Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Museo della Specola (Bologna, Italy)"

Abstracttitle RIASSUNTO /title L'articolo presenta i risultati dello studio sulle lenti da cannocchiale di Montanari, Cellio, Campani e Bruni custodite presso il Museo della Specola di Bologna. I risultati dell'indagine, condotta con strumentazione allo stato dell'arte, gettano luce sui continui perfezionamenti intervenuti nella fase di primo sviluppo delle tecnologie ottiche.

Abstract The Veronese astronomer Francesco Bianchini (1662–1729) was a prominent figure at the papal court in the pontificates of Clement XI (pp. 1700–1721), Innocent XII (pp. 1721–1724), and Benedict XIII (pp. 1724–1730). In his influential treatise Hesperi et Phosphori Nova Phaenomena sive Observationes circa Planetam Veneris, published in Rome in 1728, he presents the first cartographical depiction of Venus, containing the gores for a globe. Bianchini also produced at least four Venus globes of which two still exist as original models in Paris (BNF) and Bologna (Museo della Specola). With this set of globes, Bianchini provided the first identified three-dimensional model of a planet (if we exclude earlier cartographical examples of the Earth and the Moon). In this article we address the conceptual and technological changes permitting the emergence of planetary globes.

Cercyon bononiensis Chiesa, 1964 was described from two specimens collected in northern Italy in 1924–1925. For some time, these specimens were identified as C. inquinatus Wollaston, 1854. Only 40 years later, having examined the type of the latter species, Chiesa (1964) realized that the two specimens belonged to an undescribed species that he then described as Cercyon bononiensis. Based on the chagrined elytra mentioned in the original description, C. bononiensis has been placed in the Cercyon tristis group by subsequent authors. Recently, we examined a small number of Cercyon specimens from northern Italy and surprisingly found two specimens of C. hungaricus Endrödy-Younga, 1967, an easily recognizable member of the C. tristis group which was previously considered a Pannonian endemic by Fikáček et al. (2009) but was recently also found in northern Germany (Bäse 2010). The presence of this unusual species led us to question whether C. hungaricus might be conspecific with C. bononiensis. This was subsequently confirmed by the study of the types of both species. Here, we provide a summary of our studies and synonymize C. hungaricus with C. bononiensis. Examined specimens are deposited in the following collections: Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary (HNHM), Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Milano, Italy (MSNM), collection of S. Rocchi at the Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Università di Firenze, Sezione di Zoologia "La Specola" (CRO).

The natural history collection of the Bolognese polymath, encyclopedist, and natural philosopher Ulisse Aldrovandi (1522-1605) is regarded as the first museum in the modern sense of the term. It was intended as a resource for scholarship and a microcosm of the natural world, not simply a cabinet of curiosities. In addition to physical specimens, Aldrovandi’s zoological material included a large series of paintings of animals (Tavole di Animali) that were integral to the collection. Following Aldrovandi’s death, his collection was maintained by the terms of his will, but by the 19th century relatively little remained. We examined surviving herpetological components of the collection, comprising 19 specimens of ten species, as well as the corresponding paintings and associated archival material in the Museum of Palazzo Poggi, Museo di Zoologia, and Biblioteca Universitaria Bolognese in Bologna, Italy. Although the antiquity of some of these dried preparations is in question, many are documented in the Tavole di Animali and/or are mentioned in 17th century lists of the museum, verifying them as the oldest museum specimens of amphibians and reptiles in the world. Exotic species are best represented, including two specimens of Uromastyx aegyptia and several boid snakes – the first New World reptiles to be displayed in Europe. However, the Tavole di Animali suggest that the original collection was dominated by Italian taxa and that greater effort may have been made to conserve the more spectacular specimens. The Aldrovandi collection provides a tangible link to the dawn of modern herpetology in Renaissance Italy.

