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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Large scale plans and project"

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Holton, Elwood F., Reid A. Bates, and Sharon S. Naquin. "Large-Scale Performance-Driven Training Needs Assessment." Public Personnel Management 29, no. 2 (June 2000): 249–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102600002900207.

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This paper reports a case study of an unusual needs assessment project designed to identify the performance improvement training needs of Louisiana state government employees. The project required the development of a hybrid methodology, called large-scale performance-driven training needs assessment. This methodology was more performance-oriented than the “felt-needs” found in large scale applications. The project also highlights deficiencies in needs assessment methodologies and plans for future research.
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JU, L., D. G. BLAIR, J. DAVIDSON, D. E. MCCLELLAND, J. MUNCH, S. M. SCOTT, L. WEN, and C. ZHAO. "THE AIGO PROJECT." International Journal of Modern Physics D 20, no. 10 (September 2011): 2087–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271811020226.

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The AIGO project is the proposed southern hemisphere advanced large scale gravitational wave detector. With this southern hemisphere detector, the global array of ground based gravitational wave detectors will be substantially improved. Here we summarize the current plans for the AIGO detector.
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Zheng, Hai Liang, Zheng Xiao, Chun Feng Hu, Yao Wen Wu, and Wei Jiang. "Project Management for the Construction of a Large Scale Modified UNITANK Wastewater Treatment Plant." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 2317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.2317.

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As more and more work is organized through projects and programmers, project management is becoming increasingly important. Aiming to ensure the project quality, control building progress within a short period and make the cost effective, full-process project management for the construction of a large scale modified UNITANK wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was conducted and introduced in detail in this paper. Long term operation results indicate that the Qianfeng II WWTP shows good pollutants removal performance and stable operation ability, which demonstrates that these project management methods are practical and could be popularized for the similar projects in the future.
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Horgan, Denis, Mario Romao, and Rob Hastings. "Pulling the Strands Together: MEGA Steps to Drive European Genomics and Personalised Medicine." Biomedicine Hub 2, Suppl. 1 (November 21, 2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000481300.

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The increasing understanding of the genome is recognised as being one of the main determinants of future improvement in healthcare. The availability of genetic data from a large number of individuals increases the ability to investigate questions across many rare and common diseases and in different populations, and also provides more information for understanding clinical care outcomes for an individual. A number of large scale genome sequencing initiatives have been launched in the last few years to try and capitalise on this potential. Within Europe, the UK has led the way with the 100,000 Genomes Project. This project looks at the genome sequences of patients with rare diseases or cancer. More recently France announced plans to invest EUR 670 million in a genomics and personalised medicine programme. In the US, the Precision Medicine Initiative aims at large-scale research by gathering one million or more volunteers to extend precision medicine to all diseases. Meanwhile, China has announced plans to invest nearly USD 10 billion in its own precision medicine initiative. These projects demonstrate the commitment at a national level and raise the question “What benefits would be realised by undertaking a million genome initiative in a coordinated effort across European countries?” A coordinated, pan-European MEGA project would garner crucial genetic information that could have an immeasurable benefit when it comes to the health of current and future EU citizens.
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Moravánszky, Ákos. "Blow-Up: The Powers of Scale." Joelho Revista de Cultura Arquitectonica, no. 8 (December 26, 2017): 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-8681_8_1.

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During the decades following World War II, efforts were made to connect the rhetoric of the human scale with that of a superhuman, geographic or territorial scale. Aerial photography has opened up an all-encompassing view of the universe, presented in scalar sequences as the visual foundation for a new humanity. In the US, the large-scale regional project of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA). Attempts at integrating ecological, engineering, landscaping, architectural, and aesthetic concerns to realize a socio-economical vision were followed with enormous interest in Europe – before and after the war, in both West and East – and applauded by different political systems. Images popularizing the success of five-year plans and the heroism of nature transformation in the Soviet Union were also omnipresent themes in Western Europe. Ideas of transnational planning emerged in Europe shortly before the postwar continent was divided between the world powers. After the political partitioning of Europe into blocs, however, such plans had to be buried.
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Chevallier, Nicola, and Alan D. Russell. "Automated schedule generation." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 25, no. 6 (December 1, 1998): 1059–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l98-029.

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Even for the most well-intentioned companies, the commitment required for the initial drafting of a plan is a real barrier to developing a useful schedule for a construction project. This paper explores how artificial intelligence and expert systems have and can be used for automating the generation of plans and schedules. Findings from a thorough literature review and observations about the general characteristics of projects provide a backdrop to explain the reasoning that has led to the authors' approach to developing a module capable of generating draft plans and schedules. This approach combines expert systems with large building blocks of predefined project scoping, sequencing, and scaling knowledge contained in standard templates and rules. It relies on templates to store much of the reasoning needed to produce a project plan and schedule, and on the use of generalized planning structures as activities. A draft schedule can then be automatically generated by way of a relatively simple rule set that assigns activity property values dealing with physical locations and production rates, as well as other project scale related values. The role of a physical model or view of a project is emphasised.Key words: construction, scheduling, project management, expert system, template, automated schedule generation, rule based, computer integration.
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Funamizu, N., M. Iida, Y. Sakakura, and T. Takakuwa. "Reuse of heat energy in wastewater: implementation examples in Japan." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 10 (May 1, 2001): 277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0640.

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Sewage and treated water can be a heat source in urban area due to large heat capacity, thus recovery and reuse of its energy is one of the most desirable plans for the sewerage system. In this paper, characteristics of heat energy in wastewater, reuse plans, and some experiences in Japan are presented. Full-scale reuse projects for heating and cooling in the Tokyo Metropolitan Districts and project for melting snow in Sapporo City are discussed. The key factors found in experience of Tokyo were setting the heat pumps near the demand points and the technical developments of equipment to prevent system from clogging, corrosion, and decrease in the heat transfer efficiency. It was also found through the project for melting snow in Sapporo that the key factor in public acceptance was the multi-purpose use of the sewerage system both for melting snow in winter and retaining rain water in summer.
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RIEU-CLARKE, Alistair. "Notification and Consultation Procedures Under the Mekong Agreement: Insights from the Xayaburi Controversy." Asian Journal of International Law 5, no. 1 (April 8, 2014): 143–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2044251314000022.

