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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "MITIGATION OF SALT STRESS"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "MITIGATION OF SALT STRESS"

1

Ondrasek, Gabrijel, Santosha Rathod, Kallakeri Kannappa Manohara, Channappa Gireesh, Madhyavenkatapura Siddaiah Anantha, Akshay Sureshrao Sakhare, Brajendra Parmar, et al. "Salt Stress in Plants and Mitigation Approaches." Plants 11, no. 6 (March 8, 2022): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11060717.

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Анотація:
Salinization of soils and freshwater resources by natural processes and/or human activities has become an increasing issue that affects environmental services and socioeconomic relations. In addition, salinization jeopardizes agroecosystems, inducing salt stress in most cultivated plants (nutrient deficiency, pH and oxidative stress, biomass reduction), and directly affects the quality and quantity of food production. Depending on the type of salt/stress (alkaline or pH-neutral), specific approaches and solutions should be applied to ameliorate the situation on-site. Various agro-hydrotechnical (soil and water conservation, reduced tillage, mulching, rainwater harvesting, irrigation and drainage, control of seawater intrusion), biological (agroforestry, multi-cropping, cultivation of salt-resistant species, bacterial inoculation, promotion of mycorrhiza, grafting with salt-resistant rootstocks), chemical (application of organic and mineral amendments, phytohormones), bio-ecological (breeding, desalination, application of nano-based products, seed biopriming), and/or institutional solutions (salinity monitoring, integrated national and regional strategies) are very effective against salinity/salt stress and numerous other constraints. Advances in computer science (artificial intelligence, machine learning) provide rapid predictions of salinization processes from the field to the global scale, under numerous scenarios, including climate change. Thus, these results represent a comprehensive outcome and tool for a multidisciplinary approach to protect and control salinization, minimizing damages caused by salt stress.
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2

Yildirim, E., H. Karlidag, and M. Turan. "Mitigation of salt stress in strawberry by foliar K, Ca and Mg nutrient supply." Plant, Soil and Environment 55, No. 5 (June 10, 2009): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/383-pse.

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Plant root and shoot dry weight, leaf relative water content (LRWC) and chlorophyll content were reduced by 30%, 21%, 15%, 34%, respectively, at 40mM NaCl as compared to non-salt stress conditions. However, membrane permeability (MP) of plant increased (85.0%) with increasing salinity. Foliar nutrient application (FNA) alleviated deleterious effects of salinity stress on growth and this effect was statistically significant. The highest alleviation effect of FNA at 40mM salinity stress was observed in the case of 10mM foliar KNO<sub>3</sub> and Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> application, resulting in increase in plant root dry weight (50%), shoot dry weight (50%), LRWC (8.2%) and MP decrease (27.4%) at 40mM NaCl. Phosphorus, Fe and Zn contents in shoots and roots of plants also increased with FNA treatments, but they were still much lower than those of non-salt stress treatment. Sulphur, P, Fe and Zn contents of shoots reached similar values as in non-salt stress treatment when KNO<sub>3</sub> was applied, whereas Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu contents of roots reached the values of non-salt stress treatment when Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> was applied.
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3

Nizam, Rezowana, Md Tofail Hosain, Md Elias Hossain, Md Meftaul Islam, and Md Ariful Haque. "Salt stress mitigation by calcium nitrate in tomato plant." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 5, no. 1 (April 22, 2019): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v5i1.41050.

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Анотація:
Salt stress is one of the most subversive abiotic stress which severely affects the agricultural productivity in various ways. The pot experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from November 2017 to April 2018. BARI Tomato-5 was used as planting material. The two factors experiment was laid out in RCBD with four replications. Five levels of salinity induced by sodium (Na+) viz., 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 dS m-1 and three levels of Ca2+ viz., 0, 5 and 10 mM were used as treatment variables. The results of this experiment showed that, the salt stress reduced the yield parameters and yield of tomato with the increase of salinity. The lowest data was recorded from 8 dS m-1 and highest value was observed at control. The present results also showed that, Ca2+ significantly increased the yield contributing characters as well as yield of tomato in both saline and non-saline conditions. However, for combined effect, highest number of fruits plant-1 (50.8) and the highest yield plant-1 (3.88 kg) was produced from 0 dS m-1 Na x 10 mM Ca2+; whereas the lowest from 8 dS m-1 x 0 mM Ca2+. This result suggests that, exogenous Ca2+ can effectively mitigate the deleterious effect of salt stress in tomato. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2019, 5(1): 87-93
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4

Petrić, Ines, Dunja Šamec, Erna Karalija, and Branka Salopek-Sondi. "Beneficial Microbes and Molecules for Mitigation of Soil Salinity in Brassica Species: A Review." Soil Systems 6, no. 1 (February 3, 2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems6010018.

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Анотація:
Salt stress results from excessive salt accumulation in the soil can lead to a reduction in plant growth and yield. Due to climate change, in the future climatic pressures, changed precipitation cycles and increased temperature will increase the pressures on agriculture, including increasing severity of salt stress. Brassica species contains oilseed and vegetable crops with great economic importance. Advances in understanding the mechanisms of salt stress in Brassica plants have enabled the development of approaches to better induce plant defense mechanisms at the time of their occurrence through the use of beneficial microorganisms or molecules. Both endophytic and rhizospheric microbes contribute to the mitigation of abiotic stresses in Brassica plants by promoting the growth of their host under stress conditions. In this review we summarized so far reported microorganisms with beneficial effects on Brassica plants and their mode of action. Another approach in mitigating the harmful effect of soil salinity may involve the application of different molecules that are involved in the stress response of Brassica plants. We reviewed and summarized their potential mode of action, methods of application and pointed out further research directions.
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Hoque, Md Najmol, Shahin Imran, Afsana Hannan, Newton Chandra Paul, Md Asif Mahamud, Jotirmoy Chakrobortty, Prosenjit Sarker, Israt Jahan Irin, Marian Brestic, and Mohammad Saidur Rhaman. "Organic Amendments for Mitigation of Salinity Stress in Plants: A Review." Life 12, no. 10 (October 18, 2022): 1632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12101632.

