Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Mulga"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся зі списками актуальних статей, книг, дисертацій, тез та інших наукових джерел на тему "Mulga".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Статті в журналах з теми "Mulga"
1
Miller, S. M., D. A. Pritchard, S. J. Eady, and P. R. Martin. "Polyethylene glycol is more effective than surfactants to enhance digestion and production in sheep fed mulga (Acacia aneura) under pen and paddock conditions." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 48, no. 8 (1997): 1121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a96127.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Chemicals that interfere with the formation of tannin-protein complexes were evaluated as dietary additives for mulga-fed sheep in pens and under paddock conditions. Condensed tannins (CT) in mulga inhibit protein digestion, and the use of chemicals to precipitate CT or dissociate CT-protein complexes may improve production from sheep consuming a mulga diet. In a digestion study with mulga-fed sheep in pens, provision of polyethylene glycol (PEG) at a rate of 6 g/day significantly (P < 0·05) improved nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) balance, and apparent N, P, dry matter (DM), and organic matter digestibility, and the rate of liveweight gain. Addition of the surfactants SDS or alkanate 3SL3 to the diet of mulga-fed sheep did not improve N balance or digestion; however, apparent digestibility of P, and P and S balance, were significantly improved by SDS. Teric PE64, a compound structurally similar to PEG, significantly improved S balance, but not DM intake or N balance. For sheep consuming a predominantly mulga diet under paddock conditions, provision of PEG at a rate of 12 g/day significantly improved clean wool growth and liveweight gain compared with unsupplemented sheep, by 9% and 100%, respectively (0·809 v. 0·745 mg/cm2.day, and 44 v. 22 g/day). The studies demonstrated that although surfactants can affect mulga digestion, using PEG to precipitate CT is more effective to improve mulga digestion and animal production than the use of surfactants. However, the wool and liveweight production responses achieved with PEG were not sufficient to justify its wide-scale use for mulga-fed sheep. Consequently, alternative methods should be sought to reduce the negative effects of mulga CT on sheep production.
2
Silcock, J. L., J. Drimer, J. Fraser, and R. J. Fensham. "Inability of fire to control vegetation dynamics in low-productivity mulga (Acacia aneura)-dominated communities of eastern Australia." International Journal of Wildland Fire 26, no. 10 (2017): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf17011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Reduced fire frequency and severity associated with livestock grazing are cited as a cause of woody plant encroachment and thickening in rangelands, but such paradigms are difficult to test experimentally owing to limited opportunities to burn. Mulga (Acacia aneura) dominates 25% of the Australian continent and epitomises this quandary. We measured the effect of rare wildfires on tree and shrub mortality and subsequent regeneration in mulga-dominated communities to critically examine prevailing but unsubstantiated paradigms of vegetation structural change. Mortality of mature mulga trees was positively correlated with fire severity, which was negatively correlated with tree basal area per hectare. High-severity fires killed the majority of mulga, but only occurred in more open areas, whereas low-severity fires typical of many mulga communities did not kill substantial proportions of mature mulga. The majority of mulga saplings were killed across all sites regardless of fire severity. Seedling germination was stimulated by fire, but not dependent on it. Green turkey bush (Eremophila gilesii) was the only shrub species with >50% mortality across all sites. Combined with the rarity of fire events in the historical record, our results, particularly limited fire mortality and enhanced post-fire seedling recruitment, suggest that the role of fire in shaping vegetation structure in mulga-dominated communities has been overstated. The decoupling of fire and vegetation structure is consistent with emerging regional studies in low-productivity semiarid environments.
3
Greene, RSB. "Soil physical properties of three geomorphic zones in a semiarid mulga woodland." Soil Research 30, no. 1 (1992): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9920055.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Soil physical properties were measured in three contiguous geomorphic zones of a patterned sequence of alternating groves and intergroves in a semi-arid mulga (Acacia aneura) woodland : (1) a runoff zone of stony, severely sealed, surface soil, (2) an interception zone at the bottom of the runoff zone, and adjoining (3) a runon zone of mulga groves. Infiltration was measured in the field under unsaturated and saturated conditions using a disc permeameter at water supply potentials of -40 and +10 mm respectively. Under unsaturated flow conditions, there were no significant differences in the sorptivity, three-dimensional infiltration rate and hydraulic conductivity between the three zones. However, under saturated flow conditions, the soils in the mulga groves had infiltration rates 5-10 times higher than the soils in the runoff and interception zones. This difference was explained by the presence of stable macropores >0.75 mm diameter in the mulga grove soils. Surface soil (0-10 mm) aggregates from mulga groves were also particularly stable to rapid wetting, measured by wet-sieving. Volumetric water contents (measured over a range of matric potentials from 0 to -5.0 kPa) of the 0-50 mm layer of soil from the mulga grove and interception zone were significantly (P = 0.05) higher than the 0-50 mm layer from the runoff zone. Micromorphological and scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination indicated that the total porosity of the soil surface from the mulga groves and interception zones was greater than that of the runoff zones. Measurement of soil-water content following a major rainfall event indicated that water had flowed off the runoff zones and accumulated in the mulga groves. These findings are consistent with the higher herbage production and biotic activity that is found to occur in the mulga grove and interception zone compared with the runoff zone following adequate rainfall. They also reveal part of the delicate balance of runoff redistribution in grove/intergrove areas and the potential for management to alter this balance.
4
Brown, RF. "The growth and survival of young Mulga (Acacia aneura F. Muell) trees under different levels of grazing." Rangeland Journal 7, no. 2 (1985): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9850143.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The effects on the survival and growth of young mulga trees exposed to five levels of sheep graztng were monitored over bur years. The levels ranged from complete exclusion of domest~c stock to continuous grazing at a projected annual consumption rate of 20%, 35%, 50%, or 80% of the total available forage (grass, herbage, and accessible mulga leaf). Innially, all trees were less than 90 cm tall. Four years later, the ungrazed trees had more than doubled in he~ght whereas thegrazed trees were not significantly taller, irrespective of grazing intensity. Over 90% of the ungrazed trees had grown above the upper limit of sheep browsing (I20 cm) and their growth was considered unlikely to be prejudiced by subsequent grazing. Stem diameters nearly trebled in ungrazed mulga but much smaller Increases (averagmg25%) occurred in grazed plants. Overall, 36% of the young trees died. Most deaths occurred during the winter of 1980 and summer of 1982183 after protracted periods of dry weather. Grazing had little or no e,ffect on death rates. Even the lightest grazing arrested mulga growth and prevented the transition from low mulga to the tailer forms used for drought feeding. This is discussed as a possible cause of reported declines in drought reserves of mulga. The results of this study illustrate the need to ensure that grazing strategy is compatible with uninterrupted replacement of umbrella mulga (5-8 m high) cut for drought fodder.