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Tensions between watercourse states are likely to escalate in the absence of effective legal frameworks by which to evaluate the impacts of large-scale unilateral water projects. Conscious of the need for such a framework, the lower Mekong River Basin States have developed the 1995 Mekong Agreement and related procedures for prior notification and consultation. The Xayaburi Hydropower Project constitutes the first project on the mainstream of the Mekong River that has been submitted to the consultation procedures under the 1995 Mekong Agreement. An analysis of the Xayaburi Project shows that both the design and implementation of the consultation process might be improved. The need to strengthen this process is particularly pertinent due to the numerous plans to further exploit the hydropower potential of the Mekong River and its tributaries. Additionally, examination of the prior consultation process under the Mekong Agreement offers valuable lessons for other international watercourses facing similar challenges.
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Wei, Qun, Hua Jiang, and Sheng Ji Li. "A Study on the 3D Fine Model of a Large-Scale and Complicated Steel Truss Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 99-100 (September 2011): 383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.99-100.383.

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The design and construction of the stiffening steel truss bridges is a complex and large-scale professional program. The abstract of the plans and the weaknesses of the view angles to the design sketch will also become limitations to the owners and the decision makers. Based on the project of River Baling Bridge of large stiffening steel truss girders, this study creates a three-dimensional fine model for it via CAD, pre-assembles each parts of the bridge, and checks sections and dockings one to one correspondingly. Data conversion of this model directly generates virtual visualized model. This visualized fine model of River Baling Bridge provides decision makers with a visual analysis platform, which also offers technical guarantee and support for sensible decision makings.
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Kaming, Peter F., Ambrosius Koesmargono, and Bimo Wahyu Aji. "Delay model for Engineering Procurement Construction (EPC): a case of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) projects in Indonesia." MATEC Web of Conferences 270 (2019): 05010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927005010.

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Анотація:
Development of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) projects in Indonesia mostly utilized Engineering Procurement Construction) EPC as type of contract. The contract is particularly applied in large-scale project such as LNG because it needed to be realized with comprehensively planning and to be on time, and on budget for the benefit for all stakeholders. In maximizing the utilization of the resources, LNG plant project depended on detailed work plans and tightly work schedule. This research aims at analyzing factors influencing causes of project delay in construction LNG projects. Data were collected using survey method by mean of distributing questionnaire to respondent that representing skilled staffs of the contractor LNG construction. Grouping variables were carried out using factors analysis, and the generated factors and delay of the projects then were analyzed their relationship using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Results of this study generated seven factors that influenced the delay of the EPC contract in LNG projects. The factors are: Human Resources; Management; Material; External; Plant Equipment; Method; Quality. From the result of SEM analysis it generated a model for analyzing the delay of the EPC for LNG projects in Indonesia.
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Дисертації з теми "Large scale plans and project"

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RAMONDETTI, LEONARDO. "The Enriched Field. Urbanising the Central Plains of China." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2842525.

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Missler, Heidi Erika. "The Revelstoke Dam : a case study of the selection, licensing and implementation of a large scale hydroelectric project in British Columbia." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28175.

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Procedures for the selection, licensing and implementation of large scale energy projects must evolve with the escalating complexity of such projects and. the changing public value system. Government appeared unresponsive to rapidly changing conditions in the 1960s and 1970s. Consequently, approval of major hydroelectric development projects in British Columbia under the Water Act became increasingly more contentious. This led, in 1980, to the introduction of new procedures—the Energy Project Review Process (EPRP) — under the B.C. Utilities Commission Act. This study documents and evaluates the selection, licensing and implementation of the Revelstoke Hydroelectric Dam under the Water Act and assesses to what extent the current EPRP selection and licensing procedure overcame the shortcomings of the Revelstoke experience. The methodological approach used is that of a post-development analysis. The Revelstoke Project case study revealed that the Water Act only addressed project design, safety, and impacts, but not selection and justification. Project implementation proceeded under a conditional water licence. The two-part administrative framework, established under the licence and by B.C. Hydro, lacked integration and failed to provide effective management. A strong commitment to the preservation of environmental quality was lacking. The licensee's monitoring of construction practices in general and of compliance with environmental guidelines, a set of nonspecific commonly accepted construction activities, were inadequate. Governmental surveillance and enforcement were rendered unsatisfactory by staff shortages and a laissez faire attitude. The case study concluded with a post-development environmental analysis, which determined the effectiveness of the Environmental Impact Statement in predicting impacts to be only twenty-five percent. Evaluation of the EPRP and its application in the Site C Dam proposal demonstrated that it is a significant improvement over its predecessor. If applied efficiently and in its entirety, it would provide an adequate structure and procedural sequence for project selection and licensing. However, some of the inadequacies noted in the Revelstoke case study, such the lack of provisions for early public and government participation, an adequate data base, an administrative structure, and a post-development analysis, have not been or only partially corrected. To conclude, this thesis offers some recommendations to further improve this continually evolving process.
Arts, Faculty of
Geography, Department of
Graduate
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SANNINO, FABIANO. "THE DYNAMICS IN A LARGE SCALE TECHNOLOGY PROJECT." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2006. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=8726@1.

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Este trabalho apresenta um estudo de Dinâmica de Sistema como uma ferramenta de apoio às decisões da gerência de um projeto, procurando demonstrar sua utilização e aplicação em um projeto de implementação tecnológica de grande porte. O trabalho visa possibilitar que a gestão do projeto possua uma ferramenta de análise que proporcione a antecipação das interferências existentes nos projetos, como a necessidade de adição de recursos, ingerência nas decisões do projeto, alterações de escopo e solicitação de atividades adicionais não relacionadas diretamente ao projeto. A análise da dinâmica requer a manipulação de muitas variáveis, necessitando de ferramentas que auxilie a gerência do projeto na sua visão e compreensão do projeto como um todo. Com a técnica proposta, gerentes, tomadores de decisão e gestores em geral poderão analisar as variáveis de um processo e suas dependências no projeto. Inicialmente, o trabalho apresenta uma parte teórica relacionada à Dinâmica de Sistemas apresentando um breve histórico da técnica e informações conceituais. Em seguida discorre sobre implementações de projetos de Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), suas principais características, modelos conceituais, fases, principais produtos existentes e estruturação da equipe necessária para o projeto. Seqüencialmente apresentamos os principais modelos causais e formais de gestão de projetos, realizando uma aplicação baseada nos conceitos de implementação de ERP, demonstrando o funcionamento das principais influências existentes.
This work presents a study of the System Dynamic as a support tool for decisions of the project leadership, demonstrating its use and application in a large-scale technology implementation project. Its objective is to make possible for the project management to have an analysis tool that provides the anticipation of the projects existent interferences, such as the need of additional resources, project decisions failures, scope changes, requests for additional activities not directly related to the project. The dynamic analysis requires the manipulation of many variables and needs a tool that supports the project leadership in their vision and better understanding of the overall project. With the proposed technique, project leadership, decision makers and managers in general can analyze the variables of a process and their dependencies. First, the work describes the theory related to System Dynamic, presenting a brief technique history and conceptual information. After that, it explains about Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) implementation projects, their main characteristics, conceptual models, phases, main products and the required organizational structure. Afterwards, it introduces the main project management hard (formal) and soft (causal) models, applying the system dynamic based on the ERP implementation concepts and demonstrating the existing influences.
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Gilbert, Candace June. "Large-scale portfolio assessment: Pitfalls and pathways." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1524.

