Готові списки джерел за темами / Loci

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Loci"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 20 лютого 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Loci"

Henning, Margaret M., and Ian F. C. McKenzie. "HISTOCOMPATIBILITY LOCI ASSOCIATED WITH LYMPHOCYTE ALLOANTIGENIC LOCI." Transplantation 42, no. 3 (September 1986): 322–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007890-198609000-00023.

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Макаров, Юрій. "Genius Loci." Україна, no. 5 (2008): 96–101.

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Russell, William R., Martin Chemnitz, and J. A. O. Preus. "Loci Theologici." Sixteenth Century Journal 21, no. 4 (1990): 697. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2542209.

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Marcus, Marvin. "Determinantal Loci." College Mathematics Journal 23, no. 1 (January 1992): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2686198.

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Smil, Vaclav. "Genius loci." Nature 409, no. 6816 (January 2001): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35051162.

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Spray, Martin. "Amor loci." Landscape Research 13, no. 3 (December 1988): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01426398808706267.

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Algernon, S. R. "Genius loci." Nature 531, no. 7594 (March 2016): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/531408a.

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Raskin, Jonah. "Genius Loci." Boom 4, no. 4 (2014): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/boom.2014.4.4.97.

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This essay takes a literary journey to Jack London State Historic Park, the National Steinbeck Center, and the Beat Museum. An exploration of the shrines that are devoted to writers and which attract readers from around the world as well as close to home, the essay explores California’s identity as a cultural destination for tourists as well as for natives of the Golden State. By linking specific geographical places, such as Glen Ellen, Salinas, and San Francisco to books and to their authors, California’s literary shrines weave a kind of cultural magic that transcends time and place and invigorates twentieth-century classics such as Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath, Kerouac’s On the Road, and Jack London’s The Iron Heel.

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Marcus, Marvin. "Determinantal Loci." College Mathematics Journal 23, no. 1 (January 1992): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07468342.1992.11973433.

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Paul Lindholdt. "Genius Loci." Sewanee Review 118, no. 1 (2010): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sew.0.0227.

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Дисертації з теми "Loci"

Corcoran, Cecily. "GENIUS LOCI." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2655.

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I attempt to capture the simple and fleeting beauty of Washington, DC, before it folds into time. In my representational paintings and monotypes, I want to convey the elegance and serenity of the streets, cars, pedestrians, and the majestic buildings of our nation’s capital. As a native Washingtonian, I’ve always admired the view of the city from across the Potomac River, from sunrise to sunset. I want to share these views and these experiences of my daily life with the viewer.

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Kudělka, Vladimír. "Genius loci." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta výtvarných umění, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232388.

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Zhao, Yuxuan. "Genius Loci---Vertical Temple Design." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87756.

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China is a high speed developing country during the past 40 years. However, when China became better and better, there were a lot of issues being left, such as boomed populations, urban village emerging, social media issues and lack of human spirit. All of these issues occurred in the modern urban context, which made the "Loci Genius" lose. So how could architects reconstruct and conserve the "Genius Loci." I try to build the temple for people in the high dense city, which help people to find and think for themselves, to keep peaceful. I believe people and space could build the journey to the pilgrimage. The Buddha joss will not be made in the temple, but be established in every visitor's mind finally.
M. Arch.

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Nyström, Per-Erik. "Quantitative trait loci in pig production /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5712-2.pdf.

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Chan, Lai-kuen Jenny, and 陳麗娟. "Genius Loci: Tin Hau Temple, Aberdeen." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31985051.

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Aba'a, Megne Harry. "Lex loci protectionis et droit d'auteur." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2020COAZ0013.

