Готові списки джерел за темами / Large index

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Large index"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Large index"

Hadley, G. Ronald. "Index-guided arrays with a large index step." Optics Letters 14, no. 6 (March 15, 1989): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.14.000308.

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Edelist, Dor, Daniel Golani, and Ehud Spanier. "First implementation of the Large Fish Index (LFI) in the eastern Mediterranean." Scientia Marina 78, no. 2 (May 29, 2014): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.03936.26a.

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Wu, Shang Pin, Eisuke Nihei, and Yasuhiro Koike. "Large radial graded-index polymer." Applied Optics 35, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.35.000028.

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Mattiolo, D., G. Mazzuoccolo, and G. Tabarelli. "Graphs with large palette index." Discrete Mathematics 345, no. 5 (May 2022): 112814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.disc.2022.112814.

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Prokhorov, Yuri G. "Fano threefolds of large Fano index and large degree." Sbornik: Mathematics 204, no. 3 (March 31, 2013): 347–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/sm2013v204n03abeh004304.

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Nowosielski, Jedrzej, Ryszard Buczynski, Andrew J. Waddie, Adam Filipkowski, Dariusz Pysz, Aongus McCarthy, Ryszard Stepien, and Mohammad R. Taghizadeh. "Large diameter nanostructured gradient index lens." Optics Express 20, no. 11 (May 9, 2012): 11767. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.20.011767.

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Buczynski, Ryszard, Adam Filipkowski, Andrew J. Waddie, Bernard Piechal, Jedrzej Nowosielski, Dariusz Pysz, Ryszard Stepien, and Mohammad R. Taghizadeh. "Large elliptical nanostructured gradient-index microlens." Applied Optics 55, no. 1 (December 22, 2015): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.55.000089.

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Saulina, Natalia. "Geometric interpretation of the large index." Nuclear Physics B 706, no. 3 (February 2005): 491–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2004.11.049.

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Hayat, Fazal, and Bo Zhou. "On cacti with large Mostar index." Filomat 33, no. 15 (2019): 4865–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil1915865h.

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The Mostar index of a graph G is defined as the sum of absolute values of the differences between nu and nv over all edges e = uv of G, where nu(e) and nv(e) are respectively, the number of vertices of G lying closer to vertex u than to vertex v and the number of vertices of G lying closer to vertex v than to vertex u. A cactus is a graph in which any two cycles have at most one common vertex. In this paper, we determine all the n-vertex cacti with the largest Mostar index, and we give a sharp upper bound of the Mostar index for cacti of order n with k cycles, and characterize all the cacti that achieve this bound.

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Chen, Chiyi, Bo Feng, Xiulian Wang, and Zhaoyu Yang. "Reconstructing large running index inflaton potentials." Classical and Quantum Gravity 21, no. 13 (June 9, 2004): 3223–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/21/13/008.

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Дисертації з теми "Large index"

Zhang, Shijie. "Index-based Graph Querying and Matching in Large Graphs." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1263256028.

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Thesis(Ph.D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2010
Title from PDF (viewed on 2010-04-12) Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) Includes abstract Includes bibliographical references and appendices Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center

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Canahuate, Guadalupe M. "Enhanced Bitmap Indexes for Large Scale Data Management." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1244047153.

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Jin, Wesley. "Practical, Large-Scale Detection of Obfuscated Malware Code Via Flow Dependency Indexing." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2014. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/389.

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Malware analysts often need to search large corpuses of obfuscated binaries for particular sequences of related instructions. The use of simple tactics, such as dead code insertion and register renaming, prevents the use of conventional, big-data search indexes. Current, state of the art malware detectors are unable to handle the size of the dataset due to their iterative approach to comparing files. Furthermore, current work is also frequently designed to act as a detector and not a search tool. I propose a system that exploits the observation that many data/control-flow relationships between instructions are preserved in the presence of obfuscations. The system will extract chains of flow-dependent instructions from a binary’s Program Dependence Graph (PDG). It will then use a representation of each chain as a key for an index that points to lists of functions (and their corresponding files). Analysts will be able to quickly search for instruction sequences by querying the index.

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Löffler-Wirth, Henry, Edith Willscher, Peter Ahnert, Kerstin Wirkner, Christoph Engel, Markus Löffler, and Hans Binder. "Novel anthropometry based on 3D-bodyscans applied to a large population based cohort." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-207844.

