Готові списки джерел за темами / Medical applications potential

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Medical applications potential"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 6 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Medical applications potential"

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El-Naggar, Moustafa Y., Amira M. Hamdan, Ehab A. Beltagy, Hassan A. H. Ibrahim, and Mahetab M. M. Moustafa. "Endotoxin Production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 with Potential Medical Applications." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 13, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.13.1.10.

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Anil, Sukumaran. "Potential Medical Applications of Chitooligosaccharides." Polymers 14, no. 17 (August 29, 2022): 3558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14173558.

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Chitooligosaccharides, also known as chitosan oligomers or chitooligomers, are made up of chitosan with a degree of polymerization (DP) that is less than 20 and an average molecular weight (MW) that is lower than 3.9 kDa. COS can be produced through enzymatic conversions using chitinases, physical and chemical applications, or a combination of these strategies. COS is of significant interest for pharmacological and medical applications due to its increased water solubility and non-toxicity, with a wide range of bioactivities, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, neuroprotective, anticancer, and antioxidant effects. This review aims to outline the recent advances and potential applications of COS in various diseases and conditions based on the available literature, mainly from preclinical research. The prospects of further in vivo studies and translational research on COS in the medical field are highlighted.
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Alric, Matthieu, Frédéric Chapelle, Jean-Jacques Lemaire, and Grigore Gogu. "Potential applications of medical and non-medical robots for neurosurgical applications." Minimally Invasive Therapy & Allied Technologies 18, no. 4 (January 2009): 193–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13645700903053584.

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Reddy, Narendra, and Yiqi Yang. "Potential of plant proteins for medical applications." Trends in Biotechnology 29, no. 10 (October 2011): 490–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.05.003.

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Garbacz, Halina, and Krzysztof Jan Kurzydlowski. "Properties of Nanotitanium for Potential Medical Applications." Macromolecular Symposia 253, no. 1 (August 2007): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.200750719.

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Quan, Pham Hong, Veronica Manescu Paltanea, Gheorghe Paltanea, Iulian Antoniac, and Iosif Vasile Nemoianu. "Potential of Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys for Medical Applications." Key Engineering Materials 931 (September 9, 2022): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-r405h8.

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Biodegradability of magnesium alloys in physiological media is important for material use in implant manufacture industry. Two industrial Mg alloys ZQ71 and ZQ63 were investigated. Optical microscopy was used to put in evidence microstructure. The conclusions are correlated with obtained results after scanning electron microscopy investigations coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The evaluation of the hydrogen released rate was analyzed in laboratory made simulated body fluid (SBF) and Hanks’ solution at 37°C for 10 days. Different degradation rates are obtained, and it can be concluded that they depend on chemical composition of the alloys and on immersion time of the samples in different physiological solutions.
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Piskin, E. "Potential Sorbents for Medical and Some Related Applications." International Journal of Artificial Organs 9, no. 6 (November 1986): 401–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139888600900608.

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Noor, Hafizh Muhammad. "Potential of Carrageenans in Foods and Medical Applications." GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal) 2, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35898/ghmj-22188.

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Background: Carrageenans, the polysaccharides obtained by extraction of certain species of red seaweeds (Rhodophyceae), have been widely used in both food industry and medical applications because of their excellent physical functional properties that are used as gelling, thickening and stabilizing agent. Several studies showed biological properties of carrageenans such as antiviral, anticoagulant, antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory activity. Aims: This study is to bring a short overview of the potential of carrageenans in foods and medical applications based on their biological activities.Methods: This short overview used relevant works and articles examined that collected through several electronic database including PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link and Google Scholars for the years 1991-2018 with full text in English.Results: This study is an alternative approach that is necessary in order to present the potential of carrageenans in foods and medical applications.The advantages of carrageenans as a food additive and pharmaceutical formulation lie on their high availability, low cost, and low induction of resistance. Conclusion: This review suggested that carrageenans are suitable to be applied in many kinds of food products as gelling and thickening agent with their antioxidant potency as well as medical applications such as pharmaceutical formulations in drug delivery and experimental medicine. However, more comprehensive studies on toxicity and side effect of carrageenans are necessary.
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Yasmin, Rehana, Mohsin Shah, Saeed Ahmad Khan, and Roshan Ali. "Gelatin nanoparticles: a potential candidate for medical applications." Nanotechnology Reviews 6, no. 2 (April 1, 2017): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2016-0009.

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AbstractGelatin is a protein obtained from the hydrolysis of collagen. Gelatin is an attractive biodegradable material for use in nano-biotechnology and nano-pharmaceutics. Gelatin nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used as drug and gene carrier to targeted sick tissues including cancer, tuberculosis, HIV infection along with the treatment of vasospasm and restenosis, due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. For instance, coating with gelatin lowers the cytotoxicity of quantum dots. Moreover, gelatin NPs have the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, hence proven as a promising candidate to target brain disorders. Macrophage targeting with gelatin NPs for remedy of different diseases is repeatedly reported in previous years. In tissue engineering gelatin is actively utilized for construction of biological and life-long 3D scaffolds for bio-artificial tissues and organ production. Gelatins have a wide range of potential applications which needs to be unraveled in more detail. This review is mainly focused on the applications of gelatin NPs in biomedical sciences.
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Menz, W., and A. Guber. "Microstructure Technologies and their Potential in Medical Applications." min - Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery 37, no. 01 (September 1994): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1053444.

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Дисертації з теми "Medical applications potential"

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Sharp, Duncan McNeill Craig. "Bioactive scaffolds for potential bone regenerative medical applications." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9520.

