Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Mobile broadband network"

Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями

Оберіть тип джерела:

Ознайомтеся зі списками актуальних статей, книг, дисертацій, тез та інших наукових джерел на тему "Mobile broadband network".

Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.

Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.

Статті в журналах з теми "Mobile broadband network"

1

Huo, Long She, and Long Zhang. "The Integration of Mobile Internet and Broadband Network Based on ID/Locator Separation." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 898–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.898.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
New broadband mobile IP bearing network technologies based on ID/Locator separation solve the four questions security, mobility, routing scalability and network integration. As the main direction of mobile Internet and telecom broadband network integration, the research of the overall architecture and key evaluation methods of the mobile Internet and broadband network integration is used to guide other research directions. This article reviews the related studies of the integration and evolution, as well as the related key technologies and new equipment/system, to development the application platform and construction to complete scientific research achievements of the ground and presentation.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
2

Umoh, V. B., U. S. Ukommi, and U. M. Ekpe. "A comparative study of user experienced mobile broadband performance." Nigerian Journal of Technology 41, no. 3 (November 2, 2022): 560–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v41i3.16.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Even though the proliferation of handheld mobile communication devices has deepened Internet and broadband penetration in Nigeria, users of such services may not have detailed quantitative performance comparison between the services provided by different network operators. The study here reported is therefore an attempt to bridge the information gap. A measurement testbed based on the Raspberry Pi platform was developed to autonomously measure the mobile broadband performance of third generation (3G) and fourth generation (4G) broadband networks of the four major mobile network operators in the country. Under static access conditions, the system was set up to measure the upload throughput, download throughput and latency from a user-centric perspective. The measurements were taken by simultaneously sampling the networks of four mobile broadband service providers (9Mobile, Airtel, Globacom and MTN) over a period of three weeks in the city of Uyo, Nigeria. The results obtained revealed that Airtel achieved the highest peak download rate for 3G throughput, and this was only 1.41 Mbps higher than the least performing MNO. Also, it was found that MTN’s download rate peaked at 35.06 Mbps, and this was over 300% of the rate achieved by the fourth rated network in terms of the 4G download throughput metric. The measurement results also revealed that peak usage periods, defined as the hours between 7pm and 11pm, witnessed higher variability in throughput rates than other periods.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
3

Wang, Hao, and Hui Min Li. "Research on Cognition of Heterogeneous Wireless Networks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 685 (October 2014): 595–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.685.595.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
With the broadband development of mobile network and the mobility development of broadband networks, all-IP based heterogeneous networks coexistence and integration is becoming an important feature of next generation wireless networks.This Paper firstly summarized the evolution and development tendency of heterogeneous wireless networks, then introduced and analyzed the cognitive radio and cognitive network technologies. Also the difficult Problems for future cognitive heterogeneous networks were also addressed on.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
4

Ilcev, Stojce Dimov. "Introduction to inmarsat broadband global area network for mobile backbone networks." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 9, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 843–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v9i2.2136.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
In this paper is introduced the Inmarsat Global Area Network (GAN) as backbone to mobile networks. At the end of 2005 Inmarsat launched its BGAN service as the first high speed wireless data solutions with voice available on a global basis. The service is accessed through a portable, broadband satellite transceiver with antenna easy to carry as a laptop. The BGAN network consists constellation of Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) I-4 and I-5 satellites with an optimized ground network, which interconnects variety of terrestrial infrastructures at local BGAN users. This system employs bandwidth efficient modulation and coding techniques, capable of supporting variable bit-rate services and QoS depending on the needs of the application. The BGAN system is satellite component of 3G IMT-2000, specially the Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service (UMTS) standards. It will provide a near-global coverage overlay for the terrestrial networks, giving users service availability beyond the reach of terrestrial IMT-2000 networks. A range of supported terminals, personal devices, portable and mobile units linked with onboard entertainment, communications systems to remote base stations for civilian and military applications and SCADA or M2M are discussed.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
5

Peltola, Matti, and Olli Martikainen. "Valuation of Mobile Broadband PSE Network for Society." Nordic and Baltic Journal of Information and Communications Technologies 2014, no. 1 (2014): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.13052/nbict.2015.001.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
6

Zhang, Wenjun, Yihang Huang, Dazhi He, Yiwei Zhang, Yizhe Zhang, Runnan Liu, Yin Xu, Yiyan Wu, and Liang Zhang. "Convergence of a Terrestrial Broadcast Network and a Mobile Broadband Network." IEEE Communications Magazine 56, no. 3 (March 2018): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2018.1700616.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
7

