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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Interventional guidance"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 29 червня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Interventional guidance"

Allen, David W., Paul S. Brady, and Terence A. S. Matalon. "Ultrasound Guidance in Interventional Radiology." Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology 29, no. 3 (January 2006): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00219246-200601310-00001.

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&NA;. "Ultrasound Guidance in Interventional Radiology." Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology 29, no. 3 (January 2006): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00219246-200601310-00002.

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Matalon, T. A., and B. Silver. "US guidance of interventional procedures." Radiology 174, no. 1 (January 1990): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.174.1.2403684.

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Yeung, Eugene Y., Wendy Thurston, Mark J. Quigley, and Chia-Sing Ho. "US Guidance of Interventional Procedures." Radiology 176, no. 1 (July 1990): 289–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.176.1.289-b.

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Aljediea, I., M. Alshehri, K. Alenazi, A. Memesh, and M. Fleet. "Experience of Radiology Technologists Performing Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters (PICC)." Arab Journal of Interventional Radiology 05, no. 02 (July 2021): 088–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1739303.

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Abstract Purpose We conducted this study to review our local experience of performing peripherally inserted central catheters by interventional radiology technologists. Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study of peripherally inserted central catheters performed by interventional radiology technologists. These procedures were performed using ultrasound guidance for venous puncture and fluoroscopy or electrocardiography guidance followed by chest X-ray to confirm tip location. Results We reviewed all peripherally inserted central catheters performed in interventional radiology between May 2017 and July 2020. The review process included the success rate, number of venous puncture attempts, method of guidance, procedure time, fluoroscopy time, catheter duration to removal, and complications. Conclusion Interventional radiology technologists can perform peripherally inserted central catheters safely with high success rate. Extending interventional radiology technologists' role to perform peripherally inserted central catheters allow interventional radiologists to do more complex procedures. This enhances the workflow, increases the interventional radiology team efficiency, and improves the waiting time.

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Powell, Michael F. "C-arm Fluoroscopic Cone Beam CT for Guidance of Minimally Invasive Spine Interventions." Pain Physician 1;13, no. 1;1 (January 14, 2010): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2010/13/51.

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Background: Isocentric C-arm fluoroscopic cone beam CT (CBCT) is a new technique for near real time 3-D volume imaging guidance of percutaneous interventional procedures. In combination with digital flat panel detectors, CBCT has high spatial resolution with isotropic voxel size, allowing for high resolution image reconstruction in any plane, including 3D rotational reconstructions. CBCT combines the advantages of conventional CT imaging guidance with the improved spatial resolution, patient positioning, and access of fluoroscopy. Objective: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the advantages of CBCT over conventional CT and biplane fluoroscopy for imaging guidance of minimally invasive spinal and paraspinal interventional procedures. Methods: Five patients referred to the department of interventional neuroradiology for percutaneous spinal or paraspinal interventional procedures were intraoperatively evaluated with CBCT to assist in guidance of instrumentation placement. Procedures included transoral cervical vertebral biopsy, percutaneous thoracic vertebral biopsy, vertebroplasty, pelvic paraspinal/epidural abscess drainage, and paraspinal fiducial marker placement for treatment of osteoid osteoma. Results: All procedures were successfully performed with satisfactory diagnostic yield or therapeutic effect without procedure-related complications. Conclusion: Isocentric C-arm fluoroscopic cone beam CT (CBCT) is a new technique for 3D volume imaging guidance of interventional procedures of the spine with the capability to produce near real time high resolution image reconstructions in any plane. Compared to conventional CT and biplane fluoroscopy, CBCT offers improved anatomic visualization allowing high accuracy instrumentation placement, improving procedure results and minimizing risk of complications. Key words: Vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, biopsy, computed tomography, CT, fluoroscopy, Carm, percutaneous, interventional radiology, imaging guidance

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Linden, Belinda. "Interventional guidance for treating resistant hypertension." British Journal of Cardiac Nursing 8, no. 7 (July 2013): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2013.8.7.311.

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Timpone, Dr Vincent. "Computed Tomography Guidance for Spinal Intervention: Basics of Technique, Pearls, and Avoiding Pitfalls." Pain Physician 4;16, no. 4;7 (July 14, 2013): 369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2013/16/369.

