Готові списки джерел за темами / Microstructure defects

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Microstructure defects"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Microstructure defects"

1

Chen, Xiao Hui, and Xiao Jun Liu. "Automatic Inspection of Typical Microstructure Defects Based on Image Processing Techniques." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 2622–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.2622.

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Анотація:
Micro-structural defects influence the performance of MEMS devices. For effective quality monitoring and assurance in mass-production of MEMS devices, it is necessary to conduct automatic defect inspection. In this paper, an approach based on image processing for automatic microstructure defect inspection is presented. In the approach, an Influence Region Template is built based on a reference microstructure image while it preserves the framework and restrains the tiny distortion of the reference, then the test microstructure image is compared with the Influencing Region Template for quality evaluation. By the approach, typical defects such as blocks in trenches or channels, transfixions between trenches or channels and missing of some part and so on, are detected and classified automatically, while some distortions which do not affect the function of the microstructures are ignored. Testing results show that the approach can conduct a high quality assurance while it can endure a given distortion tolerance of microstructures.
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2

Murr, L. E. "Microstructure-property hypermaps for shock-loaded materials." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 44 (August 1986): 416–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100143675.

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Анотація:
Residual deformation-induced metallurgical effects or structure (microstructure)-property relationships are now generally well documented to be the result of stress or strain-induced microstructures, or microstructural changes in polycrystalline metals and alloys. In many cases, strain hardening, work hardening, or other controlling deformation mechanisms can be described by the generation, movement, and interactions of dislocations and other crystal defects which produce drag, or a range of impedances, including obstacles to dislocation motion.
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3

Wu, Fan. "Microstructure and Defect Study in Thin Film Heterostructure Materials." Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia 10, no. 2 (February 25, 2020): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210681208666181008143408.

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Deformation twins and phase interface are important planar defects and microstructures that greatly influence the overall performance of a material system. In multi-layer thin-film heterostructures, their effect is more manifest due to the small dimension of thin films and their influence on the growth of multi-layer structures. This article reviews the recent progress in microstructure and defects observed in thin film heterostructures, serving as a guideline for future research in this field. The multilayer thin-film heterostructures studied here were grown by pulsed laser deposition technique. Microstructures and defects were investigated by Transmission Electron Microscopy.
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4

Selyshchev, Pavlo, and V. Sugakov. "Nanoscale Modulation of Material Properties by Means of Irradiation." Key Engineering Materials 708 (September 2016): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.708.30.

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A theoretical approach is developed to describe creation of space-periodical modulation of microstructure by means irradiation and influence of this modulation on properties of the irradiated material. It has considered nonlinear dynamics of development of radiation-induced defects. The structure of defects drives microstructure and changes material properties. It is found that nanoscale space-periodical distribution is results of interaction of radiation-induced defects both with each other and with elements of microstructure. It is shown that homogenous defect distribution become instable and bifurcation happen with respect to development of space-periodical distribution. Thus change of microstructure and material properties become space-periodical. Period of inhomogeneity and bifurcation values of parameters have been obtained.
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5

Szpunar, Jerzy A., and Bae Kyun Kim. "High Temperature Oxidation of Steel; New Description of Structure and Properties of Oxide." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.223.

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The quality of steel sheets is strongly affected by the surface defects that can be generated during hot rolling and are often related to scales removal operation. These defects are related to rather complex high temperature oxidation processes. In order to reduce an occurrence of the defects, it is necessary to understand better the formation of iron oxides during high temperature oxidation, the structure of the interfaces with the substrate and between different oxide phases. However, due to the lack of good experimental research tools details of iron oxide microstructures were not investigated. Conventional methods, such as backscattered electron images or fractography can only provide general characteristics of microstructures like grain morphology and grain size. In this paper the microstructure, phase distribution and texture in oxide formed during high temperature oxidation of iron and low carbon steels are investigated. The oxide microstructures are characterized by orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) on the cross-sectional area of the oxide layers. It is demonstrated that OIM using electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) techniques, can be used to distinguish grains having different phase composition and orientation and can become invaluable tool for visualizing the oxide microstructure, texture and also can be used to study oxide defects. The three different iron oxides phases can be distinguished and the characteristics of oxides with different oxidation histories compared The characteristics of high temperature oxidation microstructure of iron are presented with description of iron oxide defects and cracking as well as the illustration of the interfacial microstructure between the layered iron oxides.
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6

YEOM, JONG-TAEK, JEOUNG HAN KIM, JAE-KEUN HONG, NHO-KWANG PARK, and CHONG SOO LEE. "INFLUENCE OF INITIAL MICROSTRUCTURE ON HOT WORKABILITY OF Ti-6Al-4V ALLOY." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 06n07 (March 20, 2009): 808–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209060063.