Peltola, Matti, and Heikki Hämmäinen. "Effect of population density and network availability on deployment of broadband PPDR mobile network service." Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance 20, no. 1 (January 8, 2018): 78–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dprg-07-2017-0042.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of the paper is to define the best deployment alternatives for a public protection and disaster relief (PPDR) mobile network service – the implementation alternatives being either a dedicated network, a commercial network or a hybrid of the two network types. The selection criteria are based on the social benefits that the PPDR mobile service is expected to bring to society. The critical parameters are population density and service availability, which both directly relate to the socioeconomic benefits achieved by providing broadband (BB) mobile services in various demographic areas. Design/methodology/approach A causal loop model has been developed to define the socioeconomic benefits of the PPDR network, the parameters being population density, service availability, socioeconomic value of the service and the costs of the network. The network solution alternatives are studied using the Finnish PPDR network as a reference – analysing various areas of the country with differing population densities from remote, rural and more densely populated suburban and urban areas. Findings Socioeconomic value is a common measure for assessing the value of governmental investments; population density has a strong impact on the optimum deployment alternatives as the socioeconomic value is directly proportional to this variable. The flat nationwide fee of the mobile users means that the users are subsidised in sparsely populated areas – and overcharged in densely populated areas. This is the main reason why the commercial network seems to be most feasible in rural areas, whereas the dedicated network works best in urban areas. Based on the case study, the commercial network is most preferable up to the point when the population density reaches 50-125 persons/km2. After that point, the dedicated network becomes more appropriate. Proposals are being made to improve the availability of the commercial networks enabling them to serve as a PPDR network: ensuring priority functionality and a protected power supply; allowing PPDR subscribers the exclusive use of one of the 700 MHz spectrum bands in restricted, critical areas; and extending use of the existing narrowband PPDR network in areas where communication availability is crucial. Originality/value On the one hand, the financing of BB PPDR mobile networks is an unresolved issue in many countries. On the other hand, the ability of commercial BB networks to provide better quality of service is improving, making viable the alternative to subscribe for radio service from a commercial operator. Therefore, the feasibility study on how to provide an optimum mobile BB service for PPDR organisations is of real value at this time.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
8

Eom, Soon-Young, Ic-Pyo Hong, and Jong-Myeon Kim. "Broadband Printed Cross-Dipole Element with Four Polarization Reconfigurations for Mobile Base Station Array Antenna Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2011 (2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/427015.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
This paper describes a broadband printed cross-dipole element with four polarization reconfigurations (BPCDE_PR). The BPCDE_PR can configure two linear and two circular polarizations in the operating band of 1.7–2.5 GHz. To implement the broadband polarization reconfigurations, switched network type broadband phase shifters are proposed and designed. The fabricated BPCDE_PR prototype with switched network including broadband phase shifters shows good electrical performances and the desired polarization reconfigurable functions in the operating band.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
9

Tie, Ling, and Di He. "Security Analysis of Proxy Mobile IPv6 Authentication Protocol with IPv4 Support." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 3683–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.3683.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Proxy mobile ipv6 protocol is a mandatory protocol to support inter-working among heterogeneous mobile broadband networks. In order to support compatibility to IPv4 network, a mobility infrastructure in the proxy mobile ipv6 that provide ipv4 extension is presented in this article. An authentication protocol based on authentication option is proposed to protect this proxy mobile IPv6 protocol with IPv4 support. A SVO formal Analysis method is used to prove the security of this protocol.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
10

Jonsson, Peter. "ERICSSON MOBILITY REPORT (REVIEW. PART I)." SYNCHROINFO JOURNAL 8, no. 3 (2022): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2664-066x-2022-8-3-18-28.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Resilient networks are the foundation for continued digitalization of societies and industries. Continuous network modernization and coverage build-out has led to several hundred million people becoming new mobile broadband subscribers every year. 5G is scaling faster than any previous mobile generation and we expect 5G subscriptions to reach 1 billion by the end of 2022. In several regions, deployment of 5G standalone networks is also picking up pace, as communications service providers prepare for innovation to address the business opportunities beyond enhanced mobile broadband. A solid digital network infrastructure underpins enterprises’ digital transformation plans, and their new capabilities can be turned into new customer services. As exemplified in this edition, service providers are looking to expand out of pure connectivity into service enablement platforms. Global mobile network data traffic has doubled in the last two years, driven by continuing growth in smartphone usage, mobile broadband and now the digitalization of societies and industries. But traffic is not the only thing that grows. The ongoing war in Europe, as well as increased geopolitical tension in the world, leads to a range of global threats – economic as well as social – that must be navigated. And in our field of networking, the threat landscape calls for constant diligence in keeping ahead with security. You can read more about security in this edition. Managing the continued strong traffic growth while reducing energy consumption is also a top priority. Older technologies are being replaced by continuous build-out of 4G and 5G networks, substantially improving network performance and energy efficiency with each generation. 5G technologies play a key role in modernization, providing multiples of capacity while becoming more energy efficient. Innovative network technologies enable service providers to introduce new services that in turn support societies and enterprises to reduce their carbon emission footprint. In this edition, we share some examples of how 4G and 5G technologies make it possible to unleash the power of IoT connectivity to enhance both enterprises’ business performance and sustainability.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Дисертації з теми "Mobile broadband network"

