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Статті в журналах з теми "National characteristics, French, in textbooks"
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Krasnokutskaya, Nadezhda V. "Implementing the principle of considering native language in Russian language textbooks for foreigners." Russian Language Studies 18, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 342–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-8163-2020-18-3-342-358.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Modern educational trends, including individualization of learning, shifting the focus from the teacher to the student, taking into account the characteristics of the student's personality, including his native language and culture, arouse interest to national-oriented methodology. The objective of this article is to determine the relevance and prospects of this methodological direction in modern teaching of Russian as a foreign language. To realize the objective set out in the article, we used methods of analyzing scientific literature, scientific observation and synthesis of pedagogical experience, conversations with students and teachers. The article is based on scientific research on the methodology of teaching foreign languages, including Russian as a foreign language, textbooks and manuals, both national-oriented and of general type. The article considers the traditions of applying students native language in teaching Russian as a foreign language. We clarify the concepts of native language accounting and reliance on native language, consider the historical formation of the mentioned principle as one of the leading methodological principles, analyze its implementation in textbooks on Russian as a foreign language. The most attention is paid to the analysis of national-oriented manuals. As an example, the textbook Le russe votre rythme. Cours pratique pour francophones by S.A. Khavronina, A.I. Chirotchenskaa, and L. Bron-Tchitchagova is considered. The peculiarities of its orientation to French-speaking audience, ways and means of preventing interlanguage interference and achieving a positive transfer of skills from the native language to the studied one are noted. The prospects for creating such textbooks based on previous experience and methodological traditions are outlined. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the analysis of the results of the national-oriented methodology out of a specific educational situation, limited by certain learning conditions. The theoretical significance of the work consists in generalization and analysis of the accumulated methodological experience in this area. The practical significance is determined by the systematization of methods used in a national-oriented textbook for implementing the principle of native language accounting and identifying the prospects for developing new educational materials of this type.
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Zdanovskaya, Lidia B. "REPRESENTATION OF CONCEPTUAL OPPOSITION IN A PERSONALIZED MODEL OF LANGUAGE PERSONALITY (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE CREATION ‒ DESTRUCTION DICHOTOMY)." Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem 15, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 219–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2023-15-2-219-234.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background. The tendency of global aggravation of the confrontation of ideologies as a fundamental characteristic of the current political reality is due to the desire to consolidate the ethno-cultural priorities of the nation to preserve and assert the status of national identity correlated with the category of “linguistic personality”.
Purpose. The article is devoted to the study of the implementation of the opposition of the notion “linguistic personality” in the American linguistic culture.
Materials and methods. The material for this article was the treatises of the classics of German and French philosophy, the works of Russian representatives of the scientific schools of linguoculturology, cognitive linguistics, devoted to the theoretical issues of the semantics and pragmatics of linguistic communication, conceptual opposition, as well as the book of the American journalist B. Woodward Fear: Trump in the White House. When writing the article, the following methods were used: comparative, discursive, contextual analyses.
Results. In the course of the study the functioning of the mechanisms for the implementation of the opposition of linguistic consciousness was analyzed. The descriptive characteristics of the concept “linguistic consciousness” are presented. Various approaches to the description of the key normative characteristics of a linguistic personality are systematized. As a part of the personified model the structural organization of a linguistic personality is described based on the dichotomy “Creation ‒ Destruction”.
Practical implications. The results of the study can find practical application in the preparation of teaching aids and textbooks on the linguo-cognituve analysis of concepts based on dichotomous models.
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Westbrook, John. "Learning to Eat French." Romanic Review 112, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 336–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00358118-9091165.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Ferguson’s Accounting for Taste reveals a gap in our understanding: How did French culinary discourse move beyond the bourgeois sphere in which it emerged in the nineteenth century? Picking up on her comparison of the Proustian synthesis of regional and national culinary culture in the Recherche to the project of national identity creation in the Third Republic’s best-selling textbook, Le Tour de la France par deux enfants, this essay argues that the culinary model Ferguson describes was in fact widely disseminated through mass primary education under the Third Republic. Examining an overlooked corpus of primary school readers and textbooks, I show that food and cooking provided object lessons imparting practical and scientific knowledge to enlighten the masses, and textbooks canonized regional specialties as part of a new national geographic consciousness. At the same time, I underscore the limits of this consensual image of a national culinary culture, which collided with the class habits and horizons of the urban and rural masses attending l’école républicaine.
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Sakki, Inari. "Raising European citizens: Constructing European identities in French and English textbooks." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 4, no. 1 (June 29, 2016): 444–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v4i1.350.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Schools play a pivotal role in the formation of identities and in the political socialization of youth. This study explores the social representations of European integration in French and English school textbooks and shows how the social representations are discursively used to construct national and European identities. By analysing the history and civics textbooks of major educational publishers, this study aims to demonstrate how European integration is understood, made familiar and concretized in the school textbooks of the two influential but different European countries. The findings suggest some shared and some diverse patterns in the way the two European countries portray and construct the political project of European integration. These representations, constructed around French Europe in French textbooks and ambivalent Europe in English textbooks, share the images of a strong European economy and a French-led political Europe. However, they position themselves differently with respect to the United States, motivation for the European unification process and the significance of common values and heritage. In both countries textbooks draw upon memories that are important for group identity. While the French textbooks make European integration meaningful in reference to a shared post-war collective memory and to a cultural memory based on a more ancient idea of Europe, shared values and heritage, the English textbooks anchor it more strongly to domestic policy.
