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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 27 липня 2024
Оновлено: 29 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Landscape changes – england – wiltshire"

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Hubatova, Marie, James McGinlay, David J. Parsons, Joe Morris, and Anil R. Graves. "Assessing Preferences for Cultural Ecosystem Services in the English Countryside Using Q Methodology." Land 12, no. 2 (January 26, 2023): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12020331.

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Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES) are difficult to assess due to the subjective and diverse way in which they are experienced. This can make it difficult to apply CES research to enhance human experience of nature. This study applies Q methodology to group people according to their preferences for CES. The Q methodology survey was carried out with 47 local residents and tourists in Wiltshire, in South West England. Four groups of respondents were identified drawing value from nature through: (1) spiritual benefits and mental well-being (Group 1—Inspired by nature); (2) nature and biodiversity conservation (Group 1—Conserving nature); (3) cultural heritage in multifunctional landscapes (Group 3—Countryside mix); and (4) opportunities for outdoor activities (Group 4—Outdoor pursuits). All four groups stated that benefits from nature were enhanced by actually visiting the countryside, through a better understanding of nature itself, and through a range of sensory experiences. They particularly identified relaxation opportunities as a very important CES benefit. These findings, and the demonstrated use of the Q methodology, could support local planning and landscape management in order to provide accessible and functional landscapes that can provide a range of different CES benefits to people.
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Valdez-Tullett, Andy. "Sheep in Wealth's Clothing: Social Reproduction across the Bronze Age to Iron Age Transition in Wiltshire, Southern England." European Journal of Archaeology 20, no. 4 (April 11, 2017): 663–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eaa.2016.28.

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The circulation of bronze is considered to be the principal vehicle of social reproduction for the later Bronze Age, with significant social investment in trade networks, systems of exchange, and social alliances. Substantial social upheaval is implied by the decline of bronze, as attested by the widespread deposition of hoards towards the end of this period. This article aims to fill a lacuna between the period of peak bronze hoarding and other vectors of change such as the manipulation of grain surpluses or the creation of hillforts. The reorganization of the Wiltshire landscape signifies transformation to a transhumant regime. Animals became increasingly important at the end of the Bronze Age, with daily life revolving around their management, dictating seasonal movement, and interaction. Investment in the social value of animals beyond pure subsistence requirements was a major factor filling the social gap left by the demise of bronze. This was accompanied by changes in the mode of production and the scales of social engagement.
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Day, Cathy. "Geographical Mobility in Wiltshire, 1754-1914." Local Population Studies, no. 88 (June 30, 2012): 50–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35488/lps88.2012.50.

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The aim of this paper is to determine the birthplaces, rather than residences, of spouses married in two parishes in England and to consider the effect of local topography, religion and occupation on pre-marital geographic mobility. A wide array of primary documentary sources was used to construct a database of over 22,000 individuals who lived in south-west Wiltshire in the eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Individuals were arranged in family groups and pedigrees traced for several generations. Data were included on birthplace, religious affiliation, occupation and many other variables. Geographical mobility calculated from birthplace was higher than estimates derived from residence prior to marriage. Brides had shorter marital distances than grooms. There were noticeable changes in the frequency of marital distance at 4 miles and 11 miles. Spouses born outside the parish of marriage were more likely to come from certain villages in ways which cannot be explained merely by distance and size. The Somerset-Wiltshire border formed a barrier, although a porous one, to the flow of marriage partners. Occupation influenced geographical mobility: grooms from higher-status occupational groups were more likely to be born further away than grooms from lower-status occupational groups. Catholic grooms were more likely to be born in the parish of marriage than Protestant grooms, but were also more likely to be born more than 11 miles away.
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Mason, C. F., K. L. Elliot, and S. Clelland. "Landscape changes in a parish in Essex, eastern England, since 1838." Landscape and Urban Planning 14 (January 1987): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-2046(87)90029-6.

