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Статті в журналах з теми "Land use Environmental aspects Victoria"
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BOON, S., and J. R. DODSON. "Environmental response to land use at Lake Curlip, East Gippsland, Victoria." Australian Geographical Studies 30, no. 2 (October 1992): 206–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8470.1992.tb00742.x.
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Dudych, L., and H. Dudych. "ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE USA EXPERIENCE ON LAND USE." Vìsnik L’vìvs’kogo nacìonal’nogo agrarnogo unìversitetu. Arhìtektura ì sìl’s’kogospodars’ke budìvnictvo 23, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31734/architecture2022.01.155.
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Antoninova, Natalia, Lyubov Shubina, Artem Sobenin, and Albert Usmanov. "Modern aspects of disturbed land reclamation." E3S Web of Conferences 192 (2020): 03019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019203019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The urgency of solving environmental problems of disturbed territories is obvious in connection with the accumulation of a huge amount of waste from mining and metallurgical industries, deposited in slime and tailings dumps, overburden dumps, slags and substandard raw materials. Environmental rehabilitation of such territories is determined by both the possible long-term existence of such objects and the prospect of their reuse. In this regard, the use of new geosynthetic materials, the most promising and effective method of restoring ecological characteristics of the areas of violations of land, based on the implementation of the principle of least possible scope of application of topsoil and vegetation established, carrying out sanitary-hygienic function, contributes to the improvement of the environment in the areas of enterprise functioning. The article presents the results of applied research on the reclamation of the horizon the shortage of topsoil, or when you use the fertile layer, exposed to long-term storage in dumps. And the planting of grass vegetation on the recultivated surface that corresponds to the regional nature of environmental optimization measures, taking into account zonal features, will ensure the creation of sod that stops the processes of deflation and water erosion.
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Mansergh, Ian. "North central Victoria – climate change and land-use: potentials for third century in a timeless land." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 122, no. 2 (2010): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rs10024.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
For the 21st century, scenarios of future climate under global warming suggest that Bassian-Eyrean bioclimatic region of northern Victoria, centred on the North Central Catchment Management Authority (NCCMA), will become markedly warmer and drier. Significant climate change is a real possibility midcentury and some basic bio-physical attributes underpinning the current ecology, land-use and management will be altered. Societal adaptation to climate change will include enhancing landscape resilience and changes to the mix of inter-related ecosystem services. The increasing understanding of these inter-relationships will allow for the creation of a more holistic quantification and production of landscape services. In combination, these challenge the past land-use paradigm on the driest, inhabited continent. Following the mid-19th century gold rushes, land-use in the NCCMA represented the epitome of the colonial land-use paradigm through clearing for agriculture and pastoralism. Victoria has long had the highest percentage private land of any Australian state. The NCCMA catchment is the most denuded of native vegetation, with the smallest percentage of public land and conservation reserves, and is now the centre of a continental concentration of bioregions under high environmental stress. The original primacy of agriculture was fulfilled, sometimes under adverse circumstances, but resultant landscape legacies persist within the relative economic decline of Australian agriculture. The amelioration of these within a future land stewardship that is water-stressed, carbon constrained and prone to extreme weather events is a major challenge. Exploring landscape adaptation, the simple questions arise: From what? To what? This contribution examines broad land-use in the NCCMA in the long term context of climate change and adaptation, land-use and the perceived valuation of ecosystem services from the landscape. The increasing realisation of the interconnectedness of these phenomena and the necessity for ecologically sustainable agriculture provide enhanced drivers for the evolution of new landscape meanings in the context of an inter-generational equity and climate change response.
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Tiutiunnyk, Hanna. "Economic and environmental aspects of organization the territory of ecologically clean agricultural land." Economics, ecology, socium 2, no. 1 (March 29, 2018): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2018.2.1-6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. The foundation of the creation of ecologically clean land masses is the economic organization of the territory. The leading component of ecologically safe land use is the need to determine the suitability of land soils for the cultivation of raion crops and the maintenance of maximum soil quality adapted to the quality of crop rotation.
Aim and tasks. In the article the purpose of planning the organization of land mass structures is determined. The task of the internal land management is to formulate a strategy for using land masses that would maximally focus on the actions of land users in optimizing, transforming and using land to the natural conditions of the region.
Research results. Measures to create ecologically pure land masses are carried out directly at agricultural enterprises, therefore, agricultural land use is a prerequisite for them. The organization of agricultural land use envisages for business entities, the establishment of a warehouse, the transformation of lands and conservation of degraded and low productivity land, which at the present stage has become the most effective factor in the environmental optimization of land use. Agroecological organization of the territory includes measures on four systemic properties of agroecosystems: productivity, stability, stability and uniformity. All four properties are interrelated in agroecosystems. Without these links it is impossible to organize the territory in order to create conditions for rational use and protection of land, which is demanded by the agricultural land management system.
Conclusion. In the article the necessity of characterization of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of lands is grounded in order to find out the influence of the creation of the land mass and the appearance of possible dangers. The basic stages of the transition to environmentally safe agriculture and the formation of ecologically clean land masses have been determined. The types of development of the land mass are described: one-time and step-by-step. The complex problems that may be encountered by an enterprise of any ownership type in the transition to the maintenance of ecologically pure agriculture are determined. Creation of ecologically pure massifs of lands and agroecological organization of the territory includes a system of measures for the adaptation of agricultural production, agriculture to the peculiarities of the natural environment, along with the system of levers of state management of rational ecologically safe use of agricultural land. So the necessity of state support and motivation for enterprises planning to switch to the production of ecologically clean products and the formation of ecologically clean land masses has been substantiated.
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Kuzmich, N. P. "Socio-ecological-economic aspects of effective land use in agriculture." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 839, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 022018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/839/2/022018.
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Abstract Nowadays, agricultural enterprises operate in difficult socio-economic conditions, but even taking this into account, they must minimize the negative impact of their activities on the environment. The article deals with the problems and tasks of the ecological direction in agriculture. At the same time, land administration mechanisms continue to improve. The article deals with the issues of normative regulation of the main directions of the greening of agriculture in the field of the use of land resources. As a result of the study, it was concluded that it is necessary to strengthen the role of the state in the socio-ecological-economic direction, in the development of technologies with environmental potential. The role of environmental education, the need for the formation of new environmental thinking is noted. Measures are proposed to preserve the environment, the effective functioning of agricultural enterprises, taking into account social, environmental and economic factors. The purpose of this research is to improve the theory and practice of effective land use in agriculture. The main research methods used in writing this article are observation, analysis and synthesis, a systematic approach.