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Анотація:
Hot workability of Ti -6 Al -4 V alloy with different initial microstructures was investigated by considering processing maps and the dynamic material deformation behavior. The emphasis has been focused on the effect of initial microstructure (equiaxed versus bimodal structure). Process maps were generated using the dynamic material model (DMM), unifying the relationships between constitutive deformation behavior, hot workability and microstructures evolution. Also, the flow instability was investigated using the various flow instability criteria and microstructural analysis. To establish the processing maps with different initial microstructures, high temperature compression tests were carried out at various temperatures and strain rates up to a true strain of 0.7. Microstructural changes occurring during the deformation were analyzed in terms of high temperature deformation mechanisms. Finally the useful instability criterion for predicting the forming defects was suggested through the compression test results with different temperatures and strain rates.
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7

Choudhury, Amitava, Snehanshu Pal, Ruchira Naskar, and Amitava Basumallick. "Computer vision approach for phase identification from steel microstructure." Engineering Computations 36, no. 6 (July 8, 2019): 1913–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-11-2018-0498.

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Анотація:
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop an automated phase segmentation model from complex microstructure. The mechanical and physical properties of metals and alloys are influenced by their microstructure, and therefore the investigation of microstructure is essential. Coexistence of random or sometimes patterned distribution of different microstructural features such as phase, grains and defects makes microstructure highly complex, and accordingly identification or recognition of individual phase, grains and defects within a microstructure is difficult.Design/methodology/approachIn this perspective, computer vision and image processing techniques are effective to help in understanding and proper interpretation of microscopic image. Microstructure-based image processing mainly focuses on image segmentation, boundary detection and grain size approximation. In this paper, a new approach is presented for automated phase segmentation from 2D microstructure images. The benefit of the proposed work is to identify dominated phase from complex microstructure images. The proposed model is trained and tested with 373 different ultra-high carbon steel (UHCS) microscopic images.FindingsIn this paper, Sobel and Watershed transformation algorithms are used for identification of dominating phases, and deep learning model has been used for identification of phase class from microstructural images.Originality/valueFor the first time, the authors have implemented edge detection followed by watershed segmentation and deep learning (convolutional neural network) to identify phases of UHCS microstructure.
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8

Chen, Kunfeng, Yanlu Li, Chao Peng, Zheng Lu, Xingyun Luo, and Dongfeng Xue. "Microstructure and defect characteristics of lithium niobate with different Li concentrations." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 8, no. 17 (2021): 4006–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1qi00562f.

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Анотація:
Li vacancies and Nb antisites are stable point defects in congruent lithium niobate. The intrinsic point defects induce the Li/Nb cation mixing, the formation of temperature-dependent defect microstructures, and disorder within the LiNbO3 lattice frame.
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9

Pataric, Aleksandra, Marija Mihailovic, Branislav Markovic, Miroslav Sokic, Andreja Radovanovic, and Branka Jordovic. "Microstructure as an essential aspect of EN AW 7075 aluminum alloy quality influenced by electromagnetic field during continuous casting process." Chemical Industry 75, no. 1 (2021): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind201214006p.

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Анотація:
Microstructure assessment is crucial for the design and production of high-quality alloys such as cast aluminum alloy ingots. Along with the effect of a more homogeneous microstructure to result in much better mechanical properties, better as-cast alloy quality indicates a higher efficiency of the aluminum alloys production process. During the aluminum alloy solidification process many microstructural defects can occur, which deteriorate the mechanical properties and hence decrease the usability of such an ingot. Application of the electromagnetic field during the vertical continuous casting process significantly reduces occurrence of these defects. In the present study, EN AW 7075 alloy samples were cast with and without application of an electromagnetic field and examined regarding the microstructure, electrical conductivity, and changes in the phase composition. The obtained results clearly show that it is possible to decrease or avoid casting defects by the electromagnetic field application as verified by the microstructure characterization and quantification, electrical conductivity tests and differential thermal analysis (DTA).
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10

Xu, Qing Yan, Bai Cheng Liu, Zuo Jian Liang, Jia Rong Li, Shi Zhong Liu, and Ha Llong Yuan. "Modeling of Unidirectional Growth in a Single Crystal Turbine Blade Casting." Materials Science Forum 508 (March 2006): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.508.111.