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Fracture non-unions and bone defects represent a recalcitrant problem in the field of orthopaedic surgery. Although the current gold-standard treatment, autologous bone grafting, has a relatively high success rate, the technique is not without serious problems. The emerging field of regenerative medicine may have the potential to provide an alternative treatment. One promising strategy involves the delivery of both cells and multiple growth factors with different release profiles. A range of scaffolds was developed from Poly( -caprolactone) (PCL), Poly(lactideco- glycolide) (PLGA), and two blends of PCL (Mn 42,500) and PLGA. The scaffolds were manufactured utilising a novel modified fused deposition modelling system, using polymer/dichloromethane solutions. The scaffolds were found to have pore sizes suitable for bone regenerative medical applications (373±9.5 μm in the Ydirection and 460±13 μm in the X-direction). However, the scaffolds were found to be only 52±3 μm in height. This means that the two-layer scaffolds were relatively flat. This was undesirable, as direct control of the complete 3D geometry was the favoured strategy, though it may not be a necessary requirement. Five scaffold coatings were also developed from alginate, chitosan (crosslinked using sodium hydroxide or tripolyphosphate), Type-I collagen and Type-A gelatin. The scaffold coatings were screened in vitro for their cell-compatibility with human marrow stromal cells (hMSCs), human osteoblasts and MG63 cells. This was assessed using an assay for cell death, and assessing total cell counts. From these studies, Type-I collagen was found to be the optimum coating. For hMSCs, their death rates were found to be 19.1±6.3% for alginate, 5.3±3.6% and 2.9±1.4% for chitosan crosslinked with tripolyphosphate and sodium hydroxide respectively, compared to 0.11±0.07% for Type-I collagen, and 0.15±0.13% and 0.16±0.12% for 0.1% and 0.2% gelatin respectively. Type-I collagen was found to be the most cellcompatible coating, as it was consistently associated with higher cell counts than Type-A gelatin. Similarly, PCL scaffolds vacuum dried for 1 hr were found to be cell-compatible. No detectable clinically significant difference was found in either total cell counts, or the proportion of cell death in; hMSCs exposed to PCL scaffolds processed with dichloromethane, hMSCs either exposed to scaffolds known to be biocompatible, or hMSCs cultured in the absence of scaffolds. When cell morphology was compared, scaffolds vacuum dried for 1 hr or more were found to have a similar morphology to the cells cultured in the absence of scaffolds. It was therefore concluded that a vacuum drying time of 1 hr was sufficient for cell-compatibility. The scaffold materials were screened both for their encapsulation efficiencies and release characteristics using the model drug, methylene blue. The encapsulation efficiency was found to be both relatively high and consistent for both Mn 42,500 and 80,000 PCL as well as PCL:PLGA 66:33, at 71±6%, 71±5%, and 78±10% respectively, relative to the low efficiencies recorded for both PCL:PLGA 66:33 and PLGA: 57±5% and 38±10% respectively. The release rate of methylene blue from PCL (Mn 42,500), was found to be relatively slow, controlled, and consistent between batches (between 21±2% and 20±3% released in the first 24 hr). Despite the release rate being consistent for PCL (Mn 80,000), the release rate was thought to be too high, since between 29±3% and 39±5% of the test compound was released in the first 24 hr period. The release rate of methylene blue from the PCL/PLGA blends (between 17±2% – 30±7% and 18±4% – 31±6% in the first 24 hr) and PLGA (between 7.1±3.4% – 9.3±2.9% in the first 24 hr) were found to be inconsistent, and low in the case of PLGA, even taking the different loading efficiencies into account. Therefore, PCL (Mn 42,500) was selected as the favoured candidate scaffold material. The loading content and release profiles from methylene blue loaded collagen scaffold coatings were also evaluated. The drug loading capacity was found to be suitable for use as a drug delivery system (65±5 μg/g of methylene blue per unit scaffold mass). The release of methylene blue was observed to be rapid (between 54±10% – 70±17% in the first 24 hr), which was thought to be desirable for the coating delivery system. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-7 (rhBMP-7) was used as a representative growth factor of interest for bone regenerative medical applications. It was loaded in collagen scaffold coatings (CoatBMP 1.25) and encapsulated within PCL (Mn 42,500) scaffolds (ScaffBMP 1.25). Control coatings and scaffolds were designated CoatPBS and ScaffPBS respectively. Both delivery systems were found to release detectable quantities of rhBMP-7 (releasing 2.8±0.2 μg/g and 87±7 ng/g respectively in the first 24 hr), even after 14 days. The release rate of the growth factor from the scaffold coating was higher than that from the encapsulating scaffolds. However, the cumulative release profiles were found to deviate from the desired ideal release profiles, and burst release was observed from both delivery systems. Although differences were observed for the two delivery systems, this difference may not be of clinical significance. Nevertheless, scaffolds with less than ideal delivery properties may still be of potential clinical use. The bioactivity of the rhBMP-7 released from the test scaffolds was therefore assessed by quantifying the area of normalised ALP staining of hMSCs. The release of rhBMP-7 from the collagen coating of the PCL (Mn 42,500) scaffolds (CoatBMP 1.25ScaffPBS) was capable of statistically significantly increasing hMSC normalised ALP expression, although the actual differences were often relatively small. Therefore, at least a proportion of the growth factor released is likely to have been bioactive. The release from scaffolds encapsulating rhBMP-7 (CoatPBSScaffBMP 1.25) did not have this effect on the hMSCs, indicating that either the concentration released was too low, or the growth factor released was no longer bioactive. However, when the cells were seeded directly onto the scaffolds, the activity of ALP, normalised by a DNA assay, was statistically significantly increased for the CoatPBSScaffBMP 1.25 scaffolds, in hMSCs from all three test patient donors (by 35±10% on the control). ALP activity was also significantly increased in hMSCs from two of the three patients seeded onto CoatBMP 1.25ScaffBMP 1.25 scaffolds (by 39±10% on the control). ALP activity was only statistically significantly increased for one of the hMSC patients when seeded onto CoatBMP 1.25ScaffPBS scaffolds (by 35±14% on the control). The functional osteoinductive capacity of Type-I collagen coated PCL (Mn 42,500) scaffolds loaded with rhBMP-7 was assessed using C2C12 cells seeded onto the scaffolds, and quantified using qRT-PCR. The genes of interest were; Type-I collagen (Col1), osteopontin (OP), ALP, osteocalcin (OC) and runt related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). The CoatBMP 1.25ScaffPBS scaffolds had an early osteoinductive effect on the C2C12 cells, as ALP, OC and Runx2 were elevated during the first 2 days only, compared to the control (e.g. by 44±12%, 128±42%, 60±25% and 46±25% respectively at the 24 hr mark). The CoatPBSScaffBMP 1.25 scaffolds also had an osteoinductive effect on the cells, which was more sustained than that observed for the CoatBMP 1.25ScaffPBS group. While OP, ALP and Runx2 were up-regulated in the first 24 hr compared to the control (by 38±10%, 208±82% and 72±31% respectively), statistically significant up-regulation of the late marker OC was delayed until the 48 hr mark (by 73±49%). The effect was found to be sustained until day 7, when OC and Runx2 were both statistically significantly up-regulated compared to the control (by 151±91% and 93±27% respectively). The CoatBMP 1.25ScaffBMP 1.25 scaffolds were found to combine the early effect of the CoatBMP 1.25ScaffPBS scaffolds, with the more sustained effect of the CoatPBSScaffBMP 1.25 scaffolds. ALP, OC and Runx2 were all up-regulated at the 24 hr mark (by 312±56%, 329±39% and 96±25% respectively). This osteoinductive effect was sustained until day 7 when Col1, ALP and Runx2 were still up-regulated compared to the control (by 174±78%, 72±24% and 178±78% respectively). These data suggest that the scaffolds containing rhBMP-7 have a weak osteoinductive effect on the cells seeded onto them. The different delivery systems were found to affect the cells differently. The clinical significance of this was not assessed in these studies. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) was used as a model drug to assess the feasibility of releasing lipid-soluble active factors from the scaffolds. This was assessed by quantifying the area of normalised ALP staining of hMSCs. The release of 1,25(OH)2D3 from the loaded collagen scaffold coatings and the encapsulating scaffolds significantly increased ALP expression compared to the control scaffold groups (by 115±28% and 69±25% respectively). Furthermore, ALP expression was significantly increased when the two delivery systems were used together, when compared to either delivery system on its own. These data suggest that the delivery of lipid-soluble active factors is feasible from collagen coated PCL scaffolds, and that the coating and encapsulating delivery systems are mutually compatible.
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Groombridge, Helen Jane. "Phosphorus - containing ligands with potential applications in medical imaging." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430021.

