Готові списки джерел за темами / Manipulative activity

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Manipulative activity"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 7 липня 2024

Оновлено: 7 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Manipulative activity":

Krontiris-Litowitz, Johanna. "USING MANIPULATIVES TO IMPROVE LEARNING IN THE UNDERGRADUATE NEUROPHYSIOLOGY CURRICULUM." Advances in Physiology Education 27, no. 3 (September 2003): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00042.2002.

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Educational research has demonstrated that the use of concrete objects or manipulatives in the classroom enhances problem-solving skills and conceptual learning. This project examines the use of manipulatives in a neurophysiology curriculum and assesses their effectiveness on student comprehension. Three activities, building an ion channel, building a nerve cell, and passive membrane properties, were developed using modeling clay and beads as manipulatives. Their effect on learning was assessed in a neurobiology class that had been divided into an experimental group that worked with manipulative-based activities and a control group that did not. After the experimental group had completed the manipulative activity, both groups were given a quiz. Students who had used manipulatives scored significantly better than those who had not. In a second study, students were given a quiz before and after completing a manipulative activity. Students who had used manipulatives showed the greatest grade improvement. These studies suggest that manipulative activities can be used to enhance learning in the neurophysiology curriculum.

Verbitskaya, Kseniya Aleksandrovna. "Investigation of signs of manipulation in the field of education." KANT 43, no. 2 (June 2022): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24923/2222-243x.2022-43.40.

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The purpose of the study is to determine the signs and consequences of the manipulative behavior of teachers. The article substantiates the relevance of setting and solving the problem of preventing manipulative behavior among future teachers. Behavioral signs of manipulative behavior of teachers, typical situations of its manifestation and characteristic emotional reactions of students to pedagogical manipulation are revealed. The scientific novelty consists in presenting the value-target guidelines of actualizing pedagogical activity as a humanistically acceptable, personally and socially expedient, pedagogically effective alternative to manipulative behavior. As a result, theoretical and empirical data were obtained, which together prove that an alternative to the manipulative behavior of teachers is actualizing pedagogical activity, for which it is necessary to prepare future teachers in the process of professional education.

Vlăduţescu, Ştefan. "Actants of Manipulative Communication." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 40 (September 2014): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.40.41.

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The study starts from assumption that together with disinfomation, intoxication, and propaganda, the manipulation is a form of persuasion, a form of persuasive communication. The manipulation is a communicative action. By the way of meta-analytical method, we emphasize some ideas. The royal way of promoting the decisive interests is manipulation-, often accompanied by constraints and violence. The world is divided into amateur manipulators and professional manipulators. Professionals are those whose job is exactly to get something from the others. The action of manipulation is not an activity performed on inspiration, randomly and by ear. Manipulation is a structured, organised and planned persuasive intervention. As actants of manipulative communication are retained journalists, priests, businessmen, sellers, scholars, teachers, artists, writers, notabilities.

Kulikov, M. A. "Goals Manipulation Technologies in Legal Regulation: Topical Issues of Theory and Practice." Lex Russica 75, no. 9 (September 23, 2022): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2022.190.9.094-107.

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Manipulative technologies have become widespread in various fields and are used in the process of legal regulation of public relations. The fact that representatives the theory of law and branch legal sciences ignore this form of legal influence on social processes can lead not only to a biased understanding of certain stages of the mechanism of legal regulation, but also to an obvious leveling of the social conditionality of the legal technique used in law-making, law-realization and law interpretation processes. The paper gives the main focus to the concept and signs of manipulation as a generic concept that manifests itself in a specific way in the process of legal influence on public relations. The author proposes his definition of manipulation and technologies of manipulation of legal goals in legal regulation. The concept of technologies for manipulating legal goals is being formed. It includes six groups of key techniques and methods by which the subject of manipulative influence: a) formulates and objectifies legal goals; b) uses already existing legal goals, coordinating the behavior of participants in legal relations in their own interests; c) stimulates the management object to achieve the set goal through the use of appropriate legal means; d) restricts the activity of the management object that runs counter to the plans of the subject of manipulation. The paper argues the according to which manipulation of legal goals is legitimate behavior, a common way of exercising public power, socially conditioned practice of legal regulation and the legal reality, which is a natural stage in the development of public relations. It is proved that all technologies of manipulation of legal goals are based on legitimate aspirations of participants in legal relations, nevertheless leading to the realization of the interests of the subject of manipulative influence at the expense and to the detriment of the interests of the object of manipulation. Despite the legality of technologies for manipulating legal goals, they can significantly reduce the effectiveness of the mechanism of legal regulation by creating an imbalance in the coexistence of the interests of the individual, society and the state.

Riabinina, Maryna. "SOCIAL RESEARCH ON MANIPULATIVE MANIFESTATIONS IN INTER-SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SCHOOLCHILDREN." Social work and education 9, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2520-6230.22.1.8.

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The author devotes attention to the problem of communicative manipulation in the educational process and tries to investigate the attitude to the problem of manipulation of information of schoolchildren. In addition, the author analyzes the feasibility of using manipulation in the educational sphere, examines different scientific points of view, and considers the attitude of school students to the implementation of manipulative influence. The aim of the research was to find out the social and psychological reasons for education teachers' attitude to manipulation; to analyze the mechanisms of protection against manipulation; to systematize the methods of prevention and prevention of manipulation in education. The growing interest to the problem of manipulative influence in social activity is due to the desire of scientists to analyze the issues related to the admissibility of manipulative influence on participants in the educational process, as well as to find ways to prevent and protect against manipulation. School practice shows that older pupils often use manipulative strategies in interpersonal communication. Destructive ways of manipulation are aimed at exerting external influence, rigidly structuring pupils' behaviors and disrupting the inner freedom of the pre-adolescent child. From a socio-pedagogical point of view, the consolidation of manipulation as the main communicative influence as a way to build inter-relationships among children of adolescence is not a favorable option for the development of inter-relationships. In the first case, children may develop a lack of trust and confidence, a lack of social mobility, and a lack of adequate self-presentation in the educational environment. In the other case, rationalism, cynicism, covetousness, non-naturalness in relations may be initiated. In the author's opinion, under conditions of dynamical changes in today's educational environment negatively spun manifestations of manipulative communication are inadequate and maladaptive in the students' team. The students' understanding of the essence of the strategy of manipulation and the formation of a protective mechanism against such a way of interaction is an urgent problem of the holistic social and pedagogical process of the secondary (vocational) school.

Kuzmin, O., N. Stanasiuk, and D. Berdnik. "Forecasting economic result of manipulation using game theory modeling." Economics, Entrepreneurship, Management 8, no. 1 (July 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/eem2021.01.001.

