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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Libya and Tunisia"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 5 жовтня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Libya and Tunisia"

Ciarli, Stefano, and Keith McLachlan. "A Bibliographic Review: Studies of Libya's International Borders." Libyan Studies 27 (1996): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263718900002429.

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AbstractThe Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya has, since 1980, been involved in no fewer than three important judgments at the International Court of Justice at The Hague, dealing with Libya-Tunisia, the Libya-Malta and the Libya-Chad boundaries. The Government of Libya accepted all the judgments made at the ICJ without equivocation.The settlement of the Mediterranean continental shelf issues with Tunisia (1982) and with Malta (1985) may be seen as technical adjustments leading to a fixing of boundaries in undemarcated areas. Both judgments were comparatively favourable to Libya and extended Libya's area of hydrocarbon activities off-shore.In the matter of Libyan land claims to the Aouzou strip on the Chad borderlands, the situation was rather different. The international boundary between Libya and Chad was laid down under a 1955 convention. In 1972 the Libyan Government annexed the Aouzou strip. The ICJ gave its judgment on 3rd February 1994, by 16 votes to 1 finding that the boundary between the Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya and the Republic of Chad is defined by the Treaty of Friendship and Good Neighbourliness concluded on 10th August 1955 between the French Republic and the United Kingdom of Libya, thus restoring the Aouzou strip to Chad.A select bibliography of sources dealing with Libya's international boundaries is attached, itemising key texts in Western languages.

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Michelutto, Lisa. "Egyptian Autocracy Promotion in Libya and Tunisia." Revista Euro latinoamericana de Análisis Social y Político (RELASP) 3, no. 6 (April 11, 2023): 292–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.35305/rr.v3i6.103.

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TThe basis of this paper is an analysis of el-Sisi’s Egypt’s autocratic promotion of Libya and Tunisia. At the structural level, the paper is divided into three parts: in the first, Egyptian autocracy promotion is analyzed at the empirical level in Libya and Tunisia. As for Libya, rewards prevailed (training the armed forces and selling weapons), although there has been blackmail against Marshal Haftar. Egyptian rewards in Tunisia have been weaker than in Libya: they have been mainly diplomatic. That is why it is possible to affirm that there has been a strong emulation of Saïed towards el-Sisi. The paper then goes on to place the two cases within Fossati’s (2022) typology. Therefore, it is possible to come to the conclusion that Egyptian autocracy promotion in Libya was rigid until 2020, when el-Sisi only supported Haftar, but became flexible after 2020, when el-Sisi began to negotiate with the government in Tripoli. In both cases we have soft power relations. As for Tunisia, Egyptian autocracy promotion is flexible with soft power relations. Finally, an interesting assessment is presented concerning the relationship between values and interests in el-Sisi’s foreign policy in the two countries analyzed. Egyptian autocracy promotion has indeed almost always been ideological, both in Libya and in Tunisia, although interests have come into play in the second phase in Libya, when el-Sisi moderated his position and began the negotiations with the Tripoli government.

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BOUGHEDIR, W., M. RIFI, E. SHAKMAN, F. MAYNOU, R. GHANEM, J. BEN SOUISSI, and E. AZZURRO. "Tracking the invasion of Hemiramphus far and Saurida undosquamis along the southern Mediterranean coasts: A Local Ecological Knowledge study." Mediterranean Marine Science 16, no. 3 (October 13, 2015): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.1179.

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Local Ecological Knowledge of 92 professional fishers from Tunisia and Libya was used to investigate on the occurrence and establishment of the exotic Hemiramphus far and Saurida undosquamis along the southern Mediterranean coasts. According to fisherman’s knowledge, H. far and S. undosquamis appeared in Libya, in 1980 and 1989 respectively. In Tunisia these species were observed afterwards, in 2004 and 2007. Currently both H. far and S. undosquamis result to be well distributed and established, along the entire surveyed area, from Tubrouk (eastern Libya) to Tabarka (western Tunisia). A statistical analysis of the qualitative trends in abundance perceived by the respondents show that both species have significantly increased in abundance in Tunisia. In Libya an increase of the abundance of H. far was also apparent during the first decade of the 21st century but the current abundance of S. undosquamis resulted to be stable at the level of occasional captures. Given the lack of regular environmental monitoring programmes in the area, these findings provide information that could not have been obtained otherwise. Besides improving our understanding on the status and chronology of these invasions, this approach highlights the value of fisherman’s knowledge to reconstruct ecological process in the course of rapid historical modifications.

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Najem, Faraj. "Libyan tribes in diaspora." Libyan Studies 34 (2003): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263718900003447.

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AbstractTribal immigration into and out of Libya has been largely unexplored. This study, based on Arabic and Libyan sources, begins to rectify this. It aims to examine the causes that have led tribes to flee the country voluntarily or by force and will follow the hardship of immigrants during the Qaramanh rule (1711-1835) and their establishment in neighbouring countries.Based on the author's own fieldwork and that of others, the methodology focuses on primary Arabic sources including interviews and oral traditions to establish a chronology of tribal movements to Egypt, Tunisia and Chad. Once settled outside Libya, these ex-patriot Libyans were involved in key events in their host countries.