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Lehmann, Jörg. "Civilization versus Barbarism." Journal of Educational Media, Memory, and Society 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jemms.2015.070103.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In French history textbooks published after France's defeat in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 to 1871, the presentation of the war and its outcome frequently include the myth of France's revanche and depictions of the Prussian enemy as barbarians. Other textbooks presented a narrative of progress in which the French Third Republic is shown as the endpoint of a process of advancing civilization. While the idea of a French revanche can be regarded as a founding myth of the Third Republic, the narrative of progress can be seen as an echo of this myth, cleansed of the concept of the enemy as barbarian, which constitutes a national master narrative.
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Radtka, Catherine. "How Place and Audience Matter: Perspectives on Mathematics Plural Identities from Late 1950s French and English Middle School Textbooks." Science in Context 29, no. 4 (December 2016): 473–521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889716000211.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ArgumentIn this paper, I argue that studying school textbooks is a fruitful way to investigate mathematical conceptions in different national contexts. These sources give access to the written production of an extended mathematical milieu whose members write for various audiences. By studying the case of late 1950s French and English textbooks issued for a growing audience of 11- to 15-year-old pupils, I show that a plurality of conceptions was projected at the time onto pupils and their teachers in both national contexts. I link this diversity to contemporaneous debates regarding mathematics teaching and argue that textbooks themselves have to be considered as active agents of such debates.
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Mijin KIM. "The rhetoric of national identity and intergration in French primary school textbooks." Journal of Seokdang Academy ll, no. 59 (July 2014): 111–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17842/jsa.2014..59.111.
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Gabowitsch, Mischa. "Visuals in History Textbooks." Journal of Educational Media, Memory, and Society 15, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 99–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jemms.2023.150106.
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Abstract This article is based on a bibliographical data set of over 2,600 history textbooks from the post-1945 Soviet Union and eleven out of its fifteen successor states, including books on international, national, and regional or local history. Among these, it analyzes the illustrations used in 450 books that cover the period of the Second World War. Arguing against a reduction of history-related visuals to a “narrative,” this article seeks to contribute to analyzing the visual grammar of history textbooks. It does so by drawing on notions of familiarity developed in French pragmatic sociology and identifies visual techniques used to make pupils approach war memorials in a mode of familiarity rather than critical analysis. Decontextualized presentations of monuments located outside the former Soviet Union turn them into timeless icons experienced via familiarity-as-recognition; monuments shown with surrounding landscapes or on maps turn them into intimately known markers of a Sovietized local identity.
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Park, Byoungdo. "How Religions are Represented in Foreign Language Culture Textbooks in Korean High School: Focusing on the 2015 Revised Curriculum." Korean Association for the Study of Religious Education 77 (June 30, 2024): 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.58601/kjre.2024.06.30.03.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
[Objective] The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics and limitations of the content related to religion in the Second Language Culture Textbooks of the 2015 revised curriculum in order to demonstrate new aspects of religious education in the secondary school curriculum. [Contents] In order to examine the role of religion in second language cultural education, this study analyzes the content of eight foreign culture textbooks (French, German, Spanish, Russian, Arabic, Chinese, Japanese, and Vietnamese). It categorizes the characteristics of the religious narratives in each textbook and identifies problems with the narratives. [Conclusions] In general, these textbooks can be divided into three types: textbooks that address religion in depth with separate chapters, textbooks that do not set specific chapters but handle religion through annual events and festivals, and textbooks that barely examine religion. The differences in these descriptions are due to the fact that the importance of religion is recognized differently by each textbook author, most of whom are not specialists of cultural studies. In order to rectify these problems, it is important to establish unified direction for cultural education and actively involve experts in cultural studies, including religious studies in the development of textbooks.
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박정란. "Characteristics of “National Language” Textbooks in Early Post-War Japan." Japanese Language and Literature Association of Daehan ll, no. 50 (May 2011): 285–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.18631/jalali.2011..50.017.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "National characteristics, French, in textbooks"
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Oscherwitz, Dayna Lynne. "Representing the nation cinema, literature and the struggle for national identity in contemporary France /." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3034944.
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Rogers, Juliette R. "The political lives of dairy cows : modernity, tradition, and professional identity in the Norman cheese industry." View abstract/electronic edition; access limited to Brown University users, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3318354.
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Emerson, John. "The representation of the colonial past in French and Australian cinema, from 1970 to 2000 /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phe536.pdf.
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Polding, M. Fred. "A vision for France toward a strategy for planting Christian and Missionary Alliance churches in France /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.
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Cordier, Adeline. "The mediating of chanson : French identity and the myth Brel-Brassens-Ferré." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/955.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Jacques Brel, Georges Brassens and Léo Ferré are three emblematic figures of post-war French song, who have been seen by critics, journalists, and the public, as the epitome of chanson, and more generally of ‘Frenchness’. The starting point of this study is the observation that the legacy of the systematic association of Brel, Brassens, and Ferré – crystallised in Cristiani’s 1969 interview and in Jean-Pierre Leloir’s photograph of the interview – has enjoyed a prosperity which seems disproportionate to the actual relevance of the comparison between the three artists. In 1969, the three singers were significant figures of French song, but they were not the only ones. Bringing them together was therefore a promise of media success, but it was in no way expected to start a legend; and yet, the myth of the interview has today taken over its reality, to the extent that the Comédie Française is presently, almost thirty years later, turning it into a play which was staged in May 2008. The photograph of the three singers smoking and drinking around a table is, today, and for a vast majority of people, the only thing that they know about the famous interview, if not about the singers. The lack of obvious grounds to justify the exclusivity of the trio suggests that there is more to it than a musical trinity. By taking into consideration the oral dimension of song, the socio-cultural context in which the trio emerged, and the mediation of their celebrity, this study aims to identify the factors of cultural and national identity that have held together the myth of the trio since its creation. Besides shedding new light on the significance of the three artists individually, this study proposes to demonstrate that each singer embodies qualities with which the French people likes to be associated, and that the trio Brel-Brassens-Ferré can therefore be seen as an arbitrary sketch of a certain ‘Frenchness’. In particular, this thesis focuses on the trio illustrating the popular representation of a key issue of French national identity: the paradoxical aspiration to both revolution and the status quo. By taking the cultural icon ‘Brel-Brassens-Ferré’ as a case study through which to address questions of popular and national identity, this study contributes to cultural studies in two different ways. Firstly, through theorising the implications of the oral dimension of songs, it demonstrates the necessity of taking into consideration factors such as performance, the media, and the socio-historical context, when studying artists as societal phenomena. Secondly, it evidences the importance of the study of forms of popular culture, such as iconic singers or music, when investigating the ways in which a society perceives its own national identity.
