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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022
Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Iron ore quality control"

1

Azaryan, V. A. "Quality control and management of ore flows at the iron-ore mining processing plants." Jornal of Kryvyi Rih National University, no. 45 (2017): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31721/2306-5451-2017-1-45-159-164.

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2

Azaryan, V. A. "Quality control and management of ore flows at the iron-ore mining processing plants." Jornal of Kryvyi Rih National University, no. 46 (2018): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31721/2306-5451-2018-1-46-159-164.

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3

Liu, Wen Sheng, and Fu Ping Li. "Iron Ore Blending Based on Linear Programming." Applied Mechanics and Materials 443 (October 2013): 657–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.443.657.

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Ore Blending is an important problem that the majority of mining enterprises have to face. To solve the ore blending problem, the production plan should be made firstly, and then small adjustments should be made in according to the actual condition. By effective control and management, the balance of ore quality and stability will be realized. This paper introduced the linear programming and the concept of ore blending. A mathematical model is established by linear programming, solving the problems about ore blending of multi-seam mining in iron Mine of Tangshan hebei minging Ltd., giving the countermeasure aiming at the problem, realizing the effective management and control of ore quality. Preface In mine enterprises ore Blending is mixxing different grade ore evenly in a planned way in mining and shipment process, according to the existing resources and production capacity, according to the relevant indicators, to ensure that the final ore quality standard (such as ore grade, reserves, etc.) meet demand department requirements. At the same time collocating part lean ore in a planned way help to meet the industrial economic use standard, which is helpful to rational utilization of mineral resources, improve relationship between time and space for stope mining, avoid the phenomenon of pressure ore, maintain the normal production of mine to create favorable conditions. Improving the quality of the part lean ore grade help to increase the price standard and mining economic income. Linear programs arise in a variety of practical applications. It is capable of handling a variety of problems such as Portfolio [, Land consolidation optimization [, watershed management [, capacity allocation [,etc.
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4

Cores, Alejandro, Luis Felipe Verdeja, Serafín Ferreira, Íñigo Ruiz-Bustinza, Javier Mochón, Jose Ignacio Robla, and Carmen González Gasca. "Iron ore sintering. Part 3: Automatic and control systems." DYNA 82, no. 190 (May 11, 2015): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v82n190.44054.

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The sintering process involves a large number of parameters, more than 500, each of which exerts a greater or lesser influence and needs to be controlled, within the possible limits, in order to optimise productivity, process stability, and standardise the composition and quality of the sinter produced. To comply with environmental legislation, a pollution control system must monitor the particle matter and gases generated and emitted into the atmosphere by the sinter plant. Automation and control systems are vital tools to assist plant operators in the monitoring of each stage of the sinter production process.
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5

Webster, Nathan A. S., Mark I. Pownceby, Natalie Ware, and Rachel Pattel. "Predicting iron ore sinter strength through partial least square regression (PLSR) analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns." Powder Diffraction 32, S2 (October 26, 2017): S66—S69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715617001038.

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The decrease in quality of Australian iron ore, coupled with the demand for more efficient energy use, means that closer monitoring and optimisation of process conditions for iron ore sinter production is required. Here, the suitability of using partial least-squares regression analysis of powder X-ray diffraction data, collected for iron ore sinter samples, for the prediction of iron ore sinter strength has been further assessed. In addition, a preliminary assessment of the effect of 2θ range on the quality of prediction has been made. For the purposes of process control, the level of correlation between predicted strength and actual sinter strength would inform an operator whether or not the process was operating within the acceptable limits, or whether there was a potential problem requiring further investigation or rapid intervention. Reducing the 2θ range was found to reduce the level of correlation between predicted and actual strength, to a point where the particular analysis may no longer be suitable for process control.
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6

Belkova, A. I., I. G. Muravyeva, and A. S. Skachko. "Methods for choosing a rational composition of the blast furnace charge." Fundamental and applied problems of ferrous metallurgy, no. 32 (2018): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.52150/2522-9117-2018-32-47-63.

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The aim of the work is to solve the problem of choosing the optimal composition of iron ore materials for blast furnace loading. An analytical review of the existing approaches to assessing the quality and methods for selecting a rational composition of iron ore materials implemented as part of the control system of domestic and foreign blast furnaces in modern conditions has been carried out. A method of modeling the processes of directional formation of melts, developed at the Iron and Steel Institute, is proposed. The description of the processes of transformation of iron ore materials in a blast furnace and the properties of liquid smelting products was carried out using the parameters of interatomic interaction in melts. The technique uses a set of integral criteria and physicochemical models that allow estimating charge, gas-dynamic and temperature melting conditions. The influence of the quality of iron ore on the properties of primary melts and final products of blast-smelting is analyzed. An integral indicator of the quality of the charge and an integral indicator of the temperature blast mode have been developed. The main difference of the proposed approach to the selection of the composition of the charge from similar developments focused on the traditional criterion «basicity of the final slag» is the use of a set of physico-chemical criteria that characterize the quality and properties of iron ore, primary and final blast furnace slag. The use of the developed prognostic models and criteria as part of automated blast furnace control systems allows us to predict the chemical composition of iron and slag. Stabilization of slag properties within the specified limits ensures the smelting of cast iron of the required composition and a reduction in coke consumption in the current unstable conditions of smelting iron.
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7

Azaryan, Albert, Annait Trachuk, Alexandr Shvydkyi, Alexey Melnik, and Oleg Mazhanov. "Selection of gamma-ray source for operational quality control of mineral raw materials." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 970, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/970/1/012022.

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Abstract For operational and quality control of ferrous metal ores, ionizing radiation sources are used, which main characteristics are energy, activity and half-life. The technological parameters of the sources Americium-241, Thulium-170 and Cadmium-109 have been compered, and Americium-241 with an energy of 60 keV and a half-life of 458 years has been selected. Laboratory studies of the dependence of the integrated flux of scattered gamma rays on the content of total iron in the ore have been carried out. Based on the results of laboratory studies, the sensitivity and measurement cycle time have been determined for three gamma-ray sources. For all three indicators, Americium-241 has been selected for operational and quality control of ferrous metal ores. Obtained data have been used for the development and implementation of a microprocessor-based system for operational control of the total iron content in ore on a conveyor belt.
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8

Аzarian, Albert А., and Wolodymyr А. Аzarian. "Geophysical methods for controlling the useful component content as the basis for the quality management system at mining and processing enterprises." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 29, no. 1 (April 8, 2020): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112001.