1

Begum, Sahena. "Reliable broadband satellite-integrated network design through propagation and networking solutions." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2009. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/reliable-broadband-satelliteintegrated-network-design-through-propagation-and-networking-solutions(aa71347b-031f-437d-9da0-6e8432e19630).html.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Satellites will play an indispensable role in the deployment of commercial networks to meet an increasing demand for supporting multimedia services at high data rates. Next generation satellite systems, operating at high frequency bands offer large bandwidth and are able to provide broadband services. To interface satellite links with existing terrestrial networks for providing communication access to a variety of users directly, several performance issues need to be addressed. Current thesis presents a technically viable satellite-integrated network model that is efficient in carrying broadband services to users over a wide scattered area. Accurate prediction of attenuation level is necessary for a reliable network model to operate with required service availability. Long term rainfall data has been analysed to characterise attenuation level at a selected region such as Dhaka. It is shown that rainfall is highly seasonal and attenuation level is quite high during monsoon. However, the seasonal behaviour of rainfall can be exploited to improve the link availability. Radar and rain gauge measurements at Sparsholt are also used to find rain cell size distribution, which is an important factor in site diversity implementation to combat severe rain fade. It is found that convective rain cell has extension in the region of 10 km. The network model is designed with dimensioning the effective bandwidth to support a number of users over the satellite link by taking into account the multimedia traffic characteristics. Concatenated coding, a robust coding scheme is implemented to improve the link quality at a level required to deliver broadband services. The ITU-T performance objectives of 7.5×10 for CLR and 1.4×10 for CER over satellite links are met at a required Eb/No of 2.95 dB and 2.88 dB respectively. Different enhancement mechanisms for optimum TCP performance are implemented to combat the large propagation delay associated with a satellite link. It is revealed through the simulation that TCP performance over a satellite link is as efficient as terrestrial links with these enhancement mechanisms Finally, the overall performance of the designed network is evaluated through link budget analysis and simulation. An innovative downlink power control strategy has been implemented to maintain the link during the rainiest months. The interference level due to high power satellite transmission in the designed system is also calculated to protect other existing communication links sharing the same frequency bands. A feasible broadband network designed with characterising propagation as well as networking issues will efficiently deliver broadband communication services to a large population promptly and in a cost-effective manner. Such a network solution will be in the realm of current R & D towards broadband satellite networks.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
2

Mahloo, Mozhgan. "Transport Solutions for Future Broadband Access Networks." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Optical Network Laboratory (ON Lab), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-161936.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
“Connected society” where everything and everyone are connected at any time and on any location brings new challenges for the network operators. This leads to the need of upgrading the transport networks as the segment of Internet infrastructure connecting the fixed users and mobile base stations to the core/aggregation in order to provide high sustainable bandwidth, as well as supporting a massive number of connected devices. To do this, operators need to change the way that access networks are currently deployed. The future access network technologies will need to support very high capacity and very long distances, which are the inherited characteristics of optical transmission. Hence, optical fiber technology is recognized as the only future proof technology for broadband access. Capacity upgrade in the access networks can lead to a huge capacity demand in the backbone network. One promising solution to address this problem, is to keep the local traffic close to the end users as much as possible, and prevent unnecessary propagation of this type of traffic through the backbone. In this way, operators would be able to expand their access network without the significant capacity upgrade in the higher aggregation layers. Motivated by this need, a comprehensive evaluation of optical access networks is carried out in this thesis regarding ability of accommodating local traffic and amount of possible saving in the backbone by implementing locality awareness schemes. Meanwhile, next generation optical access (NGOA) networks have to provide high capacity at low cost while fulfilling the increasing reliability requirements of future services and customers. Therefore, finding cost-efficient and reliable alternative for future broadband access is one of the most important contributions of this thesis. We analyzed the tradeoff between the cost needed to deploy backup resources and the reliability performance improvement obtained by the proposed protection mechanism. Among different NGOA architectures, hybrid time and wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (TWDM PON) is considered as a proper candidate providing high capacity and large coverage. Therefore, this approach is further analyzed and several tailored protection schemes with high flexibility are proposed to statisfy different requirements from the residential and business users in the same PON.  The work carried out in the thesis has proved that TWDM PON can also offer high reliability performance while keeping the network expenditures at an acceptable level. Considering some other advantages such as low power consumption and high flexibility in resource allocation of this architecture, it has high potential to be the best candidate for NGOA networks.  Moreover, new deployments of radio access networks supporting the increasing capacity demand of mobile users lead to the upgrade of the backhaul segment as a part of broadband access infrastructure. Hence, this thesis also contributes with a comprehensive techno-economic evaluation methodology for mobile backhaul. Several technologies are investigated in order to find the most cost-efficient solution for backhauling the high capacity mobile networks.  Finally, a PON-based mobile backhaul with high capacity and low latency has been proposed for handling coordinated multipoint transmission systems in order to achieve high quality of experience for mobile users.

