Готові списки джерел за темами / Mice as laboratory animals

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Mice as laboratory animals"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021
Оновлено: 20 лютого 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Mice as laboratory animals":

1

Joyner, C. P., L. C. Myrick, J. P. Crossland, and W. D. Dawson. "Deer Mice As Laboratory Animals." ILAR Journal 39, no. 4 (January 1, 1998): 322–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ilar.39.4.322.

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2

Birke, Lynda. "Who—or What—are the Rats (and Mice) in the Laboratory." Society & Animals 11, no. 3 (2003): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853003322773023.

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AbstractThis paper explores the many meanings attached to the designation,"the rodent in the laboratory" (rat or mouse). Generations of selective breeding have created these rodents. They now differ markedly from their wild progenitors, nonhuman animals associated with carrying all kinds of diseases.Through selective breeding, they have moved from the rats of the sewers to become standardized laboratory tools and (metaphorically) saviors of humans in the fight against disease. This paper sketches two intertwined strands of metaphors associated with laboratory rodents.The first focuses on the idea of medical/scientific progress; in this context, the paper looks at laboratory rodents often depicted (in advertising for laboratory products) as epitomizing medical triumph or serving as helpers or saviors. The second strand concerns the ambiguous status of the laboratory rodent who is both an animal (bites) and not an animal (data).The paper argues that, partly because of these ambiguous and multiple meanings, the rodent in the laboratory is doubly "othered"—first in the way that animals so often are made other to ourselves and then other in the relationship of the animal in the laboratory to other animals.
3

Hobbiesiefken, Ute, Paul Mieske, Lars Lewejohann, and Kai Diederich. "Evaluation of different types of enrichment - their usage and effect on home cage behavior in female mice." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (December 23, 2021): e0261876. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261876.

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Numerous studies ascertained positive effects of enriched environments on the well-being of laboratory animals including behavioral, physiological and neurochemical parameters. Conversely, such conclusions imply impaired animal welfare and health in barren husbandry conditions. Moreover, inappropriate housing of laboratory animals may deteriorate the quality of scientific data. Recommendations for housing laboratory animals stipulate that cages should be enriched to mitigate adverse effects of barren housing. In this context, it is not only unclear what exactly is meant by enrichment, but also how the animals themselves interact with the various items on offer. Focal animal observation of female C57BL/6J mice either housed in conventional (CON) or enriched (ENR) conditions served to analyze the impact of enriching housing on welfare related behavior patterns including stereotypical, maintenance, active social, and inactive behaviors. CON conditions resembled current usual housing of laboratory mice, whereas ENR mice received varying enrichment items including foraging, housing and structural elements, and a running disc. Active and inactive use of these elements was quantitatively assessed. CON mice showed significantly more inactive and stereotypical behavior than ENR mice. ENR mice frequently engaged with all enrichment elements, whereby riddles to obtain food reward and the running disc preferably served for active interactions. Offering a second level resulted in high active and inactive interactions. Structural elements fixed at the cagetop were least attractive for the mice. Overall, the presented data underline the positive welfare benefits of enrichment and that mice clearly differentiate between distinct enrichment types, demonstrating that the perspective of the animals themselves should also be taken into account when specifying laboratory housing conditions. This is particularly important, as the ensuring of animal welfare is an essential prerequisite for reliable, reproducible, and scientifically meaningful results.
4

Miranda, Alice, José M. Pêgo, and Jorge Correia-Pinto. "Animal facility videoendoscopic intubation station: tips and tricks from mice to rabbits." Laboratory Animals 51, no. 2 (July 9, 2016): 204–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023677216652342.

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Endotracheal intubation of laboratory animals is a common procedure shared by several research fields for different purposes, such as mechanical ventilation of anaesthetized animals, instillation of cytotoxic nanoparticles, infectious agents or tumour cells for induction of disease models, and even for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. These different research purposes, achieved in different animal models, require technical expertise and equipment that suits every research need from animal facilities. In this short report we propose a videoendoscopic intubation station that could be shared among the most common laboratory animals, namely the mouse, rat, guinea pig and rabbit, from neonates to adult animals. This report aims to contribute to the reduction of animals excluded from experiments due to false paths during direct and blind intubations and to the refinement of procedures by replacing surgical approaches such as tracheotomy.
5

Zechner, Dietmar, Benjamin Schulz, Guanglin Tang, Ahmed Abdelrahman, Simone Kumstel, Nico Seume, Rupert Palme, and Brigitte Vollmar. "Generalizability, Robustness and Replicability When Evaluating Wellbeing of Laboratory Mice with Various Methods." Animals 12, no. 21 (October 25, 2022): 2927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12212927.

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An essential basis for objectively improving the status of animals during in vivo research is the ability to measure the wellbeing of animals in a reliable and scientific manner. Several non-invasive methods such as assessing body weight, burrowing activity, nesting behavior, a distress score and fecal corticosterone metabolites were evaluated in healthy mice and after three surgical interventions or during the progression of four gastrointestinal diseases. The performance of each method in differentiating between healthy and diseased animals was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves. The ability to differentiate between these two states differed between distinct surgical interventions and distinct gastrointestinal diseases. Thus, the generalizability of these methods for assessing animal wellbeing was low. However, the robustness of these methods when assessing wellbeing in one gastrointestinal disease was high since the same methods were often capable of differentiating between healthy and diseased animals independent of applied drugs. Moreover, the replicability when assessing two distinct cohorts with an identical surgical intervention was also high. These data suggest that scientists can reach valid conclusions about animal wellbeing when using these methods within one specific animal model. This might be important when optimizing methodological aspects for improving animal wellbeing. The lack of generalizability, however, suggests that comparing animal models by using single methods might lead to incorrect conclusions. Thus, these data support the concept of using a combination of several methods when assessing animal welfare.
6

Ibrahim, S. A. M., and F. Nowell. "Transfer ofEimeria apionodesfrom wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) to laboratory mice (Mus musculus)." Parasitology 103, no. 2 (October 1991): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003118200005945x.