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Le principe de territorialité domine la matière de la propriété intellectuelle et en particulier celle du droit d’auteur. Si ce principe et la règle de conflit qu’il inspire, la lex loci protectionis, constituaient de véritables avancées à la fin du XIXème s., de nos jours, ils peinent à convaincre. En effet, le principe de territorialité qui est rattachable au principe de souveraineté dans sa dimension de régulation de l’ordre juridique interne subit de multiples remises en cause. Or, en raison de l’intensification des échanges transnationaux, de l’extension des marchés, de la montée des pouvoirs privés économiques, de l’exploitation dématérialisée des œuvres et notamment, la possibilité de les diffuser sur des réseaux mondiaux comme internet, la souveraineté tend à perdre en puissance. Cela oblige à questionner la pertinence d’un rattachement territorial vis-à-vis de réalités a-territoriales. Le maintien tel quel du principe de territorialité, en termes de conflit de lois, atteint alors la sécurité juridique et les attentes légitimes des parties. Le parti pris de ces travaux est celui d’une réévaluation. Il ressort en effet que le recul dans les relations transnationales du principe de souveraineté - qui sous-tend le principe de territorialité - devrait se traduire sur le plan de la règle de conflit, par un recul de ladite territorialité. A rebours de la tendance générale qui consacre l’hégémonie de la lex loci protectionis, les présents travaux proposent d’une part, d’en circonscrire la compétence dans les domaines où le principe de territorialité ne s’impose pas comme une nécessité, et d’autre part de réorienter le rattachement de manière à limiter la concurrence des lois applicables. Il s’agit, en d’autres termes, de réserver une place à l’universalisme compris comme un rempart contre la variabilité du droit applicable et l’insécurité juridique que cette variabilité pourrait emporter
The principle of territoriality dominates the field of intellectual property and that of copyright. If this principle and the conflict rule it inspires, the lex loci protectionis, were real advances at the end of the 19th century, they are nowadays difficult to convince. Indeed, the principle of territoriality, which is linked to the principle of sovereignty in its dimension of regulation of the internal legal order, is undergoing multiple challenges. However, because of the intensification of transnational exchanges, the extension of markets, the rise of private economic powers, the dematerialised exploitation of works and in particular the possibility of disseminating them on global networks such as the Internet, sovereignty tends to lose significance. This forces us to question the relevance of a territorial connection to a-territorial realities. Maintaining the principle of territoriality as it stands, in terms of conflict of laws, then reaches legal security and the legitimate expectations of the parties. The approach taken in this work is that of a re-evaluation. It emerges in fact that the retreat in transnational relations of the principle of sovereignty - which underlies the principle of territoriality - should be translated in terms of conflict rule by a retreat of the said territoriality. Against the general trend which confirms the hegemony of the lex loci protectionis, the present work proposes, on the one hand, to circumscribe its competence in the fields where the principle of territoriality is not imposed as a necessity, and on the other hand to reorient the connection in such a way as to limit the competition of the applicable laws. In other words, to reserve a place for universalism understood as a bulwark against the variability of the applicable law and the legal insecurity that this variability could entail

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Turri, Maria Grazia. "Mapping of behavioural quantitative trait loci." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:89823fa1-c1d3-49e3-acb9-46da18b12245.

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Anxiety is a common disorder which affects about 25% of the population and whose pathophysiology is still poorly understood. Animal models of disease have been widely used to investigate the molecular basis of human disorders, including psychiatric illnesses. This thesis is about the study of the genetic basis of a mouse model of anxiety. I have carried out a QTL mapping study of behavioural measures thought to model anxiety. I report results from 1,636 mice, assessed for a large number of phenotypes in five ethological tests. Mice belonged to two F2 intercrosses originated by four lines generated in a replicate selection experiment. By comparing mapping results between the two crosses, I have demonstrated that selection operated on the same relatively small number of loci in the four selected lines. Analysis of genetic effect of QTL across phenotypes has allowed me to identify loci with specific roles on different dimensions of anxious behaviour, therefore enhancing our understanding of the anxiety phenotype in mice. For some of these QTL I have also accomplished fine mapping experiments: a locus on chromosome 15 is now contained in an interval of only 3 centimorgans. This work is the basis for further molecular dissection of the genetic loci that underlie anxiety and provides a starting point for the discovery of genes involved in a common psychiatric condition.

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Raine, Emma Victoria Angela. "Expression analysis of osteoarthritis susceptibility loci." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2753.