QC 20150320

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
3

FARIAS, Fabrício de Souza. "Designing cost-efficient transport solutions for fixed and mobile broadband access network." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/7956.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Submitted by camilla martins (camillasmmartins@gmail.com) on 2017-03-06T16:07:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_DesigningCost-EfficientTransport.pdf: 2918415 bytes, checksum: 7ca8ff5f47a7eb9fd97957edfcaf7b51 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2017-03-22T13:30:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_DesigningCost-EfficientTransport.pdf: 2918415 bytes, checksum: 7ca8ff5f47a7eb9fd97957edfcaf7b51 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-22T13:30:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_DesigningCost-EfficientTransport.pdf: 2918415 bytes, checksum: 7ca8ff5f47a7eb9fd97957edfcaf7b51 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-03
CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Esta tese se concentra na avaliação técnico econômica de soluções de transporte para acesso banda larga fixa e móvel. Para futuras redes de acesso móvel, propõem-se arquiteturas de backhaul usando fibra e microondas baseado no desenvolvimento de redes de acesso wireless verde e infraestruturas legadas de backhaul baseada em cobre para migração Brownfield, ou seja, usando infraestrutura existente até o limite de capacidade suportada, enquanto para redes de banda larga fixa são propostas implantações de proteção baseadas em esquemas híbridos, ou seja, fiber+wireless. As principais contribuições desta tese estão relacionadas ao campo de pesquisa do custo total de investimento em infraestrutura de transporte banda larga. Em termos de custo total de investimento, são propostos dois conjuntos de modelos para avaliar as despesas de capital e de operação, CAPEX e OPEX respectivamente, de operadoras de redes de acesso banda larga fixa e móvel. Primeiramente, para banda larga móvel, é apresentado um conjunto de modelos condensado em uma metodologia geral que visa fornecer: previsão de tráfego, implantação de rede sem fio, implantação de backhaul móvel e avaliação do custo total. É mostrado que o backhaul baseado em fibra considerando acesso sem fio verde é a opção mais eficiente em termos de energia. Além disso, Brownfield mostra que o backhaul baseado em cobre ainda pode desempenhar um grande papel se utilizado até a exaustão de sua capacidade e reduz drasticamente os custos de investimentos em infraestrutura. Adicionalmente, são apresentadas as principais diferenças de custos e valores de energia entre redes de acesso sem fio verde e Brownfield. Finalmente, para banda larga fixa, é proposta uma metodologia baseada em dimensionamento de rede, custos associados à falha e avaliação do custo total por assinante. Os modelos são utilizados para avaliar cinco modelos que representam diferentes esquemas de proteção para arquiteturas de banda larga fixa. Esta pesquisa revela os benefícios econômicos do uso de esquema de proteção híbrido baseado em arquitetura fiber+wireless comparado com a opção de proteção baseada totalmente em fibra e é também apresentada uma análise de sensibilidade para provar que o investimento adicional em CAPEX para proteger a infraestrutura pode ser recuperado em alguns anos através da economia em OPEX.
This thesis undertakes a techno-economic evaluation of transport solutions for fixed and mobile broadband access. In the case of future mobile access networks, it is proposed to make use of backhaul architectures using fiber and microwave applied to Greenfield deployments and a copper-legacy backhaul infrastructure based on Brownfield migration, i.e. finding a way of using a legacy infrastructure to its full capacity. At the same time, protection deployments based on fiber-wireless schemes are recommended for future fixed broadband. The main contribution made by this thesis is to carry out a research investigation into the total investment cost of the broadband transport infrastructure. This will be determined by employing two sets of models to assess the capital and operational expenditures, (CAPEX and OPEX respectively), of mobile and fixed broadband access network operators. First, this involves a set of models for mobile broadband that are summarized in a general methodology that aims at providing: traffic forecasting, wireless deployment, mobile backhaul deployment and total cost assessment. It was found that, fiber-based backhaul through a Greenfield deployment is the most energy-efficient option. Furthermore, Brownfield reveals that copper-based backhaul can still play a key role if used up to its full capacity and sharply reduces the investment costs in infrastructure. Additionally, there is an examination of the main differences in cost and energy values between Greenfield and Brownfield. Finally, a methodology is employed for fixed broadband based on network dimensioning, failure costs and an assessment of the total cost of ownership. The models are used to assess five architectures that represent different protection schemes for fixed broadband. This research shows the economic benefits of using a hybrid protection scheme based on fiber-wireless architecture rather than fiber-based protection options and a sensitivity analysis is conducted to show that the extra CAPEX invested to protect the infrastructure might be recovered through the OPEX after a number of years. The results obtained in the thesis should be useful for network operators to plan both their fixed and mobile broadband access network infrastructure in the future.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
4