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Анотація:
The article is devoted to substantiating the possibility of creating a common quality management system for iron ore plants based on geophysical methods of operational quality control for mineral raw materials. Due to the fall in prices on the world markets of iron ore raw materials, the financial and economic situation of the mining and processing enterprises in Ukraine has significantly worsened. Thus, the problem of effective control and quality management in mining has become of maximum importance. The availability of timely and reliable information about the content of the useful component will allow responding quickly, forming an integrated final ore cargo flow of the plant of exact quality required by the mining and concentration complex. The need to create a common quality management system is dictated by the fact that the iron ore has a heterogeneous distribution of the useful component content within the deposit, the extraction and transport equipment operates irregularly, resulting in ore cargo flows of various degrees of integration have significant amplitude and frequency oscillations, both by quality and quantity indicators. The instability of the useful component content in the ore cargo, which is aimed at enrichment, leads to a decrease in concentrate output, increase of losses in the tails, costs increase, decrease of the enterprise profit and decrease of its competitiveness. The mathematical model of ore cargo flow formation, which has a range of limitations on quality characteristics, is given. The structure and functional scheme of the quality management system of the mining and processing plant are substantiated. As a result of theoretical studies, the possibility of using radiometric and magnetometric methods for the operational quality control of the iron ore raw materials in the conditions of mining and processing plants by geophysical devices developed by the staff of the problem-branch laboratory of the Kryvyi Rih National University and Rudpromheofizyka LLC is substantiated. The basic technological characteristics of devices and systems are given, information on their introduction into production is provided. It is concluded that the researches carried out and the devices introduced on their basis have created objective prerequisites for substantiating the quality management system at mining and processing plants. The devices and operational control systems based on geophysical methods allow to cover all major stages of mining and processing, to receive timely and reliable information on the condition and dynamics of changes in the useful component content, to efficiently quality management at mining and processing plants, to increase the enterprises competitiveness and profitability.
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9

Халапян, С. Ю., and А. О. Анпилов. "DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL OF THE IRON ORE CONCENTRATE DEWATERING PROCESS." СИСТЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ, no. 4(86) (December 30, 2021): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2021.86.4.004.

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Анотація:
Исследование направлено на разработку адаптивной системы автоматического управления процессом обезвоживания железорудного концентрата, от протекания которого зависит производительность передела, качество и себестоимость выходного продукта данного процесса и дальнейших переделов. The research is aimed at developing an adaptive system for automatic control of the iron ore concentrate dewatering process, on the course of which the processing productivity, quality and cost of the output product of this process and further processing depends.
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10

Zhu, Ming, Jin Long Sun, Wen Sheng Liu, Ai Xia Zhang, Hui Zhi Zhou, Li Xin Ai, Ji Huan Peng, Yun Xi Jia, and Lei Wang. "Mining Plan Optimization Based on Linear Programming in Shirengou Iron Mine." Advanced Materials Research 429 (January 2012): 206–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.429.206.

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Анотація:
Faced with the difficult situation of the joint operation of open pit and underground mining in transition period in Shirengou Iron Mine, a suitable linear programming mathematical model of mining plan was established and synthesis optimization results were obtained, which would increase the overall economic effect of the mining operation during the transition period, while the limited reserves and ore quality control were entirely considered. A pronounced economic benefit was achieved by the project optimization. This mathematical model can be widely used in mining process to control the quality and quantity equilibrium of ore output, comprehensive utilize some waste rock and optimize the mining plan.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Iron ore quality control"

1

Bjork, Andreas. "Characterizing magnetic susceptibility and remanent magnetization of magnetite and hematite rich drill-core samples at Blötberget." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Geofysik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-347975.

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Анотація:
Laboratory magnetic measurements are used to develop a methodology to characterize the Kiruna-type Rare Earth Elements (REE) bearing apatite iron-oxide deposits at Blötberget in central Sweden. This high-grade ore deposit is known to have sharp boundaries between lens shaped main ore bodies of magnetite-rich ore, and a complex hematite-rich ore associated with pegmatites and skarn formation. The thesis covers laboratory magnetic measurements of 37 samples originating from eight drill cores and reference samples from previously mined area. It focuses on on-covering how the samples relate in terms of magnetic susceptibility, further its dependency on temperature, frequency, field and the orientation. The results are correlated with petrographic analysis previously performed on accompanying thin sections. The measurements show that magnetite with strong susceptibility contribution overshadow the hematite contribution in the samples. Transition changes in susceptibility are noticeable when crossing the Verwey temperature; -153°C, Curie temperature; 580°C and Néel temperature; 680°C. The Morin temperature appears at -60°C, or is missing. Linear relationships are identified between the magnitude difference in susceptibilities across transitions at high temperature and wt% magnetite and hematite have been identified. The Blötberget skarn and hematite-rich ore samples have a higher degree of susceptibility anisotropy than the other ore-types. Blötberget samples are dominated by multidomain characteristics in remanence, saturation and coercivity. High temperature measurements have shown that the magnetite is close to pure. The low temperature measurements suggest hematite is impure or bears a petrological footprint. The study also shows that rich iron ore samples sometimes can be at risk of being overlooked with standard methods of measuring susceptibility
Laboratorietekniska metoder kan användas som ett komplement till malmgeologi och geofysisk prospektering. I denna metodstudie karaktäriseras apatitjärnmalm från Blötberget, nära Grängesberg. En fyndighet bestående av linsformade malmkroppar rika på magnetit och ofta avskilda men komplexa hematitrika stråk. Studien är gjord 37 prover från totalt 8 borrkärnor, och lokaler som tillhörde produktion från gruvverksamhet under 1900-talet. Mätmetoderna fokuserar på att kartlägga malmens magnetiska egenskaper, och hur temperatur, frekvens, fältstyrka samt riktning påverkar dessa. Resultaten jämfördes med tidigare petrografisk studie av tillhörande tunnslip Resultaten visar att magnetit står för merparten av susceptibiliteten i proverna, men att även hematit kan urskiljas och kvantifieras. Temperaturberoende har påvisats vid övergångar för Verwey-temperatur; -153°C, Curie-temperatur; 580 °C, och Néeltemperatur; 680 °C. Den förväntade Morin-temperaturen vid -14°C, påträffades vid -60 °C eller saknas helt för flera av de hematitrika proverna. Magnetiskt anisotropa prover återfinns bland prover som identifierats som skarn eller hematitrika. Magnetisk granulometri visar karaktär av multidomäntyp med låg magnetisk coercivitet och hög satureringsförmåga. Högtemperaturmätningar av susceptibilitet visar på ren magnetit för prover från Blötberget. Samtidigt visar lågtemperaturemätningar att hematit sannolikt har inblandning av titanium eller bär på ett mer komplext förflutet. Studien visar också att det finns en risk i att enbart förlita sig på bulksusceptibilitet för prover rika på malm.
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2

Gungor, Kazim. "Production Of Heavy-media-quality Magnetite Concentrate From Kesikkopru Iron Ore Tailings." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611830/index.pdf.

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Анотація:
ABSTRACT PRODUCTION OF HEAVY-MEDIA-QUALITY MAGNETITE CONCENTRATE FROM KESiKKÖ
PRÜ
IRON ORE TAILINGS Gü
ngö
r, Kazim M. Sc. Department of Mining Engineering Supervisor: Prof. Dr. M. Ü
mit Atalay May 2010, 91 pages The aim of this research was to investigate the possibility of the production of a magnetite concentrate which is suitable for preparation of heavy media from iron ore tailings of Gü
ncem Mining Company magnetic separation facility. During the study, three different tailings named as low grade, medium grade and high grade with 5.91 % Fe3O4, 19.06 % Fe3O4 and 37.06 % Fe3O4, respectively, were used. Mineralogical analyses of test samples showed that magnetite and hematite were the major ore minerals while pyrite and chalcopyrite were found in trace amounts. Actimolite, tremolite, epidote, chlorite, quartz, calcite, and dolomite were the gangue minerals. The effects of feed particle size and applied magnetic field intensity on the Fe3O4 grade and recovery of concentrate were examined throughout magnetic concentration tests. The highest grade magnetite concentrate with 79.98% Fe3O4 content was obtained with 65.42% recovery from 100% -75 micron size feed at 1000 Gauss magnetic field intensity from high grade tailing.
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3

Ward, Clint. "Compositions, logratios and geostatistics: An application to iron ore." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2015. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1581.