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The utilization of spinal interventional pain techniques has grown rapidly over the last decade. However, practitioners use widely different techniques in these procedures, particularly in the use of image guidance. The importance of image guidance was highlighted by the fact that in recent systematic reviews on therapeutic effectiveness of epidural steroid injections and facet joint interventions, only studies that used image guidance were included. The choice of image guidance remains a matter of physician preference with conventional fluoroscopic or Computed Tomography (CT) guidance most common. There are many advantages to CT guidance for certain spinal interventional pain procedures, mainly due to increased needle tip positioning accuracy. CT guidance provides greater anatomical detail that facilitates accurate needle trajectory planning, monitoring and final placement. Unlike conventional fluoroscopy that may be hindered by tissue overlap and lack of surrounding anatomical detail CT guidance offers direct visualization of the entire needle trajectory and the surrounding soft tissue and bone structures. Large osteophytes and adjacent vascular structures can be identified and safely avoided. The goals of this narrative review are to provide a basic overview of CT techniques available for spinal interventional pain procedures, to discuss the potential advantages and disadvantages of CT guidance, to provide a simple step-by-step approach to use of CT guidance, to share technical pearls, and to discuss methods to avoid potential pitfalls. This review will provide interventional pain physicians with knowledge of relevant CT image acquisition techniques and appropriate radiation dose reduction strategies. This will contribute to increased technical success rates while reducing radiation dose to the patient and staff. Key words: Computed tomography, fluoroscopy, analgesia, epidural injection, spinal injection, back pain, safety

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Blanco Sequeiros, R., R. Ojala, J. Kariniemi, J. Perälä, J. Niinimäki, H. Reinikainen, and O. Tervonen. "MR-guided interventional procedures: a review." Acta Radiologica 46, no. 6 (October 2005): 576–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841850510021742.

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as a potential guidance tool for a variety of procedures. Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures using either open surgical or percutaneous access are performed. They span from simple lesion targeting and biopsy to complex applications requiring multiple tasks performed simultaneously or in rapid succession. These tasks include instrument guidance and therapy monitoring as well as procedural follow-up. The interventional use of MRI (IMRI) is increasing steadily. This article reviews the prerequisites, systems, and clinical interventional procedures of IMRI.

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Harvey, Hugh, and Luke Oakden-Rayner. "Guidance for Interventional Trials Involving Artificial Intelligence." Radiology: Artificial Intelligence 2, no. 6 (November 1, 2020): e200228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/ryai.2020200228.

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Дисертації з теми "Interventional guidance"

Hammami, Houda. "Guidance of radioembolization procedures in the context of interventional oncology." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021REN1S121.

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La radioembolisation est une intervention mini-invasive réalisée pour traiter le cancer du foie en administrant des microsphères radioactives. Afin d'optimiser les résultats du traitement, la procédure est réalisée en deux sessions : une intervention de prétraitement, principalement réalisée pour localiser le site d'injection, évaluer la distribution et effectuer une évaluation dosimétrique, et une intervention de traitement réalisée pour injecter la dose appropriée de microsphères radioactives dans le site d'injection localisé. En raison la complexité de la vascularisation hépatique, les radiologues interventionnels manipulent soigneusement le cathéter, lors des deux interventions, sous guidage radiographique et recourent à l'injection de produit de contraste afin de visualiser les vaisseaux. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une nouvelle stratégie de guidage qui promet une simplification et une précision de la navigation du cathéter lors des deux interventions. Le système de navigation proposé traite les images préopératoires et peropératoires pour réaliser une fusion d'images grâce à une technique de recalage rigide. Cette approche est conçue pour 1) aider l'accès au tronc cœliaque, 2) aider l'accès au site d'injection et 3) reproduire le site d'injection lors de l'intervention de traitement. Sachant que le foie subit un déplacement lié au mouvement respiratoire, nous proposons également une approche qui permet d'obtenir une superposition dynamique des vaisseaux 3D projetés sur la fluoroscopie
Radioembolization is a minimally-invasive intervention performed to treat liver cancer by administering radioactive microspheres. In order to optimize radioembolization outcomes, the procedure is carried out in two sessions: pretreatment assessment intervention, mainly performed to locate the injection site, assess microspheres distribution and perform dosimetry evaluation, and treatment intervention performed to inject the estimated proper dose of radioactive microspheres in the located injection site. Due to the hepatic vasculature complexity, interventional radiologists carefully manipulate the catheter, during the two interventions, under X-Ray image guidance and resort to contrast media injection in order to highlight vessels. In this thesis, we propose a novel guidance strategy that promises a simplification and accuracy of the catheter navigation during the pretreatment assessment, as well as during the treatment interventions. The proposed navigation system processes pre- and intraoperative images to achieve intraoperative image fusion through a rigid registration technique. This approach is designed to 1) assist the celiac trunk access, 2) assist the injection site access and 3) automatically reproduce the injection site during the proper intervention. Knowing that the liver undergoes a motion induced by the breathing, we also propose an approach that allows obtaining a dynamic overlay of the projected 3D vessels onto fluoroscopy

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Gering, David T. (David Thomas) 1971. "A system for surgical planning and guidance using image fusion and interventional MR." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87160.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, February 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-106).
by David T. Gering.
S.M.

