani the most favourable environment to fully express the breadth of their skills. This is the place of origin for many local vine varieties, producing grapes for wine or for fresh consumption
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Vukojević, Dajana, Siniša Berjan, Bilal El, and Jana Čarkadžić. "State and perspectives of gastronomic tourism in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Case of Herzegovina region." Turizam 25, no. 4 (2021): 201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/turizam25-29591.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Gastronomic tourism represents an important aspect in the tourism environment and is often a central segment of the tourist experience. The paper aims at analysing gastronomic tourism offer in the Herzegovina region (Bosnia and Herzegovina), taking into consideration its natural and cultural characteristics, and providing recommendations for its improvement. Primary data were collected by face-to-face interviews carried out with rural tourism stakeholders, managers of tourist organizations, owners of catering facilities, winery owners and local food producers as well as a survey with visitors (tourists). Field research was conducted in July 2019 in seven cities and/or municipalities of the Herzegovina region (Mostar, Trebinje, Capljina, Ljubuski, Bileca, Nevesinje and Gacko). The first part of the paper illustrates Herzegovina as a destination rich in natural and cultural attractions with a focus on traditional cuisine. In the second part, based on the research results, the situation is assessed and recommendations for the future development of gastronomic tourism are given in order to improve the existing tourist offer. Many actors in tourism (e.g. hotels, restaurants, local community, etc.) have realized the importance of gastronomy as a catalyst for the movement of tourists and stimulation of local, regional and national economic development. Typical products, such as domestic food and wine, have been given an adequate function to characterize the tourist offer and represent in many cases the main attraction. Herzegovina region is recognizable by its traditional cuisine, which represents an important asset for the future development of gastronomic tourism. Education and raising the awareness of all actors as well as local communities about gastronomic tourism is paramount for the sector development. Local entrepreneurial endeavours can benefit from connection and exchange with partners from Europe to create a recognizable gastronomic destination in the tourism market.
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Howard, Ian S., James N. Ingram, Konrad P. Körding, and Daniel M. Wolpert. "Statistics of Natural Movements Are Reflected in Motor Errors." Journal of Neurophysiology 102, no. 3 (September 2009): 1902–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00013.2009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Humans use their arms to engage in a wide variety of motor tasks during everyday life. However, little is known about the statistics of these natural arm movements. Studies of the sensory system have shown that the statistics of sensory inputs are key to determining sensory processing. We hypothesized that the statistics of natural everyday movements may, in a similar way, influence motor performance as measured in laboratory-based tasks. We developed a portable motion-tracking system that could be worn by subjects as they went about their daily routine outside of a laboratory setting. We found that the well-documented symmetry bias is reflected in the relative incidence of movements made during everyday tasks. Specifically, symmetric and antisymmetric movements are predominant at low frequencies, whereas only symmetric movements are predominant at high frequencies. Moreover, the statistics of natural movements, that is, their relative incidence, correlated with subjects' performance on a laboratory-based phase-tracking task. These results provide a link between natural movement statistics and motor performance and confirm that the symmetry bias documented in laboratory studies is a natural feature of human movement.
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Harel, Roi, Olivier Duriez, Orr Spiegel, Julie Fluhr, Nir Horvitz, Wayne M. Getz, Willem Bouten, François Sarrazin, Ohad Hatzofe, and Ran Nathan. "Decision-making by a soaring bird: time, energy and risk considerations at different spatio-temporal scales." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, no. 1704 (September 26, 2016): 20150397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0397.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Natural selection theory suggests that mobile animals trade off time, energy and risk costs with food, safety and other pay-offs obtained by movement. We examined how birds make movement decisions by integrating aspects of flight biomechanics, movement ecology and behaviour in a hierarchical framework investigating flight track variation across several spatio-temporal scales. Using extensive global positioning system and accelerometer data from Eurasian griffon vultures ( Gyps fulvus ) in Israel and France, we examined soaring–gliding decision-making by comparing inbound versus outbound flights (to or from a central roost, respectively), and these (and other) home-range foraging movements (up to 300 km) versus long-range movements (longer than 300 km). We found that long-range movements and inbound flights have similar features compared with their counterparts: individuals reduced journey time by performing more efficient soaring–gliding flight, reduced energy expenditure by flapping less and were more risk-prone by gliding more steeply between thermals. Age, breeding status, wind conditions and flight altitude (but not sex) affected time and energy prioritization during flights. We therefore suggest that individuals facing time, energy and risk trade-offs during movements make similar decisions across a broad range of ecological contexts and spatial scales, presumably owing to similarity in the uncertainty about movement outcomes. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Moving in a moving medium: new perspectives on flight’.
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Desmurget, M., C. Prablanc, Y. Rossetti, M. Arzi, Y. Paulignan, C. Urquizar, and J. C. Mignot. "Postural and synergic control for three-dimensional movements of reaching and grasping." Journal of Neurophysiology 74, no. 2 (August 1, 1995): 905–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.2.905.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
1. A fundamental question about motor control is related to the nature of the representations used by the nervous system to program the movement. Theoretically, arm displacement can be encoded either in task (extrinsic) or in joint (intrinsic) space. 2. The present study investigated the organization of complex movements consisting of reaching and grasping a cylindrical object presented along different orientations in space. In some trials, object orientation was suddenly modified at movement onset. 3. At a static level, the final limb angles were highly predictable despite the wide range of possible postures allowed by articular redundancy. Moreover, when object orientation was unexpectedly modified at movement onset, the final angular configuration of the limb was identical to that obtained when the object was initially presented along the orientation reached after the perturbation. 4. At a dynamical level, a generalized synergy was observed, and tight correlations were noted between all joint angles implicated in the movement with the exception of elbow flexion. For this joint angle, which did not vary monotonically, strong partial correlations were however observed before and after movement reversal. 5. These results suggest that natural movements are mostly carried out in joint space by postural transitions.
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Çamaş, Nurdan Çağla, and Mediha Burcu Sılaydın Aydın. "Impact of Different Morphological Characteristics of Residential Areas on Wind Movement: Case Study of Karşıyaka (Izmir)." European Journal of Research and Development 2, no. 2 (June 7, 2022): 338–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.56038/ejrnd.v2i2.78.
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Cities are warmer than their surrounding rural areas due to the urban heat island effect. The heat island effect occurs in urbanized areas in which structures such as buildings and roads are highly concentrated and green cover is limited. Extreme heat waves resulting from climate change also cause temperature increases in the urban environment. In addition, the urban heat island effect negatively affects the comfort of individuals living in cities and increases the amount of energy required for cooling, especially in warm climate regions. To reduce both the urban heat island effect and the need for cooling, it is necessary to consider wind movement during the urban planning process. Within this context, it is vital that spatial development decisions allow planned building groups to benefit from natural ventilation opportunities. The morphological features of buildings directly affect the available opportunities to use wind energy for passive cooling in urban areas. Therefore, it is necessary to determine which morphological parameters affect the building-wind relationship. This study presents an analysis of wind simulations made by modeling selected examples of actual residential areas to determine the effects of different morphological features on wind movement. Twelve residential areas located in the Karşıyaka District of İzmir Province were determined for analysis due to their distinct morphological characteristics. The results of the study revealed that the parameters that affect wind movement in urban areas are the array of the buildings, their density, the distances between them, their floor area ratio, and their height. With regard to the provision of wind movement, it was found that the detached housing type is the most advantageous for hot climate zones. In addition, increasing the distances between structures was found to have a positive effect on natural ventilation. However, when viewed at the scale of residential areas, building heights on wind movements in the residential areas depends on the other two parameters. The simulations created for this study show that all morphological features of the building group under analysis affect wind movement, both separately and in combination.