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Transfer ofEimeria apionodesfrom wood mice directly into untreated laboratory mice was unsuccessful but transfer into corticosteroid-treated animals produced an oocyst output, about 1000 times less than that observed from wood mice after a similar inoculum. Repeated passage through corticosteroid-treated laboratory mice resulted in a line adapted to survival in untreated animals. This line was compared with the parent strain maintained in wood mice and some features of the oocyst output patterns, notably the pre-patent period, appeared to be controlled by the host species. The oocyst production of each population was higher in the host species to which it was adapted than in the other host species (P> 0·001). Once adapted to laboratory mice, the line produced insignificantly different levels of oocysts in corticosteroid-treated and untreated animals (P> 0·05).
7

Bondarchuk, A. O., A. P. Paliy, and M. Ye Blazheyevskiy. "Determination of acute toxicity of the ‘Bondarmin’ disinfectant." Journal for Veterinary Medicine, Biotechnology and Biosafety 5, no. 2 (June 24, 2019): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36016/jvmbbs-2019-5-2-5.

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In the article the results of the study of toxic effect of the designed disinfectant (active ingredient potassium peroxomonosulfate) on laboratory animals (mice) are presented. For the recent years a variety of scientific works both by domestic and by foreign scientists has been devoted to the study of different disinfectants’ toxicity. However today there is a number of issues that require more detailed studying and scientific justification. Among them the problem of toxic effects of disinfectants on the animal organism occupies a special place. The aim of our work was to study the toxic effect on the laboratory animals and to assess the acute toxicity (LD50) of the designed ‘Bondarmin’ disinfectant. Tests were carried out at the Laboratory of pharmacology and toxicology of the National University of Pharmacy (Kharkiv) and on the base of Educational and scientific laboratory of genetic and molecular research methods named after P. I. Verbitskiy in the Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy. Acute toxicity assessment (LD50) was carried out with intragastrointestinal administration of the designed drug to laboratory animals (mice). Changes in the internal organs of animals that were removed from the experiment for humane reasons and those who died after the experiment were detected by macroscopic examination. The lethality of laboratory animals after the intragastric administration of disinfectant was determined by the Prozorovskiy method The dynamic of changes in body weight of mice after the administration of disinfectant in high doses (from 1,500 to 3,500 mg/kg) was found out. The influence of the disinfectant on the mass coefficients of the internal organs of male mice after intragastric administration was evaluated. Toxic effect of the designed disinfectant ‘Bondarmin’, when using intragastric method of administration to laboratory animals (mice), according to the age and sexual index (LD50 = 2,702.40 ± 156.32 mg/kg), was established. Disinfectant ‘Bondarmin’ refers to IV toxicity class (low toxic substances).
8

Malakoff, D. "LABORATORY ANIMALS: Researchers Fight Plan to Regulate Mice, Birds." Science 290, no. 5489 (October 6, 2000): 23a—23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.290.5489.23a.

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9

ABRAMOVICI, A., and M. WOLMAN. "Inbred Strains of Laboratory Animals: Superior to Outbred Mice?" JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 87, no. 12 (June 21, 1995): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.12.933.

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10

Clarkson, Jasmine M., Matthew C. Leach, Paul A. Flecknell, and Candy Rowe. "Negative mood affects the expression of negative but not positive emotions in mice." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1933 (August 26, 2020): 20201636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.1636.

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Whether and to what extent animals experience emotions is crucial for understanding their decisions and behaviour, and underpins a range of scientific fields, including animal behaviour, neuroscience, evolutionary biology and animal welfare science. However, research has predominantly focused on alleviating negative emotions in animals, with the expression of positive emotions left largely unexplored. Therefore, little is known about positive emotions in animals and how their expression is mediated. We used tail handling to induce a negative mood in laboratory mice and found that while being more anxious and depressed increased their expression of a discrete negative emotion (disappointment), meaning that they were less resilient to negative events, their capacity to express a discrete positive emotion (elation) was unaffected relative to control mice. Therefore, we show not only that mice have discrete positive emotions, but that they do so regardless of their current mood state. Our findings are the first to suggest that the expression of discrete positive and negative emotions in animals is not equally affected by long-term mood state. Our results also demonstrate that repeated negative events can have a cumulative effect to reduce resilience in laboratory animals, which has significant implications for animal welfare.
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Статті в журналах Дисертації Книги

Дисертації з теми "Mice as laboratory animals":

1

Agarwal, Rajat. "A model for minimizing cost for housing laboratory mice." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0001241.

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2

Hsu, Charlie Chun. "Isolation, characterization, and diagnosis of murine noroviruses, a newly recognized pathogen of mice." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4790.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
"December 2007" The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
3

Filipovska-Naumovska, Emilija. "Development of methods for detection and eradication of mouse parvovirus from a laboratory mouse colony." Thesis, Filipovska-Naumovska, Emilija (2007) Development of methods for detection and eradication of mouse parvovirus from a laboratory mouse colony. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/676/.