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease characterised by the progressive loss of the articular cartilage of synovial joints. It is multifactorial and polygenic. Candidate genebased association studies and genome-wide association scans (GWAS) have been used to identify OA risk alleles with over 10 regions of the human genome so far reported as harbouring OA susceptibility. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) demonstrate a correlation between gene expression levels and DNA polymorphism, the assumption being that the polymorphism resides within a regulatory element of the gene. The functional polymorphism can be cis-acting (within or close to the gene) or trans-acting (located a distance from the gene). It has become apparent for many common diseases that the majority of risk alleles are eQTLs rather than polymorphisms that alter amino acid sequences. The aim of this thesis was to investigate whether genes proximal to or harbouring OA-associated polymorphisms identified by GWAS are subject to cisregulation, which could therefore be contributing to the association signal. The expression levels of the genes were analysed in joint tissues from OA patients who had undergone joint replacement. Overall gene expression was measured by quantitative PCR whilst allelic expression was assessed using assays that can distinguish mRNA output from each allele of a transcript SNP. The functional effect of SNPs was tested in vitro using luciferase reporter assays. Expression analysis of genes at the OA-associated chromosome 7q22 locus identified HBP1 as the likely target of the OA susceptibility mapping to this region. Expression analysis of SMAD3 and GNL3 identified eQTLs active in OA joint tissues for both genes, whilst luciferase reporter assays identified two 3´UTR SNPs as potential mediators of the SMAD3 eQTL. Overall, this thesis demonstrates that OA tissues are subject to a range of regulatory elements that can influence disease during development or ageing.

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George, Thomas. "A distributed memory implementation of Loci." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2001. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11082001-140719.

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Chan, Lai-kuen Jenny. "Genius Loci : Tin Hau Temple, Aberdeen /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25947539.

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Книги з теми "Loci"

Geoffrey, James. Genius loci. Ottawa: Canadian Museum of Contemporary Photography = Musée canadien de la photographie contemporaine, 1986.

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Genius loci. Acireale: Bonanno, 2011.

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Loci theologici. St. Louis: Concordia Pub. House, 1989.

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Chemnitz, Martin. Loci theologici. St. Louis, MO: Concordia Pub. House, 2007.

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Chemnitz, Martin. Loci theologici. St. Louis, MO: Concordia Pub. House, 2008.

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Genius loci. New York: Penguin Books, 2005.

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Loci theologici. St. Louis, MO: Concordia Pub. House, 2008.

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Mrozek, Stanisław. Tczewski Genius loci. Gdańsk: Wydawn. "Marpress", 2004.

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Kozlík, Vladimír. Praga: Genius loci. Praha: Nakl. Olympia, 1993.

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Camp, Nicola J., and Angela Cox. Quantitative Trait Loci. New Jersey: Humana Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/1592591760.

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Частини книг з теми "Loci"

Dodson, Christopher T. J., and Elizabeth A. Gonzalez. "Loci." In Experiments In Mathematics Using Maple, 145–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79758-3_12.

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Doolittle, Donald P. "Multiple Loci." In Advanced Series in Agricultural Sciences, 169–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71734-5_37.

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Nagylaki, Thomas. "Two Loci." In Introduction to Theoretical Population Genetics, 174–99. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76214-7_8.

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Montes, Antonio. "Geometric Loci." In The Gröbner Cover, 125–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03904-2_7.

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Dragani, Tommaso A. "Modifier Loci." In Encyclopedia of Cancer, 1–3. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_3803-2.

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Ewens, Warren J. "Two Loci." In Mathematical Population Genetics, 201–40. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21822-9_6.

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Ewens, Warren J. "Many Loci." In Mathematical Population Genetics, 241–75. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21822-9_7.

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Wilkinson, Philip. "Genius loci." In 50 Schlüsselideen Architektur, 44–47. Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8274-3066-3_12.

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Hutchins, Tiffany, Giacomo Vivanti, Natasa Mateljevic, Roger J. Jou, Frederick Shic, Lauren Cornew, Timothy P. L. Roberts, et al. "Modifier Loci." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1897. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_100893.