Дисертації з теми "Natural wine movement"
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Chazal, Clémentine. "Du Cap de Bonne Espérance à la Pointe de Grave : une étude du mouvement des vins nature et de ses enjeux politiques. Mobilisations environnementales et transformation de la production vitivinicole." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0155.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Au sein de l'industrie vinicole actuelle, un changement de paradigme est en cours alors que de plus en plus de vignerons remettent en question les pratiques conventionnelles fordistes et les techniques viticoles intensives. Pourtant, cette rupture avec le modèle industriel reste confinée à une cohorte restreinte de producteurs, de vignerons pionniers qui transforment la production de vin en défendant la protection de l'environnement, le soin écologique, la viticulture à petite échelle et le renouveau de l'artisanat. Ces pratiques alternatives se manifestent par l'émergence du mouvement des vins nature, un segment de niche du marché du vin qui a attiré l’attention des professionnels du vin, des médias spécialisés et des critiques internationaux, suscitant des réactions vives de toutes parts. Cette recherche part de l'absence de définition technique du vin nature, l'examinant non pas comme un produit ni une marchandise, mais comme un mouvement social de résistance et une évolution du marché. Cette recherche doctorale repose sur trois hypothèses clés. Premièrement, j'affirme que le mouvement des vins nature agit comme une plateforme de résistance et d'innovations radicales, notamment pour les petits vignerons indépendants qui en faisant émerger un nouveau cadre cognitif créent un précédent au sein d'une industrie hautement normée, réglementée et symboliquement chargée. Deuxièmement, je soutiens que le mouvement des vins nature est apparu dans toutes les régions viticoles, tant dans ce qu'on appelle la « Vieille Europe » que le « Nouveau Monde ». Par conséquent, le mouvement des vins nature peut être considéré comme un réseau transnational avec une identité internationale qui traverse les régions viticoles et une diversité d'ancrages locaux. Troisièmement, je soutiens que le réseau des vins nature permet un projet politique de diffusion de nouveaux savoirs et savoir-faire dans le secteur vinicole, en proposant des voies alternatives de productions et en présentant des techniques innovantes tout le long de la chaine de valeur du vin. Dans cette perspective, le réseau des vins nature se pose en agent de changement progressif mais structurel au sein de l'industrie vinicole. Adoptant une perspective à la croisée entre la sociologie politique et l’économie politique, et utilisant des méthodes qualitatives, y compris des entretiens et des observations, ainsi que l'analyse des réseaux sociaux, cette étude explore l'émergence du mouvement des vins nature dans deux régions viticoles distinguées : la province du Cap-Occidental en Afrique du Sud et la région de Bordeaux en FranceWithin the current wine industry, a paradigm shift is underway as winemakers increasingly question conventional Fordist practices and intensive viticulture techniques. Yet, this departure from the industrial model remains confined to a select cohort of trailblazing winemakers who are reshaping wine production by championing environmental stewardship, ecological care, small-scale viticulture, and renewed craftsmanship. These alternative practices manifest through the emergence of the natural wine movement, a niche segment of the wine market that has attracted tremendous attention from wine professionals, specialised media and critics internationally, provoking some acute reactions from all ends of the wine spectrum. This research departs from the absence of a technical definition for natural wine, examining it not as a product, nor a commodity, but as a social movement. The doctoral study is grounded in three key hypotheses. First, I assert that the natural wine movement acts as a platform for resistance and radical innovations, particularly for small independent winemakers, setting a precedent within an industry that is highly normed, regulated, and symbolically charged. Second, I argue that the Natural Wine Movement has surfaced in all wine regions, both from the so-called Old and New World. Consequently, the natural wine movement can be considered a transnational network with a diversity of local anchors yet supporting an international identity that cuts across wine regions. Third, I contend that the natural wine network allows for a political project of knowledge production throughout the wine sector at large, offering alternative ways of producing and showcasing innovations. In this perspective, the natural wine network becomes an agent for incremental yet structural change within the wine industry. Adopting an approach at the crossroads between political sociology and political economy, and employing qualitative methods, including interviews and observations, and social network analysis, this study delves into the emergence of the natural wine movement in two distinguished wine regions: the Western Cape Province in South Africa and the Bordeaux region in France
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Pitkin, William R. IV. "Wind Energy Opposition in Vermont: Perspectives on the State's Energy Future." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/78.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Due to its high levels of concern and awareness of environmental issues, rural character, and sparse population, Vermont would at first glance appear to possess the ideal recipe to become a national leader in renewable energy development. Renewable initiatives have focused primarily on wind energy, as over a dozen wind farms have been proposed in the last few years across the state. However, in spite of the widely held belief in Vermont’s wind energy future, its proponents have run into vehement opposition at every proposed site, often successfully impeding the planned developments.
This report develops a wide-level framework of the motivations of and complaints presented by wind opposition groups around the state, followed by an analysis of opposition strategies commonly employed. These are contrasted with the tactics used by wind developers and their supporters to remediate or overcome this opposition. Next, this essay will offer a view of the state and local institutional settings in which these battles take place, and finally conclude with a brief analysis of various alternatives to utility-scale wind, offering suggestions for wind’s role in the future of energy in Vermont.
Книги з теми "Natural wine movement"
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Golubev, Vladimir. Fundamentals of eco-sociohumanism. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1856825.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The monograph presents the doctrine of ecosociohumanism from the standpoint of the new natural-humanitarian science of ergodynamics and the science of harmony. Ecosociohumanism acts as a resolution of the "capitalism—socialism" opposition on the basis of their harmonious synthesis. At the same time, the goal of harmonious human development is taken from socialism, and the way of its realization from capitalism is a regulated market. The main components of eco—sociohumanism are: the theory of socio-natural development, trialectics - the doctrine of harmony, the science of man (human studies), the concept of national wealth and quality of life, the theory of the socio-humanitarian state, the ideology of sociohumanism. The essence of the socio-humanitarian transition: from the "consumer society" to the "society of eco-sociohumanism", from the social to the socio-humanitarian state, from the "social man" to the "socio-spiritual man" ("Harmonious Man"). The evolutionary trajectory of the development of "liberalism — integralism — ecosociohumanism" is scientifically substantiated.
The interpretation of national wealth as a potential for the development of society is given. The quality of life index is proposed. Based on the calculation of national wealth and the quality of life index of Russia and the countries of the world, it is shown that the country is experiencing an acute socio—humanitarian crisis - the crisis of a person and a development model. The human crisis is associated with a deepening techno-humanitarian imbalance. The crisis of the social model is caused by the fact that the laws of socio-natural development are ignored in domestic policy. The economy, social policy, culture, geopolitics of a socio-humanitarian state are considered. The scientific foundations of the new peace movement are given. The attitudes of eco-sociohumanism are compared with a number of existing social concepts.
It is popular in nature (without mathematical apparatus, often inaccessible to humanities) and is designed for a wide range of readers.
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Schifano, Norma. Verb Movement in Romance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198804642.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This book provides a detailed account of verb movement across more than twenty standard and non-standard Romance varieties. It examines the position of the verb with respect to a wide selection of hierarchically ordered adverbs, as laid out in Cinque’s (1999) seminal work. The volume uses extensive empirical data to demonstrate that, contrary to traditional assumptions, it is possible to identify at least four distinct macro-typologies in the Romance languages: these macro-typologies stem from a compensatory mechanism between syntax and morphology in licensing the Tense, Aspect, and Mood interpretation of the verb. It adopts a hybrid cartographic / minimalist approach, in which cartography provides the empirical tools of investigation, and minimalist theory provides the technical motivations for the movement phenomena that are observed. It provides a valuable tool for the examination of fundamental morphosyntactic properties from a cross-Romance perspective, and constitutes a useful point of departure for further investigations into the nature and triggers of verb movement cross-linguistically.
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Friesen, Max. Pan-Arctic Population Movements. Edited by Max Friesen and Owen Mason. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199766956.013.40.
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This chapter provides description and interpretation of the two major, well-documented episodes of Arctic-wide migrations. The Paleo-Inuit (also called Paleoeskimo or Arctic Small Tool tradition) migration began around 3,200 B.C., with penetration of the central Arctic by highly mobile, small-scale hunter-gatherer groups. By around 2,500 B.C., the entire eastern Arctic had been peopled by cultures known as Pre-Dorset, Saqqaq, and Independence I. The Thule Inuit migration began around A.D. 1200, when complex maritime-oriented groups from the western Arctic initiated an extremely rapid population movement, spanning the North American Arctic within a generation. The chapter considers the timing and nature of each migration episode, as well as the motivating factors which have been proposed for them, including climate change, social or economic hardship, and acquisition of specific resources such as bowhead whales or metal.
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Bues, Andrea. Social Movements Against Wind Power in Canada and Germany: Energy Policy and Contention. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
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Bues, Andrea. Social Movements Against Wind Power in Canada and Germany: Energy Policy and Contention. Taylor & Francis Group, 2022.
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Bues, Andrea. Social Movements Against Wind Power in Canada and Germany: Energy Policy and Contention. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
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Social Movements Against Wind Power in Canada and Germany: Energy Policy and Contention. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
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Allison, Juliann Emmons. Ecofeminism and Global Environmental Politics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.158.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ecofeminism can be described as both an ecological philosophy and a social movement that draws on environmental studies, critiques of modernity and science, and feminist critical analyses and activism to explicate connections between women and nature, and the implications of these relationships for environmental politics. Feminist writer Françoise d’Eaubonne is widely credited to be the founder of ecofeminism in the early 1970s. Ecofeminists embrace a wide range of views concerning the causal role of Western dualistic thinking, patriarchal structures of power, and capitalism in ecological degradation, and the oppression of women and other subjugated peoples. Collectively, they find value in extending feminist analyses to the simultaneous interrogation of the domination of both nature and women. The history of ecofeminism may be divided into four decade-long periods. Ecofeminism emerged in the early 1970s, coincident with a significant upturn in the contemporary women’s and environmental movements. In the 1980s, ecofeminism entered the academy as ecofeminist activists and scholars focused their attention on the exploitation of natural resources and women, particularly in the developing world. They criticized government and cultural institutions that constrained women’s reproductive and productive roles in society, and argued that environmental protection ultimately depends on increasing women’s socioeconomic and political power. In the current postfeminist and postenvironmentalist world, ecofeminists are less concerned with theoretical labels than with effective women’s activism to achieve ecological sustainability.