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Three-dimensional (3D) whole body scanners are increasingly used as precise measuring tools for the rapid quantification of anthropometric measures in epidemiological studies. We analyzed 3D whole body scanning data of nearly 10,000 participants of a cohort collected from the adult population of Leipzig, one of the largest cities in Eastern Germany. We present a novel approach for the systematic analysis of this data which aims at identifying distinguishable clusters of body shapes called body types. In the first step, our method aggregates body measures provided by the scanner into meta-measures, each representing one relevant dimension of the body shape. In a next step, we stratified the cohort into body types and assessed their stability and dependence on the size of the underlying cohort. Using self-organizing maps (SOM) we identified thirteen robust meta-measures and fifteen body types comprising between 1 and 18 percent of the total cohort size. Thirteen of them are virtually gender specific (six for women and seven for men) and thus reflect most abundant body shapes of women and men. Two body types include both women and men, and describe androgynous body shapes that lack typical gender specific features. The body types disentangle a large variability of body shapes enabling distinctions which go beyond the traditional indices such as body mass index, the waist-to-height ratio, the waist-to-hip ratio and the mortality-hazard ABSI-index. In a next step, we will link the identified body types with disease predispositions to study how size and shape of the human body impact health and disease.

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Grande, Pablo De. "Personal networks and locus of control in large urban centers of Argentina." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/100188.

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This study analyzes the relationship between locus of control and interpersonal relations structures in Argentina. After a representative sample (n = 1500) of households in seven major urban centers (>200,000 inhabitants), it examines the relationship between the externality of locus of control and different aspects of personal networks of each respondent. The results show that people having more relations experiment lower levels of externality of locus of control. Likewise, lower levels of externality are informed when personal ties outside the neighborhood are available, as well as ties high educational level. In this regard, significant associations are verified between control and personal relations structures.
El presente estudio se propone analizar la relación entre la representación del locus de control y las estructuras de vínculos interpersonales en la Argentina. A partir de una muestra (n=1500) de hogares representativa de siete grandes centros urbanos (>200 mil habitantes) se examina la relación entre la externalidad del locus de control y diferentes aspectos de las redes personales de cada participante. Los resultados muestran que a mayor cantidad de relaciones disponibles se encuentran niveles inferiores de externalidad del locus de control, así como también menores niveles de externalidad al disponerse de lazos interpersonales fuera del barrio y con vínculos de nivel socioeducativo alto. En este sentido, se verifican asociaciones significativas entre representación de control del entorno y estructuras vinculares.

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Андрієнко, Світлана Миколаївна, Олександр Іванович Сміян, Александр Иванович Смиян, Oleksandr Ivanovych Smiian, Олена Геннадіївна Васильєва, Елена Геннадьевна Васильева, Olena Hennadiivna Vasylieva, et al. "Microbiotic large intestine disorders in infants with community-acquired pneumonia." Thesis, ALUNA, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/81187.

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Мета: вивчити стан кількісного складу мікрофлори товстої кишки у дітей раннього віку з позагоспітальною пневмонією. Матеріали та методи. Ми вивчили індекс стабільності мікрофлори, який являє собою відношення загальної кількості біфід- і лактобацил до загальної кількості Escherichia coli і зазвичай перевищує 2,0 одиниці. Паралельно розраховувався індекс дисбактеріозу, який складається із співвідношення автохтонних і алохтонних мікроорганізмів кишкового вмісту і в нормі становить -1,33 ± 0,14 од. Таким чином, як при надходженні новонароджених в стаціонар, так і після проведення етіотропної терапії виникають мікробіологічні порушення біоценозу товстої кишки, особливо у грудних дітей старше 12 місяців. Тому з урахуванням цих досліджень доцільно рекомендувати включати до складу препаратів, що нормалізують мікробіоциноз кишечника.
Цель: изучить состояние количественного состава микрофлоры толстой кишки у детей раннего возраста с внегоспитальной пневмонией. Материалы и методы. Мы изучили индекс стабильности микрофлоры, который представляет собой отношение общего количества бифид- и лактобацилл к общему количеству Escherichia coli и обычно превышает 2,0 единицы. Параллельно рассчитывался индекс дисбактериоза, который складывается из соотношения автохтонных и аллохтонных микроорганизмов кишечного содержимого и в норме составляет -1,33 ± 0,14 ед. Таким образом, как при поступлении новорожденных в стационар, так и после проведения этиотропной терапии возникают микробиологические нарушения биоценоза толстой кишки, особенно у грудных детей старше 12 месяцев. Поэтому с учетом этих исследований целесообразно рекомендовать включать в состав препаратов, нормализующих микробиоциноз кишечника.
The aim: To study the state of quantitative composition of large intestine microflora in infants with communityacquired pneumonia. Materials and methods: We have studied the microflora stability index (ISM), which is the number of the ratio of the total amount of bifid and lactobacilli to the number of total Escherichia coli, and normally exceeds 2.0 units. In parallel, the index of dysbiosis (ID), which consists of the ratio between autochthonous and allochthonous microorganisms of intestinal contents and in the norm is -1,33 ± 0,14 units, was calculated. Thus, both during the admission of infants to the hospital and after conducting etiotropic therapy, microbiological disturbances of the biocenosis of the colon occur, especially in infants older than 12 months. Therefore, given these studies, it is advisable to recommend to include drugs that normalize intestinal microbiocinosis in the scheme of treatment of the disease.