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Manipulations are taking place widely on various capital, commodity, derivative and other markets. They are reported regularly and sometimes causing significant losses. But it doesn’t mean that the efforts intended to limit this sort of activity are insignificant. Surveillance budgets, as well as applied fines, are impressing. The annual volume of manipulative attempts and the efforts, intended to deter these attempts, are growing exponentially year after year. The imperfection and low versatility of detection methods are leaving space for successful attempts, making manipulative behavior still attractive. This paper is representing the model, based on the Game Theory and aimed to fit modern requirements of surveillance. The article defines basic problems in manipulation detection and proves model’s capability to solve them. However, the problem is reviewed on a general level allowing to elaborate the versatile model, but not a specific manipulative scenario. At the same time, the model allows complementing it with precise tools defining aspects related to actual manipulation. Manipulation and the shaping of it's economic results are reviewed in-depth, revealing it's core phenomenology.

Dwijayani, Ni Made Made, Ida Ayu Gde Suwiprabayanti Putra, and I. Gusti Agung Ngurah Trisna Jayantika. "PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN PEMBUATAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DI SD NO. 1 KAPAL." SELAPARANG Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan 3, no. 1 (November 19, 2019): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v3i1.1016.

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ABSTRAKPengabdian yang dilaksanakan di SD No. 1 Kapal ini melibatkan empat orang guru yang terdiri dari dua orang guru kelas V dan dua orang guru kelas III. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan kepada guru untuk membuat alat peraga sederhana dan media pembelajaan manipulatif untuk dapat digunakan oleh siswa dalam mengkonstruksi kembali sebuah konsep, khususnya matematika. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini terdiri dari empat kegiatan utama yaitu sosialisasi, pelatihan, pendampingan dan evaluasi. Implementasi di lapangan adalah dengan memberikan sosialisasi terkait konsep media pembelajaran manipulatif, memberikan pelatihan dalam membuat media pembelajaran manipulatif dan melaksanakan pendampingan kepada guru untuk menyusun media pembelajaran manipulatif berbasis perangkat lunak Adobe Flash, dan melaksanakan evaluasi dari setiap tahap pelaksanaan yang melibatkan penulis dan guru. Sedangkan alat peraga matematika disusun oleh pembantu lapangan (mahasiswa) dengan menggunakan konsep yang sudah disetujui oleh guru kelas III. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah media pembelajaran manipulatif berbasis Adobe Flash dengan topik jaring-jaring kubus, alat peraga matematika dengan topik kelipatan persekutuan terkecil (KPK) dan jenis-jenis segitiga, buku pedoman menyusun media pembelajaran berbasis Adobe Flash, dan buku petunjuk penggunaan alat peraga. Kata kunci: Adobe Flash; matematika; media; pembelajaran. ABSTRACTActivities carried out in SD No. 1 Kapal involved four teachers consisting of two teachers of grade 5th and two from grade 3rd. This activity aimed to provide training to teachers to make simple teaching aids and manipulative learning media used by students in reconstructing a concept, especially mathematics. The activities consist of four main activities, namely socialization, training, assistance and evaluation. Implementation in the field was to provide socialization related to the concept of manipulative learning media, provide training in making manipulative learning media and provide assistance to teachers to develop manipulative learning media based on Adobe Flash software, and carry out evaluations of each stage of implementation involving writers and teachers. While mathematics teaching aids were prepared by field assistants (students) using concepts that have been approved by 3rd grade teachers. The results of this activity are Adobe Flash-based manipulative learning media with the topic of cube nets, mathematical teaching aids with the topic of the least common factors (KPK) and types of triangles, manuals to compile Adobe Flash-based learning media, and user guides for teaching aids. Keywords: Adobe Flash; mathematics; media; learning

Tkácová, Hedviga, Martina Pavlíková, Eva Stranovská, and Roman Králik. "Individual (Non) Resilience of University Students to Digital Media Manipulation after COVID-19 (Case Study of Slovak Initiatives)." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 2 (January 16, 2023): 1605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021605.

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The starting point of this theoretical article is the presentation of the issue of media manipulation in the contemporary digital media environment. The theoretical part is followed by a description and analysis of selected factors that create a belief of the individual’s resilience to digital media manipulative elements. Among the seven researched factors of an individual’s (non) resilience to digital media manipulation, we include: media illiteracy/literacy, thought activity/laziness, searching/not searching for “consensus” in the media, not emphasizing/emphasizing emotions, non-reliance/reliance on own intuition, non-credibility/credibility in the opinion of celebrities and automatic distrust/trust of recipients in the information presented in the media and others. We do not see the presence of manipulative elements in digital media as the main danger (manipulation is always in a sense part of the media message), nor the fact that manipulative elements have an effect on individuals (media—manipulative and non-manipulative—effects cannot be doubted). In our opinion, the very significant risk is the fact that the media message is followed by a false belief of the recipient’s own “immunity” against (covert and overt) media manipulation. The result of this false notion is the individual’s belief that manipulation in digital media content does not “affect” him (“I can easily recognize media manipulation”) and does not “touch” him (“It can’t happen to me”). Such a person then resembles a “house on the sand”, as his opinions, arguments or beliefs quickly collapse under the onslaught of five skills: challenges in the context of media literacy, critical thinking, strategies for verifying the credibility of information sources, the rational assessment of issues and reflection of reality. This original research article is a qualitative analysis of the legacy of ten Slovak educational initiatives focused on the issue of education in the context of media manipulation. The analysis focuses on the role of individual risk factors associated with resilience. The conclusion of the analysis is the elaboration of a positive proposal for the researched issue.

Mialkovska, Liudmyla, Anzhelika Yanovets, Vita Sternichuk, Tamara Nykoliuk, Kateryna Honchar, and Oksana Khnykina. "MANIPULATIVE TACTICS IN MODERN ENGLISH-LANGUAGE MEDIA DISCOURSE." Conhecimento & Diversidade 15, no. 38 (August 14, 2023): 345–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18316/rcd.v15i38.11077.

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The relevance of the chosen research topic is dictated by the need to describe manipulative tactics in modern English-language media discourse, taking into account both the cognitive mechanisms involved in it, which represent the basis of mental activity, and the communicative aspects of influencing a wide audience. It is shown that manipulation implies the choice and use of linguistic means that allow having a hidden effect on the addressee. Manipulative influence is considered as a leading discursive practice, which is a complex of strategic and tactical components aimed at shaping public opinion within the media space.

Isti Hidayah, A Agoestanto, A.N Cahyono, and Z Abidin. "Difusi Inovasi Melalui Pendampingan Mgmp Matematika Smp Dalam Pembuatan Video Virtualisasi Manipulatif Konkret Untuk Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh." Jurnal Pengabdian UntukMu NegeRI 5, no. 2 (November 30, 2021): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37859/jpumri.v5i2.3137.