5
Recher, Harry F., and William E. Davis Jr. "Foraging Ecology of a Mulga Bird Community." Wildlife Research 24, no. 1 (1997): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr96052.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mulga is a distinctive woodland or shrub community with a wide distribution across the semi-arid zone of southern and central Australia. Mulga (Acacia aneura) is the dominant shrub and small tree, but other species of Acacia are common. Typical of Australian habitats in the arid zone, mulga has a core of resident bird species that is augmented by nomadic (opportunistic) species when conditions are favourable. This paper describes the foraging behaviour and habitat use of a mulga avifauna in the vicinity of Alice Springs during late winter, when many opportunistic species were present. Data were obtained for 24 species, of which 16 were confirmed as nesting. Many birds, regardless of their normal foraging habits, converged on a common food resource: a geometrid moth (Geometridae) that was abundant on mulga plants. Despite their use of a common food resource, species differed in their foraging behaviour, proportions of different substrates used, and foraging heights. Ground-foraging species dominated the avifauna, but in most respects the guild structure of the community was a scaled-down version of Eucalyptus forest avifaunas. Differences in guild structure between mulga and eucalypt forest are best explained by differences between the two habitats in the kinds of resources (e.g. foraging substrates, types of food) that are available.
6
Dalal, R. C., B. P. Harms, E. Krull, W. J. Wang, and N. J. Mathers. "Total soil organic matter and its labile pools following mulga (Acacia aneura) clearing for pasture development and cropping. 2. Total and labile nitrogen." Soil Research 43, no. 2 (2005): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr04076.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mulga (Acacia aneura) woodlands and open forests occupy about 150 Mha in Australia, and originally occupied 11.2 Mha in Queensland. Substantial areas (1.3 Mha) of the mulga vegetation have been cleared in Queensland, mostly for pasture production, but some areas are also used for cereal cropping. Twenty years after mulga clearing we found a significant loss of total soil organic C (28–35% from the 0–0.05 m depth) and light fraction C (>50% from the 0–1 m depth) from soil under pasture and cropping at a site in southern Queensland. We report here the changes in soil N and labile N pools in a paired-site study following conversion of mulga to buffel pasture (Cenchrus ciliaris) and cereal (mostly wheat) cropping for more than 20 years. Conversion from mulga forest to pasture and cultivation resulted in greater losses of soil N than organic C in the top 0.1 m depths. As a result, C/N ratios in soil under both pasture and cropping were higher than soil under mulga, indicating a decline in soil organic matter quality after mulga clearing. Although land-use change had no significant effect on 15N natural abundance (δ15N) values of total soil N down to a depth of 1 m, δ15N values of wheat tops and roots indicated that the primary source of N under cropping was soil organic N, while that of buffel pasture was a mixed source of soil N and decomposed litter and root N. Light fraction N (<1.6 Mg/m3) declined by 60–70% throughout the 1 m soil profile under pasture and cropping, but it was 15N-enriched in these 2 land-use systems. The δ15N values of mulga phyllodes, twigs, and fine roots, indicated an input of atmospheric fixed N2 that was estimated to be about 25 kg N/ha.year. However, the source and magnitude of this N resource needs to be confirmed. Soil N losses were estimated to be 12 kg N/ha.year under pasture and 17 kg N/ha.year under cropping over a 20-year period. These findings raise the issue of the long-term sustainable use of cleared mulga areas for pasture and/or cropping. The labile C and N pools and N mineralised also declined, which would have an immediate adverse effect on soil fertility and plant productivity of cleared Mulga Lands, as well as reducing their potential as a soil sink for greenhouse gases.
7
Lauerer, Marianne, Dean Nicolle, Malcolm French, Annett Börner, Gregor Aas, and Ernst-Detlef Schulze. "Marri, Mallee, Mulga: Pflanzenvielfalt Westaustraliens." Der Palmengarten 75, no. 1 (June 30, 2011): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/palmengarten.110.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Westaustralien ist einer der „Hot Spots“ der Biodiversität der Erde. Es beherbergt über 10 000 Pflanzenarten, darunter viele endemische. Von besonderer Bedeutung für diese Region sind Eukalypten, zu denen neben der bekannten Gattung Eucalyptus auch Corymbia gehört, die erst in jüngerer Zeit als eigene Gattung von Eucalyptus abgetrennt wurde. Dargestellt werden verschiedene von Eukalypten dominierte Vegetationstypen Westaustraliens, ferner die küstennahen Banksia-Heidegebüsche im Südwesten, Acacia-Buschländer und die halbimmergrünen Trockenwälder und Savannen der Kimberleys.
8
Nicholas, Anstee M. M., Donald C. Franklin, and David M. J. S. Bowman. "Coexistence of shrubs and grass in a semi-arid landscape: a case study of mulga (Acacia aneura, Mimosaceae) shrublands embedded in fire-prone spinifex (Triodia pungens, Poaceae) hummock grasslands." Australian Journal of Botany 57, no. 5 (2009): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt07157.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The persistence of relatively fire-sensitive mulga (Acacia aneura F.Muell. ex Benth., Mimosaceae) shrublands within a landscape matrix of highly flammable spinifex (Triodia spp. R.Br., Poaceae) hummock grassland is a central question in the ecology of semiarid Australia. It is also a special case of questions about the coexistence of grasses and woody plants that have general application in semiarid rangelands and tropical savannas. With the use of field surveys and a 24-year fire history, we examined their coexistence on a sandplain in the Tanami Desert, Northern Territory, Australia. Mulga and spinifex each formed discrete monodominant stands with generally abrupt boundaries that did not correspond to obvious edaphic or topographic discontinuities. Spinifex hummock grasslands burnt almost three times as often as mulga shrublands and tended to occur on lighter soils with less biological crusting and more physical soil crusting. A combination of fire and soil variables described the environmental partitioning better than did either alone. Biological crusting increased with time since fire in both vegetation types. The demographic structure of mulga stands reflected their fire history, the more frequently burnt stands comprising almost entirely small plants. One fifth of mulga plants <0.5 m tall were resprouts. Our data provide support for the hypothesis that abrupt boundaries between mulga shrublands and spinifex hummock grasslands can be generated across diffuse environmental gradients by fire–soil–vegetation feedback loops. The oft-severe demographic impact of fire on mulga that is burnt raises questions about the appropriateness of frequent intense fires in this landscape.