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Sikorski, Claudia, Melanie Luppa, Siegfried Weyerer, Hans-Helmut König, Wolfgang Maier, Gerhard Schön, Juliane J. Petersen, et al. "Obesity and associated lifestyle in a large sample of multi-morbid German primary care attendees." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-149566.

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Background: Obesity and the accompanying increased morbidity and mortality risk is highly prevalent among older adults. As obese elderly might benefit from intentional weight reduction, it is necessary to determine associated and potentially modifiable factors on senior obesity. This cross-sectional study focuses on multi-morbid patients which make up the majority in primary care. It reports on the prevalence of senior obesity and its associations with lifestyle behaviors. Methods: A total of 3,189 non-demented, multi-morbid participants aged 65–85 years were recruited in primary care within the German MultiCare-study. Physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption and quantity and quality of nutritional intake were classified as relevant lifestyle factors. Body Mass Index (BMI, general obesity) and waist circumference (WC, abdominal obesity) were used as outcome measures and regression analyses were conducted. Results: About one third of all patients were classified as obese according to BMI. The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 73.5%. Adjusted for socio-demographic variables and objective and subjective disease burden, participants with low physical activity had a 1.6 kg/m2 higher BMI as well as a higher WC (4.9 cm, p<0.001). Current smoking and high alcohol consumption were associated with a lower BMI and WC. In multivariate logistic regression, using elevated WC and BMI as categorical outcomes, the same pattern in lifestyle factors was observed. Only for WC, not current but former smoking was associated with a higher probability for elevated WC. Dietary intake in quantity and quality was not associated with BMI or WC in either model. Conclusions: Further research is needed to clarify if the huge prevalence discrepancy between BMI and WC also reflects a difference in obesity-related morbidity and mortality. Yet, age-specific thresholds for the BMI are needed likewise. Encouraging and promoting physical activity in older adults might a starting point for weight reduction efforts.

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Sornil, Ohm. "Parallel Inverted Indices for Large-Scale, Dynamic Digital Libraries." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26131.

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The dramatic increase in the amount of content available in digital forms gives rise to large-scale digital libraries, targeted to support millions of users and terabytes of data. Retrieving information from a system of this scale in an efficient manner is a challenging task due to the size of the collection as well as the index. This research deals with the design and implementation of an inverted index that supports searching for information in a large-scale digital library, implemented atop a massively parallel storage system. Inverted index partitioning is studied in a simulation environment, aiming at a terabyte of text. As a result, a high performance partitioning scheme is proposed. It combines the best qualities of the term and document partitioning approaches in a new Hybrid Partitioning Scheme. Simulation experiments show that this organization provides good performance over a wide range of conditions. Further, the issues of creation and incremental updates of the index are considered. A disk-based inversion algorithm and an extensible inverted index architecture are described, and experimental results with actual collections are presented. Finally, distributed algorithms to create a parallel inverted index partitioned according to the hybrid scheme are proposed, and performance is measured on a portion of the equipment that normally makes up the 100 node Virginia Tech PetaPlex™ system. NOTE: (02/2007) An updated copy of this ETD was added after there were patron reports of problems with the file.
Ph. D.

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Pohorila, Victoriia, Dariia Klymenko, Вікторія Миколаївна Погоріла, and Дар'я Владиславівна Клименко. "Capacity to manage large-scale cyber crises of Ukraine." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/51510.

