Готові списки джерел за темами / Iron and steel structures

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Iron and steel structures"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 19 жовтня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Iron and steel structures"

Ruddy, John. "Conservation compendium. Part 3: Historic wrought iron, cast iron and mild steel." Structural Engineer 93, no. 2 (February 1, 2015): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.56330/nhsa9029.

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As structural engineering students, we learn about mild steel, modern design and construction methods. However, historic structures often do not fit into this mould. Whether you work in conservation or are a general practitioner, you are likely to come across cast iron, wrought iron, as well as early mild steel structures.

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Pechlivani, E. M., and F. Stergioudis. "Commensurability of the Structures of Boride Layers." Key Engineering Materials 495 (November 2011): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.495.181.

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The interaction of solid NH4HCO3 with iron, where the ammonia product has been adsorbed nondissociatively to iron surfaces at low temperatures [1] was investigated. The nitride clusters formed on steel substrates modified the surface morphology and characteristics of the substrate and influenced their adhesion during subsequent procedure of coating. In our case, efforts were made to decorate the steel substrate in order to influence the base metal reactivity towards boron and its ability to react and form stable compounds with boron [2]. Boride layers on steel are examined by means of SEM and XRD analysis. The decorated surface was observed by FTIR method.

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Kuo, Chin-Guo, Lih-Ren Hwang, and Yen-Tien Kang. "A study of microstructure and tensile property with casting S45C welding." MATEC Web of Conferences 185 (2018): 00032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818500032.

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For energy saving and longer life time of a large casting iron may use of weld repairs or make up to more save manufacture time and energy than re-casting. Such as breakage, crack and wear in large casting iron castings used weld to repair casting for eco-energy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the dissimilar joint property of S45C carbon steel with the multi-layer method and the multi-pass welding method. Four weld rods, experimentally examined the influence on microstructures, which were marked as A, B, C and D, respectively. The microstructures of joint bead were observed by the optical microscope. The specimens of tensile test were made according to ASTM E8M. The experimental results were shown as following: 1. The pearlite structures and the bainite structures were formed in welded zone by the weld rod of middle carbon steels. The yield strength and ultimate strength of the specimens were 360MPa and 460MPa. 2. The feature of welded specimen was close to stainless steel due to the stainless steel rod included some Cr and Ni. In addition, a ferritic-austenitic two-phase stainless steel was observed in optical microscope.

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Crosby-Jones, F. "CORROSION OF IRON AND STEEL STRUCTURES AND THEIR PRESERVATION." Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers 26, no. 2 (March 18, 2009): 602–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1914.tb01142.x.

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Maraveas, Chrysanthos, Zacharias Fasoulakis, and Konstantinos Daniel Tsavdaridis. "Post-fire assessment and reinstatement of steel structures." Journal of Structural Fire Engineering 8, no. 2 (June 12, 2017): 181–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsfe-03-2017-0028.

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Purpose This paper aims to present technical aspects of the assessment method and evaluation of fire damaged steel structures. The current work focuses on the behavior of structural normal steel (hot-rolled and cold-formed) and high-strength bolts after exposure to elevated temperatures. Information on stainless steel, cast iron and wrought iron is also presented. Design/methodology/approach Because of the complexity of the issue, an elaborate presentation of the mechanical properties influencing factors is followed. Subsequently, a wide range of experimental studies is extensively reviewed in the literature while simplified equations for determining the post-fire mechanical properties are proposed, following appropriate categorization. Moreover, the reinstatement survey is also comprehensively described. Findings Useful conclusions are drawn for the safe reuse of the structural elements and connection components. According to the parametric investigation of the aforementioned data, it can be safely concluded that the most common scenario of buildings after fire events, i.e. apart from excessively distorted structures, implies considerable remaining capacity of the structure, highlighting that subsequent demolition should not be the case, especially regarding critical infrastructure and buildings. Originality/value The stability of the structure as a whole is addressed, with aim to establish specific guidelines and code provisions for the correct appraisal and rehabilitation of fire damaged structures.