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The mouse parvovirus designated MPV can infect laboratory mice and affect the humoral and cellular immune response of infected mice, reducing their value for biomedical and medical research. The development and maintenance of MPV-free mouse colonies for biomedical research is therefore essential and requires routine monitoring of the infection status of mice, using serological surveillance procedures. Recent experience in the Animal Resources Centre (ARC), a major supplier of mice to the medical research community in Australia, was that MPV infection was present but was not detectable with the serological tests that were then in routine use. This thesis reports the development of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the detection of the MPV in the ARC mouse colonies, the genetic characteristics of the strain of MPV detected, the development of a recombinant virus protein that provided a suitable antigen for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a Western immunoblot (WIB) assay for the detection of MPV antibodies, and use of these various assays to determine aspects of the epidemiology and pathogenicity of the infection that were critical to the eradication of virus infection and future immunological surveillance to ensure the absence of infection. The recombinant protein produced as an antigen was a biotinylated fusion protein, a truncated capsid protein of the strain of MPV detected in the ARC, and was produced using the PinpointTM vector and with expression in Escherichia coli. The protein was produced as an insoluble intracellular product within inclusion bodies and was solubilised using urea and purified. The purified protein was utilised as an antigen for ELISA and the WIB assays to detect virus antibody in infected mice. The outbreak of MPV infection in the ARC was used as an unique opportunity for assessment of the seroprevalence of MPV-1 infection in a large laboratory mouse colony and to utilise this data to determine the sampling size needed to reliably detect MPV-1 infection within such large laboratory mouse colonies. An overall seroprevalence of 16.5% was detected using the developed serological tests, but considerable variation in prevalence was detected in different mouse strains. The response to MPV infection of 4 different but common strains of mice was determined as a basis for developing appropriate surveillance procedures and the selection of appropriate sentinel animals. The effect of infection of these strains at different ages was also investigated. Virus replication was detected in tissues of all the mice strains infected (outbred ARC(s) and inbred C57BL/6JArc, BALB/c and BALB/c-Foxn1nu/Arc) as juveniles and adults, with the exception of C57BL/6JArc inoculated as adults. However, while seroconversion in mice inoculated as juveniles and adults was detected in ARC(s) and C57BL/6JArc mice, it was not detected in BALB/c mice. The high rate of seroconversion to MPV, the early and prolonged development of an immune response, and the lack of age differences in their susceptibility indicated that ARC(s) mice would provide reliable sentinels for the detection of MPV. The genomic nucleotide sequence of the ARC strain, excluding the terminal palindromic regions and the predicted amino acid sequences of the non-structural and structural proteins was determined. This strain was very similar (98-99% nucleotide identity) to the previously described MPV strains MPV-1a, MPV-1b and MPV -1c. The similarity suggested there were unlikely to be significant antigenic differences in the proteins of the ARC strain and those strains of MPV reported previously.
4

Filipovska-Naumovska, Emilija. "Development of methods for detection and eradication of mouse parvovirus from a laboratory mouse colony." Filipovska-Naumovska, Emilija (2007) Development of methods for detection and eradication of mouse parvovirus from a laboratory mouse colony. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/676/.

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The mouse parvovirus designated MPV can infect laboratory mice and affect the humoral and cellular immune response of infected mice, reducing their value for biomedical and medical research. The development and maintenance of MPV-free mouse colonies for biomedical research is therefore essential and requires routine monitoring of the infection status of mice, using serological surveillance procedures. Recent experience in the Animal Resources Centre (ARC), a major supplier of mice to the medical research community in Australia, was that MPV infection was present but was not detectable with the serological tests that were then in routine use. This thesis reports the development of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the detection of the MPV in the ARC mouse colonies, the genetic characteristics of the strain of MPV detected, the development of a recombinant virus protein that provided a suitable antigen for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a Western immunoblot (WIB) assay for the detection of MPV antibodies, and use of these various assays to determine aspects of the epidemiology and pathogenicity of the infection that were critical to the eradication of virus infection and future immunological surveillance to ensure the absence of infection. The recombinant protein produced as an antigen was a biotinylated fusion protein, a truncated capsid protein of the strain of MPV detected in the ARC, and was produced using the PinpointTM vector and with expression in Escherichia coli. The protein was produced as an insoluble intracellular product within inclusion bodies and was solubilised using urea and purified. The purified protein was utilised as an antigen for ELISA and the WIB assays to detect virus antibody in infected mice. The outbreak of MPV infection in the ARC was used as an unique opportunity for assessment of the seroprevalence of MPV-1 infection in a large laboratory mouse colony and to utilise this data to determine the sampling size needed to reliably detect MPV-1 infection within such large laboratory mouse colonies. An overall seroprevalence of 16.5% was detected using the developed serological tests, but considerable variation in prevalence was detected in different mouse strains. The response to MPV infection of 4 different but common strains of mice was determined as a basis for developing appropriate surveillance procedures and the selection of appropriate sentinel animals. The effect of infection of these strains at different ages was also investigated. Virus replication was detected in tissues of all the mice strains infected (outbred ARC(s) and inbred C57BL/6JArc, BALB/c and BALB/c-Foxn1nu/Arc) as juveniles and adults, with the exception of C57BL/6JArc inoculated as adults. However, while seroconversion in mice inoculated as juveniles and adults was detected in ARC(s) and C57BL/6JArc mice, it was not detected in BALB/c mice. The high rate of seroconversion to MPV, the early and prolonged development of an immune response, and the lack of age differences in their susceptibility indicated that ARC(s) mice would provide reliable sentinels for the detection of MPV. The genomic nucleotide sequence of the ARC strain, excluding the terminal palindromic regions and the predicted amino acid sequences of the non-structural and structural proteins was determined. This strain was very similar (98-99% nucleotide identity) to the previously described MPV strains MPV-1a, MPV-1b and MPV -1c. The similarity suggested there were unlikely to be significant antigenic differences in the proteins of the ARC strain and those strains of MPV reported previously.
5