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Анотація:
Common implementations of geostatistical methods, kriging and simulation, ignore the fact that geochemical data are usually reported in weight percent, sum to a constant, and are thus compositional in nature. The constant sum implies that rescaling has occurred and this can be shown to produce spurious correlations. Compositional geostatistics is an approach developed to ensure that the constant sum constraint is respected in estimation while removing dependencies on the spurious correlations. This study tests the applicability of this method against the commonly implemented ordinary cokriging method. The sample data are production blast cuttings analyses drawn from a producing iron ore mine in Western Australia. Previous studies using the high spatial density blast hole data and compositional geostatistical approach returned encouraging results, results other practitioners suggested were due to the high spatial density. This assertion is tested through sub-sampling of the initial data to create four subsets of successively lower spatial densities representing densities, spacings, and orientations typical of the different stages of mine development. The same compositional geostatistical approach was then applied to the subsets using jack-knifing to produce estimates at the removed data locations. Although other compositional geostatistical solutions are available, the additive logratio (alr) approach used in this study is the simplest to implement using commercially available software. The advantages of the logratio methodology are the removal of the constant sum constraint, allowing the resulting quantities to range freely within the real space and, importantly, the use of many proven statistical and geostatistical methods. The back transformation of linear combinations of these quantities and associated estimation variances to the constrained sample space is known to be biased; this study used numerical integration by Gauss-Hermite quadrature to overcome this drawback. The Aitchison and Euclidean distances were used to quantify both the univariate and compositional errors between the estimates and original sample values from each estimation method. The errors of each method are analysed using common descriptive and graphical criteria including the standardised residual sum of squares and an assessment of the accuracy and precision. The highest spatial density dataset is equally well reproduced by either method. The compositional method is generally more accurate and precise than the conventional method. In general the compositional error analyses favour the compositional techniques, producing more geologically plausible results, and which sum to the required value. The results support the application of the logratio compositional methodology to low spatial density data over the commonly implemented ordinary cokriging.
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4

Gardiner, Sean Jonathan. "Impacts of mining and mine closure on water quality and the nature of the shallow aquifier, Yandi Iron Ore Mine." Thesis, Curtin University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2279.

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The Hamersley Yandi Iron Ore Mine of Hamersley Iron Pty. Ltd. is located in the Pilbara region, Western Australia, approximately 90km north west of the town of Newman. The iron ore has accumulated in a palaeochannel as an enriched Channel Iron Deposit (CID). Mining in other parts of this palaeochannel has been practised since 1991. Named deposits in the province are, from west to east, Munjina, Pool, Meander, Western, Central, Eastern, Junction and the Billiard deposits.Presently the CID acts as an aquifer and transmits water through its fracture system. It is the main conduit for the regional groundwater. The Water and Rivers Commission of Western Australia considers the groundwater in the alluvial beds of the Weeli Wolli Creek overlying the CID to be a useful resource. The groundwater is currently used for stock watering so the quality should be preserved.Part of the four possible closure plans of the Yandi Mine is to backfill the excavated channel with waste rock from the mining operation. The waste material will consist of the uneconomic grade lateritic pisolite iron ore, together with colluvium and alluvium overburden. The closure plans will also leave behind two pit lakes.The impact of these closure plans vary but each plan will leave pit lakes containing water with high salinity and this may adversely affect the quality of the groundwater downstream of the lakes.The hydraulic conductivity of the shallow aquifer may be impaired by swelling clays found in parts of the waste material. This impact would be reduced if the chosen closure plan was one with hydrogeological flow management.The water quality downstream of the pit lakes will change and the environmental impact on the groundwater will depend on which closure plan is chosen. This thesis suggests a number of options for consideration.
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5

Rapp, Knut. "Nonlinear estimation and control in the iron ore pelletizing process : An application and analysis of the Extended Kalman Filter." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Engineering Cybernetics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-2180.

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This thesis deals with estimation and control of the balling drums used in the iron ore pelletizing process.

First a conceptually new control scheme for balling drums is proposed. In this control scheme a cluster of drums is considered rather than considering each drum to be an independent unit, and the output of each drum is assumed to be oscillating during normal operation. Three states are essential in this scheme, and these are the amplitude of the oscillation, frequency of the oscillation, and its phase angle. These three states are estimated by use of an extended Kalman filter (EKF). The new control scheme thus depends heavily on the state estimation. A simulation of this scheme controlling a cluster of three drums is carried out. In this simulation the drums are modelled as van der Pol oscillators with varying amplitude and frequency of the output.

Next the problem of automatically tuning and optimizing the extended Kalman filter is addressed. In spite of its importance, there has been published surprisingly few results on this subject, however, two different methods for EKF tuning has been proposed recently in the literature. One of these is tuning by use of a genetic algorithm (GA), which is also applied in this thesis. It is shown that by use of a simple GA, the extended Kalman filter is well tuned in a reasonable amount of time, provided that the tuning criterion is well defined. Furthermore, the same simple GA is applied for optimizing the EKF with respect to its performance in high noise environment.

Finally the stability properties of the EKF is analyzed. It is not possible to guarantee that the states in the signal model used for the state estimation in the new control scheme will be bounded from above, as required in the stability results presented so far. By applying a different bound on the Kalman gain matrix, it is shown that this requirement can be relaxed, and thus convergence of the state estimator applied in the new control scheme can be guaranteed under some given conditions.

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6

Gardiner, Sean Jonathan. "Impacts of mining and mine closure on water quality and the nature of the shallow aquifier, Yandi Iron Ore Mine." Curtin University of Technology, Department of Applied Geology, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15728.

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Анотація:
The Hamersley Yandi Iron Ore Mine of Hamersley Iron Pty. Ltd. is located in the Pilbara region, Western Australia, approximately 90km north west of the town of Newman. The iron ore has accumulated in a palaeochannel as an enriched Channel Iron Deposit (CID). Mining in other parts of this palaeochannel has been practised since 1991. Named deposits in the province are, from west to east, Munjina, Pool, Meander, Western, Central, Eastern, Junction and the Billiard deposits.Presently the CID acts as an aquifer and transmits water through its fracture system. It is the main conduit for the regional groundwater. The Water and Rivers Commission of Western Australia considers the groundwater in the alluvial beds of the Weeli Wolli Creek overlying the CID to be a useful resource. The groundwater is currently used for stock watering so the quality should be preserved.Part of the four possible closure plans of the Yandi Mine is to backfill the excavated channel with waste rock from the mining operation. The waste material will consist of the uneconomic grade lateritic pisolite iron ore, together with colluvium and alluvium overburden. The closure plans will also leave behind two pit lakes.The impact of these closure plans vary but each plan will leave pit lakes containing water with high salinity and this may adversely affect the quality of the groundwater downstream of the lakes.The hydraulic conductivity of the shallow aquifer may be impaired by swelling clays found in parts of the waste material. This impact would be reduced if the chosen closure plan was one with hydrogeological flow management.The water quality downstream of the pit lakes will change and the environmental impact on the groundwater will depend on which closure plan is chosen. This thesis suggests a number of options for consideration.
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7

Hammond, Napoleon Quaye. "The geochemistry of ore fluids and control of gold mineralization in banded iron-formation at the Kalahari Goldridge deposit, Kraaipan greenstone belt, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008370.