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Emelianov, Vitalii, Sergei Chernyi, Anton Zinchenko, Nataliia Emelianova, Elena Zinchenko, and Kirill Chernobai. "Information System for Diagnosing the Condition of the Complex Structures Based on Neural Networks." Energies 15, no. 9 (April 19, 2022): 2977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15092977.

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In this paper, we describe the relevance of diagnosing the lining condition of steel ladles in metallurgical facilities. Accidents with steel ladles lead to losses and different types of damage in iron and steel works. We developed an algorithm for recognizing thermograms of steel ladles to identify burnout zones in the lining based on the technology and design of neural networks. A diagnostic system structure for automated evaluating of the technical conditions of steel ladles without taking them out of service has been developed and described.

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Ning, Jiang Li, Lu Huang, and Ya Tong Zhang. "The Strength-Ductility Balance of an Ultrafine-Grained Medium-Carbon Steel Produced by Severe Plastic Deformation." Key Engineering Materials 727 (January 2017): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.727.211.

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By processing with different high pressure torsion procedures, we obtained ultrafine-grained structures in medium-carbon steel and pure iron with different microstructural features. The UFG carbon steel exhibited a better balance of tensile strength and ductility in comparison with the UFG pure iron. The higher strength of the carbon steel is ascribed to the finer ferrite grain size, the dispersed carbide particles and the presence of alloying elements. The reasonable ductility of carbon steel is attributed to the maintaining of positive work hardening rate at high strain stage of tension, owing to the presence of intragranular particles and high fraction of high-angle boundaries.

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Pusterhofer, Michael, Florian Summer, Michael Maier, and Florian Grün. "Assessment of Shaft Surface Structures on the Tribological Behavior of Journal Bearings by Physical and Virtual Simulation." Lubricants 8, no. 1 (January 15, 2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants8010008.

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Optimizing the surface topography of cast iron crankshafts offers the opportunity to use this material as an alternative to steel in high-performance combustion engines. In the past, this was not possible due to the higher wear on bearing shells and the higher friction losses in relation to forged steel shafts. In order to find an optimized shaft micro topography, the friction and wear behavior of steel and cast iron shafts with different surface treatments were compared to each other, using a combined physical (experimental) and a virtual (computational) simulation approach. The experiments were carried out with a rotary tribometer using a journal bearing test configuration with the possibility to test real-life bearing shells and shaft specimens, manufactured from real-life crankshafts. In the experiments, a polished steel shaft with low bearing wear was effective. The optimization of cast iron crankshafts by a novel surface treatment showed a significant reduction of bearing wear in relation to the classical surface finishing procedures of cast iron shafts. A computational simulation approach, considering the real-life micro topography by using the Navier–Stokes equations for the calculation of micro hydrodynamics, supports the assessment of fluid friction. The virtual simulation shows, in accordance to the experimental results, only a minor influence of the investigated shaft topographies on the fluid friction. Further optimization of shaft surfaces for journal bearing systems seems possible only by the usage of patterned micro topographies.

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Berdiev, D. M., M. A. Umarova, B. M. Saydumarov, and T. N. Ibodullaev. "Establishing the influence of structure parameters of steel on their abrasive wear resistance." E3S Web of Conferences 371 (2023): 01016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337101016.

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We studied carbon steels (from technical iron to Y8) and low-alloy steel 65G. The grades of these steels are regulated by GOST 8559-75. To create different structures in the studied steels, the samples were subjected to heat treatment. The processing modes were selected in such a way as to ensure the study of the effect on wear resistance of one structural parameter of steel with the relative stability of other parameters. The relationships between the parameters of the structure of heat-treated steels and their abrasive wear resistance are established. At all temperatures of the final tempering of hardened steel, there is a direct relationship between its structure parameters (the number of elements in a solid solution, the density of dislocations, the size of cementite particles and the intercementite distance) and wear resistance when sliding friction against loose abrasive particles. A computer program has been developed to select the chemical composition of the steel grade and methods of thermal hardening in order to ensure the required wear resistance.

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Bao, Wei Ping, Zhi Ping Xiong, Fu Ming Wang, Jian Shu, and Xue Ping Ren. "Comparison of Dynamic Mechanical Properties between Pure Iron (BCC) and Fe-30Mn-3Si-4Al TWIP Steel (FCC)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 692 (November 2014): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.692.179.