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Dragani, Tommaso A. "Modifier Loci." In Encyclopedia of Cancer, 2889–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46875-3_3803.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Loci"

Steinfeld, Kyle. "GAN Loci." In ACADIA 2019: Ubiquity and Autonomy. ACADIA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.392.

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Perrault, Simon T., Eric Lecolinet, Yoann Pascal Bourse, Shengdong Zhao, and Yves Guiard. "Physical Loci." In CHI '15: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702126.

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Hapenciuc, Alma-Dia, and Oana Andreea Bănescu. "Architectural presence and genius loci: Reimagined." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 10TH WORKSHOP ON METALLIZATION AND INTERCONNECTION FOR CRYSTALLINE SILICON SOLAR CELLS. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0117618.

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Germen, Murat. "soul of the place - genius loci." In SIGGRAPH07: Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1280120.1280217.

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Ghodke-Puranik, Y., J. Zhongbo, W. Fan, M. Jensen, J. Dorschner, D. Vsetecka, S. Amin, et al. "10 Single cell expression quantitative trait LOCI (EQTL) analsis of established lupus-risk loci in patient monocytes." In LUPUS 2017 & ACA 2017, (12th International Congress on SLE &, 7th Asian Congress on Autoimmunity). Lupus Foundation of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2017-000215.10.

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Nisbett, J. Keith, and T. J. Lawley. "The Geometric Generation of the Joint Loci of Spatial Dyads With Axis Joints." In ASME 1992 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1992-0423.

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Abstract The geometric aspects of Burmester theory, as used in planar four-bar linkage synthesis, are examined to define a general procedure which is applied to the generation of the joint loci of spatial dyads with axis joints. The joints are geometrically related to the screw axes of the prescribed motion, by means of a screw triangle. The geometric relationships are typically separated into several geometric constraints. Each geometric constraint is considered separately to generate the loci of lines representing joint axes which satisfy the constraint. Combining the loci from each constraint produces a single loci of all the possible fixed or moving joints. The geometric approach is shown to have several benefits not obtained in numerical and pure analytical techniques, especially in relating the characteristics of the loci to the physical linkage and its required motion.

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Maeda, Y., W. Stuart, I. Fink-Baldauf, and M. Guo. "Identification of Functional Asthma Loci Using CRISPRi." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a3050.

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Vetter, Anne, Daniel Gotz, and Sebastian von Mammen. "The Art of Loci: Immerse to Memorize." In 2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231610.

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Stolpner, Svetlana, Sue Whitesides, and Kaleem Siddiqi. "Sampled medial loci and boundary differential geometry." In 2009 IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops, ICCV Workshops. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccvw.2009.5457508.

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Tent, Michiel. "GWAS identifies 7 loci for cluster headache." In European Headache Congress, edited by Rachel Giles. Baarn, the Netherlands: Medicom Medical Publishers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55788/ba660775.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Loci"

Haus, Joseph W., and Paul F. McManamon. Ladar and Optical Communications Institute (LOCI). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada591239.

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Gall, Graham A. E., Gideon Hulata, Eric M. Hallerman, Bernard May, and Umiel Nakdimon. Creating and Characterizing Genetic Variation in Tilapia through the Creation of an Artificial Center of Origin. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7574344.bard.

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Five stocks of tilapia [oreochromis niloticus (on), red O. niloticus (ROn), O. aureus (Oa), O. mossambicus (Om), and Sarotherodon galilaeus (Sg)] were used to produce two-way (F1), three-way (3WC) and four-way crosses (4WC). Three 4WC groups, containing equal representation of all four species, formed the base population for a new synthetic stock, called an "artificial center of origin" (ACO). Four genomic maps were created using microsatellite and AFLP markers, two from a 3WC family [Om female and (Oa x ROn) male] and two from a 4WC family [(Om x Oas) females and (Sg x On) male]. Sixty-two loci segregating from the female parent of the 3WC mapped to 14 linkage groups while 214 loci from the male parent mapped to 24 linkage groups. Similarly, 131 loci segregating from the female parent of the 4WC mapped to 26 linkage groups and 118 loci from the male parent mapped to 25 linkage groups. Preliminary screening of an F2 and a 4WC family identified a number of loci associated with cold tolerance and body weight. These loci were clustered in a few linkage groups, suggesting they may be indicative of quantitative trait loci.