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Анотація:
Single crystal superalloy turbine blade are widely used in aero-engineering. However, there are often grain defects occurring during the fabrication of blade by casting. It is important to study the formation of microstructure related defects in turbine blades. Single crystal blade sample castings of a nickel-base superalloy were produced at different withdrawal rates by the directional solidification process and investment casting. There was a difference between the microstructure morphology at the top part of the turbine blade sample castings and the one at the bottom. Higher withdrawal rates led to more differences in the microstructure and a higher probability of crystallographic defect formation such as high angle boundaries at locations with an abrupt change of the transversal section area. To further investigate the formation of grain defects, a numerical simulation technique was used to predict the crystallographic defects occurring during directional solidification. The simulation results agreed with the experimental ones.
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Дисертації з теми "Microstructure defects"

1

Yi, Jianzhang. "Effect of microstructure and defects on the fatigue behaviour of cast A356-T6 aluminium-silicon alloy." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405613.

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2

Hayward, Erin G. "Atomistic studies of defects in bcc iron: dislocations and gas bubbles." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44761.

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The structure and interactions of the defects in material on an atomistic scale ulti- mately determine the macroscopic behavior of that material. A fundamental understanding of how defects behave is essential for predicting materials failure; this is especially true in an irradiated environment, where defects are created at higher than average rates. In this work, we present two different atomistic scale computational studies of defects in body centered cubic (bcc) iron. First, the interaction energies between screw dislocations (line defects) and various kinds of point defects will be calculated, using anisotropic linear elastic theory and atomistic simulation, and compared. Second, the energetics and behavior of hydrogen and hydrogen-helium gas bubbles will be investigated.
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3

Adegoke, Olutayo. "Processability of Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Alloy 247LC : Influence of process parameters on microstructure and defects." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för avverkande och additativa tillverkningsprocesser (AAT), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-16114.

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This thesis is about laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) of the nickel-based superalloy: Alloy 247LC. Alloy 247LC is used mainly in gas turbine blades and processing the blades with L-PBF confers performance advantage over the blades manufactured with conventional methods. This is mainly because L-PBF is more suitable, than conventional methods, for manufacturing the complex cooling holes in the blades. The research was motivated by the need for academia and industry to gain knowledge about the processability of the alloy using L-PBF. The knowledge is essential in order to eventually solve the problem of cracking which is a major problem when manufacturing the alloy. In addition, dense parts with low void content should be manufactured and the parts should meet the required performance. Thus, the thesis answered some of the important questions related to process parameter-microstructure-defect relationships. The thesis presented an introduction in chapter 1. A literature review was made in chapter 2 to 4. In chapter 2, the topic of additive manufacturing was introduced followed by an overview of laser powder bed fusion. Chapter 3 focused on superalloys. Here, a review was made from the broader perspective of superalloys but was eventually narrowed down to the characteristics of nickelbased superalloys and finally Alloy 247LC. Chapter 4 reviewed the main research on L-PBF of Alloy 247LC. The methodology applied in the thesis was discussed in chapter 5. The thesis applied statistical design of experiments to show the influence of process parameters on the defects and microstructure, so a detail description of the method was warranted. This was given at the beginning of chapter 5 and followed by the description of the L-PBF manufacturing and the characterization methods. The main results and discussions, in chapter 6, included a preliminary investigation on how the process parameters influenced the amount of discontinuity in single track samples. This was followed by the results and discussions on the investigation of voids, cracks and microhardness in cube samples (detail presentation was given in the attached paper B). Finally, the thesis presented results of the microstructure obtainable in L-PBF manufactured Alloy 247LC. The initial results of the microstructure investigation were presented in paper A.
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4

Lee, Soon Gi. "Quantitative Characterization of Processing-Microstructure-Properties Relationships in Pressure Die-Cast Mg Alloys." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11552.

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The central goal of this research is to quantitatively characterize the relationships between processing, microstructure, and mechanical properties of important high-pressure die-cast (HPDC) Mg-alloys. For this purpose, a new digital image processing technique for automatic detection and segmentation of gas and shrinkage pores in the cast microstructure is developed and it is applied to quantitatively characterize the effects of HPDC process parameters on the size distribution and spatial arrangement of porosity. To get better insights into detailed geometry and distribution of porosity and other microstructural features, an efficient and unbiased montage based serial sectioning technique is applied for reconstruction of three-dimensional microstructures. The quantitative microstructural data have been correlated to the HPDC process parameters and the mechanical properties. The analysis has led to hypothesis of formation of new type of shrinkage porosity called, gas induced shrinkage porosity that has been substantiated via simple heat transfer simulations. The presence of inverse surface macrosegregation has been also shown for the first time in the HPDC Mg-alloys. An image analysis based technique has been proposed for simulations of realistic virtual microstructures that have realistic complex pore morphologies. These virtual microstructures can be implemented in the object oriented finite elements framework to model the variability in the fracture sensitive mechanical properties of the HPDC alloys.
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5

Sun, Qianying. "Conducting ceramics based on ZnO co-doped by (Al, Ti, Mg) : microstructure, electronic active defects and electrical properties." Thesis, Le Mans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LEMA1014.