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Bebbington, Anthony, Abdul-Gafaru Abdulai, Denise Humphreys Bebbington, Marja Hinfelaar, Cynthia A. Sanborn, Jessica Achberger, Celina Grisi Huber, Verónica Hurtado, Tania Ramírez, and Scott D. Odell. Political Settlements, Natural Resource Extraction, and Inclusion in Bolivia. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820932.003.0003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bolivia’s natural resources have served as a ‘mechanism of trade’ mobilized by competing interest groups to build coalitions, create political pacts, and negotiate political settlements in which dominant actors attempt to win over those resistant to a particular vision of development and/or governance. These pacts and settlements are revisited constantly, reflecting the weak and fragmented power of the central state and of the elite and persistent tensions between national and subnational elites. Ideas about, and modes of, natural resource governance have been central to periods of instability and stability, and to significant periods of political rupture. The period since 2006 has been characterized by a stable settlement involving an alliance between the presidency, his dominant party, and national social movements. This settlement is sustained through bargains with parts of the economic elite and subnational actors with holding power, as well as through ideas of resource nationalism and state-led developmentalism.
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Reynolds, Don R., and Jason W. Chapman. Long-range migration and orientation behavior. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797500.003.0007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The dramatic long-distance flights of butterflies and other large insects, occurring near the ground, have long been regarded as migratory. In contrast, high-altitude wind-borne movements of small insects have often been viewed differently, as uncontrolled or even accidental displacements. This chapter shows how an individual-based behavioral definition provides a unifying framework for these, and other modes of migration in insects and other terrestrial arthropods, and how it can distinguish migration from other types of movement. The chapter highlights some remarkable behavioral phenomena revealed by radar, including sophisticated flight orientations shown by high-flying migrants. Migration behavior is always supported by a suite of morphological, physiological and life-history traits—together forming a ‘migration syndrome’, itself one interacting component of a ‘migration system’. These traits steer the migrants along a ‘population pathway’ through space and time, while natural selection acts contemporaneously, continually modifying behavior and other aspects of the syndrome.
Частини книг з теми "Natural wine movement"
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Llopis, Maria Salgado. "Performing History: Wind Tossed (1936), Natural Movement and the Hyper-Historian." In Transmissions in Dance, 61–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64873-6_4.
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Yang, Ming, and John Reif. "Social DNA Nanorobots." In Natural Computing Series, 371–96. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9891-1_20.
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AbstractWe describe social DNA nanorobots, which are autonomous mobile DNA devices that execute a series of pair-wise interactions between simple individual DNA nanorobots, causing a desired overall outcome behavior for the group of nanorobots which can be relatively complex. We present various designs for social DNA nanorobots that walk over a 2D nanotrack and collectively exhibit various programmed behaviors. These employ only hybridization and strand-displacement reactions, without use of enzymes. The novel behaviors of social DNA nanorobots designed here include: (i) Self-avoiding random walking, where a group of DNA nanorobots randomly walk on a 2D nanotrack and avoid the locations visited by themselves or any other DNA nanorobots. (ii) Flocking, where a group of DNA nanorobots follow the movements of a designated leader DNA nanorobot, and (iii) Voting by assassination, a process where there are originally two unequal size groups of DNA nanorobots; when pairs of DNA nanorobots from distinct groups collide, one or the other will be assassinated (by getting detached from the 2D nanotrack and diffusing into the solution away from the 2D nanotrack); eventually all members of the smaller groups of DNA nanorobots are assassinated with high likelihood. To simulate our social DNA nanorobots, we used a surface-based CRN simulator.
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Milona, Michael. "Philosophy of Hope." In Historical and Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Hope, 99–116. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46489-9_6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The philosophy of hope centers on two interlocking sets of questions. The first concerns the nature of hope. Specific questions here include how to analyze hope, how hope motivates us, and whether there is only one type of hope. The second set concerns the value of hope. Key questions here include whether and when it is good to hope and whether there is a virtue of hope. Philosophers of hope tend to proceed from the first set of questions to the second. This is a natural approach, for one might expect that you must develop a basic understanding of what hope is before you can determine its value. The structure of this chapter thus follows this approach. But readers should not be misled: there is in fact a good deal of feedback between the two sets of questions. A theory of hope is more plausible to the extent that it fits well with plausible ideas about the value of hope. So the movement from hope’s nature to its value is one of emphasis rather than a strict, step-wise process.
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Gottlieb, Alma. "Menstrual Taboos: Moving Beyond the Curse." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies, 143–62. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_14.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Why do so many communities surround menstruation with taboos? And, are all menstrual taboos created equal? Gottlieb opens this chapter with an anthropological approach to the nature of “taboo” itself. From there, the chapter explores the wide variety of ways that the Hebrew Bible in particular, as well as several other religious traditions, have shaped menstrual taboos (including, but going well beyond, the notion of a “curse”). Such taboos have operated in diverse ways and diverse places, hence this chapter also explores how both individual and whole communities may experience them differently, including offering less negative interpretations. As such, the chapter introduces readers to a striking diversity of menstrual experiences. Moreover, people and communities in both the Global North and the Global South increasingly challenge taboos with creative activism. The chapter concludes with a brief survey of what has become a menstrual movement.
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Mwabe, Julie, and Karen Austrian. "The Social, Education, Health, and Economic Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Kenya’s Adolescents." In Global Perspectives of COVID-19 Pandemic on Health, Education, and Role of Media, 393–406. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1106-6_19.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe first case of COVID-19 was detected in Kenya in March 2020. Initial government responses included several containment measures such as school closures, movement limitations, and bans on public gatherings. These measures had many follow-on effects, in particular for the country’s vulnerable adolescents. Between June 2020 and February 2021 two round of quantitative data was collected in four counties in Kenya (Kilifi, Kisumu, Nairobi, and Wajir) via phone surveys (n = 3,921). In addition, qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted in person in November 2020 with adolescents, parents, and other key stakeholders (n = 234). Results showed that the pandemic’s effects on adolescents were wide-reaching and often differed by gender. While 85% of students reported doing some form of remote learning during school closures, 98% of them reported considerable challenges with less than one-third using technology (i.e., computers, phones, television, and radio) to support their learning. Over half of the adolescents reported depressive symptoms and over three-quarters reported skipping meals in the past week due to COVID-19. Twelve percent of girls and 9% of boys reported skipping healthcare services in the past one month, with the most common reason being lack of money to access the needed service. Once school had fully re-opened, 16% of girls and 8% of boys who were enrolled at the start of the pandemic had not re-enrolled. Given the wide, multi-sectoral nature of the impacts of the pandemic, a coordinated response involving education, health, and gender actors, as well as government and non-government partners, will be needed to mitigate the long-term negative impacts for Kenya’s adolescents, in particular girls and other marginalized groups.
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Arbanas, Željko, Josip Peranić, Vedran Jagodnik, Martina Vivoda Prodan, and Nina Čeh. "Remedial Measures Impact on Slope Stability and Landslide Occurrence in Small-Scale Slope Physical Model in 1 g Conditions." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, 197–220. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44296-4_9.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractPhysical modelling of landslides by analysing the behaviour of small-scale landslide models subjected to artificial rainfall can be divided into modelling under 1 g conditions and under increased acceleration (n times gravity) in a centrifuge. Physical modelling of landslide initiation began in 1970s in Japan on scaled natural slope models and after initial experiences with field and laboratory research, the small-scale landslide modelling has found a wide application around the world in different aspects of landslide investigations, analysing different types of landslides, different types of slope materials and landslide movements. The main task of landslide physical modelling is research of initiation, motion and accumulation of fast flow-like slides caused by infiltration of surface water or by shaking on a shaking table. Studies that have included landslide mitigation measures into small-scale physical models are rare and have not established correlations with a behaviour of on-site mitigation constructions. This paper discusses the behaviour of small-scale slope models supported by remedial measures under artificial rain in 1 g loading conditions. Models of slope built of different materials, with and without applied remedial measures (gravity retaining wall, gabion wall, pile wall) were exposed to identical intensities of artificial rainfall. The results of the simulations indicated that the slopes supported by remedial measures retained stability of the slope in the same conditions in which the sandy slope collapsed, as well as under significantly prolonged precipitations. At the end of the simulations, significantly higher rainfall intensities were applied to the supported slopes, exceeding the infiltration capacity of the slope material and affecting surface runout. The combination of surface erosion and saturation of superficial layer of a slope caused initiations of flow processes, while complete saturation of a slope when ground water level reached slope surface caused forming of a surface of rupture and consequently movements of the formed landslide body. The data obtained from the geodetic and geotechnical monitoring system enabled understanding of the overall process of rainfall infiltration and soil strength reduction to the development of the surface of rupture in a slope.
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Huntley, David, Peter Bobrowsky, Roger MacLeod, Drew Rotheram-Clarke, Robert Cocking, Jamel Joseph, Jessica Holmes, et al. "IPL Project 202: Landslide Monitoring Best Practices for Climate-Resilient Railway Transportation Corridors in Southwestern British Columbia, Canada." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 1 Issue 1, 2022, 249–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16898-7_18.