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Cussen, Chad R. "War and the sentimental past : memory and emotion in the aftermath of the Franco-Prussian War /." View online, 2010. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131576466.pdf.
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Hilliker, Robert. "Customary practice : the colonial transformation of European concepts of collective identity, 1580-1724." View abstract/electronic edition; access limited to Brown University users, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3318328.
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Pauk, Filgueira Barbara. "Crossing the channel : socio-cultural exchanges in English and French women's writings - 1830-1900." University of Western Australia. School of Social and Cultural Studies, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0083.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The focus of this study is an investigation of cross-channel exchanges represented in travelogues, historical works, journalism, letters and journals written by English women Frances Trollope, Lady Margaret Blessington, George Eliot and Julia Kavanagh on France and by French women Flora Tristan and Marie Dronsart on England. The work is based on the view that narratives about another culture betray preconceptions and beliefs and are never innocent descriptions. Nineteenth-century English descriptions of France, for instance, are not only marked by the stereotype of the gregarious French bon vivant but also by the often tense political relationship and economical concurrence between the two countries. French descriptions of England reflect the consciousness of England's superiority in the domains of economy, industry and colonialism as well as the stereotype of the boring, monosyllabic, haughty, egoistic and often xenophobic Englishman. Given that writings on the other culture are marked by practices and belief systems as well as notions of superiority and inferiority like texts emerging from a colonial context, ideas which have been developed in this field by scholars such as Sara Mills and Reina Lewis have been used as a basis for this investigation. I argue that the women whose texts I analyse strategically employ 'discourses of difference' (to use Sara Mills' term), or alignment and 'othering' in regard to nation, class, and political opinion, in order to gain positions which allow them to challenge contemporary ideologies of femininity. They take advantage of their positions in very different ways, according to their personal, class and economic situations, their agenda, and their gendered position within society which changes significantly during the century. The English women Frances Trollope, Lady Margaret Blessington, George Eliot and Julia Kavanagh construct themselves as part of the tradition of French salonnières from the seventeenth century to the present, while the French women Flora Tristan and Marie Dronsart align themselves with English travel writers, particularly Lady Mary Wortley Montagu. Through a careful construction of these foremothers, which often differed from other representations of them, they criticise gender politics in their own country and endeavour to normalise their own activities as intellectuals and writers, in the case of Tristan as a socialist and feminist activist. This strategy is complemented by 'othering' with regard to nation, class and political convictions which confers on the women an authoritative authorial voice and / or allows them to support their argument. They endorse ideologies of gender, nation and class at the same time as they reject some aspects of them. This study reveals new aspects of nineteenth-century discussions of the so-called 'woman question' through a broader approach which encompasses not only the parameters of gender, class and political orientation but also cross-cultural experience.
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Bullard, Alice. "Primitivism, the Paris Commune of 1871 and the making of nineteenth-century French national identity." 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/37108597.html.
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Keenan, Bethany S. "Vietnam Is fighting for us : French identities and the U.S. - Vietnam War, 1965-1973 /." 2009. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2353.
Повний текст джерелаКниги з теми "National characteristics, French, in textbooks"
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Krauskopf, Jürgen. Das Deutschland- und Frankreichbild in Schulbüchern: Deutsche Französischbücher und französische Deutschbücher von 1950-1980. Tübingen: Narr, 1985.
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Haehnel, Gisela. Langrune: Das Deutsche und das Französische. Mainz: Gardez!, 1993.
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Félix, Christian. Le Français nouveau est arrivé--. Les Sables d'Olonne, Vendée: Sous l'égide d'Expressions et formes associées, 1995.
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Marseille, Jacques. C'est beau la France: Pour en finir avec le masochisme français. Paris: Plon, 1993.
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Weil, Patrick. Qu'est-ce qu'un Français?: Histoire de la nationalité française depuis la Révolution. Paris: Gallimard, 2005.
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Domenach, Jean-Marie. Regarder la France: Essai sur le malaise français. Paris: Perrin, 1997.
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Marseille, Jacques. Nouvelle histoire de la France. [Paris]: Perrin, 1999.
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Michael, Einfalt, ed. Konstrukte nationaler Identität: Deutschland, Frankreich und Grossbritannien (19. und 20. Jahrhundert). Würzburg: Ergon, 2002.
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Chu, Anping. Ying ren, Fa ren, Zhongguo ren. [Beijing: Beijing zhong xian tuo fang ke ji fa zhan you xian gong si, 2012.
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Darien, Georges. La Belle France. Bruxelles: Editions Complexe, 1993.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "National characteristics, French, in textbooks"
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Djane, Kabran Aristide, and Andrea Northan. "An examination of Negritude in textbooks: a content analysis approach to the textbooks of History–Geography and French in upper primary school in Côte d'Ivoire." In Schools and National Identities in French-speaking Africa, 90–106. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429288944-7.