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Les céramiques conductrices à base de ZnO suscitent un important intérêt pour leurs applications comme varistances, capteurs de gaz, électrodes transparentes, dispositifs piézoélectriques, électro-optiques ou thermoélectriques. Le dopage de ZnO confère aux céramiques formées des propriétés électriques et optiques remarquables caractérisées par une transparence optique modulée, des énergies de liaison élevées pour les excitons, et des conductivités électriques atteignant 0.1 MS.m-1. La grande conductivité de ZnO est intimement liée aux éléments dopants, à la microstructure des céramiques et aux conditions de synthèse et traitements. Les joints de grains, la structure cristalline, le désordre structural et les défauts électroniques contribuent au comportement électrique des matériaux. Le présent travail de thèse s'inscrit dans ce contexte et porte sur la mise en œuvre de méthodes de fabrication de céramiques à base de ZnO co-dopées par des éléments (Al, Ti, Mg) et l'étude de leurs caractéristiques physiques incluant la structure cristalline, la microstructure et le comportement électrique. Ainsi, des études exhaustives ont été menées par des méthodes structurales (RX, Raman), microscopies (MET, MEB) et de résonance magnétique (RPE, RMN) sensible à l'ordre local et aux défauts électroniques actifs. La conductivité est ajustée par la nature des éléments dopants, l'atmosphère de frittage et les méthodes de fabrication par solutions solides ou par frittage flash (SPS). La corrélation "Préparation - Structure - Conductivité" a été établie pour la réalisation de céramiques à base de ZnO avec de fortes conductivités ouvrant la voie à des applications technologiques potentielles
ZnO based ceramics with appropriate doping elements show excellent electrical and optical properties such as high exciton binding energies, a modulated optical transparency and high electrical conductivities. Therefore, ZnO based conducting ceramics have been extensively investigated in the aim of their application as resistors, visitors, gas sensors, transparent electrodes, solar cell windows, piezoelectric, electro-optical and thermoelectric devices. The high conductivity of ZnO ceramics up to 0.1MS·m-1 is closely related to the doping elements along with the ceramic microstructure and the processing conditions with particular effects of grain boundaries, crystalline structure and structural disorder within the ceramics. Thus, the present thesis is devoted to the fabrication by sintering under defined conditions (sintering atmospheres, processes) of ZnO based ceramics co-doped by (Al, Ti, Mg) , the investigations and deep analysis of their related properties including crystalline structure, micro-structure and the electrical behavior. Exhaustive studies were developed on the doped ceramics by using structural methods (XRD, Raman), microscopy (TEM, SEM) and magnetic resonance (EPR, NMR) probing the local order and electronic active defects. The conductivity is adjusted by the nature of the structure influenced by the doping elements, the sintering atmosphere, and the sintering method. The correlation "Preparation - Structure - Conductivity" has been established to pave the way for the potential technological applications of highly conducting ZnO-based ceramics
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6

Vecchi, Pierpaolo. "Defect analysis in directionally solidified multicrystalline silicon." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21177/.

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This project studies how the microstructure and metallic impurities affect the electrical properties of mc-Si wafers, to improve the efficiency and the production yield of photovoltaic solar cells. Dislocations and impurities in silicon are recombination centres that reduce free carrier lifetime and thus efficiency of solar cells. The quality of the material can be improved by finding optimal growth conditions and a threshold value for the contamination that does not compromise the device efficiency. Two sets of p-type mc-Si wafers located at different heights and lateral positions of two directionally solidified ingots, one contaminated with iron and one with aluminum, were analysed with several characterization techniques. The two ingots show similar microstructure, but the top of the iron contaminated ingot has a significantly lower lifetime, as it contains more dislocation clusters decorated with segregated iron. Aluminum is less detrimental at this low concentration level and it is more homogeneously distributed along the ingot height. A Mott-Schottky analysis after evaporation of aluminum contacts confirmed the p-type nature of the samples and estimated the free charge carrier concentration. Current profiles and local I-V curves measured with Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy show that decorated grain boundaries are a preferential path for electrical conduction compared to the grain regions and iron precipitates affect more heavily the electrical properties of the wafer compared to aluminum precipitates. The shape of the current profile at the boundary was justified with a theoretical model that assumes a redistribution of charge density due to a Coulombic potential introduced by a spherical and positively charged precipitate, that can be identified with b-FeSi2. The results from this characterization show that metallic contamination at grain boundaries in Si is responsible for enhanced free carrier recombination and thus efficiency reduction in mc-Si cells.
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7

MARINUCCI, GERSON. "Desenvolvimento, fabricacao e analise de falha e fratura de cilindros de fibra de carbono colapsados por pressao interna." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2001. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10913.