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AbstractThe paper outlines landslide mapping and change-detection monitoring protocols based on the successes of ICL-IPL Project 202 in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. In this region, ice sheets, glaciers, permafrost, rivers and oceans, high relief, and biogeoclimatic characteristics contribute to produce distinctive landslide assemblages. Bedrock and drift-covered slopes along the transportation corridors are prone to mass-wasting when favourable conditions exist. In high-relief mountainous areas, rapidly moving landslides include rock and debris avalanches, rock and debris falls, debris flows and torrents, and lahars. In areas with moderate to low relief, rapid to slow mass movements include rockslides and slumps, debris or earth slides and slumps, and earth flows. Slow-moving landslides include rock glaciers, rock and soil creep, solifluction, and lateral spreads in bedrock and surficial deposits. Research in the Thompson River Valley aims to gain a better understanding of how geological conditions, extreme weather events and climate change influence landslide activity along the national railway corridor. Remote sensing datasets, consolidated in a geographic information system, capture the spatial relationships between landslide distribution and specific terrain features, at-risk infrastructure, and the environmental conditions expected to correlate with landslide incidence and magnitude. Reliable real-time monitoring solutions for critical railway infrastructure (e.g., ballast, tracks, retaining walls, tunnels and bridges) able to withstand the harsh environmental conditions of Canada are highlighted. The provision of fundamental geoscience and baseline geospatial monitoring allows stakeholders to develop robust risk tolerance, remediation, and mitigation strategies to maintain the resilience and accessibility of critical transportation infrastructure, while also protecting the natural environment, community stakeholders, and the Canadian economy. We conclude by proposing a best-practice solution involving three levels of investigation to describe the form and function of the wide range of rapid and slow-moving landslides occurring across Canada, which is also applicable elsewhere.
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Venizelos, Giorgos. "(Anti-)Populism and Post-truth." In Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology, 91–118. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-64178-7_4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract‘Post-truth populism’ has received a prominent role in public and expert discourse over the past decade, gaining a further boost since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conventional narratives reveal three overarching assumptions about this ‘new political phenomenon’: (a) that it opposes truth, facts and evidence; (b) that it is profoundly emotional rather than rational; and (c) that it constitutes a threat to science. However, such a framing of ‘post-truth populism’ oversimplifies its complex and multifaceted nature. This chapter argues that the discursive construction of ‘post-truth populism’ is facilitated by the automatic adoption of an anti-populist perspective as a default point of departure in any discussion about populism. Despite widespread research on populism and post-truth, scholarly attention remains overly focused on the causes, and the consequences this phenomenon has on polity, policy and politics. As such, the role ‘post-truth populism’ plays as a signifier in public discourse is largely unexplored. Adopting a critical ethos, this chapter shifts the focus towards the language games surrounding it. Stressing the pivotal role of dominant socio-epistemic structures in constructing knowledge and truth as objective, it highlights the role political elites, experts and pundits play in post-truth politics. This chapter concludes that more attention and reflexivity is required when talking about ‘post-truth populism’, in that the wide and uncritical use of the term, and its a priori association with fake news, mis-/dis-information, anti-vax movements and the like, has both theoretical and socio-political implications. First, the elitism apparent in dominant discourse fails to capture why expert authorities are faced with backlash while conspiracies become popular—even against scientific evidence. Secondly, reactionary forms of anti-democratic and illiberal politics are disguised under the notion of ‘populist’ that functions as a euphemism.
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"8. The Natural Wine Movement." In Authentic Wine, 141–68. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520949690-009.
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Hutchinson, G. O. "Seneca, Natural Questions." In Motion in Classical Literature, 215–45. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198855620.003.0008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Looking at motion in the NQ’s rather posthuman world, and in its physics, prevents too narrow an emphasis on humans and ethics. Yet entities like wind and sea are personified through movement. Transitive (imposed) and intransitive movement have hierarchical consequences; agency and causation enter. Motion runs through the treatment of people, both metaliterary, for narrator and addressee, and satirical, for the depraved. The work’s precision on motion is shown in its handling of verbs and especially preverbs; Seneca’s vocabulary expands for the NQ. The work does not treat the whole cosmos; it concentrates on things that move, especially in disruptive change. The regular movement of heavenly bodies contrasts; spiritus (wind, air) is quite different. Passages include: throwing stones into water, the possibility of fire falling, the journeying of old Hannibal and old Seneca, the types of earthquake, the madness of sailing to war. In them description of motion is both evocative and argumentative, argument on motion is organized and visionary; levels of motion differ pointedly; types of motion are conveyed with nuance; human motion is reproached through elaborate structures of thought, not just shouting. The NQ do not, like narrative works, present a single world to immerse the reader; argument is to the fore, and rival views are prominent (so Democritus on atoms, Epigenes on comets). Truth is reached through observation and understanding of movement (so on the roundness of drops). Motion is presented both with philosophical penetration and with literary richness.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Natural wine movement"
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Thedin, Regis, Michael Kinzel, and Sven Schmitz. "Simulation of a Helicopter-Ship Dynamic Interface Using Offline Database of Atmospheric Turbulence-Modified Airwake." In Vertical Flight Society 74th Annual Forum & Technology Display, 1–15. The Vertical Flight Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0074-2018-12839.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the present work, the influence of a neutral atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) on a one-way coupled dynamic interface simulation is evaluated. The effort is performed in the context of time-accurate large-eddy simulations of the Simple Frigate Shape 2 (SFS2) geometry, which is immersed in realistic resolved atmospheric turbulence inflow. Several baseline, uniform inflow, cases are used which are based on the traditional approach of modeling the incoming wind as a constant, uniform inflow. In comparison to the baseline, it is observed that the velocities in a ship airwake are considerably different when formed from an ABL. The unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solution is then saved as a database and used as inflow to a flight dynamics component of the framework, characterizing the one-way couple nature. Landing approaches and hover cases are evaluated and it is found that the large scales present in the ABL disturb the helicopter notably. The disturbances result in increased controls input and aircraft movement. Analyzing the increased stick movement in the frequency domain, results suggest that the ABL impacts the 0.1–3 Hz stick controls, which comprise the frequency range known to affect pilot workload. The goal is to perform a first evaluation on what additional effects a resolved ABL exerts on the workload, and what is necessary to be modeled in a high-fidelity pilot-training simulator.
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O’Neil, Gregg, and Alan Samchek. "Satellite-Based Monitoring of Slope Movements on TransCanada’s Pipeline System." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27356.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
TransCanada owns and operates over 38,000 km of pipeline throughout North America, which cross over 3,300 slopes and 1,200 watercourses. Ground movements on slopes at river crossings are an important pipeline hazard across Canada and especially within the Alberta system. These movements have led to several past pipeline ruptures and the development of a relatively extensive slope monitoring program. Historically, ground movement impacts are an industry-wide problem. The results of a 1998 study by the Gas Research Institute reported that external force damage from natural forces, including ground movement, was responsible for approximately 12 percent of all incidents reported on U.S. onshore pipelines between 1985 and 1994. Of all natural force incidents, ground movement accounted for approximately 29 percent of the total, on average. Furthermore, of all fires or explosions resulting from pipeline incidents, ground movements were reported responsible for about 5 percent of the total. In a similar study of Alberta pipeline failures and incidents between 1980 and 1997 (EUB, 1998), ground movement was the cause of 56 ruptures, or 3.5 percent of the total. Until recently, monitoring of the progress of slope movements was reactive and undertaken in a traditional fashion, using primarily slope inclinometers and/or ground surveys. Recently, however, TransCanada has adopted a proactive approach for the management of ground movements. Consistent with the management of other pipeline hazards, such as corrosion, ground movements are cast in a risk-based framework. The application of DInSAR technology, Differential Interferometry applied to satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery, fits well within the proactive approach and has proven successful in measuring ground movements on ROW slopes to sub-centimetre accuracy. In 2000, a Pipeline Research Committee International (PRCI) study was carried out on a TransCanada Right of Way (RoW) that compared conventional slope indicator readings with DInSAR technology and proved the capability of the technology. TransCanada has begun to use DInSAR technology in this program of monitoring Alberta slopes. Typically, TransCanada monitors slope movements at 53 sites with frequency of readings between bi-annually and 4 times per year using conventional methods. Since 2001, 14 slopes on the TransCanada system have been instrumented using DInSAR methods and monitoring of movements using interferometric methods is continuing.
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Kapanadze, Lali. "INEQUALITY AND RIGHT-WING POPULISM." In Proceedings of the XXIII International Scientific and Practical Conference. RS Global Sp. z O.O., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_conf/25112020/7244.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
According to Cambridge dictionary, in 2017 the most popular word was Populism. What is Populism? – Is it achievement of our era, or its roots comes from our remote past? According to scientific research, populism existed in ancient Roman period as an ideological political movement known as the Populist Party. It expressed the interests of ordinary people. Today populism is a natural phenomenon of Democratic political regimes. Populist perception is a special democratic component of political culture, that is realized by the population who are involved in political movements. The amplitude of its usage is so diverse that it’s difficult to find an exact scientific definition. Today populism is a main political phenomenon and is mainly used during pre-election periods, political debates and with the purpose of convincing or manipulating consciousness of society. In addition, political leaders often use aggressive national-populist rhetoric.
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Bing, Zhenshan, Christian Lemke, Zhuangyi Jiang, Kai Huang, and Alois Knoll. "Energy-Efficient Slithering Gait Exploration for a Snake-Like Robot Based on Reinforcement Learning." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/785.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Similar to their counterparts in nature, the flexible bodies of snake-like robots enhance their movement capability and adaptability in diverse environments. However, this flexibility corresponds to a complex control task involving highly redundant degrees of freedom, where traditional model-based methods usually fail to propel the robots energy-efficiently. In this work, we present a novel approach for designing an energy-efficient slithering gait for a snake-like robot using a model-free reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm. Specifically, we present an RL-based controller for generating locomotion gaits at a wide range of velocities, which is trained using the proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithm. Meanwhile, a traditional parameterized gait controller is presented and the parameter sets are optimized using the grid search and Bayesian optimization algorithms for the purposes of reasonable comparisons. Based on the analysis of the simulation results, we demonstrate that this RL-based controller exhibits very natural and adaptive movements, which are also substantially more energy-efficient than the gaits generated by the parameterized controller. Videos are shown at https://videoviewsite.wixsite.com/rlsnake .