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Tsybulska, S., N. Hradovych, and R. Paraniak. "Scientific and practical aspects of land use optimization in the agrosphere." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 22, no. 93 (September 30, 2020): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-a9316.
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The article presents modern literature data on the need to improve the development of agricultural lands, taking into account the current state of agriculture. Paying attention to this issue requires special attention, as it has acquired not only theoretical but also practical significance. Intensification of negative tendencies of anthropogenic influence on edaphotope lead to a number of ecological crises of global character. We analyzed the state of land use of Lviv region and reflected the main problems of land use optimization. The dynamics of changes that took place in the structure of the land fund by types of lands is shown. An extremely important component of sustainable development of society is the quality of life provided by the continuous development of environmental innovations. The destruction of the structure of the edaphotope of the region causes the emergence and development of environmental crises and catastrophes. Preservation of high potential and quality functioning of edaphos requires changes to the constant effective maintenance of balance, which should be based on the principles of sustainable harmonious development and rationalization of land resources. In terms of regions of aridity coefficients according to research, it can be argued that natural and climatic conditions have a direct impact on the efficiency of agricultural production. Such results require a review of technologies, their modernization and the development of recommendations for their adaptation. Resource-saving land use of new territorial entities in the post-reform period includes two factors – economic and environmental. For proper organization and optimization of land holdings, it is advisable to create agro-landscapes with a clearly planned structure, which should take into account the ratio of functional-territorial orientation, economic assessment and environmental safety. This means that the main and main goal of harmonious targeted use should take into account a number of indicators of the land use system, which requires special attention to agroecosystems in the interdependent close development of environmental and economic aspects. No less important is the environmental factor of land use, as further ignoring it can create economic collapse. In this regard, the most important requirement of the time is the development, improvement and widespread implementation of resource- and energy-saving, environmentally friendly farming systems. Ecological tolerance of certain territories of land resources should be laid down in the process of designing land management developments, paying special attention to the properties of landscape ecosystems, taking into account adjacent land plots. In particular, in order to preserve the balance of agricultural landscapes, it is necessary to implement a set of preventive measures.
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Kiggundu, Nicholas, Listowel Abugri Anaba, Noble Banadda, Joshua Wanyama, and Isa Kabenge. "Assessing Land Use and Land Cover Changes in the Murchison Bay Catchment of Lake Victoria Basin in Uganda." Journal of Sustainable Development 11, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v11n1p44.
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The Murchison Bay catchment in the northern shoreline of Lake Victoria basin is a high valued ecosystem because of the numerous human-related activities it supports in Uganda. The catchment has undergone tremendous human-induced land use/cover changes, which have not been quantified. This study aimed at quantifying the land use/cover changes as well as the rate at which these changes occurred over the last three decades in the catchment. This was achieved using remote sensing techniques and Geographic Information System (GIS) to analyse and contextualize the changes. To that effect, images of Landsat satellites MSS, TM, ETM+ and OLI were interpreted using supervised image classification technique to determine the land use/land cover changes from 1984 to 2015. The obtained results indicated that the catchment has undergone huge land use and land cover transformations over the last three decades attributable to rapid population growth and urbanization. The prevailing changes in footprint between 1984 and 2015 were expansions of built–up land (20.58% to 49.59%) and open water bodies (not detected in 1984 to 1.74%), and decreases in the following sectors: agricultural lands (from 43.88% to 26.10%), forestland (from 23.78% to 17.49%), and wetlands (from 11.76% to 5.08%). The changes pose a threat to the environment and water quality of the Murchison Bay and consequently increases National Water and Sewerage Corporation water treatment costs. Therefore, there is the need to take critical and practical measures to regulate and police land use, water use rights and conserve the environment especially wetlands.
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Onyango, Dancan O., Christopher O. Ikporukpo, John O. Taiwo, and Stephen B. Opiyo. "Monitoring the extent and impacts of watershed urban development in the Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya, using a combination of population dynamics, remote sensing and GIS techniques." Environmental & Socio-economic Studies 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/environ-2021-0007.
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Abstract Several urban centres of different sizes have developed over time, and continue to grow, within the basin of Lake Victoria. Uncontrolled urban development, especially along the lake shore, puts environmental pressure on Lake Victoria and its local ecosystem. This study sought to monitor the extent and impacts of urban development (as measured by population growth and built-up land use/land cover) in the Lake Victoria basin, Kenya, between 1978 and 2018. Remote sensing and GIS-based land use/land cover classification was conducted to extract change in built-up areas from Landsat 3, 4, 5 and 8 satellite imagery obtained for the month of January at intervals of ten years. Change in population distribution and density was analysed based on decadal census data from the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics between 1979 and 2019. A statistical regression model was then estimated to relate population growth to built-up area expansion. Results indicate that the basin’s built-up area has expanded by 97% between 1978 and 2018 while the population increased by 140% between 1979 and 2019. Urban development was attributed to the rapidly increasing population in the area as seen in a positive statistical correlation (R2=0.5744) between increase in built-up area and population growth. The resulting environmental pressure on the local ecosystem has been documented mainly in terms of degradation of lake water quality, eutrophication and aquatic biodiversity loss. The study recommends the enactment and implementation of appropriate eco-sensitive local legislation and policies for sustainable urban and rural land use planning in the area. This should aim to control and regulate urban expansion especially in the immediate shoreline areas of the lake and associated riparian zones.
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Campbell, Lachlan. "Wimmera River (Victoria, Australia) – Increasing Use of a Diminishing Resource." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0058.