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Green, R. E., and C. R. Taylor. "Changes in Stone CurlewBurhinus oedicnemusdistribution and abundance and vegetation height on chalk grassland at Porton Down, Wiltshire." Bird Study 42, no. 3 (November 1995): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00063659509477166.

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Hooke, Della. "The past in the present – remnant open field patterns in England." Tájökológiai Lapok 8, Suppl. 1 (December 30, 2010): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.56617/tl.4048.

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The agricultural landscape forms an important part of Britain’s cultural heritage. Relict field systems cast light upon landscape evolution, often showing the special connections between landscape and people over time. Medieval open field systems represent a method of farming that endured for many hundreds of years, produced through, and dependent upon, community involvement. Most of these landscapes were lost in the period of enclosure in the 18th and 19th centuries as individually held farms replaced such systems; later, the large estates themselves were also frequently broken up. The few survivals of open fields in England are discussed here and the cultural changes associated with landscape change, culminating today in conservation measures to protect such features. Thus the rural landscape reveals the depth of its evolutionary history, contributing towards the rich diversity of England’s regional landscapes and the maintenance of a sound ecological balance, thereby contributing towards the preservation of cultural identity and heritage.
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Sykes, Naomi. "Deer, Land, Knives and Halls: Social Change in Early Medieval England." Antiquaries Journal 90 (September 2010): 175–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581510000132.

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AbstractIt is well known that Anglo-Saxon England witnessed dramatic changes in landscape organization, economy and social structure but this paper aims to demonstrate how a more nuanced appreciation of these transformations can be gained by weaving together different (and superficially incompatible) strands of information. Here zooarchaeological data relating to the distribution and consumption of venison are combined with evidence from studies of weapons, landscape, Old English texts and anthropology. It is argued that, between the fifth and eleventh centuries, Anglo-Saxon society moved from being a culture centred on redistribution, in which the concept of cutting up and sharing permeated every facet of life, to one of closure and privatization, as the elite attempted to distance themselves from the lower classes.
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8

Foxen, Patricia, and Debra Rodman. "Guatemalans in New England: Transnational Communities through Time and Space." Practicing Anthropology 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.34.1.3680361120172836.

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The Guatemalan diaspora has come to form a significant part of the New England landscape and economy since the mid-1980s. This article describes the changes observed by the authors over the past 15 years in the area's Maya communities, focusing both on deleterious processes such as the mass deportations of the Obama period, as well as on the development of new, positive transnational communication modes, and commenting as well on the role of anthropologists as advocates and expert witnesses in the midst of shifting policies and hardened public sentiments toward immigrants.
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Zimpel-Leal, Karla. "Emergent Business Models for Homecare in England." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1402.

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Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine how emergent homecare business models are shaping the care market in England. Homecare providers for older people are facing a rise in demand for their services which is driven not only by an ageing population but also from a market demand for personalised care, choice, continuity of care, and real time availability. Combined with a turbulent political and policy environment, the current care landscape presented an opportunity for innovative and emergent homecare models to establish themselves and in some occasions disrupt the market by offering a more inducing service design and value propositions that better match customers’ needs. Utilizing the Business Model Canvas, this study investigated various emergent models of homecare by using semi-ethnographic methods that included field observation and data collection, a narrative summary review and interviews. It has shown that homecare providers for an ageing customer base are becoming increasingly aware of emerging customer needs and expectations. Disruptive and emergent models such as uberisation, community-based, live-in and preventative models are becoming more pervasive in the current landscape. These models offer major shifts related to their value proposition, partnerships and customer segments. The value propositions are focused on several dimensions of wellbeing outcomes, choice and personalisation, whilst their care workforce is perceived as a major customer segments and their network of partners provides access to complementary services, investments and specialist knowledge. These changes are promoting more flexibility and responsiveness in the care market, enhancing service users’ experience and encouraging workforce development.
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Onggo, Stephan. "Adult Social Care Workforce Analysis in England." International Journal of System Dynamics Applications 1, no. 4 (October 2012): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsda.2012100101.