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During the Covid-19 pandemic, teacher problems increased to maintain the effective implementation of mathematics learning. The available classical and individual concrete manipulative product innovations cannot be used in learning because learning policies during the pandemic still have to be carried out as distance learning. To overcome this problem, assistance was carried out in making videos of using concrete manipulatives to MGMP as concrete manipulative virtualization. The results of this activity show that there is an increase in the average score of the overall pre-self test competence to the post-self test. The same is true for each competency. In addition to producing video products on target, video quality is better, as well as increasing personal partners who act as actors and narrators. As a suggestion in this activity, mentoring continues to be carried out on an ongoing basis as a stage of diffusion of other innovation products and guidance for MGMP and partners of this activity can transmit to other MGMP member teachers.

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Дисертації з теми "Manipulative activity":

Dowd, Kevin William. "The social and political activity of the Cadbury family : a study in manipulative capitalism." Thesis, Swansea University, 2001. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42781.

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This study had its origins in my Master of Education dissertation analysing the role of the Cadbury family and their business, Cadbury Bros Ltd., in initiating and supporting post elementary educational schemes in the Bournville area of south Birmingham during the inter-war years, schemes which were implemented either as vocational training for their business work force, or which provided a more general schooling at the local authority's Bournville Day Continuation School, many of whose students were also Cadbury employees. However, whilst undertaking this research it became evident that, although both the Cadbury family and business had exercised considerable influence in introducing and sustaining these schemes, this was nevertheless, neither the beginning nor the sum of their involvement in social policy and, indeed, social engineering: it was an involvement which embraced a much wider range of social provision and one which required a far more substantial consideration to reveal the full nature and extent of this Cadbury participation and influence. Accordingly, this research project set out to explore the nature and extent of the social involvement of the Cadburys. It draws on late Victorian and early 20th Century material, including the Cadbury Papers held at Birmingham Central Library, together with contemporary documents at both the Selly Oak Colleges they founded and from many agencies with whom the Cadburys collaborated. The central contention of this thesis is that, throughout this period, the Cadbury family and their close associates exercised a considerable influence on Britain's social and political life. This influence, traditionally either unacknowledged or portrayed as political altruism, had the effect, locally and nationally, of steering both the working class populace and the largest of the newly emerging left wing political parties away from seeking the most radical changes to the existing economic order, in favour of more moderate reforms which left this system not only essentially intact, but even more profitable for industrialists such as the Cadburys. This programme included both establishing their own initiatives and supporting those of other who shared their social and political aims, and had a direct bearing on many areas of the urban populace's life, including education, housing, public health and recreation. This process was in turn facilitated by the desire of leading members of the Cadbury group to adopt a significantly more prominent public profile, as they accepted positions of power within local voluntary and municipal bodies, all of which promoted moderate political perspectives, encouraged belief in the apolitical nature of the state and frequently sought to amend working class behaviour and manipulate their financial insecurities in the interests of both the nation's industrial efficiency and industrialists. Specifically, this programme was instigated to counter the ostensibly increasing physical and mental deterioration of Britain's working class (factory) populace and the apparent weakening of traditional mechanisms of social control, including religion, over this populace, two particularly prevalent perceptions and concerns shared by both the Cadburys and many contemporary social commentators and reformers. Furthermore, this activism had a distinctly national dimension, the Cadbury initiatives being heralded as models for widespread emulation, whilst their financial patronage enabled the policies which formed the essence of their social philosophy to be more effectively pursued, this patronage being of considerable significance in the Liberal Party"s 1906 election victory. Such overt and covert activism effectively established the Cadburys in the vanguard of contemporary social reformers. Indeed, this thesis illustrates the central role and impact of the Cadburys in responding to those developments they perceived as threatening their own and the nation's industrial and financial security, through the implementation of a coherent social programme, complemented and supplemented by the support they provided to a network of interrelated sympathetic politicians and activists.

Petersson, Malin, and Caroline Bäckström. "How does a Government Lower Primary School in India work with mathematics? - A study on how the teachers’ mathematical beliefs affect the norms operating in the classroom." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-35819.

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Denna studie beskriver hur en kommunal grundskola i sydvästra Indien undervisar matematik.Vår frågeställning var: Hur fungerar en indisk statlig grundskola arbetar med matematik? Vilka är lärarnas uppfattningar om skolans sätt att undervisa? För att ha möjlighet att fördjupa oss i frågorna undersökte vi även Hur lärarnas föreställningar om matematik påverkar normerna i klassrummet utifrån ramen av Yack och Cobbs normteori. Det är en kvalitativ studie där vi utförde observationer av undervisningen och intervjuer med lärare och rektorn på skolan om deras syn på matematikundervisningen, under tre veckor. Vi samlade också information om och dokumenterade deras matematikverkstad.Utifrån våra intervjuer och observationer kunde vi dra slutsatsen att samtliga på skolan arbetade med en aktivitetsbaserad undervisning där matematik lärs med hjälp av manipulativt, laborativt material. De arbetade tillsammans i ett arbetslag med en strävan att uppfylla läroplanens mål och med en gemensam arbetsmetod. Vi fann också att lärarnas värderingar och föreställningar om hur matematik ska läras ut, påverkar de normer som verkar i klassrummet.Denna studie kan inte generaliserbar eftersom detta är en fallstudie på denna skola. Dock förespråkar den indiska läroplanen att undervisningen ska ske utifrån elevnära aktiviteter, men matematikverkstaden på denna skola var speciell och utvecklad på denna skola.
For our study, we visited a Government Lower Primary School in India to inquiry about how a school in another schooling context teaches mathematics. Our research questions were: How does an Indian Government Lower Primary School work with mathematics? What are the teachers' perceptions of the school’s teaching approach? In addition to these questions and to inquire deeper into this subject, we also investigated How do the teachers’ perceptions and method of teaching connect to Yackel and Cobb’s framework of the different kinds of norms operating in the classroom?We did a qualitative study, staying at the school for three weeks to interview teachers about their method of teaching mathematics as well as observing how they were teaching mathematics and the norms that operated in the classroom. We also gathered information about their mathematics laboratory. During our interviews and observations we came to the conclusion that the school worked with activity-based learning by using manipulative materials. All teachers as well as the principal cooperatively strived to meet the curricula objectives, with the same teaching approach. We also found that the teachers’ values and beliefs about how mathematics should be taught, affect the norms operating in the classroom.This study cannot be generalised for all schools in India or even in this area. This study is a minor study which only considered one particular school which used an interesting teaching method, activity-based learning with manipulatives.

Abakar, Seye N'Dèye Yacine Mar. "Contribution à la production d’une ingénierie didactique en biologie en Centrafrique : cas de l’enseignement de la génétique au secondaire en tenant compte des contraintes locales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023BRES0081.