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Magnusson, Evelina, and Moa Westlund. "Measuring Performance in Large Scale Agile Software Development Projects." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300388.

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The increased usage and need for software as part of products has challenged traditional project management, nevertheless for hardware heavy organisations that are used to rely on the linear prediction and tracking of project outcomes. The developments in projects with embedded systems have countless dependencies and almost impossible to predict. Literature shows that software development projects have problems meeting the initial goals of budget, time, and scope. This is discovered too late due to insufficient methods of tracking progress. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate how large agile software development projects can continuously be followed to evaluate their performance and meet initial customer agreements fixed in time, budget, and scope. The thesis was conducted at Saab, active in the defense and security industry. This qualitative exploratory study was conducted with semistructured interviews and focus group discussions at the case company Saab, benchmark interviews with two additional companies, and an extensive literature study. The issues with the existing tracking approach were explored to determine how progress tracking may be created to continuously measure progress and indicate if project goals will be accomplished or not. The more general challenges in software development were also investigated to provide knowledge about areas in need of additional metrics which could indicate the problem and mitigate it. One industry-specific challenge is the security aspect that is unavoidable and requires a lot of documentation that holds up the development activities. Other detected challenges were difficulties in understanding requirements that lead to faulty estimations and work in the wrong direction, undiscovered dependencies that lead to a lot of rework and waiting for additional parts, insufficient testing environments that lead to late feedback, and holds up the development. It was also visible that the projects were conducted with different management approaches and no best-proven practice existed for tracking performance. From an analysis of the empirical data and existing literature, a suggestion of method tracking design was developed for large agile software projects with fixed contracts. The models were proposed to allow flexibility, enable control, and provide a holistic view. As Saab intends to introduce Earned Value Management in their software projects, this method was complemented with COMOD, TRL, IRL, and SRL to provide these three characteristics. Transparency and visibility of both products and processes are also found to be key to project success, thus additional metrics to increase visibility in projects are suggested to enable efficient project leading.
Den ökade användningen och behovet av mjukvara har utmanat traditionell projektledning, speciellt för hårdvaruorganisationer som är vana att kunna förlita sig på den linjära utvecklingen av ett projek. Utvecklingen av projekt som inkluderar inbyggda system med otaliga beroenden är nästan omöjliga att förutsäga. Litteratur visar att mjukvaruutvecklingsprojekt har problem att nå de ursprungliga målen för budget, tid och omfattning. Detta upptäcks för sent på grund av otillräckliga metoder för att mäta framsteg i projekt. Detta examensarbete genomfördes som en fallstudie på Saab, aktiv inom försvar- och säkerhetssektorn. Syftet med denna avhandling har varit att utvärdera hur projektledning för stora agila mjukvaruutvecklingsprojekt kontinuerligt kan följa utvecklingen för att möta de ursprungliga kundavtalen som är fastställda i tid, budget och omfattning. Denna kvalitativa undersökningsstudie genomfördes med semistrukturerade intervjuer och fokusgrupp intervjuer på företaget Saab, benchmarking intervjuer med ytterligare två företag och en omfattande litteraturstudie. För att utvärdera hur en metod för utvärdering av projektstatus ska utformas för att i tid ange om projektmålen inte kommer att uppnås, undersöktes utmaningarna med mjukvaruutveckling och därifrån har möjliga mätvärden och metoder för att mildra eller upptäcka dessa problem utvärderats. Några av de upptäckta problemen verkar överlappa flera industrier medan andra verkar vara mer specifika för just militär- och försvarsindustrin. En branschspecifik utmaning är säkerhetsaspekten som är oundviklig och kräver mycket dokumentation som stannar upp utvecklingsaktiviteterna. Andra upptäckta utmaningar var svårigheter att förstå krav som leder till felaktiga uppskattningar och arbete i fel riktning, oupptäckta beroenden som leder till mycket omarbetning och väntande på ytterligare delar, otillräckliga testmiljöer som leder till sen feedback och håller upp utvecklingen. Stora skillnader i de metoder som idag tillämpas från projektledning i dessa projekt var synligt under projektet, vilket indikerar på att det idag inte finns någon accepteras bästa metod i uppföjlning. Från analys av samlad empirisk data samt befintlig litteratur utvecklades ett förslag på hur en metod för uppföljning av stora agila mjukvaruprojekt skulle kunna se ut. Design på föreslagen modell skulle möjliggöra flexibilitet och kontroll samt förmedla ett helhetsperpektiv. Eftersom Saab avser att introducera Earned Value Management i sina mjukvaruprojekt kompletterades denna metod med COMOD, TRL, IRL och SRL för att få dessa tre egenskaper. Öppenhet och synlighet för både produkt och process visar sig också vara nyckeln till framgång i projektutveckling, vilket är möjligt med ytterligare mått för att öka synligheten i projektet.
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Awad, Ahmed M. "The interaction between project finance of a large-scale construction project and macroeconomic indicators and policies." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430322.

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Diomedi, Riccardo. "Evaluation and Optimization of Execution Plans for Fixpoint Iterative Algorithms in Large-Scale Graph Processing." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190102.

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In large-scale graph processing, a fixpoint iterative algorithm is a set of operations where iterative computation is the core. The aim, in fact, is to perform repetitive operations refining a set of parameter values, until a fixed point is reached. To describe fixpoint iterative algorithms, template execution plans have been developed. In an iterative algorithm an execution plan is a set of dataflow operators describing the way in which parameters have to be processed in order to implement such algorithms. In the Bulk iterative execution plan all the parameters are recomputed for each iteration. Dependency plan calculates dependencies among vertices of a graph in order to iteratively update fewer parameters during each step. To do that it performs an extra pre-processing phase. This phase, however, is a demanding task especially in the first iterations where the amount of data is considerable. We describe two methods in order to address the preprocessing step of the Dependency plan. The first one exploits an optimizer which allows switching the plan during runtime, based on a cost model. We develop three cost models taking into account various features characterising the plan cost. The second method introduces optimizations that bypass the pre-processing phase. All the implementations are based on caching parameters values and so they are memory greedy. The experiments show that, while alternative implementation of Dependency plan does not give expected results in terms of per-iteration time, cost models are able to refine the existing basic cost model increasing accuracy. Furthermore, we demonstrate that switching plan during runtime is a successful strategy to decrease the whole execution time and improve performance.
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Li, Tong 1974. "Automating workflow in large scale engineering project : a web based workflow management system for Tren Urbano project." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80920.