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Cremasco, Maurizio. "Two uncertain futures: Tunisia and Libya." Adelphi Papers 28, no. 231 (March 1988): 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/05679328808457582.

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Mathlouthi, Najla, Charbel Al-Bayssari, Allaaeddin El Salabi, Sofiane Bakour, Salha Ben Gwierif, Abdulaziz A. Zorgani, Yahia Jridi, Karim Ben Slama, Jean-Marc Rolain та Chedly Chouchani. "Carbapenemases and extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated from Tunisian and Libyan hospitals". Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 10, № 07 (2 серпня 2016): 718–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.7426.

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Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase production among clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae recovered from Tunisian and Libyan hospitals. Methodology: Bacterial isolates were recovered from patients in intensive care units and identified by biochemical tests and MALDI-TOF. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion and the E-test method. ESBL and carbapenemase activities were detected using standard microbiological tests. Antibiotic resistance-encoding genes were screened by PCR and sequencing. Clonal relationships between Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were carried out using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Results: A total of 87 isolates were characterized, with 51 and 36, respectively, identified as E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Overall the resistance prevalence was high for aminoglycosides (> 60%), fluoroquinolones (> 80%), and extended-spectrum cephalosporins (> 94%), and was low for imipenem (11.4%). Among this collection, 58 strains (66.6%) were ESBL producers and 10 K. pneumoniae strains (11.4%) were carbapenemase producers. The antibiotic resistance-encoding genes detected were blaCTX-M-15 (51.7%), blaTEM-1 (35.6%), several variants of blaSHV (21.8%), and blaOXA-48 (11.4%). The MLST typing of K. pneumoniae isolates revealed the presence of multiple clones and three novel sequence types. Also, close relationships between the OXA-48-producing strains from Tunisia and Libya were demonstrated. Conclusions: This study is the first paper describing the emergence of carbapenemase- and ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, sensitive to colistin, isolated in Tunisia and Libya. Active surveillance and testing for susceptibility to colistin should be implementing because resistance to colistin, mainly in Klebsiella, has been recently reported worldwide.

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AKKARI, NESRINE, and HANS REIP. "Ommatoiulus ktarii, a new millipede from Tunisia and considerations on the taxonomy of the genus (Diplopoda, Julida, Julidae)." Zootaxa 5231, no. 2 (January 27, 2023): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5231.2.5.

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A new millipede, Ommatoiulus ktarii sp. nov., is here described from Tunisia based on relatively recently collected specimens from the semi-arid area of the plain of Oueslatia. A description of the external morphology and gonopod structures are provided, proving the new species to be most similar to the only hitherto known schizophyllinine from Libya, Ommatoiulus rimosus (Karsch, 1881) described more than 140 years ago. Photographs of the gonopods of all Tunisian Ommatoiulus Latzel, 1884 species are provided.

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Walley, C. D. "Depositional history of southern Tunisia and northwestern Libya in Mid and Late Jurassic time." Geological Magazine 122, no. 3 (May 1985): 233–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800031447.

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AbstractThe good exposures of virtually undeformed Callovian and Oxfordian strata along the Djeffara escarpment of southern Tunisia and northwestern Libya have allowed analysis of regional depositional history during this time.A number of lithostratigraphic problems are considered. In Tunisia, the Foum Tatahouine Formation is subdivided into members and in Libya some of the stratigraphic issues are clarified. A correlation between the two sequences is proposed. The widely claimed aeolian origin for the Libyan Chameau Mort Sandstone is rejected.The depositional patterns of the Callovian and Oxfordian strata are described in the context of Mid and Late Jurassic sedimentation in the eastern Ghadames basin of the African craton. After a regressive Bathonian sequence, transgressive conditions commenced in Early Callovian time. In a series of continental–marine cycles, this transgressive sequence culminated in widespread shallow, restricted-marine micritic deposition. A regression in Late Callovian time resulted in emergence marked by a thin but widespread calcrete horizon. In Mid? Oxfordian time a renewed transgression brought in open marine, high-energy, shallow-water carbonates. Later, regressive conditions returned, leading to increasing restriction, and latest Jurassic time saw the first signs of the fluvio-deltaic deposition that was to dominate the region in Early Cretaceous time.

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Al-Turk, Halima. "The Arab Springs: A Comparison of the Uprisings in Libya & Syria in 2011." Political Science Undergraduate Review 2, no. 1 (October 15, 2016): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/psur66.

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The Arab Springs is known as “a revolutionary wave of demonstrations, protests, riots, protracted civil wars and other forms of opposition (both violent and non-violent) in the Arab territories” (Elfaith. 2015, 121). Starting in Tunisia on December 18, 2010, Mohamed Bouazizi a street vendor, set himself on fire after being harassed by municipal police officials. Bouazizi’s act of self-immolation sparked international attention, leading Tunisia into a revolution. After being in power for 23 years as Tunisia’s President, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali stepped down and fled to Saudi Arabia (Bunton 2013, 16). Tunisia’s revolution led both the Arab and non-Arab world to witness “spontaneous explosions of protests, [revolutions] and popular political upheaval” in countries such as Egypt, Yemen, Bahrain, Morocco, Lebanon, Algeria, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Sudan and Mauritania (Ismael and Ismael 2013, 229). The high levels of political corruption, economic hardships and the desire for a free democratic government all inspired the citizens of these countries to take action against their governments.