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Анотація:
Natural and/or human-caused salinization of soils has become a growing problem in the world, and salinization endangers agro-ecosystems by causing salt stress in most cultivated plants, which has a direct effect on food quality and quantity. Several techniques, as well as numerous strategies, have been developed in recent years to help plants cope with the negative consequences of salt stress and mitigate the impacts of salt stress on agricultural plants. Some of them are not environmentally friendly. In this regard, it is crucial to develop long-term solutions that boost saline soil productivity while also protecting the ecosystem. Organic amendments, such as vermicompost (VC), vermiwash (VW), biochar (BC), bio-fertilizer (BF), and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are gaining attention in research. The organic amendment reduces salt stress and improves crops growth, development and yield. The literature shows that organic amendment enhances salinity tolerance and improves the growth and yield of plants by modifying ionic homeostasis, photosynthetic apparatus, antioxidant machineries, and reducing oxidative damages. However, the positive regulatory role of organic amendments in plants and their stress mitigation mechanisms is not reviewed adequately. Therefore, the present review discusses the recent reports of organic amendments in plants under salt stress and how stress is mitigated by organic amendments. The current assessment also analyzes the limitations of applying organic amendments and their future potential.
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Kang, Sang-Mo, Md Injamum Ul Hoque, Ji-In Woo, and In-Jung Lee. "Mitigation of Salinity Stress on Soybean Seedlings Using Indole Acetic Acid-Producing Acinetobacter pittii YNA40." Agriculture 13, no. 5 (May 7, 2023): 1021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13051021.

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Анотація:
Soybean is an important oil crop with multiple uses. Soybeans can grow in various soil types and climates; however, salt stress reduces their yield. Plant growth-promoting microorganisms are an environmentally benign way to combat stress and boost plant tolerance. In the present study, we have identified plant growth-promoting bacteria that can produce indole acetic acid (IAA) and induce distinct growth characteristics in soybean plants under salt stress. The YNA40 isolate was identified as Acinetobacter pittii through 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. A pure culture of Acinetobacter pittii YNA40 was subjected to chromatographic and mass spectrometry selected-ion monitoring (GC-MS/SIM) for IAA quantification. The results revealed that the YNA40 bacterial strain showed a significantly higher IAA concentration (473.88 ng/mL) at 4% sodium chloride (NaCl). Moreover, in a salt-stress condition, inoculation with Acinetobacter pittii YNA40 was able to induce increased shoot length (23.48%), shoot weight (24%), root length (2.47%), and root weight (44.82%) compared to the uninoculated control. Therefore, soybean seedlings were inoculated with YNA40 to examine their potential for promoting growth and reprogramming after salt stress. Inoculation with YNA40 isolates mitigated the salt stress and significantly improved the growth of the plant, enhanced the chlorophyll contents, and improved the quantum efficiency of chlorophyll fluorescence, total phenolic content, flavonoid content, the diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity, and antioxidant activities of soybean plants during and after salt stress. The present research demonstrated that the application of the YNA40 isolate is promising for reducing salt stress in soybean plants and helps plants grow better in a salt-stressed environment.
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Krishnamoorthy, Ramasamy, Aritra Roy Choudhury, Denver I. Walitang, Rangasamy Anandham, Murugaiyan Senthilkumar, and Tongmin Sa. "Salt Stress Tolerance-Promoting Proteins and Metabolites under Plant-Bacteria-Salt Stress Tripartite Interactions." Applied Sciences 12, no. 6 (March 18, 2022): 3126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12063126.

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Анотація:
The rapid increase in soil salinization has impacted agricultural output and poses a threat to food security. There is an urgent need to focus on improving soil fertility and agricultural yield, both of which are severely influenced by abiotic variables such as soil salinity and sodicity. Abiotic forces have rendered one-third of the overall land unproductive. Microbes are the primary answer to the majority of agricultural production’s above- and below-ground problems. In stressful conditions, proper communication between plants and beneficial microbes is critical for avoiding plant cell damage. Many chemical substances such as proteins and metabolites synthesized by bacteria and plants mediate communication and stress reduction. Metabolites such as amino acids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and lipids as well as proteins such as aquaporins and antioxidant enzymes play important roles in plant stress tolerance. Plant beneficial bacteria have an important role in stress reduction through protein and metabolite synthesis under salt stress. Proper genomic, proteomic and metabolomics characterization of proteins and metabolites’ roles in salt stress mitigation aids scientists in discovering a profitable avenue for increasing crop output. This review critically examines recent findings on proteins and metabolites produced during plant-bacteria interaction essential for the development of plant salt stress tolerance.
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Rangseekaew, Pharada, Adoración Barros-Rodríguez, Wasu Pathom-aree, and Maximino Manzanera. "Plant Beneficial Deep-Sea Actinobacterium, Dermacoccus abyssi MT1.1T Promote Growth of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) under Salinity Stress." Biology 11, no. 2 (January 26, 2022): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11020191.

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Анотація:
Salt stress is a serious agricultural problem threatens plant growth and development resulted in productivity loss and global food security concerns. Salt tolerant plant growth promoting actinobacteria, especially deep-sea actinobacteria are an alternative strategy to mitigate deleterious effects of salt stress. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential of deep-sea Dermacoccus abyssi MT1.1T to mitigate salt stress in tomato seedlings and identified genes related to plant growth promotion and salt stress mitigation. D. abyssi MT1.1T exhibited plant growth promoting traits namely indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and siderophore production and phosphate solubilization under 0, 150, 300, and 450 mM NaCl in vitro. Inoculation of D. abyssi MT1.1T improved tomato seedlings growth in terms of shoot length and dry weight compared with non-inoculated seedlings under 150 mM NaCl. In addition, increased total soluble sugar and total chlorophyll content and decreased hydrogen peroxide content were observed in tomato inoculated with D. abyssi MT1.1T. These results suggested that this strain mitigated salt stress in tomatoes via osmoregulation by accumulation of soluble sugars and H2O2 scavenging activity. Genome analysis data supported plant growth promoting and salt stress mitigation potential of D. abyssi MT1.1T. Survival and colonization of D. abyssi MT1.1T were observed in roots of inoculated tomato seedlings. Biosafety testing on D. abyssi MT1.1T and in silico analysis of its whole genome sequence revealed no evidence of its pathogenicity. Our results demonstrate the potential of deep-sea D. abyssi MT1.1T to mitigate salt stress in tomato seedlings and as a candidate of eco-friendly bio-inoculants for sustainable agriculture.
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9

Wang, Yihan, Fengxin Dong, and Ming Tang. "Transcriptome Analysis of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Casuarina glauca in Damage Mitigation of Roots on NaCl Stress." Microorganisms 10, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010015.