9
Dalal, R. C., B. P. Harms, E. Krull, and W. J. Wang. "Total soil organic matter and its labile pools following mulga (Acacia aneura) clearing for pasture development and cropping 1. Total and labile carbon." Soil Research 43, no. 1 (2005): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr04044.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mulga (Acacia aneura) dominated vegetation originally occupied 11.2 Mha in Queensland, of which 12% has been cleared, mostly for pasture production, but some areas are also used for cereal cropping. Since mulga communities generally occupy fragile soils, mostly Kandosols and Tenosols, in semi-arid environments, clearing of mulga, which continues at a rate of at least 35 000 ha/year in Queensland, has considerable impact on soil organic carbon (C), and may also have implications for the greenhouse gas emissions associated with land use change in Australia. We report here the changes in soil C and labile C pools following mulga clearing to buffel pasture (Cenchrus ciliaris) and cereal (mostly wheat) cropping for 20 years in a study using paired sites. Soil organic C in the top 0.05 m of soil declined by 31% and 35% under buffel pasture and cropping, respectively. Land use change from mulga to buffel and cropping led to declines in soil organic C of 2.4 and 4.7 t/ha, respectively, from the top 0.3 m of soil. Using changes in the δ13C values of soil organic C as an approximate representation of C derived from C3 and C4 vegetation from mulga and buffel, respectively, up to 31% of soil C was C4-derived after 20 years of buffel pasture. The turnover rates of mulga-derived soil C ranged from 0.035/year in the 0–0.05 m depth to 0.008/year in the 0.6–1 m depths, with respective turnover times of 29 and 133 years. Soil organic matter quality, as measured by the proportion/amount of labile fraction C (light fraction, < 1.6 t/m3) declined by 55% throughout the soil profile (0–1 m depth) under both pasture and cropping. There is immediate concern for the long-term sustainable use of land where mulga has been cleared for pasture and/or cropping with a continuing decline in soil organic matter quality and, hence, soil fertility and biomass productivity. In addition, the removal of mulga forest over a 20-year period in Queensland for pasture and cropping may have contributed to the atmosphere at least 12 Mt CO2-equivalents.
10
McMeniman, NP, IF Beale, and GM Murphy. "Nutritional evaluation of south-west Queensland pastures. 1. The botanical and nutrient content of diets selected by sheep grazing on Mitchell grass and mulga/grassland associations." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 37, no. 3 (1986): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9860289.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The botanical composition and nutrient content of diets selected by sheep grazing Mitchell grass (Astrebla spp.) and mulga (Acacia aneura)/grassland pastures in south-west Queensland were studied during a four-year period. Forbs, when present in the sward, contributed significantly to the diets on both grassland types. Under drought conditions grasses were the major components of the diets of sheep grazing Mitchell grassland pastures, while under similar conditions on the mulga/grassland pastures at least 35% of the diet was mulga (Acacia aneura); some mulga was present in the diet at all times. In general, the nutrient content of the green leaves of grasses and forbs growing on the mulga/ grassland association was similar, whereas on the Mitchell grass association green forbs had a higher nutrient concentration than did the leaves of green grasses. Both the grasses and forbs on the mulga/ grassland site had lower P and sodium concentrations than those on the Mitchell grassland site. When seasonal conditions were average to good the concentrations of all nutrients in the diets of sheep grazing the Mitchell grass association were judged to be adequate. However, when the pastures dried out the diets contained low concentrations of N (7.0 g/kg DM), P (0.9 g/kg DM), sodium (O.lg/kg DM) and copper (3.8 mg/kg DM). On the mulga/grassland site dietary concentrations of P and sodium were low at all times and under drought conditions the N:S ratio fell to 16.8:1. The concentrations of other nutrients in the diets were high enough to provide the sheep's theoretical requirements at all times.
Дисертації з теми "Mulga"
1
Kingston, Mark B. "Riparian and Upslope Influences on the Regional Avifauna of the Semi-Arid Mulga Lands of South West Queensland." Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367637.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Riparian areas have been widely recognised by wildlife biologists as a critically important and functionally dominant component of terrestrial landscapes. This viewpoint has its genesis in high concentrations of species and individuals across a wide range of environments and strong interactions between riparian areas and the surrounding landscape. Despite major concerns regarding conservation management in the Australian arid zone, few studies have specifically examined the importance of riparian areas to the terrestrial bird fauna of arid and semi-arid Australia. This research aimed to examine the role of riparian areas in sustaining regional assemblages of terrestrial birds within the Australian arid zone. More specifically I asked: 1. How do riparian and upslope arid zone bird assemblages differ and to what extent are they interrelated? 2. Do these inter-relationships vary temporally with season, rainfall and year? 3. To what extent does surface water influence riparian and upslope bird assemblages?