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Анотація:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:45:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:59:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 07617.pdf: 22753763 bytes, checksum: 9d2426117677d278e6cd36853da9f970 (MD5)
Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
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8

Chauhan, Vinay Singh. "Impact of Nanoscale Defects on Thermal Transport in Materials." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1586440154974469.

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9

Sugar, Joshua D. "Mechanisms of microstructure development at metallic-interlayer/ceramic interfaces during liquid-film-assisted bonding." Berkeley, Calif. : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2003. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/825347-j6A0Su/native/.

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Анотація:
Thesis (M.S.); Submitted to the University of California, Berkeley, CA (US); 1 Dec 2003.
Published through the Information Bridge: DOE Scientific and Technical Information. "LBNL--54185" Sugar, Joshua D. USDOE Director. Office of Science. Basic Energy Sciences (US) 12/01/2003. Report is also available in paper and microfiche from NTIS.
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10

Mokhtari, Hossein. "Transmission electron microscopy of defects and internal fields in GaN structures." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368206.

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Книги з теми "Microstructure defects"

1

Snyder, R. L. Defect and microstructure analysis by diffraction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

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2

1939-, Doherty R. D., and Cantor B, eds. Stability of microstructure in metallic systems. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

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3

NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "Patterns, Defects, and Microstructures in Nonequilibrium Systems" (1986 Austin, Tex.). Patterns, defects and microstructures in nonequilibrium systems: Applications in materials science. Dordrecht: M. Nijhoff, 1987.

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4

Walgraef, D., ed. Patterns, Defects and Microstructures in Nonequilibrium Systems. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3559-4.

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5

Walgraef, D. Patterns, Defects and Microstructures in Nonequilibrium Systems: Applications in Materials Science. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987.

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6

International, Workshop on Beam Injection Assessment of Microstructures in Semiconductors (6th 2000 Fukuoka Japan). Beam injection assessment of microstructures in semiconductors: BIAMS 2000 : proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Beam Injection Assessment of Mictrostructures in Semiconductors held in Fukuoka, Japan, November 12-16, 2000. Uetikon-Zuerich, Switzerland: Scitec Publications, 2001.

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7

Nath, Jagan. Iron and Steel Castings Engineering Guide. ASM International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.isceg.9781627083324.

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Iron and Steel Castings Engineering Guide covers the interrelated factors that determine the quality, performance, and cost of castings made from iron and steel. It describes the engineering involved in optimizing component geometries for function and manufacturability. It explains how microstructure influences mechanical properties and how to achieve a target microstructure for product performance through melting, melt treatment, and heat treating. It familiarizes readers with molding and core making processes and how to implement them, along with filling, feeding, and cooling procedures, for specific materials, geometries, and microstructures. It includes examples highlighting best practices as well as issues and concerns such as process limitations, assembly constraints, distortion and internal stresses, casting defects, and overly aggressive designs. It also contains composition, property, and structure-related data for many types of cast iron and grades of steel and includes detailed process outlines and design guidelines for tooling, gating, and feeding systems. For information on the print version, ISBN: 978-1-62708-330-0, follow this link.
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8

Hayes, Brian S., and Luther M. Gammon. Optical Microscopy of Fiber-Reinforced Composites. ASM International, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.omfrc.9781627083492.

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Optical Microscopy of Fiber-Reinforced Composites discusses the tools and techniques used to examine the microstructure of engineered composites and provides insights that can help improve the quality and performance of parts made from them. It begins with a review of fiber-reinforced polymer-matrix composites and their unique microstructure and morphology. It then explains how to prepare and mount test samples, how to assess lighting, illumination, and contrast needs, and how to use reagents to bring out different phases and areas of interest. It also presents the results of several studies that have been conducted using optical microscopy to gain a better understanding of processing effects, toughening approaches, defects and damage mechanisms, and structural variations. The book includes more than 180 full-color images along with clear and concise explanations of what they reveal about composite materials and processing methods. For information on the print version, ISBN 978-1-61503-044-6, follow this link.
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9

Phillips, Rob. Crystals, Defects and Microstructures: Modeling Across Scales. Cambridge University Press, 2001.