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Gong, Zhixiong, and Feng Lyu. "Technical debt management in a large-scale distributed project : An Ericsson case study." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-14803.

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Context. Technical debt (TD) is a metaphor reflecting technical compromises that sacrifice long-term health of a software product to achieve short term benefit. TD is a strategy for the development team to obtain business value. TD can do both harm and good to a software based on the situation of TD accumulation. Therefore, it is important to manage TD in order to avoid the accumulated TD across the breaking point. In large-scale distributed projects, development teams located in different sites, technical debt management (TDM) becomes more complex and difficult compared with traditional collocated projects. In recent years, TD metaphor has attracted the attention from academics, but there are few studies in real settings and none in large-scale globally distributed projects. Objectives. In this study, we aim to explore the factors that have significant impact on TD and how practitioner manage TD in large-scale distributed projects. Methods. We conducted an exploratory case study to achieve the objectives. The data was collected through archival records and a semi-structured interview. For the archival data, hierarchical multiple regression was used to analyze the relationship between identified factors and TD. For interview data, we used qualitative content analysis method to get a deep understanding of TDM in this studied case. Results. Based on the results of archival data analysis, we identified three factors that show significant positive correlation with TD. These three factors were task complexity, global distance, and maturity, which were evaluated by the architect during the semi-structured interview. The architect also believed that these factors have strong relationships with TD. TDM in this case includes seven management activities: TD prevention, identification, measurement, documentation, communication, prioritization, and repayment. The tool used for TDM is an internally implemented tool called wiki page. We also summarize the roles involved and approaches used with respect to each TDM activity. Two identified TDM challenges in this case were TD measurement and prioritization. Conclusions. We conclude that 1) TDM in this case is not complete. Due to the lack of TD monitoring, the measurement of TD is static and lacks an efficient way to track the change of cost and benefit of unresolved TD over time. Therefore, it is difficult to find a proper time point to repay a TD. 2) The wiki page is not enough to support TDM, and some specific tools should be combined with wiki page to manage TD comprehensively. 3) TD measurement and prioritization should get more attention both from practitioners and academics to find a suitable way to solve such challenges in TDM. 4) Factors that make significant contribution to TD should be carefully considered, which increase the accuracy of TD prediction and improve the efficiency of TDM.
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Karapidakis, Sofoklis 1971. "Systems and project management : organizational structure and lessons learned in large scale projects." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84237.

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Книги з теми "Large scale plans and project"

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Large-scale projects in German cities : urban development 1990-2010. Berlin: Jovis Verlag, 2010.

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2

Inc, Capricorn Indonesia Consult. Large scale & classified project profiles in Indonesia, 1993. Jakarta: CIC, 1993.

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Bruno, Gaiddon, Kaan Henk, and Munro Donna, eds. Photovoltaics in the urban environment: Lessons learnt from large scale projects. London: Earthscan, 2009.

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4

Smithers, Tim. The Alvey large scale demonstrator project - design to product. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh Department ofArtificial Intelligence, 1985.

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5

R, Bass B., U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research. Division of Engineering., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and Gesellschaft fu r Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit. Dept. of Structural Mechanics., eds. CSNI Project for Fracture Analyses of Large-Scale International Reference Experiments (Project FALSIRE). Washington, DC: Division of Engineering, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1993.

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6

Sherman, Alan T. VLSI placement and routing: The PI project. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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7

Kniberg, Henrik. Lean from the trenches: Managing Large-Scale Projects with Kanban. Dallas, Tex: Pragmatic Bookshelf, 2011.

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8

Large-scale construction projects: Management, design, and execution. London: Batsford Academic and Educational, 1985.

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9

Gumaa, Yousif Taha. Kenana: A large scale sugar project in the Sudan : an economic evaluation. Addis Ababa: Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern Africa, 1993.

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Pearson, P. David. Improving the information value of performance items in large scale assessments. [Palo Alto, CA: American Institutes for Research in the Behavioral Sciences, 1997.

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Частини книг з теми "Large scale plans and project"

1

Braun, Y. A. "Seeing through water: gender, anxiety and livelihoods in large-scale infrastructural development in the era of climate change." In Gender, climate change and livelihoods: vulnerabilities and adaptations, 69–81. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247053.0006.

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Abstract A narrative approach is taken in this chapter to document and analyze the gendered social and socio-environmental consequences of globalized river basin development using water as the lens to understand the depth and breadth of these changes in people's lives. The chapter is based on primary multi-site ethnographic field research conducted in all three active dam areas of Lesotho in 1997 and 2000-2002, as well as ongoing documentary research. Water remains central within Lesotho's national development plans and to the stability of the region even amid changing climate conditions. More locally, as water becomes more precarious within the lives of highlands residents living near the Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP), this chapter reveals the multi-layered, complex, embodied experiences of infrastructure policy and its consequences, for the everyday lives and livelihoods of people directly affected by these projects.
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Kibalov, Evgeny, and Dmitriy Shibikin. "Sustainability of Plans to Implement Large-Scale Railway Projects in the Eastern Part of the Russian Federation." In International Scientific Siberian Transport Forum TransSiberia - 2021, 394–401. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96383-5_44.

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Sako, Dramane, Mamary Traoré, Folocoum Doumbia, Fodé Diallo, Moussa Fané, and Issoufou Kapran. "Kolokani Groundnut Innovation Platform Activities and Achievements Through TL III Project in Mali." In Enhancing Smallholder Farmers' Access to Seed of Improved Legume Varieties Through Multi-stakeholder Platforms, 51–64. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8014-7_4.

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AbstractGroundnut productions have been declining in Mali in spite of several new improved varieties being released, the key problem being inadequacy of the seed supply system. To solve this problem, Kolokani MSP was established in 2012 and reorganized with support from TL III in 2015 to include more stakeholders in the groundnut value chain—farmers particularly women, farmer associations, cooperative societies, seed producers, agro-dealers, grain traders, processors, research and extension. Four new varieties Fleur11, ICGV 86124, ICGV 86015, and ICGV 86024 were supplied to the platform for FPVS and among them two, Fleur 11 and ICGV 86124 were preferred for their high yields and large grain size under farmer conditions. Through training of trainers, the different members of the platform reached 1246 farmers among them 928 women with improved groundnut seed production, aflatoxin management, seed business plans, and small-scale mechanization. A total 47 FPVS, 50 Demonstrations, and three multi-locational variety trials were conducted annually from 2016 to 2018. Kolokani platform have played an important role in groundnut value chain by producing and marketing 85 tons groundnut certified seed of these varieties annually for farmers. This is expected to stop the national productivity decline while improving platform members’ livelihoods and nutrition status.
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Popovic, Tobias, Thomas Bäumer, Ezgi Gökdemir, and Jan Silberer. "How Innovative Mobility Can Drive Sustainable Development: Conceptual Foundations and Use Cases Using the Example of the iCity Ecosystem for Innovation." In iCity. Transformative Research for the Livable, Intelligent, and Sustainable City, 3–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92096-8_1.