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The Wimmera River is central western Victoria's most important river, rising in the Grampians National Park, filling storages that supply the major water supply to the vast Wimmera and Mallee regions. It passes through the Little Desert National Park, an area of significant scenic, recreation, historical and conservation value and terminates in Victoria's largest inland freshwater lakes (Lakes Hindmarsh and Albacutya). The brittleness of the whole closed Wimmera River system, and the over committal of the water resources was brought to the public's attention when appeals were lodged against the proposal to licence a discharge of high standard secondary effluent from an extended aeration oxidation ditch and lagoon treatment facility at Horsham. Residents, user and community groups, Municipal Councils and Government Departments, aware of the deterioration of the Wimmera River had somewhere to focus their attention. Victoria's and possibly Australia's longest environmental appeal, lasting twenty-five days, and a State Environment Protection Policy, determined that all major point sources of nutrients should be removed from the River. More resources for clearing of unwanted emergent weeds, more facilities for protection of Crown Land and catchments generally, and the implementation of environmental summer flows as piping of the Wimmera-Mallee Stock and Domestic System proceeds, are all required. A River Management Board with strength, wealth, good public relations and a dedication to the task could make the Wimmera River an example for all Australia and a tourist attraction of immense value to the region.
Дисертації з теми "Land use Environmental aspects Victoria"
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Chan, Yuet-ling, and 陳月玲. "Reclamation and pollution in Hong Kong with special reference to Victoria Harbour." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254494.
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Yuen, Ping-shu Gomez, and 袁秉樞. "Is reclamation necessary in Victoria Harbour?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254810.
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林景光 and King-kong Lam. "Environmental impact assessment: impact on land-use & infrastructure design." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980211.
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Prescott, Graham William. "Effects of land-use, landscape configuration, and management practice on biodiversity in tropical agricultural landscapes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709023.
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Johnson, Peter Ingraham. "Environmental Values and Conflict: The Decision-Making Process and Environmental Communication for a Town-Owned Ski Area in the Northeast." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2009. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/JohnsonPI2009.pdf.
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Setterlin, Cathy. "Connecting With Nature Through Land Use Decision Making." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1206642069.
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Winkworth, Cynthia Lee, and n/a. "Land use and Giardia in Otago." University of Otago. Department of Zoology, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20081219.162139.
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Agriculture is key to New Zealand�s economy with land-use conversions in response to market forces occurring regularly. Recently, high-intensity dairy farming has replaced low-density livestock farming, often degrading surrounding waterways. Of particular concern is that dairy cattle can be a source of the parasite Giardia, which in humans is a common cause of gastrointestinal infection. Thus, this thesis evaluated whether dairy farm conversions posed significant consequences for public health.
First I examined the prevalence of Giardia in calves in a rapidly intensifying dairying region of New Zealand. A total of 1190 faecal samples were collected from calves one to seven weeks old during two spring calving seasons and screened by direct immunofluorescent microscopy. Giardia cysts were detected in 31% of samples.
To evaluate the potential risk that this environmental source of Giardia posed to the human population, molecular genotyping was used to compare forty Giardia strains isolated from calves with thirty isolates from humans collected in the same region and period. Sequencing the β-giardin gene, Giardia duodenalis assemblages A and B were identified from both hosts, with genotype comparisons revealing substantial overlap of identical genotypes for both assemblages, implying zoonotic transmission.
Environmental agencies routinely promote the planting of streamside edges to decrease nonpoint pollution from dairy farms entering waterways. However, current methods for tracking pathogens across farmland and into waterways via surface runoff are limited and typically have been developed using artificially created landscapes. Furthermore, no studies have investigated how Giardia moves across the landscape in farm surface runoff. I developed a field-based tracking method specific for Giardia and used this technique to compare the ability of recently planted vegetation strips with bare soil strips cleared of vegetation at decreasing pathogen concentrations; a typical scenario when planting barriers to reduce waterway contamination. A spike containing a bromide tracer and inactivated Giardia cysts was applied in drip-irrigated surface runoff, with one-minute samples collected from the bottom of the plot. A significant treatment effect was identified for Giardia, with 26% fewer detected in runoff from the planted strip, highlighting the immediate benefit of vegetation planting in removing pathogens.
Next I evaluated the effects of four riparian treatments on Giardia runoff: exotic pasture grass and weeds growing in the absence of cattle grazing due to fencing, in comparison to monocultural plantings of three New Zealand native grassland species. Runoff experiments were performed after planting, both prior to and following the main summer growing season. Bromide recovery was high from all four treatments (54 - 99%), with no significant treatment effects. By comparison, Giardia recovery was low (1 - 13%). Prior to summer, two native species reduced Giardia in runoff more than the pasture grass/weed treatment which was almost vegetation-free at this time. After summer, Giardia recoveries were uniformly lower in all treatments. These results demonstrate that after one growing season, fencing waterways produces riparian buffers, via the growth of exotic pasture plants released from grazing, that decrease pathogen concentrations in surface runoff to concentrations indistinguishable from native plantings.
Given infectious organisms are known to be in the environment, it is important to assess the risk these pose to human populations. Findings from this research can be used to improve currently available risk-assessment models for Giardia transmission from infected dairy animals via water to humans.
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Schelhas, John William Jr. "Socio-economic and biological aspects of land use adjacent to Braulio Carrillo National Park, Costa Rica." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185452.
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Many national parks in lesser developed countries are threatened by adjacent human land uses. To meet both social and environmental needs, effective programs must be implemented to manage lands adjacent to national parks for conservation and development. This requires careful analysis of the socio-economic aspects of existing land use patterns and their implications for biological conservation. Research was undertaken adjacent to Braulio Carrillo National Park, Costa Rica. The biological integrity of the park depends on maintenance of natural habitats on lands adjacent to the lowland sector of the park. Existing lowland forest habitat adjacent to the park is rapidly being converted to pasture. Protecting the park's lowland biological resources depends on both stopping the influx of colonists into the area and encouraging land uses with biological conservation value outside the park. Both these issues are explored in detail. The rationale behind existing land uses in the region is discussed in relation to socio-economic variables identified from the literature on land use choice in Latin America. Large landholders generally engage in beef cattle ranching, frequently in association which land speculation. Small landholders prefer dairy cattle for cheese production is due to its low risk, stable markets, and the possibility of gradual and reversible entry. Smaller cattle operations use land more intensively, but by investing more labor appear to achieve sustainability. More intensive cash cropping is often combined with cattle to increase overall income. Timber production shows potential to partially replace cattle as an extensive, low risk land use. The impact of different adjacent land uses on park biological resources was assessed through a survey of biologists familiar with the region. The two land uses of greatest benefit to park resources were completely protected forest and natural forest management for timber production. The two land uses causing greatest harm to park resources were annual crops and pasture. Two management options for conservation and development adjacent to the park are proposed: (1) a forest buffer, and (2) a mosaic of different land uses, including pasture, perennial crops, and forest.