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The Kalahari Goldridge mine is located within the Archaean Kraaipan Greenstone Belt about 60 km SW of Mafikeng in the Northwestern Province, South Africa. Several gold deposits are located within approximately north - south-striking banded iron-formation (BIF). Current opencast mining operations are focused on the largest of these (D Zone). The orebody is stratabound and hosted primarily in the BIF, which consists of alternating chert and magnetite-chloritestilpnomelane-sulphide-carbonate bands ranging from mm to cm scale. The ore body varies in thickness from 15 to 45 m along a strike length of about 1.5 km. The BlF is sandwiched between a sericite-carbonate-chlorite schist at the immediate footwall and carbonaceous meta-pelites in the hanging-wall. Further west in the footwall, the schists are underlain by mafic meta-volcanic amphibolite. Overlying the hanging-wall carbonaceous metapeiites are schist units and meta-greywackes that become increasingly conglomeratic up the stratigraphy. Stilpnomelane-, chlorite- and minnesotaite-bearing assemblages in the BlFs indicate metamorphic temperatures of 300 - 450°C and pressures of less than 5 kbars. The BIF generally strikes approximately 3400 and dips from 60 to 75°E. Brittle-ductile deformation is evidenced by small-scale isoclinal folds, brecciation, extension fractures and boudinaging of cherty BIF units. Fold axial planes are sub-parallel to the foliation orientation with sub-vertical plunges parallel to prominent rodding and mineral lineation in the footwall. Gold mineralization at the Kalahari Goldridge deposit is associated with two generations of subhorizontal quartz-carbonate veins dips approximately 20 to 40°W. The first generation consists of ladder vein sets (Group lIA) preferentially developed in Fe-rich meso bands, whilst the second generation consists of large quartz-carbonate veins (Group lIB), which crosscut the entire ore body extending into the footwall and hanging-wall in places. Major structures that control the ore body are related to meso-scale isoclinal folds with fold axes subparallel to mineral elongation lineations, which plunge approximately 067°E. These linear structures form orthogonal orientation with the plane of the mineralized shallowdipping veins indicating stretching and development of fluid - focusing conduits. A second-order controlling feature corresponds to the intersection of the mineralized veins and foliation planes of host rock, plunging approximately 008°N and trending 341°. G0ld is closely associated with sulphides, mainly pyrite and pyrrhotite and to a lesser extent with bismuth tellurides, and carbonate gangue. The ore fluid responsible for the gold deposition is in the C-O-H system with increased CH₄ contents attributed to localized hydrolysis reaction between interbedded carbonaceous sediment and ore fluid. The fluid is characterized by significant C0₂ contents and low salinities below 7.0 wt % NaCl equivalent (averages of 3.5 and 3.0 wt % NaCl equivalent for the first and second episodes of the mineralization respectively) . Calculated values of f0₂. ranging from 10⁻²⁹·⁹⁸ to 10⁻³²·⁹⁶ bars, bracket the C0₂-CH₄ and pyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite buffer boundaries and reveal the reducing nature of the ore fluid at deposition. Calculated total sulphur content in the ore fluid (mΣs), ranges from 0.011 to 0.018M and is consistent with the range (10⁻³·⁵ to 10⁻¹M) reported for subamphibolite facies ore fluids. The close association of sulphides with the Au and nature of the fluid also give credence that the Au was carried in solution by the Au(HS)₂ - complex. Extensive epigenetic replacement of magnetite and chlorite in BIF and other meta-pelitic sediments in the deposit by sulphides and carbonates, both on meso scopic and microscopic scales gives evidence of an interaction by a CO₂- and H₂S-bearing fluid with the Fe-rich host rocks in the deposit. This facilitated Au precipitation due to changes in the physico-chemical conditions of the ore fluid such as a decrease in the mΣs and pH leading to the destabilization of the reduced sulphur complexes. Local gradients in f0₂ may account for gold precipitation in places within carbonaceous sediments. The fineness of the gold grams (1000*Au/(Au + Ag) ranges from 823 to 921. This compares favourably with the fineness reported for some Archaean BIFhosced deposits (851 - 970). Mass balance transfer calculations indicate that major chemical changes associated with the hydrothermal alteration of BIF include enrichment of Au, Ag, Bi, Te, volatiles (S and CO₂), MgO, Ba, K and Rb but significant depletion of SiO₂ and minor losses of Fe₂O₃. In addition, anomalous enrichment of Sc (average, 1247%) suggests its possible use as an exploration tool in the ferruginous sediments in the Kraaipan greenstone terrane. Evidence from light stable isotopes and fluid inclusions suggests that the mineralized veins crystallized from a single homogeneous fluid source during the two episodes of mineralization under the similar physicochemical conditions. Deposition occurred at temperatures rangmg from 350 to 400°C and fluid pressures ranging from 0.7 to 2.0kbars. Stable isotope constraints indicate the following range for the hydrothermal fluid; θ¹⁸H₂O = 6.65 to 10.48%0, 8¹³CΣc = -6.0 to -8.0 %0 and 8³⁴SΣs = + 1.69 to + 4.0%0 . These data do not offer conclusive evidence for the source of fluid associated with the mineralization at the Kalahari Goldridge deposit as they overlap the range prescribed for fluid derived from devolatization of deep-seated volcano-sedimentary piles near the brittle-ductile transition in greenstone belts during prograde metamorphism, and magmatic hydrothermal fluids.
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Marques, Renato da Silva. "Metodologia para controle de qualidade de minério e destinação de blocos de lavra usando raios-x." Universidade Federal do Pampa, 2016. http://dspace.unipampa.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riu/3204.