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Dynamic mechanical properties and microstructures of pure iron and Fe-30Mn-3Si-4Al TWIP (TWinning Induced Plasticity) steel were conducted by SHPB (Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar), OM (Optical Microscopy) and TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope), at the strain rate ranging from 102 to 105 s-1 and at room temperature. The effect of high strain rate on the mechanical responses of pure iron and Fe-30Mn-3Si-4Al TWIP steel belonging to BCC (Body Centered Cubic) and FCC (Face Centered Cubic) structures respectively was evaluated. The comparison of deformation mechanism was analyzed between them and it concluded that dislocation gliding is a major deformation mechanism in pure iron with BCC structure and deformation twinning plays a significant role in Fe-30Mn-3Si-4Al TWIP steel with FCC structure.

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Дисертації з теми "Iron and steel structures"

Medina, Ricardo A. Krawinkler Helmut. "Seismic demands for nondeteriorating frame structures and their dependence on ground motions /." Berkeley : Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, 2004. http://peer.berkeley.edu/publications.

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Originally published as first author's thesis.
"May 2004." "John A. Blume Earthquake Engineering Center, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Stanford University." Includes bibliographical references.

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Lui, Wing Man. "Design of cold-formed high strength stainless steel tubular columns and beam-columns /." View abstract or full-text, 2004. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202004%20LUI.

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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-154). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.

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Dong, Chunxiao, and 董春宵. "Uni-axial behaviour of concrete-filled-steel-tubular columns with external confinement." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/195975.

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This thesis studies the uni-axial behaviour of circular double-skinned concrete-filled-steel-tubular (CFST) columns with external confinement in form of external steel rings. Particular attention is paid to the experimental behaviour of double-skinned CFST columns and theoretical model for evaluating the loadcarrying capacity of un- and ring-confined double-skinned CFST columns. Experimental studies on circular double-skinned CFST columns with various spacing of confinement, concrete strength and hollow ratio were conducted and discussed comprehensively. The mechanical properties of double-skinned CFST columns such as elastic stiffness, elastic strength, load-carrying capacity and ductility are presented. From the result, it is found that the elastic stiffness, elastic strength, load-carrying capacity and ductility are enhanced by installing the external steel rings to the outer tube as external confinement. To verify the effectiveness of external steel rings, the Poisson’s ratios of the double-skinned CFST columns are listed and found to be similar to that of concrete so that a perfect bonding is maintained. To emphasis the excellent performance of double-skinned CFST columns with external rings under uni-axial compression, the load-carrying capacity, elastic strength and elastic stiffness are compared to those of single-skinned CFST columns and reinforced concrete columns. To fill up the gap that no design model is provided in Eurocode 4 (EC4) for confined double-skinned CFST columns, a theoretical model based on the force equilibrium condition is proposed for evaluating the load-carrying capacity of both un- and ring-confined double-skinned CFST columns. The model takes into account the composite action between the steel tubes and core concrete. To verify the proposed model, numerous test results obtained by the author and other researchers are used for comparing the theoretical results. According to the above theoretical model above, a parametric study is carried out to investigate the effect of various geometry and material properties on the load-carrying capacity of double-skinned CFST columns. The confining pressure is expressed in terms of geometry and material factors. A simplified design formula is proposed to facilitate the preliminary design of double-skinned CFST columns with and without external confinement.
published_or_final_version
Civil Engineering
Master
Master of Philosophy

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WILLIAMS, GEORGE CLAY. "STEEL CONNECTION DESIGNS BASED ON INELASTIC FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSES (GUSSET, BRACING, STRUCTURES)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/188168.

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Analytical and experimental studies were made to develop design procedures for steel gusset plate connections in diagonally braced frames. Stiffness and strength models of structural fasteners based on physical tests were incorporated into inelastic finite element analyses. The modeling techniques were verified by comparing analytical and experimental results of full scale connection tests. Finite element models of bracing connections were generated to determine gusset plate force, stress, strain, and displacement distributions for a variety of connection designs including K-bracing and X-bracing. Based on these results current design procedures were scrutinized and new design procedures were proposed for predicting the tensile strength, buckling strength, and force distributions for bracing connections. Additionally, it was found that gusseted beam-to-column connections are rigid (AISC Type I) and the centroidal axes of the brace, beam, and column members do not necessarily need to intersect at a common working point.