Moreira, Virgínia Barreto [UNESP]. "Eficiência reprodutiva e comportamento parental de camundongos isogênicos e heterogênicos produzidos em ambiente modificado." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/126631.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-20T17:10:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-05-25. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-20T17:25:37Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000841528.pdf: 469659 bytes, checksum: 2dd38d332ff2b50df196e07151da31a3 (MD5)
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a preferência e efeito do fornecimento de materiais de nidificação sobre o desempenho reprodutivo de camundongos isogênicos da linhagem BALB/c e da linhagem heterogênica Swiss em sistema de acasalamento intensivo monogâmico. Primeiro foi realizado um estudo para avaliar a preferência dos camundongos pelo material oferecido para nidificação. Utilizou-se um sistema composto de quatro gaiolas, com livre acesso a água e ração, interligados por tubos de PVC que permitiam que os animais se locomovessem entre todas as gaiolas. Quatro tipos de materiais foram oferecidos para a construção do ninho: algodão, gaze, rolinho de papelão, e touca de polipropileno descartável. Cada um dos quatro materiais foi oferecido simultaneamente em uma das quatro gaiolas que compunham o sistema. Foram usados 10 sistemas iguais e cada um abrigou um casal da linhagem BALB/c, desde os 28 dias de idade até o terceiro ciclo reprodutivo. Os mais encontrados na confecção do ninho, em ordem decrescente, foram a touca, rolinho, algodão e gaze (P< 0,0083). Com base nestes resultados foram selecionados dois tipos de materiais para fornecimento aos animais no experimento 2. Embora o rolinho tenha sido o segundo material mais utilizado optou-se pelo algodão devido a inviabilidade de fornecimento do item durante todo o período de duração do experimento 2. O segundo experimento avaliou a eficiência reprodutiva em cinco ciclos reprodutivos do nascimento até o desmame. Usou-se 60 casais de irmãos completos da linhagem BALB/c (isogênica) e 60 casais formados por acasalamentos aleatórios da linhagem Swiss (heterogênica) de padrão sanitário controlado, criados e mantidos em ambiente padronizado. Eles foram distribuídos, num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2x2 (duas linhagens em alojamento com ou sem material para nidificação). Como forma de ...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the preference and effect of nesting materials provision on performance of inbred mice of the BALB/c strain and of heterogenic Swiss in intensive monogamous mating system. Firstly, a study was conducted to evaluate the preference of mice for the material offered for nesting. A system composed of four cages was used, with free access to water and food, connected by PVC tubing, which allowed animal displacement among all cages. Four types of materials were available for construction of the nest: cotton, gauze, cardboard rolls, and disposable polypropylene cap. Each of the four materials was offered simultaneously in one of four cages that formed the system. Ten identical system were used and each one housed a BALB/c couple, from 28 days of age up to the third reproductive cycle. The most commonly found materials in nest making were cap, roll, cotton and gauze (P <0.0083). Based on these results, two types of materials were selected to be offered to the animals in experiment 2. Although the roll was the second most used material, we chose cotton due to unfeasibility supplying of the item throughout the duration of the second experiment. The second experiment evaluated the reproductive efficiency in five reproductive cycles from birth to weaning. Sixty BALB / c full siblings pairs (inbred) and 60 pairs formed by random mating of Swiss strain (outbred), bred and maintained in a standardized environment were used. They were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2x2 factorial arrangement (two strains in housing with or without nesting material). As a way of cage enrichment, polypropylene disposable cap cut into 8 pieces of approximately 1 cm each and one piece of cotton about 3 g were used after being previously packaged and autoclaved . The following characteristics were evaluated: age at first parturition, litter intervals, pre-weaning mortality and ...
6

Moreira, Virgínia Barreto 1974. "Eficiência reprodutiva e comportamento parental de camundongos isogênicos e heterogênicos produzidos em ambiente modificado /." Botucatu, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/126631.

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Orientador: Ana Silvia Alves Meira Tavares Moura
Banca: Simone Fernandes
Banca: Valderez Bastos Valero-Lapckick
Banca: Denose Rangel da Silva Sartori
Banca: Luiz Edivaldo Pezzato
Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a preferência e efeito do fornecimento de materiais de nidificação sobre o desempenho reprodutivo de camundongos isogênicos da linhagem BALB/c e da linhagem heterogênica Swiss em sistema de acasalamento intensivo monogâmico. Primeiro foi realizado um estudo para avaliar a preferência dos camundongos pelo material oferecido para nidificação. Utilizou-se um sistema composto de quatro gaiolas, com livre acesso a água e ração, interligados por tubos de PVC que permitiam que os animais se locomovessem entre todas as gaiolas. Quatro tipos de materiais foram oferecidos para a construção do ninho: algodão, gaze, rolinho de papelão, e touca de polipropileno descartável. Cada um dos quatro materiais foi oferecido simultaneamente em uma das quatro gaiolas que compunham o sistema. Foram usados 10 sistemas iguais e cada um abrigou um casal da linhagem BALB/c, desde os 28 dias de idade até o terceiro ciclo reprodutivo. Os mais encontrados na confecção do ninho, em ordem decrescente, foram a touca, rolinho, algodão e gaze (P< 0,0083). Com base nestes resultados foram selecionados dois tipos de materiais para fornecimento aos animais no experimento 2. Embora o rolinho tenha sido o segundo material mais utilizado optou-se pelo algodão devido a inviabilidade de fornecimento do item durante todo o período de duração do experimento 2. O segundo experimento avaliou a eficiência reprodutiva em cinco ciclos reprodutivos do nascimento até o desmame. Usou-se 60 casais de irmãos completos da linhagem BALB/c (isogênica) e 60 casais formados por acasalamentos aleatórios da linhagem Swiss (heterogênica) de padrão sanitário controlado, criados e mantidos em ambiente padronizado. Eles foram distribuídos, num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2x2 (duas linhagens em alojamento com ou sem material para nidificação). Como forma de ...
Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the preference and effect of nesting materials provision on performance of inbred mice of the BALB/c strain and of heterogenic Swiss in intensive monogamous mating system. Firstly, a study was conducted to evaluate the preference of mice for the material offered for nesting. A system composed of four cages was used, with free access to water and food, connected by PVC tubing, which allowed animal displacement among all cages. Four types of materials were available for construction of the nest: cotton, gauze, cardboard rolls, and disposable polypropylene cap. Each of the four materials was offered simultaneously in one of four cages that formed the system. Ten identical system were used and each one housed a BALB/c couple, from 28 days of age up to the third reproductive cycle. The most commonly found materials in nest making were cap, roll, cotton and gauze (P <0.0083). Based on these results, two types of materials were selected to be offered to the animals in experiment 2. Although the roll was the second most used material, we chose cotton due to unfeasibility supplying of the item throughout the duration of the second experiment. The second experiment evaluated the reproductive efficiency in five reproductive cycles from birth to weaning. Sixty BALB / c full siblings pairs (inbred) and 60 pairs formed by random mating of Swiss strain (outbred), bred and maintained in a standardized environment were used. They were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2x2 factorial arrangement (two strains in housing with or without nesting material). As a way of cage enrichment, polypropylene disposable cap cut into 8 pieces of approximately 1 cm each and one piece of cotton about 3 g were used after being previously packaged and autoclaved . The following characteristics were evaluated: age at first parturition, litter intervals, pre-weaning mortality and ...
Doutor
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Iñiguez, Sergio Diaz. "The effects of acute posttraining injections of cocaine on spatial memory in C57BL/6 mice." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3244.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cocaine on spatial memory consolidation using the Morris water maze. Specifically, male and female C57BL/6 mice were trained on a spatial water task, and then administered a single posttraining injection of saline or cocaine (1.25, 2.5, 5.0, or 20.0 mg/kg).
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Berting, Jennifer Irene. "Inbreeding effects on physiological responses to chronic hypoxia in mice (Mus musculus) /." Electronic version (PDF), 2007. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2007-3/bertingj/jenniferberting.pdf.