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Анотація:
Casuarina glauca grows in coastal areas suffering long-term damage due to high salt stress. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can colonize their roots to alleviate the effects of salt stress. However, the specific molecular mechanism still needs to be further explored. Our physiological and biochemical analysis showed that Rhizophagus irregularis inoculation played an important role in promoting plant growth, regulating ion balance, and changing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Transcriptome analysis of roots revealed that 1827 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were affected by both R. irregularis inoculation and NaCl stress. The enrichment of GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) showed that most of these DEGs were significantly enriched in ion transport, antioxidant enzyme activity, carbohydrate metabolism, and cell wall. HAK5, KAT3, SKOR, PIP1-2, PER64, CPER, GLP10, MYB46, NAC43, WRKY1, and WRKY19 were speculated to play the important roles in the salt tolerance of C. glauca induced by R. irregularis. Our research systematically revealed the effect of R. irregularis on the gene expression of C. glauca roots under salt stress, laying a theoretical foundation for the future use of AMF to enhance plant tolerance to salt stress.
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Liu, Zehua, Hanghang Liu, Binbin Tan, Xidui Wang, and Peifang Chong. "Mitigation of Salt Stress in Reaumuria soongarica Seedlings by Exogenous Ca2+ and NO Compound Treatment." Agronomy 13, no. 8 (August 14, 2023): 2124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13082124.

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Анотація:
Soil salinization is a common abiotic stress that severely limits the growth of Reaumuria soongarica and reduces its application value. To better understand the response of R. soongarica to salt stress and the physiological mechanisms of exogenous Ca2+ and NO compound treatment in alleviating salt stress, the growth parameters, antioxidant system, carbohydrate metabolism and nitrogen compound metabolism were compared on Days 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 15 and 30. The results showed that salt stress could significantly reduce the plant height, root length, fresh and dry weights of aboveground and underground parts, as well as the relative water content, severely inhibiting the growth of R. soongarica seedlings. After Ca2+ and NO compound treatment, these growth parameters were significantly improved, and the harm caused by stress in R. soongarica was alleviated. Regarding the antioxidant system, the Ca2+ and NO compound treatment could significantly increase the activities of SOD, CAT, APX and GR, as well as the contents of ASA and GSH, which indicated that exogenous Ca2+ and NO could eliminate the accumulated active oxygen by increasing the activities of oxidoreductases and the content of nonenzymatic antioxidant substances, thereby improving the salt tolerance of R. soongarica. Regarding carbon metabolism, after Ca2+ and NO compound treatment, the soluble sugar and sucrose contents, as well as the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase, were significantly increased, which indicated that Ca2+ and NO compound treatment could maintain higher soluble sugar and sucrose contents in R. soongarica and reduce osmotic stress caused by salt treatment. Regarding nitrogen metabolism, the Ca2+ and NO compound treatment reduced the harm of salt stress by regulating the nitrogen compound contents and nitrogen compound-related enzyme activities, including increases in the NO3− content and NR, NiR, GS, GOGAT and GDH activities and a reduction in the NO2− content. The results of this study indicate that the inhibition of the growth and development of R. soongarica by salt stress can be alleviated by regulating the antioxidant system, carbohydrate metabolism and nitrogen compound metabolism, which provides a theoretical basis for Ca2+ and NO compound treatment to improve plant salt tolerance.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "MITIGATION OF SALT STRESS"

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SINGH, SHATRUPA. "AUGMENTATIVE ROLE OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING BACTERIA (PGPB) IN MODULATING RESPONSES AGAINST MITIGATION OF SALT STRESS IN TRIGONELLA FOENUM-GRAECUM." Thesis, DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, 2021. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/18463.

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Анотація:
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) in mitigating salinity stress in Trigonella foenum graecum. Plants were subjected to three different levels of salinity viz 0, 70 and 150 mM NaCl (electrical conductivity value 0.01, 7.67 and 15.50 mS cm-1 , respectively) using a completely randomized design experiment. PGPB showed positive effects in mitigation of salinity stress in fenugreek plants and elevated various growth responses viz. shoot and root length, shoot and root dry weight, leaf area and number of leaves as compared to uninoculated plants. Microbial inoculation significantly enhanced the physiological responses viz. photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration and internal CO2 as compared to uninoculated plants. Biochemical aspects like carotenoids, chlorophylls, nitrogen and protein content were also increased in the microbial inoculated plants as compared to uninoculated plants. PGPB was very effective than in mitigating salinity stress in fenugreek plant. The findings of this study revealed that PGPB inoculation can help the plants to overcome the deleterious effects of salinity stress in fenugreek plants.
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2

Hamzaoui, Soufiane. "Heat stress responses in dairy goats and effects of some nutritional strategies for mitigation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285552.