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Salguero, Gualberto Chiriboga. "Geotechnical Management in OCP Pipeline." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90154.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Landslides are one of the main threats in maintaining pipeline integrity and depend directly on natural geological and geotechnical conditions. External factors such as weather, rainfall, and others, can trigger land movements and displace the pipeline. The Ecuadorian OCP (Heavy Crude Oil Pipeline) is a buried pipeline going in an East to West direction, crossing 485 kilometers of the Ecuadorian territory. It starts in the Amazon Region (approximately 300 meters above sea level), and then climbs the Andes Mountains (4060 meters above sea level in its tallest portion), to then descend to the shores of the Pacific Ocean. The OCP pipeline crosses many regions with varying climates, varying rainfall patterns, variable morphologies, diversity of soils, and areas affected by tectonic faults, among others. In order to prevent pipeline failures, OCP Ecuador has instituted programs to perform preventive and corrective actions in order to handle the following geological concerns: • Intervention of a specialized geotechnical team to identify and monitor critical points along the pipeline route. This team identifies unstable sites based on the observations of cracks, land movements, or other visual deformations of the pipeline route and its surroundings. • Upkeep of the preventive program. • Execution of third-level studies required to understand specific unstable zones in detail: nature of the subsoil, underground water level, geo-mechanic characteristics, stability factor, and stabilization works. • Geotechnical instrumentation used: inclinometers to search the spread of movement, shifting direction, speed, (landslide location); strain gauges for preventive control of pipeline strain, alert levels, efficiency of stabilization works; and topographic surveys to monitor superficial movements. • Data processing and mapping on GIS Software. • Annual over-flights to detect massive landslides. • Internal inspectors (online-ILI) providing a wide range of information: geometry measurements, curvature monitoring, pipeline displacement, etc. In addition, it allows detection of probable zones depicting soil movement. The purpose of this technical paper is to present the methodology applied by OCP Ecuador to prevent failure of the pipeline along its route.
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Dumitru, Razvan Constantin, and Teodor Grimalschi. "Procesul de antrenament sportiv al gimnastelor de 8-11 ani în baza informațiilor biopsihoelectromagnetice ale organismului." In Congresul Ştiinţific Internaţional "Sport. Olimpism. Sănătate". State University of Physical Education and Sport, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52449/soh22.15.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The sports training activity in artistic gymnastics is characterized by operational information regarding body movements of a technical nature, executed with ease, amplitude, expressiveness, motor coordination, emotional balance, resistance to stress and focused attention. The psychobiological training must induce the psychic component, along with the motor component with which it interconditions. Biopsychoenergy has the ability to increase sensitivity, moral strength, intellectual power, strength, vigor, determination in attitudes, in actions and the ability to act.The body constantly emits and absorbs energy fields, which interact. Sounds, light, electricity, magnetism, electromagnetism, as well as various other types of energy originate from it [9, p. 18]. Because of the strong electromagnetic universe of the aura, we constantly emit electrical energy and absorb magnetic energy [9, p. 34]. According to Guja C. [3], electric charges at rest produce only electric field, their movement with uniform speed produces magnetic field, but the accelerated movement of these charges produces the electromagnetic field. From a biomechanical point of view, artistic gymnastics contains a very wide variety of movements, with the help of which a wide range of connections and combinations can be achieved, the gymnast being forced to master the biopsychomagnetism of the body in unusual conditions, to overcome its internal forces and external ones. The alternation of dynamic and static effort also brings with it a peculiarity of bioelectromagnetic information of the body. The results of the research contained in this article will be useful to gymnastics coaches, and not only, having an important methodological value at the level of knowledge of the style of integral technical-tactical training based on the biopsychoelectromagnetic information of the body of 8-11-year-old gymnasts.
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Bubel, Julian, Christina Rudolph, and Ju¨rgen Grabe. "Stability of Temporary Submarine Slopes." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-50157.
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Shallow foundation structures for offshore wind turbines offer ecological benefits compared to pile foundations as less noise is emitted at sea floor level during construction process. On the other hand, shallow offshore foundations can rarely be placed on top of the sea floor. Weak soils usually need to be excavated to place the foundation structure on more stable ground and thus, anthropogenic submarine slopes result. Steep but stable slopes meet both economic and ecologic aims as they minimise material movement and sediment disturbance. After Terzaghi [1] the angle β between slope and the horizontal of the ground surface of coarse-grained soil is at most equal to the critical state friction angle φc. However, it can be observed that natural submarine slopes of sandy soils are always much more shallow. Particularly fine-grained, cohesionless or almost cohesionless soils failed in the past, although the slope angle was much smaller than the critical state friction angle φc. Artificial (temporary) slopes do not appear and behave as natural submarine slopes, since the latter are already shaped by perpetual loads of waves, tide and mass movements. Physical simulations of different scales are used to analyse the stability of artificial submarine slopes with sandy soil of the North Sea. The study focuses on gravitational forces and impacts from the excavation processes. The simulations and theoretical considerations result in suggested slope angles for future shallow offshore foundations of wind farms in the North Sea.
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Aslandogan, Y. Alp. "PRESENT AND POTENTIAL IMPACT OF THE SPIRITUAL TRADITION OF ISLAM ON CONTEMPORARY MUSLIMS: FROM GHAZALI TO GÜLEN." In Muslim World in Transition: Contributions of the Gülen Movement. Leeds Metropolitan University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55207/mnsp5562.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Western analysts of trends in the contemporary Islamic world often overestimate the impact of contemporary Sufi orders and/or underestimate the impact of the spiritual tradition of Islam. Among the elements of the spiritual tradition conducive to religious pluralism is the ‘mirror’ concept: every human is seen as a mirror of God in three aspects: reflecting the at- tributes and names of God as His work of art, reflection through dependence on God, and reflection through actions God commands or commends. Since only the last aspect is vol- untary, every human, regardless of creed, is a mirror of God in at least the first two aspects. This is a potent argument for peaceful coexistence in religious diversity. The perspective of the spiritual tradition is emphatically inclusive and compassionate and naturally lends itself to non-violence, going beyond mere tolerance to hospitality and friendship. There are impor- tant impediments that prevent this perspective from having a greater impact: (1) the literalist opposition to flexible interpretation of concepts from the Qur’an and the Prophetic tradition, and the wide definition of innovation or heresy (‘bid`a’); (2) deviations of some Sufi orders and subsequent criticisms by orthodox Muslims; and (3) the impact of the politicisation of religion by some groups and political moves by certain Sufi orders. This paper argues that the only approach that has a chance of influencing the majority of contemporary Muslims in positive ways without being open to criticism is the ‘balanced’ spiritual tradition, after the style of the Companions, sometimes called tasawwuf, which strives to harmonise the outer dimensions of Islamic law and worship with the inner dimen- sion of spiritual disciplines firmly rooted in the Qur’an and Prophetic tradition. This paper will present an analysis of this ‘balanced’ spiritual tradition in Islam, from Ghazali, through Rumi, to Gülen.
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Sabeeh Basheer1, Firas, Wedyan Ghalib Nassif, and Hazim H.Hussain Al-Saleem. "A Numerical computation of airflow over Iraq." In The 8th International Conference of Biotechnology, Environment and Engineering Sciences. SRO media, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46617/icbe8005.
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Abstract The best way to understand the general atmosphere system is to collect and analyze data, identify the variables that occur in the upper and lower classes, and compare them with other values in favor of comparing them to other studies and research. Studies have been conducted in this research by analyzing the wind speed and direction and comparing it with the surface roughness to reach a concept by dividing the regions of Iraq on the basis of the surface roughness that affects the wind speed near the surface. The research aims to know the effect of air flow on the nature of the earth's surface and its effect on the different regions in Iraq. The methods used in the study depend on the hourly rates of surface roughness, wind speed and direction taken from the European-Mediterranean Weather Forecast (ECMWF) for a full year 2016 from 34 stations over Iraq. Results obtained from wind speed analysis and trend data. The highest value of wind speed (6.5 m / s) in the less rough areas (0-50 m) is concentrated in the semi-desert in the southern and western regions of the country (Anbar, Najaf and Smawa) and the lowest wind speed (1.8 m / s) for the rough areas (11- 72 m) in the mountainous regions in the northern part of the state. The importance of the results enables us to know the movement of air in this layer in terms of its weakness or strength according to the nature of the surface of the earth, as it has formed (barren lands, bodies of water, mountainous areas), which can be used in future studies to monitor the movement and speed of winds and to determine the natural properties of the air layer in contact with the surface of the earth. This requires knowledge of the impact of temperature, wind speed and direction in dividing the layers of Iraq on the basis of surface roughness.