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AbstractEconomy and society today face a multitude of complex challenges (“grand challenges”) like climate change, demographic change, urbanization, or digitalization, which create a constant demand for new technologies, services, business models, and consequently innovative solutions. In this light, the mobility sector has undergone a great change over the past few years, which is formed by digital technologies on a large scale. Against this background, this article will demonstrate, based on the example of the iCity research project, to what extent the research design of transdisciplinary living labs can serve as a basis for the development of innovative and sustainable mobility solutions. At the same time, the influence of digitalization which plays a major role in developing real implementable solutions for such challenges will be examined.
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Rossi, Sergio. "Conservation and Restoration-Large Scale Regeneration Plans." In SDG 14: Life Below Water, 431–533. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19467-2_6.

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Bădică, Amelia, Costin Bădică, Doina Logofătu, Ion Buligiu, and Liviu Ciora. "Modeling Block Structured Project Scheduling with Resource Constraints." In Large-Scale Scientific Computing, 484–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41032-2_55.

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Grann, Henning. "The Europipe Landfall Project." In Large-Scale Constructions in Coastal Environments, 157–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59928-6_15.

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Schuecker, P., H. Horstmann, and W. Seitter. "MRSP — The Muenster Redshift Project." In Large Scale Structures of the Universe, 526–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2995-1_81.

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9

da Costa Cordeiro, Weverton Luis, Guilherme Sperb Machado, Fabrício Girardi Andreis, Alan Diego Santos, Cristiano Bonato Both, Luciano Paschoal Gaspary, Lisandro Zambenedetti Granville, Claudio Bartolini, and David Trastour. "A Runtime Constraint-Aware Solution for Automated Refinement of IT Change Plans." In Managing Large-Scale Service Deployment, 69–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87353-2_6.

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Dobrinkova, Nina, Alexander Arakelyan, Aghavni Harutyunyan, and Sean Reynolds. "Project for an Open Source GIS Tool for Visualization of Flood Risk Analysis After Mining Dam Failures." In Large-Scale Scientific Computing, 300–308. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41032-2_34.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Large scale plans and project"

1

Mueller, E., R. Riedel, M. Domagk, C. Barnstedt, and F. Meurs. "Process management within a multi-project large-scale plant engineering environment." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2012.6838071.

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2

Anderson, Everett B., Katherine E. Ayers, Luke Dalton, and Mark Schiller. "Large Scale Energy Storage Using MW-Size PEM Electrolysis." In ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with the ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2014-6398.

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With the ever-increasing addition of wind and solar renewable energy to the traditional electric grid, the need for energy storage also grows. A recent study projects the value of energy storage for wind and solar integration worldwide to exceed $30 Billion by 2023 [1]. Hydrogen from electrolysis is a promising technology for renewable energy capture as it has the capability to store massive amounts of energy in a relatively small volume. In addition, electrolysis can also provide ancillary services to the grid such as frequency regulation and load shifting resulting in multiple value streams. The hydrogen produced can alternatively be injected into the natural gas pipeline (thus making that energy carrier more green), in the production of high value chemicals such as ammonia, in upgrading of methanization-produced biogas, or used as a transportation fuel. Europe in particular has been committed to these pathways and making heavy investment in both materials research and system design and development as well as technology demonstration. In Germany, hydrogen is looked upon as a key part of the energy storage solution under “Energiewende,” their national sustainable energy transition plan. Hydrogen provides a unique link between the electric and gas grid infrastructures (often referred to as “Power-to-Gas”). Germany is also considered the global leader in biogas energy generation, with 18,244 GWh of generation in 2012 forecasted to grow to 28,265 GWh by 2025 [2]. Water electrolysis has benefits over other hydrogen generation technologies due to the lack of carbon footprint when integrated with a renewable source of energy. Specifically, proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis is a promising technology for hydrogen generation applications because of the lack of corrosive electrolytes, small footprint, and ability to generate at high pressure, requiring only water and an energy source. Several companies have already announced plans to develop megawatt (MW) commercial scale PEM electrolysis units in the 2014–2015 timeframe for these applications. There have also been recent announcements of large scale renewable energy storage project based on electrolysis.
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3

Guangshe Jia, Jianjun Qi, and Yuting Chen. "A systematic study of comprehensive work plan establishment to the large-scale construction project." In 2011 Second International Conference on Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering (MACE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mace.2011.5987583.

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4

Zakaria, Mohd Uzair, Suhana Muhamad, Muhammad Aizuddin Zainalabidin, Aina Suharny A Rahman, Ashwin Kumar Narayanan, Wan Mahsuri Wan Hashim, and Nik Fauziah Nik Omar. "Best Practices to Achieve Optimization for Large Scale Offshore Carbon Capture & Storage Facilities." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210833-ms.

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Abstract Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a key enabler for carbon emission efforts for a more sustainable future while fulfilling energy demand. However, CCS, especially when implemented offshore is costly and can be detrimental to project economics. A focused and methodological approach is critical in Front End Loading (FEL) to ensure optimization strategies are considered in the CCS development. The intent of this paper is to share the journey and knowledge gained throughout the front-end loading process in developing a large-scale offshore CCS project. The success of the project lies in the effective management of integrated subsurface-surface decisions, collaboration with stakeholders, and commercial arrangements. Specific workflow which identified and screened CO2 storage location, volume, integrity, and containment of the injected CO2 over time was developed. It integrates key decisions such as handling low permeate stream, EOS selection, maximizing hydrocarbon recovery and pressure boosting technology concept. This was achieved via a comprehensive technology screening and selection method, evaluating its impact to the facilities design and injection wells, which ultimately affects the economic value of the development. A stakeholder management plan inclusive of technology providers and CCS experts, project execution delivery, commercial and Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) was also developed to ensure successful alignment for project progress and to protect the economic viability. Structured evaluation and methodology enabled critical decisions and proposals to be properly assessed and eventually worked on to optimize the CCS facility. Among the optimizations identified includes an increased permeate pressure from feed source, reduction in surface injection pressure, identified optimum operating conditions, using the right EOS and selecting the highest value technology. Close collaboration between surface, subsurface and technology providers proved to be beneficial in crafting optimized CCS development. It is also important to ensure all required activities during FEL are executed accordingly and with prioritization of decisions to allow proper allocation of resources and to identify and mitigate any risk and uncertainties for the success of this large-scale offshore CCS. More CCS projects are envisioned globally as an enabler to develop high contaminant fields and minimize Green House Gas (GHG) emission. Validated learnings and progressive experiences gained from this project will play a pivotal role and can serve as reference to other CCS projects.
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Nicak, Tomas, Herbert Schendzielorz, Elisabeth Keim, Gottfried Meier, Dominique Moinereau, and Patrick Le Delliou. "Project STYLE: Post-Test Analysis of Mock-Up3." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28296.