Chen, Lei. "Performance Engineering of Mobile Broadband : Capacity Analysis, Cellular Network Optimization, and Design of In-Building Solutions." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-89715.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
The rapid evolution of mobile communication technologies is making mobile broadband a reality. With over 6 billion cellular connections and the booming of mobile data, mobile broadband leads the technology and service innovation within the domain of information and communication technologies. The thesis deals with performance engineering of mobile broadband. The problems investigated range from fundamental capacity analysis, resource planning and optimization of broadband cellular networks, to design of in-building solutions based on distributed antenna systems. Mathematical modeling and optimization methods have been used to approach the problems. The first three papers address capacity analysis in wireless communications, where the establishment of any communication link is subject to the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) threshold. Paper I addresses the maximum link activation problem. The paper introduces a new exact algorithm by reformulating the SINR constraints with equivalent but numerically more effective inequalities, leading to an approach performing significantly better in proving optimality in comparison to the conventional algorithm. Paper II explores the notion of collaborative rate selection for Interference Cancellation (IC) to maximize the transmission rate in wireless networks. The paper analyzes the problem complexity and develops integer programming models for both single stage single-link IC and single stage parallel IC. Paper III studies the performance gain of single-stage and multi-stage IC to optimal link activation. Compact integer programming formulations have been developed and a thorough numerical study is performed. The next three papers are devoted to planning and optimization of radio resources in cellular mobile broadband networks. Paper IV considers a minimum-power coverage problem with overlap requirements between cell pairs. The paper develops two integer programming models and compares their strength in approaching global optimality. A tabu search algorithm has been developed for large-scale networks. Paper V deals with transmission power planning and optimization in High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) networks. A method for enhancing the HSDPA performance by minimizing the power for coverage and reallocating the power to data transmission has been considered. A mathematical model targeting cell-edge HDSPA performance and accounting for soft handover in Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) has been developed. In addition, heuristic algorithms based on local search and repeated local search are developed. Paper VI focuses on frequency planning for inter-cell interference mitigation in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) networks. The paper generalizes the standard Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) concept and addresses its performance for networks with irregular topology. Optimization algorithms using local search have been proposed to find the frequency reuse pattern of generalized FFR for maximizing the edge-user performance. The investigations in Papers IV-VI base the experiments on data sets representing realistic planning scenarios to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches. To face the challenge of in-building mobile broadband service, In-Building Distributed Antennas Systems (IB-DAS) has been proposed. Paper VII tackles the problem of optimal topology design of IB-DAS systems, where a number of in-building distributed antennas are connected to a base station via coaxial cables and power equipments. The paper develops efficient mathematical models for topology design as well as equipment selection, and presents case studies of realistic IB-DAS deployment scenarios.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
5

Ahmed, Maha Shihab. "Improving energy efficiency and quality of service in an integrated wireless-optical broadband access network." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2015. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1737.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Exponential growth in the volume of wireless data, boosted by the growing popularity of mobile devices such as smart phones and tablets, is forcing telecommunication industries to rethink network design, and focus on developing high capacity mobile broadband networks. Accordingly, researchers have undertaken developmental work for an integrated wireless-optical broadband access network (WOBAN). Passive optical networks (PONs) and fourth generation (4G) wireless networks are two major candidate technologies for the WOBAN. PON is a wired access technology, well-known for its high capacity, whereas 4G is a wireless broadband access technology, popular for its ease of deployment and ability to offer mobility. Integration of PON and 4G technologies, as a wireless-optical broadband access network, offers advantages such as extension of networks in rural areas, support for mobile broadband services, and rapid deployment of broadband networks. However, these two technologies have different design architectures for handling broadband services which require Quality of Service (QoS), for example, 4G networks use traffic classification for supporting different QoS demands whereas PON does not differentiate between traffic types. This integrated network must also be energy efficient, as a green broadband access network, without hindering QoS. While these technologies both use sleep mode, they differ in their power saving mechanisms. This thesis first addresses a QoS solution for the incompatibility between these technologies. Service class mapping is proposed in Chapter 3 for the integrated WOBAN, based on the M/G/1 queuing model supported by an innovative priority scheduler. Once class mapping is deployed, a power saving mechanism can be devised by exploiting traffic differentiation. Specifically, a class-based strategy is proposed which helps optimise the sleep period for the terminal units of the optical network, without compromising QoS. Since the optical network involves control and terminal nodes, both of which consume power, this thesis proposes an energy efficient mechanism that involves both components. In contrast, other published strategies (Chapter 2) have only considered the terminal units. Chapter 4 presents the mechanism for enabling global sleep (control and terminal nodes) and local sleep (terminal nodes), based on the available traffic's class structure. This mechanism enables sleep for different components within the bandwidth allocation by adapting the switching between predefined polling cycle lengths. As the WOBAN is comprised of both wireless and optical parts, a dynamic resource management mechanism is needed which responds to changing daily traffic patterns across a green integrated network. Consequently, Chapter 5 proposes a mechanism which dynamically adapts the polling cycles, of the optical and wireless parts of the network, to the changing traffic volume and class composition. Tailored sleep durations for the components of the WOBAN are facilitated within the resource management regime, as these components differ in their ability to function efficiently if management of the sleep periods is not responsive to the changing traffic volumes and class composition. This dissertation creates new knowledge by seamlessly integrating the two parts of WOBAN and introducing differentiated, class-based sleep for the components of the hybrid network to help realise a green WOBAN.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
6