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Hauser, Jonathon Charles. "Toxicological examination of metallic and organometallic nanoparticles for potential medical applications." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665462.

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This thesis examines the toxicity of metallic and organometallic nanoparticles which have applications in the medical field. Commercially available Silver particles} used to create bactericidal surfaces} are tested against two human in vitro cell models to investigate the sensitivity of the models and the toxicity of the particles. No toxicity to a human blood brain barrier in vitro cell model arises from concentrations of particles likely to be encountered. Significant toxicity however is demonstrated in a human placental in vitro cell model} raising concerns for maternal exposure to Silver particles and selecting the placental cell model for further study. A novel polymer nanoparticle drug delivery system capable of encapsulating a wide variety of lipophilic drugs is described. Extensive characterisation demonstrates successful encapsulation of fluorescent} water insoluble} Tris-(8-hydroxyquinolinato) Aluminium (III) (AlQ3) a molecule with antibiotic potential. The AlQ3 nanoparticles are tested against a human placental in vitro cell model} at physiologically relevant doses} finding no significant toxicity to the cell membrane} metabolism} nucleus or viability. Confocal experiments with concomitant organelle staining confirm cellular internalisation and examine the AlQ3 intracellular localisation. The antibacterial properties of AlQ3 nanoparticles are then demonstrated by the treatment of human keratinocytes infected with Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA). The polymer nanoparticle delivery system is then further examined by synthesising nanoparticles of the chemotherapeutic analogue} Tris-(8-hydroxyquinolinato) Gallium (lit) (Ga~). Ga~ having undergone phase I human clinical trials} provides an ideal example of an insoluble drug molecule whilst allowing for direct comparison to the AlQ3 nanoparticles. Characterisation confirms the formation of nanoparticles suitable for passive disease targeting with the potential for extended blood circulation. Toxicity testing against a human placental in vitro cell model shows significant toxicity to the cell membrane} metabolism} nucleus and viability. Confocal experiments confirm the GaQ3 nanoparticles follow the same intracellular pathway as the AlQ3 nanoparticles elucidating further the mechanism of toxicity.
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Ratcliffe, Naomi. "Potential of a compact low energy proton accelertor for medical applications." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2014. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/23711/.