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Caravaca, Mora Oscar Mauricio. "Development of a novel method using optical coherence tomography (OCT) for guidance of robotized interventional endoscopy." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAD004.

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Il manque actuellement aux médecins une nouvelle méthode qui rationalise le traitement peu invasif pour en faire des procédures à opérateur unique, assistées par une caractérisation précise des tissus in situ et en temps réel, en situation de prise de décisions dans la gestion du cancer colorectal. Une solution prometteuse à ce problème a été développée par l'équipe AVR (Automatique, Vision et Robotique) du laboratoire ICube, au sein de laquelle l'endoscope interventionnel flexible (fabriqué par Karl Storz) a été entièrement robotisé, permettant ainsi à un seul opérateur de télémanipuler indépendamment l'endoscope et deux instruments thérapeutiques insérables, grâce à unité de contrôle commune. Cependant, l'endoscope flexible assisté par robot est soumis aux mêmes limites de précision diagnostique que les systèmes d'endoscopie standards. Il a été démontré que l'OCT endoscopique présente un potentiel pour l'imagerie des troubles de la voie gastro-intestinale et pour la différenciation de tissus sains des tissus malades. Actuellement, l'OCT se limite à l'imagerie de l'œsophage humain, qui présente une géométrie simple et un accès facile. Ni l'OCT, ni l'endoscope robotisé ne peuvent résoudre à eux seuls les limites de la norme actuelle de soins pour la prise en charge d’un cancer du côlon. La combinaison de ces deux technologies et le développement d'une nouvelle plate-forme pour la détection et le traitement précoce du cancer constituent l'objet principal de cette thèse, avec la vision de développer une console d'imagerie OCT et une sonde de haute technologie intégrée à l'endoscope robotisé. Ce système permet d'obtenir des images de l'intérieur du gros intestin pour la caractérisation des tissus et l'assistance au traitement, permettant ainsi à un seul opérateur d'effectuer une intervention peu invasive en mode télémanipulation
There exists an unmet clinical need to provide doctors with a new method that streamlines minimally invasive endoscopic treatment of colorectal cancer to single operator procedures assisted by in-situ and real-time accurate tissue characterization for informed treatment decisions. A promising solution to this problem has been developed at the ICube laboratory, in which the flexible interventional endoscope (Karl Storz) was completely robotized, so allowing a single operator to independently telemanipulate the endoscope and two insertable therapeutic instruments with a joint control unit. However, the robot-assisted flexible endoscope is subject to the same diagnostic accuracy limitations as standard endoscopy systems. It has been demonstrated that endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) has a good potential for imaging disorders in the gastrointestinal tract and differentiating healthy tissue from diseased. Neither OCT, nor the robotized endoscope can solve the limitations of current standard of care for colon cancer management alone. Combining these two technologies and developing a new platform for early detection and treatment of cancer is the main interest of this work, with the aim of developing a state-of-the-art OCT imaging console and probe integrated with the robotized endoscope. The capabilities of this new technology for imaging of the interior of the large intestine were tested in pre-clinical experiments showing potential for improvement in margin verification during minimally invasive endoscopic treatment in the telemanipulation mode

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Blanco, Sequeiros R. (Roberto). "Magnetic resonance imaging guided musculoskeletal interventions at 0.23T:optical instrument guidance, bone biopsy, periradicular nerve root therapy, discography, osteoid osteoma laser ablation; a feasibility study." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2003. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514269039.

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Abstract The purpose of this study was firstly to evaluate the optical instrument tracking system integrated to the MRI scanner as a guidance facility in performing bone biopsy and secondly to develop and evaluate clinical musculoskeletal applications of interventional MRI at 0,23T. The clinical results and feasibility of MR-guided bone biopsy (n=14), periradicular nerve root therapy (n=61), discography (n=12) and percutaneous laser therapy of osteiod osteomas (n=5) were studied. Bone biopsies were performed with the optical instrument tracker and bone biopsy set modified for the tracker system. The biopsy system and optical tracker mounting proved to be safe and reliable tool for bone biopsies. 14 consecutive bone biopsies and 13 fine needle aspirations were performed under MR-guidance. The clinical accuracy of MR-guided bone biopsy was 95%. The periradicular therapy was applied to the anatomical region of lumbosacral area of 61 consecutive patients with sciatic pain. Procedural success rate was 98,5%. Of patients, 51,5% had good or excellent effect with regard to radicular pain from procedure. The therapy effect achieved with MR-guided procedure was comparable to that achieved with conventional techniques. MR-guided discography technique and imaging protocol was developed as part of diagnostic pain provocation for patients suspected for intervertebral pain source at lumbosacral area. 34 MR-guided discographies were performed on 12 patients. In all patients positive or negative pain provocation response was obtained. Laser induced thermal therapy for osteiod osteoma was studied in MRI. The initial guidance of the instrument and monitoring of the thermal procedure were done under MRI control. All the 5 patients were successfully treated. The MR-guidance in musculoskeletal applications seems safe and accurate.