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Cette thèse porte sur la conception et l’analyse de situations d’enseignement-apprentissage de la génétique en classe au collège et au lycée en République centrafricaine. Elle vise l’amélioration du système éducatif centrafricain par le développement d’activités pratiques tenant compte des contraintes locales. L’analyse de situations ordinaires d’enseignement en classe de troisième a montré l’absence de préconisations de démarches d’investigation dans les curriculums. Nous avons également mis en évidence l’inexistence d’un réel milieu didactique pour l’étude de la duplication des chromatides des chromosomes qui précède la division cellulaire, appelée mitose ou reproduction conforme. Nous avons donc proposé une situation intégrant une activité manipulatoire en génétique mobilisant un matériel didactique de fabrication locale et adapté au contexte centrafricain. Ce matériel composé de barres de bois peintes modélisant des gênes, que les élèves sont invités à manipuler et constitue ainsi un milieu pour l’apprentissage.La recherche montre que l’activité manipulatoire testée en 2021 en classe de troisième a contribué à la compréhension par les élèves des notions de gêne et de mitose. Malgré des avancées notoires dans l’acquisition de connaissances, la mise en oeuvre de la situation modifiée a également posé des difficultés analysées ici. L’analyse des situations d’enseignement-apprentissage est menée à l’aide des concepts issus de la Théorie des situations didactiques (TSD) (Brousseau, 1998) et de la Théorie de l’action conjointe en didactique (TACD) (Sensevy, 2011) qui présentent en même temps des parentés et des spécificités
This thesis focuses on the design and analysis of teaching/learning situations in genetics classes in secondary schools in Centra African Republic. It aims to improve the Central African education system by developing practical activities that take account of local constraints. Analysis of ordinary teaching situations in the third year of secondary school showed that the curricula didnot recommend any investigative approaches. We also found that there was no real teaching environment for studying the duplication of chromosome chromatids that precedes cell division, known as mitosis or conformal reproduction. We therefore proposed a situation incorporating a manipulative activity in genetics using locally manufactured teaching aids adapted to the Central African context. The epuipment consisted of painted wooden bars modelling genes, which the pupils were invited to manipulate, thus creating a learning environment.The research shows that the manipulative activity tested in 2021 in the third year contributed to the pupils’understanding of the concepts of gene and mitosis. Despite significant progress in thte acquisition of knowledge, the implementation of the modified situation also posed difficulties, which are analysed here. The theaching-learning situations were analysed using concepts from the Theory of didactic situations (TSD) (Brousseau,1998) and the Theory of joint action in didactics (TACD) (Sensevy, 2011) wich at the same time have similarities and specifities

Wilson, Catherine. "IPads in the early childhood science classroom: An exploration of iPad use in hands-on science activities." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/132659/2/Catherine%20Wilson%20Thesis.pdf.

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This qualitative case study explored the affordances and uses of the iPad in Prep classrooms when integrated into hands-on science activities about movement. Using a hybrid inductive and deductive thematic analysis approach, this study identified and described the ways that virtual and augmented reality apps on the iPad can both enhance and distract from hands-on science activities about movement in Prep. The findings suggest ways that educators may achieve greater integration of hands-on science and technology learning experiences in Prep classrooms.

Picchiottino, Mathieu. "Effets des manipulations articulaires sur les marqueurs de l'activité du système nerveux autonome The acute effects of joint manipulative techniques on markers of autonomic nervous system activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized sham-controlled trials The effect of a single spinal manipulation on cardiovascular autonomic activity and the relationship to pressure pain threshold: a randomized, cross-over, sham-controlled trial What is the effect of spinal manipulation on the pressure pain threshold in young asymptomatic subjects? A randomized placebo-controlled trial, with a cross-over design." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS103.

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L’utilisation des manipulations articulaires dans la prise en charge de certains troubles musculosquelettiques est ancienne, répandue et soutenue par la littérature scientifique. Cependant, les mécanismes d’action des différentes techniques de manipulation sont mal compris. Le potentiel effet des manipulations articulaires sur l’activité autonome est une composante fondamentale de théories relatives à leurs mécanismes d’action. Une de ces théories propose l’activation, par les manipulations articulaires, du système inhibiteur descendant de la douleur via la stimulation de la substance grise périaqueducale, une structure qui participe à la coordination de la modulation de la douleur et de l’activité autonome. Cette théorie a toutefois été peu explorée dans la littérature. Le premier objectif de cette thèse était d’évaluer les effets spécifiques des différentes techniques de manipulation articulaire sur les marqueurs de l’activité autonome en réalisant une revue systématique de la littérature. Le second objectif était d’évaluer (i) l’effet spécifique d’une manipulation vertébrale avec impulsion sur l’activité autonome cardiovasculaire et sur le seuil de douleur à la pression, ainsi que (ii) la relation entre ces deux variables. Notre évaluation de la littérature suggère que certaines techniques de mobilisation articulaire, les mobilisations avec oscillations, produisent probablement, par rapport au placébo, une augmentation statistiquement significative de l’activité sympathique cutanée. Les manipulations vertébrales avec impulsion ainsi qu’une autre technique de mobilisation vertébrale pourraient, quant à elles, ne pas avoir d’effet spécifique sur l’activité autonome. Les résultats de notre essai expérimental suggèrent que l’application d’une manipulation vertébrale avec impulsion n’a pas d’effet spécifique sur l’activité autonome cardiovasculaire ni sur le seuil de douleur à la pression. De plus, nous n’avons pas mis en évidence de relation entre la modulation de la douleur et la modulation de l’activité autonome après l’intervention. Ainsi, ces données expérimentales ne sont pas en faveur de l’activation du système inhibiteur descendant de la douleur par ce type de manipulation. Pour conclure, nous suggérons de nouveaux travaux expérimentaux et cliniques dans ce domaine de recherche. Plusieurs recommandations sont formulées dans ce sens
The use of joint manipulative techniques in the management of some musculoskeletal disorders is ancient, common and supported by scientific literature. However, the mechanisms of action of these techniques are poorly understood. The potential effect of joint manipulative techniques on autonomic activity is a fundamental component of theories relating to their mechanisms of action. One of these theories proposes that joint manipulative techniques may activate the descending pain inhibitory system projecting from the periaqueductal gray matter, a structure that participates in the coordination of pain modulation and autonomic activity. However, this theory has been little explored in the literature. The first objective of this thesis was to evaluate the specific effects of joint manipulative techniques on markers of autonomic activity by conducting a systematic review of the literature. The second objective was to evaluate (i) the specific effect of a single spinal manipulation (thrust technique) on both cardiovascular autonomic activity and pressure pain threshold, and (ii) the relationship between these two variables. Our evaluation of the literature suggests that oscillatory mobilizations, compared to a sham, probably produce a statistically significant increase in skin sympathetic nerve activity. Spinal manipulation and another type of spinal mobilization technique may have no specific effect on autonomic activity. The results of our experimental trial suggest that the application of a single spinal manipulation has no specific effect on cardiovascular autonomic activity and also not on pressure pain threshold. In addition, we found no relationship between pain modulation and cardiovascular autonomic activity after the intervention. Thus, these experimental results do not support the activation of the descending pain inhibitory system by this type of manipulation. To conclude, we suggest further experimental and clinical research in this area. Several recommendations are made in this regard

Joubert, Debra. "Manipulation of neutral invertase activity in sugarcane." Thesis, Link to online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/557.