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1. International Centre For Defence and Security EESTI – Estonia. What Ukraine needs to defend against cyber, information and psychological operations [Electronic resource]. – Electronic magazine. – September 19, 2014 – Access mode: https://icds.ee/en/what-ukraineneeds-to-defend-against-cyber-information-and-psychological-operations/ 2. Developing Cyber Crisis Response Capabilities. [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://cyberstartupobservatory.com/cyber-crisis-response-capabilities/ 3. Chris Galford. New Michigan law assigns cybersecurity volunteers to network security assistance during cyberattacks [Electronic resource]. – Electronic magazine. – October 30, 2017 – Access mode: https://homelandprepnews.com/stories/25017-new-michigan-lawassigns-cybersecurity-volunteers-network-security-assistance-cyber-attacks/ 4. Official resource: National Cyber Security Index (NCSI) Ukraine. [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://ncsi.ega.ee/country/ua/ 5. Dr. Jnaneswar K, Gayathri Ranjit. Exploring the Cyber Threat Landscape and Cyber Crisis Management Model. // International Journal of Science and Research. [Electronic resource]. – Electronic magazine. – 2016 – Access mode: https://homelandprepnews.com/stories/25017-new-michigan-law-assigns-cybersecurityvolunteers-network-security-assistance-cyber-attacks/
For preventing the belief of basic cyber threats tons of nations area unit used world indexes, like National Cyber Security Index, world Cybersecurity Index, ICT Development index, Network Readiness Index. victimisation statistics from 2020, land isn't within the worst place however in terms of cyber management crisis land is at zero and it's sensible that it's not within the red. sadly, the Law of land doesn't contain the idea of cyber crises in and of itself generally
Для запобігання вірі в основні кіберзагрози тонни підрозділів країн використовували світові індекси, такі як Національний індекс кібербезпеки, світовий індекс кібербезпеки, індекс розвитку ІКТ, Індекс готовності мережі. Статистика віктимізації з 2020 року, держава не на найгіршому місці, однак з точки зору кризису кіберменеджменту індекс держави дорівнює нулю, і цілком зрозуміло, що вона не в мінусі

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Mourato, Pedro. "How differently do our non-large companies listed on the Portuguese stock exchange perform?" Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9905.

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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics
Behind the glamour of the largest and more mature companies listed on Stock Exchanges all over the world there is a much larger segment of companies also listed that tend to perform differently from the most visible ones. This visibility is also magnified by the fact that those large companies are part of the sample indices computed for most markets in order to translate the entire listed market with a small but manageable sample of companies. However, on many exchanges new indices have been created to place the different segments of the remaining listed market – micro, small and medium capitalization companies – under the spotlight of investors. This not only brings more visibility to these non-large firms, but also contributes to improving the liquidity of these companies and, more importantly, to uncovering the so-called Size Effect. Through the construction of a new MidCap share Index, this work aims to bring visibility to our companies that are not included in the PSI20 Index and check the existence of the above mentioned Size Effect in our market.

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Книги з теми "Large index"

Quah, D. A dynamic index model for large cross sections. London: London School of Economics, Centre for Economic Performance, 1993.

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Butkus, Steven R. A water quality index for large southeastern reservoirs. Chattanooga, Tenn: Tennessee Valley Authority, Resource Development, River Basin Operations, Water Resources, 1989.

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Harris, Robert. The fear index. Thorndike, Me: Center Point Pub., 2012.

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map, Ordnance Survey. Plandex: index to Ordnance Survey large scale maps and to Superplan. Southampton: Ordnance Survey, 1996.

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Miller, Marian. Index for Largo--then 'til--. [Largo, Fla.?]: M. Miller, 1994.

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McClenon, Walter H. Index to the federal statutes, 1874-1931: General and permanent law contained in the Revised statutes of 1874 and volumes 18-46 of the Statutes at large : revision of the Scott and Beaman Index analysis of the federal statutes. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1992.

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Hill, William. The statutes at large passed in the several general assemblies held in His Majesty's province of Nova-Scotia: From the year 1817 to the year 1826, inclusive : with an index and table of the laws, expired, repealed, executed, and disallowed, during the above period. Halifax [N.S.]: J. Howe, 2001.

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Olisa, Nzedegwu Robert. Biological agents index: Quality management of infectious disease intervention programs : achieving cost-effective outcomes using macroeconomics and microbiology, in additions to new public management concepts for implementation and evaluation of best practices in community based sanitation, health promotion, large scale antibiotics and vaccines manufacturing, and laboratory analytical platforms. 3rd ed. El Paso, Tex: American Journal of Biological Defense Press, 2008.