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Man, Yu Bon. "Risk assessment of soils after changing agricultural land use in Hong Kong." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2011. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1227.
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Von, Maltitz Graham Paul. "Biofuel, land-use tradeoffs and livelihoods in Southern Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021005.
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The rapid expansion of biofuel projects in southern Africa creates an opportune issue against which to examine land-use tradeoffs within the areas of customary land tenure. For this an ecosystems services approach is used. Jatropha curcas (L), a perennial oilseed plant which has been the key focus of most of the region’s biofuel expansion to date is used as the focus biofuel crop for which case study data were obtained from Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and South Africa. Despite the initial enthusiasm for jatropha, most projects have proven less successful than hoped, and many have collapsed. A few are, however, still showing signs of possible success and it is two of these that form the basis of the case studies. Hugely complex tradeoffs are involved when considering biofuel as a land-use option for communal areas. They range from global impacts such as biodiversity and global climate forcing, through national concerns of rural development, national food security and national fuel security, to local household concerns around improving livelihoods. Land that is converted to biofuel needs to be removed from some previous use, and in the southern African case it is typically woodlands and the multitude of services they provide, that suffer. The nature of the tradeoffs and the people affected change over the scale under consideration. For the local farmer it is only the local issues that are of concern, but national and global forces will change the policy environment and lead to new types of development such as biofuels. Change is inevitable, and in all developments there are likely to be both winners and losers. It is clear that the impacts arising from biofuel are situation dependent, and each community and location has unique social and environmental considerations that need to be taken into account. In the case of jatropha the final realised yield and the economic returns that this can generate, will be of critical importance and remain one of the main uncertainties. There are promising signs that under certain circumstances the balance of benefits from jatropha biofuel may be positive, but if implemented incorrectly or in the wrong place, there is extensive evidence of total project failure. It is clear that evidence-based data and assessment tools are needed to assist communities, developers and government departments to make sound decisions around biofuel (or other land-use based) development. A number of such tools are suggested in the thesis. Both the use of large-scale plantations or small-scale farmer centred projects have their advantages and disadvantages. It is probable that in the correct circumstances either can work. However, large-scale plantations can have huge negative social and environmental consequences if poorly implemented. Small-scale projects, though improving livelihoods, are unlikely to take the farmers out of poverty. Tradeoffs from any land-use change are inevitable. Empirical data on biofuel impacts on the environment and society are needed for the development of sound policy. A favourable policy environment can ensure that positive benefits from biofuel are obtained, whilst minimising negative impacts. To develop this policy means that southern African countries will have to clearly understand what they wish to achieve from biofuel, as well as having a clear understanding of impacts from biofuel implementation. Sound scientific knowledge needs to underpin this process. For instance governments may wish to increase the ratio of small-scale to large-scale plantation to increase the developmental benefits, ensure biofuel is used to promote national fuel security rather than being exported, or develop a medium-scale farming sector which can help move farmers out of poverty and assist in developing a market surplus of agricultural commodities. Analysing impacts from biofuel expansion is a complex and multi-dimensional problem and as such will require multi-criteria analysis tools to develop solutions. Global, national and local tradeoffs must all be considered. In addition a wide range of stakeholders are involved and participatory processes may be needed to capture their inputs. Tools to better analyse impacts, specifically at the local level are needed. These local results need to feed into national level economic assessments. The cost of biofuel introduction should be considered against the costs of not implementing biofuel, realising that doing nothing also has a cost and long-term impact. Third-party certification provides a useful tool for shifting costs of ensuring compliance with social and environmental legislation, from the state to biofuel companies. In addition ongoing monitoring and evaluation of existing projects is needed to learn from successes and failures, to identify unintended consequences, and to increase the resilience of projects, community livelihoods and the national economy. This will have to be supplemented with additional focused and ongoing research.
Книги з теми "Land use Environmental aspects Victoria"
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Use of land. New York: Thomson Learning, 1993.
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author, Redlin Janice L., ed. Land use. New York: AV2 by Weigl, 2014.
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Herda, D. J. Land use and abuse. New York: F. Watts, 1990.
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C, Denman Alexander, and Penrod Oliver M, eds. Land use policy. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.
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Greenhalgh, Suzie. The land use, land-use change, and forestry guidance for GHG project accounting. Washington, D.C: World Resources Institute, 2006.
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Environmental land use planning and management. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2011.
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Honachefsky, William B. Land planner's environmental handbook. Park Ridge, N.J., U.S.A: Noyes Publications, 1991.
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Land use considerations in urban environmental management. Washington, D.C: Published for the Urban Management Programme by the World Bank, 1994.
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1926-, Dhar T. N., Society for Himalayan Environmental Rehabilitation and Peoples' Action (India), and U.P. Land Use Board., eds. Himalayan land-use: The peoples' dimension. Lucknow, U.P., India: Society for Himalayan Environmental Rehabilitation and People's Action, 1996.
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Box, Thadis W. Sustainable land use and cultural change. [Flagstaff]: School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, 1993.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Land use Environmental aspects Victoria"
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Chartier, Philippe. "Non-Food Production: Economic, Environmental and Land Use Aspects." In European Agricultural Research in the 21st Century, 138–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03692-1_21.
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Nijkamp, P., and F. Soeteman. "Dynamics in Land Use Patterns: Socio-Economic and Environmental Aspects of the Second Agricultural Land Use Revolution." In The GeoJournal Library, 153–75. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3290-9_7.
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Bayram, Alper, and Antonino Marvuglia. "A Web-Based Dashboard for Estimating the Economic and Ecological Impacts of Land Use Class Changes for Key Land Patches." In Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2022 Workshops, 281–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10545-6_20.