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Jyotika, Jigyasa. "Deletion of the Bax gene severely impairs sexual behavior and modestly impairs motor function in mice." Connect to this title, 2008. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/158/.

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Migdalska, Anna Marta. "Modelling human genetic disorders in mice." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610341.

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Книги з теми "Mice as laboratory animals":

1

Suckow, Mark A. The laboratory mouse. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2001.

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M, Brown Stephen D., Lyon Mary F, Rastan Sohaila, and International Committee on Standardized Genetic Nomenclature for Mice., eds. Genetic variants and strains of the laboratory mouse. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.

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3

Inoue, T., Tetsuo Noda, and Akio Nomoto. Hitogata moderu dōbutsu. Tōkyō: Shupuringā Fearāku Tōkyō, 2002.

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P, Sundberg John, and Boggess Dawnalyn, eds. Systematic approach to evaluation of mouse mutations. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2000.

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Janet, Rossant, and Tam Patrick P. L, eds. Mouse development: Patterning, morphogenesis, and organogenesis. San Diego: Academic Press, 2002.

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EMBO Workshop (1989 Basel Institute for Immunology). The Scid mouse: Characterization and potential uses :EMBO Workshop held at the Basel Institute for Immunology, Basel, Switzerland, February 20-22, 1989. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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Silver, Lee M. Mouse genetics: Concepts and applications. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.

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Wahlsten, D. Mouse behavioral testing: How to use mice in behavioral neuroscience. London: Academic, 2011.

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Rader, Karen A. Making mice: Standardizing animals for American biomedical research, 1900-1955. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 2004.

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Rader, Karen A. Making mice: Standardizing animals for American biomedical research, 1900-1955. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 2004.

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Частини книг з теми "Mice as laboratory animals":

1

MacLellan, Aileen, Aimée Adcock, and Georgia Mason. "Behavioral Biology of Mice." In Behavioral Biology of Laboratory Animals, 89–111. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429019517-8.

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2

Baumans, Vera. "The welfare of laboratory mice." In The Welfare of Laboratory Animals, 119–52. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2271-5_7.

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Koyama, Sachiko. "Introduction: The Laboratory Mice." In SpringerBriefs in Animal Sciences, 1–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13933-3_1.

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Pritchett-Corning, Kathleen R., and Christina Winnicker. "Behavioral Biology of Deer and White-Footed Mice, Mongolian Gerbils, and Prairie and Meadow Voles." In Behavioral Biology of Laboratory Animals, 147–63. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429019517-11.

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Geise, W. "Guidelines for the Use and Care of Small Laboratory Animals in Transplantation Research." In Organtransplantation in Rats and Mice, 27–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72140-3_4.

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Mohan, G. H., R. V. Shwetha Reddy, and C. Yogesh. "Management of Specific Pathogen-Free (SPF) Mice and Rats." In Essentials of Laboratory Animal Science: Principles and Practices, 633–53. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0987-9_26.

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Moriwaki, K., N. Miyashita, Y. Yamaguchi, and T. Shiroishi. "Multiple Genes Governing Biological Functions in the Genetic Backgrounds of Laboratory Mice and Asian Wild Mice." In Animal Models of Cancer Predisposition Syndromes, 1–12. Basel: KARGER, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000062001.

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Kunstýř, I. "Genital Inflammation in Male Mice. A Microbiological Study." In New Developments in Biosciences: Their Implications for Laboratory Animal Science, 111–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3281-4_21.

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Kluge, R., K. G. Rapp, and K. Burow. "On the Inheritance of Blood Characters in Mice." In New Developments in Biosciences: Their Implications for Laboratory Animal Science, 185–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3281-4_30.

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Heinecke, H. "Intertrial — Interval in the “Water Escape Test” in Mice." In New Developments in Biosciences: Their Implications for Laboratory Animal Science, 225–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3281-4_37.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Mice as laboratory animals":

1

Mikheeva, N. A., E. P. Drozhdina, and N. A. Kurnosova. "Morphofunctional features of proliferating cells exposed to PSMA peptide." In VIII Vserossijskaja konferencija s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Mediko-fiziologicheskie problemy jekologii cheloveka». Publishing center of Ulyanovsk State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34014/mpphe.2021-142-144.