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Anderson, Adam. Annals of commerce, manufactures, fisheries and navigation: With brief notices of the arts and sciences connected with them, containing the commercial transactions of the British Empire and other countries from the earliest accounts to the meeting of the Union Parliament in January 1801 ... with a large appendix ... with a general chronological index ... [London]: Printed for Nichols and Son ... [and 16 others] London and for Mundell and Son, Edinburgh, 1986.

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Частини книг з теми "Large index"

Alihodžić, Adis, Enes Zvorničanin, and Fikret Čunjalo. "A Comparison of Machine Learning Methods for Forecasting Dow Jones Stock Index." In Large-Scale Scientific Computing, 209–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97549-4_24.

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Chervenkov, Hristo, and Valery Spiridonov. "Precipitation Pattern Estimation with the Standardized Precipitation Index in Projected Future Climate over Bulgaria." In Large-Scale Scientific Computing, 443–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73441-5_48.

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Prayoonwong, Amorntip, Cheng-Hsien Wang, and Chih-Yi Chiu. "Learning to Index in Large-Scale Datasets." In MultiMedia Modeling, 305–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73603-7_25.

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"Index." In Large-Scale Computing, 195–96. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118130506.index.

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"Index." In Large-Scale Simulation, 231–35. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b11883-19.

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"Index." In Surviving Large Losses, 255–63. Harvard University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4159/9780674038714-012.

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"Index." In Large Marine Ecosystems, 437–49. Elsevier, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1570-0461(02)80066-0.

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"Index." In Being at Large, 185–92. MQUP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv10kmf83.10.

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"INDEX." In Professor at Large, 223–31. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501716607-009.

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"Index." In Coloniality at Large, 615–30. Duke University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780822388883-027.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Large index"

"Author index." In Proceedings. Challenges of Large Applications in Distributed Environments. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/clade.2006.1652062.

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"Author's index." In Large Engineering Systems Conference on Power Engineering (LESCOPE). IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lescpe.2003.1204704.

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"Authors' Index." In 2006 Large Engineering Systems Conference on Power Engineering. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lescpe.2006.280386.

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"Author's index." In 2007 Large Engineering Systems Conference on Power Engineering. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lescpe.2007.4437401.

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"Keyword Index." In 2006 IFIP International Conference on Very Large Scale Integration. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vlsisoc.2006.313224.

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"Author Index." In 2006 IFIP International Conference on Very Large Scale Integration. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vlsisoc.2006.313223.

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"CAGRE 2019 Authors Index." In 2019 Algerian Large Electrical Network Conference (CAGRE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cagre.2019.8713301.

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"Author index." In 2011 IEEE Symposium on Large Data Analysis and Visualization (LDAV). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ldav.2011.6092341.

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"Author's index." In LESCOPE'02. 2002 Large Engineering Systems Conference on Power Engineering. IEEE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lescpe.2002.1020688.

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"Author Index." In CLADE 2005. Proceedings Challenges of Large Applications in Distributed Environments, 2005. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/clade.2005.1520916.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Large index"

Butkus, S. R., and D. W. Anderson. A water quality index for large southeastern reservoirs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5132558.

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Dvali, G. Large Scale Power and Running Spectral Index in New Old Inflation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/826520.

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Reno, J. L., R. M. Biefeld, S. R. Kurtz, and K. C. Baucom. Use of high index substrates to enable dislocation filtering in large mismatch systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/439011.

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Weller, Joel I., Ignacy Misztal, and Micha Ron. Optimization of methodology for genomic selection of moderate and large dairy cattle populations. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7594404.bard.