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Kłosowicz, Robert, and Ewa Szczepankiewicz-Rudzka. "Między polityką zaangażowania a pozytywną neutralnością. Libia i Tunezja wobec kwestii Sahary Zachodniej." Politeja 20, no. 1(82) (June 28, 2023): 309–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.20.2023.82.16.

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BETWEEN A POLICY OF ENGAGEMENT AND POSITIVE NEUTRALITY: LIBYA AND TUNISIA ON THE ISSUE OF WESTERN SAHARA The unresolved issue of Western Sahara has been causing serious divisions in the Maghreb region for 48 years, which affects not only political relations, but also economic cooperation. The division into states supporting the independence of Western Sahara and those backing Morocco’s position has very strongly polarized the Maghreb region, as well as practically all states of the African continent. Moreover, during the Cold War, this dispute fed into division between states in the Western camp and those identified with the Eastern bloc and socialism, such as Libya. Tunisia was the only country in North Africa, which consistently tried to implement a policy of positive neutrality and because of that it was doomed to occupy a liminal space not only in the region – between Algeria and Morocco, but also in the bipolar world – between the West and the Eastern bloc. This article aims to present the two countries of Tunisia and Libya from the perspective of 48 years of the Western Saharan crisis. Both states, although they do not have a direct border with the territory of Western Sahara, are sometimes involuntarily, as in the case of Tunisia, involved in the largest regional dispute, which to this day casts a shadow over relations in North Africa.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Libya and Tunisia"

Sarihan, Ali. "The role of the military in the Arab uprisings : the cases of Tunisia and Libya." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/34009/.

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This thesis examines the role of the military in Tunisia and Libya during the 2010-2011 Arab uprisings by asking why the two states’ military forces chose to either defect from or defend the ruling administration. Using a comparative case study methodology, this study demonstrates that the joint configuration of energy capacity, military structure and the strength of protests led to the different outcomes in these two cases. The data indicates that one can understand the impact of these three factors using theories that focus on the correlation between rational action, institutional identity, economic inducements, and ideological stances. Thus, I employed approaches from rational choice and institutionalism as the theoretical framework for this study. This study shows that the actions of the Tunisian and Libyan military forces should be read through this theoretical framework. While informative, conclusions drawn from these cases do not allow for universal generalizations. Additionally, it is important to note that the three influential factors are not the only elements that influenced the variations in outcome during the Tunisian and Libyan conflicts. Moreover, I do not make a comparison in terms of the absolute values of the factors, but rather in terms of relative values.

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Sheldrick, Nichole. "Building the countryside : a regional perspective on the architecture and settlement of rural Tripolitania from the 1st c. BC to the 7th c. AD." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:903ae97c-60df-4e51-81bd-50a0767cdc47.

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In this thesis, data collected from both previously published material and new surveys conducted using satellite imagery on the architecture and construction of over 2,400 rural structures in nine different regions of Tripolitania and dating between the 1st c. BC and the 7th c. AD are brought together and analysed on a regional scale. The synthesis and standardisation of these data and the creation of new typologies, applicable to structures in all parts of the region have, for the first time, facilitated meaningful comparisons between buildings and settlements across Tripolitania during the period under the study, in a more systematic fashion and on a wider scale than has previously been possible. This first part of this study contextualises the material with discussions on the historical background of Tripolitania, previous investigations and methodological foundations, the evidence for pre-Roman architectures and settlement, and the chronology of rural settlement during the period under study based on ceramic evidence. This is followed by a discussion of the known military buildings in the region, with particular reference to how these structures related and potentially contributed to the development of civilian settlement and architecture. The second part of this study presents quantitative and qualitative analyses of the physical characteristics of the main group of buildings under investigation: unfortified and fortified farm buildings. Discussions of how different spaces may have been utilised and the spatial relationships between the settlement groups formed by these buildings provide insight into how and why different types of buildings developed in the countryside between the 1st c. BC and the 7th c. AD. These analyses demonstrate that the rural buildings of Tripolitania can be seen as meaningful reflections not only of the wide variety of activities taking place in the buildings themselves, but also of the varying histories and patterns of land-use in different parts of the region and even the status, wealth, and socio-cultural structures of the people who constructed and lived in them.

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Aboueldahab, Noha. "Re-thinking transitional justice : the prosecution of political leaders in the Arab Region : a comparative case study of Egypt, Libya, Tunisia and Yemen." Thesis, Durham University, 2015. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11354/.