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Zouaoui, Amira. "Identity (re)construction and the culture of resistance in Algerian textbooks of French and English." In Schools and National Identities in French-speaking Africa, 162–79. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429288944-12.
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Duparc, Camille, John Barzman, and Elisabeth Robert Barzman. "History Textbooks for French High Schools: Events, Long-Term Trends, Europe and Skills, Not National Leaders." In Globalisation and Historiography of National Leaders, 123–41. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0975-8_8.
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Page, Sebastien, Marc Mansuy, Katrien Eloot, Maxim Candries, and Roeland Adams. "Benchmark of Turning Basin Options for the ECMT Class V Network of Nord-Pas-de-Calais (France)." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 311–23. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6138-0_28.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe Nord-Pas-de-Calais Division of Voies navigables de France (VNF), the French Waterways authority, is preparing a master plan for the development of turning basins for its ECMT class V network. In this frame, IMDC has been asked to carry out a comparative analysis (benchmark) of the different designs of turning basins in France and elsewhere in the world and to propose design criteria adapted for future developments (for ships of 110 m and 135 m) on the Nord-Pas-de-Calais network. The first part of the study consisted in a desktop review of available national and international guidelines or recommendations on the subject of turning basins design. This helped building a better understanding of the needs in terms of geometry for safe and/or comfortable turning maneuvers. Technical studies of built or projected turning basins on the Nord-Pas-de-Calais network were also analyzed to refine the knowledge on local conditions. Based on the findings of the desktop analysis, interviews of European waterways authorities, international experts and skippers were carried out to further improve the understanding of the problem, both from the infrastructure side as well as from the users’ side. On top of geometry concerns, the interviews tackled hydrometeorological constraints, operational and environmental aspects, auxiliary equipment, etc. From this, a draft technical reference system was proposed for future turning basins on the Nord-Pas-de-Calais network. It proposes two options, depending on whether the basin is located on two banks or on one bank only, and aims at offering each option in two safety and ease levels: a comfort level version, on which the turn must always be relatively easy, and a safety level version, on which the turn must always be possible, but with less ease. The designs were then tested using real time navigation simulations. Optimizations of some of the designs were also proposed to adapt to severe hydro-meteorological conditions. Finally, a decision tree has been developed to facilitate the selection of a design solution according to the local characteristics of the projected basin location on the network. This tool allows the selection of the geometry allowing the easiest turn possible according to the available space and the hydrometeorological conditions present on the envisaged site.
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Donohue, Christopher. "“A Mountain of Nonsense”? Czech and Slovenian Receptions of Materialism and Vitalism from c. 1860s to the First World War." In History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences, 67–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12604-8_5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractIn general, historians of science and historians of ideas do not focus on critical appraisals of scientific ideas such as vitalism and materialism from Catholic intellectuals in eastern and southeastern Europe, nor is there much comparative work available on how significant European ideas in the life sciences such as materialism and vitalism were understood and received outside of France, Germany, Italy and the UK. Insofar as such treatments are available, they focus on the contributions of nineteenth century vitalism and materialism to later twentieth ideologies, as well as trace the interactions of vitalism and various intersections with the development of genetics and evolutionary biology see Mosse (The culture of Western Europe: the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Westview Press, Boulder, 1988, Toward the final solution: a history of European racism. Howard Fertig Publisher, New York, 1978; Turda et al., Crafting humans: from genesis to eugenics and beyond. V&R Unipress, Goettingen, 2013). English and American eugenicists (such as William Caleb Saleeby), and scores of others underscored the importance of vitalism to the future science of “eugenics” (Saleeby, The progress of eugenics. Cassell, New York, 1914). Little has been written on materialism qua materialism or vitalism qua vitalism in eastern Europe.The Czech and Slovene cases are interesting for comparison insofar as both had national awakenings in the middle of the nineteenth century which were linguistic and scientific, while also being religious in nature (on the Czech case see David, Realism, tolerance, and liberalism in the Czech National awakening: legacies of the Bohemian reformation. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 2010; on the Slovene case see Kann and David, Peoples of the Eastern Habsburg Lands, 1526-1918. University of Washington Press, Washington, 2010). In the case of many Catholic writers writing in Moravia, there are not only slight noticeable differences in word-choice and construction but a greater influence of scholastic Latin, all the more so in the works of nineteenth century Czech priests and bishops.In this case, German, Latin and literary Czech coexisted in the same texts. Thus, the presence of these three languages throws caution on the work on the work of Michael Gordin, who argues that scientific language went from Latin to German to vernacular. In Czech, Slovenian and Croatian cases, all three coexisted quite happily until the First World War, with the decades from the 1840s to the 1880s being particularly suited to linguistic flexibility, where oftentimes writers would put in parentheses a Latin or German word to make the meaning clear to the audience. Note however that these multiple paraphrases were often polemical in the case of discussions of materialism and vitalism.In Slovenia Čas (Time or The Times) ran from 1907 to 1942, running under the muscular editorship of Fr. Aleš Ušeničnik (1868–1952) devoted hundreds of pages often penned by Ušeničnik himself or his close collaborators to wide-ranging discussions of vitalism, materialism and its implied social and societal consequences. Like their Czech counterparts Fr. Matěj Procházka (1811–1889) and Fr. Antonín LenzMaterialismMechanismDynamism (1829–1901), materialism was often conjoined with "pantheism" and immorality. In both the Czech and the Slovene cases, materialism was viewed as a deep theological problem, as it made the Catholic account of the transformation of the Eucharistic sacrifice into the real presence untenable. In the Czech case, materialism was often conjoined with “bestiality” (bestialnost) and radical politics, especially agrarianism, while in the case of Ušeničnik and Slovene writers, materialism was conjoined with “parliamentarianism” and “democracy.” There is too an unexamined dialogue on vitalism, materialism and pan-Slavism which needs to be explored.Writing in 1914 in a review of O bistvu življenja (Concerning the essence of life) by the controversial Croatian biologist Boris Zarnik) Ušeničnik underscored that vitalism was an speculative outlook because it left the field of positive science and entered the speculative realm of philosophy. Ušeničnik writes that it was “Too bad” that Zarnik “tackles” the question of vitalism, as his zoological opinions are interesting but his philosophy was not “successful”. Ušeničnik concluded that vitalism was a rather old idea, which belonged more to the realm of philosophy and Thomistic theology then biology. It nonetheless seemed to provide a solution for the particular characteristics of life, especially its individuality. It was certainly preferable to all the dangers that materialism presented. Likewise in the Czech case, Emmanuel Radl (1873–1942) spent much of his life extolling the virtues of vitalism, up until his death in home confinement during the Nazi Protectorate. Vitalism too became bound up in the late nineteenth century rediscovery of early modern philosophy, which became an essential part of the development of new scientific consciousness and linguistic awareness right before the First World War in the Czech lands. Thus, by comparing the reception of these ideas together in two countries separated by ‘nationality’ but bounded by religion and active engagement with French and German ideas (especially Driesch), we can reconstruct not only receptions of vitalism and materialism, but articulate their political and theological valances.