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Linzell, Daniel Gattner. "Studies of a full-scale horizontally curved steel I-girder bridge system under self-weight." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/18342.

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Biddah, Aiman Mahmoud Samy. "Evaluation of the seismic level of protection of steel moment resisting frame building structures." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0007/NQ42833.pdf.

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Lo, David Siu-Kau. "A contribution to the computer aided design of optimized structures for the steel industry." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28497.

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A practical method of incorporating realistic flexible connections including the effect of connection sizes and shear deflection in plane frame analysis is presented. The general algorithm can be easily implemented in a standard plane frame analysis program and once implemented it can be an ideal tool for production work in the steel industry. In this approach connection stiffness is programmed directly into the analysis by utilizing the connection moment-rotation equations developed by Frye and Morris but it may also be entered separately as data. Nonlinear connection analysis is carried out by the procedure outlined by Frye and Morris. Practical application of this method of analysis is demonstrated by modifying a standard plane frame analysis program to include the effect of flexible connections. The validity of the modified program, CPlane, was verified against the findings of Moncarz and Gerstle. Using CPlane, a simple plane frame structure was analyzed under various lateral load intensities for different connection assumptions. It was found that the inclusion of connection behavior significantly altered the internal force distribution and design of the structure.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Department of
Graduate

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Li, Guzhao. "Bracing design requirements for inelastic members." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID, 2002. http://www.lib.utexas.edu/etd/r/d/2002/guzhaol022/guzhaol022.pdf#page=4.

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Inegbenebor, A. O. "Structure-property relationships in some iron-manganese-molybdenum steels." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380862.

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Chao, Min. "The design and behaviour of concrete filled steel tubular beam-columns /." View thesis View thesis, 2000. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030429.154344/index.html.

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Книги з теми "Iron and steel structures"

Mark, Watson, Dakin A, Historic Scotland. Technical Conservation, Research and Education Group, and Historic Scotland, eds. Scottish iron structures. Edinburgh: Historic Scotland, 2006.

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Abu-Saba, Elias G. Design of steel structures. New York: Chapman & Hall, 1995.

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Beg, Darko. Design of plated structures: Eurocode 3 : Design of steel structures : part 1-5--Design of plated structures. Berlin: Ernst, Wilhelm & Sohn, 2010.

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Ambrose, James E. Simplified design of steel structures. 7th ed. New York: J. Wiley & Sons, 1997.

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Harry, Parker. Simplified design of steel structures. 6th ed. New York: Wiley, 1990.

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Gaylord, Edwin H. Design of steel structures. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1992.

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Kensetsushō Kenchiku Kenkyūjo (Japan). Working Group on Stainless Steel. A proposal of structural design method of stainless steel building structures. Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan: Building Research Institute, Ministry of Construction, 1994.

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Trahair, N. S. The behaviour and design of steel structures. 2nd ed. London: E & FN Spon, 1994.

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1932-, Fukumoto Yuhshi, ed. Structural stability design: Steel and composite structures. Oxford: Pergamon, 1997.

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R, Narayanan, ed. Steel structures: Advances, design, and construction. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1987.

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Частини книг з теми "Iron and steel structures"

Boothby, Thomas E. "Empirical Design of Iron and Steel Structures." In Engineering Iron and Stone, 49–55. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413838.ch04.

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Lwin, M. Myint, Alexander D. Wilson, and Vasant C. Mistry. "High-Performance Steels in the United States." In Use and Application of High-Performance Steels for Steel Structures, 11–44. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed008.011.

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In 1992, the U.S. Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) initiated an effort with the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) and the U. S. Navy (Navy) to develop new high-performance steels (HPS) for bridges. The driving force for this project was the need to develop improved higher strength, improved weldability, higher toughness steels to improve the overall quality and fabricability of steels used in bridges in the United States. It was furthermore established that such steels should be "weathering". By this is meant the ability to perform without painting under normal atmospheric conditions.