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The dramatic uprisings that ousted the long-standing leaders of several countries in the Arab region have set in motion an unprecedented period of social, political and legal transformation. The Arab Spring uprisings saw criminal prosecutions in the Arab region take centre stage in the pursuit of transitional justice. Through a comparative case study of Egypt, Libya, Tunisia and Yemen, this thesis presents a critique of mainstream transitional justice theory. This theory is built on the underlying assumption that transitions constitute a shift from non-liberal to liberal democratic regimes, where measures – often legal – are taken to address atrocities committed during the prior regime. By examining the factors that triggered, drove and shaped decisions regarding the prosecution of political leaders in the four case studies, this thesis will enhance our understanding of how transitional justice is pursued in varied contexts. The findings of this research therefore build on the growing literature that claims that transitional justice is an under-theorised field and needs to be developed to take into account non-liberal and complex transitions. I argue that transitional justice in the Arab region presents the strongest challenge yet to the transitional justice paradigm, which presumes a shift from violent, non-liberal rule to peaceful, liberal-democratic rule. There are four parts to this argument. First, the non-paradigmatic nature of the Arab region transitions, whereby a renewed form of repressive, non-liberal rule has largely taken shape, warrants a re-thinking of transitional justice and its pursuit in various contexts. Second, the Arab region cases demonstrate that both domestic and international actors pursue competing accountability agendas, thereby weakening claims of a global accountability norm. Third, the emphasis these cases place on accountability for corruption and socio-economic crimes as opposed to civil and political rights violations underline the need to develop transitional justice theory. The limited content and extent of the investigations and prosecutions in the four case studies are driven by the controlled nature of the transitions and point to a practice of scapegoating certain high-level officials and a certain set of crimes to show that there has been a break with the former regime. Finally, a re-thinking of transitional justice needs to take into account the absence of pre-existing democratic structures and what this means for criminal accountability prospects in non-paradigmatic transitional contexts.

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Lorková, Aneta. "Pozice Francie ve středomoří a v severní Africe." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113977.

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The aim of this thesis is to introduce the Maghreb countries and the historical background and current events to clarify the common issues between the two shores of the Mediterranean Sea. Specifically, this thesis introduces the relations between Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Mauritania, Libya with their former colonial power, France. Although Libya differs in many aspects from the other Maghreb countries, it cannot be isolated in the region. Thus this thesis, with the emphasis to the differences, takes Libya also in account. This thesis also aims to define the current foreign policy of France towards the Maghreb countries and outlines the strengths and weaknesses of current and future mutual cooperation.

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Ekiz, Seyma [Verfasser]. "The Role of the EU and Member States in the Arab Spring : Assessment of Interests and EU Strategy in Tunisia and Libya / Seyma Ekiz." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1163024562/34.

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Otman, Hitem. "L'apport possible de la régulation des médias audiovisuels à l'établissement de l'Etat de droit dans les sociétés en transition : les cas libyen et tunisien." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMD002.

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Les médias audiovisuels jouent un rôle important dans la construction de l'État de droit dans les pays en transition politique, en particulier par leur rôle de chien de garde, et par leur rôle dans la promotion du débat démocratique et dans le contrôle de l'élément le plus important de la démocratie, qui est élections libres et régulières. Cependant, les médias peuvent jouer un rôle négatif qui menace la stabilité de l'État et déstabilise le régime s'ils sont exploités pour atteindre des intérêts personnels et partisans étroits.En Libye, depuis la chute du régime, il y a eu un changement rapide et massif dans le domaine des médias audiovisuels. Cependant, l'absence de législation légale réglementant les médias et l'absence d'un organe de régulation indépendant ont fait de la scène médiatique libyenne un chaos caractérisé par une polarisation politique, régionale et même tribale.Cette thèse tente d'analyser la scène médiatique audiovisuelle et de la relier à l'histoire politique et médiatique de la Libye d'avant l'indépendance à nos jours. Nous essayons également, à travers cette thèse, de connaître le rôle que la régulation des médias peut jouer dans la promotion de la démocratie et de l'État de droit, en extrapolant certaines théories et opinions de ceux qui s'intéressent à ce domaine, et en extrapolant l'expérience tunisienne de la post-révolution dans le domaine de la régulation des médias
The audiovisual media play an important role in building the rule of law in countries in political transition, through their role as a watchdog, and through their role in promoting democratic debate and in monitoring most important element of democracy, which is free and fair elections. However, the media can play a negative role that threatens state stability and destabilizes the regime if exploited to achieve narrow personal and partisan interests.In Libya, since the fall of the regime, there has been a rapid and massive change in the field of audiovisual media. However, the absence of legal legislation regulating the media and the absence of an independent regulatory body have made the Libyan media scene a chaotic one characterized by political, regional and even tribal polarization.This thesis attempts to analyze the audiovisual media scene and to relate it to the political and media history of Libya from before independence to the present day. We also try, through this thesis, to know the role that media regulation can play in promoting democracy and the rule of law, extrapolating some theories and opinions of those interested in this field, and by extrapolating the post-revolution Tunisian experience in the field of media regulation

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Fuhrer, Robert. "The Arab Spring in North Africa: Key Comparative Factors and Actors." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5633.

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This study analyzed the revolutions in Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya (North Africa) beginning in late 2010. The first part of the study focused on variables that the North African revolutions shared. These variables were “personalistic-style of dictatorship”, “sizable percentage of youth in population”, and “economic context”. These factors were then discussed as major descriptive variables that caused the revolutionary events in North Africa. The second part of the study assessed why each North African revolution resulted in varying levels of violence. Concluding thoughts were made regarding the similarities and differences between the 2009 Iranian Green Revolution, events in other North African Arab-majority states such as Algeria and Morocco, and the on-going Syrian Revolution to the North African Revolutions
M.A.
Masters
Political Science
Sciences
Political Science; International Studies

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Sarroukh, Zohra. "Islam et politique dans le maghreb contemporain "maroc, algerie, tunisie, libye"." Nancy 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN20004.