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Winkler, Jonathan Alexander. "Improving antibiotic activity by manipulating bacterial reactive oxygen species metabolism." Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12675.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
The discovery of antibiotics was one of the most important medical breakthroughs of the twentieth century, having a broad impact on overall life expectancy and public health. Unfortunately, antibiotic discovery has slowed significantly in recent times and has failed to match the rising incidence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Gram-negative pathogens are a particularly troublesome threat, primarily because these bacteria possess an outer membrane that prevents many antibiotics from accessing their primary cellular targets. While the discovery of novel antibiotics could help to address these issues, alternative strategies, such as improving the activity of preexisting antibiotics, are also needed. Bactericidal antibiotics have recently been shown to share a common mechanism of cell death, despite having different primary, cellular targets. This shared mechanism involves the metabolic production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can damage proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, and can ultimately result in bacterial cell death. The body of work described here shows that this common mechanism can be exploited to improve antibiotic activity, regardless of the antibiotic's primary mode of action. First, I will describe how bacterial metabolism can be predictably perturbed to increase endogenous ROS production, and that increasing endogenous ROS is sufficient to enhance bacterial sensitivity to treatments with ROS-generating biocides, antibiotics, and immune cell attack. I will then describe work indicating that an ancient antimicrobial agent, silver salts, can also increase endogenous ROS production and potentiate the activity of multiple antibiotic classes. Furthermore, I show that silver salts can increase the outer membrane permeability of a Gram-negative organism. This property is exploited to enable vancomycin, an antibiotic that is specific for Gram-positive bacteria, to work against a Gram-negative organism. Together, this body of work demonstrates that bacterial ROS metabolism can be exploited effectively to enhance. antibiotic activity, which ultimately could result in the discovery and development of novel antimicrobial agents.

Simmonds, Marian. "The effect of neck manipulation on excitability of the motor cortex thesis submission to Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the degree of Master of Health Science, 2004." Full thesis. Abstract, 2004.

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Groenewald, Jan-Hendrik. "Manipulation of pyrophosphate fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase activity in sugarcane." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1089.

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Thesis (PhD (Genetics. Plant Biotechnology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.
The main aim of the work presented in this thesis was to elucidate the apparent role of pyrophosphate fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP) in sucrose accumulation in sugarcane. PFP activity in sugarcane internodal tissue is inversely correlated to the sucrose content and positively to the water-insoluble component across varieties which differ in their capacities to accumulate sucrose. This apparent well defined and important role of PFP seems to stand in contrast to the ambiguity regarding PFP’s role in the general literature as well as the results of various transgenic studies where neither the downregulation nor the over-expression of PFP activity had a major influence on the phenotype of transgenic potato and tobacco plants. Based on this it was therefore thought that either the kinetic properties of sugarcane PFP is significantly different than that of other plant PFPs or that PFP’s role in sucrose accumulating tissues is different from that in starch accumulating tissues. In the first part of the study sugarcane PFP was therefore purified and its molecular and kinetic properties were determined. It consisted of two subunits which aggregated in dimeric, tetrameric and octameric forms depending on the presence of Fru 2,6-P2. Both the glycolytic and gluconeogenic reactions had broad pH optima and the kinetic parameters for all the substrates were comparable to that of other plant PFPs. The conclusion was therefore that sugarcane PFP’s molecular and kinetic characteristics do not differ significantly from that of other plant PFPs. The only direct way to confirm if PFP is involved in sucrose accumulation in sugarcane is to alter its levels in the same genetic background through genetic engineering. This was therefore the second focus of this study. PFP activity was successfully down-regulated in sugarcane. The transgenic plants showed no visible phenotype under greenhouse and field conditions and sucrose concentrations in their immature internodes were significantly increased. PFP activity was inversely correlated with sucrose content in the immature internodes of the transgenic lines. Both the immature and mature internodes of the transgenic plants had significantly higher fibre contents. This study suggests that PFP plays a significant role in glycolytic carbon flux in immature, metabolically active sugarcane internodal tissues. The data presented here confirm that PFP can indeed have an influence on the rate of glycolysis and carbon partitioning in these tissues. It also implies that there are no differences between the functions of PFP in starch and sucrose storing tissues and it supports the hypothesis that PFP provides additional glycolytic capacity to PFK at times of high metabolic flux in biosynthetically active tissue. This work will serve as a basis to refine future genetic manipulation strategies and could make a valuable contribution to the productivity of South African sugarcane varieties.

Hobson, Piers D. "The regulation and genetic manipulation of Rubisco activity in wheat during stress." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422970.

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Klemp, Nathaniel J. The morality of spin: Virtue and vice in political rhetoric and the Christian right. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2012.

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Bloomer, Anne. Activity math.: Using manipulatives in the classroom. Menlo Park, CA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 1993.

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Chaitow, Leon. Soft-tissue manipulation: A practitioner's guide to the diagnosis and treatment of soft tissue dysfunction and reflex activity. Rochester, Vt: Healing Arts Press, 1988.

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Komar, Melanie. Teaching math with everyday manipulatives: Grades 4-6. Napanee, Ont: S&S Learning Materials, 2007.

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Giesecke, Ernestine. 3-D pentominoes activity book: Grades 4-6. Vernon Hills, Ill: Learning Resources, 1996.

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Beder, Sharon. Free market missionaries: The corporate manipulation of community values. London: Earthscan, 2006.

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Voolich, Erica Dakin. Investigating with power solids. Vernon Hills, Ill: Learning Resources, Inc., 2001.

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Cohen, Youssef. The manipulation of consent: The state and working-class consciousness in Brazil. Pittsburgh, Pa: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1989.

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Swan, Paul. Developing mathematics with pattern blocks. Rowley, MA: Didax Educational Resources, 2006.

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Charles, Linda Holden. Understanding operations: Multiplication & division. Sunnyvale, Calif: Creative Publications, 1988.

