Готові списки джерел за темами / Labour function

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Labour function"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Labour function"

Jaskulska, Jagoda. "ABOUT THE MODIFYING FUNCTION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF LABOR LAW ON THE GROUND OF THE ART. 300 OF THE LABOR CODE." Roczniki Administracji i Prawa specjalny, no. XXI (December 30, 2021): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6096.

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The article is devoted to the function of the principles of labor law from the perspective of Art. 300 of the Labor Code, providing that in matters not regulated by provisions of the labour law relating to a relationship of employment, respective provisions of the Civil Code are applicable, if these are not contrary to principles of the labour law. Enriching the content of art. 300 of the Labor Code for the above premise allows for the identification of certain specific functions that are fulfilled by the principles of labor law on this ground. In the doctrine of labor law, among them, there is a modifying function, correlated with the clause of appropriate application of provisions in the variant, which assumes modification in the area of disposition of provisions applied in connection with Art. 300 of the Labor Code. The aim of the article is to assess the legitimacy of relating the modifying function to the principles of labor law within the meaning of art. 300 k.p. taking into account, inter alia, the limits of making and interpreting the law and the nature of the referring provisions.

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Woods, H. D. "Power and Function in Labour Relations." Relations industrielles 15, no. 4 (February 3, 2014): 441–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1021910ar.

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Summary The Author contends that the legal framework which has developed in Canada to deal with collective bargaining has been less favourable to the emergence of strong unions and effective collective bargaining than in the American case. This is explained better by fortuitous (and notably constitutional) circumstances than by calculated policy decisions. Canadian pragmatism in this field has led to a relatively massive State intervention which has strongly affected the basically unstable power relationship between labour and management. And the trend is increasing.

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Christian von Weizsäcker, Carl. "A New Technical Progress Function (1962)." German Economic Review 11, no. 3 (August 1, 2010): 248–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0475.2010.00512.x.

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Abstract In this paper, I show that labour-saving or capital-saving technical progress is induced by the distribution of income between capital and labour. In the long run, technical progress is Harrod neutral. The long-run equilibrium factor income distribution is determined by a parameter of the technical progress function.

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Vella, Melchior. "Employment and labour hoarding: a production function approach." Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science 23, no. 46 (November 5, 2018): 230–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jefas-07-2017-0079.

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PurposeThis paper aims to test the hypothesis that the effect of production slowdown on labour demand can be muted by labour hoarding.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a production function approach, using data from Malta, a small state in the EU.FindingsThe results confirm the hypothesis and indicate that firms are normally prepared to employ and dismiss more workers in the long run than in the short run.Practical implicationsThis finding has important implications for developed countries, including that labour hoarding can be of certain relevance in times of economic slowdown as shocks are absorbed by internal flexibility.Originality/valueThe results of this study add on to the existing literature in two ways. First, this study compares two industries –manufacturing and financial services– for which the former sector received support to hoard labour after the financial turmoil of 2008. Consequently, the dominance of labour hoarding in manufacturing relative to financial services is uncovered and the effect of hoarding practices on labour demand is estimated. Second, Malta is an interesting case because it is one of the smallest economies in the world and faces a high degree of vulnerability because of constraints associated with small size and insularity. As a result, firms adopt policy-induced measures to minimise adjustment costs.

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Mazurek, Jiří. "On a Production Function of European Countries: An Empirical Study." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 21, no. 2 (October 2, 2018): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cer-2018-0009.

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The aim of this paper is to examine the goodness‑of‑fit of several aggregated production functions including the Cobb‑Douglas function, the Mankiw, Romer and Weil model, or Mincer’s specification for a set of 30 European countries during the period 2006–2015. The dependent variable was economic output measured in real GDP, while the set of independent variables included labour, physical capital, human capital, labour productivity or technology level. The main finding of the paper is that all the above‑mentioned aggregate production functions fitted the data exceptionally well, with the adjusted coefficients of determination above 0.95. Also, it was found that the inclusion of other macroeconomic variables, such as labour productivity, human capital or technology level to the two‑factor Cobb‑Douglas function did not result in a significantly better goodness‑of‑fit.

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Dykas, Paweł, and Tomasz Misiak. "The Neoclassical Growth Model with Sinusoidal Investments." Przegląd Statystyczny 63, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1148.

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The aim of the present study is an attempt to extend the neoclassical model of economic growth of Solow by repealing the assumption of fixed investment and introducing an investment function dependent sinusoidally on the time. The adoption of the sinusoidal function of investment is substantiated by the fact that investments (like manufacturing) are largely depended on the economic situation, which is subject to periodic fluctuations. The authors introduce the theoretical considerations on the notion of cyclical and smooth path of temporal capital-labour ratio and labour productivity. When using these tools the authors identified, by calculating the relative deviations of the mentioned path, the impact of investment function dependent sinusoidally on the time.In the empirical analysis the authors conducted the calibration of parameters used by the research model. Based on panel data for the EU15 between the years 2000–2013 the α parameter (production flexibility in relation to capital) was estimated first at 0,349. That value was adopted to further numerical analysis. In the second stage the simulations of numerical, calibrated deviations of temporal cyclical path of capital-labour ratio (labor productivity) from the smooth path of capital-labour ratio (labor productivity) was performed. When conducting numerical analysis the impact of different investment rates (15%, 20%, 25%) and periods of cyclical fluctuations (4 or 10 years) have been considered in relation to the formation of these deviations. Numerical analysis for the economies of the EU15 group was made for one hundred time series.