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Tacher, Vania. "Optimisation du guidage tri-dimensionel en radiologie interventionnelle." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0020.

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L’optimisation du guidage en radiologie interventionnelle implique de simplifier les gestes, d’améliorer la qualité d’images et leur précision tout en réduisant l’exposition aux rayons X du personnel soignants et des patients et l’usage du produit de contraste iodé, néphrotoxique. Elle implique un travail sur chacune des quatre étapes fondamentales de chaque intervention que sont : « voir », « atteindre », « intervenir » et « contrôler » le succès de l’intervention et l’absence de complication.L’étape « voir » la cible a fait l’objet de 3 études : la première, animale, portait sur l’amélioration de la qualité d’images de cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) et la seconde, clinique, sur la précision de la segmentation des tumeurs hépatiques mise en évidence sur les images de CBCT lors de chimioembolisations (CHE). Et enfin, la troisième, clinique, sur le repérage des artères épigastriques inférieures profondes en réalité augmentée avant lambeau.L’étape « atteindre » la cible a fait l’objet de 5 études. Deux études ont validé la précision du ciblage des tumeurs hépatiques lors des CHE utilisant des logiciels de détection automatique des artères nourricières et de perfusion virtuelle du territoire tumoral à traiter sur les images de CBCT lors de CHE. Trois autres études portaient sur les cartographies 3D par la technique de fusion d’images 3D projetées sur la fluoroscopie 2D. Les deux premières premières ont montré que l’usage de la fusion d’images lors des traitements endovasculaires des anévrismes complexes de l’aorte abdominale utilisant les images d’angioscanner ou d’angioIRM préopératoires permettant de réduire voire de s’affranchir de l’usage de produit de contraste iodé dans la prise en charge de ces pathologies. Le développement de la fusion d’images notamment lors du placement de shunt porto-systémique trans-hépatique par voie trans-jugulaire a permis de faciliter ces interventions tout en limitant l’usage des rayons X dans une troisième étude.La troisième étape « interventir » a fait l’objet de trois études. Une étude, fantôme, a montré la possibilité d’obternir une imagerie sélective et quantitative des structures iodées par l’imagerie spectrale des microsphères chargées d’huile iodée. Une seconde étude préclinique animale a attesté la radioopacité de ces mêmes microsphères chargées lorsqu’elles s’accumulent dans les capillaires ou néovaisseaux et sont le reflet de la nécessité de combiner une recherche commune sur le couple imagerie/matériel. Et enfin l’étude sur la rentabilité des biospies des tumeurs guidées par l’image qui a permis de mettre fin à des dogmes.La quatrième étape « contrôler » le succès des traitements comprend deux études. La première, est une revue de la littérature et a permis de proposer une standardisation de l’usage du CBCT lors des CHE et la seconde a évalué différents facteurs prédicteurs de réponse tumorale en IRM après CHE avec un intérêt particulier porté sur l’usage de nouveaux critères d’analyse 3D (vRECIST et qEASL).Le guidage en radiologie et notamment par le CBCT est encore confronté à la limitation majeure qu’est d’utiliser des rayons X et des produits de contraste iodé mais également à un champ de vue limité et à une qualité d’images sensibles aux artéfacts. D’ou le développement d’autre moyen de guidage comme l’IRM, éléctromagnétisme, fibroptique ou encore la réalité augmentée. Ces derniers éléments font partis de projets de recherche en cours ou à venir
Optimizing image guidance in interventional radiology involves simplifying procedures, improving image quality and accuracy while reducing X-rays exposure, and the use of iodinated contrast media, which is nephrotoxic. It involves to improve each of the four fundamental steps of each intervention: "see", "reach", "intervene" and "control" the success of the intervention and the absence of complication.To "see" the target was the subject of 3 studies: the first study, was an animal study focused on improving the quality of images of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The second study was a clinical study about the precision of the tumor segmentation of on CBCT images during chemoembolization (TACE). And finally, the third study was a clinical study and described the identification of the lower deep epigastric arteries in augmented reality before flap.To "reach" the target was the subject of 5 studies. Two studies investigated the accuracy of hepatic tumor targeting in TACE using automatic feeding detection and virtual tumor perfusion software on CBCT images. Three other studies were focused on 3D roadmap using the image fusion technique overlaid onto 2D fluoroscopy. The two first studies were about endovascular treatments of complex abdominal aortic aneurysms using images fusion based on angiography of computed tomography or IRM to reduce or even eliminate the use of iodinated contrast agent in the management of such disease. The development of image fusion, particularly during trans-hepatic porto-systemic shunt placement, was shown to facilitate these interventions while limiting the use of X-rays published in to a thrid study.To "intervene" step included three studies. A phantom study showed that spectral imaging displayed selective and quantitative images of iodine content of iodine-loaded microspheres. A preclinical study demonstrated their visibility on x-ray based imaging when they accumulated in capillaries or neovessels and reflected the need to combine a common search for the couple imaging / biomaterials. And finally the study on the rentability of the image guided biospies of tumors which allowed to end dogmas.To "control" the success of treatments included two studies. The first study is a review of the literature and allowed a standardization of the use of the CBCT during the TACE and the second evaluated the factors predictors of tumor response on MRI images after TACE by the use of new 3D criteria. Image guidance with the use of CBCT, is still confronted with the major limitation of the use of X-rays and iodinated contrast media, but also to a limited field of view and a sentitive images quality to artefacts. Hence the development of other image guidance types such as MRI, electromagnetism, fibroptic or augmented reality are on its way. These last elements are part of a research projects in progress or to come