This study was carried out in semi-arid Mulga Lands bioregion of south west Queensland (c. 181000 km2) where bird densities, species richness and composition were compared among 124 sites which were distributed throughout the bioregion and surveyed over two seasons (summer, winter) and two years (1997, 1998). El Niño-related drought conditions prevailed over both seasons during 1997 but not 1998. Monthly rainfall was not dependent on either season or year. The extent to which the availability of surface water in these areas also influences terrestrial birds was investigated by comparing bird abundance, diversity and species composition at riparian and upslope sites, with and without permanent water. Upslope sites with permanent water were modelled using artesian bore drains. Overall bird densities were twice as high in riparian areas as upslope habitats but about 20% more species were found in upslope habitats. The estimation of species richness in circumstances where there are major differences in abundance emerged as an important issue for riparian-upslope comparisons. Riparian areas were also characterised by higher levels of species dominance and similarity in species composition than upslope areas. Riparian-preferring species accounted for 68% of total bird abundance and many were common in the surrounding landscape. Similarly, many upslope-preferring species were common in riparian areas. The number of species shared between riparian and upslope areas was maximised at riparian sites with permanent water, implying that these areas were of near-universal advantage. These results suggested that riparian habitats of the Mulga Lands exert a fundamental influence on the entire terrestrial avifauna and are therefore important centres of avian biodiversity. Despite high levels of climatic variation but only slight seasonal differences in mean rainfall and plant growth response, I observed a strong summer increase in species richness (overall and among many functional groups) but not in overall abundance. Fewer individuals and species were observed during the drought conditions of 1997. About half of the species (21 of 41) that could be individually categorised showed seasonal or inter-annual differences in occurrence, suggesting extensive inter-bioregional movements. Riparian usage was generally higher during periods of low monthly rainfall, but it was complicated by riparian interactions. Insectivores that forage mainly in the upper stratum, and seed-eaters such as pigeons, parrots and cockatoos, made greater use of riparian areas as rainfall declined, whereas the number of low-feeding insectivore species increased in riparian areas with increasing rainfall. Overall riparian usage was also higher during drought, but not necessarily summer. Species composition was strongly influenced by season, year and rainfall, and there were strong species composition linkages between riparian and upslope bird communities. These results support the proposition that riparian areas have an important if not crucial role in sustaining bird populations, not only during prolonged drought as refuge habitat, but also over much smaller time scales. Birds also responded strongly to the presence of surface water. The relative strength of the effects of riparian status and water availability were similar for most species and functional groups, although where differences were detected all favoured the effect of riparian status. Most species and functional groups showed specialised preferences for specific combinations of riparian status and water availability rather than generalised responses to either or both. Most displayed a dominant preference for riparian or upslope habitats and preferentially sought to meet their need for water within these areas. Because of the specialised responses, the presence of permanent water could only partially explain differences in bird assemblages between riparian and upslope sites. A significant role for higher productivity and/or structural complexity in riparian areas was suggested by strong associations between riparian status and vegetation structure that were only weakly related to the presence of surface water. Small insectivorous passerines, many of which are already uncommon or declining in other bioregions, appear most vulnerable to the planned closure of bore drains. This study suggests that, as far as the Mulga Land birds are concerned, the bird communities of riparian and upslope components of the landscape are functionally interrelated. This is despite strong structural and floristic differences in habitat, and the fact that many bird species show distinct preferences for one habitat or the other. Almost all terrestrial species were found in both the riparian and upslope habitats, although their use appeared to be strongly related to spatial and temporal variations in resource availability. As most birds are capable fliers, and changes in relative abundance were rapid, these patterns are likely to more strongly reflect movement between habitats (and in some cases, bioregions), than differences in recruitment and mortality. In fluctuating and unpredictable environments the ability to move between habitats may be an important adaptive strategy to dampen spatial and temporal variations in resources and facilitate species persistence. The overall picture is one of a shared and responsive avifauna. As many of the specific responses observed in this study appeared to be a predictable outcome of spatial variations in productive potential and temporal variations in resource availability, a conceptual model was proposed to explain spatio-temporal variations in terrestrial bird community organization in the Australian arid zone. The model establishes a graphical response domain, defined by a spatial axis that represents long-term cumulative outcomes of prevailing spatial and temporal productive processes (e.g. spatial variation in nutrient status, soil moisture and vegetation biomass) and a temporal axis that represents short-term availability of productive resources (e.g. rainfall). Within this domain, individual response surfaces were proposed to predict relative site-based differences in overall bird abundance, dominance, species richness, and inter-habitat movement. In addition to responses at average levels of resource availability, the response domain was also used to consider how birds might vary their use of the landscape under two extremes of environmental variability, drought and production pulses after extensive rainfall. The model may also predict assemblage differences in other biomes.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Australian Environmental Studies
Full Text
2
Davies, Muriel. "Mulga (Acacia Aneura F. Muell. Ex Benth.) death adjacent to haul roads in the north-eastern Goldfields, Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2010. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1876.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis examines the death of mulga (Acacia aneura) adjacent to a mine haul road in the north-eastern Goldfields of Western Australia. The death of trees along roadsides in the arid and semi-arid regions of Australia is often referred to as a ‘road shadow effect’ and is thought to occur because of sheetflow blockage. As sheetflow redistributes water across the land surface (rather than into channels) any impediment to flow is likely to have consequences for vegetation downslope of the impediment. The study was important as many mining companies in semi-arid Western Australia have reported tree deaths along their mine haul roadsides and the problem has also been identified across other areas of Western Australia including grazing land and road verges.
The haul roads at many mines are watered to suppress dust and the water is often hypersaline. This study compared vegetation and soil parameters at sites up and downslope of both the haul (treated) and control roads to ascertain whether factors additional to sheetflow contributed to roadside tree deaths. At each site, a series of adjoining quadrats was established perpendicular to the road. The data collected at each site was analysed on a quadrat by quadrat basis to establish trends with increasing distance from the road edge. Where possible analysis techniques which could test for differences between control and treated sites or upslope and downslope sites and the interaction between sites were used as this would address the aims of the study. If data were normally distributed either two-way Analysis of Variance or t-tests were carried out and where data were not normally distributed the non-parametric Mann Whitney Utest was performed.
The significant differences noted in several vegetation parameters between up and downslope sides of both the control and treated roads provided a good argument for road presence leading to road shadow effect. These differences included a greater proportion of dead and recently dead trees and a greater reduction in canopy fullness for living trees on the downslope sides of the roads. The presence of roads and the associated interruption in sheetflow water movement have contributed to the decline and eventually death of some mulga trees. However, the downslope side of the treated road often showed much greater differences for the parameters measured when compared with the control road. The results show that there was an interactive effect between salt water treatment and roadside and a strong to modest positive relationship between soil salt levels and tree health in close proximity to roadsides. At the haul road, the addition of hypersaline water as a dust suppressant exacerbated the decline and death of mulga trees downslope as well as having an influence on the trees upslope.