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SHARIF, Mohammed. "Inverted“S”-The complete neoclassical labour-supply function." International Labour Review 139, no. 4 (December 2000): 409–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1564-913x.2000.tb00526.x.

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KOSKELA, ERKKI, and MATTI VIRÉN. "CONSUMPTION FUNCTION, LABOUR SUPPLY RATIONING AND BORROWING CONSTRAINTS." Oxford Economic Papers 37, no. 3 (September 1985): 500–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a041704.

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THIJSSEN, GEERT. "Estimating a labour supply function of farm households." European Review of Agricultural Economics 15, no. 1 (1988): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/erae/15.1.67.

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Ireland, Norman J. "AN ILLUSTRATIVE PRODUCTION FUNCTION FOR LABOUR-MANAGED FIRMS." Bulletin of Economic Research 40, no. 3 (June 1988): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8586.1988.tb00269.x.

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Дисертації з теми "Labour function"

Sauls, Paul Anthony. "The review function of the labour court." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/821.

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Under the 1956 Labour relations Act, parties who were dissatisfied with decisions of the then Industrial Court, could appeal to the old Labour Appeal Court, and then if still further unhappiness persists, to the former Appellate Division. Such appeals entailed placing before the court the complete record of the Industrial Court, and requesting it to decide if on the evidence, it would have come to the same conclusion. Sometimes the courts of appeal decide that they would, sometimes that they would not. When planning the new Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995, the Cheadle Commission decided that this process was too slow, too technical, too cumbersome and too expansive. So it recommended that, at least in the case of the most common disputes, the issues should be decided quickly, informally and finally by arbitration. Unless the parties agree to private arbitration under the Arbitration Act, 42 of 1956, the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation & Arbitration (CCMA) would supply the arbitrators, who would exercise their powers, not under agreed terms of reference, but under the LRA itself. Like private arbitrators, those of the CCMA are also meant to dispose of matters with a minimum of legal formalities (see section 138(1) of the LRA). But the drafters of the LRA did not mean to insulate arbitration awards entirely from the watchful eye of the Labour Court. They therefore specifically provided for review of CCMA arbitrations awards in section 145, but they also gave general powers of review in section 158(1)(g) respectively of the LRA. As if the jurisdictional puzzle created by the LRA was not complex enough, the legislature added the Promotion of Justice Act 3 of 2000. It is an attempt to give expression to the constitutional right of fair labour practices and the constitutional standard of lawfulness and rationality. If section 145 limits the grounds on which commissioners’ actions can be reviewed, or if that section cannot be interpreted to reconcile it with the PAJA, it may well be that section 145 cannot pass constitutional muster - unless that section constitutes a limitation compliant with section 36 of the Constitution. That would be for the Constitutional court to decide.

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White, Christopher Michael. "The function, significance and limitations of 'globalisation' in the New Labour discourse." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2003. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2094/.

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This thesis critically examines the idea of 'globalisation' in the New Labour discourse over the period 1996- 2001, challenging the version articulated by key members of the party. This task involves contesting and reinterpreting the implications imputed to the process both at the domestic and international levels. The understanding and implications of 'globalisation' have changed over time. It herefore distinguish two phases. The first phase I associate exclusively with Tony Blair. This understanding focuses on the domestic significance of globalisation, and conflates the process with liberalisation. In this phase globalisation functions to de-politicise a 'third way' agenda, which is presented as if it were the only logical alternative for a party of the centre left. A second phase, the chief contributors to which are Tony Blair and Robin Cook, concentrates on the international significance of globalisation. Both argue for a move beyond traditional realist approaches to foreign policy, stressing instead the role globalisation plays in creating a 'global interest'. Drawing upon developments in the literature, the thesis challenges the New Labour position firstly by questioning the implications of globalisation drawn out by them, as empirically untenable. Globalisation does not necessarily limit the room for manoeuvre in the way suggested by Blair, nor does it imply an increased harmony of interests forming around the idea of a global interest. However, in offering an alternative interpretation this study highlights that globalisation should not merely be understood in terms of whether its usage is right or wrong. In addition, the thesis argues for a critical hermeneutic approach to be taken on the topic. It is argued that the current form globalisation takes is reproduced because it functions in particular contexts to serve a political agenda within the party. This reveals an ideological dimension in the discourse, drawing attention to the ways in which the meaning of globalisation is manipulated in order to serve an alternative set of interests not declared in the discourse itself, thereby manifesting itself in a particular form over time.

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Piacentini, Laura Francesca. "Work to live : the function of prison labour in the Russian prison system." Thesis, Bangor University, 2002. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/work-to-live--the-function-of-prison-labour-in-the-russian-prison-system(faef88b9-2bf2-4891-baa6-765244dc6b6f).html.