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Crystals, Defects and Microstructures: Modeling Across Scales. Cambridge University Press, 2001.

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Частини книг з теми "Microstructure defects"

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Fonseca, Irene, and Gareth Parry. "Variational Problems for Crystals with Defects." In Microstructure and Phase Transition, 111–27. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8360-4_7.

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Yang, Lun, and Kaushik Dayal. "Microstructure and stray electric fields at surface cracks in ferroelectrics." In Micromechanics of Defects in Solids, 17–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4626-8_3.

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Krausz, A. S., and K. Krausz. "The Energy Expression of the Microstructure in Thermally Activated Processes." In Patterns, Defects and Microstructures in Nonequilibrium Systems, 300–308. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3559-4_18.

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Hugo, R., H. Kung, and J. R. Weertman. "Defects, Microstructure and Dislocation Activity in Nanocrystalline Metals." In Ultrafine Grained Materials II, 305–12. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118804537.ch36.

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Vilar, R. "Microstructure Modification: Generation of Crystal Defects and Phase Transformations." In Handbook of Laser Micro- and Nano-Engineering, 1–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69537-2_14-1.

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Vilar, R. "Microstructure Modification: Generation of Crystal Defects and Phase Transformations." In Handbook of Laser Micro- and Nano-Engineering, 213–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63647-0_14.

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Le Bris, Claude. "Mathematical Approaches for Contemporary Materials Science: Addressing Defects in the Microstructure." In SEMA SIMAI Springer Series, 115–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86236-7_7.

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AbstractWe overview a series of mathematical works that introduce new modeling and computational approaches for non-periodic materials and media. The approaches consider various types of defects embedded in a periodic structure, which can be either deterministic or random in nature. A portfolio of possible computational techniques addressing the identification of the homogenized properties of the material or the determination of the actual multi-scale solution is presented.
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Tolvanen, Sakari, Robert Pederson, and Uta Klement. "Fatigue Strength Dependence on Microstructure and Defects in Ti-6Al-4V Welds." In Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Titanium, 311–15. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119296126.ch47.

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Müllner, Peter. "Twin Microstructure, Line Defects and Twnning Stress of Magentic Shape-Memory Alloys." In ICOMAT, 79–88. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118803592.ch10.

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Cao, Hai Ping. "On some Characteristics of Microstructure and Defects in Die-Cast Magnesium Components." In Materials Science Forum, 283–86. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-968-7.283.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Microstructure defects"

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Wimmer, Stephanie A., Virginia G. DeGiorgi, Edward P. Gorzkowski, and John Drazin. "Computational Three-Dimensional Microstructure Defect Distributions in Thermal Barrier Coatings." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-70405.

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Анотація:
Thermal protection of components such as turbine blades is often done with thermal barrier coatings which are typically ceramic materials. Methods to manufacture ceramic coatings are being developed to create microstructures that optimize thermal protection without degrading mechanical properties of the coating. The coating requires sufficient mechanical properties to remain in place during loads associated with the operation of the component. The work presented in this paper is part of a broader effort that focuses on novel processing techniques. A fabrication method of interest is the inclusion of spherical micron-sized pores to scatter photons at high temperatures along with nano-sized grains to scatter phonons. Pores are sized and distributed so that mechanical strength is maintained. In the current work, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is modeled. Three-dimensional microstructures representing YSZ are computationally generated. The defect sizes and orientations are generated to match an experimentally observed distribution. The defects are either randomly or regularly placed in the microstructural models. Stress-displacement analysis is used to determine effective bulk material properties. Comparisons are made to prior two-dimensional work and to experimental measurements available in the literature as appropriate. The influences that defect distributions and three dimensional effects have on the effective bulk material properties are quantified. This work is a preliminary step toward understanding the impacts that micron sized pores, voids and cracks have on thermal and mechanical characteristics. The goal is to facilitate optimizing the microstructure for thermal protection and strength retention.
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Lambrecht, Marlies, and Abderrahim Almazouzi. "The Influence Irradiation-Induced Microstructure on the Hardening of RPV Steels." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75109.