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Au maghreb, l'islam et le politique ont toujours connu une imbrication totale. Quelque soit la place reservee a cette religion dans les institutions politiques, les pouvoirs politiques lui ont toujours fait jouer un role de premier ordre au niveau des ideologies. Mais l'islam a toujours ete egalement un lieu de contestation pour les forces sociales recherchant la justice et au dela de cet ideal, une participation au pouvoir. Cet heritage culturel semble encore agir sur les mentalites et les comportements. Les pouvoirs en place au maghreb ont oeuvre depuis les independances pour la modernisation des systemes politiques. Mais les fondements de cette oeuvre n'etant pas tres solides de par l'eclectisme qui les nourrit (dosage modernite islam), les systemes qui en sont nes portaient en eux des elements contradictoires qui ont fini par produire l'anomie sociale dans ces pays. Cette situation a favorise l'emergence de mouvements de contestation ou l'islam occupe une place preponderante. Mais la encore certains islamistes voudraient faire jouer a l'islam, en tant que religion et que culture, un role qui risque de mener a une impasse et menace la cohesion sociale elle-meme. Pour eviter ces deux ecueils (l'anomie sociale et la guerre civile), les protagonistes sont appeles a faire un effort considerable sur le plan de la pensee afin de construire un systeme politique qui soit base sur des fondements philosophiques solides. Ces bases ne doivent negliger ni l'islam, religion sociale par excellence, ni la modernite, necessite vitale pour etre de son temps. Ce n'est qu'apres avoir trouve ainsi un terrain d'entente sur les fondements de la communaute nationale que les divergences d'opinion apparaitront normales et tolerables par les uns et les autres
In the maghreb, islam and politics have always been totally overlapping. Whatever the position reserved for it in political institutions, the powers in politics have always made islam play a role of first order at the ideological level. However, islam has likewise always provided a place for protest for social forces seeking justice and, beyond that participation in power. This cultural heritage still seems to affect both mentality and behaviour. Since independence, the authorities existing in the maghreb have been working to modernise the political system. However, since the bases of this effort have not been very solid, due to the eclecticism which has nourished them (a dosage of islam and modernity), the systems that have been born from it have contained contradictory elements producing social anomy in these countries as a result. This situation has encouraged the emergence of protest movements, in which islam predominates. Yet here also, some islamic fundamentalists would like to make islam play a cultural and religious role that could lead to an impasse, and that threatens the social fabric itself. So as to avoid these two dangers (social anomy and civil war), the protagonists are asked to make considerable efforts at the philosophical level in order to construct a political system with sound philosophical foundations. These foundations must not ignore islam, the social religion par excellence, nor should they ignore modernity, the latter being vital so as to be relevant to the times. It is only once common ground has been found regarding the bases of the national community, that divergences of opinion will appear normal and tolerable to one side and the another

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Ben, Omrane Sadok. "La petite Syrte et la Tripolitaine à l'époque punique." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040394.

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Durant, neuf siècles les villes côtières de la petite Syrte et la Tripolitaine étaient puniques. A partir du sixième siècle avant J. -C. Les phéniciens s'étaient installés le long du littoral. Les sources littéraires, l'archéologie, et l'épigraphie confirment cette présence punique. Tacape, Gigthis, Zian, Sabratha, Oea, Lepcis étaient les emporia de Carthage. Même après la disparition de Carthage, la culture punique était attestée. Le sénat, l'assemblée du peuple, et le suffète étaient les institutions les plus connues. A l'époque numide et à l'époque romaine la persistance de la civilisation punique est certaine
During nine centuries the coast towns from the small Sirte and from the Tripolitania were Punic. From the sixth century b. C. , the Phoenicians had settled along the littoral. Literary source, archeology, epigraphy confirme that there was once a Punic presence all over this area. Tacape, Gigthis, Sabratha, Oea, Lepcis were the Carthage's emporia even after Carthage's disappearance, in 146 b. C. , the Punic culture had been certified. The senate, the plebeian assembly, and the shophet were the most famous institutions. Later, during the Numidian era and from the Roman era to the second century of hours, their culture and civilization testify to the persistence of the Phoenician-Punic contribution

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Yahia-Acheche, Sophie. "L'art rupestre de Tunisie : inventaire et analyse : ses relations avec les foyers artistiques de l'Algérie et la Libye voisines." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010573.

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L'art rupestre de Tunisie a longtemps été ignoré. Les rares stations rupestres connues et le nombre particulièrement faible des représentations pouvaient faire penser que les cultures préhistoriques n'avaient pas développé de telles traditions iconographiques. Cette étude a permis de réunir les données existantes concernant les sites rupestres et I'ensemble de leurs figurations. Au delà du bilan documentaire qui s'avérait nécessaire, les recherches menées dans le domaine de l'art rupestre, ont apporté des éléments de réponses aux nombreuses interrogations concernant la nature de ce mode d'expression artistique, sa répartition spatio-temporelle ou encore son apparente «pauvreté ». L'objectif étant de donner plus de cohérences aux données disponibles en individualisant des styles et des ensembles qui permettent de placer les figurations rupestres de Tunisie dans leur contexte géographique et chrono culturel. Avec l'avancement des recherches et I'apport de datations directes et indirectes des parois, les hypothèses émises pourront être vérifiées.