Malebanye, Potsane. "To investigate how Mobile Cellular Network Operators can increase the average revenue per user by stimulating the usage of broadband services." Thesis, University of South Africa, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/56.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
The objective of this research is to investigate how mobile cellular network operators can increase the average revenue per user by stimulating the usage of mobile broadband services. There is a general consensus that the revenue from voice calls is slowly reaching saturation; hence, mobile cellular operators, service providers and content providers are looking for other sources of revenue from their new and existing customers. They are therefore beginning to focus more intensively on customer retention and on developing new strategies that will stimulate the usage of high speed mobile data services. The research shows that most people are aware of many of the mobile data services offered by operators, but that they thought that they were unreliable, slow, difficult to use and expensive. By and large, people signed up for mobile data services because they wanted a mobile always-on connection anytime, anywhere, with faster speed when accessing e-mail and other services or when downloading data from the Internet. The majority of people would use mobile broadband internet service if it cost less to use; if the speed were faster and the service were easy to use; if the cellular phone had a larger screen and used less battery power; and if the keyboard were larger. The relationship between Network operators, WASPs and content providers was found to be good, even though at times it is strained by the increased competition between them; this forces them not to cooperate on some issues for fear of compromising their competitive advantage.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
7

Zhao, Qiyang. "Intelligent radio resource management for mobile broadband networks." Thesis, University of York, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5518/.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
This thesis studies intelligent spectrum and topology management through transfer learning in mobile broadband networks, to improve the capacity density and Quality of Service (QoS) as well as to reduce the cooperation overhead and energy consumption. The dense deployment of small cell base stations (BSs) is an effective approach to provide high capacity density access. In the meantime, multi-hop wireless backhaul networks enable highly flexible deployment and self-organization of small cell BSs. A heterogeneous small cell access and multi-hop backhaul network is studied in this thesis as mobile broadband system architecture. Transfer learning is applied to Radio Resource Management (RRM) as an intelligent algorithm to improve the performance of conventional reinforcement learning. In transfer learning, a BS trains its knowledge base relying on knowledge transferred from other related BSs, who are selected using an interference coordination strategy. In a network with static topology, cooperation management is developed to identify the maturity of the knowledge base and control the coordination overhead. It is demonstrated in a multi-hop backhaul network that transfer learning delivers a QoS level that is as high as achieved by a fully coordinated algorithm, but with a very low level of information exchange which is close to a fully distributed algorithm. Transfer learning is also studied in rapidly changeable network architectures to provide reliable communication. It is carried out during the changes of network topology, through mapping the learner’s knowledge base to a prioritized action space with Pareto efficiency. This process assists the BSs to quickly identify and adapt to environment changes, and makes effective decisions. Results show that transfer learning significantly reduces QoS fluctuation during traffic variation and topology changes in a highly dynamic network. Furthermore, a dynamic topology management algorithm is developed to intelligently control the working modes of BSs, based on traffic load and capacity in multiple cells. Topology management is demonstrated to reduce the number of activated BSs with adequate QoS performance provided. Dynamic capacity provision between multiple cells is achieved from transfer learning, which significantly improves QoS and reduces energy consumption.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
8

Halls, David Edwin. "Interference characterisation and mitigation in mobile broadband wireless networks." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.559706.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) techniques are widely touted as the technology that will enable the high wireless cellular network capacities demanded by the huge growth in demand for the 'triple play' of voice, data and media. Without suitable interference management, however, multi-billion dollar MIMO Mobile Wireless Broadband Networks (MWBNs) can collapse under the strain of heavy traffic loads. Fully loaded interference studies cannot be performed on the network until it has been fully deployed. As such, interference characterisation and mitigation must be accurately performed pre-deployment using detailed network simulators. The development of a detailed MWBN simulator is investigated in this thesis. The model includes an extremely Uplink (UL) and Downlink (DL) Mobile WiMAX system-level simulator with full support for a wide range of MIMO technologies. The impact of inter-cell interference is characterised and results show that it is the fluctuation in interference power, rather than signal power, that dominates the inaccuracies seen in the link adaptation algorithm. These error lead to reduced system throughput. It is found that the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) errors increase with Channel State Information (CSI) delay and that the effect is exacerbated by high mobile velocity. With a 3-frame delay at vehicular speeds the CSI delay causes an average 31 % loss in DL throughput. It is found that 2 x 2 closed-loop MIMO systems can double the system capacity in high interference conditions but the MIMO techniques in high interference are used to exploit diversity, and not multiplexing, gain. The gains provided by closed-loop MIMO are only available to slow moving or stationary users. Interference management techniques can be divided into: interference randomisation, interference cancellation and interference mitigation. It is shown that the use of interference randomisation reduces MCS error and improves user throughput. Significant performance gains are achieved in this work using higher order MIMO configurations and interference cancellation schemes. The gains are particularly significant at the cell edge on the DL. They are also effective on the UL, where unlike the DL they are robust to delayed CSI at the transmitter. A 5-fold increase over the single antenna case is obtained using a 2 x 8 MIMO system with interference cancellation. The use of interference coordination combined with interference cancellation further enhances performance, particularly on the DL. Adding the " combined mitigation scheme to the 4 x 2 MIMO case improves the average cell throughput by 70% and the cell edge throughput by 370%. This rigorous study has shown that to perform effectively in interference-limited scenarios, future MWBNs should employ 8x 2 MIMO with interference cancellation and interference coordination. This can provide Base Station (BS) throughput gains of up to 4-fold on the DL and 5-fold on the UL over a single antenna implementation.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
9