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Анотація:
En la presente tesis se han llevado a cabo 4 experimentos con cabras lecheras bajo condiciones de estrés por calor (HS) para medir la respuesta bajo las condiciones de estrés (Exp. 1 y 2) y para evaluar el aceite de soja y el propilenglicol como suplementos alimenticios (Exp. 3 y 4). En los Exp. 1 y 2, 8 cabras lecheras de raza Murciano-Granadina, a final (Exp. 1) y a mitad (Exp. 2) de lactación fueron expuestas a diferentes condiciones ambientales, utilizando jaulas metabólicas en una cámara climática. El diseño experimental fue de efecto cruzado (2 periodos de 28-35 d y 4 cabras por grupo) y las condiciones fueron: 1) temperatura neutral (TN, 15 a 20ºC día-noche) y 2) estrés por calor (HS, 12-h d a 37ºC y 12-h noche a 30ºC). La humedad se mantuvo al 40% y luz-oscuridad fue constante (12-12h). Diariamente, se midió la temperatura rectal, la frecuencia respiratoria (0800, 1200 and 1700 h) y la producción de leche, mientras que la composición de la leche y los parámetros sanguíneos fueron evaluados semanalmente. Se determinó los coeficientes de digestibilidad y el balance N y se registró el comportamiento mediante cámaras de video. Además, se realizaron tratamientos con insulina (4.6 µg/kg BW), epinefrina (2 µg/kg BW) y glucosa (0.25 g/kg BW) y se tomaron muestras de sangre para analizar insulina, NEFA y concentraciones de glucosa. En comparación con las cabras TN, las cabras HS experimentaron una mayor temperatura rectal, frecuencia respiratoria, consumo de agua y evaporación de agua. La ingesta de las cabras HS decreció un 21 y 29% en los Exp. 1 i 2, respectivamente. La leche de las cabras HS mostraron un menor porcentaje de grasa, proteína y lactosa. En comparación a las cabras TN, las cabras HS disminuyeron la concentración y la presión sanguínea del CO2 debido al jadeo y mantuvieron el pH sanguineo al bajar la concentración de HCO3–. Las cabras TN y HS tuvieron niveles similares de NEFA en sangre después de la inyección de insulina, pero después de la administración de epinefrina los valores de NEFA fueron mayores (P < 0.05) en las cabras TN que en las HS. Las cabras HS secretaron menos (P < 0.05) insulina que las cabras TN en respuesta al test de tolerancia de glucosa. Las cabras TN y HS presentaron una similar frecuencia alimentaria, aunque la duración de cada ingesta fue menor en las cabras HS que en las TN. Por otra lado, las cabras HS tuvieron una mayor frecuencia de bebida, aunque no hubo variación en la duración. En los Exp. 3 i 4, se utilizaron 8 cabras lecheras multíparas a mitad de lactación de raza Murciano-Granadinas en un diseño de cuadrado latino 4 x 4 con 4 periodos de 21 d cada uno (14 d de adaptación, 5 d de medidas y 2 d de transición entre periodos). Las cabras fueron asignadas a 4 grupos con un diseño factorial 2 x 2. Los factores fueron la suplementación o no suplementación con aceite de soja (Exp. 3) y propilenglicol (Exp. 4) en condiciones de TN o HS iguales a lo mencionado en Exp. 1 y 2. Se evaluó la ingestión, la producción lechera, la composición de la leche y los metabolitos sanguíneos. Desde el punto de vista de salud humana, el HS mejoró el perfil de ácidos grasos de la leche debido a la disminución de los ácidos grasos saturados y el aumento de los ácidos grasos monoinsaturados sin afectar la grasa. El aceite de soja incrementó (P < 0.05) las NEFA en sangre en un 50%, la grasa de la leche en un 30% y el ácido linoleico conjugado en un 360%. La respuesta al aceite de soja fue de la misma magnitud en cabras TN y HS. Por el otro lado, la suplementación con propilenglicol aumentó los niveles de glucosa (P < 0.05) e insulina (P < 0.10), pero disminuyó (P < 0.10) la ingestión y la grasa en leche. Además, los niveles de NEFA y BHBA fueron menores en las cabras suplementadas con el propilenglicol. En conclusion, el HS disminuyó la producción lechera entre un 3 y 10% con una marcada reducción en la proteína de la leche. El tejido lipídico de las cabras HS se volvió insensible a las hormonas lipolíticas, secretando el páncreas menor cantidad de insulina al inyectarle glucosa. El HS no afectó el número de acercamientos al comedero, pero sí redujo su duración. La suplementación con aceite de soja en condiciones HS y TN incrementó de forma similar la grasa de la leche, el ácido trans-vacénico y el ácido linoleico conjugado. Finalmente, el propienglicol incrementó el nivel de glucose e insulina sanguíneo, pero no alteró la proteína de la leche
In the current thesis 4 experiments were carried out using dairy goats under heat stress (HS) to measure responses to HS (Exp. 1 & 2) and to evaluate soybean oil and propylene glycol as feed supplements (Exp. 3 & 4). In Exp. 1 & 2, 8 Murciano-Granadina dairy goats in late (Exp. 1) and mid (Exp. 2) lactation were exposed to different ambient conditions, using metabolic cages in a climatic chamber. Experimental design was a crossover (2 periods of 28-35 d and 4 goats each), and conditions were: 1) thermal neutral (TN, 15 to 20°C day-night), and 2) heat stress (HS, 12-h day at 37°C and 12-h night at 30°C). Humidity was maintained at 40% and light-dark was constant (12-12 h). Rectal temperature and respiratory rate (0800, 1200 and 1700 h) and milk yield were recorded daily, whereas milk composition and blood parameters were evaluated weekly. Digestibility coefficients and N balance were determined and behavior was recorded by video cameras. Moreover, challenges with insulin (4.6 µg/kg BW), epinephrine (2 µg/kg BW) and glucose (0.25 g/kg BW) were done and blood samples were collected for the analysis insulin, NEFA and glucose concentrations. Compared to TN goats, HS goats experienced greater rectal temperature, respiratory rate, water intake, and water evaporation. Intake of HS goats decreased by 21 and 29 in Exp. 1 and 2, respectively. Milk of HS goats contained lower fat, protein and lactose. Panting reduced concentration and pressure of CO2 in blood of HS goats, but they were able to maintain their blood pH similar to TN group by lowering HCO3– in blood. The TN and HS goats had similar blood NEFA after insulin injection, but NEFA values were greater (P < 0.05) in TN than HS goats after epinephrine administration. The HS goats secreted lower (P < 0.05) amounts of insulin than TN goats in response to the glucose tolerance test. Furthermore, TN and HS goats had similar eating bouts, but the duration of each bout was lower in HS than in TN. On the other hand, HS had greater number of drinking bouts with no change in drinking bout durations. In Exp. 3 & 4, 8 multiparous Murciano-Granadina dairy goats at mid lactation were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 4 periods; 21 d each (14 d adaptation, 5 d for measurements and 2 d transition between periods). Goats were allocated to one of 4 treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Factors were supplementation or not with soybean oil (Exp. 3) or propylene glycol (Exp.4, and TN or HS conditions similar to Exp. 1 & 2. Feed intake, milk yield, milk composition, and blood metabolites were evaluated. From the point of view of human health, HS improved milk fatty acid profile by decreasing saturated fatty acids and increasing monounsaturated fatty acids with no effect on milk fat content. The soybean oil increased (P < 0.05) on average blood NEFA by 50%, milk fat by 30%, and conjugated linoleic acid by 360%. The response to soybean oil was with the same magnitude in thermo-neutral and heat stress conditions. On the other hand, the supplementation with propylene glycol increased blood glucose (P < 0.05) and tended to increase (P < 0.10) blood insulin, but dry matter intake and milk fat decreased (P < 0.10). Furthermore, blood NEFA and β-hydroxybutyrate acid decreased (P < 0.05) by propylene glycol. In conclusion, heat stress decreased milk yield by 3 to 10% with a marked reduction in milk protein. Lipid tissue of heat-stressed dairy goats became insensitive to lipolytic hormones and their pancreas secreted lower insulin when glucose was injected. Heat stress had no effect on eating bouts, but the time of each eating bout was shorter. The supplementation with soybean oil increased milk fat, trans-vaccenic acid and conjugated linoleic acid similarly in thermo-neutral as well as in heat stress conditions. Although propylene glycol increased blood glucose and insulin, no change in milk protein was observed.
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3