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Khallaghi, Siavash. "Image-based guidance for prostate interventions." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/55055.

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Prostate biopsy is the gold standard for cancer diagnosis. This procedure is guided using a 2D transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) probe. Unfortunately, early stage tumors are not visible in ultrasound and prostate motion/deformations make targeting challenging. This results in a high number of false negatives and patients are often required to repeat the procedure. Fusion of magnetic resonance images (MRI) into the workspace of a prostate biopsy has the potential to detect tumors invisible in TRUS. This allows the radiologist to better target early stage cancerous lesions. However, due to different body positions and imaging settings, the prostate undergoes motion and deformation between the biopsy coordinate system and the MRI. Furthermore, due to variable probe pressure, the prostate moves and deforms during biopsy as well. This introduces additional targeting errors. A biopsy system that compensates for these sources of error has the potential to improve the targeting accuracy and maintain a 3D record of biopsy locations. The goal of this thesis is to provide the necessary tools to perform freehand MR-TRUS fusion for prostate biopsy using a 3D guidance system. To this end, we have developed two novel surface-based registration methods for incorporating the MRI into the biopsy workspace. The proposed methods are the first methods that are robust to missing surface regions for MR-TRUS fusion (up to 30% missing surface points). We have validated these fusion techniques on 19 biopsy, 10 prostatectomy and 11 brachytherapy patients. In this thesis, we have also developed methods that combine intensitybased information with biomechanical constraints to compensate for prostate motion and deformations during the biopsy. To this end, we have developed a novel 2D-3D registration framework, which was validated on an additional 10 biopsy patients. Our results suggest that accurate 2D-3D registration for freehand biopsy is feasible. The results presented suggest that accurate registration of MR and TRUS data in the presence of partially missing data is feasible. Moreover, we demonstrate that in the presence of variable probe pressure during freehand biopsy, a combination of intensity-based and biomechanically constrained 2D-3D registration can enable accurate alignment of pre-procedure TRUS with 2D real time TRUS images.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate

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Kastler, Adrian. "Presentation, optmization and result of new methods of infiltration and neurolysis under CT guidance in the management of pain." Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA3017/document.