Road location in the landscape strongly influences the type of interactions between roads and pathways of water movement. The roads monitored for this study mostly acted as a barrier to sheet water flow which resulted in a drought situation for mulga located on the downslope roadside and lead to their eventual decline or death. Road designs incorporating culverts or under road drainage systems are widely suggested for areas of mulga dependent on sheetflow however, their effectiveness requires further study. On occasion the haul road also acted as a source of water which had been contaminated with excess salts that accumulated during road watering for dust suppression. This resulted in an alteration of the surface soil salinity along the haul roadside and further exacerbated the effect of the altered hydrological regime. While dust suppression on mine haul roads is essential for a variety of reasons a product other than hypersaline water is highly recommended.
3
Cowley, Robyn Anne. "The effect of changing water distribution from linear to point source on vegetation and soil following piping of an artesian bore in a semi-arid mulga paddock /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16636.pdf.
Повний текст джерела
4
Griepentrog, Martin Raddatz Klaus Meyer Katharina E. "Mulva /." Mainz : von Zabern, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016661015&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Повний текст джерела
5
Kokko, T. (Tiia). "”Mulla meni varmaan pointti ohi nyt kokonaan?”:mulla-konstruktion semanttista tarkastelua." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2019. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201904091446.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tiivistelmä. Tutkin pro gradu -tutkielmassani puhekielen MULLA-konstruktiota. MULLA-konstruktioksi olen nimennyt lauserakenteen, jossa esiintyy puhekielinen adessiivimuotoinen yksikön ensimmäisen persoonan pronomini mulla (mull tai mul) jossain muussa kuin varsinaisessa omistuslauseessa. Tarkastelen konstruktion toteutumia suhteessa yleiskieleen, ja esitän niille funktionaalisia vastineita. Vertailen funktionaalisten vastakappaleiden merkitystä ja käyttöä. Aineistoni kattaa 300 MULLA-konstruktion toteutumaa, jotka olen kerännyt Korp-korpuksen Suomi24-internetkeskusteluaineistojen osakorpuksesta. Työni teoreettisen viitekehyksen muodostavat kognitiivinen semantiikka ja konstruktiokielioppi.
Työni tarkoituksena on ollut selvittää, millaisia asiaintiloja MULLA-konstruktiolla kuvataan sekä millaisia habitiivisia ja lokatiivisia ominaisuuksia niihin liittyy. Tutkimustulosteni mukaan MULLA-konstruktiota esiintyy genetiivin, partitiivin, ablatiivin ja allatiivin funktiossa. Kieliopillisista sijoista genetiivin funktiossa se vastaa muun muassa substantiivin etumääritettä ja nesessiivirakenteen subjektia. Partitiivin funktiossa sitä esiintyy erityisesti tunnekausatiivilauseissa. Semanttisista sijoista mulla-adessiivi vastaa niin erosijaista ablatiivia kuin tulosijaista allatiivia, jolloin merkitysero painottuu etenkin sijojen suuntaisuuteen. Mulla-adessiivi onkin ablatiivin funktiossa etenkin monissa menettämistä ilmaisevissa rakenteissa. Allatiivin funktiossa puhuja on yleensä tapahtuman kokija. Mulla-adessiivi kuvaa usein ihmisen fysikaalisia ominaisuuksia, kuten loukkaantumista tai toimenpidettä sekä ablatiivin että allatiivin funktiossa.
Kiinnostavaa on ollut havaita, että MULLA-konstruktio ilmaisee sijafunktion lisäksi ’kohdalla’-olemista, eli se viittaa puhujan omaan kokemukseen asiasta. Lisäksi konstruktio yhdistyy eritoten omistusrakenteen ekspansiivisuuteen. MULLA-konstruktiolla on sekä habitiivista että lokatiivista käyttöä. Lokatiivitapauksia yhdistää muun muassa se, etteivät lauseen tapahtumat ole puhujan itsensä aiheuttamia. Konkreettisesti lokatiivi tarkoittaa puhujan kotia ja abstraktimmin puhujan omaa tilaa. Lokatiiveja on selvästi enemmän kuin habitiiveja, joten MULLA-konstruktio on osoittanut puhujan ennen kaikkea paikaksi.
6
Valle, Carla Maria Krieger de. "S?mula vinculante." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2009. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/4078.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:33:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
419136.pdf: 1070134 bytes, checksum: 68bfd198d1dbf8ee5d702f997adee498 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2009-08-19A proposta do presente trabalho ? analisar, atrav?s de pesquisa doutrin?ria, o instituto da s?mula vinculante. Comp?e-se de seis cap?tulos, entre estes a Introdu??o. O cap?tulo primeiro aponta as bases cient?ficas para o ideal de uniformiza??o da jurisprud?ncia, contribuindo para tal a capacidade do ser humano de sentir e interpretar fatos e leis que guardam estreita rela??o com dados biogr?ficos do int?rprete. A base constitucional tamb?m foi devidamente analisada porquanto uma das vertentes da igualdade material ? a realiza??o da isonomia na aplica??o das normas. O cap?tulo segundo trata da natureza jur?dica do precedente judicial e aborda a fun??o criativa ou apenas declarativa dos precedentes. Neste cap?tulo ? feita uma an?lise da evolu??o hist?rica da uniformiza??o da jurisprud?ncia demonstrando que o ideal de tornar a jurisprud?ncia um s? corpo vem desde o Brasil imperial. Faz parte do cap?tulo terceiro a classifica??o dos precedentes judiciais em rela??o a sua obrigatoriedade. Os fatores que determinam o grau de persuas?o tamb?m foram abordados assim como os fundamentos para o efeito vinculativo. O cap?tulo quarto contemplou o estudo da organiza??o judici?ria inglesa e americana e a aplica??o dos precedentes nesse sistema jur?dico. A s?mula ordin?ria, uniformiza??o de jurisprud?ncia e s?mula impeditiva de recursos comp?s a an?lise feita no cap?tulo quinto. Seguiu-se no cap?tulo sexto pesquisa sobre os precedentes obrigat?rios no direito brasileiro, entre os quais a s?mula vinculante e tudo que com o instituto se relaciona. Importante ressaltar a pesquisa sobre a possibilidade de reclama??o em caso de descumprimento haja vista a necess?ria exist?ncia de instituto que objetive coibir a desobedi?ncia ? s?mula vinculante.