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Bens minerais com altos teores ou com relativa facilidade de explotação, já foram lavrados ou atualmente as reservas estão próximas de serem exauridas, sendo que o mais frequente hoje é depósitos pequenos e com baixos teores ou muito profundos. Desta forma, a introdução de novas tecnologias e estudos mais detalhados é de extrema importância para o controle adequado da qualidade do minério ainda disponível. Em qualquer empreendimento de mineração, um dos grandes desafios enfrentados é a dificuldade de prover às usinas de beneficiamento de minérios que possuam as especificações de teores adequadas para seu bom desempenho. O conhecimento geológico das diferentes litologias que formam uma jazida é etapa fundamental para a garantia da qualidade esperada do minério, porém, na maioria dos casos, isto não é suficiente, já que nem todo o material permite esse controle de forma expedita ou visual. Neste sentido, a aplicação de um método confiável e rápido de checagem e/ou amostragem se faz necessário. Dessa forma, nesta dissertação intitulada “Metodologia de controle de qualidade de minério e destinação de blocos de lavra usando Raios-X”, buscou-se explicitar como esta metodologia auxilia na otimização da destinação adequada de lotes de minério. Este estudo permitirá a posse do controle da qualidade do minério enviado à planta de beneficiamento assim como o cumprimento das exigências econômicas e ambientais do empreendimento da mineração de calcário em questão. Pode ser citado como benefícios: a redução da quantidade de estéreis e rejeitos, redução das áreas afetadas por deposições, menor desgaste nos equipamentos, colaborando assim, para a redução dos custos de produção, redução dos impactos ambientais e, consequentemente, aumento do lucro.
Currently, ore with high-grade and facility of exploitation, have been issued or no longer exists. Nowadays, we have small, deep and deposits low-grade therefore, the introduction of new technologies and detailed studies are extremely important for suitable control and quality of available minerals. In mining enterprises, one of the major challenges is the difficulty of maintaining a beneficiation plants, operating with appropriate grade of ores resulting a better performance for the operation. The geological knowledge of the different types of lithology in a mine, is a very important stage to ensure the expected quality of the ore, however this is not enough in most cases. Generally, materials that comes from mine does not permit be controlled by expeditiously or visually way. Thus, the application of a reliable and fast method of checking and sampling is required. This study in a limestone mining called: "Ore quality control methodology and allocation of mining blocks using X-rays," introduces implications of the method which requires for a positive results the suitable layout for ROM (Run of Mine) based on quality control of the ore forwarded to the beneficiation plant for becoming a requirement in economic and environmental terms. Through this study, will be clear benefits such as reducing the amount of overburden and tailings, reducing of areas affected by deposits, less equipment wear, contributing to the reduction of production costs and consequently increasing profitability.
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Zhao, Shi. "3D real-time stockpile mapping and modelling with accurate quality calculation using voxels." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/103494.

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Stockpile blending is widely accepted as an effective method to reduce the short-term quality variations and optimise the homogeneity of bulk materials, such as iron ore. Currently, both industry practice and academic research focus on planning, scheduling and optimisation algorithms to stack a stockpile that meets the predefined quality requirements. Namely, using ‘selective stacking’ algorithms to optimise the quality of a stockpile and improve the operational efficiency. However, it has been identified that stockpiled products are currently being reclaimed at approximately 50% of their potential engineering productive rates after applying such ‘selective stacking’ methods at most iron ore loading ports in Australia. There is an evident lack of solutions to this issue in the literature. This study focuses on stockpile modelling techniques to estimate the quality of a stockpile in both stacking and reclaiming operations for consistent and efficient product quality planning and control. The main objective of this work is to build an up-to-date geometric model of a stockpile using laser scanning data and apply this model to quality calculations throughout the stacking and reclaiming operations. The significant elements of the proposed research are to: (1) upgrade a stockyard machine used to stack or reclaim the stockpile (i.e. a Bucket Wheel Reclaimer) into a mobile scanning device using Kalman filtering to measure the stockpile surface continuously; (2) build a 3D stockpile model from the measurement data in real time using polynomial and B-spline surface modelling techniques and use this model to calculate the quality of a stockpile with a great degree of accuracy when the quality composition is available; (3) associate the 3D model with the reclaiming machine model to achieve autonomous operation and predict the quality of the reclaimed material through voxelization techniques. In order to validate the developed techniques, several experimental tests were conducted using simulation and real scenarios. It was verified that the proposed 3D stockpile modelling algorithms are adequate to represent the real geometric shape with great accuracy. The percentage error in volume is better than 0.2%. Therefore, the combination of stock pile and BWR (Bucket Wheel Reclaimer) models enables the reclaiming to be conducted automatically. To the best of author’s knowledge, this is the first time that a stockpile is modelled automatically in real-time and the integration of the stockpile and BWR model generates a novel stockpile management model allows true reclaiming automation. Thus, the quality of material composition after every stacking/reclaiming operation is calculated from the geometric shape/volume, density and quality assay results. Through accomplishing this project, the quality of a stockpile and its distribution inside the stockpile can be tracked continuously and the stacking/reclaiming trajectory of the machine can be controlled precisely. By making available such information, it is then possible to develop proactive stacking or reclaiming pattern strategies with more accurate product quality grade planning and control. Therefore, the workload of current selectively stacking and reactive reclaiming algorithms can be relieved, and the production rates can be improved with good output product quality control.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Mechanical Engineering, 2016.
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10

Nyembwe, Mutombo Alainch. "Study of sinter reactions when fine iron ore is replaced with coarse ore, using an infrared furnace and sinter pot tests." Diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25837.

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The effect of replacing fine ore by coarse ore on sintering reactions was investigated using an infrared furnace on laboratory scale and sinter pots on pilot plant scale. Five sinter mixes were prepared by changing the percentage coarse ore from 0% to 100% in 25% increments. Coarse ore fraction, sintering temperature, holding time and oxygen partial pressure were selected as sintering parameters, and two-level factorial design was used for identification of parameters that significantly influence the formation of sinter phases. Experimental results showed that the coarse ore fraction has a higher effect on the sintering process compared to those of other parameters. The experiment design also enabled to set these parameters to their optimum values. The porosity of compacted pellets was measured using a helium pycnometer. The replacement of fine ore by coarse ore resulted in a decrease in porosity (increase in packing density) of compacted pellets. The particles are closer to each other in pellets consisting of more coarse particles than fine particles. Laboratory experiments were performed at 1300°C in air, using a high heating rate (15°C/s). The holding time was set to 2.5 minutes. X-ray diffraction (XRD), reflected light microscopy (RLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) were used to characterize sintering reactions and sinter phases. XRD analysis revealed that sintered pellets consisted of hematite, SFCA, SFCA-I and calcium silicate. The proportions of SFCA slightly increased when the fraction of coarse ore varied from 0% to 25%, but decreased with a further increase in percentage coarse ore. At 25% coarse ore fraction, the porosity of the compacted pellets decreased, resulting in an increase in packing density and sintering rate. More hematite reacted, resulting in the formation of high amounts of SFCA. Above 25% coarse ore fraction, the amount of hematite increased, and the concentrations of columnar SFCA decreased despite a further decrease in porosity. This was attributed to the decrease in reaction surface area for coarse ore, and the short reaction time, which limited the extent of reaction of the coarse particles. The variation of SFCA-I and calcium silicate was not significant under laboratory conditions. Reflected light microscopy and SEM analysis easily identified two major sinter phases: hematite and SFCA. A clear distinction between the different types of SFCA could not be made using EDS analysis. Sinter pot tests were carried out in order to examine the effect of coarse ore fraction on physical and metallurgical properties of sinters. The tumbler and reduction disintegration indexes increased with increasing coarse ore fraction in the sinter bed. This was presumably due to the increase in amounts of hematite and decrease in surface area for reaction. Consequently, the reducibility of sinter decreased as the percentage coarse ore increased. This study has concluded that the presence of 25% coarse ore in the sinter mix led to enhance sintering reactions. The amounts of SFCA increased, and sinter quality was improved. It is recommended that in future work, sintering reactions should further be investigated by also measuring the permeability of the sinter bed and the reaction surface area of solid particles. Copyright
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering
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Книги з теми "Iron ore quality control"

1

DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung. Iron and steel: Quality standards. 3rd ed. Berlin: Beuth, 2002.