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AbstractThe increasing pressure on land coming from the raising needs of a fast-growing population puts public and private landowners and decision makers in front of difficult choices concerning the best use of limited land resources. On one hand, agricultural land and grassland need to be used to support human food requirements. On the other hand, these land uses create trade-offs with other ecosystem functions, assets and services, such as ecological connectivity, biodiversity and natural habitat maintenance. In this paper a prototype web-based dashboard is presented, that aims at allowing a fully-fledged calculation of the economic and environmental trade-offs between different land uses of any land patch (excluding urban areas and infrastructures) and in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. An agent-based model (ABM) coupled with life-cycle assessment (LCA) runs on the background of the dashboard. The coupled model allows the simulation of the farm business and the calculation of the revenues made by farmers in every land patch under different farm management scenarios. Crossing the information coming from the model with other tools would also allow to integrate local environmental trade-offs, such as degradation of local habitats or ecological connectivity, and not only global ones defined in a non-spatialized way. The dashboard has a potentially high value to inform policy, strategies, or specific actions (e.g., environmental stewardship programs that integrate economic convenience as a condition) and has the necessary flexibility to integrate new aspects related to territorial analyses as they become available.
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Karner, Katrin, Hermine Mitter, and Martin Schönhart. "A Conceptualized Land Use System and Data to Support Integrated Landscape Assessments in Austria." In Alpine Landgesellschaften zwischen Urbanisierung und Globalisierung, 211–27. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-36562-2_12.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractIntegrated landscape assessments allow to analyze land use systems with high temporal and spatial resolution while considering socioeconomic and biophysical aspects. The proper definition of the land use system at the landscape scale and the availability of input data are prerequisites for such assessments. We develop a conceptualized land use system including farm scale factors, socioeconomic and sociocultural factors as well as environmental factors. We research available data sources related to the land use system and tailored to integrated landscape scale assessments and identify data gaps for Austria as a case study. Finally, we discuss options to improve data availability and quality, e.g., by seeking support from stakeholders. In interdisciplinary research, it is challenging to include all factors relevant to the land use system, and hence careful selection is required according to research scope, scale, and data availability.
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Fang, Wei-Ta, Arba’at Hassan, and Ben A. LePage. "Environmental Ethics: Modelling for Values and Choices." In Sustainable Development Goals Series, 151–74. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4234-1_6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe framework of environmental ethics is built, challenging the way we view or interpret environmental education through the eyes of different stakeholders. In this chapter we consider aspects of land and ecological ethics as well as pedagogy as they relate to environmental ethics to form modelling. We classify that environmental ethics are “anthropocentrism,” or the human-centeredapproach; “biocentrism,” or the life-centered approach; and “ecocentrism,” or the ecosystem-centered approach. Environmental paradigms are explored, which include the theories and practices regarding to environmental ethics, new environmental, ecological and behavioral paradigms, and paradigm shifts. Regarding to our choices from environmental values and concerns, we may use a model to detect our problem-solving approach to identify environmental problems we face and, find our practical needs and implement solutions toward sustainability.
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DeClerck, Fabrice A. J., Izabella Koziell, Tim Benton, Lucas A. Garibaldi, Claire Kremen, Martine Maron, Cristina Rumbaitis Del Rio, et al. "A Whole Earth Approach to Nature-Positive Food: Biodiversity and Agriculture." In Science and Innovations for Food Systems Transformation, 469–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15703-5_25.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractAgriculture is the largest single source of environmental degradation, responsible for over 30% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, 70% of freshwater use and 80% of land conversion: it is the single largest driver of biodiversity loss (Foley JA, Science 309:570–574, 2005, Nature 478:337–342, 2011; IPBES. Global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. IPBES Secretariat, Bonn, 2019; Willett W et al. The Lancet 393:447–492, 2019). Agriculture also underpins poor human health, contributing to 11 million premature deaths annually. While too many still struggle from acute hunger, a growing number of individuals, including in low to middle-income countries (LMICs), struggle to access healthy foods. Greater consideration for, and integration of, biodiversity in agriculture is a key solution space for improving health, eliminating hunger and achieving nature-positive development objectives.This rapid evidence review documents the best available evidence of agriculture’s relationships with biodiversity, drawing on the contributions of leading biodiversity experts, and recommends actions that can be taken to move towards more biodiversity/nature-positive production through the delivery of integrated agricultural solutions for climate, biodiversity, nutrition and livelihoods. The analysis, which takes a whole-of-food-system approach, brings together a large body of evidence. It accounts for aspects not typically captured in a stand-alone primary piece of research and indicates where there are critical gaps.
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Mureithi, Joseph, Saidi Mkomwa, Amir Kassam, and Ngari Macharia. "Research and technology development needs for scaling up conservation agriculture systems, practices and innovations in Africa." In Conservation agriculture in Africa: climate smart agricultural development, 176–88. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245745.0009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Although the net agricultural production across all regions of Africa has experienced a significant increase, African agriculture has performed below its potential over recent decades. Many aspects have been fronted to curb this situation, including sustainable intensification of farming systems and value-chain transformation through Conservation Agriculture (CA) across Africa. Based on the latest update, Africa has about 2.7 million ha under CA, an increase of 458% over the past 10 years with 2008/09 as baseline. However, this constitutes a mere 1.5% of the global area under CA, and less than 1.4% of the total cropland area in Africa. A combination of modern techniques and the optimization of agroecological processes in CA systems and practices requires that agricultural research plays a bigger role in its evolution and focus in the different regions of Africa. This targeted research should crucially contribute towards making agriculture in Africa more productive, competitive, sustainable and inclusive in terms of its functionality towards the farmer, society and nature. Scientific solutions for agricultural transformation need to be pursued without losing sight of the potentials and fragility of Africa's agricultural environments, the complexity of its agricultural production systems and the continent's rich biodiversity. The agricultural research and development agenda in Africa must build on the rich traditional farming culture, knowledge and practices, supported by coherent longer-vision for investments in science for agricultural development. Most of these investments are expected to come from national public and private sources, with governments also expected to invest in generation of 'public goods' such as the national or global environmental benefits typical of CA, and to also catalyse innovation and support market growth. The absolute imperative is that farmers must shift from outdated conventional tillage-based methods to modern, well-tested and knowledge-based methods of land use. Making this transition will be difficult without the creation of an enabling environment. This chapter discusses the various roles and advances required in CA-based research that will support the adoption of CA systems by millions of smallholder farmers in Africa with a view to enhancing sustainable and effective agricultural development and economic growth.