Mian, Afaq Ahmad. "Improving salt stress resistance in cereals." Thesis, University of York, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1191/.

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Salinity is a complex environmental stress that affects growth and production of agriculturally important crops world-wide. Tolerance to salt stress is variable for different plants and involves integration of various physiological and biochemical mechanisms. This thesis investigates the role in salt tolerance of various transporter genes in important agricultural cereal crops, i.e. rice and barley. Transgenic lines overexpressing OsTPKa, OsTPKb and OsAKT1 were generated using Agrobacterium mediated rice transformation, while for OsAKT1 a loss of function mutant was also isolated. Transgenic and mutant plants were characterized to study the role of these genes in rice. For barley, transgenic lines overexpressing HvHKT2;1 were obtained and studied for its role in barley salt tolerance. Transgenic rice plants overexpressing TPKa did not show any growth phenotype under salt stress conditions, however, the performance of TPKa overexpressors was better at different K+ stress conditions compared to control lines. In contrast, transgenic lines overexpressing TPKb showed improved growth under all K+ and Na+ stress conditions, suggesting that TPK channels plays a crucial role in K+ nutrition and in maintaining a higher K+/Na+ ratio under different K+ and Na+ stress conditions. Characterization of rice AKT1 mutants and overexpressors showed the involvement of the AKT1 channel in Na+ uptake at low [K+]ext or high [Na+]ext concentrations and both overexpression and loss of function resulted in reduced growth under these conditions. On the other hand, data from experiments with barley HKT2;1 overexpressing lines showed improved growth under salt stress conditions possibly via Na+ exclusion or accumulation of excessive Na+ in the shoots. Overall, the findings point to two important aspects of salt tolerance: firstly, the contribution of TPKa and TPKb to K+ homeostasis, particularly that of TPKb in maintaining ion homeostasis during different K+ and Na+ stress conditions. Secondly, a role of AKT1 and HKT2;1 in Na+ uptake at the root soil boundary is inferred. These findings reconfirm the idea that maintaining a high K+/Na+ ratio is crucial for salt tolerance in both rice and barley. In barley, HvHKT2;1 overexpressors showed improved salt tolerance via Na+ redistribution from shoot to root and accumulation of Na+ in older leaves. The transgenic lines overexpressing TPKs and HKT2;1 and the information gained from this study could be used in future breeding programs or to generate multiple overexpressors to study the additive or synergistic effects of traits that will add to the present knowledge of ion transport in rice and barley.
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Crowley, Cara Leilani. "Bile salt induced stress response pathways." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289231.

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Our lab has shown that the bile salt found in the highest concentration in human fecal water, sodium deoxycholate, induces apoptosis in several cell types including Jurkat cells as well as human colonic epithelial cells. We have also found that cells within the normal appearing flat mucosa of patients with a history of colon cancer are relatively resistant to apoptosis induced by NaDOC. The current studies test the hypothesis that sodium deoxycholate induces multiple stress response pathway s that protect against apoptosis. I have tested this hypothesis by developing and analyzing cell lines that are resistant to sodium deoxycholate-induced apoptosis and focusing on two stress-response proteins known to be activated by sodium deoxycholate, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and the redo-sensitive transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). I found that PARP is protective against NaDOC-induced apoptosis, and by independently inhibiting the individual subunits of NF-κB, I found that the p65 subunit is protective, while the p50 subunit is not. Development and subsequent characterization of the NaDOC-resistant HCT-116 cell lines identified several proteins that may be responsible for the development of apoptosis resistance. These proteins will be further tested in future studies.
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Unruh, Ellen M. "Heat stress detection and mitigation in feedlot cattle." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38179.

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Master of Science in Biomedical Sciences
Department of Clinical Sciences
Robert L. Larson
Bradley J. White
Feedlot cattle frequently endure high environmental temperature-humidity index conditions in the summer months within cattle feeding regions of North America. Heat stress develops when the total heat gain (combined effects of environmental and metabolic factors) exceeds an animal’s heat loss capabilities. The objective of my research was evaluating heat mitigation strategies and developing a practical method to identify animals that are of greatest risk of heat stress; thus improving animal welfare and performance. A number of heat abatement strategies have been utilized in US feedlots including shade, sprinklers, nutritional modifications, and misters. A literature review was performed using published journal articles demonstrated significant benefits of providing shade to feedlot cattle. Sprinkling the pen surface may be just as beneficial as sprinkling or misting cattle. Sprinkling the ground not only cooled the ground which increased the thermal gradient between lying cattle and the ground, but also provided increased thermal conductivity and better heat flow down that gradient. A study was performed to develop a noninvasive, remotely applied, practical method to identify animals at risk for heat stress. Infrared thermography images were obtained during the morning hours and pant scores obtained in the afternoon hours. Data mining techniques were employed to evaluate accuracy of potential classification methods to identify heat stress events in the afternoon based on the known morning data. Using infrared technology as a diagnostic test was not accurate for predicting heat stress events in the study presented. Finally a retrospective study of Kansas feedlot performance, medical and weather data was performed. Findings indicate that diagnostic counts of bovine respiratory disease are associated with elevated ambient temperature two days prior. In conclusion, heat stress in beef feedlot animals is an important area of research. Heat mitigation methods such as shade have been proven to be effective at reducing heat stress in beef feeder cattle. Further research is needed to evaluate the use of infrared technology to predict heat stress events in the feedlot setting.
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6

Verbruggen, Nathalie. "Proline accumulation after salt-stress in arabidopsis thaliana." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212895.