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Bussell, Michael. "Use of Iron and Steel in Buildings." In Structures & Construction in Historic Building Conservation, 173–91. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470691816.ch10.

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Ramazani, Ali, Banu Berme, and Ulrich Prahl. "Steel and Iron Based Alloys." In Structural Materials and Processes in Transportation, 5–48. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527649846.ch1.

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Dalgic, Münip, and Paul Beiss. "Structure Property Relationships of Porous Sintered Iron and Steel." In Materials Development and Processing - Bulk Amorphous Materials, Undercooling and Powder Metallurgy, 201–9. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527607277.ch33.

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Apfelbacher, Lukas, Patrick Hegele, Arne Davids, Leonhard Hitzler, Christian Krempaszky, and Ewald Werner. "Microstructure and Properties of the Fusion Zone in Steel-Cast Iron Composite Castings." In Advanced Structured Materials, 203–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11589-9_14.

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Reincke, T., S. Kreling, and K. Dilger. "The Production-Related Influence of Iron Oxides on Steel Surfaces on the Adhesion of Fusion-Bonded Hybrid Structures." In Advanced Structured Materials, 363–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50784-2_27.

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Sire, Stéphane. "Global Statistical Analysis of Old Iron and Steel Properties Based on Old and Recent Literature Review." In Structural Integrity, 259–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97822-8_30.

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Baharudin, Bakhtiar Ariff, Fauzuddin Ayob, Aziz Abdul Rahim, Mazli Mustapha, Azman Ismail, Fauziah Ab Rahman, and Asmawi Ismail. "Investigation on the Mechanical and Microstructural Characteristics of Diffusional Bonded Gray Cast Iron and Low Carbon Steel." In Advanced Structured Materials, 245–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89988-2_19.

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Zahraei, Seyed Mehdi, Alireza Moradi, and Mohammadreza Moradi. "Using Pall Friction Dampers for Seismic Retrofit of a 4-Story Steel Building in Iran." In Topics in Dynamics of Civil Structures, Volume 4, 101–7. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6555-3_12.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Iron and steel structures"

Helmerich, Rosemarie. "How to assess historic iron and steel bridges." In IABSE Conference, Copenhagen 2018: Engineering the Past, to Meet the Needs of the Future. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/copenhagen.2018.468.

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The early industrialization process required a higher and higher developed infrastructure to transfer more and more people and goods. These requirements lead to the development of new materials that can resist the higher loading, to advances in mechanical engineering, more sophisticated calculation methods and transfer of all these advances to infrastructure to build longer spanning or higher rising structures. During the 18th and 19th century, the advances in industrialization resulted in new production processes, for iron, too. After using iron in mechanical engineering, it was applied to infrastructure as well [1]. Today, these first old iron and early mild steel structures belong to the cultural and technical heritage of the world. When looking at them as an assessing engineer, it is in favour understanding the production process, the resulting microstructure and the mechanical properties of the specific material. Any historic iron structure requires special knowledge about connections, structural design and of course, the material behaviour [2]. The paper presents these basics and some guiding documents on how to “engineer the past”. Selected representative heritage structures made of cast iron, wrought iron and early mild iron as well their material- and structurespecific requirements on rehabilitation are presented. Appropriate assessment procedures, developed e.g. in technical committees and European projects, allow us keeping the witnesses of the early industrialisation in service and the surviving structures being still in use. Finally, the background documents prepared in Europe will be shortly presented to guide the assessment of old iron bridges considering the past but in line with modern methodology. The background documents support the implementation, harmonization and further development of the Eurocodes for assessment, not only for design.

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Dubey, Shubhi, Ashita Singh, and Suresh Singh Kushwah. "Utilization of iron and steel slag in building construction." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES FOR CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURES (SMSCI2019). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5127156.

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Madruga, Francisco J., Victor Alvarez, Daniel A. Gonzalez, Juan Echevarria, and Jose Miguel Lopez-Higuera. "Optical fiber transducer for monitoring the cooling profile of iron-steel bars." In SPIE's 9th Annual International Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, edited by Daniele Inaudi and Eric Udd. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.472630.