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Osorio, Henry. "The Influence of Time in the Management of the Weather and External Forces Hazard Regarding Mass Movements." In ASME 2017 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2017-2508.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Weather and External Forces hazard (WEF) is considered in ASME B31.8 as a non-time-dependent hazard due to its random nature and the high uncertainty of the effects on pipelines given the occurrence of natural events, especially associated with hydro and geotechnical processes. Although there is a wide range of events associated with geological, hydrological and hydraulic conditions (among other things) that can affect a certain infrastructure, only a limited number of these geohazards can cause direct damage to hydrocarbon transportation infrastructure. The identification and understanding of a ground failure process and its association with the susceptibility or physical fragility of the pipeline facing the potential adverse effects of a hazard event, allow to estimate the conditional probability of pipeline failure under loading stresses induced by the event and to estimate the actions needed to mitigate this hazard with methodologies ranging from approaches of structured expert knowledge to methods of structured analysis that incorporate incorporating subsurface investigation, detailed study of the results from terrain monitoring, pipeline and triggering agents through mechanical modeling. This document presents a technical proposal for the management of geohazards which, due to the nature and characteristics of the instability processes and its relation with the activity of triggering agents, and the vulnerability of the pipeline, allow them to be analyzed as time dependent.
Звіти організацій з теми "Natural wine movement"
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Blazakis, Jason, and Colin Clarke. From Paramilitaries to Parliamentarians: Disaggregating Radical Right Wing Extremist Movements. RESOLVE Network, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/remve2021.2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The global far right is extremely broad in nature and far from monolithic. While the “far right” is often used as an umbrella term, using the term runs the risk of over-simplifying the differences and linkages between white supremacist, anti-immigration, nativist, and other motivating ideologies. These beliefs and political platforms fall within the far-right rubric, and too often the phrase presents a more unified image of the phenomena than is really the case. In truth, the “far right” and the individual movements that comprise it are fragmented, consisting of a number of groups that lack established leadership and cohesion. Indeed, these movements include chauvinist religious organizations, neo-fascist street gangs, and paramilitary organs of established political parties. Although such movements largely lack the mass appeal of the interwar European radical right-wing extreme, they nevertheless can inspire both premeditated and spontaneous acts of violence against perceived enemies. This report is intended to provide policymakers, practitioners, and the academic community with a roadmap of ongoing shifts in the organizational structures and ideological currents of radical right-wing extremist movements, detailing the difference between distinct, yet often connected and interlaced echelons of the far right. In particular, the report identifies and analyzes various aspects of the broader far right and the assorted grievances it leverages to recruit, which is critical to gaining a more nuanced understanding of the potential future trajectory of these movements.
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Tao, Yang, Amos Mizrach, Victor Alchanatis, Nachshon Shamir, and Tom Porter. Automated imaging broiler chicksexing for gender-specific and efficient production. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7594391.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Extending the previous two years of research results (Mizarch, et al, 2012, Tao, 2011, 2012), the third year’s efforts in both Maryland and Israel were directed towards the engineering of the system. The activities included the robust chick handling and its conveyor system development, optical system improvement, online dynamic motion imaging of chicks, multi-image sequence optimal feather extraction and detection, and pattern recognition. Mechanical System Engineering The third model of the mechanical chick handling system with high-speed imaging system was built as shown in Fig. 1. This system has the improved chick holding cups and motion mechanisms that enable chicks to open wings through the view section. The mechanical system has achieved the speed of 4 chicks per second which exceeds the design specs of 3 chicks per second. In the center of the conveyor, a high-speed camera with UV sensitive optical system, shown in Fig.2, was installed that captures chick images at multiple frames (45 images and system selectable) when the chick passing through the view area. Through intensive discussions and efforts, the PIs of Maryland and ARO have created the protocol of joint hardware and software that uses sequential images of chick in its fall motion to capture opening wings and extract the optimal opening positions. This approached enables the reliable feather feature extraction in dynamic motion and pattern recognition. Improving of Chick Wing Deployment The mechanical system for chick conveying and especially the section that cause chicks to deploy their wings wide open under the fast video camera and the UV light was investigated along the third study year. As a natural behavior, chicks tend to deploy their wings as a mean of balancing their body when a sudden change in the vertical movement was applied. In the latest two years, this was achieved by causing the chicks to move in a free fall, in the earth gravity (g) along short vertical distance. The chicks have always tended to deploy their wing but not always in wide horizontal open situation. Such position is requested in order to get successful image under the video camera. Besides, the cells with checks bumped suddenly at the end of the free falling path. That caused the chicks legs to collapse inside the cells and the image of wing become bluer. For improving the movement and preventing the chick legs from collapsing, a slowing down mechanism was design and tested. This was done by installing of plastic block, that was printed in a predesign variable slope (Fig. 3) at the end of the path of falling cells (Fig.4). The cells are moving down in variable velocity according the block slope and achieve zero velocity at the end of the path. The slop was design in a way that the deacceleration become 0.8g instead the free fall gravity (g) without presence of the block. The tests showed better deployment and wider chick's wing opening as well as better balance along the movement. Design of additional sizes of block slops is under investigation. Slops that create accelerations of 0.7g, 0.9g, and variable accelerations are designed for improving movement path and images.
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Naim, Michael, Andrew Spielman, Shlomo Nir, and Ann Noble. Bitter Taste Transduction: Cellular Pathways, Inhibition and Implications for Human Acceptance of Agricultural Food Products. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7695839.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Historically, the aversive response of humans and other mammals to bitter-taste substances has been useful for survival, since many toxic constituents taste bitter. Today, the range of foods available is more diverse. Many bitter foods are not only safe for consumption but contain bitter constituents that provide nutritional benefits. Despite this, these foods are often eliminated from our current diets because of their unacceptable bitterness. Extensive technology has been developed to remove or mask bitterness in foods, but a lack of understanding of the mechanisms of bitterness perception at the taste receptor level has prevented the development of inhibitors or efficient methods for reducing bitterness. In our original application we proposed to: (a) investigate the time course and effect of selected bitter tastants relevant to agricultural products on the formation of intracellular signal molecules (cAMP, IP3, Ca2+) in intact taste cells, in model cells and in membranes derived therefrom; (b) study the effect of specific bitter taste inhibitors on messenger formation and identify G-proteins that may be involved in tastant-induced bitter sensation; (c) investigate interactions and self-aggregation of bitter tastants within membranes; (d) study human sensory responses over time to these bitter-taste stimuli and inhibitors in order to validate the biochemical data. Quench-flow module (QFM) and fast pipetting system (FPS) allowed us to monitor fast release of the aforementioned signal molecules (cGMP, as a putative initial signal was substituted for Ca2+ ions) - using taste membranes and intact taste cells in a time range below 500 ms (real time of taste sensation) - in response to bitter-taste stimulation. Limonin (citrus) and catechin (wine) were found to reduce cellular cAMP and increase IP3 contents. Naringin (citrus) stimulated an IP3 increase whereas the cheese-derived bitter peptide cyclo(leu-Trp) reduced IP3 but significantly increased cAMP levels. Thus, specific transduction pathways were identified, the results support the notion of multiple transduction pathways for bitter taste and cross-talk between a few of those transduction pathways. Furthermore, amphipathic tastants permeate rapidly (within seconds) into liposomes and taste cells suggesting their availability for direct activation of signal transduction components by means of receptor-independent mechanisms within the time course of taste sensation. The activation of pigment movement and transduction pathways in frog melanophores by these tastants supports such mechanisms. Some bitter tastants, due to their amphipathic properties, permeated (or interacted with) into a bitter tastant inhibitor (specific phospholipid mixture) which apparently forms micelles. Thus, a mechanism via which this bitter taste inhibitor acts is proposed. Human sensory evaluation experiments humans performed according to their 6-n-propyl thiouracil (PROP) status (non-tasters, tasters, super-tasters), indicated differential perception of bitterness threshold and intensity of these bitter compounds by different individuals independent of PROP status. This suggests that natural products containing bitter compounds (e.g., naringin and limonin in citrus), are perceived very differently, and are in line with multiple transduction pathways suggested in the biochemical experiments. This project provides the first comprehensive effort to explore the molecular basis of bitter taste at the taste-cell level induced by economically important and agriculturally relevant food products. The findings, proposing a mechanism for bitter-taste inhibition by a bitter taste inhibitor (made up of food components) pave the way for the development of new, and perhaps more potent bitter-taste inhibitors which may eventually become economically relevant.
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Edstrom, Jerker, Ayesha Khan, Alan Greig, and Chloe Skinner. Grasping Patriarchal Backlash: A Brief for Smarter Countermoves. Institute of Development Studies, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/backlash.2023.002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nearly three decades ago the UN World Conference on Women at Beijing appeared to be uniting the international community around the most progressive platform for women’s rights in history. Instead of steady advancement, we have seen uneven progress, backsliding, co-option, and a recent rising tide of patriarchal backlash. The global phenomenon of ‘backlash’ is characterised by resurgent misogyny, homo/transphobia, and attacks on sexual and reproductive rights. It is articulated through new forms of patriarchal politics associated with racialised hyper-nationalist agendas, traditionalism, authoritarianism, and alterations to civic space that have become all too familiar both in the global North and South. A wide range of actors and articulations are involved and influenced by underlying drivers and dynamics. A clearer view of the patriarchal nature of current backlash is a prerequisite for building a cohesive movement to counter it, strategically engaging researchers, activists, policymakers and donors in development.