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Changes in demographic and regulations in social care in England are expected to alter the social care landscape and increase pressure on people working in the adult social care sector, especially those who deliver direct care services. While significant work has been done to understand the demand side of the adult social care system, work on the supply side is considerably limited and analysis has been dominated by methods such as macro- and micro-simulation. This paper demonstrates that system dynamics modelling can be used to understand the dynamics of the social care workforce who deliver direct care services in the formal sector, specifically, to identify the main feedback loops that govern the dynamics of the system, to identify sensitive and influential factors, and to show non-linearity in the system. Therefore, system dynamics should play a more important role in the analysis of adult social care system.
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Дисертації з теми "Landscape changes – england – wiltshire"

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Lewis, C. R. E. "The English house and landscape, 1509-1714 : A study of the social and economic changes which have affected the dwellings and landscape of rural England in the 16. and 17. centuries, with particular reference to North Staffordshire." Thesis, University of Salford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.353984.

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Книги з теми "Landscape changes – england – wiltshire"

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J, Allen Michael, Montague R, and Walker K. E, eds. Stonehenge in its landscape: Twentieth-century excavations. London: English Heritage, 1995.

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Commission, Great Britain Countryside, ed. Changes in landscape features in England and Wales 1947-1985. Cheltenham: Countryside Commission, 1990.

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3

1930-, Coles John, and English Heritage, eds. Fenland survey: An essay in landscape and persistence. London: English Heritage, 1994.

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4

Heritage, English, ed. Images of change: An archaeology of England's contemporary landscape. Swindon: English Heritage, 2007.

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5

Tingle, Martin. The Vale of the White Horse survey: The study of a changing landscape in the clay lowlands of southern England from prehistory to the present. Oxford [England]: Tempus Reparatum, 1991.

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6

W, Cunliffe Barry, Renfrew Colin 1937-, and British Academy, eds. Science and Stonehenge. Oxford: published for the British Academy by Oxford University Press, 1997.

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7

Cleal. Stonehenge in Its Landscape: Twentieth-Century Excavations. Historic England Publishing, 2014.

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8

LANDSCAPE, SETTLEMENT AND SOCIETY IN ROMAN AND EARLY MEDIEVAL WILTSHIRE. OXFORD: ARCHAEOPRESS, 2006.

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9

(Editor), Sally Exon, Vincent Gaffney (Editor), Ann Woodward (Editor), and Ron Yortson (Editor), eds. Stonehenge Landscapes. Archaeopress, 2000.

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10

Landscape Plotted and Pieced: Landscape History and Local Archaeology in Fyfield and Overton, Wiltshire (Society for Antiquaries of London Research Report, 64). Society of Antiquaries of London, 2000.

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Частини книг з теми "Landscape changes – england – wiltshire"

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Batt, Jennifer. "‘Various Beauties overpay my Toil’." In Class, Patronage, and Poetry in Hanoverian England, 115–36. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859666.003.0007.

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This chapter explores how Stephen Duck’s approach to writing about rural landscapes and labour changed in the years after he was awarded patronage by Queen Caroline. The Queen’s support meant that Duck moved from the agricultural fields of Wiltshire to the polite and royal gardens of Richmond and Kew. This chapter traces Duck’s journey from a landscape of labour to a landscape of leisure. How far was it possible for the former farm labourer to reimagine his relationship with the agricultural environment? As this chapter argues, Duck’s writing of the 1730s was preoccupied with examining his newly transformed relationship to agricultural landscapes and polite gardens, and to work and leisure. This was a key means by which he attempted to demonstrate his gratitude to his patrons: he used his writing about labour and landscapes to show how well he had taken advantage of the opportunities they had made available to him.
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Wheatley, David. "Myth, Memento, and Memory: Avebury (Wiltshire, England)." In The Lives of Prehistoric Monuments in Iron Age, Roman, and Medieval Europe. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198724605.003.0013.