Ek, Patrik. "Deployment of Indoor Small-Cells for 4G mobile Broadband." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Signaler och System, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-208569.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
This thesis presents an investigation of the impact of indoor small-cells. It is expected that small-cells will be able to increase the throughput and capacity for the existing networks. A deployment algorithm is presented with focus on offloading traffic from the macro layer. The performance of the deployments created with the proposed algorithm, is compared with a reference deployment. The different deployments are then simulated in a real network simulator, which performs static simulations in 3 dimension using the theory of multiple knife-edge diffraction. The small-cells increased the throughput and capacity remarkably and additional gains were obtained with the proposed algorithm. The thesis also includes strategies for small-cell deployment.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
10

CALABUIG, GASPAR JORGE. "Broadcasting in 4G mobile broadband networks and its evolution towards 5G." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/48561.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
One of the challenges of the mobile industry is to cope with the growth of mobile traffic demand expected for the next years, primarily driven by the increasing usage of mobile video services. Indeed, the existence of increasingly powerful terminals is encouraging the consumption of high-quality video content. Usually, video services are identified with linear Television (TV) and scheduled broadcast (point-to-multipoint (p-t-m)) distribution. However, the consumption of video content over mobile networks is different from traditional fixed TV because contents are mainly consumed on-demand with unicast point-to-point (p-t-p) connections. Then, the convergence of linear TV and on-demand content delivery represents a challenge that requires a combined broadcast/unicast transmission model. This dissertation addresses the use of broadcasting technologies for the provision of mobile multimedia services in Fourth Generation (4G) mobile broadband networks and beyond. Specifically, the dissertation focuses on the broadcast technology included in 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE Advanced (LTE-A) networks, known as Enhanced Multicast Broadcast Multimedia Services (eMBMS). It analyses the benefits of the eMBMS physical layer aspects regarding Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services over a Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) deployments and identifies the current limitations of eMBMS at physical layer by comparing with the broadcast technology of the other 4G mobile system, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.16m standard. Those limitations are the use of a dedicated carrier and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) techniques for broadcast transmissions. Our investigations employ a complete simulation platform including link-level and system-level simulations to evaluate the performance of broadcast transmissions in these real technologies. The research on eMBMS services is aimed at finding the optimum delivery of streaming and file download services focusing on the Radio Resource Management (RRM) problem and trade-off between Physical layer – Forward Error Correction (PHY-FEC) and Application Layer - Forward Error Correction (AL-FEC). Concerning streaming services, results show that the use of AL-FEC increases the coverage level and, then, the maximum service data rate. The gain due to AL-FEC is greater in scenarios with high mobility users, although, this gain is limited if low zapping times are desired. Regarding file delivery services, this dissertation analyses the duration of the transmission required to guarantee the correct file reception and the reduction in the mean throughput of unicast users with different delivery modes. They are the unicast delivery, the eMBMS delivery and a hybrid approach, which combines a first eMBMS delivery with a postdelivery error repair phase with unicast transmissions. Our results show that the hybrid delivery is the most efficient configuration in terms of file download time, although it further reduces unicast performance.
Calabuig Gaspar, J. (2015). Broadcasting in 4G mobile broadband networks and its evolution towards 5G [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/48561
TESIS
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Книги з теми "Mobile broadband network"

1

Interacting with broadband society. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 2010.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
2

Tian ji yi dong tong xin wang luo: Space-based mobile communication network. Beijing Shi: Guo fang gong ye chu ban she, 2011.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
3

Kaorhonen, Jouni. Deploying IPv6 in 3GPP networks: Evolving mobile broadband from 2G to LTE and beyond. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, 2013.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
4

1952-, Lai Ming, ed. WIMAX technology and network evolution. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2010.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
5

M, Mather Paul, and Coope Sebastian, eds. Convergence technologies for 3G networks: IP, UMTS, EGPRS, and ATM. Chichester: Wiley, 2004.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
6

1959-, Kahng Hyun-Kook, Goto Shigeki, Hanʼguk Chŏngbo Kwahakhoe, and Jōhō Shori Gakkai (Japan), eds. Information networking: Networking technologies for broadband and mobile networks : international conference ICOIN 2004, Busan, Korea, February 18-20, 2004 : revised selected papers. Berlin: Springer, 2004.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
7

From GSM to LTE: An introduction to mobile networks and mobile broadband. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K: Wiley, 2011.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
8

Kahng, Hyun-Kook, and Shigeki Goto, eds. Information Networking. Networking Technologies for Broadband and Mobile Networks. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b99472.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
9

Lee, Byeong Gi. Broadband wireless access and local networks: Mobile WiMax and WiFi. Boston, Mass: Artech House, 2008.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
10

Paul, Sanjoy. Digital Video Distribution in Broadband, Television, Mobile and Converged Networks. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470972915.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Частини книг з теми "Mobile broadband network"

1

Ergen, Mustafa. "WiMAX Network Layer." In Mobile Broadband, 341–78. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68192-4_10.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
2

Madden, Gary, Aniruddha Banerjee, and Grant Coble-Neal. "Measuring Telecommunication System Network Effects." In Frontiers of Broadband, Electronic and Mobile Commerce, 195–220. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2676-0_13.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
3