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7

Moser, Chase. "Experimental evolution of «Chlamydomonas reinhardtii » under salt stress." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=94916.

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Abstract The environment is now changing much faster than in recent geological time, causing increasing population extinctions. Experiments have shown that extinction can be avoided by adaptation through natural selection leading to evolutionary rescue. I first determined the response of Chlamydomonas to stressful environments by growing populations over a range of salinity. The population growth is halved at 5 g/L salt (NaCl), and 8 g/L is lethal. In this experiment, the genetic correlation between environments increases with environmental similarity. I then manipulated the genotypic diversity in experimental populations and cultured them by serial transfer at 5 g/L salt. The outcome of adaptation is not influenced by initial genetic variation. Instead, populations adapted mainly through the spread of new beneficial mutations. These results suggest that populations have a greater chance of adapting when new environments are similar to current conditions and that adaptation is sometimes dominated by the spread of new mutations, even in the presence of a substantial amount of standing genetic variation.
Résumé Notre environnement change maintenant beaucoup plus rapidement que dans le passé géologique récent, précipitant l'extinction de plus en plus d'espèces. Des chercheurs ont démontré que, grâce à l'adaptation par la sélection naturelle, des espèces peuvent éviter l'extinction, un processus nommé sauvetage évolutif. J'ai d'abord étudié la capacité de Chlamydomonas à croitre dans des environnements dont la salinité augmente. J'ai trouvé que 5 g/L de sel diminue la croissance de moitié tandis que 8 g/L est suffisant pour empêcher toute croissance. Ici, la corrélation génétique entre environnement augmente avec la similarité des environnements comparés. J'ai ensuite soumis des populations contenant différentes quantités de diversité génétique initiale à une salinité de 5 g/L. La diversité génétique initiale ne semble pas influencer la capacité d'adaptation. Cependant, les populations semblent plutôt s'adapter en utilisant de nouvelles mutations dont l'effet est bénéfique. Ces résultats suggèrent que les populations s'adapteront plus facilement à des environnements similaires aux conditions présentes. De plus, ce processus sera dominé par la fixation de nouvelles mutations, même dans des populations contenant de la diversité génétique.
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8

Shafiq-ur-Rehman. "Physiological responses of acacia seeds to salt stress." Thesis, Coventry University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363856.

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9

Crane, Andrew John. "The spectral detection of salt stress in cotton." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292358.

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Stergiopoulos, Konstantinos. "Functional genomics of salt stress in 'Drosophila melanogaster'." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433614.

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Книги з теми "MITIGATION OF SALT STRESS"

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Ahmad, Parvaiz, M. M. Azooz, and M. N. V. Prasad, eds. Salt Stress in Plants. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6108-1.

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2

Costanzo, Vincenzo, Gianpiero Evola, and Luigi Marletta. Urban Heat Stress and Mitigation Solutions. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003045922.

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3

1932-, Sherman Kenneth, Alexander Lewis M. 1921-, and Gold Barry D, eds. Large marine ecosystems: Stress, mitigation, and sustainability. Washington, DC: AAAS Press, 1993.

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4

Yunus, Mohammad, Nandita Singh, and Luit J. de Kok, eds. Environmental Stress: Indication, Mitigation and Eco-conservation. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9532-2.

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5

Hasanuzzaman, Mirza, and Mohsin Tanveer, eds. Salt and Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40277-8.

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Ahmad, Parvaiz, M. M. Azooz, and M. N. V. Prasad, eds. Ecophysiology and Responses of Plants under Salt Stress. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4747-4.

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7

Crane, Andrew John. The spectral detection of salt stress in cotton. Portsmouth: Portsmouth Polytechnic, Dept. of Geography, 1991.

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8

Akhtar, Mohd Sayeed, ed. Salt Stress, Microbes, and Plant Interactions: Causes and Solution. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8801-9.

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Akhtar, Mohd Sayeed, ed. Salt Stress, Microbes, and Plant Interactions: Mechanisms and Molecular Approaches. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8805-7.

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10

J, Fredericks J., and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, eds. Stress, salt flux, and dynamics of a partially mixed estuary. Woods Hole, Mass: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1998.

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Частини книг з теми "MITIGATION OF SALT STRESS"

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Mukhtar, Salma, Dalaq Aiysha, Samina Mehnaz, and Kauser Abdulla Malik. "Microbiomes of Hypersaline Soils and Their Role in Mitigation of Salt Stress." In Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, 243–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73507-4_9.

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2

Challa, Surekha, Titash Dutta, and Nageswara Rao Reddy Neelapu. "Microbiomes Associated with Plant Growing Under the Hypersaline Habitats and Mitigation of Salt Stress." In Advances in Plant Microbiome and Sustainable Agriculture, 151–78. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3204-7_7.

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Chandra*, Priyanka, Awtar Singh, Madhu Choudhary, and R. K. Yadav. "Role of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria in Mitigating Salt Stress." In Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, 65–90. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003245841-4.

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4

Phour, Manisha, and Satyavir S. Sindhu. "Soil Salinity and Climate Change: Microbiome-Based Strategies for Mitigation of Salt Stress to Sustainable Agriculture." In Climate Change Management, 191–243. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21079-2_13.

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Enespa, Jai Prakash, and Prem Chandra. "Halophilic Microbes from Plant Growing Under the Hypersaline Habitats and Their Application for Plant Growth and Mitigation of Salt Stress." In Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, 317–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38453-1_11.

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Majeed, Abdul, Zahir Muhammad, and Saira Siyyar. "Employment of Seed Priming as a Salt-Stress Mitigating Approach in Agriculture: Challenges and Opportunities." In Soil Science: Fundamentals to Recent Advances, 415–32. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0917-6_21.

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Abbas, Mohamed S., Hattem M. El-Shabrawi, Mai A. Selim, and Amira Sh Soliman. "Effect of Salt Stress on Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of African Locust Bean {Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) Benth.} Cell Suspension Culture." In Mitigating Environmental Stresses for Agricultural Sustainability in Egypt, 215–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64323-2_8.