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Bray, Jonathan, Ross Boulanger, Misko Cubrinovski, Kohji Tokimatsu, Steven Kramer, Thomas O'Rourke, Ellen Rathje, Russell Green, Peter Robertson, and Christine Beyzaei. U.S.—New Zealand— Japan International Workshop, Liquefaction-Induced Ground Movement Effects, University of California, Berkeley, California, 2-4 November 2016. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, March 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/gzzx9906.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There is much to learn from the recent New Zealand and Japan earthquakes. These earthquakes produced differing levels of liquefaction-induced ground movements that damaged buildings, bridges, and buried utilities. Along with the often spectacular observations of infrastructure damage, there were many cases where well-built facilities located in areas of liquefaction-induced ground failure were not damaged. Researchers are working on characterizing and learning from these observations of both poor and good performance. The “Liquefaction-Induced Ground Movements Effects” workshop provided an opportunity to take advantage of recent research investments following these earthquake events to develop a path forward for an integrated understanding of how infrastructure performs with various levels of liquefaction. Fifty-five researchers in the field, two-thirds from the U.S. and one-third from New Zealand and Japan, convened in Berkeley, California, in November 2016. The objective of the workshop was to identify research thrusts offering the greatest potential for advancing our capabilities for understanding, evaluating, and mitigating the effects of liquefaction-induced ground movements on structures and lifelines. The workshop also advanced the development of younger researchers by identifying promising research opportunities and approaches, and promoting future collaborations among participants. During the workshop, participants identified five cross-cutting research priorities that need to be addressed to advance our scientific understanding of and engineering procedures for soil liquefaction effects during earthquakes. Accordingly, this report was organized to address five research themes: (1) case history data; (2) integrated site characterization; (3) numerical analysis; (4) challenging soils; and (5) effects and mitigation of liquefaction in the built environment and communities. These research themes provide an integrated approach toward transformative advances in addressing liquefaction hazards worldwide. The archival documentation of liquefaction case history datasets in electronic data repositories for use by the broader research community is critical to accelerating advances in liquefaction research. Many of the available liquefaction case history datasets are not fully documented, published, or shared. Developing and sharing well-documented liquefaction datasets reflect significant research efforts. Therefore, datasets should be published with a permanent DOI, with appropriate citation language for proper acknowledgment in publications that use the data. Integrated site characterization procedures that incorporate qualitative geologic information about the soil deposits at a site and the quantitative information from in situ and laboratory engineering tests of these soils are essential for quantifying and minimizing the uncertainties associated site characterization. Such information is vitally important to help identify potential failure modes and guide in situ testing. At the site scale, one potential way to do this is to use proxies for depositional environments. At the fabric and microstructure scale, the use of multiple in situ tests that induce different levels of strain should be used to characterize soil properties. The development of new in situ testing tools and methods that are more sensitive to soil fabric and microstructure should be continued. The development of robust, validated analytical procedures for evaluating the effects of liquefaction on civil infrastructure persists as a critical research topic. Robust validated analytical procedures would translate into more reliable evaluations of critical civil infrastructure iv performance, support the development of mechanics-based, practice-oriented engineering models, help eliminate suspected biases in our current engineering practices, and facilitate greater integration with structural, hydraulic, and wind engineering analysis capabilities for addressing multi-hazard problems. Effective collaboration across countries and disciplines is essential for developing analytical procedures that are robust across the full spectrum of geologic, infrastructure, and natural hazard loading conditions encountered in practice There are soils that are challenging to characterize, to model, and to evaluate, because their responses differ significantly from those of clean sands: they cannot be sampled and tested effectively using existing procedures, their properties cannot be estimated confidently using existing in situ testing methods, or constitutive models to describe their responses have not yet been developed or validated. Challenging soils include but are not limited to: interbedded soil deposits, intermediate (silty) soils, mine tailings, gravelly soils, crushable soils, aged soils, and cemented soils. New field and laboratory test procedures are required to characterize the responses of these materials to earthquake loadings, physical experiments are required to explore mechanisms, and new soil constitutive models tailored to describe the behavior of such soils are required. Well-documented case histories involving challenging soils where both the poor and good performance of engineered systems are documented are also of high priority. Characterizing and mitigating the effects of liquefaction on the built environment requires understanding its components and interactions as a system, including residential housing, commercial and industrial buildings, public buildings and facilities, and spatially distributed infrastructure, such as electric power, gas and liquid fuel, telecommunication, transportation, water supply, wastewater conveyance/treatment, and flood protection systems. Research to improve the characterization and mitigation of liquefaction effects on the built environment is essential for achieving resiliency. For example, the complex mechanisms of ground deformation caused by liquefaction and building response need to be clarified and the potential bias and dispersion in practice-oriented procedures for quantifying building response to liquefaction need to be quantified. Component-focused and system-performance research on lifeline response to liquefaction is required. Research on component behavior can be advanced by numerical simulations in combination with centrifuge and large-scale soil–structure interaction testing. System response requires advanced network analysis that accounts for the propagation of uncertainty in assessing the effects of liquefaction on large, geographically distributed systems. Lastly, research on liquefaction mitigation strategies, including aspects of ground improvement, structural modification, system health monitoring, and rapid recovery planning, is needed to identify the most effective, cost-efficient, and sustainable measures to improve the response and resiliency of the built environment.
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Underwood, H., Madison Hand, Donald Leopold, Madison Hand, Donald Leopold, and H. Underwood. Abundance and distribution of white-tailed deer on First State National Historical Park and surrounding lands. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2305428.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We estimated both abundance and distribution of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) on the Brandywine Valley unit of First State National Historical Park (FRST) and the Brandywine Creek State Park (BCSP) during 2020 and 2021 with two widely used field methods ? a road-based count and a network of camera traps. We conducted 24 road-based counts, covering 260 km of roadway, and deployed up to 16 camera traps, processing over 82,000 images representing over 5,000 independent observations. In both years, we identified bucks based on their body and antler characteristics, tracking their movements between baited camera trap locations. We tested seven estimators commonly reported in the literature, comparing the relative merits for managers of small, protected natural areas like FRST. Deer densities estimated from conventional road-based distance sampling were approximately 10 deer/km2 lower than densities estimated from camera-trapping surveys. We attribute the bias in road-based distance sampling to the difficulty of recording the precise effort expended to obtain the counts. Modifying the distance sampling method addressed many of the issues associated with the conventional approach. Despite little substantive differences in land cover types between the two methods, a clear spatial segregation of male and female deer at camera trap locations could bias road-based counts if the sexes are not encountered in proportion to their abundances. There was a distinct gradient in deer distribution across the study area, with higher proportions of deer recorded in camera traps at FRST than BCSP, which harvests 20?60 deer annually during a regulated, hunting season. The most reliable (i.e., low bias, acceptable precision) methods, Spatial Capture Recapture (SCR) and Density Surface Modeling (DSM), produced deer densities of approximately 50 deer/km2 in each year ? a number which is consistent with previous estimates for New Castle County, Delaware, and our experience in similar, unhunted natural areas. Across both FRST and BCSP, these densities translated into area-wide (~1000 ha) population sizes between 650?1000 deer, with about one-half to two-thirds comprising the FRST population. Density surface modeling of mapped locations of deer detected during surveys, combined with camera-trapping and a time-to-event data analysis might be the only practical means of reliably assessing white-tailed deer abundance in small (<2000 ha), protected natural areas like FRST. Most other approaches are either too time-consuming, require identification and tracking of individual deer, the use of bait, or require intervention by a subject-area expert.
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Bercovier, Herve, and Ronald P. Hedrick. Diagnostic, eco-epidemiology and control of KHV, a new viral pathogen of koi and common carp. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7695593.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Original objectives and revisions-The proposed research included these original objectives: field validation of diagnostic tests (PCR), the development and evaluation of new sensitive tools (LC-PCR/TaqManPCR, antibody detection by ELISA) including their use to study the ecology and the epidemiology of KHV (virus distribution in the environment and native cyprinids) and the carrier status of fish exposed experimentally or naturally to KHV (sites of virus replication and potential persistence or latency). In the course of the study we completed the genome sequence of KHV and developed a DNA array to study the expression of KHV genes in different conditions. Background to the topics-Mass mortality of koi or common carp has been observed in Israel, USA, Europe and Asia. These outbreaks have reduced exports of koi from Israel and have created fear about production, import, and movements of koi and have raised concerns about potential impacts on native cyprinid populations in the U.S.A. Major conclusions-A suite of new diagnostic tools was developed that included 3 PCR assays for detection of KHV DNA in cell culture and fish tissues and an ELISA assay capable of detecting anti-KHV antibodies in the serum of koi and common carp. The TKPCR assay developed during the grant has become an internationally accepted gold standard for detection of viral DNA. Additionally, the ELISA developed for detecting serum anti-KHV antibodies is now in wide use as a major nonlethal screening tool for evaluating virus status of koi and common carp populations. Real time PCR assays have been able to detect viral DNA in the internal organs of survivors of natural and wild type vaccine exposures at 1 and 10³ genome equivalents at 7 months after exposure. In addition, vaccinated fish were able to transmit the virus to naive fish. Potential control utilizing hybrids of goldfish and common carp for production demonstrated they were considerably more resistant than pure common carp or koi to both KHV (CyHV-3). There was no evidence that goldfish or other tested endemic cyprinids species were susceptible to KHV. The complete genomic sequencing of 3 strains from Japan, the USA, and Israel revealed a 295 kbp genome containing a 22 kbp terminal direct repeat encoding clear gene homologs to other fish herpesviruses in the family Herpesviridae. The genome encodes156 unique protein-coding genes, eight of which are duplicated in the terminal repeat. Four to seven genes are fragmented and the loss of these genes may be associated with the high virulence of the virus. Viral gene expression was studies by a newly developed chip which has allowed verification of transcription of most all hypothetical genes (ORFs) as well as their kinetics. Implications, both scientific and agricultural- The results from this study have immediate application for the control and management of KHV. The proposal provides elements key to disease management with improved diagnostic tools. Studies on the ecology of the virus also provide insights into management of the virus at the farms that farmers will be able to apply immediately to reduce risks of infections. Lastly, critical issues that surround present procedures used to create “resistant fish” must be be resolved (e.g. carriers, risks, etc.). Currently stamping out may be effective in eradicating the disease. The emerging disease caused by KHV continues to spread. With the economic importance of koi and carp and the vast international movements of koi for the hobby, this disease has the potential for even further spread. The results from our studies form a critical component of a comprehensive program to curtail this emerging pathogen at the local, regional and international levels.