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This thesis explores the potential of a compact low energy (<10MeV) proton accelerator for medical applications such as the production of neutrons for cancer neutron therapy and the production of SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography) and PET (Positron Emission Tomography) radioisotopes. During the course of this study the simulation code GEANT4 was used to study yields of these neutrons and isotopes from the typically low threshold high cross-­‐section (p,n) reactions. Due to the limits of the current models within GEANT4 some development of a new data-­‐driven model for low energy proton interactions was undertaken and has been tested here. This model was found to be suitably reliable for continued study into the low energy production of positron emitting, PET, isotopes of copper and gallium as replacements for the main SPECT isotope technetium-­‐99m. While 99mTc is currently the most popular radioisotope being used in over 90% of the worlds nuclear medicine diagnostic procedures supply is under threat by the impending shut down of the current reactor based sources. Simulations of both thin and thick targets were carried out to study the potential of low energy production of these isotopes. The final activity of the radioisotopes after irradiation of these targets produced by the simulations has been shown here to be sufficient for multiple doses. The useable activity is dependent on the efficiency of the extraction process and the time between irradiation and administration.
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Cheesman, Benjamin Thomas. "UV-induced film formation of functionalised siloxanes with potential for medical applications." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.559493.

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Methacrylate-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) macromonomers have been obtained through a flexible synthetic method which has been tailored into an efficient 1 pot, 2 stage reaction. Linear and star-shaped analogues have been synthesised and 3 molecular weights of each architecture were produced for use in subsequent curing investigations. The PDMS macromonomers were photo cured into films by exposure to UV irra- diation in the presence of a free-radical initiator. A curing time study was carried out and the rheological properties, swelling ratio, Young's modulus, surface tack and macroscopic extension of the cured films were investigated. At short irradiation times, samples were sensitive to irradiation time and an increase in exposure produced a signif- icantly more solid-like film. However, after longer irradiation times, the film properties reached a plateau and films did not become significantly more solid-like despite further irradiation. Ideal network models are proposed which support the observation that the cured film properties were strongly affected by the macromonomer molecular weight. Low molecular weight macromonomers produced densely cross-linked films which were hard, elastomeric solids. Films formed from medium molecular weight macromonomers were softer materials with tacky surfaces, and films formed from the highest molecular weight were softer still and some samples exhibited viscous flow. Introducing branching into the macromonomers decreased the irradiation time re- quired to form a cohesive film. Increasing the degree of macromonomer branching increased the solid-like nature of the film in comparison to those formed from linear species, although this did not outweigh the effect of macromonomer molecular weight. The materials investigated in this study may have potential for use as non-degradable, curable materials in medical applications and have scope for in vivo curing.
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Cassen, Mathieu. "Applications of ambulatory body surface potential mapping to the diagnosis of coronary heart disease." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366061.

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Liu, Chu Chuan. "Advanced Projection Ultrasound Imaging with CMOS-based Sensor Array: Development, Characterization, and Potential Medical Applications." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40492.

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Since early 1960s, ultrasound has become one of the most widely used medical imaging device as a diagnostic tool or an image guider for surgical intervention because of its high portability, non-ionization, non-invasiveness and low cost. Although continuous improvements in commercial equipments have been underway for many years, almost all systems are developed with pulse-echo geometry. In this research, a newly invented ultrasound sensor array was incorporated into the developments of a projection imaging system. Three C-scan prototypes, which included prototypes #1, #2 and an ultrasound mammography system, were constructed. Systematic and Evaluative studies included ultrasound CT, 3-D ultrasound, and multi-modality investigations were also performed. Furthermore, a new analytical method to model ultrasound forward scattering distribution (FSD) was developed by employing a specific annular apparatus. After applying this method, the scattering-corrected C-scan images revealed more detail structures as compared to unprocessed images. This new analytical modelling approach is believed to be effective for most imaging systems operating in projection geometry. In summary, while awaiting additional clinical validation, the C-scan ultrasound prototypes with the state-of-the-art PE-CMOS sensor arrays can provide veritable value and holds real and imminent promise in medical diagnostic imaging. Potential future uses of C-scan ultrasound include but not limit to computerized tomography, biopsy guidance, therapeutic device placing, foreign object detection, pediatric imaging, breast imaging, prostate imaging, human extremities imaging and live animal imaging. With continuous research and development, we believe that C-scan ultrasound has the potential to make a significant impact in the field of medical ultrasound imaging.
Ph. D.
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Buthelezi, Sindisiwe. "Proteomic profiling of Nguni cattle liver tissue using gel and Gel-Free approaches: methodology development and potential applications." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3121.

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Includes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references.
In South Africa, resource-poor farmers mainly depend on livestock farming for their livelihoods, with cattle production being the most important livestock sector. As a consequence of natural selection in stressful conditions, Nguni cattle have been reported to be metabolically superior to other cattle breeds under unfavourable conditions. Using proteomics, with mass spectrometry at the core of the analysis, the objective of this study was to establish a reliable set of methods for the protein profiling of Nguni cattle livers. To achieve this several alternative technologies were employed and their outcomes compared namely, two-dimensional electrophoresis, fractionation by solution phase iso-electric focusing-reversed phase chromatography (IEF-RP), offline strong cation exchange- low pH reversed phase chromatography (SCX-RP) and offline high pH reverse phase-low pH reverse phase chromatography (RP-RP). All solution based methods were coupled to a tandem mass spectrometer. Protein identification was performed using the ParagonTMAlgorithm of Protein Pilot v4.0 as well as PEAKS v6. The IEF-RP and RP-RP methods achieved similar results in terms of number of proteins identified. In addition, proteins that play a role in the urea cycle (which is believed to contribute to the Nguni cattle’s enhanced metabolic ability) were all identified with both techniques. The RP-RP method was selected as the most appropriate method for future research linked to this work and will be used in the next phase of this project, on the basis that it is easier to automate compared to the IEF-RP method. It will be used beyond the scope of this work to compare levels of expression and modification of the liver proteins and their isoforms in Nguni and Hereford cattle grown under adverse environmental conditions, in order to identify those that may contribute to enhanced liver metabolism in Nguni cattle. This will be complemented by the identification and characterisation of potential polymorphisms with in such proteins that can be used to select for this trait during breeding.
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Jhala, Ekta. "Investigation of Dosimetric Characteristics and Exploration of Potential Applications of Amorphous Silicon Detector." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Physics and Astronomy, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1350.