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The safety and reliability of all systems has to be maintained throughout the lifetime of a nuclear power plant. Continuous R&D work is needed in targeted areas to meet the challenges of long term operation of existing and new plants designs. The European project STYLE aims to develop and validate advanced methods of structural integrity assessment applicable in the ageing and lifetime management of primary circuit components. There are three large scale mock-up tests in STYLE each of them dedicated to investigate specific effects. This paper presents the work related to Mock-up3, which is dedicated to investigate influence of cladding on the crack initiation and propagation as well as the transferability of material properties from small scale specimens to a large scale component. The performed post-test analyses focus on both the further understanding and interpretation of the Mock-up3 test and on the effect of cladding on structural integrity and LBB behavior of reactor coolant pressure boundary components.
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Voigt, B., T. Mierke, K. Möller, and R. Ruhnau. "Long Term Heat Storage in Berlin (West), Final Project Results and Outlook on Future Large-Scale Plants." In 22nd Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1987-9302.

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Nicak, Tomas, and Alexey Rempel. "Post-Test Analysis of a Large Scale Mock-Up Test Performed in the European Project ATLAS+." In ASME 2021 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2021-60495.

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Abstract The safety and reliability of all systems has to be maintained throughout the lifetime of a nuclear power plant (NPP). This requires a systematic ageing management procedure for justifying their safe long term operation. One fundamental part in this process is to demonstrate the integrity of the nuclear power plant components. The European project ATLAS+ aims to develop and validate advanced methods of structural integrity assessment applicable in the ageing and lifetime management of primary circuit components. To support development and validation of those methods a large scale test programme was developed with the aim to investigate fracture behavior of relevant piping material at the component level. Three of the planned large scale experiments focus on the fracture behavior of flawed ferritic pipe segments made of material WB 36 (15 NiCuMoNb 5); this material is representative of secondary feedwater lines installed in German NPPs. In order to improve understanding of test results post-test simulations and fractographic examination of all large scale tests are planned, some of them have been already performed. In this paper the post-test simulation of the mock-up FP2 (ferritic pipe with outer semi-elliptical circumferential crack) is presented and discussed. This mock-up was selected because it experienced an unexpected brittle fracture during the test, which occurred after limited ductile crack propagation. To investigate both the ductile and the brittle crack propagation phases of the test detailed ductile tearing analysis and brittle fracture assessment have been performed. In addition, relevant results of fractographic examination of the mock-up FP2 are presented and discussed.
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Kato, A., K. Umeki, M. Morishita, T. Fujita, and S. Midorikawa. "A Large Scale Ongoing R&D Project on Three-Dimensional Seismic Isolation for FBR in Japan." In ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2002-1425.

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FBR is well known as a reactor that breeds the nuclear fuel. As Japan has little nuclear resources in its territory, the technologies those realize Fast Breeder Reactor (abbreviated FBR) have been developed for decades. The results of the development have been demonstrated through the construction and operation of the experimental fast reactor JOYO and the prototype FBR MONJU. In 1999, the R&D to realize the commercialized FBR has started as a national project. In the project, improving the economic competency of the commercialized FBR plant was set as one of the most important objectives as well as enhancing the safety.
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Riffelmann, Klaus-Ju¨rgen, Daniela Graf, and Paul Nava. "Ultimate Trough: The New Parabolic Trough Collector Generation for Large Scale Solar Thermal Power Plants." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54657.

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From 1984 to 1992, the first commercial solar thermal power plants — SEGS I to IX — were built in the Californian Mojave desert. The first generation of trough collectors (LS1) used in SEGS I showed an aperture area of about 120 m2 (1’292 ft2), having an aperture width of 2.5 m (8.2 ft). With the second generation collector (LS2), used in SEGS II to VI, the aperture width was doubled to 5 m (16.4 ft). The third generation (LS3) has been increased regarding width (5.76 m or 18.9 ft) and length (96 m or 315 ft) to about 550 m2 (5’920 ft2) aperture. It was used in the last SEGS plants VIII and IX, those plants having a capacity of 80 MW each. After more than 10 years stagnancy, several commercial plants in the US (the 64 MW Nevada Solar One project) and Spain (the ANDASOL projects, 50 MW each with 8 h thermal storage) started operation in 2007/2008. New collectors have been developed, but all are showing similar dimensions as either the LS2 or the LS3 collector. One reason for this is the limited availability of key components, mainly the parabolic shaped mirrors and heat collection elements. However, in order to reduce cost, solar power projects are getting larger and larger. Several projects in the range of 250 MW, with and without thermal storage system, are going to start construction in 2011, requiring solar field sizes of 1 to 2.5 Million m2. FLABEG, market leader of parabolic shaped mirrors and e.g. mirror supplier for all SEGS plants and most of the Spanish plants, has started the development of a new collector generation to serve the urgent market needs: lower cost and improved suitability for large solar fields. The new generation will utilize accordingly larger reflector panels and heat collection elements attended by advanced design, installation methods and control systems at the same time. The so-called ‘Ultimate Trough’ collector is showing an aperture area of 1’667 m2 (17’944 ft2), with an aperture width of 7.5 m (24.6 ft). Some design features are presented in this paper, showing how the new and huge dimensions could be realized without compromising stiffness, and bending of the support structure and improving the optical performance at the same time. Solar field layouts for large power plants are presented, and solar field cost savings in the range of 25% are disclosed.
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Kim, Juyoul, Sukhoon Kim, Jin Beak Park, and Sunjoung Lee. "Planning of Large-Scale In-Situ Gas Generation Experiment in Korean Radioactive Waste Repository." In ASME 2010 13th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2010-40020.