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The main objectives of this research was to detect the specific polymorphisms responsible for observed quantitative trait loci and develop optimal strategies for genomic evaluations and selection for moderate (Israel) and large (US) dairy cattle populations. A joint evaluation using all phenotypic, pedigree, and genomic data is the optimal strategy. The specific objectives were: 1) to apply strategies for determination of the causative polymorphisms based on the “a posteriori granddaughter design” (APGD), 2) to develop methods to derive unbiased estimates of gene effects derived from SNP chips analyses, 3) to derive optimal single-stage methods to estimate breeding values of animals based on marker, phenotypic and pedigree data, 4) to extend these methods to multi-trait genetic evaluations and 5) to evaluate the results of long-term genomic selection, as compared to traditional selection. Nearly all of these objectives were met. The major achievements were: The APGD and the modified granddaughter designs were applied to the US Holstein population, and regions harboring segregating quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified for all economic traits of interest. The APGD was able to find segregating QTL for all the economic traits analyzed, and confidence intervals for QTL location ranged from ~5 to 35 million base pairs. Genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) for milk production traits in the Israeli Holstein population were computed by the single-step method and compared to results for the two-step method. The single-step method was extended to derive GEBV for multi-parity evaluation. Long-term analysis of genomic selection demonstrated that inclusion of pedigree data from previous generations may result in less accurate GEBV. Major conclusions are: Predictions using single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) were the least biased, and that method appears to be the best tool for genomic evaluation of a small population, as it automatically accounts for parental index and allows for inclusion of female genomic information without additional steps. None of the methods applied to the Israeli Holstein population were able to derive GEBV for young bulls that were significantly better than parent averages. Thus we confirm previous studies that the main limiting factor for the accuracy of GEBV is the number of bulls with genotypes and progeny tests. Although 36 of the grandsires included in the APGD were genotyped for the BovineHDBeadChip, which includes 777,000 SNPs, we were not able to determine the causative polymorphism for any of the detected QTL. The number of valid unique markers on the BovineHDBeadChip is not sufficient for a reasonable probability to find the causative polymorphisms. Complete resequencing of the genome of approximately 50 bulls will be required, but this could not be accomplished within the framework of the current project due to funding constraints. Inclusion of pedigree data from older generations in the derivation of GEBV may result is less accurate evaluations.

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Ostashev, Vladimir, Michael Muhlestein, and D. Wilson. Extra-wide-angle parabolic equations in motionless and moving media. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42043.

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Wide-angle parabolic equations (WAPEs) play an important role in physics. They are derived by an expansion of a square-root pseudo-differential operator in one-way wave equations, and then solved by finite-difference techniques. In the present paper, a different approach is suggested. The starting point is an extra-wide-angle parabolic equation (EWAPE) valid for small variations of the refractive index of a medium. This equation is written in an integral form, solved by a perturbation technique, and transformed to the spectral domain. The resulting split-step spectral algorithm for the EWAPE accounts for the propagation angles up to 90° with respect to the nominal direction. This EWAPE is also generalized to large variations in the refractive index. It is shown that WAPEs known in the literature are particular cases of the two EWAPEs. This provides an alternative derivation of the WAPEs, enables a better understanding of the underlying physics and ranges of their applicability, and opens an opportunity for innovative algorithms. Sound propagation in both motionless and moving media is considered. The split-step spectral algorithm is particularly useful in the latter case since complicated partial derivatives of the sound pressure and medium velocity reduce to wave vectors (essentially, propagation angles) in the spectral domain.

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Singhvi, Punit, Javier García Mainieri, Hasan Ozer, and Brajendra Sharma. Rheology-Chemical Based Procedure to Evaluate Additives/Modifiers Used in Asphalt Binders for Performance Enhancements: Phase 2. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-020.

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The increased use of softer binders in Illinois over the past decade is primarily attributed to the increased use of recycled materials in asphalt pavement construction. The shift in demand of using PG 58-28 over PG 64-22 has resulted in potential alternative methods to produce softer binders more economically using proprietary products. However, there are challenges in using these proprietary products for asphalt modification because of uncertainty in their long-term performance and significant variability in binder chemistry. The current SuperPave performance grading specification for asphalt binders is insufficient in differentiating binders produced from these modifiers. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of various softener-type asphalt binder modifiers using a wide array of rheological and chemistry tests for their integration into the Illinois Department of Transportation’s material specifications. The small-strain rheological tests and their parameters allowed for consistent grouping of modified binders and can be used as surrogates to identify performing and nonperforming asphalt binders. A new parameter, Δ|G*|peak τ, was developed from the linear amplitude sweep test and showed potential to discriminate binders based on their large-strain behavior. Chemistry-based parameters were shown to track aging and formulation changes. The modifier sources were identified using fingerprint testing and were manifested in the modified binder chemical and compositional characteristics. The two sources of base binders blended with the modifiers governed the aging rate of the modified binders. Mixture performance testing using the Illinois Flexibility Index Test and the Hamburg Wheel-Track Test were consistent with the rheological and chemical findings, except for the glycol amine-based modified binder, which showed the worst cracking performance with the lowest flexibility index among the studied modifiers. This was contrary to its superior rheological performance, which may be attributed to lower thermal stability, resulting in high mass loss during mixing. According to the characterization of field-aged binders, laboratory aging of two pressurized aging vessel cycles or more may represent realistic field aging of 10 to 15 years at the pavement surface and is able to distinguish modified binders. Therefore, an extended aging method of two pressurized aging vessel cycles was recommended for modified binders. Two different testing suites were recommended for product approval protocol with preliminary thresholds for acceptable performance validated with field-aged data.