7
Marzagão, Newton Coca Bastos. "A multa (astreintes) na tutela específica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-12022014-110131/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ancorados no princípio nemo ad factum praecise cogi potest e limitados pela completa ineficácia das ferramentas processuais disponibilizadas, nossos Tribunais vinham ofertando à parte prejudicada com o descumprimento de uma obrigação de fazer, não fazer ou entregar coisa apenas o equivalente pecuniário da prestação inadimplida. A percepção de que a via indenizatória nem sempre repararia de forma integral os danos experimentados e a conscientização de que o uso de meio coercitivo indireto para o desempenho da obrigação anteriormente assumida não caracterizaria ofensa à liberdade individual (entre tantos outros fatores) fizeram com que esse quadro começasse a ser contestado. Atendendo a reivindicação da doutrina, o legislador empreendeu uma série de reformas no Código de Processo Civil, quebrando o paradigma: a tutela específica passou a ocupar o lugar de primazia que vinha sendo indevidamente ocupado pelo sucedâneo indenizatório. O presente estudo se dedica a examinar a principal ferramenta processual utilizada para a obtenção da tutela específica em juízo: as astreintes. São analisados, neste trabalho, os antecedentes históricos da tutela específica e dos meios de coerção nos sistemas romano e lusitano e no próprio direito pátrio bem como os institutos assemelhados à multa coercitiva brasileira no direito francês e anglo-saxão. Com base nessa retrospectiva histórica e tendo em conta os institutos do direito comparado, o estudo define a natureza, função e campo de incidência das astreintes. Após, abordam-se temas polêmicos em torno da aplicabilidade da multa coercitiva: possibilidade de cumulação com outras formas de coerções/sanções, periodicidade e valor inicial, termo a quo e ad quem, existência ou não de limitação legal ou principiológica para o montante final, a possibilidade da alteração de seu valor e a questão do enriquecimento sem causa do credor. Por fim, é tratada a execução da multa coercitiva. Tudo para demonstrar que, a despeito da falta de regramento detalhado e das várias divergências doutrinárias e jurisprudenciais que daí advém, as astreintes se mostram como a mais efetiva ferramenta para a obtenção da tutela específica em juízo - tendência do processo civil contemporâneo.Based on the principle of nemo ad factum praecise cogi potest and restrained by the total inefficacy of the available procedural tools, our Courts have been granting to the party affected by an obligation of specific performance only the pecuniary equivalent of the defaulted service provision. Such scenario started to be challenged upon the perception that the indemnity path would not always fully repair the damages suffered and in view of the awareness that the use of an indirect coercive means for the previously undertaken obligation to be fulfilled would not qualify as offense to the individual freedom (among many other factors). In response to the doctrine\'s claims, the lawmaker made a number of amendments to the Code of Civil Procedure, overturning the paradigm: the specific relief was given the primacy that had been unduly given to the indemnity substitute. This paper examines the main procedural tool used to obtain the specific relief in court: the daily fines. This paper analyzes the historical precedents of the specific relief and the coercive means in the Roman and Portuguese system and in Brazilian law, as well as the institutions similar to the Brazilian coercive fine in the French and Anglo-Saxon laws. Based on such historical review and considering the institutions in comparative law, the study defines the nature, function and coverage of the daily fines. It further addresses controversial issues revolving around the applicability of the coercive fine: possibility of accumulation with other types of coercion / sanctions, periodicity and initial value, term a quo and ad quem, existence or not of limitation for the final amount, arising from law or principle, possibility of changing its value and the issue of creditor\'s enrichment without cause. Finally, this paper addresses the execution of the coercive fine. The aim is to show that, in spite of the fact that there is not a detailed ruling and that several doctrine and jurisprudence controversies arise from it, the daily fines are the most effective tool to obtain the specific relief in court - a trend in contemporaneous civil procedure.
8
Andrade, Eduardo de. "A multa qualificada na legislação tributária federal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2133/tde-16092016-115553/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Questo lavoro ha avuto come obbiettivo lo studio della multa qualificata prevista dalla legislazione tributaria federale e così pure le ipotesi in cui essa si applica. Il primo capitolo prende in esame le sanzioni. Si compie uno studio storico dell´evoluzione delle pene nel diritto penale, al quale segue un approccio sul concetto di pena e delle sue finalità, anche in una esposizione caratterizzata da riferimenti storici. In seguito sono trattate le sanzioni civili, mettendo in evidenza le differenze tra queste e le sanzioni penali. Infine lo studio esplora le sanzioni amministrative, soffermandosi sul concetto di sanzione amministrativa, e le fattispecie applicate. Nel secolo capitolo viene fatto uno studio delle sanzioni tributarie ponendo l´accento su quelle applicate nel diritto tributario federale. Si analizzano, quindi, la sanzione esecutiva, la sanzione per mora nell´adempimento, come anche quelle che penalizzano condotte tipiche del diritto tributario, come l´inadempimento della prestazione tributaria principale e le circostanze che aggravano questa situazione (multa aggravata). Nel terzo capitolo viene fatta preliminarmente una introduzione sul concetto di illecito, con un succinto approccio sugli illeciti civili, penali, amministrativi e tributari. Si passa quindi a trattare dell´elemento soggettivo dell´infrazione tributaria qualificata, con enfasi sullo studio del dolo, cercando di mostrare le differenze tra questa figura, la simulazione e la frode. Si fa quindi uno studio comparativo tra il dolo penale e quello civile. Le circostanze caratterizzanti l´infrazione qualificata sono esaminate nel quarto capitolo. La simulazione è studiata sotto il prisma del diritto civile e tributário. Quando si tratta della frode, si approfondisce il concetto di frode penale e di frode civile, includendosi quello di frode alla legge; poi si esplorano, nello sviluppo dello studio, i concetti di elusione e evasione, il concetto di negozio giuridico indiretto, l´abuso del diritto, l´abuso di forma, l´abuso della