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Weber, Eberhard Heinrich. "Socio-Economic Aspects of Mangrove Degradation in an Urban Setting." In Examining International Land Use Policies, Changes, and Conflicts, 272–90. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4372-6.ch014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In Pacific Small Island Developing States (PSIDS), the degradation of mangroves advances at a fast pace, especially in urban places. Rural to urban migration let urban settlements grow tremendously in the past 60 years. People built many informal settlements straight into mangrove forests. Health implications are severe, but settlements in mangrove forests provide protection against eviction. The case study provides insight into people's lives, perception and actions in a degraded mangrove forest in the eastern part of Suva, the capital of Fiji. The major question is why people are exposing themselves to serious environmental health hazards. Based on recent changes, the chapter also looks at development efforts that threaten residents of informal settlement to get evicted from the locations they right now reside. Investigations concentrate on people's actions in space, particularly, the role degraded urban mangroves play in their decision to reside in a particular place. A major explanation is that people want to reduce risk and enhance security: security from eviction.
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Santra, Abhisek. "Land Surface Temperature Estimation and Urban Heat Island Detection." In Environmental Information Systems, 1538–60. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7033-2.ch070.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Earth's land surface temperature is considered to be very important for modeling the environment. Following the trend of increasing global population, urban areas are expanding in spatio-temporal domain. In this way it is affecting the urban climate and subsequently the global climate. Thus, scientific understanding is required to conceive the knowledge about interaction between urban land use/land cover and the atmospheric conditions prevailing in that area. In this chapter the land surface temperature estimation and urban heat island detection are perceived from remote sensing perspective. The chapter in this context highlights three major aspects, viz. the theoretical background, description about some of the common thermal sensors and widely used algorithms to retrieve surface temperature from these satellite sensors.
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Duram, Leslie Aileen, and J. Clark Archer. "Contemporary Agriculture and Rural Land Use." In Geography in America at the Dawn of the 21st Century. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198233923.003.0033.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Contemporary Agriculture and Rural Land Use (CARLU) Specialty Group was organized in 1985 (Napton 1989) to provide a forum for researchers who identify, describe, and explain the geographical patterns of agricultural activity and rural land use. Indeed, rural and agricultural geographers study many aspects of rural land use, including rural settlement, rural environmental management, the globalization of primary industries (i.e. agriculture, forestry, and mining), and also utilize spatial technologies for rural systems analysis. The various dimensions, consequences and policy implications of long-term sustainability of rural landscapes in industrialized, capitalist countries and particularly in North America, have been matters of special attention (Pierce 1994; Troughton 1995; Ilbery 1998). The early Jeffersonian ideal of a nation populated predominately by rural freeholders remains a popular and persistent theme in American culture. The country craft motifs of cows, chickens, and apples adorn many urban kitchens. Nearly all children know Laura Ingalls Wilder’s popular stories about a Farmer Boy (Wilder 1933) or a Little House on the Prairie (Wilder 1935). But the agrarian conditions Wilder describes in these stories near the start of the twentieth century bear little resemblance to the conditions faced by farmers in rural areas at the start of the twenty-first century due to social and agricultural change (Bell 1989; Baltensperger 1991; Roberts 1996; Lang et al. 1997; Lawrence 1997). Likewise, the quaint scenes of chickens and pigs printed on paper towels do not hint at current environmental and social concerns with large-scale livestock production in the US (Furuseth 1997; Hart and Mayda 1997). In many ways these historically imbedded ideals clash with the current reality of rural areas. Rural and agricultural researchers provide insight into how rural North America evolved to look like it does today. Their research helps describe the cultural, economic, environmental, political, and social forces that influenced and continue to influence rural places. This research often suggests what alternatives are available for rural areas in the future. Following the introduction, this chapter is organized according to four main research themes: rural regions, agricultural location theory, rural land-use change, and agricultural sustainability.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Land use Environmental aspects Victoria"
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Konieczna, Jadwiga, and Agnieszka Trystuła. "Use of Cadastral Databases in Land Consolidation in Poland." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.204.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Land consolidation in the European Union is not only a tool used to improve the economy of rural areas. When setting goals for land consolidation, one should take into account the social and environmental aspects. The sociocultural needs related to use of natural resources of rural landscape, cultural heritage, agritourism or technical infrastructure are as important as the profit earned by farms; they also help to maintain the harmony with the natural environment. For land consolidation to play a significant role in developing a strategy of multifunctional and sustainable development of rural areas, those who carry it out must have free access to up-to-date and properly selected databases; a cadaster of real property could be one of the sources of such data. A real estate cadaster is a public register, which provides credible identification of plots in a specific space. It is possible because when gathering information about land, buildings, apartments as well about their owners and holders, the system ensures its topicality, which is a priority despite the everchanging space around us. The aim of the study is to present the significant role of cadastral databases in land consolidation as they help to develop the optimum relations between the economy, rural areas, communities and environmental protection.
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Rj.Agung Kusuma, A. R., Caropeboka, Ino Susanti, and P. K. Restiana Sari. "Legal Aspects of Environmental Pollution in Space and Land Use Procedures in Bandar Lampung City." In International Conference on Law, Economics and Health (ICLEH 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200513.115.
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Gniadek, Jacek, Robert Szewczyk, and Izabela Piech. "The Role of the Land Layout Parameters and Production Efficiency in the Evaluation and Shaping of the Spatial Structure of Land." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.191.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article contains the results of the plots layout research in the farms of the selected object in the southern Poland. The basic surface element adopted for the research, were continuous parts of the registry plots covered by one form of use. To carry out tests on such a large number of plots specialized computer programs used, which use data from the digital cadastral map and the descriptive part of the land and buildings registry documentation kept in digital system. The applied technology allowed obtaining more than 70 features, characterizing each analyzed plot. Detailed studies included the 15 basic features of plots layout, first four of which determine the spatial parameters of the plot, three features relate to the estimated costs of cultivation dependent on its layout, the next two describe the location of the plot in the village and in the farm, and the last five characterize the farm, that owns the plot. The obtained result allowed the identification of positive and negative aspects of the tested ground system indicating the necessary changes in terms of its improvement.