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Work was the dominant activity of prisoners in Russia for most of the twentieth century and was justified according to the philosophies prevalent in Tsarist and Soviet society. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, no specific ideology has emerged. Consequently, there is an absence of clear justifications for prison labour in Russia today. The main concern of this thesis, therefore, is with the function that prison labour serves in Russia in the early twenty-first century, now that it is no longer driven by a dominant ideology, as historically was the case. As Russia is becoming integrated into Europe, so too it is exposed to trends in prisons there, and officials recognise the obligation to comply with international instruments affecting the treatment of prisoners. Recent political and economic developments have adversely affected prison budgets in Russia. For this and other reasons, despite its good intentions, the central administration is finding it difficult to meet obligations to treat prisoners humanely. The second purpose of this thesis is to examine whether trends in European imprisonment will emerge in Russia, and how this might affect complying with international regulations. The study discovered that while staff extol the rehabilitative benefits of prison labour, nowadays, it has become the mechanism for survival for the staff and prisoners in institutions cut off from the wider economy and which can no longer rely on financial support from Moscow. In the most literal sense prisoners are working to live. Goods and services, which once were fully integrated - by command from the Moscow government - into an enormously complex and differentiated economy, are now bartered in the micro-economies of the local community. The findings will be dealt with in relation to the European Rules and the further implications in terms of management of the prison system.

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Tykha, A. P. "Legal Regulation of Amendment of Labour Contract. –." Thesis, Київський національний університет імені Тараса Шевченка, 2017. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/7670.

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The thesis enabled the resolving of the scientific problem regarding the necessity of the existing theoretical doctrine on the labour contract alterations deepen and adjustment according to the modern needs in consideration of latest changes in the economic and social life of the Ukrainian state. The specifics of labour contract alteration legal regulation under the current and draft labour laws of Ukraine are disclosed. The whole set of problems of labour contract alterations legal regulation is singled out and a number of actual proposals concerning sophistication of the current labour legislation in the appropriate part are formulated. The thesis consists of introduction, 3 sections, divided on 9 sub-sections, conclusions and references. Дисертаційне дослідження дало змогу вирішити наукову проблему, яка полягала у необхідності поглиблення та уточнення існуючого теоретичного вчення про зміни трудового договору відповідно до сучасних потреб з урахуванням останніх змін в економічному та суспільному житті української держави. Розкрито специфіку правового регулювання змін трудового договору за діючим та проектним законодавством України про працю. Виокремлено сукупність проблем правового регулювання змін трудового договору та сформульовано низку актуальних пропозицій щодо вдосконалення чинного законодавства про працю у відповідній частині. Дисертація складається із вступу, трьох розділів, які включають дев’ять підрозділів, висновків, списку використаних джерел.

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Parsons, Laurie. "From risk to society : function, form and feedbacks in the Cambodian labour migration system." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2015. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/from-risk-to-society(e7343401-a5ac-4dcd-872c-12df465d0555).html.

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This thesis seeks to explore the linkages between the networks which facilitate the exchange of information and assistance regarding internal Cambodian labour migration, and the physical assets and social systems within which, it is held here, they are embedded. In doing so, it revisits the area of enquiry recently associated with the social capital literature, with a new set of methodologies designed to circumvent some of the shortcomings associated with that theory. This is undertaken first, through recourse to the quantitative methodologies associated with network theory, and second, to the literature on endogenous systems of risk mitigation in response to natural disasters and climate pressures. In order that these local responses are framed fully within their multi-scalar context, structural violence theory is utilised in a linking role. Thus, labour migration is viewed herein as a lens through which to view the dynamic evolution of traditional Cambodian social systems. In particular, it is effective as a means of understanding resilience and response to the Kingdom’s contemporary environment, both in terms of its persistent vulnerability to natural disasters and climate shocks, and the rapid, but highly unequal, economic growth which has characterised the “economic miracle” of the previous decade. Indeed, the nature of the inequality which has characterised this period of rapid growth will be one of the primary foci of this study, which offers to the literature an account of how uneven distributions of social and physical assets and risks are entrenched in complex ways by the process of labour migration.

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Yeo, Kian Soon. "A Monte Carlo approach to investigate sampling variability in a semi-log labour supply function." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ31313.pdf.

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Lim, Sheri. "The regulation and function of nuclear factor kappa B in the amnion prior to labour." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521126.

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Landré, Martin, and Johan Håkansson. "Rule versus Interaction Function : Evaluating Regional Aggregations of Commuting Flows in Sweden." Högskolan Dalarna, Kulturgeografi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-11903.

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The aim of this paper is to evaluate the performance of two divergent methods for delineating commuting regions, also called labour market areas, in a situation that the base spatial units differ largely in size as a result of an irregular population distribution. Commuting patterns in Sweden have been analyzed with geographical information system technology by delineating commuting regions using two regionalization methods. One, a rule-based method, uses one-way commuting flows to delineate local labour market areas in a top-down procedure based on the selection of predefined employment centres. The other method, the interaction-based Intramax analysis, uses two-way flows in a bottom-up procedure based on numerical taxonomy principles. A comparison of these methods will expose a number of strengths and weaknesses. For both methods, the same data source has been used. The performance of both methods has been evaluated for the country as a whole using resident employed population, self-containment levels and job ratios for criteria. A more detailed evaluation has been done in the Goteborg metropolitan area by comparing regional patterns with the commuting fields of a number of urban centres in this area. It is concluded that both methods could benefit from the inclusion of additional control measures to identify improper allocations of municipalities.