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In Christopher Nolan’s film Memento (Nolan 2000), Leonard Shelby— played by Guy Pearce—suffers from anterograde amnesia, which prevents him from generating any new memories. To deal with this, he creates material traces such as Polaroid photographs and notes and he tattoos the most significant facts onto his body. Each time he awakes, he encounters these mementos (notes, images, and tattoos) and must interpret them in order to decide what to do next. He sometimes leaves messages for himself, intended to constrain his future behaviour, but while these messages effect his actions, some of the notes or photos may be lost or destroyed, or he may fail to realize that they have been manipulated or altered. Further, he may not interpret them correctly, so that his actions are not what he intended. Despite his amnesia, however, the past is always implicated in Leonard’s story and it is always changing his future. In some sense, the way that Leonard leaves mementos for himself is a more interesting model for the way that successive human communities encounter the remains of the past than the idea of biographies. Just as on Leonard’s tattooed body, traces of the past such as earthworks and monuments are inscribed onto the landscape, yet oral tradition cannot transmit the detailed meanings of those traces or the intentions of their creators through long sequences of time so that human communities encountering them later are, metaphorically, amnesiacs. Sometimes earthworks and monuments are built with the intention of projecting a particular world-view, constraining future generations to act in particular (‘correct’) ways. Over long periods, however, oral traditions distort, people move away and areas are occupied by new inhabitants with no cultural memory of those intentions or meanings. Just as with Leonard’s tattoos, monuments become mementos that have to be interpreted and situated within a contemporary understanding of the world before meaningful action is possible. If we think of both Leonard’s tattoos and the physical traces of the past as mementos, then it’s worth thinking how these differ from memories.
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Gordon, Robert B. "Community, Culture, and Industrial Ecology." In A Landscape Transformed. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195128185.003.0013.

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The people who settied northwestern Connecticut created an agricultural surplus that allowed them to undertake industrial ventures within a few years of their arrival. Their knowledge of the mechanical arts, coupled with the region’s natural resources, gave them opportunities to make material goods needed by their neighbors. Successive generations continued industrial use of the region’s natural resources over the next two centuries, each making its own choices about how to structure its enterprise within the framework of values and beliefs held separately by individuals and in common within the community. Each had to respond to changes in markets and the advent of new products and techniques. These opportunities, and the participants’ choices about how to use them, combined to create the region’s industrial ecology. Like the rest of the New England hill country, northwestern Connecticut had two abundant, renewable natural resources: streams with steep gradients and reliable flow for waterpower, and forest that covered the large areas that were too steep or too thinly mantled with soil for decent pasture. Millwrights could easily build waterpower systems on the streams, and farmers could manage the forest for continuous production of fuel wood, since it regrew trees to useful size within about twenty years. Unlike other highlands, however, northwestern Connecticut had a unique mineral resource: iron ore beds unmatched elsewhere in New England. Everyone in the newly settled lands and on the frontiers expanding into Vermont and New York in the early eighteenth century needed iron products. As described in chapter 3, individuals throughout the Salisbury district, aided by family members or fluid partnerships, built bloomery forges that they operated as components of their cropping, husbandry, or mercantile enterprises. Nearly every family in Kent and the other new towns had a partner in one of the forges. Individuals lacking metallurgical skills or access to any capital dug ore or cut wood. Others developed their skills as colliers or millwrights. Negotiated exchanges of labor and services among these artisans promoted interdependence within the community. As the colonists in southern New England increasingly mechanized their grain, timber, and cloth production in the mid—eighteenth century, they brought a new opportunity to the ironmakers of the Salisbury disno trict. By making standard parts for grain mills, sawmills, fulling mills, and oil mills that they could distribute widely, Salisbury ironmakers added value to the bar iron they made and enlarged the scope of their market.
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Goldberg, P., and R. I. Macphail. "Micromorphological Evidence of Middle Pleistocene Landscape and Climatic Changes from Southern England: Westbury-Sub-Mendip, Somerset and Boxgrove, W. Sussex." In Soil Micro-Morphology: A Basic and Applied Science, Proceedings of the VIIIth International Working Meeting of Soil Micromorphology, 441–47. Elsevier, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-2481(08)70359-3.