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Hu, Zhiliang, James M. Reecy, and Max F. Rothschild. A Quantitative Trait Loci Resource and Comparison Tool for Pigs: PigQTLDB. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1068.

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Moore, Gloria A., Gozal Ben-Hayyim, Charles L. Guy, and Doron Holland. Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci in the Woody Perennial Plant Genus Citrus. United States Department of Agriculture, May 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7570565.bard.

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As is true for all crops, production of Citrus fruit is limited by traits whose characteristics are the products of many genes (i.e. cold hardiness). In order to modify these traits by marker aided selection or molecular genetic techniques, it is first necessary to map the relevant genes. Mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in perennial plants has been extremely difficult, requiring large numbers of mature plants. Production of suitable mapping populations has been inhibited by aspects of reproductive biology (e.g. incompatibility, apomixis) and delayed by juvenility. New approaches promise to overcome some of these obstacles. The overall objective of this project was to determine whether QTLs for environmental stress tolerance could be effectively mapped in the perennial crop Citrus, using an extensive linkage map consisting of various types of molecular markers. Specific objectives were to: 1) Produce a highly saturated genetic linkage map of Citrus by continuing to place molecular markers of several types on the map. 2) Exploiting recently developed technology and already characterized parental types, determine whether QTLs governing cold acclimation can be mapped using very young seedling populations. 3) Determine whether the same strategy can be transferred to a different situation by mapping QTLs influencing Na+ and C1- exclusion (likely components of salinity tolerance) in the already characterized cross and in new alternative crosses. 4) Construct a YAC library of the citrus genome for future mapping and cloning.

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Soller, Moshe (Morris), Hans Cheng, and Lyman Crittenden. Mapping the Chicken Genome, Including Loci Affecting Traits of Economic Importance. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568779.bard.

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A total of 195 microsatellites were added to the chicken genome map. Mapping of fifty known genes revealed a high degree of conserved linkage order between human and chicken genomes. A new, statistically powerful mapping design, the full-sib intercross line (produced by mating two parents, and intercrossing their progeny over a number of generations), was developed for use in species with high reproductive capacity. The Jerusalem Resource Population (JRP), now at the F12 generation, was established to implement this design i chickens. The biometrical picutre in the JRP is similar to that generally found in chicken populations; inbreeding effects were not observed. The F2 and F3 generations of the JRP were genotyped with respect to twelve production traits, using a battery of 23 microsatellites markers. The number of significant effects was twice that expected on chance alone, validating the high statistical power of the JRP with respect to QTL differentiating the parental lines. Selective DNA pooling, based on estimation of marker allele frequencies in pooled DNA samples, has been proposed to reduce high genotyping costs of QTL mapping. A method to correct for overlapping shadow bands of dinucleotide microsatellite markers in pooled DNA samples was developed and validated. In a retrospective study using this procedure, previously mapped loci affecting Marek's disease were successfully identified.

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Weller, Joel I., Harris A. Lewin, and Micha Ron. Determination of Allele Frequencies for Quantitative Trait Loci in Commercial Animal Populations. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7586473.bard.