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MALIENE, Vida, and Ruta DICIUNAITE-RAUKTIENE. "FACTORS INFLUENCING CITIES PEDESTRIAN STREET FUNCTIONALITY AND SUSTAINABLE LAND USE." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.052.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The public space encourages social exchange, develops and maintains social groups and allows the exchange of public messages. When the public space and public life are not supported in the community, there is no one to communicate with, people become isolated, less inclined to help or support each other. Public space is the scene of public life that promotes a sense of community, sense of place, human connection and communication as well as dependence sensation. High-quality and well-managed public space is a benefit to the city's economy, creating shelter from the car-centred life and move to a more natural environment as well as significant urban land use. Therefore, in recent times, in order to establish the right conditions in cities for different human needs, great attention is paid not only to the development of physical infrastructure, but also to other aspects that will help to create sustainable balance of social, economic and environmental aspects. One of the quality of life in the city return ways is the release of urban spaces for pedestrians. Until these days the pedestrian zones are extended little by little, resulting in disposal of the car parking-lots and improved cycling and other transport facilities. Sustainable use of urban pedestrian zones would provide economic, social, environmental and cultural benefits only if these aspects are combined with each other. The aim of the article is to distinguish and critically analyse (on the basis of a literature review) factors influencing the functionality and sustainable development of pedestrian streets. Article object – cities pedestrian street. The study was conducted using scientific publishing content analysis and synthesis techniques. This article is an overview.
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Beria, Paolo, and Rasa Ušpalytė-Vitkūnienė. "Transport Modelling During Preparation of General Plans in Big Cities: Reasons and Challenges." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.099.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Rapidly growing mobility of people in European cities attaches greater importance to the sustainable development concept. The dynamics of European cities are however different. Cites such as Lithuanian, Slovakian and Polish ones will rapidly increase traffic flows and car ownership at fast pace. Also in most of Western Europe, even if at lower rates, private mobility is increasing. In some cities, however, car use and car ownership are finally decreasing, also thanks to policies implemented. Of course, an increase of traffic flows poses problems in terms of street space, pollution and liveability of cities. Sustainable integration of all kinds of transport into the urban development process is one of the most effective actions in the hands of city planners. The coordination between the planning of residential and business development areas and the expansion of public transport and its hierarchical integration is however a difficult but necessary exercise. Transport modelling tools, in particular, need important advancements to integrate transport and land use in simulations. This article analyses the main challenges in the use of transport models to support the construction of city plans by means of two case studies of Milan and Vilnius. The analysis deals both with traditional aspects, such as the proper simulation of multimodal choices, the level of detail of zoning, the issues associated to the simulation of traffic management policies. Then, we will focus on two aspects still open: the integration of transport modelling and economic assessment or ranking of actions, and the inclusion of land use changes in the modelling.
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Stalder, Jean-Pierre, and Peter A. Huber. "Use of Chromium Containing Fuel Additive to Reduce High Temperature Corrosion of Hot Section Parts." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0138.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The use of “clean” fuel is a prerequisite at today’s elevated gas turbine firing temperature, modern engines are more sensitive to high temperature corrosion if there are impurities present in the fuel and/or in the combustion air. It is a common belief that distillate grade fuels are contaminant-free, which is often not true. Frequently operators burning distillates ignore the fuel quality as a possible source of difficulties. This matter being also of concern in plants mainly operated on natural gas and where distillate fuel oil is the back-up fuel. Distillates may contain water, dirt and often trace metals such as sodium, vanadium and lead which can cause severe damages to the gas turbines. Sodium being very often introduced through contamination with seawater during the fuel storage and delivery chain to the plant, and in combination, or with air borne salt ingested by the combustion air. Excursions of sodium in treated crude or heavy fuel oil can occur during unnoticed malfunctions of the fuel treatment plant, when changing the heavy fuel provenience without centrifuge adjustment, or by inadequate fuel handling. For burning heavy fuel, treatment with oil-soluble magnesium fuel additive is state of the art to inhibit hot corrosion caused by vanadium. Air borne salts, sodium, potassium and lead contaminated distillates, gaseous fuels, washed and unwashed crude and residual oil can not be handled by simple magnesium based additives. The addition of elements like silicon and/or chromium is highly effective in reducing turbine blade hot corrosion and hot section fouling. This paper describes field experience with the use of chromium containing fuel additive to reduce high temperature corrosion of hot section parts, as well as the interaction of oil-soluble chromium and magnesium-chromium additives on material behaviour of blades and vanes, and their economical and environmental aspects.
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Pasechnik, E. Yu, L. N. Chilinger, and A. G. Birulina. "ANALYSIS OF NORMATIVE SANITARY PROTECTION ZONES OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES AS A FACTOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF TOMSK." In Prirodopol'zovanie i ohrana prirody: Ohrana pamjatnikov prirody, biologicheskogo i landshaftnogo raznoobrazija Tomskogo Priob'ja i drugih regionov Rossii. Izdatel'stvo Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-94621-954-9-2020-80.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article discusses the historical aspects of the design of sanitary protection zones. The current situation of industrial enterprises and their regulatory sanitary protection zones has been established based on the land use and development rules of Tomsk using the ArcCis geographic information system. A number of factors in the violation of urban space are noted and possible measures for its restoration are proposed.