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Stacy, Jason. "Origin Stories." In Spoon River America, 10–24. University of Illinois Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252043833.003.0002.

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Chapter 1 explores the nineteenth-century myth of the New England village. Fueled by middle-class ambivalence toward the growth of American cities and changes in the economy during the generation before the Civil War, popular newspapers like the New York Herald; authors and poets like Ralph Waldo Emerson, Margaret Fuller, Henry David Thoreau, and Walt Whitman; historians like Joel Parker; landscape architects like A. J. Downing; and popular preachers like Henry Ward Beecher constructed a nostalgic vision of rural life where the New England countryside served as a repository of eternal American values. In the aftermath of the Civil War, this myth became especially prevalent as the founding of New England displaced the Virginia Colony as the mythological site of the nation’s birth.
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Schoenfeldt, Michael. "The Sixteenth to the Seventeenth Century." In The Oxford History of Poetry in English, 587–98. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830696.003.0033.

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This chapter explores some of the remarkable changes in literary style and substance that occur around the turn of the sixteenth to the seventeenth century. A period of immense religious anxiety and political volatility, the beginning of the seventeenth century is also marked by a change in monarchs when Elizabeth I dies in 1603. On close inspection, the turn of the seventeenth century appears to be not an arbitrary chronological demarcation but rather something of a watershed moment in the literary and political landscape of England, marking changes both seismic and glacial. The chapter analyses how the Elizabethan heritage of Petrarchan poetry becomes the seedbed for the metaphysical lyrics of the seventeenth century.
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Lovegrove, Roger. "In on the Act—searching the record." In Silent Fields, 79–99. Oxford University PressOxford, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198520719.003.0006.

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Abstract In England and Wales, long before the establishment of the large game estates, dramatic changes to the landscape through the removal of forest cover, drainage of wetlands, and conversion of land to agriculture had already removed huge areas of natural habitat for many species. Mammals such as Pine Marten and Wild Cat, and birds including harriers and eagles had already been pushed back into their final refuges. We have already considered the impact that the fur trade had on a range of fur-bearing mammals. It is necessary now to concentrate on the third major factor, that of deliberate persecution, to establish the legal framework that was put in place in the sixteenth century for statutory control of these ‘vermin’, and to examine the processes of implementation of those laws through the parishes.
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C. Hoekwater, Joshua, Amy M. Villamagna, Brigid C. O’Donnell, Tyson R. Morrill, Ben J. Nugent, and Jared B. Lamy. "Timber and Trout: An Examination of the Logging Legacy and Restoration Efforts in Headwater Streams in New England (USA)." In Inland Waters - Ecology, Limnology and Environmental Protection [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1005113.

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The forested landscape of New England (USA) was dramatically altered by logging during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Although the northern temperate forests of the region have largely regenerated, the streams and rivers remain impacted. The loss of terrestrial wood, organic material, and nutrient inputs during the forest regeneration period has affected habitat quality and biotic communities, most notably in small headwater streams. The same waterways are further impacted by now undersized stream crossings, mostly culverts associated with old infrastructure that alter hydrology and sediment transport; moreover, these culverts have created barriers to the movement of riverine organisms. We synthesize literature on headwater stream wood additions and culvert removal in North America and discuss observed patterns in organic matter, benthic macroinvertebrates, and Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) from before and after wood additions and stream-crossing enhancements in a previously logged watershed in New England. There were minimal changes to habitat and substrate two years after restoration efforts. However, streams with wood additions retained a higher density of rafted organic matter and had significantly higher benthic macroinvertebrate density. Additionally, two years after restoration, one year-old Brook Trout were significantly longer in restored streams than prior to restoration. Collectively, these results document a relatively rapid increase in organic matter retention, macroinvertebrates, and Brook Trout size, soon after restoration efforts.
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Sime, Stuart. "Inherent Jurisdiction and the Limits of Civil Procedure." In Principles, Procedure, and Justice, 269–90. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198850410.003.0014.