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Mparmpakas, Dionisis G. "Convergence of MTOR and glucocorticoid receptor signalling in the human placenta : effects of pre-term labour, nutrition and maternal stress." Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/8757.

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A vital factor for foetal development is the nutrient transport at placental level. This is because any disturbances in the maternal compartments, for example due to maternal stress or nutritional status, which will affect foetal development, will involve the foetal-placental barrier. Moreover, numerous studies have linked other factors such as preterm labour as the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in the developed world. To this date, despite a numerous epidemiological and clinical studies that identify potential risk factors for the mother as well as the foetus, there is no comprehensive analysis at all these levels taken from the same cohort of patients. Our working hypothesis is that for a successful pregnancy certain events at nutritional, biochemical, genetic and molecular level could be tightly linked. Therefore, in this study we followed a “holistic” approach investigating how maternal stress, nutrition, placental mTOR and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signalling can influence pregnancy outcome. We have decided to map in detail the components of these two signalling pathways as they appear to cross-talk as well as been implicated in stress responses. The largest part of the questionnaire was focused on the nutritional status with questions targeting the maternal dietary habits before, as well as during, pregnancy. The collection of data took place at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Crete Medical School. With regards to this profile, key findings included the significant reduction in the intake of alcohol, caffeine-containing and sugar-containing refreshments, whereas passive smoking during pregnancy stayed the same. Another major finding of this part of the study was the effects of maternal stress on foetal weight and how pregnancy planning was implicated in this complex relation. In our cohort, women with negative attitudes during pregnancy gave birth to infants with significantly lower birth weights (2.5Kg) than those women showing positive or neutral attitudes towards their pregnancy (2.9Kg). We then assessed how maternal stress might affect this signalling cascade using two placental models (BeWo and JEG-3 cell lines) mimicking a stress milieu in vitro. Treatment of these cell lines with cortisol (100nM and 1000nM) significantly downregulated Deptor and upregulated GAS5 at mRNA level. In an attempt to dissect further a potential gene-environment interaction, we have assessed how 4 well-characterised polymorphisms (ThtIII 1, Bcl I, ER22/23EK, N363S) of the GR gene might affect foetal and placental weight. We have demonstrated that only the maternal ThtIII 1 polymorphism was suggestive of a nature-nurture interaction since only in ThtIII 1 II (CC), maternal stress attitude predicts foetal weight-reduction, but not in ThtIII 1 (GC) independent of confounders such as BMI, pregnancy planning or fast food eating during pregnancy. This is the first time that a gene-environment interaction between a common GR polymorphism and foetal weight was noted. Finally, one of the most important findings of our study came from the preclinical studies using placental tissues. Quantitative PCR revealed that the major transcripts in the human placenta are GRα, GAS5 (decoy for GR DNA binding) and Deptor. We have shown for first time that there are marked differences in the relative mRNA abundance of these components between term and preterm labour as well as colocalisation of GRα with GAS5. With regards to placental regulation these data conclusively demonstrate that: a) there is evidence of gene-environment interaction between maternal stress, pregnancy planning, glucocorticoid receptor polymorphisms and foetal weight and b) potential cross-talk of mTOR and glucocorticoid signalling. We propose that measuring maternal stress levels in addition to circulating cortisol and mapping for known GR polymorphisms could become a useful non-invasive tool of diagnostic and prognostic value, with implications for preterm labour.

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Sand, Nelly. "The Beveridge Curve : A comparison between the three largest labour market regions in Sweden; Stockholm-, Västra Götaland- and Skåne county and the effect of the building of the Öresund Bridge on the labour market matching efficiency of Skåne county." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för nationalekonomi och statistik (NS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105448.

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This paper investigates the relationship between vacant job positions and unemployed workers, illustrated by the Beveridge curve, a tool for observing the matching process and the condition of a labour market. The Swedish case is studied together with its three largest labour market regions, i.e., Stockholm-, Västra Götaland- and Skåne county. A comparison opens up a discussion of whether local labour markets with similar characteristics located in different parts of the country behave similarly or in what way they distinguish. Furthermore, these three regions are expected to influence the Swedish Beveridge curve to a larger extent, which is also examined in the paper. In addition, the effect of an exogenous shock, such as the building of the Öresund Bridge, expanding the labour market of Skåne county by connection to another metropolitan area, Copenhagen, is studied. This is done by comparing the matching efficiency before and after the bridge is opened. Moreover, the effect in Skåne is then analysed in accordance with the same period for the other regions included, to get an indication of whether the bridge alone provides a change in matching efficiency or if changes are connected to national events that influence all regions similarly. The analysis is based on monthly data from year 1996-2020, collected from the Swedish Public Employment service and Statistics Sweden, primarily. Graphical illustrations of the Beveridge curve in combination with OLS regressions provide concluding results that the Beveridge curves for the three regional labour markets observed are shaped rather similarly and experience shifts and movements during the same time points, generally. Skåne county is the exception and experience more horizontal and vertical movements compared to Stockholm- and Västra Götaland county and the Swedish average. Furthermore, there are statistically significant estimates ensuring the negative relationship between unemployment- and vacancy rate, i.e., a downward sloping Beveridge curve for all regions. Not enough evidence on the effect of the Öresund Bridge on the matching efficiency of Skåne county is provided to present a valid conclusion regarding this topic.