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The ability of the electronic portal imaging device (EPID) to acquire a large two-dimensional array of digitized x-ray data in real time is extremely attractive for dosimetric measurements. To evaluate the potential use of an EPID for portal dose measurement in Wellington Blood and Cancer Centre, some dosimetric characteristics of the Varian's PortalVisionTM aS500 were investigated. PortalVisionTM incorporates an amorphous silicon detector (aSi). Some potential applications of EPID in linac QA were also explored. The EPID's performance for linearity with MU and dose rate was verified and it was found to be proportional over the entire measured range. Short term repeatability was found to be excellent. An investigation of calibration method to improve dosimetric accuracy demonstrated two methods of avoiding detector saturation. Firstly, acquiring flood field with the use of additional buildup and secondly, increasing the source to detector distance for calibration. A study of EPIDs behaviour under conditions of varying dose rate which commonly arise in EDW treatment techniques was carried out. The EPID exhibited a field size dependence in addition to a 8% discrepancy on the `hot edge' of EDW profiles. Further investigation into the field size dependence and the discrepancy at hot edge is required. EPIDs ability to acquire asymmetric field profile was also investigated. The profiles acquired using EPID deviated in shape and magnitude by upto 16% from the ion chamber profiles. Some potential applications of EPID to perform QA of linac beam properties, its ability to perform optical and mechanical linac QA have been explored. The EPID's capability to give constant output, flatness, symmetry, wedge angle and wedge factors with high level of accuracy and reproducibility was demonstrated. EPID was also found to be objective, efficient and feasible for performing optical linac QA. The use of EPID for linac QA could be simplified by improving the available software analysis tools thus making it more efficient.
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O'Boyle, Farah. "Investigating the structural integrity of the α-3/5 conotoxin fold and its significance for potential medical applications." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428335.

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Книги з теми "Medical applications potential"

1

International School of Radiation Damage and Protection (6th 1985 Erice, Italy). Ultrasound: Medical applications, biological effects, and hazard potential. New York: Plenum Press, 1986.

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2

E, Colon, and Visser S. L, eds. Evoked potential manual: A practical guide to clinical applications. 2nd ed. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1990.

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3

Rezaul, Begg, Kamruzzaman Joarder, and Sarkar Ruhul, eds. Neural networks in healthcare: Potential and challenges. Hershey, PA: Idea Group Pub., 2006.

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4

Andrea, Cabibbo, Grant Richard P, and Helmer-Citterich Manuela, eds. The Internet for cell and molecular biologists: Current applications and future potential. Wymondham: Horizon Scientific, 2002.

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5

1953-, Burkard Robert F., Eggermont Jos J, and Don Manuel, eds. Auditory evoked potentials: Basic principles and clinical application. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007.

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6

1953-, Burkard Robert F., Eggermont Jos J, and Don Manuel, eds. Auditory evoked potentials: Basic principles and clinical application. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007.

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7

A, Boulton A., Baker Glen B. 1947-, and Vanderwolf C. H, eds. Neurophysiological techniques: Applications to neural systems. Clifton, N.J: Humana Press, 1990.

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8

Repacholi, M. H. Ultrasound: "Medical Applications, Biological Effects, And Hazard Potential". Springer, 2011.

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9

Repacholi, M. H., A. Rindi, and Martino Gandolfo. Ultrasound: Medical Applications, Biological Effects, and Hazard Potential. Springer London, Limited, 2012.

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Ultrasound: Medical Applications, Biological Effects, and Hazard Potential. Springer, 2011.

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Частини книг з теми "Medical applications potential"

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Griffith, J. R., and J. G. O’Rear. "New Fluoropolymers for Potential Medical Applications." In Advances in Biomedical Polymers, 63–67. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1829-3_7.

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Karagiannis, Peter. "Clinical Potential of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells." In Medical Applications of iPS Cells, 3–12. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3672-0_1.

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Thakral, Seema, and Naveen Kumar Thakral. "Potential Medical Applications of Fullerenes: An Overview." In Bio-Nanotechnology, 424–41. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118451915.ch24.

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Simeonova, M., M. Antcheva, and R. Velichkova. "Poly(butylcyanoacrylate) Nanoparticles as Potential Drug Delivery Systems." In Advanced Biomaterials for Medical Applications, 21–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2908-0_3.

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Gebelein, Charles G. "Potential Medical Applications of Nucleic Acid Analog Polymers." In Biomimetic Polymers, 269–75. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0657-3_15.

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Sazonov, Igor, Xianghua Xie, and Perumal Nithiarasu. "Efficient Geometrical Potential Force Computation for Deformable Model Segmentation." In Medical Computer Vision. Recognition Techniques and Applications in Medical Imaging, 104–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36620-8_11.

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Prohaska, O. J. "Potential and Limitations of Microsensors in Biomedical Applications." In The Influence of New Technology on Medical Practice, 258–63. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09609-1_39.

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Swartz, Harold M. "Potential Medical (Clinical) Applications of EPR: Overview & Perspectives." In In Vivo EPR (ESR), 599–621. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0061-2_22.

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Osman, Eman. "Nanofinished Medical Textiles and Their Potential Impact to Health and Environment." In Nanoparticles and their Biomedical Applications, 127–45. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0391-7_5.