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Книги з теми "Libya and Tunisia"

S, McLachlan K., ed. Tunisia handbook, with Libya. Bath: Footprint Handbooks, 1997.

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McGuinness, Justin. Tunisia handbook with Western Libya. 2nd ed. Bath: Footprint, 1999.

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Carsten, Arnold. North Africa: Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia. 2nd ed. London: Metra Consulting, 1985.

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Unit, Economist Intelligence, ed. North Africa: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Sudan : economic structure and analysis. London: Economist Intelligence Unit, 1991.

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Försvarsanalys, Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut (Sweden), ed. Economic and military expenditures trends in North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Tunisia. Stockholm: FOI--Swedish Defence Research Agency, Defence Analysis, 2009.

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Khalifa, Riadh Ben. Coexistence in Libya and in other geographical areas: The proceedings of the International Symposium held at the Tunisian National Archives and White House Hotel, Tunisia, May 5 and 6, 2016. [Tunis]: University of Tunis, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2017.

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Salmān, Raḥīmī, ред. Takhrīb-i ziyāratgāhʹhā-yi Islāmī dar kishvarʹhā-yi ʻArabī: ʻIrāq, Sūriyah, Tūnis va Lībī = The destruction of Islamic shrines in Arab Countries : Iraq - Syria - Tunisia - Libya. Qum: Dār al-Aʻlām li-Madrasah Ahl al-Bayt, 2014.

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Marin, Bruno. La guerra in Libia e in Tunisia, 1940-1943. Roma: Settimo sigillo, 2002.

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Saddem, Mohamed. Une histoire méconnue les relations libyo-françaises au Fezzan de 1943 à 1956: Regards croisés Libye-France-Tunisie. Tunis: IRMC, Cérès éditions, 2014.

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1929-, Teissier Henri, and Chatelard Antoine, eds. Histoire des chrétiens d'Afrique du Nord: Libye-Tunisie-Algérie-Maroc. Paris: Desclée, 1991.

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Частини книг з теми "Libya and Tunisia"

Cremasco, Maurizio. "Two Uncertain Futures: Tunisia and Libya." In Prospects for Security in the Mediterranean, 187–206. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10513-7_11.

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Boubakri, Hassen. "Migrants and Refugees in the Mediterranean Cities: Reception, Regulation and Actors – Tunisia a Case Study." In Migrations in the Mediterranean, 109–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42264-5_7.

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AbstractBased on the case study of Tunisian cities, this chapter focuses on how these cities have been involved in a variety of initiatives, actions and programs in order to provide assistance and seek to integrate foreign migrants on their territories. The aim is to describe their main patterns of reception and to compare them, when fruitful.The targeted cities are those of the border region with Libya and Sfax and Sousse, with different migratory contexts from one city to another. Two major turning points have been investigated: (1) the migration waves of 2011 which coincided with the “Arab uprisings”, when the cities of South-East Tunisia were in the forefront in welcoming and assisting migrant workers and Libyan families fleeing the war and (2) The Covid-19 global health crisis between 2020–2021, during which many Tunisian cities organized campaigns in aid of migrants in precarious conditions.After having launched, from 2018 to 2021, a process of decentralization and transfer of competences and means from the Centre to the local authorities, the political change of 2021 (presidential coup) has stopped the process by abolishing the Ministry of Local Affairs and attaching the municipalities to the Ministry of the Interior. Many municipal officials expressedfears that Central authorities will return to dominate local communities.

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Audra, Philippe. "Hypogene Caves in North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt)." In Hypogene Karst Regions and Caves of the World, 853–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53348-3_58.

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Pieters, Karolien. "The Mediterraneancountries (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon)." In The European Union and its Neighbours, 391–432. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-507-0_12.

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Natil, Ibrahim. "Civil State in the Post–Arab Spring Countries: Tunisia, Egypt and Libya." In The Arab Spring, Civil Society, and Innovative Activism, 217–31. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-57177-9_10.

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Bassiouney, Reem. "Linguistic Unrest at Times of Revolution: The Case of Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya." In The Palgrave Handbook of Languages and Conflict, 441–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04825-9_20.

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Aboueldahab, Noha. "Navigating the Storm: Civil Society and Ambiguous Transitions in Egypt, Libya and Tunisia." In Advocating Transitional Justice in Africa, 183–204. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70417-3_9.

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Tiliouine, Habib. "Quality of Life and Wellbeing in North Africa – Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia." In Global Handbook of Quality of Life, 507–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9178-6_22.

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Karakoç, Jülide. "A Comparative Analysis of the Post-Arab Uprisings Period in Egypt, Tunisia and Libya." In Authoritarianism in the Middle East, 172–99. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137445551_8.

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Kesseiri, Radia. "The Political Discourse of the Arab Revolution: The Case of Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, and Syria." In Intercultural Communication with Arabs, 237–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-254-8_14.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Libya and Tunisia"

Makhmutova, Maria. "THE LIBYAN PROBLEM AS A THREAT TO AFRICAN AND MEDITERRANEAN SECURITY." In Globalistics-2020: Global issues and the future of humankind. Interregional Social Organization for Assistance of Studying and Promotion the Scientific Heritage of N.D. Kondratieff / ISOASPSH of N.D. Kondratieff, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46865/978-5-901640-33-3-2020-314-319.