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Книги з теми "Labour function"

Kawaguchi, Akira. Female labour supply: Sensivity to the specification of labour supply function. Parkville,Vic: Dept. of Economics, University of Melbourne, 1992.

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Stølen, Nils Martin. Wage formation and the macroeconomic function of the Norwegian labour market. Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå, 1995.

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Barmby, Tim. A note on testing the negativity condition for labour supply functions derived from a Stone-Geary utility function. Hull: University of Hull. Department of Economics and Commerce, 1986.

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Banks, Michael H. Employment and training orientations as a function of gender, careers and labour markets. London: Social Statistics Research Unit, City University, 1989.

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Pistoresi, Barbara. Modelling a labour demand equation: Multivariate cointegration analysis of a labour demand function for the mainsectors of the Italian economy. [s.l.]: typescript, 1993.

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Blanchard, Olivier. The aggregate matching function. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1989.

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Inoue, Hiroshi. The basic functions of labour and Japanese style management. [Kyoto]: Ryukoku University, 1992.

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Harvey, Michael D. Language and literacy problems in Alberta's labour force. [Alberta]: Research Branch, Occupational Health and Safety Division, Alberta Community and Occupational Health, 1987.

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Evans, Stephen T. Latent functions of employment: Variations according to employment status and labour market. London: Social Statistics Research Unit, City University, 1990.

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Borjas, George J. The sensitivity of labor demand functions to choice of dependent variable. [Madison]: University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1985.

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Частини книг з теми "Labour function"

Gilles, Robert P. "The Entrepreneurial Function." In Economic Wealth Creation and the Social Division of Labour, 265–310. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76397-2_5.

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Dawson, Patrick. "Information Technology and the Control Function of Supervision." In New Technology and the Labour Process, 118–42. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19242-7_6.

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Felipe, Jesus, and J. S. L. McCombie. "What Can the Labour Demand Function Tell Us About Wages and Employment? The Case of the Philippines." In In Defence of Labour Market Institutions, 119–49. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230584204_7.

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Primus, Beatrice. "Division of Labour: the Role-semantic Function of Basic Order and Case." In Contrastive Analysis in Language, 89–133. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230524637_5.

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England, George W. "Potential Constraints Upon Management Action as a Function of National Work Meanings and Patterns - Germany, Japan, and the USA." In Management Under Differing Labour Market and Employment Systems, edited by Günter Dlugos, Wolfgang Dorow, Klaus Weiermair, and Frank C. Danesy, 455–68. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110859379-039.

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Davidson, Louise. "The Marginal Product Curve Is Not the Demand Curve for Labour and Lucas’s Labour Supply Function Is Not the Supply Curve for Labour in the Real World." In Money and Employment, 555–66. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11513-6_43.

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Neilson, Brett, and Ned Rossiter. "Automating Labour and the Spatial Politics of Data Centre Technologies." In Topologies of Digital Work, 77–101. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80327-8_4.

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AbstractData politics traffics through data centres. A primary function of data centres over the next decades will consist of supporting the transition to automated economies with the integration of artificial intelligence,machine learningand robotics into processes of capital valorisation and accumulation. Stemming from a project that investigates data centres in Asia, this contribution positions the age of automation in terms of the spatial politics of data infrastructures. Singapore is renowned as a growth centre for data storage facilities in Asia. Yet the policy literature on smart nations lacks narratives that address the political and social problem of job loss precipitated by automated futures. Because data centres are themselves automated environments and provide infrastructure that enables automation in workplaces spread across geographical scales, they offer a strategic object for research on the varied implications of automation for labour. The extent to which data centres make worlds and reconfigure regions bears upon conceptualisations of sovereign power harnessed to the state. This contribution maintains that an emergent sovereign form registers in the operational logic of computational machines special to data centres.

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Caruso, Bruno, and Loredana Zappalà. "Un diritto del lavoro ‘tridimensionale’: valori e tecniche di fronte ai mutamenti dei luoghi di lavoro." In Studi e saggi, 29–79. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-484-7.06.

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The essay analyses the changes in labour law by examining working places’ modifications induced by the most meaningful driver: technology. In this perspective, the authors point out three macro scenarios. The first relates to industry 4.0 and to the notion of “cognitive enterprise”. This could, or should, act as a magnet model considering its social and organizational positive consequences. The second is the traditional work organization re-considered in the light of new technologies’ impact; it generates a kind of neo digital Fordism, as does the Amazon model in the logistic sector. The third scenario is linked to the rise of the gig economic, with its “workers on tap” (i.e. the platform economy with the algorithm as a boss). These different scenarios, even if characterised by blurred borders, imply the need to think of Labour law differently than in the past. Beyond its traditional protective function, there should be a promotional one, aimed at developing capabilities and positive liberties of the person in the workplace. In the face of this three-fold dimension of the workplaces and of the expansion of Labour law functions, it is also necessary to rethink its techniques and principles. In that sense, the authors propose a different regulatory perspective: no more rigid and uniform rules, as happened in the “short century”, but a regulation made by differentiation, adaptations, extensions, dilutions. With a unifying value: the reference to the individual, to her/his life project, and ultimately to her/his dignity.