personalità giuridica, e come questi istituti concorrano a configurare, nella legislazione tributaria federale, l´infrazione qualificata come frode. Nel quinto capitolo è analizzata la multa qualificata nel suo aspetto quantitativo e nelle peculiarità que caratterizzano il rapporto giuridico di natura obbligatoria che questa penalità rivela, offrendo una visione integrata della norma giuridica che la contiene.O objetivo este trabalho foi o estudo da multa qualificada prevista na legislação tributária federal bem como as hipóteses para sua aplicação. O primeiro capítulo aborda as sanções. É feito um estudo histórico da evolução das penas no direito penal, ao que se segue uma abordagem sobre o conceito de pena e de suas finalidades, também numa exposição pautada por ilustrações históricas. Posteriormente, são abordadas as sanções civis, ressaltando-se as diferenças entre elas e as sanções penais. Ao final, são estudadas as sanções administrativas, havendo estudo do conceito de sanção administrativa, e espécies tipicamente aplicadas. No segundo capítulo é feito um estudo das sanções tributárias com ênfase naquelas aplicadas no direito tributário federal. Analisam-se, então, a sanção executiva, a sanção por mora no adimplemento, bem como as que penalizam condutas típicas do direito tributário, como a inadimplência na prestação da obrigação tributária principal e as circunstâncias que agravam esta situação (multa agravada). No terceiro capítulo é preliminarmente feita uma introdução ao conceito de ilícito, sendo feita sucinta abordagem dos ilícitos civis, penais, administrativos e tributários. Passa-se, então a cuidar-se do elemento subjetivo da infração tributária qualificada, com ênfase no estudo do dolo, procurando-se apresentar as diferenças entre esta figura, a simulação e a fraude. É feito, ainda, um estudo comparativo do dolo penal e do dolo civil. As circunstâncias qualificativas da infração qualificada são apreciadas no quarto capítulo. A simulação é estudada sob o prisma do direito civil e tributário. Ao tratar da fraude, é feito estudo da fraude penal e da fraude civil, bem como de suas espécies mais conhecidas, incluindo-se a fraude à lei, abordando-se no transcorrer do texto os conceitos de elisão e evasão, o conceito de negócio jurídico indireto, abuso de direito, abuso de forma, abuso de personalidade jurídica e como tais institutos concorrem na configuração da infração qualificada por fraude na legislação tributária federal. No quinto capítulo é analisada a multa qualificada na sua configuração quantitativa e nas peculiaridades que marcam a relação jurídica obrigacional que esta penalidade revela, apresentando-se uma visão integrada da norma jurídica que a contém.
9
Piñeyrúa, Pilar. "Aproximación semio-discursiva a la murga uruguaya." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, 2002. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/2810.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La tesis estudia la murga uruguaya (género del carnaval) como un objeto semiótico o productor de significaciones sociales. Sus objetivos han sido:
– Realizar una descripción semiótica de la murga como expresión cultural, como espacio de comunicación y como formación discursiva, atendiendo a sus específicas formas de producción, circulación y reconocimiento.
– Establecer la presencia y circulación de diferentes discursos sociales en la representación murguera y delimitar la existencia de un "discurso carnavalero-murguero" específico, en tanto que formación discursiva con características propias.
– Establecer algunos elementos de transformación histórica de este género en la cultura popular, especialmente durante los últimos 30 años.Fil: Piñeyrúa, Pilar. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales.
10
Koca, Feray. "Urban Growth And Conservation Problematic In Mugla, Karabaglar." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12604706/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Karabaglar is a rural area where agricultural community lives and which locates in the vicinity of Mugla town. It was registered as third grade natural site that must be preserved according to its rural character, natural and cultural assets and rural life. Property pattern consisting of private ownerships (yurts), specific road network that emerges from irims and kesiks, traditional houses, variety of vegetation, abundant water, self-sufficient agricultural production, and traditional life style are the main features that create and shape Karabaglar.
Kesiks, irims, kabaliks, and yurts are the major man-made components, which are unique to Karabaglar, and these characteristics conform to the natural landscape structure.
Urban growth, interventions due to misuse of lands, new housing demands of urban residents in Karabaglar resulted in urban pressure on the area. This situation puts forth the conservation necessity of Karabaglar.
This research analyzes the speculative housing development in Karabaglar, identifies the type of interventions and their physical, social, economic and environmental effects on Karabaglarin addition, develops proposals for sustainability of the traditional pattern of Karabaglar.
Книги з теми "Mulga"
1
B, Paterson A. Mulga Bill's bicycle. Sydney: Angus & Robertson, 1991.
Знайти повний текст джерела
2
Read, Ian G. Outback Western Queensland: The eco-touring guide to the Channel Country, Corner Country, Cooper Creek, the Mulga Belt, and Mid-west Regions. Crows Nest, NSW: Little Hills Press, 1999.
Знайти повний текст джерела
3
Domingues, Mario. Musga. Primeiro de Maio, Paraná: Edições Mirabilia, 2010.
Знайти повний текст джерела
4
Gosvāmī, Aśokapurī. Muḷa. Āśī: Amana Prakāśana, 1990.
Знайти повний текст джерела
5
Latif, Subky. Mula-mula harakah, kini almanak. Gombak: Badan Perhubungan, PAS Wilayah Persekutuan, 2000.
Знайти повний текст джерела
6
Lakshmi, Yelamanchili Jhansi. Mūga mutyālu. Vijayavāḍa: Navōdaya Pabliṣars, 1987.
Знайти повний текст джерела
7
Chattarji, Sampurna. Mulla Nasruddin. Delhi: Puffin, 2008.
Знайти повний текст джерела
8
Chattopadhyay, Sharatchandra. Narir mulya. Calcutta: Aditya, 1990.
Знайти повний текст джерела
9
Costas, Montserrat. La murga. [Barcelona]: Lapislàtzuli Editorial, 2013.
Знайти повний текст джерела
10
Schatral, Andrea. Propagation of forest and heath understorey species.: Results of research carried out as MERIWA Project No. M148 at the Mulga Research Centre, School of Environmental Biology, Curtin University of Technology. East Perth, WA: Minerals and Energy Research Institute of Western Australia, 1993.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Mulga"
1
Babulal, A. A. Siddiqui, and S. Chouhan. "Muga Sericulture." In Industrial Entomology, 371–95. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3304-9_13.