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Au cours des 20 dernières années, l'utilisation de méthode de guidage par imagerie s'est progressivemen imposé comme gold standar dans nombre d'indications Interventionel antidouleur. Les modalités de guidage els plus utilisés sont la fluoroscopie et l'échographie. Le Scanner est relativement sous-utilisé dans le domaine de la prise en charge interventionnelle de la douleur, principalement en raison des difficultés d'accès et de Disponibilités pour les praticiens de la douleur. Au travers de cette thèse, nous avons montré l'intérêt du guidage scanner dans plusieurs indications avec de bons résultats, grâce à des techniques innovantes* L'Évaluation de l'alcoolisation percutanée du ganglion sphéno-palatin dans la prise en charge de ladouleur cranio-faciale réfractaire, chez 42 patients avec taux d'efficacité globale d'alcoolisation du GSP de67,2% et une durée moyenne de soulagement de la douleur de 10,3 mois. L'analyse a montré un tauxd'efficacité élevé chez les patients avec des algies vasculaires de la face (76,5%) et des syndromesdouloureux faciaux persistent (85,7%)* L' Évaluation de l'efficacité d'un méthode simplifiée d'infiltration sous scanner du nerf grandoccipital (NGO) chez 33 patients souffrant d'une névralgie occipitale avec taux de succès clinique de 86%.En cas de succès clinique, la durée moyenne de soulagement de la douleur suivant la procédure était de9,16 mois.*La comparaison deu block vs. neurolyse par radiofréqence du ganglion stellaire sous guidage scannographique dans la prise en charge du Syndrome Douloureux Régional Complexe de Type 1 du membre supérieur chez 67 patients: on retrouve une efficacité supérieure dans le groupe RFN (67,6%, 23/34) par rapport au groupe de block (21,2%, 7/33) avec un OR de 7,76.* L'Évaluation de la neurolysepar RF des nerfs ilio-inguinal et ilio hypogastrique chez les patients souffrant de douleurs ilio-inguinal et à l'aine réfractaire.• pouvait conduire à une amélioration des résultats. Dans tous les cas, le guidage par Scanner est une valeur ajoutée dans certaines indications, car elle permet en toute sécurité, le placement précis, millimétrique, de l'aiguille. Une autre solution possible afin de réduire les risques liés à certains gestes serait le développement d'une L'Étude préliminaire sur 16 patients traités par RFN a montré une réduction significative dela douleur après RFN pendant 11,8 mois.• Une deuxième étude a été menée permettant de comparer l'efficacité de la RFN et à cellede l'infiltration dans la même indication chez 42 patients: La durée moyenne de soulagementde la douleur était statistiquement supérieure (P = 0,005) dans le groupe RF (12,5 mois)comparé au groupe d'infiltration (1,6 mois).Au cours de ces études publiées, nous avons montré que l'application d'une technique existante (neurolyse, infiltration) à une nouvelle indication, ou la modification d'une technique existante après des considérations anatomiques sonde de radiofréquence unidirectionnel, capable de créer une zone d'ablation en demi sphère dont l'orientation serait contrôlable, ce qui permettrait de réduire les risques d'ablation non désirée.Enfin, il est important de rappeler, que la prise en charge interventionnelle de la douleur d'un patient s'intègre dans une prise en charge globale, centrée autour du patient. Ainsi, la prise en charge d'un patient douloureux ne pourra se faire de manière efficace qu'en prenant en compte l'ensemble des aspects de la douleur exprimé par le patient, bien au delà des seules considérations techniques d'un geste interventionnel
Over the past 20 years, the use of imaging guidance has progressively but very rapidly evolved to become a standard practice to date, with fluoroscopy and Ultrasound being the most popular imaging guiding tools. However, CT guidance is relatively underused in the field of Interventional pain management, mainly due to acces and availabilty issues for pain physicians. Therefore, the objective of this thesis are mulitple :* to evaluate the usefulness of CT scan guidance, in applying existing neurolytic techniques(block.infiltration and neurolysis) to innovative indications, allowed by the use of such an imagingguiding tool.* to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of these novel indications* Finally, to emphasize on the importance of the clinical aspects of Interventional pain managementAfter after having reminded the definitions of the different existing techniques (neural blocks, infiltration, neurolysis) and detailed existing materials (Local anesthestics, Steroids, Chemical Neurolysis, Physical Neurolysis), a brief description of existing indication of Interventional Pain will be made. Emphasis will then be made on the assessment of innovative interventional CT Guided pain techniques in various refractory pain syndromes :- Evaluation of Alcohol percutaneous neurolysis of the sphenopalatine ganglion in the management of refractory cranio facial pain , in 42 patients : overall efficacy rate of alcohol SPN was 67.2% with a mean pain relief duration of 10,3 months. Analysis showed a higher efficacy rate in patients with Cluster Headaches (76.5%) andPersisting Facial Idiopathic Pain (85.7%)- Evaluation of the efficacy of a simplified CT guided greater occipital nerve (GON) infiltration approach inthe management of occipital neuralgia (ON) in 33 patients : Clinical success rate was 86%. In case of clinicalsuccess, mean pain relief duration following procedure was 9.16 months.- Evaluation of CT-guided Stellate Ganglion Blockade vs. Radiofrequency Neurolysis in the Managementof Refractory type I Complex Régional Pain Syndrome of the Upper Limb in 67 patients : analysis performed onthe blockade and RFN groups showed a significantly (P<0.0001) higher success rate in the RFN group (67.6%,23/34) compared with thé blockade group (21.2%, 7/33) with an OR of 7.76.- Evaluation of CT Guided ilio inguinal (II) and ilio hypogastric Radiofrequency Neurolysis (RFN) inpatients with refractory ilio-inguinal and groin pain.* Preliminary Study on 16 patients treated with II RFN showed significant pain reductionafter RFN with a mean pain relief of 11,8 months.* A second study was conducted to compared the effectiveness of RFN and Infiltration in thesame indication in 42 patients : Mean duration of pain relief was statistically significant (P = .005)in the RF group (12.5 months) compared to the infiltration group (1.6 months).Throughout these published studies, we hâve shown that the application of an existing neurolytic technique in a new indication, or modifying an existing technique after anatomical considerations may lead to either higher efficacy rates, longer pain reliefs, or safer procedures. In ail cases, CT guidance is an added value to any procédures as it allows safe, précise accurate and effective needle placement in most procedures. Another possible solution to reduce procedure related risks discussed in this thesis, is the development of a unidirectional radiofrequency probe, capable of producing tissue destruction only on one half on the probe thereby creating a half mooned shaped thermal zone, which would reduce the risk of surrounding unwanted tissue damage. This topic merits further studies and development as possible everyday implications are numerous

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Boppart, Stephen Allen. "Surgical diagnostics, guidance, and intervention using optical coherence tomography." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9889.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard--Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 214-229).
by Stephen Allen Boppart.
Ph.D.