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Pukowiec-Kurda, Katarzyna, and Urszula Myga-Piatek. "Application of New Methods of Environment Analysis and Assessment in Landscape Audits – Case Studies of Urban Areas Like Czestochowa, Poland." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.116.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Following the 2000 European Landscape Convention, a new act strengthening landscape protection instruments has been in force since 2015. It sets forth legal aspects of landscape shaping (Dziennik Ustaw 2015, poz. 774) and introduces landscape audits at the province level. A landscape audit consists in identification and characterization of selected landscapes, assessment of their value, selection of so-called priority landscapes and identification of threats for preservation of their value. An audit complies with GIS standards. Analyses use source materials, i.e. digital maps of physical-geographical mesoregions, current topographic maps of digital resources of cartographic databases, latest orthophotomaps and DTMs, maps of potential vegetation, geobotanic regionalization, historic-cultural regionalization and natural landscape types, documentation of historical and cultural values and related complementary resources. A special new methodology (Solon et al. 2014), developed for auditing, was tested in 2015 in an urban area (Myga-Piatek et al. 2015). Landscapes are characterized by determining their analytic (natural and cultural) and synthetic features, with particular focus on the stage of delimitation and identification of landscape units in urban areas. Czestochowa was selected as a case study due to its large natural (karst landscapes of the Czestochowa Upland, numerous forests, nature reserves) and cultural (Saint Mary’s Sanctuary, unique urban architecture) potential. Czestochowa is also a city of former iron ore and mineral resources exploitation, still active industry, dynamic urban sprawl within former farming areas, and dynamically growing tourism. Landscape delimitation and identification distinguished 75 landscape units basing on uniform landscape background (uniform cover and use of the land). Landscape assessment used a new assessment method for anthropogenic transformation of landscape – the indicator describing the correlation between the mean shape index (MSI) and the Shannon diversity index (SHDI) (Pukowiec-Kurda, Sobala 2016). Particular threats and planning suggestions, useful in development of urban areas, were presented for selected priority landscapes.
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Golobic, Mojca. "Simulation Model of Regional and Urban Development Impacts: An Approach for Transparent and Communicative LILRW Disposal Siting Process." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1253.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract In most of the failed nuclear objects sitting processes the main barriers were not the technical or safety questions, but the problem of communication and reaching the public acceptance about decision. The paper presents one of the possible approaches that could contribute to the more community sensitive, transparent, communicative and finally successful siting process. The computer-supported approach for assessment of LILRW disposal impacts on regional and urban development is one of several modules loosely connected to a spatial simulation model in GIS. The results are shown as cartographic representation of impacts on different land uses and a possible future land use pattern. This model will be used for evaluation of alternative sites from regional and urban development impact aspects and for negotiating compensation schemes for local communities. One of the very important findings of this work is that the modeling outcomes depend more on value assumptions, according to which the input parameters are chosen, than on accuracy of computations. Therefore any conclusion based on the model outcomes should be verified in a wide panel of experts, interest groups and also wider public.
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Zvaigzne, Anete, Andra Blumberga, and Saulius Vasarevičius. "APPLICATION OF SYSTEM DYNAMICS MODEL ON AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE." In Conference for Junior Researchers „Science – Future of Lithuania“. VGTU Technika, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/aainz.2016.33.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Agricultural land comprises an important share of the total terrestrial land. Therefore it plays a crucial role in the health of the so-called foundation of all types of ecosystem services – biodiversity. This research aims at providing a tool for evaluating the state of biodiversity in an agricultural landscape by using different agri-environmental indicators. A system dynamics model is built that encloses agricultural land use parameters, agricultural land use intensity, landscape fragmentation patterns, crop diversity and other aspects that have an important effect on biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. This research is an attempt to use information available for public to assess the degree to which agricultural landscape may benefit from landscape greening activities, changes in crop management activities etc. At the end of this research landscape biodiversity of an intensive farming region in Latvia (Bauska district) will be evaluated.
Звіти організацій з теми "Land use Environmental aspects Victoria"
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Huynh, Diana N., and Johannes Lidmo. Nordic overview of national support initiatives in urban planning. Nordregio, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/pb2022:7.2001-3876.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Nordic countries share many cross-sectoral targets at the national level to meet ambitious environmental, social, sustainable, and innovative development goals and targets. However, in the context of spatial planning, central governments in the Nordic countries often have limited ability to influence local and regional level priorities. As the Nordic region seeks a greener, more competitive, and socially sustainable future, understanding the diversity of ongoing national interventions and mechanisms in local and regional land use and spatial planning is needed. The focus on Nordic national support initiatives is therefore to understand both the regulative and national support aspects (top-down) and the actual needs (bottom-up) to achieve national cross-sectoral targets as these relate to green and inclusive urban development. This policy brief presents a mapping of the relevant initiatives across the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden).
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Alexander, Serena E., Mariela Alfonzo, and Kevin Lee. Safeguarding Equity in Off-Site Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) Mitigation in California. Mineta Transportation Institute, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2027.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Historically, the State of California assessed the environmental impacts of proposed developments based on how it was projected to affect an area’s level of service (LOS). However, as LOS focused on traffic delays, many agencies simply widened roads, which was an ineffective way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). With the passage of Senate Bill (SB)743 in 2013, LOS was replaced by Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) as a more appropriate metric by which to gauge the environmental impacts of proposed development. Additionally, SB 743 presented an opportunity for off-site VMT mitigation strategies through banking and exchanges– allowing multiple development projects to fund a variety of strategies to reduce VMT elsewhere in the city or region. While the shift from LOS to VMT has generally been lauded, concerns remain about how to apply SB 743 effectively and equitably. This study aimed to: 1) understand how local governments are addressing this shift toward VMT while ensuring equity, including its approaches to off-site VMT mitigation; and 2) evaluate the various built environment factors that impact VMT, which should be considered by local governments, using both qualitative and quantitative research designs. The study posited that both micro and macro level aspects of the built environment needed to be considered when evaluating the impacts of proposed development on VMT, not only to ensure higher accuracy VMT models, but also because of the potential equity implications of off-site mitigation measures. Using multiple linear regression, the study shows that macroscale built environment features such as land use, density, housing, and employment access have a statistically significant impact on reducing VMT (35%), along with transit access (15%), microscale features such as sidewalks, benches, and trees (13%), and income (6%). More notably, a four-way interaction was detected, indicating that VMT is dependent on the combination of macro and micro level built environment features, public transit access, and income. Additionally, qualitative interviews indicate that transportation practitioners deal with three types of challenges in the transition to VMT impact mitigation: the lack of reliable, standardized VMT measure and evaluation tools; the lack of a strong legal foundation for VMT as a component of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA); and the challenge of distributing off-site VMT mitigation equitably. Overall, findings support a nuanced, multi-factor understanding of the context in which new developments are being proposed, both in terms of modeling VMT, but also when considering whether offsite mitigation would be appropriate. The results of this study can help California ensure equitable VMT mitigation that better aligns with the state’s climate goals.