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Snyder, Victor A., Dani Or, Amos Hadas, and S. Assouline. Characterization of Post-Tillage Soil Fragmentation and Rejoining Affecting Soil Pore Space Evolution and Transport Properties. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580670.bard.

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Tillage modifies soil structure, altering conditions for plant growth and transport processes through the soil. However, the resulting loose structure is unstable and susceptible to collapse due to aggregate fragmentation during wetting and drying cycles, and coalescense of moist aggregates by internal capillary forces and external compactive stresses. Presently, limited understanding of these complex processes often leads to consideration of the soil plow layer as a static porous medium. With the purpose of filling some of this knowledge gap, the objectives of this Project were to: 1) Identify and quantify the major factors causing breakdown of primary soil fragments produced by tillage into smaller secondary fragments; 2) Identify and quantify the. physical processes involved in the coalescence of primary and secondary fragments and surfaces of weakness; 3) Measure temporal changes in pore-size distributions and hydraulic properties of reconstructed aggregate beds as a function of specified initial conditions and wetting/drying events; and 4) Construct a process-based model of post-tillage changes in soil structural and hydraulic properties of the plow layer and validate it against field experiments. A dynamic theory of capillary-driven plastic deformation of adjoining aggregates was developed, where instantaneous rate of change in geometry of aggregates and inter-aggregate pores was related to current geometry of the solid-gas-liquid system and measured soil rheological functions. The theory and supporting data showed that consolidation of aggregate beds is largely an event-driven process, restricted to a fairly narrow range of soil water contents where capillary suction is great enough to generate coalescence but where soil mechanical strength is still low enough to allow plastic deforn1ation of aggregates. The theory was also used to explain effects of transient external loading on compaction of aggregate beds. A stochastic forInalism was developed for modeling soil pore space evolution, based on the Fokker Planck equation (FPE). Analytical solutions for the FPE were developed, with parameters which can be measured empirically or related to the mechanistic aggregate deformation model. Pre-existing results from field experiments were used to illustrate how the FPE formalism can be applied to field data. Fragmentation of soil clods after tillage was observed to be an event-driven (as opposed to continuous) process that occurred only during wetting, and only as clods approached the saturation point. The major mechanism of fragmentation of large aggregates seemed to be differential soil swelling behind the wetting front. Aggregate "explosion" due to air entrapment seemed limited to small aggregates wetted simultaneously over their entire surface. Breakdown of large aggregates from 11 clay soils during successive wetting and drying cycles produced fragment size distributions which differed primarily by a scale factor l (essentially equivalent to the Van Bavel mean weight diameter), so that evolution of fragment size distributions could be modeled in terms of changes in l. For a given number of wetting and drying cycles, l decreased systematically with increasing plasticity index. When air-dry soil clods were slightly weakened by a single wetting event, and then allowed to "age" for six weeks at constant high water content, drop-shatter resistance in aged relative to non-aged clods was found to increase in proportion to plasticity index. This seemed consistent with the rheological model, which predicts faster plastic coalescence around small voids and sharp cracks (with resulting soil strengthening) in soils with low resistance to plastic yield and flow. A new theory of crack growth in "idealized" elastoplastic materials was formulated, with potential application to soil fracture phenomena. The theory was preliminarily (and successfully) tested using carbon steel, a ductile material which closely approximates ideal elastoplastic behavior, and for which the necessary fracture data existed in the literature.

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Muxo, Robert, Kevin Whelan, Raul Urgelles, Joaquin Alonso, Judd Patterson, and Andrea Atkinson. Biscayne National Park colonial nesting birds monitoring protocol—Version 1.1. National Park Service, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2290141.