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Hunter, Fraser, and Martin Carruthers. Scotland: The Roman Presence. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings: Scotland in the Roman world: Research into Roman Scotland requires an appreciation of the wider frontier and Empire-wide perspectives, and Scottish projects must be integrated into these wider, international debates. The rich data set and chronological control that Scotland has to offer can be used to inform broader understandings of the impact of Rome. Changing worlds: Roman Scotland’s rich data set should be employed to contribute to wider theoretical perspectives on topics such as identity and ethnicity, and how these changed over time. What was the experience of daily life for the various peoples in Roman Scotland and how did interactions between incomers and local communities develop and change over the period in question, and, indeed, at and after its end? Frontier Life: Questions still remain regarding the disposition and chronology of forts and forces, as well as the logistics of sustaining and supplying an army of conquest and occupation. Sites must be viewed as part of a wider, interlocking set of landscapes, and the study of movement over land and by sea incorporated within this. The Antonine Wall provides a continuing focus of research which would benefit from more comparison with frontier structures and regimes in other areas. Multiple landscapes: Roman sites need to be seen in a broader landscape context, ‘looking beyond the fort’ and explored as nested and interlocking landscapes. This will allow exploration of frontier life and the changing worlds of the Roman period. To do justice to this resource requires two elements: o Development-control archaeology should look as standard at the hinterland of forts (up to c.1 km from the ‘core’), as sensitive areas and worthy of evaluation; examples such as Inveresk show the density of activity around such nodes. The interiors of camps should be extensively excavated as standard. o Integrated approaches to military landscapes are required, bringing in where appropriate topographical and aerial survey, LIDAR, geophysics, the use of stray and metal-detected finds, as well as fieldwalking and ultimately, excavation. The Legacy of Rome: How did the longer term influence of the Romans, and their legacy, influence the formation, nature and organisation of the Pictish and other emergent kingdoms?
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Huntley, D., D. Rotheram-Clarke, R. Cocking, J. Joseph, and P. Bobrowsky. Current research on slow-moving landslides in the Thompson River valley, British Columbia (IMOU 5170 annual report). Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331175.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Interdepartmental Memorandum of Understanding (IMOU) 5170 between Natural Resources Canada (NRCAN), the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) and Transport Canada Innovation Centre (TC-IC) aims to gain new insight into slow-moving landslides, and the influence of climate change, through testing conventional and emerging monitoring technologies. IMOU 5107 focuses on strategically important sections of the national railway network in the Thompson River valley, British Columbia (BC), and the Assiniboine River valley along the borders of Manitoba (MN) and Saskatchewan (SK). Results of this research are applicable elsewhere in Canada (e.g., the urban-rural-industrial landscapes of the Okanagan Valley, BC), and around the world where slow-moving landslides and climate change are adversely affecting critical socio-economic infrastructure. Open File 8931 outlines landslide mapping and changedetection monitoring protocols based on the successes of IMOU 5170 and ICL-IPL Project 202 in BC. In this region, ice sheets, glaciers, permafrost, rivers and oceans, high relief, and biogeoclimatic characteristics contribute to produce distinctive rapid and slow-moving landslide assemblages that have the potential to impact railway infrastructure and operations. Bedrock and drift-covered slopes along the transportation corridors are prone to mass wasting when favourable conditions exist. In high-relief mountainous areas, rapidly moving landslides include rock and debris avalanches, rock and debris falls, debris flows and torrents, and lahars. In areas with moderate to low relief, rapid to slow mass movements include rockslides and slumps, debris or earth slides and slumps, and earth flows. Slow-moving landslides include rock glaciers, rock and soil creep, solifluction, and lateral spreads in bedrock and surficial deposits. Research efforts lead to a better understanding of how geological conditions, extreme weather events and climate change influence landslide activity along the national railway corridor. Combining field-based landslide investigation with multi-year geospatial and in-situ time-series monitoring leads to a more resilient railway national transportation network able to meet Canada's future socioeconomic needs, while ensuring protection of the environment and resource-based communities from landslides related to extreme weather events and climate change. InSAR only measures displacement in the east-west orientation, whereas UAV and RTK-GNSS change-detection surveys capture full displacement vectors. RTK-GNSS do not provide spatial coverage, whereas InSAR and UAV surveys do. In addition, InSAR and UAV photogrammetry cannot map underwater, whereas boat-mounted bathymetric surveys reveal information on channel morphology and riverbed composition. Remote sensing datasets, consolidated in a geographic information system, capture the spatial relationships between landslide distribution and specific terrain features, at-risk infrastructure, and the environmental conditions expected to correlate with landslide incidence and magnitude. Reliable real-time monitoring solutions for critical railway infrastructure (e.g., ballast, tracks, retaining walls, tunnels, and bridges) able to withstand the harsh environmental conditions of Canada are highlighted. The provision of fundamental geoscience and baseline geospatial monitoring allows stakeholders to develop robust risk tolerance, remediation, and mitigation strategies to maintain the resilience and accessibility of critical transportation infrastructure, while also protecting the natural environment, community stakeholders, and Canadian economy. We propose a best-practice solution involving three levels of investigation to describe the form and function of the wide range of rapid and slow-moving landslides occurring across Canada that is also applicable elsewhere. Research activities for 2022 to 2025 are presented by way of conclusion.
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Russo, David, and William A. Jury. Characterization of Preferential Flow in Spatially Variable Unsaturated Field Soils. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7580681.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Preferential flow appears to be the rule rather than the exception in field soils and should be considered in the quantitative description of solute transport in the unsaturated zone of heterogeneous formations on the field scale. This study focused on both experimental monitoring and computer simulations to identify important features of preferential flow in the natural environment. The specific objectives of this research were: (1) To conduct dye tracing and multiple tracer experiments on undisturbed field plots to reveal information about the flow velocity, spatial prevalence, and time evolution of a preferential flow event; (2) To conduct numerical experiments to determine (i) whether preferential flow observations are consistent with the Richards flow equation; and (ii) whether volume averaging over a domain experiencing preferential flow is possible; (3) To develop a stochastic or a transfer function model that incorporates preferential flow. Regarding our field work, we succeeded to develop a new method for detecting flow patterns faithfully representing the movement of water flow paths in structured and non-structured soils. The method which is based on application of ammonium carbonate was tested in a laboratory study. Its use to detect preferential flow was also illustrated in a field experiment. It was shown that ammonium carbonate is a more conservative tracer of the water front than the popular Brilliant Blue. In our detailed field experiments we also succeeded to document the occurrence of preferential flow during soil water redistribution following the cessation of precipitation in several structureless field soils. Symptoms of the unstable flow observed included vertical fingers 20 - 60 cm wide, isolated patches, and highly concentrated areas of the tracers in the transmission zone. Soil moisture and tracer measurements revealed that the redistribution flow became fingered following a reversal of matric potential gradient within the wetted area. Regarding our simulation work, we succeeded to develop, implement and test a finite- difference, numerical scheme for solving the equations governing flow and transport in three-dimensional, heterogeneous, bimodal, flow domains with highly contrasting soil materials. Results of our simulations demonstrated that under steady-state flow conditions, the embedded clay lenses (with very low conductivity) in bimodal formations may induce preferential flow, and, consequently, may enhance considerably both the solute spreading and the skewing of the solute breakthrough curves. On the other hand, under transient flow conditions associated with substantial redistribution periods with diminishing water saturation, the effect of the embedded clay lenses on the flow and the transport might diminish substantially. Regarding our stochastic modeling effort, we succeeded to develop a theoretical framework for flow and transport in bimodal, heterogeneous, unsaturated formations, based on a stochastic continuum presentation of the flow and a general Lagrangian description of the transport. Results of our analysis show that, generally, a bimodal distribution of the formation properties, characterized by a relatively complex spatial correlation structure, contributes to the variability in water velocity and, consequently, may considerably enhance solute spreading. This applies especially in formations in which: (i) the correlation length scales and the variances of the soil properties associated with the embedded soil are much larger than those of the background soil; (ii) the contrast between mean properties of the two subdomains is large; (iii) mean water saturation is relatively small; and (iv) the volume fraction of the flow domain occupied by the embedded soil is relatively large.