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In the Korean LILW (Low- and Intermediate-Level radioactive Waste) repository at Gyeongju city, the degradation of organic wastes and the corrosion of metallic wastes and steel containers would be important processes that affect repository geochemistry, speciation and transport of radionuclides during the lifetime of a radioactive waste disposal facility. Gas is generated in association with these processes and has the potential threat to pressurize the repository, which can promote the transport of groundwater and gas, and consequently radionuclide transport. Microbial activity plays an important role in organic degradation, corrosion and gas generation through the mediation of reduction-oxidation reactions. The Korean research project on gas generation is being performed by Korea Radioactive Waste Management Corporation (hereafter referred to as “KRMC”). A full-scale in-situ experiment will form a central part of the project, where gas generation in real radioactive low-level maintenance waste from nuclear power plants will be done as an in-depth study during ten years at least. In order to examine gas generation issues from an LILW repository which is being constructed and will be completed by the end of December, 2012, two large-scale facilities for the gas generation experiment will be established, each equipped with a concrete container carrying on 16 drums of 200 L and 9 drums of 320 L of LILW from Korean nuclear power plants. Each container will be enclosed within a gas-tight and acid-proof steel tank. The experiment facility will be fully filled with ground water that provides representative geochemical conditions and microbial inoculation in the near field of repository. In the experiment, the design includes long-term monitoring and analyses for the rate and composition of gas generated, and aqueous geochemistry and microbe populations present at various locations through on-line analyzers and manual periodical sampling. A main schedule for establishing the experiment facility is as follows: Completion of the detailed design until the second quarter of the year 2010; Completion of the manufacture and on-site installation until the second quarter of the year 2011; Start of the operation and monitoring from the third quarter of the year 2011.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Large scale plans and project"

1

Lucas, Brian. Approaches to Implementing National Action Plans on Women, Peace and Security. Institute of Development Studies, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.049.

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This report aims to identify a selection of programmes and projects undertaken by countries under their respective National Action Plans. It focuses on discrete, large-scale initiatives that specifically target aspects of the WPS agenda and aim to influence change outside the implementing agencies, rather than changing agencies’ own policies and practices. Common themes that appear frequently across these programmes and projects include: supporting global pools of technical capacity on WPS and on peacebuilding generally; training military, police, and other personnel from partner countries, including building women’s professional capacities as well as training personnel in WPS-related good practices; supporting WPS networks and forums to share experience and expertise; extensive use of multilateral mechanisms for channelling funding and for sharing technical capacity; extensive support to and collaboration with civil society organisations; initiatives focusing on combating violent extremism and counter-terrorism; initiatives focusing on preventing sexual exploitation and abuse in peacekeeping and humanitarian contexts; a wide range of commitments to stopping gender-based violence; and support for sexual and reproductive health initiatives. All of the countries discussed in this report also undertake considerable efforts to change policies and practices within their own agencies. In addition, all of the countries discussed in this report undertake a range of initiatives focused on individual countries; smaller donors, in particular, often focus many of their own programmes on single countries while using multilateral mechanisms to engage at the regional and global scales. However, in accordance with the terms of reference for this report, these types of activities are not discussed below. In the time available for this report, it was possible to review six countries’ activities. These countries were selected for inclusion because they had sufficient documentation readily accessible in the form of action plans, implementation plans, and progress reports; they are donor countries with significant international activities that may be considered peers to the UK; and/or they have been cited in the literature as being leaders in promoting the WPS agenda.
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2

Zhang, Renduo, and David Russo. Scale-dependency and spatial variability of soil hydraulic properties. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7587220.bard.

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Water resources assessment and protection requires quantitative descriptions of field-scale water flow and contaminant transport through the subsurface, which, in turn, require reliable information about soil hydraulic properties. However, much is still unknown concerning hydraulic properties and flow behavior in heterogeneous soils. Especially, relationships of hydraulic properties changing with measured scales are poorly understood. Soil hydraulic properties are usually measured at a small scale and used for quantifying flow and transport in large scales, which causes misleading results. Therefore, determination of scale-dependent and spatial variability of soil hydraulic properties provides the essential information for quantifying water flow and chemical transport through the subsurface, which are the key processes for detection of potential agricultural/industrial contaminants, reduction of agricultural chemical movement, improvement of soil and water quality, and increase of agricultural productivity. The original research objectives of this project were: 1. to measure soil hydraulic properties at different locations and different scales at large fields; 2. to develop scale-dependent relationships of soil hydraulic properties; and 3. to determine spatial variability and heterogeneity of soil hydraulic properties as a function of measurement scales. The US investigators conducted field and lab experiments to measure soil hydraulic properties at different locations and different scales. Based on the field and lab experiments, a well-structured database of soil physical and hydraulic properties was developed. The database was used to study scale-dependency, spatial variability, and heterogeneity of soil hydraulic properties. An improved method was developed for calculating hydraulic properties based on infiltration data from the disc infiltrometer. Compared with the other methods, the proposed method provided more accurate and stable estimations of the hydraulic conductivity and macroscopic capillary length, using infiltration data collected atshort experiment periods. We also developed scale-dependent relationships of soil hydraulic properties using the fractal and geostatistical characterization. The research effort of the Israeli research team concentrates on tasks along the second objective. The main accomplishment of this effort is that we succeed to derive first-order, upscaled (block effective) conductivity tensor, K'ᵢⱼ, and time-dependent dispersion tensor, D'ᵢⱼ, i,j=1,2,3, for steady-state flow in three-dimensional, partially saturated, heterogeneous formations, for length-scales comparable with those of the formation heterogeneity. Numerical simulations designed to test the applicability of the upscaling methodology to more general situations involving complex, transient flow regimes originating from periodic rain/irrigation events and water uptake by plant roots suggested that even in this complicated case, the upscaling methodology essentially compensated for the loss of sub-grid-scale variations of the velocity field caused by coarse discretization of the flow domain. These results have significant implications with respect to the development of field-scale solute transport models capable of simulating complex real-world scenarios in the subsurface, and, in turn, are essential for the assessment of the threat posed by contamination from agricultural and/or industrial sources.
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Or, Etti, David Galbraith, and Anne Fennell. Exploring mechanisms involved in grape bud dormancy: Large-scale analysis of expression reprogramming following controlled dormancy induction and dormancy release. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7587232.bard.