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2

Karpenko, N. V. Oprobovanie i kontrolʹ kachestva produktov obogashchenii͡a︡ rud. Moskva: Nedra, 1987.

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3

Byzov, V. F. Usrednitelʹnye sistemy na gorno-obogatitelʹnykh predprii͡a︡tii͡a︡kh. Moskva: "Nedra", 1988.

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4

Litovka, V. I. Povyshenie kachestva vysokoprochnogo chuguna v otlivkakh. Kiev: Nauk. dumka, 1987.

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5

Grigorʹev, V. M. Povyshenie kachestva splavov pri ispolʹzovanii rudnogo syrʹi︠a︡ Dalʹnego Vostoka: Monografii︠a︡. Khabarovsk: Dalʹnevostochnyĭ gos. universitet puteĭ soobshchenii︠a︡, 2009.

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6

I︠A︡kubovich, A. L. I︠A︡derno-fizicheskie metody analiza i kontroli︠a︡ kachestva mineralʹnogo syrʹi︠a︡. Moskva: VIMS, 2007.

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7

Mikhaĭlenko, N. N. Kontrolʹ kachestva mineralʹnoĭ produkt︠s︡ii gornorudnykh predprii︠a︡tiĭ Vostochnogo Zabaĭkalʹi︠a︡ i︠a︡dernofizicheskimi metodami. Sankt-Peterburg: Nestor, 2001.

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8

Kozhiev, Kh Kh. Rudnichnye sistemy upravlenii︠a︡ kachestvom mineralʹnogo syrʹi︠a︡. Moskva: Moskovskiĭ gos. gornyĭ universitet, 2005.

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9

Jaagumagi, R. Development of the Ontario provincial sediment quality guidelines for arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel and zinc: Draft. Toronto: Water Resources Branch, 1990.

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10

Cherednichenko, N. A. Faktory povyshenii͡a︡ kachestva produkt͡s︡ii. Kiev: Nauk. dumka, 1991.

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Частини книг з теми "Iron ore quality control"

1

Benndorf, J., and R. Dimitrakopoulos. "Stochastic Long-Term Production Scheduling of Iron Ore Deposits: Integrating Joint Multi-element Geological Uncertainty and Ore Quality Control." In Advances in Applied Strategic Mine Planning, 155–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69320-0_12.

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Schmedemann, Ole, Maximilian Miotke, Falko Kähler, and Thorsten Schüppstuhl. "Deep Anomaly Detection for Endoscopic Inspection of Cast Iron Parts." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 91–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18326-3_9.

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AbstractDetecting anomalies in image data plays a key role in automated industrial quality control. For this purpose, machine learning methods have proven useful for image processing tasks. However, supervised machine learning methods are highly dependent on the data with which they have been trained. In industrial environments data of defective samples are rare. In addition, the available data are often biased towards specific types, shapes, sizes, and locations of defects. On the contrary, one-class classification (OCC) methods can solely be trained with normal data which are usually easy to obtain in large quantities. In this work we evaluate the applicability of advanced OCC methods for an industrial inspection task. Convolutional Autoencoders and Generative Adversarial Networks are applied and compared with Convolutional Neural Networks. As an industrial use case we investigate the endoscopic inspection of cast iron parts. For the use case a dataset was created. Results show that both GAN and autoencoder-based OCC methods are suitable for detecting defective images in our industrial use case and perform on par with supervised learning methods when few data are available.
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Ding, Zhifeng, Qinglin Sun, Shengfei Liu, and Zengqiang Chen. "Iron Ore Sintering Subsection Temperature Model on the Airflow Rate by PID Control." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 277–85. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6499-9_27.

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Chun, Tie-jun, Dong-sheng Li, Chao Ning, Zhen Wang, and Hong-ming Long. "Characteristics and Control Technology of Fine Particulate Matter (PM) in Iron Ore Sintering." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 43–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72138-5_5.

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Ji, Zhiyun, Xiaohui Fan, Min Gan, Xuling Chen, Wei Lv, Guojing Wong, and Tao Jiang. "Emission Profile of PM10 and PM2.5 in Iron Ore Sintering Process and Control Technology." In 10th International Symposium on High-Temperature Metallurgical Processing, 85–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05955-2_8.

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Schneider, M. C., E. Flender, and J. C. Sturm. "Numerical Simulation - A Comprehensive Quality Control Tool for Steel and Iron Foundries." In Microstructures, Mechanical Properties and Processes - Computer Simulation and Modelling, 305–10. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527606157.ch48.

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Torres, N., J. A. Reis, P. L. Luiz, J. H. R. Costa, and L. S. Chaves. "Neural Network Applied to Blasting Vibration Control Near Communities in a Large-Scale Iron Ore Mine." In Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Mine Planning and Equipment Selection - MPES 2018, 81–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99220-4_7.

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8

Xia, Song, Ming Zhou, Aimin Qin, and Chuanming Chen. "Research on microscopic properties of alkali-activated cementing materials mixed with iron ore tailings powder and ground granulated blast furnace slag at different curing ages." In Frontiers of Civil Engineering and Disaster Prevention and Control Volume 1, 458–64. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003308577-62.

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9

Rodríguez, Fabricio. "Contested Resources and South-South Inequalities: What Sino-Brazilian Trade Means for the “Low-Carbon” Bioeconomy." In Bioeconomy and Global Inequalities, 265–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68944-5_13.

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AbstractThis article explores Brazil’s relationship of trade dependency to China and its implications for the former’s attempt to lead the way into a low-carbon bioeconomy. While actors from Brazil’s sucro-energetic sector try to rescale the use of agrofuels as a clean source of bio-based energy, China’s growing demand for Brazilian resources places a structural constraint on any Brazilian attempt to move away from fossil developmental paradigms. The chapter shows how green narratives of South-South cooperation—entailing the “low-carbon bioeconomy” on the Brazilian side, and the concept of “ecological civilization” on the Chinese side—collide with the high-carbon qualities of Sino-Brazilian trade. Importantly, Brazilian exports to China are currently adding to the carbon-intensive quality of the global economy. Additionally, bilateral trade is indicative of a new pattern of global inequality in which Brazilian geographies of oil, iron ore and soy extraction provide the material basis for China’s economic transformation.
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Tonelli, Gabriele, Michela Faccoli, Roberto Gotti, and Giovanna Cornacchia. "Archaeometallurgical Investigation on Historical Sword-Making Techniques in Northern Italy Between the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries." In Martial Culture and Historical Martial Arts in Europe and Asia, 183–99. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2037-0_6.