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Sugimoto, Yuma, Yugo Shirai, and Takashi Yamaguchi. "Development of Ductile Cast Iron Components to Shorten On-site Assembly of Existing Steel Earth-Retaining Beams." In IABSE Symposium, Prague 2022: Challenges for Existing and Oncoming Structures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/prague.2022.0196.

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Nowadays, reducing on-site construction period is a major issue in Japan. Since joining of structural members is always conducted on-site, reducing joint parts contributes to a reduction of on-site construction period. This study examines a new joint structure of Steel Earth-Retaining Beams (SERBs) used during excavation work. Many bolts are used in a connection of SERBs. To reduce the number of bolts in SERBs while reusing the existing SERBs, this study developed ductile cast iron components which are installed SERB connections with FE analysis. Particular, we proposed the shape of the ductile cast iron components to improve the joint strength performance, and clarified the applicability of the cast iron parts in the SERB connection.

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Lopez-Higuera, Jose Miguel, Francisco J. Madruga Saavedra, Daniel A. Gonzalez Fernandez, Victor Alvarez Ortego, and Javier Hierro. "High-temperature optical fiber transducer for a smart structure on iron-steel production industry." In SPIE's 8th Annual International Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.435541.

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leon, Roberto T., Jay Harris, and Conrad Paulson. "Seismic Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Steel Structures in the United States." In IABSE Symposium, Manchester 2024: Construction’s Role for a World in Emergency. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/manchester.2024.0690.

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The USA has a very significant stock of existing steel buildings that were built before modern design provisions were incorporated into design codes for seismic and hurricane actions. Until about 10 years ago, evaluation and retrofit of structures were based on two documents: (1) ASCE 31 Seismic Evaluation of Existing Buildings, and (2) ASCE 41 Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings. Over the past decade, efforts have been made to (1) unify the evaluation and retrofit processes into a single document, with the ASCE 41 edition from 2017 mostly completing this task; and, (2) separating loading requirements, to be kept within a new ASCE 41, and material‐specific evaluation/retrofit provisions, to be developed for different construction materials by professional associations. As a result, AISC has recently published ANSI/AISC 342‐22 Seismic Provisions for Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Structural Steel Buildings to supplement the 2023 edition of ASCE41. This document applies to metal buildings, particularly steel ones but includes composite, cast iron, and wrought iron elements. To aid in this task, a new edition of the AISC Design Guide 15: Assessment and Repair of Structural Steel in Existing Buildings will be published soon. The paper and presentation will first give some context for the development of the Provisions, and then discuss significant changes, including, to name a few: (1) updates to the condition assessment process and its testing requirement; (2) conditions under which default material properties can be used; (3) factors for expected material yield/ultimate strength for different eras; (4) definitions of simplified force‐deformation curves for force‐ and deformation‐controlled elements; and (5) performance‐ based design parameters.

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Wouters, I., I. De Graeve, D. Van de Velde, M. de Bouw, and Q. Collette. "Towards a non-destructive methodology to distinguish wrought iron from mild steel in 19thcentury structures." In STREMAH 2011. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/str110241.

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Dakov, Dimitar, and Borislav Belev. "Condition Assessment of Steel Riveted Roof of Heritage Building in Sofia, Bulgaria." In IABSE Symposium, Prague 2022: Challenges for Existing and Oncoming Structures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/prague.2022.0884.

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The findings of a recent survey on the steel roof structure of an early-twentieth-century building located in Sofia, Bulgaria are reported. The steel roof structure is supported by solid masonry walls around the building perimeter and on slender cast-iron columns along two interior longitudinal lines. The south part of the building was severely damaged during the bombing raids over Sofia in WWII. The building underwent a major refurbishment within the 1995-2000 period accompanied by detailed survey and condition assessment of the steel roof structure. In 2020 the authors carried out a survey for condition assessment of the steel roof structure including checks of riveted connections, analysis of chemical composition by OES metal analyser and inspection of the roof cladding components by endoscopic device.

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Ibrahim, Mohamed A., Iman S. El-Mahallawi, Tarek M. Hatem, and Sarah Khalil. "Intrinsic Mechanisms of Self-Healing in Metallic Structures." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24094.