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The effect of the synthetic PSMA peptide on dividing cells of laboratory animals was studied. The experiment was carried out on male white laboratory mice of the BALB/c-line. The toxic effect of PSMA peptidi was evaluated at therapeutic (1.4 μg / kg of animal weight or 0.04 μg / animal) and subtoxic (140 μg / kg of animal weight or 4.0 μg / animal) doses. The cytotoxic effect of PSMA peptide on red bone marrow cells and cambial intestinal cells of the of laboratory mice was determined. A decrease in the proliferative activity of the colon crypt cells was revealed upon administration of a subtoxic dose of the PSMA peptide and there were no signs of toxic damage to the red bone marrow cells of animals. Key words: toxicity, proliferation, synthetic peptides, mitotic index, micronucleus test.
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Lanets, O. V., M. P. Semenenko, K. A. Semenenko, and L. V. Lazarevich. "ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE NEW STRESS CORRECTOR ON THE LABORATORY ANIMAL ORGANISM IN THE ACUTE EXPERIMENT." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS Volume 2. DSTU-Print, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.2.680-682.

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The article presents the results of acute toxicity of a new complex preparation in various ways of its introduction to laboratory white mice and rats. It was determined that a single intragastric and intramuscular administration of the maximum doses of the preparation does not cause a clinical picture of toxicosis and death of laboratory animals, on the basis of which the preparation is classified as hazardous class (GOST 12.1.007-76 “Harmful substances”) - low-hazard substances.
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Di Minno, G., A. Fusco, G. Portella, A. H. Cerbone, C. Iride, G. Tajana, O. Russo, and P. L. Mattioli. "MYELOPROLIFERATIVE DISEASE CHARACTERIZED BY THROMBOSIS, BLEEDING AND PLATELET DYSFUNCTION IN MICE INJECTED WITH THE POLYOMA MURINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS (PyMLV)." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643580.

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After i.p. injection of PyMLV, NIH/OLAC mice showed thrombi in tail veins, ears, muscles and nesenterium together with thrombi and hematomas of subcutaneous tissues. This was followed by infarctions of lungs, brain and heart, that caused death of the animals. Laboratory evaluations of the infected mice showed normochromic anemia, mild thrombocytosis and marked defects in the aggregation and in the secretion of ATP from platelets exposed to AJP, collagen, thrombin or A23137. About 10% of cells present in the bone marrow was formed by blasts; 20% by multinucleated cells identified as megakariocytes (M) by peroxidase and acethyl-cholinesterase staining, and the vast majority of the other cells by entities belonging to all stages of maturation of the myeloid lineage. Hybridization experiments showed that the blasts present in the bone marrow were the only cells in which viral replication takes place. Maturation of M in the bone marrow was completely normal, and as for M from non-infected mice, proliferation and maturation in vitro was dependent on the presence of interleukin 3. Finally, studies in other strains of mice showed that the Fv-2 locus is involved in the pathogenicity of PyMLV in NIH/OLAC mice. Ne conclude that, in addition to its obvious pathophysiological significance, the myeloproliferative disease that occurs in mice after i.p. injection of PyMLV, can serve as an important probe for understanding basic events leading to bleeding and thrombosis.
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Sudirman, Muhamad Seto. "Effectiveness of Ficus Elastica Roxb. Ex Hornem Leaf Extract in Reducing Total Cholesterol Level in High Fat Induced Diet Wistar Male Rats." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.10.

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ABSTRACT Background: Kebo rubber leaves (ficus elastica roxb) contain flavonoids, polyphenols, and tannins. Flavonoids in the leaves of ficus elastica roxb such as catechins, isoflavones are polyphenolic antioxidants from plant metabolites. The leaves of ficus elastica roxb are trusted and proven empirically in the community to reduce cholesterol levels in the blood. Mice choose animals because they are considered to have physiological similarities with humans. This study aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract of ficus elastica roxb leaves on reducing total cholesterol level in male Swiss Webster mice. Subjects and Method: This was a quasi-experimental study conducted at Biology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Fisheries and Biology, University of Bangka Belitung from April to June, 2017. A sample of 25 male Swiss Webster mice was selected at random and allocated into groups. The dependent variable was total cholesterol. The independent variable was the extract of ficus elastica rox. The data were tested by One-Way ANOVA. Result: There were statistically significant mean differences among the study groups (p= 0.002), indicating the effect of ethanol extract of Ficus Elastica Roxb leaves on reducing total cholesterol level in male Swiss Webster mice at various doses. Conclusion: There are statistically significant mean differences among the study groups, indicating the effect of ethanol extract of Ficus Elastica Roxb leaves on reducing total cholesterol level in male Swiss Webster mice at various doses. Keyword: Ethanol extract of Ficus Elastica Roxb leaves, total cholesterol, mice Correspondence: Muhamad Seto Sudirman. School of Health Polytechnic, Pangkalpinang. Email: MuhamadSeto@gmail.com DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.10
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Lazko, Alexey, Larisa Udochkina, and Nina Losovskaya. "Histochemical changes of the lung tissue in experimental chronic alcoholic intoxication." In Innovations in Medical Science and Education. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsms.nrjc3772.