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Sharma, Nikunj, Anwesha Khanra, and Monika Prakash Rai. "Potential Applications of Antioxidants from Algae in Human Health." In Oxidative Stress: Diagnostic Methods and Applications in Medical Science, 153–68. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4711-4_9.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Medical applications potential"

1

Kalender, Willi A., Klaus Engelke, and Stefan Schaller. "Spiral CT: medical use and potential industrial applications." In Optical Science, Engineering and Instrumentation '97, edited by Ulrich Bonse. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.279357.

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2

Esserman, Laura, and Steven Conradson. "Potential Medical Applications of UV Free-Electron Lasers." In Free-Electron Laser Applications in the Ultraviolet. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fel.1988.fc6.

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Reliable, high power CO2, YAG, and Ar ion lasers are common medical instruments, having become the tool of choice in surgical applications as delicate as the repair of detached retinas and as coarse as the removal of polyps from the colon. For these lasers, the destruction of the selected tissue is a thermal process. The laser is simply a convenient means for delivering a sufficient amount of power to the required area to effect pyrolysis. Although obviously quite useful, it belies the impression of the laser as a superbly precise instrument since thermal decomposition is a rather dirty and crude process in terms of the reaction products and the inability to prevent damage to adjacent tissue. If, however, the excitation wavelength is lowered to the UV region below ca. 300 nm the decomposition mechanism changes. Instead of being limited to exciting vibrations and rotations in the exposed material, radiant energy is deposited into the covalent bonds of the biopolymer molecules, causing their direct fragmentation.
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Laamanen, C., and R. J. LeClair. "Potential use of a single scatter model in breast CBCT applications." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Bruce R. Whiting and Christoph Hoeschen. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2043629.

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Bräuer-Krisch, E., A. Rosenfeld, M. Lerch, M. Petasecca, M. Akselrod, J. Sykora, J. Bartz, et al. "Potential High Resolution Dosimeters For MRT." In 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3478205.

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Wang, Lei, Walter M. Gibson, and Carolyn A. MacDonald. "Potential of polycapillary optics for hard x-ray medical imaging applications." In SPIE's International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, edited by Carolyn A. MacDonald, Kenneth A. Goldberg, Juan R. Maldonado, Huaiyu H. Chen-Mayer, and Stephen P. Vernon. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.371107.

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Gioia, Federica, Alejandro Luis Callara, Tobias Bruderer, Matyas Ripszam, Fabio Di Francesco, Enzo Pasquale Scilingo, and Alberto Greco. "Potential physiological stress biomarkers in human sweat." In 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memea54994.2022.9856534.

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Das, Mini, Bigyan Kandel, Chan Soo Park, and Zhihua Liang. "Energy calibration of photon counting detectors using x-ray tube potential as a reference for material decomposition applications." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Christoph Hoeschen, Despina Kontos, and Thomas G. Flohr. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2082979.

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8

Kadim, H. J., and C. M. Wood. "Prediction of Protein Conformation with Potential Applications to Medical Diagnosis and Defence." In 2007 ECSIS Symposium on Bio-inspired, Learning, and Intelligent Systems for Security (BLISS 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bliss.2007.16.

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9

True, Isaac, and Grenville Armitage. "Potential redundant link fail-over strategies for uptime-sensitive medical telemetry applications." In 2016 IEEE 18th International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications and Services (Healthcom). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/healthcom.2016.7749441.

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Iavicoli, I., and V. Leso. "1648b Nanotechnology in medical fields: potential applications, toxicological implications, and occupational risks." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.932.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Medical applications potential"

1

Spanner, G. E., and G. L. Wilfert. Potential industrial applications for composite phase-change materials as thermal energy storage media. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5861369.

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2

Oleksiuk, Vasyl P., and Olesia R. Oleksiuk. Exploring the potential of augmented reality for teaching school computer science. [б. в.], November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4404.

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The article analyzes the phenomenon of augmented reality (AR) in education. AR is a new technology that complements the real world with the help of computer data. Such content is tied to specific locations or activities. Over the last few years, AR applications have become available on mobile devices. AR becomes available in the media (news, entertainment, sports). It is starting to enter other areas of life (such as e-commerce, travel, marketing). But education has the biggest impact on AR. Based on the analysis of scientific publications, the authors explored the possibilities of using augmented reality in education. They identified means of augmented reality for teaching computer science at school. Such programs and services allow students to observe the operation of computer systems when changing their parameters. Students can also modify computer hardware for augmented reality objects and visualize algorithms and data processes. The article describes the content of author training for practicing teachers. At this event, some applications for training in AR technology were considered. The possibilities of working with augmented reality objects in computer science training are singled out. It is shown that the use of augmented reality provides an opportunity to increase the realism of research; provides emotional and cognitive experience. This all contributes to engaging students in systematic learning; creates new opportunities for collaborative learning, develops new representations of real objects.
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Cuesta, Ana, Lucia Delgado, Sebastián Gallegos, Benjamin Roseth, and Mario Sánchez. Increasing the Take-up of Public Health Services: An Experiment on Nudges and Digital Tools in Uruguay. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003397.

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In this paper, we test whether promoting digital government tools increases the take-up of an important public health prevention service: cervical cancer screening. We implemented an at-scale field experiment in Uruguay, randomly encouraging women to make medical appointments with a digital application or reminding them to do it as usual at their local clinic. Using administrative records, we found that the digital application nearly doubled attendance of a screening appointment compared to reminders and tripled the rate compared to a pure control group (3.2 percentage point increase over a base of 1.9 percent). Survey data suggests that the impacts of the intervention were mostly mediated by reduced transaction costs. Our results highlight the potential of investing in digital government to improve the take-up of public services.
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Niles, John S., and J. M. Pogodzinski. Steps to Supplement Park-and-Ride Public Transit Access with Ride-and-Ride Shuttles. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1950.