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Частини книг з теми "Manipulative activity":

Reddy, P., E. Liberman, C. Gazdar, and A. Peterkofsky. "Factors Regulating the Activity of Escherichia Coli Adenylate Cyclase." In Gene Manipulation and Expression, 318–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6565-5_23.

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Favre-Bulle, Itia Amandine. "Optical Systems to Decode Brain Activity." In Imaging, Manipulation and Optogenetics in Zebrafish, 33–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96250-4_4.

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Beßler, Daniel, Robert Porzel, Mihai Pomarlan, and Michael Beetz. "Foundational Models for Manipulation Activity Parsing." In Extended Reality and Metaverse, 115–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25390-4_10.

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Kitagawa, Seiichi. "Experimental Manipulation of Calpain Activity In Vitro." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 209–18. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8988-1_16.

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Hampel, Stefanie, and Andrew M. Seeds. "Targeted Manipulation of Neuronal Activity in Behaving Adult Flies." In Decoding Neural Circuit Structure and Function, 191–222. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57363-2_7.

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Martinez-Sanchez, Aida, Marie-Sophie Nguyen-Tu, Isabelle Leclerc, and Guy A. Rutter. "Manipulation and Measurement of AMPK Activity in Pancreatic Islets." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 413–31. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7598-3_26.

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Carrillo-Reid, Luis, Weijian Yang, and Rafael Yuste. "Optical and Analytical Methods to Visualize and Manipulate Cortical Ensembles and Behavior." In Neuromethods, 331–61. New York, NY: Springer US, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2764-8_11.

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AbstractThe development of all-optical techniques and analytical tools to visualize and manipulate the activity of identified neuronal ensembles enables the characterization of causal relations between neuronal activity and behavioral states. In this chapter, we review the implementation of simultaneous two-photon imaging and holographic optogenetics in conjunction with population analytical tools to identify and reactivate neuronal ensembles to control a visual-guided behavior.

Sims, Ruth R., Imane Bendifallah, Kris Blanchard, Dimitrii Tanese, Valentina Emiliani, and Eirini Papagiakoumou. "Optical Manipulation and Recording of Neural Activity with Wavefront Engineering." In Neuromethods, 1–48. New York, NY: Springer US, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2764-8_1.

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AbstractOne of the central goals of neuroscience is to decipher the specific contributions of neural mechanisms to different aspects of sensory perception. Since achieving this goal requires tools capable of precisely perturbing and monitoring neural activity across a multitude of spatiotemporal scales, this aim has inspired the innovation of many optical technologies capable of manipulating and recording neural activity in a minimally invasive manner. The interdisciplinary nature of neurophotonics requires a broad knowledge base in order to successfully develop and apply these technologies, and one of the principal aims of this chapter is to provide some basic but fundamental background information in terms of both physiology and optics in the context of all-optical two-photon neurophysiology experiments. Most of this information is expected to be familiar to readers experienced in either domain, but is presented here with the aim of bridging the divide between disciplines in order to enable physicists and engineers to develop useful optical technologies or for neuroscientists to select appropriate tools and apply them to their maximum potential.The first section of this chapter is dedicated to a brief overview of some basic principles of neural physiology relevant for controlling and recording neuronal activity using light. Then, the selection of appropriate actuators and sensors for manipulating and monitoring particular neural signals is discussed, with particular attention paid to kinetics and sensitivity. Some considerations for minimizing crosstalk in optical neurophysiology experiments are also introduced. Next, an overview of the state-of-the-art optical technologies is provided, including a description of suitable laser sources for two-photon excitation according to particular experimental requirements. Finally, some detailed, technical, information regarding the specific wavefront engineering approaches known as Generalized Phase Contrast (GPC) and temporal focusing is provided.

Hsiao, Po-Yen, Ming-Chin Wu, Yen-Yin Lin, Chein-Chung Fu, and Ann-Shyn Chiang. "Optogenetic Manipulation of Selective Neural Activity in Free-Moving Drosophila Adults." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 377–87. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3512-3_26.

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Panzella, Lucia, and Alessandra Napolitano. "Powering the Activity of Natural Phenol Compounds by Bioinspired Chemical Manipulation." In ACS Symposium Series, 407–26. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2018-1286.ch022.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Manipulative activity":

Unknown, Unknown, Sarapuu Tago, and Castera Jeremy. "DEVELOPING STUDENTS' VISUAL LITERACY IN A VIRTUAL MODELING ENVIRONMENT." In eLSE 2012. Editura Universitara, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-12-085.

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This study addresses how secondary school students’ visual literacy can be improved by virtual modeling activity in a web-based learning environment. Visual literacy can be defined as the ability to interpret visual messages accurately and to create such visualisations (Avgerinou 2011; Heinich et al. 1982; Pettersson 1993). The ways of how students perceive and understand visual images is one of the crucial issues for the field of visual literacy (Avgerinou & Ericson, 1997). Therefore, the present study concentrates on students’ skills of analysing visual information and the ability of translating information between different visual representations. According to the theoretical framework for designing multimedia proposed by Reed (2009), manipulation of objects, rather than just perception of objects, has the crucial role in learning process. This proposition is also supported by empirical studies about the effect of interactivity in computer-based learning (Evans & Gibbons, 2007). Therefore, the design of the learning environment “Cell World” (http://bio.edu.ee/models/en/) implemented in this study emphasizes the role of object manipulation in instruction. The virtual modeling environment “Cell World” enables learners to explore complex microscopic processes that take place in cells, such as molecular genetics, respiration, photosynthesis, etc. Students’ main activity in the environment is to virtually construct biological processes by adding necessary molecules or changing parameters so that the process can continue. Each model consists of two types of learning objects: the objects that are manipulative by students, and the non-manipulative objects that students cannot move, but only observe how these objects take part in animation of the process. The second goal of the study is to clarify the effect of object manipulation on the learning process. The following research questions were set to the study: 1) How does the virtual modeling activity influence students’ visual literacy?; 2) What is the effect of learning object manipulation on students’ visual literacy? METHODS In order to fulfil the aims of the study, an experiment was conducted in which 190 students (aged 17-18) from 11th grades of nine Estonian secondary schools participated. The students applied the learning environment “Cell World” for 2x45 minutes. In the first lesson, students used the model of protein synthesis, and in the second one, the model of genetic code was applied. For assessing students’ visual literacy skills, pre- and post-test were filled out before and after the intervention. The test consisted of picture-based questions that measured students’ understanding of different representations and the ability to translate information between the different visual representations. For comparison of pre- and post test scores, the Paired samples t-test was implemented with SPSS software. MAIN FINDINGS Students’ visual literacy skills were assessed on the basis of three different representations in the pre- and post-tests. The first representation was a screenshot of the model that was applied during the study and indicated students’ understanding of the representational language of the model. According to the post-test results, students could identify better the objects that were manipulative on the models. Understanding of non-manipulative objects, on the other hand, was significantly lower. This result demonstrates that object manipulation had a positive effect on students’ understanding of visual representations as manipulative objects were more effectively integrated into students’ individual mental models. Students’ skills of translating information between different visual representations were analysed on the basis of two representations. One of the representations was familiar to students from textbook that they had previously used for learning the topic of protein synthesis in classroom settings. The other representation, on the other hand, was unfamiliar to students. Students had to compare the different representations and translate the information between them. Comparison of pre- and post-test data with Paired samples t-test indicated that after model application, students got higher scores in translating information between different representations than before the intervention. Again, in translating tasks, students had marked more often the objects that were manipulative and missed the non-manipulative objects. Therefore, this study provides additional evidence that introducing manipulative learning objects in instructional settings can significantly improve learning outcomes.