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Among organ systems in the human body affected by alcohol abuse, the lungs are particularly vulnerable to infections and injury. Chronic alcoholism causesalterations in host defence of the upper and lower airways, disruption of alveolar epithelial barrier integrity, alcohol-induced ciliary lesions and alveolar macrophages dysfunction. Currently with a spread of SARS-COV 2 infections which instantly destroys the lung tissue, the alcohol-induced lung damage issues acquire vital importance, as they might further increase severity of lesions of lung tissue in the infected alcohol abusers.Recent investigations suggest that the effect of the chronic excessive alcohol consumption and SARS-COV 2 infection on the lungs might have similar and thus synergizing mechanisms. Therefore the mechanism of the lung tissue lesions in chronic alcohol intoxication need to be scrutinized, including the time-line of their development, to be able to develop more effective preventive measures. The objective of the study is to assess histochemical changes in the lung tissue of laboratory animals with chronic alcohol intoxication of different duration. Total of 48 outbred male white mice weighing 18-22 g were enrolled in the study. The experimental animals were exposed to alcohol for 1, 2 and 3 months by the semi-voluntary intake, using 20% alcohol as the only source of fluid, while control animals were getting drinking water. At the end of experiment the lung tissue of the mice was processed histologically and histochemically for alcoholic dehydrogenase (ADH), glucose-6-phasphate-dehydrogenae (G6PDH), alkaline (ALP) and acidic (AP) phosphatases, nonspecific esterase (NE) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Image analysis of the histological slides was performed using Image Pro Plus software. Statistical differences were assessed using paired t-test. Chronic alcohol consumption causes metabolic lesions in the alveolar epithelium and endothelium of alveolar capillaries revealed by an increase in the activity of ADH, G6PD and NE paralleled with a decrease in the total SDH activity of the respiratory portion of the lungs in a time-related pattern. High activity of alkaline phosphatase was noted in endothelial cells of lung capillaries. Thus, under conditions of chronic intoxication, ethanol disturbs cell metabolism, as evidenced by the changes of the enzymatic activity in the lung tissue which leads to inhibition of oxygen-dependent metabolic processes and activation of reserve mechanisms for compensating of energy deficits.
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Canizales, Jennifer, Meinir Jones, Sean Semple, Zoe Lightfoot, Johanna Feary, and Paul Cullinan. "Determining Mus m 1 personal exposure in laboratory animal workers where mice are housed in individually ventilated cages." In Annual Congress 2015. European Respiratory Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2015.pa4099.

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Canizales, Jennifer, Meinir Jones, Sean Semple, Johanna Feary, and Paul Cullinan. "Mus m 1 personal exposure in laboratory animal workers in facilities where mice are housed in open cages and individually ventilated cages." In ERS International Congress 2016 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.pa4271.

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Koniar, Dusan, Libor Hargas, Zuzana Loncova, Frantisek Duchon, and Peter Beno. "Laboratory animals tracking in videosequences." In 2016 ELEKTRO. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/elektro.2016.7512134.

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Naida, Christopher G. "Construction Vibration Mitigation for Laboratory Animals." In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics V. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784481462.030.

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Maxwell, Paul, Howard Jay Siegel, and Jerry Potter. "The ISTeC People-Animals-Robots laboratory: Robust resource allocation." In Rescue Robotics (SSRR). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssrr.2009.5424142.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Mice as laboratory animals":

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Weber, Elin, Josefina Zidar, Birgit Ewaldsson, Kaisa Askevik, Birgit Ewaldsson, Emma Svensk, and Elin Törnqvist. Aggression in group housed male mice – a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0078.

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Review question / Objective: By systematically reviewing articles investigating male mouse aggression we wanted to map how the literature in the field support, or not, the available recommendations on how to prevent aggression in group housed male mice, and to detect knowledge gaps that ought to be filled. We also wanted to address and describe how aggression have been measured in the literature, since this may influence the possibility to translate outcomes to normal husbandry conditions and contribute to useful recommendations. Condition being studied: Aggression between male cage mates is one of the main problems in laboratory mouse husbandry, affecting both animal welfare and scientific quality.
2

Zurlo, Joanne. Institute of Laboratory Animals Research (ILAR). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada416653.

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Shantyz, A. K., P. V. Miroshnichenko, E. S. Sadikova, and V. V. Menshenin. Changes in hematological and biochemical blood parameters in laboratory animals with experimental escherichiosis. Краснодарский научный центр по зоотехнии и ветеринарии, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/88sh-e5337.

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Grubman, Marvin J., Yehuda Stram, Peter W. Mason, and Hagai Yadin. Development of an Empty Viral Capsid Vaccine against Foot and Mouth Disease. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7570568.bard.

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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), a highly infectious viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals, is economically the most important disease of domestic animals. Although inactivated FMD vaccines have been succesfully used as part of comprehensive eradication programs in Western Europe, there are a number of concerns about their safety. In this proposal, we have attempted to develop a new generation of FMD vaccines that addresses these concerns. Specifically we have cloned the region of the viral genome coding for the structural proteins and the proteinase responsible for processing of the structural protein precursor into both a DNA vector and a replication-deficient human adenovirus. We have demonstrated the induction of an FMDV-specific immune response and a neutralizing antibody response with the DNA vectors in mice, but preliminary potency and efficacy studies in swine are variable. However, the adenovirus vector induces a significant and long-lived neutralizing antibody response in mice and most importantly a neutralizing and protective response in swine. These results suggest that the empty capsid approach is a potential alternative to the current vaccination strategy.
5

Splitter, Gary, and Menachem Banai. Attenuated Brucella melitensis Rough Rev1 Vaccine. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7585199.bard.