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Lipovec, Alenka, Barbara Arcet, Oya Güler, and Martin Putzlocher. "Cross-National Analysis of Educational Video Characteristics." In Perspectives on Teacher Education and Development, 466–84. University of Maribor,. University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.pef.1.2023.25.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper presents the first results of the EXPERT project, in which Slovenian e-textbooks and associated video lectures are translated into English using machine translation models. Emergency remote teaching and the characteristics of video lectures in five countries (Slovenia, Finland, Germany, Spain, and Turkey) were thoroughly analysed. The questionnaire consisted of ten broad open questions with several subquestions. Responses were collected from ten e-learning experts, two in each country. A mixed quantitative and qualitative method was chosen to analyse the data. The various characteristics of video lectures were grouped into four pedagogical and six technical principles. The results show that the countries followed diverse paths in providing open educational resources and teacher training during COVID-19 school closures. In all countries, the video lectures’ compliance with the pedagogical principles for video explanations was satisfactory, but the interactivity level should have been higher. However, recording formats and the features related to the machine translation model should be reconsidered. These issues will be addressed in the subsequent phases of the project.
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Eckhardt, Caroline D. "Poetry and National History." In The Oxford History of Poetry in English, 167–86. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827429.003.0011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This chapter examines verse narratives of England’s (or Britain’s) past, in which national identity was constructed as changing through time, from a postulated Trojan origin through subsequent waves of conquest, settlement, and struggle, with the Arthurian reign often given prominence. Generally classed as chronicles and dated prior to c 1400, these English verse narratives demonstrate great generic porosity in relation to romance, hagiography, and other forms; deep affiliations with Latin and French traditions; and extensive variation in alliteration, rhyme, and other poetic characteristics. The manuscripts show that most of these narratives had an active ‘working life’ after their estimated time of composition and thus they contributed to the circulation of English poetry into the fifteenth century or beyond. Chronicles discussed include Laȝamon’s Brut, the Metrical Chronicle attributed to Robert of Gloucester, the Short Metrical Chronicle, Castleford’s Chronicle, and Robert Mannyng’s Chronicle, with comparisons to Barbour’s Bruce and Clerk’s Gest Hystoriale.
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Tunley, David. "Stylistic Traits in French and Italian Vocal Music of the Baroque Era." In The Eighteenth-Century French Cantata, 27–45. Oxford University PressOxford, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198164395.003.0003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract So far our study has attempted to uncover some of the social roots of the eighteenth-century French cantata; it is now time to turn to the major musical influences that generated its growth. Inevitably this must lead to an examination of French and Italian styles as they manifested themselves in music of the late seventeenth century, for the cantata was the result of one of the attempts in French music to reconcile the two. Not that iris the intention here to review the polemical literature which so diverted the musical public of that time-this has been adequately covered by other writers but, rather, to analyse some of the national musical characteristics which have a particular bearing upon the style of the French cantata, although space precludes anything more than a brief study of their melodic, harmonic, and structural elements.
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Kervalishvili, Irakli. "Terrorist Psychology and Its Impact on National and Global Security." In Global Perspectives on the Psychology of Terrorism, 37–56. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5311-7.ch003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Terrorism is a policy based on the systematic use of terror. Despite the legal force of the term “terrorism,” its definition up to the present time remains ambiguous. But experts agree that the best definition of terrorism is the achievement of political, ideological, economic, and religious goals by violent means. Synonyms of the word “terror” (Latin terror – fear, horror) are the words “violence” and “intimidation.” This term became widespread in various countries after the “Age of Terror” during the Great French Revolution. During the discussion about terrorism, one of the main directions of this phenomena represents the terrorist psychology. Thus, in the chapter attention is paid to the psychological aspects of terrorism, including the determination of the main types of terrorism and psychological characteristics of the terrorists and terrorist groups.