The proposal introduces the theme of the communicative resilience of exhibitions during the Pandemic Era. On March 7, 2020, Italy and its museums, as well as the countless exhibitions housed in their rooms, were closed leaving hundreds, perhaps thousands, of works without the public: from the paintings of Raphael (Rome, Scuderie del Quirinale), to the tables of the Griffoni Polyptych assembled after three hundred years (Bologna, Palazzo Fava), to the statues of Canova (Rome, Palazzo Braschi), to the Sant'Antonio by Antonio Vivarini and to the San Felice in the chair by Lorenzo Lotto chased by Bernard Berenson in his Apulian 'pilgrimages' (Bari, Palazzo Ateneo). Indeed, the latter is the exhibition to which particular attention is paid here. The spaces of the ancient Museum have come back to life with the exhibition “Il Museo che non c’è. Arte, collezionismo, gusto antiquario nel Palazzo degli Studi di Bari 1875-1928”. The exhibition involved lenders institutions such as Villa I Tatti - The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies, the Central State Archive in Rome, the Pinacoteca of Bari 'Corrado Giaquinto' and several others. The exhibition in Bari was inaugurated on February 28th. After the first five days only the exhibition was closed for the advance of COVID 19 virus. In the 'great hall' - as the main space of the ancient Provincial Museum was called - everything remained suspended and perfectly finished: showcases, exhibitors, paintings, statues, clay and stone art objects. However, there was no longer the possibility of letting people, visitors enter. We said that it would have been wonderful to be said that it would have been wonderful to be able to reopen it at least 'virtually'. And so we did, with an immersive and advanced teaching perspective.

Настоящая работа является первым общим описанием на русском языке двух некрополей Кампокиаро (Кампобассо, Италия) – Виченне и Морионе, датируемых последней третью VII в. – началом VIII в. Культурное содержание некрополей показывает прочные связи с населением центральноазиатского происхождения. Важнейшим признаком некрополей являются захоронения с конем, соответствующие евразийскому кочевому погребальному обряду. Автор поддержал выводы европейских исследователей о том, что с большой долей вероятности некрополи оставлены булгарами дукса–гаштальда Алзеко, зафиксированными Павлом Диаконом в VIII в. на территориях Бояно, Сепино и Изернии. Аналогии некрополей Кампокиаро с погребениями Аварского каганата показывают присутствие в аварском обществе булгар со схожим погребальным обрядом. Из тысяч погребений с конем, оставленных аварским населением, булгарам могла принадлежать большая часть. Авары и булгары составляли основу и правящую верхушку каганата. 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Abstract Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Muon Spin Relaxation, Rotation and Resonance 28th August to 2nd September 2022 Parma, Italy Editors: Giacomo Prando and Francis Pratt The 15th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance, µSR2020, took place at the University of Parma, Italy, from August 28th to September 2nd 2022, after a delay of over two years due to the COVID-19 pandemic. µSR2020 was promoted by the International Society for µSR Spectroscopy (ISMS) and co-organised by the Department of Mathematical, Physical and Computer Sciences of the University of Parma in Italy and the ISIS Muon Group at the STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK. µSR spectroscopy makes use of beams of positive and negative muons that are produced at only a small (but growing) number of accelerator facilities around the world. This conference series, which started in 1978 in Rorschach, Switzerland, and has continued with a triennial cadence until the present day, plays a very important role in fostering the exchanges of a well-established, open community of users, promoting and disseminating new experimental developments, as well as informing on scientific breakthroughs associated with the technique and the theoretical advances that support data interpretation. After the uncertainties of the pandemic years, the organisers welcomed the strong support shown by the community for the meeting, with 183 delegates from 17 different countries attending this 15th edition. Of these, it was good to see over 40 early stage researchers taking part in the conference. At the time of the meeting, delegates from a number of countries were still finding international travel difficult, and therefore hybrid sessions were included in the programme to allow remote participation. The Conference Program was selected with the generous help of an International Advisory Committee of 32 distinguished scientists, chaired by Mauro Riccò, University of Parma, and a Scientific Program Committee, composed of nine distinguished scientists, chaired by Pietro Carretta, University of Pavia. Outreach to the local community was an important aspect of the Conference, which was enhanced by a well-attended public engagement event held on the Thursday evening at the Museo APE Parma. Following a well-established tradition, the conference opened with a Student Day on the Sunday. Starting with a short session of four introductory tutorials, the bulk of the day was given over to the students themselves, to share their research with their peers though 12 selected contributions. The day was very well attended (with up to 70 delegates taking part), with the new format much appreciated by all. The start of the regular event was marked by the award of the Yamazaki Prize to Stephen Blundell, followed by his Yamazaki Prize Lecture on ‘The Quantum Muon’. The program was built around eight plenary keynote talks, covering a diverse range of subjects in condensed matter, materials and molecular sciences, where muon spectroscopy is making a significant contribution. Continuing a tradition started at a previous meeting, these contributions were selected from distinguished scientists who, while friends of µSR, are mostly active in complementary fields. The keynote talks were given by Catia Arbizzani (Bologna, energy materials), Bruce Gaulin (McMaster, spin liquids), Giacomo Ghiringhelli (Milano, strongly correlated electron systems), Reizo Kato (RIKEN, molecular materials), Ioan Pop (Karlsruhe, superconducting quantum circuits), Jorge Quintanilla (Kent, machine learning to analyse muon results), Roberta Sessoli (Florence, single molecule magnets) and Reiner Zorn (Jülich, dynamics of liquids, glasses and polymers). The 49 oral contributions presented during the conference were selected from the submitted abstracts. While many of these were related to the topics of the keynote talks, others extended the discussion to applications of muons in additional areas. Presentations were grouped into sessions covering topical subject areas such as Spin Liquids (seven), Strongly Correlated Electron systems (six), Superconductivity (eight), Energy Materials (five), Semiconductors (five), Molecular Chemistry (six), Site Calculations (five) and New Techniques (three). The conference also introduced a session on Muonic x-rays, with the four presentations covering areas such as cultural heritage and in-operando batteries. A further session was dedicated to six facility reports, testifying to the active developments going on at the established facilities and the progress of future ones. Three poster sessions accommodated 129 further contributions across a similar range of subjects, with an online forum catering for those who could not join us at the meeting. The ISMS awarded two prizes to young scientists for best oral and poster presentations, with three further poster prizes awarded to young scientists by the Conference. The meeting concluded with a Conference Summary talk by Tom Lancaster and a closing ceremony, the latter being led by the Conference Honorary Chair, Cesare Bucci. List of Conference Organisation and Sponsor lists and the confererence photograph are available in the pdf.