Ogris, Georg, Matthias Kreil, and Paul Lukowicz. "Using FSR based muscule activity monitoring to recognize manipulative arm gestures." In 2007 11th IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iswc.2007.4373776.

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Kaspar, Corinna, Julia Lehrich, Aleksander Ivananko, Jürgen Klingauf, and Wolfram H. P. Pernice. "Integrated photonics chip for neural activity investigation." In Optogenetics and Optical Manipulation 2020, edited by Samarendra K. Mohanty, Anna W. Roe, and E. Duco Jansen. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2546183.

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Kondo, D., Y. Mitsukura, K. Yoshida, I. Tsutsui-Kimura, N. Takata, and K. F. Tanaka. "Hippocampal activity during serotonergic neuronal activity manipulation using optogenetics." In 2017 IEEE Signal Processing in Medicine and Biology Symposium (SPMB). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spmb.2017.8257057.

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Bauer, Adam Q., Andrew Kraft, Grant A. Baxter, Michael R. Bruchas, Jin-Moo Lee, and Joseph P. Culver. "Contralesional homotopic activity negatively influences functional recovery after stroke (Conference Presentation)." In Optogenetics and Optical Manipulation, edited by Samarendra K. Mohanty, Nitish V. Thakor, and E. Duco Jansen. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2253719.

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Landry, Steven, Yuangjing Sun, Darnishia Slade, and Myounghoon Jeon. "Tempo-Fit Heart Rate App: Using Heart Rate Sonification As Exercise Performance Feedback." In The 22nd International Conference on Auditory Display. Arlington, Virginia: The International Community for Auditory Display, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21785/icad2016.018.

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Physical inactivity is a worldwide issue causing a variety of health problems. Exploring novel ways to encourage people to engage in physical activity is a topic at the forefront of research for countless stakeholders. Based upon a review of the literature, a pilot study, and exit interviews, we propose an app prototype that utilizes music tempo manipulation to guide users into a target heart rate zone during an exercise session. A study was conducted with 26 participants in a fifteenminute cycling session using different sonification mappings and combinations of audiovisual feedback based on the user’s current heart rate. Results suggest manipulating the playback speed of music in real time based on heart rate zone departures can be an effective motivational tool for increasing or decreasing activity levels of the listener. Participants vastly preferred prescriptive sonifications mappings over descriptive mappings, due to people’s natural inclination to follow the tempo of music.

Pastena, Nicoletta, Nicla Palladino, and Cristiana D'Anna. "MANIPULATION OF OBJECTS AS INTEGRATION ACTIVITY." In International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2016.1736.

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Rogers, John A. "Wireless optoelectronics for neuromodulation and detection of neural activity (Conference Presentation)." In Optogenetics and Optical Manipulation 2019, edited by Samarendra K. Mohanty and E. Duco Jansen. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2519519.

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Satpathy, Sarmishtha, Subrata Batabyal, Digant P. Dave, and Samarendra K. Mohanty. "Label free detection of optogenetically stimulated cellular activity by low coherence interferometry (Conference Presentation)." In Optogenetics and Optical Manipulation, edited by Samarendra K. Mohanty and Nitish V. Thakor. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2216404.

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Husainova, Olga Evgenyevna. "The role of manipulation in manager's activity." In IX International students' applied research conference. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-80816.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Manipulative activity":

Kostenko, E. V., L. V. Petrova, I. V. Pogonchenkova, and A. S. Polischuk. Technical task «Cognitive-motor training of fine hand function and subject-manipulative activity with double and triple tasks in a virtual environment». OFERNIO, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/ofernio.2022.25034.

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Granot, David, Scott Holaday, and Randy D. Allen. Enhancing Cotton Fiber Elongation and Cellulose Synthesis by Manipulating Fructokinase Activity. United States Department of Agriculture, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7613878.bard.

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a. Objectives (a) Identification and characterization of the cotton fiber FRKs; (b) Generating transgenic cotton plants overproducing either substrate inhibited tomato FRK or tomato FRK without substrate inhibition; (c) Generating transgenic cotton plants with RNAi suppression of fiber expressed FRKs; (d) Generating Arabidopsis plants that over express FRK1, FRK2, or both genes, as additional means to assess the contribution of FRK to cellulose synthesis and biomass production. b. Background to the topic: Cellulose synthesis and fiber elongation are dependent on sugar metabolism. Previous results suggested that FRKs (fructokinase enzymes that specifically phosphorylate fructose) are major players in sugar metabolism and cellulose synthesis. We therefore hypothesized that increasing fructose phosphorylation may enhance fiber elongation and cellulose synthesis in cotton plants. Accordinlgy, the objectives of this research were: c. Major conclusions and achievements: Two cotton FRKs expressed in fibers, GhFRK2 and GhFRK3, were cloned and characterized. We found that GhFRK2 enzyme is located in the cytosol and GhFRK3 is located within plastids. Both enzymes enable growth on fructose (but not on glucose) of hexose kinase deficient yeast strain, confirming the fructokinase activity of the cloned genes. RNAi constructs with each gene were prepared and sent to the US collaborator to generate cotton plants with RNAi suppression of these genes. To examine the effect of FRKs using Arabidopsis plants we generated transgenic plants expressing either LeFRK1 or LeFRK2 at high level. No visible phenotype has been observed. Yet, plants expressing both genes simultaneously are being created and will be tested. To test our hypothesis that increasing fructose phosphorylation may enhance fiber cellulose synthesis, we generated twenty independent transgenic cotton plant lines overexpressing Lycopersicon (Le) FRK1. Transgene expression was high in leaves and moderate in developing fiber, but enhanced FRK activity in fibers was inconsistent between experiments. Some lines exhibited a 9-11% enhancement of fiber length or strength, but only one line tested had consistent improvement in fiber strength that correlated with elevated FRK activity in the fibers. However, in one experiment, seed cotton mass was improved in all transgenic lines and correlated with enhanced FRK activity in fibers. When greenhouse plants were subjected to severe drought during flowering and boll development, no genotypic differences in fiber quality were noted. Seed cotton mass was improved for two transgenic lines but did not correlate with fiber FRK activity. We conclude that LeFRK1 over-expression in fibers has only a small effect on fiber quality, and any positive effects depend on optimum conditions. The improvement in productivity for greenhouse plants may have been due to better structural development of the water-conducting tissue (xylem) of the stem, since stem diameters were larger for some lines and the activity of FRK in the outer xylem greater than observed for wild-type plants. We are testing this idea and developing other transgenic cotton plants to understand the roles of FRK in fiber and xylem development. We see the potential to develop a cotton plant with improved stem strength and productivity under drought for windy, semi-arid regions where cotton is grown. d. Implications, scientific and agricultural: FRKs are probably bottle neck enzymes for biomass and wood synthesis and their increased expression has the potential to enhance wood and biomass production, not only in cotton plants but also in other feed and energy renewable plants.