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Sèbe, Berny. "Colonial Heroes." In Postcolonial Realms of Memory, 298–306. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789620665.003.0027.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Taken together, the reputations which emerged in Francophone popular culture around a series of distinguished explorers, missionaries, empire builders or colonial administrators can be described as a site of collective memory, cementing in part the French ‘imagined community’ and sometimes spearheading cultural bridges within the French-speaking world in the postcolonial period. Turned into heroic figures endowed with national significance at the time of the ‘New Imperialism’ of the late nineteenth-century, through an elaborate process which involved the agency of a variety of hero-makers (and sometimes the heroes themselves) and the use of the newly-developed mass-media, the names of Lavigerie, Garnier, Brazza, Marchand, Lyautey, Foucauld and the like became sites of memory, both physically (through street or institution naming, statues, etc.) and culturally (through books, representations in the press and later in films, as well their place in the pantheon of school textbooks). Through colonial heroes, an unusual map of (post-)colonial France and the Francophone world emerges, which is much more complex than has been previously acknowledged, especially in the light of the interest of some post-independence African rulers in the colonial conquerors who gave birth to the modern states that they run.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "National characteristics, French, in textbooks"
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Nunes, H., Z. Carton, V. Cottin, D. Israel-Biet, M. Brauner, M. Kambouchner, J. Cadranel, et al. "A French National Prospective Cohort of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF): Demographic Characteristics." In American Thoracic Society 2009 International Conference, May 15-20, 2009 • San Diego, California. American Thoracic Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2009.179.1_meetingabstracts.a2981.
Повний текст джерела
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Voizard, Patrice, Stefan Mayer, and Gerald Ouzounian. "Geological Repository for Nuclear High Level Waste in France From Feasibility to Design Within a Legal Framework." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7034.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the past 15 years, the French program on deep geologic disposal of high level and long-lived radioactive waste has benefited from a clear legal framework as the result of the December 30, 1991 French Waste Act. To fulfil its obligations stipulated in this law, Andra has submitted the “Dossier 2005 Argile” (clay) and “Dossier 2005 Granite” to the French Government. The first of those reports presents a concept for the underground disposal of nuclear waste at a specific clay site and focuses on a feasibility study. Knowledge of the host rock characteristics is based on the investigations carried out at the Meuse/Haute Marne Underground Research Laboratory. The repository concept addresses various issues, the most important of which relates to the large amount of waste, the clay host rock and the reversibility requirement. This phase has ended upon review and evaluation of the “Dossier 2005” made by different organisations including the National Review Board, the National Safety Authority and the NEA International Review Team. By passing the “new”, June 28, 2006 Planning Act on the sustainable management of radioactive materials and waste, the French parliament has further defined a clear legal framework for future work. This June 28 Planning Act thus sets a schedule and defines the objectives for the next phase of repository design in requesting the submission of a construction authorization application by 2015. The law calls for the repository program to be in a position to commission disposal installations by 2025.
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Burkhardt, Jean-marie, Dina Attia, Francine Behar-cohen, Ouriel Grynszpan, Evelyne Klinger, Regis Lobjois, Guillaume Moreau, et al. "What about the real use of virtual, extended and augmented reality ? A survey of a French representative sample." In 15th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004981.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Literature provides few if no data on the current use and exposure of individuals to virtual reality (VR) and/or augmented reality (AR) technologies in the wild. Most of the publications concern prototypes and systems tested in laboratories, whereas actual uses in private and professional situations are poorly documented. Obtaining a clear picture the current use and exposure to VR/A/M technologies is thus difficult, beyond high-profile applications (e.g. Pokemon GO) and devices (e.g. Oculus rift). To address this gap, a survey was conducted in the context of a working group at the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES) among a sample of 776 French people aged 18 and over who have already experienced virtual or augmented reality (from a representative national sample of 2970 French people aged 18 and over) and 122 children aged 6 to 17 who have already experienced virtual or augmented reality. The online questionnaire was designed to identify the people concerned and the situations of exposure to these technologies, the type of systems and devices used, as well as to examine the possible occurrence of cyber-sickness symptoms felt after or during exposure. Beyond the lack of previous studies, a specific difficulty and limit to interpreting previous surveys lies in the emerging nature of the technologies under consideration, i.e. the fact that they are evolving technologies, still little known and/or poorly understood (especially for the general population) and responding to uses and needs that are still incompletely identified. Thus, the study's instructions relied on a precise definition of VR/AR combined with typical illustrations of the different types of devices and uses presented in the questionnaire.The results show that 26% of French people aged 18 and over have already experienced virtual or augmented reality, whereas 33% of French people with children between the ages of 6 and 17 report that their children have already experienced VR/AR. Characteristics of the users population, situations and duration of use, as well as devices mostly used are clarified. In terms of health consequences, between one-third and one-half of users report having experienced symptoms during or following exposure to VR or AR, depending on how the measurement is conducted. The most common self-reported symptoms are dizziness and headache. Symptoms mainly appear during or immediately after exposure and disappear very quickly afterwards, with the exception of headaches and visual fatigue, which seem to persist more over time. The types of use and technologies used seem to be determining factors in the occurrence of symptoms. The results, together with a review of the literature, set perspectives to the recommendations published by the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES).