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Abstract Self-healing is the ability of a material to repair damages automatically. Approaches to self-healing are separated into two major categories, those are: 1) autonomous healing methods that depend on intrinsic mechanisms, and 2) assisted healing methods that need an external intervention. Recently, computational methods have gained a wide application to study self-healing in metals using molecular dynamics (MD) and finite element (FE) methods. These methods can be used to demonstrate and optimize different metallic alloys potential to self-heal, and to further tailor these metallic structures toward improving their mechanical and fracture properties through self-healing. Computational studies of self-healing phenomenon in metals have been small in number and scope till recently. Therefore, the current paper starts with a general introduction of different mechanisms of intrinsic self-healing in metallic structures. The paper highlights previous studies using different experimental and computational approaches to explore self-healing in metallic systems, while focusing on Iron/Steel alloys. Furthermore, the paper present authors work to study self-healing and its impact on mechanical properties of Iron. Simulations are carried on bi-crystalline iron sample to investigate the effect of alloying elements diffusion on the fracture / healing properties of iron alloys and their impact on its mechanical properties. Then the effect of the alloying elements diffusion on healing is studied upon stress application after annealing. Different samples been compared to healthy samples and cracked samples without self-healing to demonstrate the effectiveness of self-healing in Iron alloys.

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Bader, A., S. Lekakh, R. O'Malley, R. Osei, and D. Tsvetkov. "Effect of Mold Powder Residue on Thin-Cast Slab Scale Structure Evolution During Reheating and Descaling." In AISTech 2022 Proceedings of the Iron and Steel Technology Conference. AIST, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33313/386/090.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Iron and steel structures"

Bowman, Mark, and Amy Piskorowski. Evaluation and Repair of Wrought Iron and Steel Structures in Indiana. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284313207.

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Kenneth Kremer, Anthony Liszkiewicz, and James Adkins. Development of Steel Foam Materials and Structures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/840932.

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none,. Iron and Steel Footprint, December 2010 (MECS 2006). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1218672.

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CORPS OF ENGINEERS WASHINGTON DC. Inspection, Evaluation, and Repair of Hydraulic Steel Structures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada403421.

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CORPS OF ENGINEERS WASHINGTON DC. Engineering and Design: Responsibility for Hydraulic Steel Structures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404088.

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Race, Timothy D., Ashok Kumar, Robert A. Weber, and L. D. Stephenson. Overcoating of Lead-Based Paint on Steel Structures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada412886.

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Garlock, Maria, Joel Kruppa, Guo-Qiang Li, and Bin Zhao. White paper on fire behavior of steel structures. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.gcr.15-984.

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Dexter, Robert J., Hussam N. Mahmoud, Joseph A. Padula, and Guillermo A. Riveros. Fitness-for-Purpose Evaluation of Hydraulic Steel Structures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada474623.

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Guo, Yu-Tao, Jian-Sheng Fan, and Jian-Guo Nie. THE NEW TREND OF COMPARTMENT STEEL-CONCRETE-STEEL COMPOSITE STRUCTURES IN IMMERSED TUNNELS. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/icass2018.p.100.

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Acosta, Felipe, and Guillermo Riveros. Repair of corroded steel girders of hydraulic steel structures (HSS) using fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47404.

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Although steel hydraulic structures have a protective system to prevent corrosion, this type of deterioration will eventually occur due to the constant exposure to harsh environmental conditions. There are several techniques that can be implemented to repair corroded steel structural elements. This report presents a numerical study to evaluate the mechanical behavior of corroded steel girders used in hydraulic steel structures and to evaluate several carbon fiber–reinforced polymers (CFRP) layups to repair them. The girders were modeled as simply supported with four-point loading boundary conditions. The corrosion deterioration was modeled as loss in section as 10%, 25%, and 40%. The effectiveness of the deterioration was established based on the level of stresses at the steel compared with the undamaged condition after it is strengthened with CFRP. It was found that CFRP repair is more practical for reducing the stresses at the steel in the shear dominated zone if deterioration is below 25%. At the tensile dominated zone, CFRP is effective for reducing the stresses for deterioration below 40%.

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