Повний текст джерела
2
Capello, Maria Angela, and Hosnia S. Hashim. "Maha Mulla Hussain." In Learned in the Trenches, 49–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62822-6_4.
Повний текст джерела
3
Neftçi, Sinan, Cevdet Dengi, Cercis Ikiel, and Shahpour Thaerzadeh. "Mugla Tourism Information System." In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 1997, 160–68. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6848-6_17.
Повний текст джерела
4
Parıldar, Sümeyye. "Introduction." In Intentionality in Mulla Sadra, 1–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39884-2_1.
Повний текст джерела
5
Parıldar, Sümeyye. "Intentionality as Immateriality and Mullā Ṣadrā on the Soul." In Intentionality in Mulla Sadra, 21–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39884-2_2.
Повний текст джерела
6
Parıldar, Sümeyye. "Ontology of Intentionality and Primacy of Existence." In Intentionality in Mulla Sadra, 45–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39884-2_3.
Повний текст джерела
7
Parıldar, Sümeyye. "Linguistic and Logical Discussions on Existence." In Intentionality in Mulla Sadra, 75–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39884-2_4.
Повний текст джерела
8
Parıldar, Sümeyye. "Sense Perception as Intentional." In Intentionality in Mulla Sadra, 107–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39884-2_5.
Повний текст джерела
9
A’Awani, Gholam Reza. "Intentionality in Husserl and Mulla Sadra." In The Passions of the Soul in the Metamorphosis of Becoming, 101–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0229-4_8.
Повний текст джерела
10
Khamenei, Sayyid Muhammad. "Phenomenology of Soul in Mulla Sadra’s School." In The Passions of the Soul in the Metamorphosis of Becoming, 17–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0229-4_2.
Повний текст джерелаТези доповідей конференцій з теми "Mulga"
1
Urosevic, M., S. Ziramov, and X. Moreau. "The First Experimental Seismic Investigation over Prospective Uranium Deposits at Mulga Rock, Western Australia." In Near Surface Geoscience 2016 - First Conference on Geophysics for Mineral Exploration and Mining. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201602128.
Повний текст джерела
2
Gao, Jiang (John), and Jia-Yu (Tim) Pan. "MULEA'19." In MM '19: The 27th ACM International Conference on Multimedia. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3343031.3350558.
Повний текст джерела
3
Manso, António Manuel R., and Luís Miguel P. Correia. "MuGA." In the 13th annual conference companion. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2001858.2002093.
Повний текст джерела
4
Collado-Espejo, Pedro Enrique, Juan Fernández-del-Toro, Josefina García-León, and Vincenzina La-Spina. "Análisis integral, reconstrucción 3D y propuesta de musealización de la muralla medieval de Mula (Región de Murcia, España)." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11433.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Integral analysis, 3D reconstruction and proposed musealization of the medieval wall of Mula (Region of Murcia, Spain)The city of Mula (Region of Murcia, Spain), still retains important canvases of the medieval wall of the three enclosures (Alcazaba, Albacar and Medina) that shaped the urban layout from the twelfth century (Muslim domain), until the end of the fifteenth century (Christian Reconquest). Currently, the Albacar site is the most complete. On the Islamic Alcazaba was built, in the sixteenth century, the Castle and the wall of the Medina, only a few sections remain. Until now, the medieval wall was a great unknown. The historical landmark of the city has always been the castle. The communication focuses on exposing the exhaustive historical analysis, material, constructive and the state of conservation carried out of the medieval wall of Mula and, especially, of Albacar (the best preserved site). In addition, there has been a virtual volumetric recomposition, in 3D, of the entire Islamic walled complex (walls, towers, entrance doors to the Medina and cistern of Albacar). Also, the musealization of the Albacar site and the recovery of the volume of the cistern has been projected. This work is contributing to the recognition and social awareness of the heritage importance of the Islamic walls of Mula, being a guarantee for its restoration and conservation as a cultural reference of the city.
5
Ginting, Nurlisa, and Eric Yohanta. "Study on Attraction Elements based on Environment at the Village of Sianjur Mula-Mula." In International Conference on Natural Resources and Sustainable Development. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009902200002480.
Повний текст джерела
6
Zapata Parra, José Antonio. "El castillo de Mula (1520-2020). Historia de la construcción de una fortaleza renacentista." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11355.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The castle of Mula (1520-2020). History of the construction of a Renaissance fortressFive hundred years after the construction of the castle of Mula, which was ordered to build the I Marqués de los Vélez, Pedro Fajardo Chacón, as a result of his expulsion from the town during the communal uprisings of the kingdom of Murcia. The fortress, a work of masonry, built on the old Andalusian citadel, has a novel construction in the southeast of the peninsular from the point of view of the multi-aesthetic. The conservation of documentation related to its construction between 1520 and 1531, allows us to approach the work of the stonecutters and master gunners.
7
Pramusinto, Singgih, Suyanto, and Edy Tri Sulistyo. "Karawitan Art Learning Strategy in SLB Panca Bakti Mulia." In 4th International Conference on Arts Language and Culture (ICALC 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200323.011.
Повний текст джерела
8
Busuladžić, Ahmed. "ZAKONSKA REGULATIVA O ZBRINJAVANJU MULJA SA PPOV-A U FBIH." In GEO-EXPO. Društvo za geotehniku u Bosni i Hercegovini, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35123/geo-expo_2016_6.
Повний текст джерела
9
Hateriah, Hateriah, and Esti Yuandari. "Factors That Influence Nurse Turnover Intention In Sari Mulia Banjarmasin Hospital." In Proceedings of the First National Seminar Universitas Sari Mulia, NS-UNISM 2019, 23rd November 2019, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.23-11-2019.2298360.
Повний текст джерела
10
"MuLSA: Multi-Layered Scenario Analysis for an Advanced Driver Assistance System." In International Conference on Software Engineering and Applications. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004449500830091.
Повний текст джерелаЗвіти організацій з теми "Mulga"
1
Banco de germoplasma porcino cerdo casco de mula. Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.video.2013.9.
Повний текст джерела