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The original objectives of the proposal were: 1. Compare mutants 444 and 710 to Rev1 (parent strain), and 16M (field strain) in murine and human macrophage lines for phenotypic differences. 2. Determine in vivo virulence and survival of the mutants 444 and 710 in guinea pigs and mice. 3. Determine humoral and cell-mediated immune responses induced by mutants 444 and 710 in guinea pigs and mice. 4. Determine in vivo protection of mice and guinea pigs provided by mutants 444 and 710 compared to Rev1. Background: While human and animal brucellosis are rare in the U.S., brucellosis caused by B. melitensis remains relatively constant in Israel. Despite a national campaign to control brucellosis in Israel, the misuse of Rev1 Elberg vaccine strain among pregnant animals has produced abortion storms raising concern of human infection due to vaccine excretion in the milk. Further, some commercial Rev1 vaccine lots can: a) produce persistent infection, b) infect humans, c) be horizontally transmitted, d) cause abortion, and e) induce a persistent anti-O-polysaccharide antibody response confounding the distinction between infected and vaccinated animals. In Israel, vaccination practices have not optimally protected the milk supply from Brucella and Rev 1 vaccine can exacerbate the problem. In addition, cattle vaccinated against B. abortus are not protected against B. melitensis supporting the need for an improved vaccine. A safe vaccine used in adult animals to produce herd resistance to infection and a vaccine that can be distinguished from virulent infection is needed. A rough Rev1 vaccine would be less virulent than the parental smooth strain and permit serologic distinction between vaccinated and infected animals. Advantages of the Rev1 vaccine foundation are: 1) Rev1 vaccination of sheep and goats against B. melintensisis approved; therefore, vaccines derived from the Rev1 foundation may be readily accepted by licensing agencies as well as commercial companies, and 2) considerable data exists on Rev1vaccination and Rev1 proteins. Therefore, a post-genomic vaccine against B. melitensis based on the Rev1 foundation would provide a great advantage. Major conclusions from our work are: 1) We have determined that mutant 710 is highly attenuated in macrophages compared to virulent field strain 16M and mutant 444. 2) We have confirmed that mutant 710 is highly attenuated in guinea pigs and mice. 3) We have determined immune responses induced by mutant 710 in animals. 4) We have determined in vivo protection of mice and guinea pigs provided by mutants 444 and 710 compared to Rev1, and importantly, mutant 710 provides a high level of protection against challenge with virulent B. melitensis 16M. Thus, our data support the goals of the grant and provide the foundation for a future vaccine useful against B. melitensis in Israel. Because of patent considerations, many of our findings with 444 and 710 have not yet been published. Scientific and Agricultural Implications: Our findings support the development of a vaccine against B. melitensis based on the mutant 710. Because strain 710 is a mutant of the Elberg Rev1 vaccine, commercialization is more likely than development of an entirely new, uncharacterized Brucella mutant or strain.
6

Fresquez, Philip R. Chemical Concentrations in Field Mice from Open-Detonation Firing Sites TA-36 Minie and TA-39 Point 6 at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1013594.

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Banai, Menachem, and Gary Splitter. Molecular Characterization and Function of Brucella Immunodominant Proteins. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568100.bard.

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The BARD project was a continuation of a previous BARD funded research project. It was aimed at characterization of the 12kDa immunodominant protein and subsequently the cloning and expression of the gene in E. coli. Additional immunodominant proteins were sought among genomic B. abortus expression library clones using T-lymphocyte proliferation assay as a screening method. The 12kDa protein was identified as the L7/L12 ribosomal protein demonstrating in the first time the role a structural protein may play in the development of the host's immunity against the organism. The gene was cloned from B. abortus (USA) and B. melitensis (Israel) showing identity of the oligonucleotide sequence between the two species. Further subcloning allowed expression of the protein in E. coli. While the native protein was shown to have DTH antigenicity its recombinant analog lacked this activity. In contrast the two proteins elicited lymphocyte proliferation in experimental murine brucellosis. CD4+ cells of the Th1 subset predominantly responded to this protein demonstrating the development of protective immunity (g-IFN, and IL-2) in the host. Similar results were obtained with bovine Brucella primed lymphocytes. UvrA, GroE1 and GroEs were additional Brucella immunodominant proteins that demonstrated MHC class II antigenicity. The role cytotoxic cells are playing in the clearance of brucella cells was shown using knock out mice defective either in their CD4+ or CD8+ cells. CD4+ defective mice were able to clear brucella as fast as did normal mice. In contrast mice which were defective in their CD8+ cells could not clear the organisms effectively proving the importance of this subtype cell line in development of protective immunity. The understanding of the host's immune response and the expansion of the panel of Brucella immunodominant proteins opened new avenues in vaccine design. It is now feasible to selectively use immunodominant proteins either as subunit vaccine to fortify immunity of older animals or as diagnostic reagents for the serological survaillance.
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Corscadden, Louise, and Arpaporn Sutipatanasomboon. What Is Operant Behavior And How To Study It. Maze Engineers, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55157/me2022127.

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Operant behavior describes a type of voluntary goal-directed actions in animals based on the repercussions of previous occurrences. It develops when animals learn to specifically respond to recurring situations based on the outcome of their past experience. American psychologist B.F. Skinner was the first to use operant to describe the behaviors he observed in his landmark experiments in laboratory animals. Operant behavior and conditioning refine the nuance between conscious and unconscious behavioral responses, which influence psychology, and applied behavior analysis, and improve our understanding of addiction, substance dependence, child development, and decision-making.
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Corscadden, Louise, and Arpaporn Sutipatanasomboon. Rodent Tagging And Identification. ConductScience, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55157/cs20230109.

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Animal tagging is a means to identify and distinguish all the individual animals of interest, which applies to wildlife, farm, or laboratory animals. It involves attaching a tag to a specific animal part that contains a unique identifier for each animal. The identifier can be numbers, alphabets, or a combination of both that distinguish and track the animals throughout their lifespans. In rodents, tagging is the most popular identification approach. Typically, tags are made from metals and attached to the outer part of rodent ears, or the ear pinna. In rare circumstances, metal tags can also be attached to the rodent’s leg or tail.
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Corscadden, Louise, and Anjali Singh. Grip Strength Test In Rodents. ConductScience, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55157/cs2023109.

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The grip strength test is one of the most commonly applied tests in animal laboratories to measure neuromuscular functions or disorders. It was first developed in the 1970s. Today a wide range of techniques are available to study muscle strength in rodents. These methods are categorized into two categories:[2] Invasive method: In situ and in vitro measurements of muscle force are invasive methods. Non-invasive method: This method only includes in vivo measurement tests to analyze muscle force such as treadmill tests, wire hang tests, swimming endurance, vertical pole test, and grip strength tests. The most convenient technique of all tests is the grip strength test. It’s most convenient and causes less stress to animals. The grip test has been widely used in order to investigate the phenotypes of transgenic mice with neuromuscular disease and evaluate potential compounds involved in the motor functioning of organisms. The tests have been serving the purpose for 30 years either alone or in combination with other tests.

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