Cooper, Russel, Gary Madden, and Grant Coble-Neal. "Measuring TFP for an Expanding Telecommunications Network." In Frontiers of Broadband, Electronic and Mobile Commerce, 111–32. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2676-0_8.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
4

Guo, Huaqun, Lek Heng Ngoh, Wai Choong Wong, and Ligang Dong. "DINPeer: Optimized P2P Communication Network." In Information Networking. Convergence in Broadband and Mobile Networking, 561–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30582-8_58.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
5

Kim, Hak Ju. "Deciding on Network Architecture for 3G Wireless Services." In Frontiers of Broadband, Electronic and Mobile Commerce, 73–86. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2676-0_6.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
6

Almulhem, Ahmad, and Issa Traore. "Experience with Engineering a Network Forensics System." In Information Networking. Convergence in Broadband and Mobile Networking, 62–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30582-8_7.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
7

Mutafungwa, Edward, and Kamugisha Kazaura. "Assessing Opportunities for Broadband Optical Wireless Local Loops in an Unbundled Access Network." In Mobile Data Access, 34–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46669-x_4.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
8

Roh, Byeong-hee, Wonjoon Choi, Myungchul Yoon, and Seung W. Yoo. "A Novel Traffic Control Architecture Against Global-Scale Network Attacks in Highspeed Internet Backbone Networks." In Information Networking. Convergence in Broadband and Mobile Networking, 853–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30582-8_89.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
9

Pi, Youngsoo, Miyoun Yoon, and Yongtae Shin. "A Mapping Algorithm for Quality Guaranteed Network Design Based on DiffServ over MPLS Model over UMTS Packet Network." In Information Networking. Convergence in Broadband and Mobile Networking, 370–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30582-8_39.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
10

Mehta, Saurabh, Sung-Min Oh, and Jae-Hyun Kim. "The Energy-Efficient Algorithm for a Sensor Network." In Information Networking. Convergence in Broadband and Mobile Networking, 293–302. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30582-8_31.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Mobile broadband network"

1

Chiu, Ran-Fun, Yuan-Sen Yeh, Sandy Chi, Raphael Lee, Aking Wu, Huai-Jen Chang, and Linus Chang. "Kaohsiung County Broadband Mobile Network." In 2009 10th ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligences, Networking and Parallel/Distributed Computing. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/snpd.2009.42.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
2

Febvre, P. "Multicast-enabling a 3GPP-based mobile satellite network." In IET Wireless Broadband Conference 2006. IEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:20060485.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
3

Adachi, Fumiyuki, Amnart Boonkajay, Tomoyuki Saito, and Yuta Seki. "Distributed MIMO network for 5G enhanced mobile broadband." In Broadband Access Communication Technologies XII, edited by Benjamin B. Dingel, Katsutoshi Tsukamoto, and Spiros Mikroulis. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2291321.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
4

Lometti, Alberto, and Vincenzo Sestito. "Optical access architectures for backhauling of broadband mobile networks." In 2012 XVth International Telecommunications Network Strategy and Planning Symposium (NETWORKS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/netwks.2012.6381664.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
5

Tenorio, Santiago, Kyriakos Exadaktylos, Brendan McWilliams, and Yannick Le Pezennec. "Mobile broadband field network performance with HSPA+." In 2010 European Wireless Conference (EW). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ew.2010.5483428.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
6

Hillen, B. A. G., I. Passchier, E. F. Matthijssen, F. T. H. den Hartog, and F. Selgert. "Remote management of mobile devices with broadband forum's TR-069." In 2008 13th International Telecommunications Network Strategy and Planning Symposium (NETWORKS). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/netwks.2008.6231307.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
7

Delli Priscoli, F. "Resource management in a broadband satellite network." In First International Conference on 3G Mobile Communication Technologies. IEE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:20000079.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
8

Hillen, B. A. G., I. Passchier, E. F. Matthijssen, F. T. H. den Hartog, and F. Selgert. "Remote Management of Mobile Devices with Broadband Forum's TR-069." In 2008 13th International Telecommunications Network Strategy and Planning Symposium. NETWORKS 2008. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/netwks.2008.4763676.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
9

Goncalves, Rodrigo M. S., Bruno M. G. Miranda, and Francisco A. B. Cercas. "Mobile Network Monitoring Information System." In The 2nd International Conference on Wireless Broadband and Ultra Wideband Communications (AusWireless 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/auswireless.2007.47.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
10

Karagiannis, G., V. Nicola, and I. Niemegeers. "Evaluation of scalability in a broadband mobile communication system." In Proceedings 2000 IEEE Intelligent Network Workshop. IEEE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/inw.2000.868210.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Звіти організацій з теми "Mobile broadband network"

1

Hu, S., D. Eastlake, F. Qin, T. Chua, and D. Huang. The China Mobile, Huawei, and ZTE Broadband Network Gateway (BNG) Simple Control and User Plane Separation Protocol (S-CUSP). RFC Editor, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc8772.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
Ми пропонуємо знижки на всі преміум-плани для авторів, чиї праці увійшли до тематичних добірок літератури. Зв'яжіться з нами, щоб отримати унікальний промокод!

До бібліографії