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Geilfus, Christoph-Martin. "Salt Stress." In Controlled Environment Horticulture, 69–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23197-2_7.

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Wickens, Gerald E. "Salt Stress." In Ecophysiology of Economic Plants in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, 131–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03700-3_7.

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Mckersie, Bryan D., and Ya’acov Y. Leshem. "Salt stress." In Stress and Stress Coping in Cultivated Plants, 55–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3093-8_3.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "MITIGATION OF SALT STRESS"

1

Cho, S. W., W. G. Yi, N. Mohr, A. Amanov, C. Stover, J. Tatman, V. Vasudevan, et al. "A Development of the Technical Basis for the New Code Case “Mitigation of PWSCC and CISCC in ASME Section III Components by the Advanced Surface Stress Improvement Technology”." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93330.

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Abstract It is necessary for nuclear power plant operation and spent fuel canisters to provide a sound technical basis for the safety and security of long-term operation and storage respectively. A new code case for mitigation of Primary Water Stress Corrosion Cracking (PWSCC) and Chloride Induced Stress Corrosion Cracking (CISCC) in Section III components by using an advanced surface stress improvement technology (ASSIT) is being developed by Task Group ASSIT which is one of the task groups under the ASME (The American Society of Mechanical Engineers). The necessary technical reports supporting this code case are being developed as part of joint research projects conducted by Doosan Heavy Industries and Construction (DOOSAN), Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and Sun Moon University (SMU). A well-known approach to prevent PWSCC and CISCC are to be performed using materials resistant to PWSCC and CISCC. The objective is to eliminate residual tensile stresses, or to induce compressive residual stress using ASSIT methods such as laser peening, water jet/cavitation peening, ultrasonic peening and ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM). Performance and measurement criteria for mitigation of PWSCC by ASSIT will be established based on the magnitude of surface stress and depth of compressive residual stress, sustainability, inspectability and lack of adverse effects. Additionally, for mitigation of CISCC by ASSIT, the evaluation of chloride induced corrosion pitting, the depth and density of corrosion pits and stress corrosion crack initiation and growth under chloride salt chemistry conditions are also being examined. This paper explains the approach, and progress of testing and analysis. The results and details from testing and analysis will be presented in a future PVP paper upon completion.
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Brandão, M. O., J. Lima, E. Almeida, O. Borges, J. McCarthy, P. Nott, and J. McNab. "SPIRE: Flexible Riser Condition Monitoring System Applied to Pre-Salt Fields With High CO2." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18948.

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Abstract The development of Brazil’s Offshore fields has been performed using flexible pipes because this pipe technology offers significantly increased flexibility, enabling the movement of pipes between wells and reducing lead time to bring a well onstream as compared to rigid pipe solutions. In addition, the decision of where exactly to drill development wells can be delayed, thus making the drilling campaigns easier, cheaper and faster [1]. With the increased activity in Pre-Salt, some challenges to flexible pipes were uncovered and needed to be addressed, notably oil composition and corrosive agents, e.g. H2S, and, specifically for the case of this paper, CO2. At high pressures, such as found in pre-Salt fields, these contaminants create new Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) failure modes and several mitigation measures have been adopted to overcome them, focused either on the installed fleet or on the next generation of pipes to be delivered. SCC is a condition that induces failure in the pipes’ metallic layers, but it needs three elements to occur: water, tensile stress exceeding a critical level and a susceptible material. If one of these three elements is suppressed, the phenomena does not to happen. This paper will cover and present a technology developed to detect the annulus water condition — dry or flooded — and thereby allow a correct integrity management strategy to be adopted. The technology is based on an embedded sensing system together with topside equipment to read the status. The use of such a system is important for the next generation of flexible pipes as it will allow better management of the fleet, with the required measurements performed from the production unit without the need of any support vessel and hence at a reduced cost.
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3

Preve´y, Paul S., Nayarananan Jayaraman, and Ravi Ravindranath. "Fatigue Life Extension of Steam Turbine Alloys Using Low Plasticity Burnishing (LPB)." In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-22995.

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Low Plasticity Burnishing (LPB) dramatically improves the damage tolerance of titanium alloy blades, mitigating blade-disk dovetail fretting and blade edge damage in gas turbines. LPB surface treatment of martensitic stainless steels Alloy 450 and 17-4PH subject to corrosion fatigue and pitting in the low-pressure sections of stream turbines has now been investigated. Condensation in the low-pressure steam turbine environment supports corrosion pitting and corrosion fatigue in martensitic stainless steels, primary failure mechanisms driving steam turbine repair and operational expense. Chloride corrosion fatigue results with and without high kf surface damage are compared for LPB, shot peened, and machined 17-4PH; and for ground and LPB treated Alloy 450. The depth and magnitude of compression achieved by the surface treatments are documented. LPB increased the undamaged fatigue strength of 17-4PH by 30% in neutral salt solution, and of Alloy 450 in acidic salt by 50%. In both alloys LPB mitigated damage to the 1 mm depth of compression. The cyclic stress corrosion component of corrosion fatigue was eliminated by the deep LPB compression, effectively restoring the endurance limit lost in active corrosion fatigue in both alloys.
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Dey, Dipayan, Dipayan Dey, Ashoka Maity, and Ashoka Maity. "INTEGRATED ALGA-CULTURE IN INUNDATED COASTAL FARMLANDS OF INDIAN SUNDARBANS AS A SUSTAINABLE ADAPTATION FOR MARGINAL COMMUNITIES TOWARDS CLIMATE RISK REDUCTION." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b94727c6e25.03483562.