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The article examines the negative impact of the Libyan crisis on European and African countries. The author notes that the main problem facing the EU is the illegal migration of Africans, which does not decrease even when implementing joint missions and programs. In turn, the chaos in Libya is played out differently on its neighbors. Countries such as Algeria and Egypt have tried to strengthen their borders, while Tunisia, Chad, Niger and Sudan have tried to adapt to current challenges.

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Jebali, Mariem, Rim Ben Salah, Omar Kahouli, Chokri Bouchoucha, and Hsan Hadj Abdallah. "Stability analysis for large power system interconnections (Tunisia-Libya)." In 2015 4th International Conference on Systems and Control (ICSC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icosc.2015.7152775.

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Bibonne, R., P. Duringer, C. Raulin, S. Leleu, J. F. Ghienne, S. Bouaziz, and J. L. Rubino. "Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of the Early to Middle Triassic Clastic Formations of the Ghadames Basin (Tunisia-Libya)." In 77th EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2015. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201412667.

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Dafrina, Armelia, Deassy Siska, and Maulana Hakiki. "Identifikasi Pengaruh Arsitektur Timur Tengah pada Desain Masjid Raya Pase Panton Labu." In Temu Ilmiah IPLBI 2021. Ikatan Peneliti Lingkungan Binaan Indonesia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32315/ti.9.i023.

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Perkembangan zaman memberikan pengaruh pada seni arsitektur, salah satunya perkembangan seni arsitektur pada masjid. berdasarkan dari bentuk sebuah masjid mengacu pada sejarah kejayaan dinasti Islam pada masa lampau yang meninggalkan bangunan masjid dengan karakteristik atau ciri-ciri bentuk masjid berdasarkan peninggalan beberapa masa yang berbeda yakni Abbasiyah (Mesir/Mesopotamia), Ummayah (Andalusia/Spanyol), Safavid (Iran), Mughal (India), Utsmaniyah (Turki).Timur Tengah merupakan istilah oleh bangsa Inggris untuk wilayah yang mayoritas umat Islam. Wilayah tersebut disebutkan berdasarkan Menteri Luar Negeri RI adalah Aljazair (Algeria), Arab Saudi, Emiran Arab, Irak, Bahrain, Lebanon, Kuwait, Libya, Mesir, Oman, Maroko, Qatar, Sudan, Palestina, Tunisia, dan Suriah. Masjid Raya Pase diidentifikasikan mendapat pengaruh bentuk dari Arsitektur Timur Tengah, berdasarkan elemen-elemen arsitektur Islam yang terdapat pada Masjid Raya Pase Panton Labu yaitu lengkungan, kubah, minaret, mimbar, mihrab dan ornamen (muqarnas). Wilayah Timur Tengah merupakan periode masjid pada dinasti masa kejayaan Abbasiyah dan Safavid maka karakteristik Masjid Raya Pase mendapat pengaruh masa Abbasiyah dan Safavid yang berkembang di wilayah Timur Tengah. Kata-kunci : identifikasi, elemen arsitektur islam, arsitektur Timur Tengah, masjid raya Pase

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Ballı, Esra, and Gülçin Güreşçi Pehlivan. "Economic Effects of European Neighborhood Policy on Countries." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00777.

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After the fifth enlargement of European Union in 2004 and with the expansion of European Unions borders and new neighbors, it became one of the important policies to provide security, stability and prosperity, and develop relationship between neighborhood countries. Although, enlargement process provide some opportunities to the member states of European Union, it brings about some difficulties. The differences at the life standards, environment, public health, prevention and combating organized crime between European Union and neighbor countries caused to create new policies. European Neighborhood Policy was launched in 2004, and consists of 16 countries, namely: Israel, Jordan, Moldova, Morocco, The Palestinian Authority, Tunisia, Ukraine, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Egypt, Georgia, Lebanon, Algeria, Syria, Libya and Belarus. European Union and the partner country sign the Partnership and Cooperation Agreements or Association Agreements, and then the Agreement Action Plans are mutually adapted. Action Plans include privileged relationship, mutual commitment to common values, democracy and human rights, legal and market economy principles, good governance, sustainable development, energy and transportation policies. Within the framework of European Neighborhood Policy, the main aim is to arrange the relationship between the neighbors of European Union. In this study, economic effects of the European Neighborhood Policy will be examined for the relevant countries.

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Guney, Hasan, Helby Ellen, Ayodeji Temitope Ajayi, Abdulla Ali AlAli, and Mohamed Lamine Bezziane. "Detailed Core Studies and Facies Characterization of Tight Cambro-Ordovician and Devonian Reservoirs (Tinrhert Nord Block, Illizi Basin, Algeria)." In Gas & Oil Technology Showcase and Conference. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/214160-ms.