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Fischer von Weikersthal, Felicitas. "Between Coercion and Athletic Ambition: The Form and Function of Physical Culture in Soviet Forced Labour Camps." In Sport under Unexpected Circumstances, 131–52. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/9783666310522.131.

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Leake, Rosemary D. "Oxytocin in the Initiation of Labor." In Uterine Function, 361–71. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0575-0_11.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Labour function"

Lindemann, Sofiana-Iulia, Stanca Mada, Laura Sasu, and Madalina Matei. "Thematic role and grammatical function affect pronoun production." In 11th International Conference of Experimental Linguistics. ExLing Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36505/exling-2020/11/0028/000443.

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According to different approaches to pronoun processing, in pro-drop languages, null pronouns are interpreted as referring back to the grammatical subject and topical referent, while overt pronouns are usually interpreted as coreferring with a non-subject and non-topical antecedent. The present study investigates whether thematic role and grammatical function impact (overt and null) pronoun production in Romania. Results show that we do not encounter a clear division of labour between the two pronoun forms triggered by syntactic structure alone and that thematic roles matter as well. The findings support a multi-dimensional approach, suggesting that different referential forms are constrained by different factors.

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Brożek, Katarzyna, Beata Poteralska, and Joanna Łabędzka. "INFLUENCE OF SELECTED HUMAN RESOURCES ATTRIBUTES ON THE CONDITION OF THE LABOR MARKET IN POLAND." In 12th International Scientific Conference „Business and Management 2022“. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2022.822.

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The aim of the article was to identify statistically significant determinants of human capital influencing the condition of the labour market in Poland. The resources of public statistics were used to collect empirical data. The collected data was developed using the technique of estimating the structural parameters of the regression function using the classical method of least squares (LSM). Due to the diversity of human capital factors, 4 thematic areas were identi-fied, defined by 11 predictors describing the attributes of human capital. All the variables turned out to be statistically significant and had a positive effect on the improvement of the labour market condition in Poland, measured by the unemployment rate. The practical implication of the study is to obtain information about the significance level of the studied variables. This allows us to conclude which attributes of human capital have the greatest impact on the situation on the labour market. On this basis, it is possible to decide on taking actions aimed at creating human capital through the use of tools intended to reduce unemployment. The study should be considered preliminary due to limitations only 4 areas – Science, Information Society, Innovation and Technology in 2011–2020 were analyzed. Conclusions may con-tribute to further in-depth research.

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Šimelytė, Agnė, and Gitana Dudzevičiūtė. "Consumption of Renewable Energy and Economic Growth." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Education. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cbme.2017.048.

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The significance of renewable energy is highly recognized all over the world. However, the impact of consuming renewable energy on the economy is very often disputable and contravercial. The paper explores links between consumption of renewable energy, economic growth, trade, capital and labour. The study covers 28 European Union countries for the period from 1990 to 2012. Energy has been considered as one of production factors, which has a great impact on output. Thus, the neo-classical Cobb-Douglas function has been employed to reach the aim of the article. Following the relevant state-of-art, economic growth, consumption of renewable energy, trade, capital and labour are considered as separate factors. The analysis indicates that consumption of renewable energy boots economy in 12 countries out of 28. The neutrality hypothesis has been confirmed in 2 countries, while the conservation hypothesis has been proved in 6 cases. The weakest links between the consumption of renewable energy and other factors has been noticed in Luxembourgh’s case.

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Shumatova, N. V. "LABOUR CONDITIONS AND POSSIBILITY OF APPLICATION OF ETHYLMETHYLHYDROXYPYRIDINE SUCCINATE IN WORKERS EXPOSED TO FIBROGENIC SILICATE DUST." In The 16th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2021). FSBSI “IRIOH”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-2-1-2021-1-598-600.

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Abstract. Labour conditions of workers contacting with fibrogenic silicate dust in isolators’ production were studied. Additional examination included determination of the degree of endothelial disfunction, apoptosis and systemic inflammation. Besides the effect of Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate on these parameters and the lipid profile was evaluated. Atherogenic changes of the lipid profile, moderate endothelial disfunction (level of circulating endotheliocytes is 6,04±1,97*104/l), slight tension of apoptosis (TNF-α 8,11±6,67 pg/ml) and activation of systemic inflammation (C-RP 8,1±4,5 mg/l) were found. Application of Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate led to the partial correction of dyslipidemia and endothelial disfunction without the significant effect on other researching laboratory parameters; significant improvement of respiratory function was noted.

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Ludera-Ruszel, Agata. "EVALUATION OF THE LEGAL REGULATION CONCERNING THE FIXED-TERM EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROTECTIVE FUNCTION OF LABOUR LAW - POLAND CASE STUDY." In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on POLITICAL SCIENCES, LAW, FINANCE, ECONOMICS AND TOURISM. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b21/s5.078.