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Algae has a great potential for quick capture of biological carbon and its storage in saltwater-inundated coastal wetlands and can also be introduced as a climate adaptive alternate farming practice. An intervention with native algal flora Enteromorpha sp. in enclosed coastal Sundarbans in India on two open water culture techniques, viz. U-Lock & Fish-Bone, shows that growth in native algal stock is influenced by seasonal variations of salinity and other limnological factors. Sundarbans, facing the odds of climate change is fast loosing arable lands to sea level rise. Algaculture in inundated coastal areas can be an adaptive mitigation for the same. Perusal of results show that daily growth rate (DGR%) increases with increasing salinity of the intruding tidal waters to an extent and biomass increment under salt stress results in accumulation of metabolites those are having nutrient values and can yield bio-diesel as well. Algal growth recorded mostly in post monsoon period, has impacts on pH and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) of the ambient water to facilitate integrated pisciculture. The paper suggests that alga-culture has unrealized potentials in carbon sequestration and can be significantly used for extraction of Biodiesel.
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Dey, Dipayan, Dipayan Dey, Ashoka Maity, and Ashoka Maity. "INTEGRATED ALGA-CULTURE IN INUNDATED COASTAL FARMLANDS OF INDIAN SUNDARBANS AS A SUSTAINABLE ADAPTATION FOR MARGINAL COMMUNITIES TOWARDS CLIMATE RISK REDUCTION." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4315abc24f.

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Анотація:
Algae has a great potential for quick capture of biological carbon and its storage in saltwater-inundated coastal wetlands and can also be introduced as a climate adaptive alternate farming practice. An intervention with native algal flora Enteromorpha sp. in enclosed coastal Sundarbans in India on two open water culture techniques, viz. U-Lock & Fish-Bone, shows that growth in native algal stock is influenced by seasonal variations of salinity and other limnological factors. Sundarbans, facing the odds of climate change is fast loosing arable lands to sea level rise. Algaculture in inundated coastal areas can be an adaptive mitigation for the same. Perusal of results show that daily growth rate (DGR%) increases with increasing salinity of the intruding tidal waters to an extent and biomass increment under salt stress results in accumulation of metabolites those are having nutrient values and can yield bio-diesel as well. Algal growth recorded mostly in post monsoon period, has impacts on pH and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) of the ambient water to facilitate integrated pisciculture. The paper suggests that alga-culture has unrealized potentials in carbon sequestration and can be significantly used for extraction of Biodiesel.
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6

Lu, S. C., G. M. Gordon, P. L. Andresen, and M. L. Herrera. "Modeling of Stress Corrosion Cracking for High Level Radioactive-Waste Packages." In ASME 2003 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2003-2139.

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A stress corrosion cracking (SCC) model has been adapted for performance prediction of high level radioactive-waste packages to be emplaced in the proposed Yucca Mountain radioactive-waste repository. SCC is one form of environmentally assisted cracking resulting from the presence of three factors: metallurgical susceptibility, critical environment, and tensile stresses. For waste packages of the proposed Yucca Mountain repository, the outer barrier material is the highly corrosion-resistant Alloy UNS-N06022, the environment is represented by the water film present on the surface of the waste package from dripping or deliquescence of soluble salts present in any surface deposits, and the stress is principally the weld induced residual stress. SCC has historically been separated into “initiation” and “propagation” phases. Initiation of SCC will not occur on a smooth surface if the surface stress is below a threshold value defined as the threshold stress. Cracks can also initiate at and propagate from flaws (or defects) resulting from manufacturing processes (such as welding). To account for crack propagation, the slip dissolution/film rupture (SDFR) model is adopted to provide mathematical formulas for prediction of the crack growth rate. Once the crack growth rate at an initiated SCC is determined, the time to through-wall penetration for the waste package can be calculated. The SDFR model relates the advance (or propagation) of cracks, subsequent to the crack initiation from bare metal surface, to the metal oxidation transients that occur when the protective film at the crack tip is continually ruptured and repassivated. There exists a threshold stress intensity factor, which provides a criterion for determining if an initiated crack or pre-existing manufacturing flaw arrest. This paper presents the research results that quantify the threshold stress, threshold stress intensity factor, and the parameters in the crack growth rate equation based on experimental results developed specifically for Alloy UNS-N06022 in environments relevant to high level radioactive-waste packages of the proposed Yucca Mountain radioactive-waste repository. Stress mitigation by the laser peening technique is also discussed.
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Ciarmiello, Loredana, Petronia Carillo, and Pasqualina Woodrow. "Plant Molecular Responses to Salt Stress." In The 1st International Electronic Conference on Plant Science. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecps2020-08642.

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Yerushalmi, Gil. "Salt stress confers cold tolerance inDrosophila." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.117445.

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Uhlig, Ralf, Cathy Frantz, Robert Flesch, and Andreas Fritsch. "Stress analysis of external molten salt receiver." In SolarPACES 2017: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5067076.

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Rao, D. H., and D. G. Kulkarni. "NLP for stress mitigation in employees." In 2010 International Conference on Education and Management Technology (ICEMT). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemt.2010.5657585.

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Звіти організацій з теми "MITIGATION OF SALT STRESS"

1

Sandhage, Kenneth. Mitigation of Molten Salt Corrosion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1891879.

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2

Dennis C. Kunerth, Eric D. Larsen, Timothy R. Mcjunkin, and Arthur D. Watkins. The Effects of Stress Mitigation on Nondestructive Examination. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/911034.

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3

Wiersma, B., and R. Fuentes. CHEMISTRY ENVELOPE FOR PITTING AND STRESS CORROSION CRACKING MITIGATION. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1568783.

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4

Yagmur, Fatma, and Fatih Hanci. Does Melatonin Improve Salt Stress Tolerance in Onion Genotypes? "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2021.03.18.

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5

Hackel, L., C. Hao-Lin, F. Wong, and M. Hill. High-Performance Laser Peening for Effective Mitigation of Stress Corrosion Cracking. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15004903.

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6

Ten Cate, James A., Timothy J. II Ulrich, and Neil R. Brown. Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking: Recommendations for Mitigation and Advanced Detection. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1055242.

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7

Zhou, Aifen, Kristina Hillesland, Zhili He, Marcin Joachimiak, Grant Zane, Paramvir Dehal, Adam Arkin, et al. Genetic Adaptation to Salt Stress in Experimental Evolution of Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/985929.

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8

Munson, D. E., K. L. DeVries, A. F. Fossum, and G. D. Callahan. Extension of the M-D model for treating stress drops in salt. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10173279.

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9

Hardin, Ernest, Kristopher L. Kuhlman, and Francis D. Hansen. Technical Feasibility of Measuring Low-Stress Low Strain-Rate Deformation Relevant to a Salt Repository. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1164537.

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10

Demirbas, Sefer, and Alpay Balkan. The Effect of H2O2 Pre-treatment on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Triticale under Salt Stress. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2020.08.17.

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