While there are many places in Italy that cater to the population with low vision or who is blind, for example the “Museo Tattile Statale Omero” in Ancona, the remarks made by the Unione Italiana Ciechi e Ipovedenti (U.I.C.I) of Bologna on the issue state that “the issues produced by perceptual barriers, inherent in visual disabilities, do not find adequate answers in the current accessibility regulations”. To integrate the accessibility of museums and other cultural services, considered by UNESCO as a fundamental human right that must be granted to people with disabilities (article 30, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities) the authors present a design, in its early stages, of a system that aims to make the fruition of scale models independent for users with low vision or who are blind. Said system aims to integrate some sort of augmented reality to haptic perception by reproducing sound cues to help users with disabilities navigate a single, or a series of models without any outside aid. The system is based on the deployment of technological plinths to support the scale models. This approach is well fit for retrofitting existing scale models while integrating the navigation system in an effective fashion. The activation of the plinths will be triggered using a smartphone app (either using NFC or Bluetooth) and will reproduce a set routine to guide the user in the haptic exploration of the models. On the outer rim of the plinths a series of triggers and devices will be placed for the user to interact, while leaving some space between the elements to house details at a larger scale or braille plaques. The triggers will be distinguished by their shape, a proud start trigger and a recessed end trigger; the interface is completed by an array of 8 speakers (one each 45°) with the possibility of ulterior sound emitting elements embodied in new models. The current design also defines the properties of the material that will be used in the prototyping phase by excluding rough surfaces that could introduce haptic noise and suggesting the use of thermoplastic polymers or stabilized wood over metals (since a metallic surface could be problematic in exterior installations due to its high thermal conductivity). The concurrent deployment of multiple plinths will consent the independent navigation and queuing of users in a contained exhibit by triggering a positional sound to guide them, while in urban context the app will have to be integrated with systems that implemented detailed voice guidance such as google maps. The paper ends by describing the future prototyping stages the system is expected to go through to fine tune the preliminary design.