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Coulon, Vincent, Sébastien Christophe, Laurence Grammosenis, Luc Guinard, and Hervé Cordier. "Protection of Nuclear Power Plants Against Natural Hazards: Protection Principles Against Rare and Severe Natural Hazards for New Nuclear Power Plants." In 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering collocated with the ASME 2020 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone2020-16185.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The field of protection against external natural hazards (eg.: rare and severe hazards) has regularly evolved since the design of the first NPPs (Nuclear Power Plants) to take into account the experience feedback. Following the Fukushima Daiichi accident in March 2011, consideration of rare and severe natural hazards has considerably increased in the international context. Taking rare and severe natural hazards into account is a challenge for operating nuclear reactors and a major issue for the design of new nuclear reactors. In Europe, considering lessons learnt from the Fukushima Daiichi accident, European safety authorities released new reference levels in the framework of WENRA 2013 (Western European Nuclear Regulators Association) standards for new reactors [1] to address external hazards more severe than the design basis hazards. Considering this input, the French and UK nuclear regulators have released specific guidelines (Guide No. 22 related to design of new pressurized water reactors [2] for France and ONR Safety Assessment Principles SAPs [3] for the UK) to describe how to apply those principles in their national context. To comply with those different guidelines, EDF has developed different approaches, called Beyond Design Basis (BDB) approaches, related to rare and severe natural hazards issue in the French and UK context for nuclear new build projects. Those two approaches are presented in the present technical paper with the following structure: - safety objectives; - hazards to consider; - SSCs (Structures, Systems, and Components) required to meet safety objectives; - study rules and assumptions; - analysis of deterministic or probabilistic nature, thereby including the following: ○ analysis of available margins (margin between 10−4 per annum exceedance frequency of hazard site level or equivalent level of safety and the chosen Design Basis Hazard level also called ‘inherent margin’); ○ Fukushima Daiichi accident Operating Experience feedback; ○ probabilistic safety analyses. This technical paper highlights common characteristics and differences between the two approaches considering the French and UK regulatory contexts.
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Julli, Emmanuelle, and Bertrand Lantes. "The Next EDF Tracking System." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16292.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
EDF’s network of nuclear power plants (NPP) comprises 58 pressurized water reactors. Solid waste arising during plant operation (mainly VLLW, LLW and ILW) are conditioned and sent either to interim storage, an off site treatment plant for additional processing (e.g. the Centraco incinerator or the melting facilities of SOCODEI) or directly to one of the two final repositories operated by ANDRA, the French national radioactive waste management agency. The tracking system allows: - the checking of waste package characteristics against acceptance criteria of the final disposal facilities or off site treatment facilities; and - the transmission of the waste package data to ANDRA and SOCODEI. Since 1992, the EDF computer application DRA has been run on networked computers at EDF and ANDRA, and more recently at SOCODEI. DRA is also a key element in the management of radioactive waste. It allows a large range of inter comparisons to be made between the NPPs in operation and is thus the principal tool used optimize technical and economic performance. After 15 years of use, DRA was technically obsolete and could no longer be successfully developed to meet evolving regulatory requirements. It was therefore decided to completely replace the DRA system and in so doing to introduce new functionality.
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Laribi, M. A., T. Essomba, S. Zeghloul, and G. Poisson. "Optimal Synthesis of a New Spherical Parallel Mechanism for Application to Tele-Echography Chain." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47184.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper considers the practice of a tele-echography through a new slave holder robot for a remote echographic diagnostic application. This robot is integrated in a master-slave system called ‘Robotic Platform for an Interactive Tele-echographic System’ (PROSIT ANR French national project). The proposed approach is based on motion capture of an expert’s gestures during the echography examination. The medical gestures were analyzed in terms of positions and velocities; the result has been used in the definition of the kinematics specifications of the proposed manipulator. The effective workspace size of a standard echography act, done by the medical expert, is determined through an experimental study. The evaluation of the workspace is based on the use of the Vicon Nexus motion capture system. The spherical parallel mechanism (SPM) has been selected because of its characteristics meeting the constraint requirements. In addition this architecture offers an excellent stiffness, high precision and is light weight. The design problem of a new parallel probe-holder robot according to the identified experimental workspace for the tele-echography system is presented. In this work, in order to increase the workspace volume of the manipulator, a minimal set of geometrical parameters of spherical parallel manipulators are optimized to find the maximum workspace. Seven independent design parameters have been identified. The optimal synthesis of spherical parallel manipulators is performed using a real-coded genetic algorithm (GA) based method. An optimal study of the orientation workspace is also presented.
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Simmons, Jeremy W., and James D. Van de Ven. "Pipeline Model Fidelity for Wave Energy System Models." In ASME/BATH 2021 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2021-68484.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Ocean wave energy conversion plants that use hydraulic power take-offs (PTOs) have been configured so that the working fluid must travel a significant distance (of several hundred to a few thousand meters) from the wave energy converter (WEC) located offshore to equipment onshore. With the pulsatile flow generated by the WEC having a peak period in the range of 3 to 12 seconds, the wavelengths of the excited pressure waves approach the length of the pipelines themselves. By the standards for modeling pipelines presented in popular fluid power and related textbooks, the system models for these plants should include distributed parameter models of the pipeline dynamics that capture the pressure wave delay effects. This work tests the importance of pipeline model fidelity for wave energy conversion plants. Simulations have been conducted of a simple but representative hydraulic PTO for wave energy conversion and incorporate several common lumped and distributed parameter pipeline models for comparison. These results are used to show the degree to which model fidelity effects several design metrics that are especially useful in the preliminary design phase of system development. The pipeline models used include: 1) a short line model that includes lumped resistive effects only, 2) a medium line model that also includes lumped inertial and capacitive effects for a single pipeline segment, 3) a long line model that uses repeated, lumped parameter line segments to approximate the distributed parameters of a real pipeline, 4) a simple method of characteristics solution to the one-dimensional momentum and continuity equations assuming a fixed wave speed, and 5) a discrete free-gas cavity model augmenting the simple method of characteristic pipeline model. The results suggest a relaxed standard for modeling pipelines in the case of this type of system, in which case, the recommended model is easily implemented in variable time step solvers and CAD software such as Simscape Fluids and can be used within the WEC-Sim modeling framework developed by the National Renewable Energy Lab.