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This chapter considers the modern scope and limitations on the use of the court’s inherent jurisdiction in common law jurisdictions. It considers the underlying juridical basis for the jurisdiction, and the underlying theories, namely that residuary powers were vested in the High Court in England and Wales by the Judicature Acts, and that all courts have inherent powers to prevent abuse of process. It considers the ramifications of the distinction between inherent jurisdiction and inherent powers. Changes in the legal landscape since the seminal articles by Master Jacob and Professor Dockray, including the codification of civil procedure in many common law jurisdictions, and modern understanding of the rule of law and the separation of powers, are considered. It is argued that while existing applications of the inherent jurisdiction should be retained, it is no longer acceptable for the English High Court, and equivalent courts in other jurisdictions, to generate new procedural law by resorting to the inherent jurisdiction.
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Rippon, Stephen. "The native British." In Kingdom, Civitas, and County. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759379.003.0016.

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By the fourth century AD, the landscape of Roman Britain was densely settled and archaeological surveys and excavations have consistently shown that most lowland areas supported farming communities, including on the heavier claylands (Smith et al. 2016). Thereafter the character of the archaeological record changes dramatically with the appearance of settlements, cemeteries, and material culture whose ‘Anglo-Saxon’ cultural affinities lay in northern Germany and southern Scandinavia (Chapters 8–9). All too often, however, ‘Anglo-Saxon’ England is discussed in a way that implies that settlements characterized by Grubenhäuser and cemeteries furnished with Germanic grave goods were characteristic of the whole of eastern England (e.g. Welch 1992; Lucy 2000; Tipper 2004; Hamerow 2012), whereas detailed local studies have suggested that this was not the case. In areas such as Sussex (Welch 1983) and Lincolnshire (Green 2012) evidence for Anglo-Saxon colonization has only been found in certain parts of the landscape, and the potential reasons for ‘blank’ spots in the distribution of Anglo-Saxon settlement are complex: they may in part simply reflect areas where there has been less archaeological investigation, or that these areas were unattractive for settlement. There is, however, another possibility: that these distributions are not a record of where people were and were not living, but a reflection of how the cultural identity of early medieval communities varied from area to area, and that some of these identities are archaeologically less visible than others. There has long been speculation that at least some of the ‘blank areas’ in the distributions of Anglo-Saxon settlements and cemeteries reflect the places where native British populations remained in control of the landscape. West (1985, 168), for example, noted the lack of early Anglo-Saxon settlement on the East Anglian claylands, and speculated that this is where a substantial Romano- British population remained: ‘did they survive somehow, perhaps in a basically aceramic condition, or were they, in the main, drawn to the new settlements on the lighter soils to become slaves or some subordinate stratum of society, as indicated by later documentary evidence, or was the population drastically reduced by pestilence or genocide?’ (West 1985, 168).
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Landscape changes – england – wiltshire"

1

Wang, Di, and Jianyi Zheng. "Comparison of Urban Form based on different city walls between Quanzhou and Newcastle." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5061.

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Quanzhou in south-eastern China was built in the Sui Dynasty, having more than 1,000 years of history. Its urban development led to the triple walls in a different period of time. Its unique landscape of multiple walls is a one of the Chinese ancient city patterns. However, the massive stone-built city wall pattern like Newcastle also has more than 1000, years of history in western cities .City walls maintain the preeminence as the city’s most powerful fixation line. The expansion of the wall in Quanzhou shows how the time-space changes, while Newcastle' s fringe belt is relatively stable, which forms a different urban form. This article mainly compares the following aspects: (1) The development of Quanzhou fringe belt; (2) Differences of fringe belts between the multiple walls city and the sole wall city; (3) Differences of land use in intramural zone between two cities. This paper analyzes the differences of fringe belts caused by city walls between Quanzhou, (China) and Newcastle, (England), and their influence on the urban form between the East and the West.
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