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Individual loci affecting economic traits in dairy cattle (ETL) have been detected via linkage to genetic markers by application of the granddaughter design in the US population and the daughter design in the Israeli population. From these analyses it is not possible to determine allelic frequencies in the population at large, or whether the same alleles are segregating in different families. We proposed to answer this question by application of the "modified granddaughter design", in which granddaughters with a common maternal grandsire are both genotyped and analyzed for the economic traits. The objectives of the proposal were: 1) to fine map three segregating ETL previously detected by a daughter design analysis of the Israeli dairy cattle population; 2) to determine the effects of ETL alleles in different families relative to the population mean; 3) for each ETL, to determine the number of alleles and allele frequencies. The ETL on Bostaurusautosome (BT A) 6 chiefly affecting protein concentration was localized to a 4 cM chromosomal segment centered on the microsatellite BM143 by the daughter design. The modified granddaughter design was applied to a single family. The frequency of the allele increasing protein percent was estimated at 0.63+0.06. The hypothesis of equal allelic frequencies was rejected at p<0.05. Segregation of this ETL in the Israeli population was confirmed. The genes IBSP, SPP1, and LAP3 located adjacent to BM143 in the whole genome cattle- human comparative map were used as anchors for the human genome sequence and bovine BAC clones. Fifteen genes within 2 cM upstream of BM143 were located in the orthologous syntenic groups on HSA4q22 and HSA4p15. Only a single gene, SLIT2, was located within 2 cM downstream of BM143 in the orthologous HSA4p15 region. The order of these genes, as derived from physical mapping of BAC end sequences, was identical to the order within the orthologous syntenic groups on HSA4: FAM13A1, HERC3. CEB1, FLJ20637, PP2C-like, ABCG2, PKD2. SPP, MEP, IBSP, LAP3, EG1. KIAA1276, HCAPG, MLR1, BM143, and SLIT2. Four hundred and twenty AI bulls with genetic evaluations were genotyped for 12 SNPs identified in 10 of these genes, and for BM143. Seven SNPs displayed highly significant linkage disequilibrium effects on protein percentage (P<0.000l) with the greatest effect for SPP1. None of SNP genotypes for two sires heterozygous for the ETL, and six sires homozygous for the ETL completely corresponded to the causative mutation. The expression of SPP 1 and ABCG2 in the mammary gland corresponded to the lactation curve, as determined by microarray and QPCR assays, but not in the liver. Anti-sense SPP1 transgenic mice displayed abnormal mammary gland differentiation and milk secretion. Thus SPP 1 is a prime candidate gene for this ETL. We confirmed that DGAT1 is the ETL segregating on BTA 14 that chiefly effects fat concentration, and that the polymorphism is due to a missense mutation in an exon. Four hundred Israeli Holstein bulls were genotyped for this polymorphism, and the change in allelic frequency over the last 20 years was monitored.

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Guy, Charles, Gozal Ben-Hayyim, Gloria Moore, Doron Holland, and Yuval Eshdat. Common Mechanisms of Response to the Stresses of High Salinity and Low Temperature and Genetic Mapping of Stress Tolerance Loci in Citrus. United States Department of Agriculture, May 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613013.bard.