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The hardening and embrittlement of reactor pressure vessel steels has been investigated for many years. Nowadays, a consensus is reached assuming a two-component hardening model of copper-enriched clusters and matrix damage. Nevertheless, despite being the subject of significant research efforts, it is still a debatable question, whether a linear or quadratic superposition law is appropriate. The inaccuracy of either choice might be the effect of the existence of different populations of defects, such as loops, decorated interstitial and vacancy clusters, as every defect contributes to the hardening in a particular way. In this work, a correlation on model alloys is attempted between experimental results on microstructure found by different complementary techniques and a theoretical prediction of the hardening, where each defect is defined by a specific pinning strength. It is found that loops are very strong defects, but due to their low concentration, they only play a minor role in the hardening itself. For the precipitates, the contrary is found, although they are quite soft (due to their very low sizes), they still play the dominant role in the hardening due to their high density. Vacancy clusters are important for the formation of the former two defects, but they will play almost no role in the hardening by themselves.
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Chen, Xianfeng, Tingfeng Ge, Lisa Tsou, Ming Li, Chorng Niou, and W. T. Kary Chien. "Microstructure Analysis of Wafer Bump Nodule." In ISTFA 2006. ASM International, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2006p0115.

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Abstract The bump nodule growing in electroplating process could be large enough to induce bump to bump short even if the nodule would be weaken by re-flow process. In this work, the microstructure of PbSn eutectic bump and Au bump nodules was analyzed with FIB, SEM and EDS. In PbSn eutectic bump nodule, void defects can be observed with FIB imaging. In Au bump nodule, radiation-like grain structure around the center of Silicon-contained particle can be observed. Based on those analysis results, voids and particles are the source of bump nodule growth. The reason for bump nodule formation is that particles, voids and cathode morphology defects change the roughness of cathode surface, which induces a higher current density area and accelerate local electrocrystallization. Generally, particles, voids and cathode morphology defects are caused by poor photolithography process, tank corrosion and anode contamination such as passivation membrane. Therefore, three conclusions are proposed in this work: 1) where and when the nodules grow can be identified according to their microstructures; 2) cleaning tank and anode periodically can effectively prevent the bump nodules; 3) Qualified photo resist (PR) coating and PR opening process are essential to prevent bump nodule defects.
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Peng, Wenbo, Xiangbo Zeng, Shiyong Liu, Haibo Xiao, Guanglin Kong, Yude Yu, and Xianbo Liao. "Study of microstructure and defects in hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon films." In 2009 34th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2009.5411197.

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Rosenbaum, A., A. Chamanfar, M. Jahazi, and A. Bonakdar. "Microstructure Analysis of Broached Inconel-718 Gas Turbine Disc Fir-Trees." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-26972.

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Broaching has long been used for machining of fir-trees in gas turbine discs. The fir-tree arrangement is employed for mechanical attachment of blades to disc. Surface and subsurface microstructure changes induced by broaching affect the fatigue resistance of the disc. Therefore, a reliable and quantitative microstructure mapping of the broached fir-trees is essential for the basic optimization of the broaching process. In this study, the microstructure of the surface and subsurface layers of fir-trees in an industrial gas turbine Inconel-718 disc has been analyzed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The focus has been on the characterization of defects generated by broaching at the surface and subsurface layers of fir-trees. Also, characterization of the grain size, γ″, γ′, and δ particles from the broached surface to the parent material has been carried out. Characteristics of these microstructural features are key inputs for the development of material based FEM models predicting the fatigue life of the disc. From microstructure studies, the presence of defects such as plucking and distorted layer was observed. The characteristics of these defects (size and morphology) were compared with those of the design limits determined by gas turbine engine manufacturer. Furthermore, significant variation in the volume fraction of δ particles was observed in the area affected by broaching compared with the parent material. These observations are related to the thermomechanical history of the material during the broaching process. Finally, the impact of microstructure evolution on microhardness variation from the broached surface to the parent material is discussed.
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Wimmer, Stephanie A., Virginia G. DeGiorgi, and Edward P. Gorzkowski. "Influences of Microstructure Defect Size and Distribution for Performance Optimization of Thermal Barrier Coatings." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-65684.

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Анотація:
Thermal barrier coatings are often used to protect a component by reducing temperature excursions. Such coatings are in use on engineered products such as turbine blades. The work presented is part of a broader effort that is focusing on new and novel processing techniques for thermal barrier coatings. Manufacturing methods are being developed to create microstructures that optimize thermal protection while not degrading the mechanical properties of the coating. Sufficient mechanical properties are necessary so the coatings do not fail as a result of loadings associated with the operation of the component. One fabrication method investigated is the inclusion of spherical micron-sized pores to reflect heat radiation at high temperatures along with nano-sized grains to reflect phonons thus providing thermal protection. Pores are sized and distributed so that sufficient mechanical strength is maintained. In the current work the model material used is a yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). Two-dimensional microstructures representing YSZ are computationally generated. The size and distribution of defects that have been experimentally observed to develop during bulk processing are incorporated into the computationally generated microstructural models. Heat transfer and stress-displacement analyses are performed to determine effective bulk material properties. Comparisons are made to experimental measurements available in the literature as appropriate. The influence that defect dimensions and distributions have on the effective bulk material properties are quantified as a first step understanding the impacts that micron sized pores, voids and cracks have on thermal and mechanical characteristics which will facilitate optimizing the microstructure for thermal protection and strength retention.
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Livings, Richard, Nick Smith, Eric Biedermann, and John Scheibel. "Process Compensated Resonance Testing for Qualifying the Metallurgical Aspects and Manufacturing Defects of Turbine Blades." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-15268.