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Bumbieler, F., S. Necib, J. Morel, D. Crusset, and G. Armand. "Mechanical and SCC Behavior of an API5L Steel Casing Within the Context of Deep Geological Repositories for Radioactive Waste." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45234.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Andra, the French national radioactive waste management agency, is in charge of studying the possibility of disposal of High Level activity Wastes (HLW) in deep geological repositories. The concept of HLW cells consists of horizontal micro-tunnels of about 0.7 m in diameter, equipped with a steel casing. In order to ensure the reliability of the casing, particularly with respect to Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC), several in-situ experiments dedicated to the analysis of its short term mechanical and corrosion behavior have been performed at Andra’s Underground Research Laboratory (URL) as well as in surface laboratory. Reduced and full scale in-situ experiments consisting of equipping boreholes parallel to the major horizontal stress (σH) with instrumented steel tubing, have been performed to analyze the mechanisms involved in the casing/rock interface. The main characteristics of the short term mechanical load applied by the rock have been determined from local strain and convergence measurements. Although in-situ stress is isotropic in the section of boreholes parallel to σH, measurements exhibit a strongly anisotropic load. SCC experiments conducted on different steel grades, in contact with the clay host rock containing CO2/H2 revealed that general corrosion is the main type of corrosion expected for steel casings. However, the selected steel casing must have a sufficiently high yield strength (above 400 MPa) to reduce the risk of early stage plasticity due to host rock anisotropic convergence and thus to overcome SCC. API5LX65 steel seems to meet both mechanical and corrosion requirements, therefore being likely the appropriate material for the manufacture of the casing.
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Labalette, Thibaud, Alain Harman, and Marie-Claude Dupuis. "The Cige´o Industrial Geological Repository Project." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59265.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Planning Act of 28 June 2006 prescribed that a reversible repository in a deep geological formation be chosen as the reference solution for the long-term management of high-level and intermediate-level long-lived radioactive waste. It also entrusted the responsibility of further studies and investigations on the siting and design of the new repository upon the French Radioactive Waste Management Agency (Agence nationale pour la gestion des de´chets radioactifs – Andra), in order for the review of the creation-licence application to start in 2015 and, subject to its approval, the commissioning of the new repository in 2025. In late 2009, Andra submitted to the French government proposals concerning the implementation and the design of Cige´o (Centre industriel de stockage ge´ologique). A significant step of the project was completed with the delineation of an interest zone for the construction of the repositor’s underground facilities in 2010. This year, Andra has launched a new dialogue phase with local actors in order to clarify the implementation scenarios on the surface. The selected site will be validated after the public debate that is now scheduled for the first half of 2013. This debate will be organized by the National Public Debate Committee (Commission nationale du de´bat public). In parallel, the State is leading the preparation of an territorial development scheme, which will be presented during the public debate. The 2009 milestone also constitutes a new step in the progressive design process of the repository. After the 1998, 2001 and 2005 iterations, which focused mainly on the long-term safety of the repository, the Dossier 2009 highlighted its operational safety, with due account of the non-typical characteristics of an underground nuclear facility. It incorporates the first results of the repository-optimisation studies, which started in 2006 and will continue in the future. The reversibility options for the repository constitute proposals in terms of added flexibility in repository management and in package-recovery levels. They orient the design of the repository in order to promote those reversibility components. They contribute to the dialogue with stakeholders in the preparation of the public debate and of the future act on the reversibility conditions of the repository. The development of the repository shall be achieved over a long period, around the century. Hence, the designer will acquire additional knowledge at every new development of the project, notably during Phase 1, which he may reuse during the following phase, in order, for instance, to optimise the project. This process is part of the approach proposed by Andra in 2009 pursuant to the reversibility principle.
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Giannetti, F., V. Narcisi, A. Subioli, and A. Del Nevo. "Phénix Transient Analysis for the Assessment of RELAP5-3D Based on Dissymmetric Test Benchmark." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-82419.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Before the definitive shutdown of Phénix fast reactor, a pool-type sodium-cooled prototype, occurred in the year 2009, the French Commissariat a l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) decided to carry out a final set of experimental tests, in order to gather data and additional knowledge on relevant Sodium Fast Reactors (SFR) operation and safety aspects. One of these experiments was the dissymmetrical configuration test, which has been selected as a benchmark transient on H2020 SESAME project. ENEA and Sapienza University of Rome are participating, in collaboration, in the benchmark using RELAP5-3D© code, developed by Idaho National Laboratory (INL). The analysis of the thermal hydraulic characteristics and the plant behavior focuses on the accurate core cooling prediction in natural circulation, by assessing the flow and the temperatures in the various reactor components. Aiming to investigate the asymmetric thermal hydraulic behavior inside the pool, the nodalization scheme has been developed using a detailed parallel pipe with cross-junctions for the hot and cold pool and the core has been simulated assembly per assembly, including blanket and reflector, in the first seven rings, ready for a proficient coupling with a three-dimensional neutron kinetic analysis code. The scope of the present study is to verify if a detailed thermal–hydraulics pool model could add useful data to show the differences which occur in each loop and into the pools, caused by the azimuthal asymmetry of the boundary conditions. Blind calculations results are here presented and discussed, highlighting the details added with the multidimensional nodalization scheme, compared to a mono-dimensional model. The paper will be a first step on the comparison of a Phénix mono-dimensional and three-dimensional thermal-hydraulic nodalization and on the RELAP5-3D© code assessment against the dissymmetrical experimental results.