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The objectives that were outlined in our original proposal have largely been achieved or will be so by the end of the project in February 1995 with one exception; that of mapping cold tolerance loci based on the segregation of tolerance in the BC1 progeny population. Briefly, our goals were to 1) construct a densely populated linkage map of the citrus genome: 2) map loci important in cold and/or salt stress tolerance; and 3) characterize the expression of genes responsive to cold land salt stress. As can be seen by the preceding listing of accomplishments, our original objectives A and B have been realized, objective C has been partially tested, objective D has been completed, and work on objectives E and F will be completed by the end of 1995. Although we have yet to map any loci that contribute to an ability of citrus to maintain growth when irrigated with saline water, our very encouraging results from the 1993 experiment provides us with considerable hope that 1994's much more comprehensive and better controlled experiment will yield the desired results once the data has been fully analyzed. Part of our optimism derives from the findings that loci for growth are closely linked with loci associated with foliar Cl- and Na+ accumulation patterns under non-salinization conditions. In the 1994 experiment, if ion exclusion or sequestration traits are segregating in the population, the experimental design will permit their resolution. Our fortunes with respect to cold tolerance is another situation. In three attempts to quantitatively characterize cold tolerance as an LT50, the results have been too variable and the incremental differences between sensitive and tolerant too small to use for mapping. To adequately determine the LT50 requires many plants, many more than we have been able to generate in the time and space available by making cuttings from small greenhouse-grown stock plants. As it has turned out, with citrus, to prepare enough plants needed to be successful in this objective would have required extensive facilities for both growing and testing hardiness which simply were not available at University of Florida. The large populations necessary to overcome the variability we encountered was unanticipated and unforeseeable at the project's outset. In spite of the setbacks, this project, when it is finally complete will be exceedingly successful. Listing of Accomplishments During the funded interval we have accomplished the following objectives: Developed a reasonably high density linkage map for citrus - mapped the loci for two cold responsive genes that were cloned from Poncirus - mapped the loci for csa, the salt responsive gene for glutathione peroxidase, and ccr a circadian rhythm gene from citrus - identified loci that confer parental derived specific DNA methylation patterns in the Citrus X Poncirus cross - mapped 5 loci that determine shoot vigor - mapped 2 loci that influence leaf Na+ accumulation patterns under non-saline conditions in the BC1 population - mapped 3 loci that influence leaf Na+ accumulation paterns during salt sress - mapped 2 loci that control leaf Cl- accumulation patterns under non-saline conditions - mapped a locus that controls leaf Cl- accumulation patterns during salt stress Screened the BC1 population for growth reduction during salinization (controls and salinized), and cold tolerance - determined population variation for shoot/root ratio of Na+ and Cl- - determined levels for 12 inorganic nutrient elements in an effort to examine the influence of salinization on ion content with emphasis on foliar responses - collected data on ion distribution to reveal patterns of exclusion/sequestration/ accumulation - analyzed relationships between ion content and growth Characterization of gene expression in response to salt or cold stress - cloned the gene for the salt responsive protein csa, identified it as glutathione peroxidase, determined the potential target substrate from enzymatic studies - cloned two other genes responsive to salt stress, one for the citrus homologue of a Lea5, and the other for an "oleosin" like gene - cold regulated (cor) genes belonging to five hybridization classes were isolated from Poncirus, two belonged to the group 2 Lea superfamily of stress proteins, the others show no significant homology to other known sequences - the expression of csa during cold acclimation was examined, and the expression of some of the cor genes were examined in response to salt stress - the influence of salinization on cold tolerance has been examined with seedling populations - conducted protein blot studies for expression of cold stress proteins during salt stress and vice versa

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Lowry, David, and Gary Bergstrom. Final Report for DOE Grant DE-SC0017883: Identification of Adaptive Fungal Pathogen Resistance Loci in Switchgrass. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1832122.

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Wisniewski, Michael E., Samir Droby, John L. Norelli, Noa Sela, and Elena Levin. Genetic and transcriptomic analysis of postharvest decay resistance in Malus sieversii and the characterization of pathogenicity effectors in Penicillium expansum. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600013.bard.

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Blue mold of apple caused by Penicilliumexpansumis a major postharvest disease. Selection for postharvest disease resistance in breeding programs has been ignored in favor of fruit quality traits such as size, color, taste, etc. The identification of postharvest disease resistance as a heritable trait would represent a significant accomplishment and has not been attempted in apple. Furthermore, insight into the biology of the pathogenicity of P. expansumin apple could provide new approaches to postharvest decay management. Hypothesis: Postharvest resistance of apple to P. expansumcan be mapped to specific genetic loci and significant quantitative-trait-loci (QTLs) can be identified that account for a major portion of the population variance. Susceptibility of apple fruit to P. expansumis dependent on the ability of the pathogen to produce LysM effectors that actively suppress primary and/or secondary resistance mechanisms in the fruit. Objectives: 1) Identify QTL(s) and molecular markers for blue mold resistance in GMAL4593 mapping population (‘Royal Gala’ X MalussieversiiPI613981), 2) Characterize the transcriptome of the host and pathogen (P. expansum) during the infection process 3) Determine the function of LysM genes in pathogenicity of P. expansum. Methods: A phenotypic evaluation of blue mold resistance in the GMAL4593 mapping population, conducted in several different years, will be used for QTL analysis (using MapQTL 6.0) to identify loci associated with blue mold resistance. Molecular markers will be developed for the resistance loci. Transcriptomic analysis by RNA-seq will be used to conduct a time course study of gene expression in resistant and susceptible apple GMAL4593 genotypes in response to P. expansum, as well as fungal responses to both genotypes. Candidate resistance genes identified in the transcriptomic study and or bioinformatic analysis will be positioned in the ‘Golden Delicious’ genome to identify markers that co-locate with the identified QTL(s). A functional analysis of LysM genes on pathogenicity will be conducted by eliminating or reducing the expression of individual effectors by heterologous recombination and silencing technologies. LysMeffector genes will also be expressed in a yeast expression system to study protein function. Expected Results: Identification of postharvest disease resistance QTLs and tightly-linked genetic markers. Increased knowledge of the role of effectors in blue mold pathogenic