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Abstract The metallurgical aspects of turbomachinery components, both during manufacture and service intervals, are of particular interest because they dictate performance, degradation, and probability of defect formation. As certaining the microstructural state without destructive cut-ups is difficult. Nondestructive methods such as x-ray diffraction or ultrasonic testing can provide some amount of metallurgical characterization but are limited to surface measurements or point-by-point inspections. Ultrasonic Resonance methods such as Process Compensated Resonance Testing (PCRT) can greatly supplement the inspection and qualification of Industrial Gas Turbine (IGT) blades. The resonance information collected from a component forms a resonance fingerprint, which is dependent on the material, microstructure, geometry, and the presence of defects. PCRT is an established Nondestructive Testing (NDT) method that has seen extensive use in the aerospace industry for both the detection of damage/defects and undesirable microstructural deviations. This experience from aerospace applications can be leveraged for improved metallurgical inspection methodologies in the power generation industry. Here we present and discuss several PCRT case studies from the aerospace industry as well as early PCRT experiences from power generation. Ongoing and upcoming work is also briefly discussed.
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Israel, Rajakumar, and Theresa Atkinson. "Magnetic Resonance Images of Tendon Microstructure." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2574.

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Abstract Tendon and ligament typically produce a weak signal during Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). As a result only gross defects in the tissue could be detected. A method was recently developed to allow more detailed images of tendon structure to be obtained. This new method requires less than 2.5 minutes per scan and is therefore a reasonable method to utilize in a clinical setting to evaluate tendon or ligament injury and healing.
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Rifat, Mustafa, and Saurabh Basu. "Deformation Behavior of Grains Near Defects in Direct Metal Laser Sintered Inconel 718 During Indentation." In ASME 2020 15th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2020-8442.

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Abstract The present work utilizes Orientation Imaging Microscopy and Finite Element Modelling to analyse microstructure evolution in grains near defects during plane strain indentation of direct metal laser sintered Inconel 718. Defects are inevitably produced during printing of metals and they degrade the mechanical behaviour of parent components. Understanding microstructure evolution of grains present near defects can help create better predictive models of mechanical behaviour of components resulting from additive manufacturing. In this work, an ex-situ study of microstructure evolution during plane strain indentation of DMLS Inconel 718 specimens is performed. Regions that lie near volumetric porosity defects were studied. Grain Orientation Spread was utilized as a metric to quantify intra-granular deformation. It was seen that microstructure evolution of grains near defects is enhanced due to strain concentrations whereby they exhibit larger orientation spread after plastic deformation. Finite Element Analysis was used to simulate the plane strain indentation test on the specimen in which, porosity defects and roughness textures similar to those seen in the as-received specimen were programmed using the python scripting interface of Abaqus. Results from finite element analysis were compared with insights from microstructure analysis to describe evolution of microstructure during deformation near defects.
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Meng Lei and Zhang Shu. "Simulation of microstructure defects creep on nickel-based superalloys by Genetic Algorithm." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Intelligent Systems (ICIS 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicisys.2009.5357835.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Microstructure defects"

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Shapiro, A. B., L. T. Summers, D. J. Eckels, and V. Sahai. Modeling of casting microstructures and defects. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/632822.

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2

Diaz de la Rubia, T., N. Soneda, and Y. Shimomura. Atomic scale modeling of defect production and microstructure evolution in irradiated metals. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/543299.

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Kane, Joshua James, and William Enoch Windes. Initial Assessment of X-Ray Computer Tomography image analysis for material defect microstructure. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1364233.

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Dehoff, Ryan R., Niyanth Sridharan, Ralph Dinwiddie, Alan Robson, Brian Jordan, Anil Chaudhary, and Sudarsanam Suresh Babu. Demonstration of thermal control, microstructure control, defect mitigation and process parameter database generation for Ti-6Al-4V Direct Digital Manufacturing - Understanding defect mitigation and process parameter database generation for direct digital manufacturing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1237605.

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Meyers, B. F. An assessment of the methods for determining defect or failure fractions in HTGR coated particle fuels and their relationship to particle microstructure. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/451966.

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