Yull, Fiona E. Manipulation of NF-KappaB Activity in the Macrophage Lineage as a Novel Therapeutic Approach. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada439787.

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Yull, Fiona. Manipulation of Nf-KappaB Activity in the Macrophage Lineage as a Novel Therapeutic Approach. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada487648.

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Yull, Fiona E. Manipulation of NF-KappaBetta Activity in the Macrophage Lineage as a Novel Therapeutic Approach. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada471493.

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Droby, Samir, Michael Wisniewski, Martin Goldway, Wojciech Janisiewicz, and Charles Wilson. Enhancement of Postharvest Biocontrol Activity of the Yeast Candida oleophila by Overexpression of Lytic Enzymes. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586481.bard.

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Enhancing the activity of biocontrol agents could be the most important factor in their success in controlling fruit disease and their ultimate acceptance in commercial disease management. Direct manipulation of a biocontrol agent resulting in enhancement of diseases control could be achieved by using recent advances in molecular biology techniques. The objectives of this project were to isolate genes from yeast species that were used as postharvest biocontrol agents against postharvest diseases and to determine their role in biocontrol efficacy. The emphasis was to be placed on the yeast, Candida oleophila, which was jointly discovered and developed in our laboratories, and commercialized as the product, Aspire. The general plan was to develop a transformation system for C . oleophila and either knockout or overexpress particular genes of interest. Additionally, biochemical characterization of the lytic peptides was conducted in the wild-type and transgenic isolates. In addition to developing a better understanding of the mode of action of the yeast biocontrol agents, it was also our intent to demonstrate the feasibility of enhancing biocontrol activity via genetic enhancement of yeast with genes known to code for proteins with antimicrobial activity. Major achievements are: 1) Characterization of extracellular lytic enzymes produced by the yeast biocontrol agent Candida oleophila; 2) Development of a transformation system for Candida oleophila; 3) Cloning and analysis of C.oleophila glucanase gene; 4) Overexpression of and knockout of C. oleophila glucanase gene and evaluating its role in the biocontrol activity of C. oleophila; 5) Characterization of defensin gene and its expression in the yeast Pichiapastoris; 6) Cloning and Analysis of Chitinase and Adhesin Genes; 7) Characterization of the rnase secreted by C . oleophila and its inhibitory activity against P. digitatum. This project has resulted in information that enhanced our understanding of the mode of action of the yeast C . oleophila. This was important step towards enhancing the biocontrol activity of the yeast. Fungal cell wall enzymes produced by the yeast antagonist were characterized. Different substrates were identified to enhance there production in vitro. Exo-b-1, 3 glucanase, chitinase and protease production was stimulated by the presence of cell-wall fragments of Penicillium digitatum in the growing medium, in addition to glucose. A transformation system developed was used to study the role of lytic enzymes in the biocontrol activity of the yeast antagonist and was essential for genetic manipulation of C . oleqphila. After cloning and characterization of the exo-glucanase gene from the yeast, the transformation system was efficiently used to study the role of the enzyme in the biocontrol activity by over-expressing or knocking out the activity of the enzyme. At the last phase of the research (still ongoing) the transformation system is being used to study the role of chitinase gene in the mode of action. Knockout and over expression experiments are underway.

Meeks, John C. Systems Level Approaches to Understanding and Manipulating Heterocyst Differentiation in Nostoc Punctiforme: Sites of Hydrogenase and Nitrogenase Synthesis and Activity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1177288.

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Gray, Andrew. Enhancing the Efficacy of Prostate Cancer Immunotherapy by Manipulating T-Cell Receptor Signaling in Order to Alter Peripheral Regulatory T-Cell Activity. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada511997.

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Eshed, Yuval, and John Bowman. Harnessing Fine Scale Tuning of Endogenous Plant Regulatory Processes for Manipulation of Organ Growth. United States Department of Agriculture, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7696519.bard.

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Background and objectives: Manipulation of plant organ growth is one of the primary reasons for the success of mankind allowing increasing amounts of food for human and livestock consumption. In contrast with the successful selection for desirable growth characteristics using plant breeding, transgenic manipulations with single genes has met limited success. While breeding is based on accumulation of many small alterations of growth, usually arise from slight changes in expression patterns, transgenic manipulations are primarily based on drastic, non-specific up-regulation or knock down of genes that can exert different effects during different stages of development. To successfully harness transgenic manipulation to attain desirable plant growth traits we require the tools to subtly regulate the temporal and spatial activity of plant growth genes. Polar morphology along the adaxial/abaxial axis characterizes lateral organs of all plants. Juxtaposition of two cell types along this axis is a prerequisite of laminar growth induction. In the study summarized here, we addressed the following questions: Can we identify and harness components of the organ polarity establishment pathway for prolonged growth? Can we identify specific regulatory sequences allowing spatial and temporal manipulation in various stages of organ development? Can we identify genes associated with YABBY-induced growth alterations? Major conclusions and implications: We showed that regulated expression, both spatially and temporally of either organ polarity factors such as the YABBY genes, or the organ maturation program such as the CIN-TCPs can stimulate substantial growth of leaves and floral organs. Promoters for such fine manipulation could be identified by comparison of non-coding sequences of KAN1, where a highly conserved domain was found within the second intron, or by examination of multiple 5” regions of genes showing transient expression along leaf ontogeny. These promoters illustrate the context dependent action of any gene we examined thus far, and facilitate fine tuning of the complex growth process. Implications, both scientific and agricultural. The present study was carried out on the model organism Arabidopsis, and the broad application of its findings were tested in the tomato crop. We learned that all central regulators of organ polarity are functionally conserved, probably in all flowering plants. Thus, with minor modifications, the rules and mechanisms outlined in this work are likely to be general.