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Public transit ridership in California declined in the five years before the pandemic of 2020–21 and dropped significantly further after the pandemic began. A sharp downward step in the level of transit boarding occurred after February 2020, and continues to the date of this report as a result of the public-health guidance on social distancing, expanded work-at-home, and a travel mode shift from public transit to private cars. A critical issue has come to the foreground of public transportation policy, namely, how to increase the quality and geographic reach of transit service to better serve the essential trips of mobility disadvantaged citizens who do not have access to private vehicle travel. The research focus of this report is an examination of the circumstances where fixed route bus route service could cost-effectively be replaced by on-demand microtransit, with equivalent overall zone-level efficiency and a higher quality of complete trip service. Research methods were reviews of documented agency experience, execution of simple simulations, and sketch-level analysis of 2019 performance reported in the National Transit Database. Available evidence is encouraging and suggestive, but not conclusive. The research found that substitutions of flexible microtransit for fixed route buses are already being piloted across the U.S., with promising performance results. The findings imply that action steps could be taken in California to expand and refine an emphasis on general purpose microtransit in corridors and zones with a relatively high fraction of potential travelers who are mobility disadvantaged, and where traditional bus routes are capturing fewer than 15 boardings per vehicle hour. To be sufficiently productive as fixed route replacements, microtransit service technologies in the same or larger zones need to be capable of achieving vehicle boardings of five per hour, a challenge worth addressing with technology applications. Delivery of microtransit service can be undertaken through contracts with a growing set of private sector firms, which are developing processes to merge general purpose customers with those now assigned to ADA-required paratransit and Medi-Cal-supported non-emergency medical transport.
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Rathinam, Francis, P. Thissen, and M. Gaarder. Using big data for impact evaluations. Centre of Excellence for Development Impact and Learning (CEDIL), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51744/cmb2.

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The amount of big data available has exploded with recent innovations in satellites, sensors, mobile devices, call detail records, social media applications, and digital business records. Big data offers great potential for examining whether programmes and policies work, particularly in contexts where traditional methods of data collection are challenging. During pandemics, conflicts, and humanitarian emergency situations, data collection can be challenging or even impossible. This CEDIL Methods Brief takes a step-by-step, practical approach to guide researchers designing impact evaluations based on big data. This brief is based on the CEDIL Methods Working Paper on ‘Using big data for evaluating development outcomes: a systematic map’.
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Rudd, Ian. Leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Robotics to Improve Mental Health. Intellectual Archive, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2710.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the oldest fields of computer science used in building structures that look like human beings in terms of thinking, learning, solving problems, and decision making (Jovanovic et al., 2021). AI technologies and techniques have been in application in various aspects to aid in solving problems and performing tasks more reliably, efficiently, and effectively than what would happen without their use. These technologies have also been reshaping the health sector's field, particularly digital tools and medical robotics (Dantas & Nogaroli, 2021). The new reality has been feasible since there has been exponential growth in the patient health data collected globally. The different technological approaches are revolutionizing medical sciences into dataintensive sciences (Dantas & Nogaroli, 2021). Notably, with digitizing medical records supported the increasing cloud storage, the health sector created a vast and potentially immeasurable volume of biomedical data necessary for implementing robotics and AI. Despite the notable use of AI in healthcare sectors such as dermatology and radiology, its use in psychological healthcare has neem models. Considering the increased mortality and morbidity levels among patients with psychiatric illnesses and the debilitating shortage of psychological healthcare workers, there is a vital requirement for AI and robotics to help in identifying high-risk persons and providing measures that avert and treat mental disorders (Lee et al., 2021). This discussion is focused on understanding how AI and robotics could be employed in improving mental health in the human community. The continued success of this technology in other healthcare fields demonstrates that it could also be used in redefining mental sicknesses objectively, identifying them at a prodromal phase, personalizing the treatments, and empowering patients in their care programs.
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Warren, Nancy, Pia Mingkwan, Caroline Kery, Meagan Meekins, Thomas Bukowski, and Laura Nyblade. Identifying and Classifying COVID-19 Stigma on Social Media. RTI Press, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2023.op.0087.2305.

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Since the introduction of COVID-19 in early 2020, COVID-19 stigma has persisted on social media. Stigma, a social process where individuals or groups are labeled, stereotyped, and separated, can result in misinformation, discrimination, and violence. The body of research on COVID-19 stigma is growing, but addressing stigma on social media remains challenging because of the enormous volume and diversity of rapidly changing content. This three-part methodology offers a standardized approach for generating (1) a relevant and manageable social media sample for stigma identification and research, (2) a categorization process to organize the sample, and (3) a systematic coding method for classifying stigma within the sample. An application of the methodology generated a curated sample of 138,998 posts from Twitter and Reddit, organized according to key stigma domain, key terms, frequency of terms, and hashtag occurrence. A subset of 711 posts were selected for the content analysis and analyzed based on the key stigma domains, distinguishing between intentional and unintentional stigma. This methodology has the potential to facilitate comprehensive social media stigma research through simplified sample generation and stigma identification processes and offers the possibility of adaptation to address other types of social media stigma, beyond COVID-19.
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Tokarieva, Anastasiia V., Nataliia P. Volkova, Inesa V. Harkusha, and Vladimir N. Soloviev. Educational digital games: models and implementation. [б. в.], September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3242.