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Breeding colonies of wading birds (orders Ciconiiformes, Pelecaniformes) and seabirds (orders Suliformes, Pelecaniformes) serve as important indicators of aquatic ecosystem health, as they respond to changes in food abundance and quality, contaminants, invasive species, and disturbance. The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan, Restoration Coordination & Verification program (CERP-RECOVER) has identified wading-bird colonies as an important ecosystem restoration indicator. The National Park Service South Florida/Caribbean Inventory & Monitoring Network (SFCN) ranked colonial nesting birds eighth out of 44 vital signs of park natural resource conditions for ecological significance and feasibility. However, while large-scale monitoring efforts are occurring in the rest of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem, only minimal historic data collection and no extensive ongoing monitoring of wading bird and seabird nesting have occurred in Biscayne National Park. Consequently, due to their high importance as biological indicators and because they are a gap occurring in regional monitoring efforts, the network has initiated a monitoring program of colonial nesting birds in Biscayne National Park. This protocol provides the rationale, approach, and detailed Standard Operating Procedures for annual colonial bird monitoring within and close to Biscayne National Park and conforms to the Oakley et al. (2003) guidelines for National Park Service long-term monitoring protocols. The specific objectives of this monitoring program are to determine status and long-term trends in: Numbers and locations of active colonies of colonial nesting birds with a special focus on Double-crested Cormorants, Great Egrets, Great White Herons, Great Blue Herons, White Ibises, and Roseate Spoonbills. Annual peak active nest counts of colonial nesting birds in Biscayne National Park with a special focus on the species mentioned above. An annual nesting index (i.e., sum of monthly nest counts) with a special focus on the species mentioned above. Timing of peak nest counts for the focal species.

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Derbentsev, V., A. Ganchuk, and Володимир Миколайович Соловйов. Cross correlations and multifractal properties of Ukraine stock market. Politecnico di Torino, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1117.

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Recently the statistical characterizations of ﬁnancial markets based on physics concepts and methods attract considerable attentions. The correlation matrix formalism and concept of multifractality are used to study temporal aspects of the Ukraine Stock Market evolution. Random matrix theory (RMT) is carried out using daily returns of 431 stocks extracted from database time series of prices the First Stock Trade System index (www.kinto.com) for the ten-year period 1997-2006. We ﬁnd that a majority of the eigenvalues of C fall within the RMT bounds for the eigenvalues of random correlation matrices. We test the eigenvalues of C within the RMT bound for universal properties of random matrices and ﬁnd good agreement with the results for the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble of random matrices—implying a large degree of randomness in the measured cross-correlation coeﬃcients. Further, we ﬁnd that the distribution of eigenvector components for the eigenvectors corresponding to the eigenvalues outside the RMT bound display systematic deviations from the RMT prediction. We analyze the components of the deviating eigenvectors and ﬁnd that the largest eigenvalue corresponds to an inﬂuence common to all stocks. Our analysis of the remaining deviating eigenvectors shows distinct groups, whose identities correspond to conventionally identiﬁed business sectors. Comparison with the Mantegna minimum spanning trees method gives a satisfactory consent. The found out the pseudoeﬀects related to the artiﬁcial unchanging areas of price series come into question We used two possible procedures of analyzing multifractal properties of a time series. The ﬁrst one uses the continuous wavelet transform and extracts scaling exponents from the wavelet transform amplitudes over all scales. The second method is the multifractal version of the detrended ﬂuctuation analysis method (MF-DFA). The multifractality of a time series we analysed by means of the diﬀerence of values singularity stregth (or Holder exponent) ®max and ®min as a suitable way to characterise multifractality. Singularity spectrum calculated from daily returns using a sliding 250 day time window in discrete steps of 1. . . 10 days. We discovered that changes in the multifractal spectrum display distinctive pattern around signiﬁcant “drawdowns”. Finally, we discuss applications to the construction of crushes precursors at the ﬁnancial markets.

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Sánchez-Páez, David A. Effects of income inequality on COVID-19 infections and deaths during the first wave of the pandemic: Evidence from European countries. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2022.res1.1.

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Evidence from research on infectious diseases suggests that income inequality is related to higher rates of infection and death in disadvantaged population groups. Our objective is to examine whether there was an association between income inequality and the numbers of cases and deaths during the first wave of the COVID- 19 pandemic in European countries. We determined the duration of the first wave by first smoothing the number of daily cases, and then using a LOESS regression to fit the smoothed trend. Next, we estimated quasi-Poisson regressions. Results from the bivariate models suggest there was a moderate positive association between the Gini index values and the cumulated number of infections and deaths during the first wave, although the statistical significance of this association disappeared when controls were included. Results from multivariate models suggest that higher numbers of infections and deaths from COVID-19 were associated with countries having more essential workers, larger elderly populations and lower health care capacities.

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