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Abstract The Tinrhert Nord Block is located in the Illizi/Berkine-Ghadames Basin where in the central-eastern part of Algeria, near the border with Libya. The sedimentary infill of these basins is composed of thick Palaeozoic sedimentary sequences which constitute a world-class petroleum system, confirmed and producing in Algeria, Tunisia and Libya. Previously drilled wells by Sonatrach in the block had shown a considerable prospectivity for the Block, and further studies were undertaken for well planning and appraisal of the Ordovician, Silurian, and Devonian reservoirs. The target of this study was to better understand the characteristics of the reservoir and quality of the productive series in the block. A comprehensive core study was therefore run for 15 wells with a total of 647 meters of sediments in the Tinrhert Nord block (Figure 3). The study showed that 7 clastic facies for the Palaeozoic sequences can be distinguished. The Ordovician facies subdivided into 3 main facies that were deposited in Glaciomarine, Tidal-Delta and Upper shoreface-shoreline environment and is composed of diamictites, titillates and fine-grained tight reservoir facies. Silurian and Devonian sequences are composed of marine shales that are confirmed as constituting the major source rock in the basin (Silurian hot shale and Frasnian hot shales), and additional fluvial-deltaic coarse-medium-fine grained sandstone facies. SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), routine core analysis, and fracture studies were performed on selected core intervals in order to perform a more detailed reservoir characterisation. Routine core analysis show that the Ordovician reservoir has a limited porosity up to 4-8% due to the overall texture of the sediments and shows also a low permeability (<1Md). Effective porosity of the Upper Silurian F6 reservoir is up to 15-20% and Devonian F2 reservoir is most likely up to 10%. Core fractures show drilling-induced vertical fractures, and natural hairline type healed fractures, and an additional natural open joint system. The open hole DST well tests that have shown moderate flow rates with can be related to the presence of a high porosity and main permeability system which is composed of interconnected small scale open fractures and larger scale sub-seismic fracture corridors. These features permit to produce also from the reservoir layers that generally show low porosity/permeability facies. These studies confirm that the Silurian F6 reservoirs are the best reservoirs in the basin and Devonian fluvial-deltaic sequences (C and F2)are secondary best reservoir in the basin. The Ordovician reservoirs are tighter with limited porosity and permeability but can be produced by stimulation of the natural fracture system.

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Whidden, K. J., T. D. Mason, J. Iliffe, and T. Bevan. "Predicting Carbonate Reservoirs, Offshore Sirt Basin, Libya." In 4th EAGE North African/Mediterranean Petroleum and Geosciences Conference and Exhibition Tunis 2009. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20145813.

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Slack, J., A. Bader, B. Jones, T. Afifi, A. Fraser, and T. Sabato Ceraldi. "Tertiary Stratigraphy of the Offshore Sirt Basin, Libya." In 4th EAGE North African/Mediterranean Petroleum and Geosciences Conference and Exhibition Tunis 2009. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20145840.

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Barkwith, D. C., A. Rafai, M. Leathard, and M. Francis. "Seismic Guided Reservoir Description, Lehib, Libya – A Case Study." In 4th EAGE North African/Mediterranean Petroleum and Geosciences Conference and Exhibition Tunis 2009. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20145848.

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Bjørnseth, H. M., L. Gindre, S. Higgins, A. Schimanski, H. Gröger, C. Vandré, B. Bonnier, and M. Geiger. "Basin Evolution of the Al Kufrah Basin in Southeast Libya." In 4th EAGE North African/Mediterranean Petroleum and Geosciences Conference and Exhibition Tunis 2009. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20145796.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Libya and Tunisia"

Winpenny, Jim. Climate & environment assessment: Support to the IMF capability assessment program (CAP) in Tunisia and Libya. Evidence on Demand, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12774/eod_hd029.jan2013.winpenny.

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Jabado, Rima, Emiliano García-Rodríguez, Peter Kyne, Ryan Charles, Asia Armstrong, Jenny Bortoluzzi, Théophile Mouton, et al. Mediterranean and Black Seas: A regional compendium of Important Shark and Ray Areas. IUCN SSC Shark Specialist Group, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59216/ssg.isra.2023.r3.

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The second Important Shark and Ray Areas (ISRA) regional expert workshop was held in hybrid mode (in person and online) in Thessaloniki, Greece from 8–12 May, 2023. The goal was to identify and delineate three-dimensional and discrete portions of habitat that are critical to the survival of sharks, rays, and chimaeras (hereafter ‘sharks’), and that have the potential to be managed for conservation. The region covered included the Mediterranean and Black Seas. This scientific collaboration amongst regional and global experts resulted in the identification of 65 Important Shark and Ray Areas, 6 candidate ISRAs, and 20 Areas of Interest. Identified ISRAs range in size from small underwater areas of 0.09 km2 at depths of 1,100–1,150 m (Palmahim Brine Pools ISRA in Israel) to large areas of 219,913 km2 (Strait of Sicily and Tunisian Plateau ISRA which is transboundary in nature encompassing waters of Italy, Libya, Malta, and Tunisia) from surface waters to a depth of 2,000 m. This compendium provides an overview of all areas delineated.

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Total petroleum systems of the Pelagian Province, Tunisia, Libya, Italy, and Malta; the Bou Dabbous, Tertiary and Jurassic-Cretaceous composite. US Geological Survey, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/b2202d.

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Total petroleum systems of the Trias/Ghadames Province, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya; the Tanezzuft-Oued Mya, Tanezzuft-Melrhir, and Tanezzuft-Ghadames. US Geological Survey, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/b2202c.

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