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Levin, Ilan, John W. Scott, Moshe Lapidot, and Moshe Reuveni. Fine mapping, functional analysis and pyramiding of genes controlling begomovirus resistance in tomato. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7594406.bard.

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Abstract. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a monopartitebegomovirus, is one of the most devastating viruses of cultivated tomatoes and poses increasing threat to tomato production worldwide. Because all accessions of the cultivated tomato are susceptible to these viruses, wild tomato species have become a valuable resource of resistance genes. QTL controlling resistance to TYLCV and other begomoviruses (Ty loci) were introgressed from several wild tomato species and mapped to the tomato genome. Additionally, a non-isogenic F₁diallel study demonstrated that several of these resistance sources may interact with each other, and in some cases generate hybrid plants displaying lower symptoms and higher fruit yield compared to their parental lines, while their respective resistance genes are not necessarily allelic. This suggests that pyramiding genes originating from different resistance sources can be effective in obtaining lines and cultivars which are highly resistant to begomoviruses. Molecular tools needed to test this hypothesis have been developed by our labs and can thus significantly improve our understanding of the mechanisms of begomovirus resistance and how to efficiently exploit them to develop wider and more durable resistance. Five non-allelic Ty loci with relatively major effects have been mapped to the tomato genome using molecular DNA markers, thereby establishing tools for efficient marker assisted selection, pyramiding of multiple genes, and map based gene cloning: Ty-1, Ty-2, Ty-3, Ty-4, and ty-5. This research focused on Ty-3 and Ty-4 due to their broad range of resistance to different begomoviruses, including ToMoV, and on ty-5 due to its exceptionally high level of resistance to TYLCV and other begomoviruses. Our aims were: (1) clone Ty-3, and fine map Ty-4 and Ty-5 genes, (2)introgress each gene into two backgroundsand develop semi isogenic lines harboring all possible combinations of the three genes while minimizing linkage-drag, (3) test the resulting lines, and F₁ hybrids made with them, for symptom severity and yield components, and (4) identify and functionally characterize candidate genes that map to chromosomal segments which harbor the resistance loci. During the course of this research we have: (1) found that the allelic Ty-1 and Ty-3 represent two alternative alleles of the gene coding DFDGD-RDRP; (2) found that ty-5is highly likely encoded by the messenger RNA surveillance factor PELOTA (validation is at progress with positive results); (3) continued the map-based cloning of Ty-4; (4) generated all possible gene combinations among Ty-1, Ty-3 and ty-5, including their F₁ counterparts, and tested them for TYLCV and ToMoV resistance; (5) found that the symptomless line TY172, carrying ty-5, also carries a novel allele of Ty-1 (termed Ty-1ⱽ). The main scientific and agricultural implications of this research are as follows: (1) We have developed recombination free DNA markers that will substantially facilitate the introgression of Ty-1, Ty-3 and ty-5 as well as their combinations; (2) We have identified the genes controlling TYLCV resistance at the Ty-1/Ty-3 and ty-5 loci, thus enabling an in-depth analyses of the mechanisms that facilitate begomovirus resistance; (3) Pyramiding of Ty resistance loci is highly effective in providing significantly higher TYLCV resistance.

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