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Kibara Manyeki, John, Izabella Szakálné Kanó, and Balázs Kotosz. "Livestock product supply and factor demand responsiveness." In The European Union’s Contention in the Reshaping Global Economy. Szeged: Szegedi Tudományegyetem Gazdaságtudományi Kar, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/eucrge.2020.proc.9.

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Despite there being incredible challenges in enhancing livestock development in Kenya, this article isolates product supply and factors input demand responsiveness as the main constraints facing the smallholder. A flexible-Translog profit function permits the application of dual theory in the analysis of livestock product supply and factor demand responsiveness using farm-level household data. The results indicate that own-price elasticities were elastic for cattle, while goat and sheep were inelastic. Cross-price and scale elasticities were found to be within inelastic range in all cases, with the goat being a preferred substitute for cattle. All factor inputs demand elasticities were inelastic with the exception of elastic cattle output prices and labour cost. Thus, the recommended policy option would be supportive pro-pastoral price policies, enhanced investment in pastureland improvement and an increasing wage rate, since these assume key significance in improving the livestock production/marketing.

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MOUDRÝ, Jan, Helena PROCHÁZKOVÁ, Tomáš CHOVANEC, and Eliška HUDCOVÁ. "SOCIAL FARMING – INTRODUCTION OF THE CONCEPT AND THE CURRENT SITUATION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.216.

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Historically, agriculture always fulfilled a social function as well. However, its intensification taking place in the 20th century brought about a number of changes accompanied by putting this and a number of other non-productive functions in the shade. However, recent years have seen the establishment of agricultural directions that contribute to their renewal. This also includes social farming. Social farming is the most complex component of the concept “green care”. In its current form, it creates room for providing for the people who have hardly any chances on the labour market and for their involving in farming activities. While in a number of European countries this concept has been used for many years, in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe it has still been in the early stages and has not been formally defined in many countries yet. In the Czech Republic, the concept of social farming has been developed approximately since 2013, growing and gaining in importance continuously. The article introduces the concept of social farming and describes its current situation in the Czech Republic. The data were obtained through questionnaire surveys and directed interviews in the field. As part of the analysis of the structure of social farming in the Czech Republic, the selected set of thirty entities involved in social farming is described in terms of the structure of the farming production, the main target groups of clients and the funding sources.

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Li, Yanqun, Hong Geng, and Erpeng Shi. "Response Path Adapted to the Unbalanced Shrinkage of Small Towns in Metropolitan Areas." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/aeut4486.

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Along with the global wave of urbanization, urban agglomerations with megacities as the core have become the main form of urbanization in various countries. The polarization effect around the metropolis leads to the centripetal flow of capital, labour, land and other resource elements in the surrounding small towns, which causes the shrinkage of small towns in the metropolis, such as population reduction, economic recession, idle housing and dilapidated space. The shrinkage of small towns in the metropolis has become a global issue. However, as an important spatial unit in the spectrum of urbanization that serves, connects and couples urban and rural areas, the shrinking phenomenon faced by small towns has an important influence on the healthy development of urbanization. Exploring the development path of adaptive shrinkage for small towns has become an important part of the healthy urbanization of metropolises. Based on the public data of population, land and economy in Wuhan, China from 2004 to 2014, this paper uses GIS and other spatial analysis technologies to comprehensively measure the relevant characteristics of the shrinkage of small towns. The results showed that the small towns in Wuhan are in the form of "unbalanced shrinkage" under a local growth. And the towns present a spatial pattern of "circle increasing shrinkage" around the boundary of main downtown. With a further exploration of the formation mechanism of "unbalanced shrinkage", it is found that this shrinkage pattern is caused by a combination function of various factors, such as downtown deprivation in the policies supply, centripetal delivery of social capital and reconstruction of regional division of labour network. Based on this, this paper tries to propose some response paths for small towns in metropolitan areas to adapt to the "unbalanced shrinkage". First of all, the small towns should integrate into the regional differential development pattern and strive for the institutional dividend. Secondly, the small towns should promote an industrial transformation, and then attract the market release of social capital. Thirdly, the small towns should improve the living environment and promote intensive use of land. Through these paths, we can stabilize the three-level structure system of “urban-township-village”, and ensure the healthy urbanization of metropolitan areas.

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Petrušová, Dagmar, Katarína Kráľová, and Jana Sochuľáková. "COMPARISON OF DEVELOPMENT OF SELECTED MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS IN SLOVAKIA AND SLOVENIA." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.s.p.2020.25.

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Every country and its economy has undergone some historical development and is going through it even nowadays, constantly evolving. Today, however, individual changes occur more frequently, are dynamic and have a larger dimension. Technology has accelerated processes and information exchange. The economies of states can no longer function in isolation, because we are at a time where the division of labour is not only of European but also of global character. This work focuses on the development of selected macroeconomic indicators, mainly employment and unemployment of two Slavic states of Slovakia and Slovenia. The size of the area and the number of inhabitant’s ranks among the small states of Europe, they have similar geographical and demographic conditions. However, the development of the economy seems different, which is the subject of this paper. To compare the development of macroeconomic variables of the above-mentioned states, the data were drawn from the published data of the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic, the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia and Eurostat. To evaluate the year-on-year changes in selected indicators, the relative indices were used.