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AbstractThe history of Brescia (Latin Brixia), a city in northern Italy, is characterized by a long manufacturing tradition, in particular the crafting of steel weapons and armor. This was made possible thanks to the availability of iron ore, the great forests from which to obtain charcoal, the numerous streams used as the driving force for power hammers and forges, but most importantly the ingenuity and industry of the people. Beginning in the pre-Roman age, the skills of the masters and craftsmen steadily progressed over the centuries, until Brescia and its vicinity became one of the most important arms production centers in Europe between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. This paper presents an overview of the weapon manufacturing region of northern Italy, in particular Brescia. Moreover, a metallurgical study performed on an early seventeenth century north Italian “storta” sword has shed light on historical sword-smithing technologies and enabled us to discover the secrets behind the high-quality Italian weapons.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Iron ore quality control"

1

Eremenko, Yu I., D. A. Poleshchenko, and Y. A. Tsygankov. "Prediction of Quality Indicators of Iron Ore Processing Operations Using Deep Neural Networks." In 2020 2nd International Conference on Control Systems, Mathematical Modeling, Automation and Energy Efficiency (SUMMA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/summa50634.2020.9280676.

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2

Everett, Jim, T. Howard, and M. Kamperman. "The Development of an MIS for Iron Ore Mining Operations." In 2001 Informing Science Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2428.

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We describe the development and implementation of a management informing system (MIS) to aid the mining, transporting, stockpiling and shipping of iron ore. Ore is railed from mines to a port, where it is blended on stockpiles and recovered to ships. The project commenced as a Decision Support System to aid quality control of ore grade. It evolved to become an MIS aiding operators, decision makers and managers at multiple stages and levels of the production process. The project’s history provides valuable lessons for the development of an MIS. The project was designed and implemented with clients rather than for clients, ownership by the users was emphasized, and domain knowledge was sought and incorporated at every stage. Contrary to textbook prescription, these considerations suggest that, rather than basing a project upon some initial grand plan, an incremental evolution is preferable, with developers and users cooperatively exploring possibilities as they unfold.
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3

Dechevsky, Lubomir T., Gabor Sziebig, and Peter Korondi. "Optimizing the automation of an iron ore production line — A case study, part II: Optimal automated quality control." In 2016 IEEE International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (PEMC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/epepemc.2016.7752088.

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4

Poleshchenko, D. A., Y. A. Tsygankov, and S. D. Kurgalin. "Subsystem to Predict Quality Indicators of Iron Ore Processing on Basis of Hybrid Deep Neural Network Models for Each Particular Production Unit." In 2021 3rd International Conference on Control Systems, Mathematical Modeling, Automation and Energy Efficiency (SUMMA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/summa53307.2021.9632015.

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5

E. Everett, James, M. Kamperman, and T. Howard. "Information for Decision Support, Information for Performance Evaluation - But Don’t Mix Your Drinks." In 2002 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2473.

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When the same information is used to support decisions and to evaluate performance, a falsely optimistic view of performance may result. An example occurs in quality control during ship loading for iron ore export. Ore quality depends upon consistent composition. Ore is sampled periodically during reclamation from stockpiles. The ship loader was moved from between source stockpiles when the sample assays differed from target composition. Each ship loader move incurred costly delays. We found the apparent variations in composition could be largely ascribed to measurement error, and that intended correction during ship loading might even be harming quality. The policy was changed, to load ships from a single stockpile without interruption. Sample assays were used to evaluate performance, not to drive decisions. Data are analyzed from 466 shiploads, spanning the years before and after the change of policy, to compare quality performance, as measured by the exporter and by the customer.
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"Flow Optimization for Iron Ore Reclaiming Process." In 9th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0003975404250432.

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"SIMULATION MODELLING OF IRON ORE PRODUCTION SYSTEM AND QUALITY MANAGEMENT." In 8th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0002443203000303.

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König, Uwe, Nicholas Norberg, and Luciano Gobbo. "FROM IRON ORE TO IRON SINTER – PROCESS CONTROL USING X-RAY DIFFRACTION (XRD)." In 45º Redução / 16º Minério de Ferro / 3º Aglomeração. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/2594-357x-26276.

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9

Jinxin Liu, Jinli Liu, Jinliang Ding, and Tianyou Chai. "Intelligent control for operation of iron ore magnetic separating process." In 2008 7th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcica.2008.4593369.

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10

Xie, Dong, Jinliang Shi, Guorong Cheng, and Yunjun Wu. "Design of Intelligent Temperature Control System for Iron Ore Reduction." In 2nd International Conference on Electronic and Mechanical Engineering and Information Technology. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emeit.2012.293.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Iron ore quality control"

1

Morkun, Volodymyr, Natalia Morkun, Andrii Pikilnyak, Serhii Semerikov, Oleksandra Serdiuk, and Irina Gaponenko. The Cyber-Physical System for Increasing the Efficiency of the Iron Ore Desliming Process. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4373.

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Анотація:
It is proposed to carry out the spatial effect of high-energy ultrasound dynamic effects with controlled characteristics on the solid phase particles of the ore pulp in the deslimer input product to increase the efficiency of thickening and desliming processes of iron ore beneficiation products. The above allows predicting the characteristics of particle gravitational sedimentation based on an assessment of the spatial dynamics of pulp solid- phase particles under the controlled action of high-energy ultrasound and fuzzy logical inference. The object of study is the assessment of the characteristics and the process of control the operations of thickening and deslaming of iron ore beneficiation products in the conditions of the technological line of the ore beneficiation plant. The subject of study is a cyber-physical system based on the use of high-energy ultrasound radiation pressure effects on iron-containing beneficiation products in the technological processes of thickening and desliming. The working hypothesis of the project is that there is a relationship between the physical-mechanical and chemical-mineralogical characteristics of the iron ore pulp solid- phase particles and their behavior in technological flows under the influence of controlled ultrasonic radiation, based on which the imitation modeling of the gravitational sedimentation process of the iron ore pulp solid-phase particles can be performed directly in the technological process. Also, the optimal control actions concerning the processes of thickening and desliming can be determined.
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2

Banin, Amos, Joseph Stucki, and Joel Kostka. Redox Processes in Soils Irrigated with Reclaimed Sewage Effluents: Field Cycles and Basic Mechanism. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695870.bard.