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The timing of dormancy induction and release is very important to the economic production of table grape. Advances in manipulation of dormancy induction and dormancy release are dependent on the establishment of a comprehensive understanding of biological mechanisms involved in bud dormancy. To gain insight into these mechanisms we initiated the research that had two main objectives: A. Analyzing the expression profiles of large subsets of genes, following controlled dormancy induction and dormancy release, and assessing the role of known metabolic pathways, known regulatory genes and novel sequences involved in these processes B. Comparing expression profiles following the perception of various artificial as well as natural signals known to induce dormancy release, and searching for gene showing similar expression patterns, as candidates for further study of pathways having potential to play a central role in dormancy release. We first created targeted EST collections from V. vinifera and V. riparia mature buds. Clones were randomly selected from cDNA libraries prepared following controlled dormancy release and controlled dormancy induction and from respective controls. The entire collection (7920 vinifera and 1194 riparia clones) was sequenced and subjected to bioinformatics analysis, including clustering, annotations and GO classifications. PCR products from the entire collection were used for printing of cDNA microarrays. Bud tissue in general, and the dormant bud in particular, are under-represented within the grape EST database. Accordingly, 59% of the our vinifera EST collection, composed of 5516 unigenes, are not included within the current Vitis TIGR collection and about 22% of these transcripts bear no resemblance to any known plant transcript, corroborating the current need for our targeted EST collection and the bud specific cDNA array. Analysis of the V. riparia sequences yielded 814 unigenes, of which 140 are unique (keilin et al., manuscript, Appendix B). Results from computational expression profiling of the vinifera collection suggest that oxidative stress, calcium signaling, intracellular vesicle trafficking and anaerobic mode of carbohydrate metabolism play a role in the regulation and execution of grape-bud dormancy release. A comprehensive analysis confirmed the induction of transcription from several calcium–signaling related genes following HC treatment, and detected an inhibiting effect of calcium channel blocker and calcium chelator on HC-induced and chilling-induced bud break. It also detected the existence of HC-induced and calcium dependent protein phosphorylation activity. These data suggest, for the first time, that calcium signaling is involved in the mechanism of dormancy release (Pang et al., in preparation). We compared the effects of heat shock (HS) to those detected in buds following HC application and found that HS lead to earlier and higher bud break. We also demonstrated similar temporary reduction in catalase expression and temporary induction of ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, thioredoxin and glutathione S transferase expression following both treatments. These findings further support the assumption that temporary oxidative stress is part of the mechanism leading to bud break. The temporary induction of sucrose syntase, pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase indicate that temporary respiratory stress is developed and suggest that mitochondrial function may be of central importance for that mechanism. These finding, suggesting triggering of identical mechanisms by HS and HC, justified the comparison of expression profiles of HC and HS treated buds, as a tool for the identification of pathways with a central role in dormancy release (Halaly et al., in preparation). RNA samples from buds treated with HS, HC and water were hybridized with the cDNA arrays in an interconnected loop design. Differentially expressed genes from the were selected using R-language package from Bioconductor project called LIMMA and clones showing a significant change following both HS and HC treatments, compared to control, were selected for further analysis. A total of 1541 clones show significant induction, of which 37% have no hit or unknown function and the rest represent 661 genes with identified function. Similarly, out of 1452 clones showing significant reduction, only 53% of the clones have identified function and they represent 573 genes. The 661 induced genes are involved in 445 different molecular functions. About 90% of those functions were classified to 20 categories based on careful survey of the literature. Among other things, it appears that carbohydrate metabolism and mitochondrial function may be of central importance in the mechanism of dormancy release and studies in this direction are ongoing. Analysis of the reduced function is ongoing (Appendix A). A second set of hybridizations was carried out with RNA samples from buds exposed to short photoperiod, leading to induction of bud dormancy, and long photoperiod treatment, as control. Analysis indicated that 42 genes were significant difference between LD and SD and 11 of these were unique.
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Flanery, R. E. Jr, and J. M. Donato. Visualization for the Large Scale Data Analysis Project. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/245668.

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5

Berson, R. Eric. Ethanol Production from Biomass: Large Scale Facility Design Project. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1287284.

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6

Li, Xiaocan. IC Project: Large-scale Particle Acceleration during Magnetic Reconnection. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1501773.

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Tanny, Josef, Gabriel Katul, Shabtai Cohen, and Meir Teitel. Application of Turbulent Transport Techniques for Quantifying Whole Canopy Evapotranspiration in Large Agricultural Structures: Measurement and Theory. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7592121.bard.

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Анотація:
Original objectives and revisions The original objectives of this research, as stated in the approved proposal were: 1. To establish guidelines for the use of turbulent transport techniques as accurate and reliable tool for continuous measurements of whole canopy ET and other scalar fluxes (e.g. heat and CO2) in large agricultural structures. 2. To conduct a detailed experimental study of flow patterns and turbulence characteristics in agricultural structures. 3. To derive theoretical models of air flow and scalar fluxes in agricultural structures that can guide the interpretation of TT measurements for a wide range of conditions. All the objectives have been successfully addressed within the project. The only modification was that the study focused on screenhouses only, while it was originally planned to study large greenhouses as well. This was decided due to the large amount of field and theoretical work required to meet the objectives within screenhouses. Background In agricultural structures such as screenhouses and greenhouses, evapotranspiration (ET) is currently measured using lysimeters or sap flow gauges. These measurements provide ET estimates at the single-plant scale that must then be extrapolated, often statistically or empirically, to the whole canopy for irrigation scheduling purposes. On the other hand, turbulent transport techniques, like the eddy covariance, have become the standard for measuring whole canopy evapotranspiration in the open, but their applicability to agricultural structures has not yet been established. The subject of this project is the application of turbulent transport techniques to estimate ET for irrigation scheduling within large agricultural structures. Major conclusions and achievements The major conclusions of this project are: (i) the eddy covariance technique is suitable for reliable measurements of scalar fluxes (e.g., evapotranspiration, sensible heat, CO2) in most types of large screenhouses under all climatic conditions tested. All studies resulted with fair energy balance closures; (ii) comparison between measurements and theory show that the model is capable in reliably predicting the turbulent flow characteristics and surface fluxes within screenhouses; (iii) flow characteristics within the screenhouse, like flux-variance similarity and turbulence intensity were valid for the application of the eddy covariance technique in screenhouses of relatively dilute screens used for moderate shading and wind breaking. In more dense screens, usually used for insect exclusions, development of turbulent conditions was marginal; (iv) installation of the sensors requires that the system’s footprint will be within the limits of the screenhouse under study, as is the case in the open. A footprint model available in the literature was found to be reliable in assessing the footprint under screenhouse conditions. Implications, both scientific and agricultural The study established for the first time, both experimentally and theoretically, the use of the eddy covariance technique for flux measurements within agricultural screenhouses. Such measurements, along with reliable theoretical models, will enable more accurate assessments of crop water use which may lead to improved crop water management and increased water use efficiency of screenhouse crops.
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Zhang, Xiaoliang, and Philip H. Stauffer. Theme II Joint Work Plan -2017 Collaboration and Knowledge Sharing on Large-scale Demonstration Projects. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1394996.

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Williams, Timothy J., Ramesh Balakrishnan, Fabien Delalondre, Felix Schuermann, Eilif Muller, and Marc Oliver Gewaltig. Large-Scale Simulation of Brain Tissue, Blue Brain Project, EPFL. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1483995.

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Mniszewski, Susan M. Large-scale Epidemic Modeling and Simulation: W14_EpiSim Institutional Computing Project. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1337137.

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