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Yezhova, Olga, Kalina Pashkevich, Olena Kolosnichenko, Olena Gerasymenko, and Maryna Kolosnichenko. "Forecasted labor functions of fashion industry specialists." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TEXTILE AND APPAREL INNOVATION (ICTAI 2021). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0076957.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Labour function"

Goldin, Claudia. The U-Shaped Female Labor Force Function in Economic Development and Economic History. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4707.

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Dobbelaere, Sabien, and Jacques Mairesse. Panel Data Estimates Of The Production Function And Product And Labor Market Imperfections. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13975.

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Borjas, George. The Sensitivity of Labor Demand Functions to Choice of Dependent Variable. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w1624.

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Shen, Keting, and John Whalley. Capital-Labor-Energy Substitution in Nested CES Production Functions for China. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19104.

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Carlsson, Mikael, Julián Messina, and Oskar Nordström Skans. Firm-Level Shocks and Labor Flows. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003002.

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This paper analyzes how labor ows respond to permanent idiosyncratic shifts in rm-level production functions and demand curves using very detailed Swedish micro data. Shocks to rms physical productivity have only modest eects on rm-level employment decisions. In contrast, the paper documents rapid and substantial employment adjustments through hires and separations in response to rm-level demand shocks. The choice of adjustment margin depends on the sign of the shock: rms adjust through increased hires if these shocks are positive and through increased separations if the shocks are negative.

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Carlsson, Mikael, Julián Messina, and Oskar Nordström Skans. Firm-Level Shocks and Labor Flows. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003002.

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Hellerstein, Judith, and David Neumark. Production Function and Wage Equation Estimation with Heterogeneous Labor: Evidence from a New Matched Employer-Employee Data Set. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10325.

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Galán-Camacho, Jorge, and Miguel Sarmiento. Staff, functions, and staff costs at central banks: an international comparison with a labor-demand model. Bogotá, Colombia: Banco de la República, November 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.419.

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Bloch, Guy, Gene E. Robinson, and Mark Band. Functional genomics of reproduction and division of labor in a key non-Apis pollinator. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7699867.bard.

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i. List the original objectives, as defined in the approved proposal, and any revisions made at the beginning or during the course of project. Our objectives were: 1) develop state-of-the-art functional genomics tools for B. terrestris. These resources will be then used to: 2) characterize genes and molecular pathways that are associated with reproduction, 3) characterize genes and molecular pathways associated with specialization in foraging or nursing activities, and 4) determine the extent to which juvenile hormone (JH) is involved in the regulation of reproduction and division of labor. 5) Use RNA interference to down regulate genes associated with reproductive physiology, division of labor, or both. A decrease in the cost of RNA sequencing enabled us to further use the BARD support to extend our research to three additional related projects: A) The regulation of body size which is crucial for understanding both reproduction (castedetermination) and (size based) division of labor in bumblebees. B) Analyze RNA editing in our RNA sequencing data which improves the molecular understanding of the systems we study. C) The influence of JH on the fat body in addition to the brain on which we focused in our proposal. The fat body is a key tissue regulating insect reproduction and health. ii. Background to the topic. Bees are by far the most important pollinators in agricultural and natural ecosystems. The recent collapse of honey bee populations, together with declines in wild bee (including bumble bee) populations, puts their vital pollination services under severe threat. A promising strategy for circumventing this risk is the domestication and mass-rearing of non-Apis bees. This approach has been successfully implemented for several bumble bees including Bombusterrestris in Israel, and B. impatiens in the US, which are mass-reared in captivity. In spite of their critical economic and environmental value, little is known about the physiology and molecular biology of bumble bees. In this collaborative project we developed functional genomics tools for the bumble bee B. terrestris and use these tools for a first thorough study on the physiology and molecular biology of reproduction, dominance, and division of labor in a bumble bee. iii. Major conclusions, solutions. The valuable molecular data of this project together with the functional tools and molecular information generated in this BARD funded project significantly advanced the understanding of bumblebee biology which is essential for maintaining their vital pollination services for US and Israel agriculture.

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Berlinski, Samuel, María Marta Ferreyra, Luca Flabbi, and Juan David Martin. Child Care Markets, Parental Labor Supply, and Child Development. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002872.

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We develop and estimate a model of child care markets that endogenizes both demand and supply. On the demand side, families with a child make consumption, labor supply, and child-care decisions within a static, unitary household model. On the supply side, child care providers make entry, price, and quality decisions under monopolistic competition. Child development is a function of the time spent with each parent and at the child care center; these inputs vary in their impact. We estimate the structural parameters of the model using the 2003 Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, which contains information on parental employment and wages, child care choices, child development, and center quality. We use our estimates to evaluate the impact of several policies, including vouchers, cash transfers, quality regulations, and public provision. Among these, a combination of quality regulation and vouchers for working families leads to the greatest gains in average child development and to a large expansion in child care use and female labor supply, all at a relatively low fiscal cost.

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