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Patel, Niravkumar Amrutlal. "Towards Closed-loop, Robot Assisted Percutaneous Interventions under MRI Guidance." Digital WPI, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/130.

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Image guided therapy procedures under MRI guidance has been a focused research area over past decade. Also, over the last decade, various MRI guided robotic devices have been developed and used clinically for percutaneous interventions, such as prostate biopsy, brachytherapy, and tissue ablation. Though MRI provides better soft tissue contrast compared to Computed Tomography and Ultrasound, it poses various challenges like constrained space, less ergonomic patient access and limited material choices due to its high magnetic field. Even after, advancements in MRI compatible actuation methods and robotic devices using them, most MRI guided interventions are still open-loop in nature and relies on preoperative or intraoperative images. In this thesis, an intraoperative MRI guided robotic system for prostate biopsy comprising of an MRI compatible 4-DOF robotic manipulator, robot controller and control application with Clinical User Interface (CUI) and surgical planning applications (3DSlicer and RadVision) is presented. This system utilizes intraoperative images acquired after each full or partial needle insertion for needle tip localization. Presented system was approved by Institutional Review Board at Brigham and Women's Hospital(BWH) and has been used in 30 patient trials. Successful translation of such a system utilizing intraoperative MR images motivated towards the development of a system architecture for close-loop, real-time MRI guided percutaneous interventions. Robot assisted, close-loop intervention could help in accurate positioning and localization of the therapy delivery instrument, improve physician and patient comfort and allow real-time therapy monitoring. Also, utilizing real-time MR images could allow correction of surgical instrument trajectory and controlled therapy delivery. Two of the applications validating the presented architecture; closed-loop needle steering and MRI guided brain tumor ablation are demonstrated under real-time MRI guidance.

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Gilman, Lynn. "Supervisory interventions and treatment adherence an observational study of supervisor interventions and their impact on therapist model adherence /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3352938.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Counseling and Educational Instruction, School of Education, 2009.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Feb. 4, 2010). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-04, Section: B, page: 2572. Adviser: Thomas L. Sexton.

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Книги з теми "Interventional guidance"

Spokane, Arnold R. Career intervention. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1991.

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Service, Drugs Prevention Advisory. Drugs interventions in the criminal justice system: Guidance manual. [London]: Home Office, 1999.

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Di Fabio, Annamaria, and Jean-Luc Bernaud, eds. Narrative Interventions in Post-modern Guidance and Career Counseling. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98300-4.

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Scotland. Scottish Executive. Education Department. Early intervention in literacy and numeracy. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive, Education Department, 2002.

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JoAnn, Harris-Bowlsbey, ed. Career development interventions in the 21st century. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Merrill/Prentice Hall, 2009.

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Niles, Spencer G. Career development interventions in the 21st century. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall, 2005.

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Farmer, Richard F. Behavioral interventions in cognitive behavior therapy: Practical guidance for putting theory into action. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2008.

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Farmer, Richard F., and Alexander L. Chapman. Behavioral interventions in cognitive behavior therapy: Practical guidance for putting theory into action. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/11664-000.

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Kennedy, Hilary. Video interaction guidance: A relationship-based intervention to promote attunement, empathy, and wellbeing. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2011.

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Richey, Peter P. Counseling-- guidance, interventions, skills, management and sex infections: Index of new information and bibliography. Washington, D.C: Abbe Publishers Association, 1996.

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Hussain, Tarique, Israel Valverde, Reza Razavi, and Tobias Schaeffter. "MRI Guidance of Cardiac Applications." In Interventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 207–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/174_2011_403.

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Krombach, Gabriele A. "MRI Guidance of Vascular Applications." In Interventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 175–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/174_2011_417.

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Blanco Sequeiros, Roberto, Jan Fritz, and John A. Carrino. "MRI Guidance of Musculoskeletal Interventions." In Interventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 123–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/174_2011_438.

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Parikh, Ankit, and Stamatios Lerakis. "Imaging for Planning and Guidance for Structural Heart Interventions." In Interventional Cardiology, 629–39. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118983652.ch67.