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Nowadays, social media, ICT, mobile technologies and applications are increasingly used as tools for communication, interaction, building up social skills and unique learning environments. One of the latest trends observed in education is an attempt to streamline the learning process by applying educational digital games. Despite numerous research data, that confirms the positive effects of digital games, their integration into formal educational contexts is still relatively low. The purpose of this article is to analyze, discuss and conclude what is necessary to start using games as an instructional tool in formal education. In order to achieve this aim, a complex of qualitative research methods, including semi-structured expert interviews was applied. As the result, the potential of educational digital games to give a unique and safe learning environment with a wide spectrum of build-in assistive features, be efficient in specific training contexts, help memorize studied material and incorporate different learning styles, as well as to be individually adaptable, was determined. At the same time, the need for complex approach affecting the administration, IT departments, educators, students, parents, a strong skill set and a wide spectrum of different roles and tasks a teacher carries out in a digital game-based learning class were outlined. In conclusion and as a vector for further research, the organization of Education Design Laboratory as an integral part of a contemporary educational institution was proposed.
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Borrett, Veronica, Melissa Hanham, Gunnar Jeremias, Jonathan Forman, James Revill, John Borrie, Crister Åstot, et al. Science and Technology for WMD Compliance Monitoring and Investigations. The United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37559/wmd/20/wmdce11.

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The integration of novel technologies for monitoring and investigating compliance can enhance the effectiveness of regimes related to weapons of mass destruction (WMD). This report looks at the potential role of four novel approaches based on recent technological advances – remote sensing tools; open-source satellite data; open-source trade data; and artificial intelligence (AI) – in monitoring and investigating compliance with WMD treaties. The report consists of short essays from leading experts that introduce particular technologies, discuss their applications in WMD regimes, and consider some of the wider economic and political requirements for their adoption. The growing number of space-based sensors is raising confidence in what open-source satellite systems can observe and record. These systems are being combined with local knowledge and technical expertise through social media platforms, resulting in dramatically improved coverage of the Earth’s surface. These open-source tools can complement and augment existing treaty verification and monitoring capabilities in the nuclear regime. Remote sensing tools, such as uncrewed vehicles, can assist investigators by enabling the remote collection of data and chemical samples. In turn, this data can provide valuable indicators, which, in combination with other data, can inform assessments of compliance with the chemical weapons regime. In addition, remote sensing tools can provide inspectors with real time two- or three-dimensional images of a site prior to entry or at the point of inspection. This can facilitate on-site investigations. In the past, trade data has proven valuable in informing assessments of non-compliance with the biological weapons regime. Today, it is possible to analyse trade data through online, public databases. In combination with other methods, open-source trade data could be used to detect anomalies in the biological weapons regime. AI and the digitization of data create new ways to enhance confidence in compliance with WMD regimes. In the context of the chemical weapons regime, the digitization of the chemical industry as part of a wider shift to Industry 4.0 presents possibilities for streamlining declarations under the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) and for facilitating CWC regulatory requirements.
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Cytryn, Eddie, Mark R. Liles, and Omer Frenkel. Mining multidrug-resistant desert soil bacteria for biocontrol activity and biologically-active compounds. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598174.bard.

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Control of agro-associated pathogens is becoming increasingly difficult due to increased resistance and mounting restrictions on chemical pesticides and antibiotics. Likewise, in veterinary and human environments, there is increasing resistance of pathogens to currently available antibiotics requiring discovery of novel antibiotic compounds. These drawbacks necessitate discovery and application of microorganisms that can be used as biocontrol agents (BCAs) and the isolation of novel biologically-active compounds. This highly-synergistic one year project implemented an innovative pipeline aimed at detecting BCAs and associated biologically-active compounds, which included: (A) isolation of multidrug-resistant desert soil bacteria and root-associated bacteria from medicinal plants; (B) invitro screening of bacterial isolates against known plant, animal and human pathogens; (C) nextgeneration sequencing of isolates that displayed antagonistic activity against at least one of the model pathogens and (D) in-planta screening of promising BCAs in a model bean-Sclerotiumrolfsii system. The BCA genome data were examined for presence of: i) secondary metabolite encoding genes potentially linked to the anti-pathogenic activity of the isolates; and ii) rhizosphere competence-associated genes, associated with the capacity of microorganisms to successfully inhabit plant roots, and a prerequisite for the success of a soil amended BCA. Altogether, 56 phylogenetically-diverse isolates with bioactivity against bacterial, oomycete and fungal plant pathogens were identified. These strains were sent to Auburn University where bioassays against a panel of animal and human pathogens (including multi-drug resistant pathogenic strains such as A. baumannii 3806) were conducted. Nineteen isolates that showed substantial antagonistic activity against at least one of the screened pathogens were sequenced, assembled and subjected to bioinformatics analyses aimed at identifying secondary metabolite-encoding and rhizosphere competence-associated genes. The genome size of the bacteria ranged from 3.77 to 9.85 Mbp. All of the genomes were characterized by a plethora of secondary metabolite encoding genes including non-ribosomal peptide synthase, polyketidesynthases, lantipeptides, bacteriocins, terpenes and siderophores. While some of these genes were highly similar to documented genes, many were unique and therefore may encode for novel antagonistic compounds. Comparative genomic analysis of root-associated isolates with similar strains not isolated from root environments revealed genes encoding for several rhizospherecompetence- associated traits including urea utilization, chitin degradation, plant cell polymerdegradation, biofilm formation, mechanisms for iron, phosphorus and sulfur acquisition and antibiotic resistance. Our labs are currently writing a continuation of this feasibility study that proposes a unique pipeline for the detection of BCAs and biopesticides that can be used against phytopathogens. It will combine i) metabolomic screening of strains from our collection that contain unique secondary metabolite-encoding genes, in order to isolate novel antimicrobial compounds; ii) model plant-based experiments to assess the antagonistic capacities of selected BCAs toward selected phytopathogens; and iii) an innovative next-generation-sequencing based method to monitor the relative abundance and distribution of selected BCAs in field experiments in order to assess their persistence in natural agro-environments. We believe that this integrated approach will enable development of novel strains and compounds that can be used in large-scale operations.
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