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The overall objectives of the project were: (a) To measure and study in situ the effect of irrigation with reclaimed sewage effluents on redox processes and related chemical dynamics in soil profiles of agricultural fields. (b) To study under controlled conditions the kinetics and equilibrium states of selected processes that affect redox conditions in field soils or that are effected by them. Specifically, these include the effects on heavy metals sorption and desorption, and the effect on pesticide degradation. On the basis of the initial results from the field study, increased effort was devoted to clarifying and quantifying the effects of plants and water regime on the soil's redox potential while the study of heavy metals sorption was limited. The use of reclaimed sewage effluents as agricultural irrigation water is increasing at a significant rate. The relatively high levels of suspended and, especially, dissolved organic matter and nitrogen in effluents may affect the redox regime in field soils irrigated with them. In turn, the changes in redox regime may affect, among other parameters, the organic matter and nitrogen dynamics of the root zone and trace organic decomposition processes. Detailed data of the redox potential regime in field plots is lacking, and the detailed mechanisms of its control are obscure and not quantified. The study established the feasibility of long-term, non-disturbing monitoring of redox potential regime in field soils. This may enable to manage soil redox under conditions of continued inputs of wastewater. The importance of controlling the degree of wastewater treatment, particularly of adding ultrafiltration steps and/or tertiary treatment, may be assessed based on these and similar results. Low redox potential was measured in a field site (Site A, KibutzGivat Brenner), that has been irrigated with effluents for 30 years and was used for 15 years for continuous commercial sod production. A permanently reduced horizon (Time weighted averaged pe= 0.33±3.0) was found in this site at the 15 cm depth throughout the measurement period of 10 months. A drastic cultivation intervention, involving prolonged drying and deep plowing operations may be required to reclaim such soils. Site B, characterized by a loamy texture, irrigated with tap water for about 20 years was oxidized (Time weighted average pe=8.1±1.0) throughout the measurement period. Iron in the solid phases of the Givat Brenner soils is chemically-reduced by irrigation. Reduced Fe in these soils causes a change in reactivity toward the pesticide oxamyl, which has been determined to be both cytotoxic and genotoxic to mammalian cells. Reaction of oxamyl with reduced-Fe clay minerals dramatically decreases its cytotoxicity and genotoxicity to mammalian cells. Some other pesticides are affected in the same manner, whereas others are affected in the opposite direction (become more cyto- and genotoxic). Iron-reducing bacteria (FeRB) are abundant in the Givat Brenner soils. FeRB are capable of coupling the oxidation of small molecular weight carbon compounds (fermentation products) to the respiration of iron under anoxic conditions, such as those that occur under flooded soil conditions. FeRB from these soils utilize a variety of Fe forms, including Fe-containing clay minerals, as the sole electron acceptor. Daily cycles of the soil redox potential were discovered and documented in controlled-conditions lysimeter experiments. In the oxic range (pe=12-8) soil redox potential cycling is attributed to the effect of the daily temperature cycle on the equilibrium constant of the oxygenation reaction of H⁺ to form H₂O, and is observed under both effluent and freshwater irrigation. The presence of plants affects considerably the redox potential regime of soils. Redox potential cycling coupled to the irrigation cycles is observed when the soil becomes anoxic and the redox potential is controlled by the Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple. This is particularly seen when plants are grown. Re-oxidation of the soil after soil drying at the end of an irrigation cycle is affected to some degree by the water quality. Surprisingly, the results suggest that under certain conditions recovery is less pronounced in the freshwater irrigated soils.
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3

Blumwald, Eduardo, and Avi Sadka. Citric acid metabolism and mobilization in citrus fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7587732.bard.

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Accumulation of citric acid is a major determinant of maturity and fruit quality in citrus. Many citrus varieties accumulate citric acid in concentrations that exceed market desires, reducing grower income and consumer satisfaction. Citrate is accumulated in the vacuole of the juice sac cell, a process that requires both metabolic changes and transport across cellular membranes, in particular, the mitochondrial and the vacuolar (tonoplast) membranes. Although the accumulation of citrate in the vacuoles of juice cells has been clearly demonstrated, the mechanisms for vacuolar citrate homeostasis and the components controlling citrate metabolism and transport are still unknown. Previous results in the PIs’ laboratories have indicated that the expression of a large number of a large number of proteins is enhanced during fruit development, and that the regulation of sugar and acid content in fruits is correlated with the differential expression of a large number of proteins that could play significant roles in fruit acid accumulation and/or regulation of acid content. The objectives of this proposal are: i) the characterization of transporters that mediate the transport of citrate and determine their role in uptake/retrieval in juice sac cells; ii) the study of citric acid metabolism, in particular the effect of arsenical compounds affecting citric acid levels and mobilization; and iii) the development of a citrus fruit proteomics platform to identify and characterize key processes associated with fruit development in general and sugar and acid accumulation in particular. The understanding of the cellular processes that determine the citrate content in citrus fruits will contribute to the development of tools aimed at the enhancement of citrus fruit quality. Our efforts resulted in the identification, cloning and characterization of CsCit1 (Citrus sinensis citrate transporter 1) from Navel oranges (Citrus sinesins cv Washington). Higher levels of CsCit1 transcripts were detected at later stages of fruit development that coincided with the decrease in the juice cell citrate concentrations (Shimada et al., 2006). Our functional analysis revealed that CsCit1 mediates the vacuolar efflux of citrate and that the CsCit1 operates as an electroneutral 1CitrateH2-/2H+ symporter. Our results supported the notion that it is the low permeable citrateH2 - the anion that establishes the buffer capacity of the fruit and determines its overall acidity. On the other hand, it is the more permeable form, CitrateH2-, which is being exported into the cytosol during maturation and controls the citrate catabolism in the juice cells. Our Mass-Spectrometry-based proteomics efforts (using MALDI-TOF-TOF and LC2- MS-MS) identified a large number of fruit juice sac cell proteins and established comparisons of protein synthesis patterns during fruit development. So far, we have identified over 1,500 fruit specific proteins that play roles in sugar metabolism, citric acid cycle, signaling, transport, processing, etc., and organized these proteins into 84 known biosynthetic pathways (Katz et al. 2007). This data is now being integrated in a public database and will serve as a valuable tool for the scientific community in general and fruit scientists in particular. Using molecular, biochemical and physiological approaches we have identified factors affecting the activity of aconitase, which catalyze the first step of citrate catabolism (Shlizerman et al., 2007). Iron limitation specifically reduced the activity of the cytosolic, but not the mitochondrial, aconitase, increasing the acid level in the fruit. Citramalate (a natural compound in the juice) also inhibits the activity of aconitase, and it plays a major role in acid accumulation during the first half of fruit development. On the other hand, arsenite induced increased levels of aconitase, decreasing fruit acidity. We have initiated studies aimed at the identification of the citramalate biosynthetic pathway and the role(s) of isopropylmalate synthase in this pathway. These studies, especially those involved aconitase inhibition by citramalate, are aimed at the development of tools to control fruit acidity, particularly in those cases where acid level declines below the desired threshold. Our work has significant implications both scientifically and practically and is directly aimed at the improvement of fruit quality through the improvement of existing pre- and post-harvest fruit treatments.
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4

Morkun, Vladimir S., Natalia V. Morkun, and Andrey V. Pikilnyak. Augmented reality as a tool for visualization of ultrasound propagation in heterogeneous media based on the k-space method. [б. в.], February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3757.

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For programming the AR tools, interactive objects and creating the markers, the method of fiber spaces (k-space) for modeling of ultrasonic wave propagation in an inhomogeneous medium using coarse grids, with maintaining the required accuracy was used. The algorithm and tools of augmented reality were introduced into the adaptive control system of the pulp gas phase in the iron ore flotation process using a control action on the basis of high-energy ultrasound dynamic effects generated by ultrasonic phased arrays. The tools of augmented reality based on k-space methods allow to facilitate wider adoption of ultrasound technology and visualize the ultra-sound propagation in heterogeneous media by providing a specific correspondence between the ultrasound data acquired in real- time and a sufficiently detailed augmented 3D scene. The tools of augmented reality allow seeing the field of ultrasound propagation, its characteristics, as well as the effect of the dynamic effects of ultrasound on the change in the gas phase during the flotation process.
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