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Go, Ramon, and Jeffrey Prinsell. "Image Guidance and Planning." In Essentials of Interventional Cancer Pain Management, 301–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99684-4_34.

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Kuhnt, Daniela, Miriam H. A. Bauer, Oliver Ganslandt, and Christopher Nimsky. "MRI Guidance of Intracranial Tumor Resections." In Interventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 113–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/174_2011_393.

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O’Gowan, Ryan. "Central Venous Catheterization With and Without Ultrasound Guidance." In Interventional Critical Care, 99–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25286-5_12.

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O’Gowan, Ryan, and Stephen Paul Callahan. "Central Venous Catheterization With and Without Ultrasound Guidance." In Interventional Critical Care, 115–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64661-5_12.

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Truwit, Chip, Alastair J. Martin, and Walter A. Hall. "MRI Guidance of Minimally Invasive Cranial Applications." In Interventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 97–112. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/174_2011_446.

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Eberhardt, Ralf. "EBUS Guidance for Peripheral Biopsies." In Principles and Practice of Interventional Pulmonology, 205–15. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4292-9_20.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Interventional guidance"

Boppart, S. A., J. M. Herrmann, C. Pitris, B. E. Bouma, and G. J. Tearney. "Interventional optical coherence tomography for surgical guidance." In Technical Digest Summaries of papers presented at the Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Conference Edition. 1998 Technical Digest Series, Vol.6. IEEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleo.1998.675951.

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Niessen, W. J., S. A. M. Baert, and Th Van Walsum. "3D X-ray image guidance in interventional radiology." In 2007 4th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging: Macro to Nano. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2007.357023.

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Kaiser, Mandy, Johannes Krug, and Georg Rose. "Interventional MRI: Minimal-invasive Surgery under MR guidance." In 2011 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - MTT 2011. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwsym.2011.5972988.

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Kaiser, M., J. Krug, and G. H. Rose. "Interventional MRI: Minimal-invasive surgery under MR guidance." In 2011 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - MTT 2011. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwsym.2011.5973360.

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Wong, Kenneth H., Elliot Levy, Ziv Yaniv, Filip Banovac, David Earl-Graef, and Kevin Cleary. "Integrated PET/CT Guidance System for Oncologic Interventional Radiology." In 2006 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2006.354344.

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Lediju Bell, Muyinatu A., Anastasia K. Ostrowski, Peter Kazanzides, and Emad Boctor. "Feasibility of transcranial photoacoustic imaging for interventional guidance of endonasal surgeries." In SPIE BiOS, edited by Alexander A. Oraevsky and Lihong V. Wang. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2038511.

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Wei, Chen-wei, Thu-Mai Nguyen, Jinjun Xia, Bastien Arnal, Ivan Pelivanov, and Matthew O’Donnell. "Real-time interleaved photoacoustic/ultrasound (PAUS) imaging for interventional procedure guidance." In SPIE BiOS, edited by Alexander A. Oraevsky and Lihong V. Wang. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2084704.

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Caravaca Mora, Oscar, Maxime Abah, Lucile Heroin, Guiqiu Liao, Zhongkai Zhang, Philippe Zanne, Benoit Rosa, et al. "OCT image-guidance of needle injection for robotized flexible interventional endoscopy." In Endoscopic Microscopy XVI, edited by Melissa J. Suter, Guillermo J. Tearney, and Thomas D. Wang. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2576186.

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Denis de Senneville, B., M. Ries, and C. T. W. Moonen. "Real-time anticipation of organ displacement for MR-guidance of interventional procedures." In 2013 IEEE 10th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2013.6556800.

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Caparelli, C., G. Carpino, G. Brunetti, P. Larizza, and E. Guglielmelli. "A preliminary health technology assessment of a guidance system for interventional radiology." In 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7318396.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Interventional guidance"

Craig, Peter, Erica Di Ruggiero, Katherine L. Frohlich, Eric Mykhalovskiy, Martin White, Rona Campbell, Steven Cummins, et al. Taking account of context in population health intervention research: guidance for producers, users and funders of research. National Institute for Health Research, April 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/cihr-nihr-01.

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Tipton, Kelley, Brian F. Leas, Nikhil K. Mull, Shazia M. Siddique, S. Ryan Greysen, Meghan B. Lane-Fall, and Amy Y. Tsou. Interventions To Decrease Hospital Length of Stay. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepctb40.

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Background. Timely discharge of hospitalized patients can prevent patient harm, improve patient satisfaction and quality of life, and reduce costs. Numerous strategies have been tested to improve the efficiency and safety of patient recovery and discharge, but hospitals continue to face challenges. Purpose. This Technical Brief aimed to identify and synthesize current knowledge and emerging concepts regarding systematic strategies that hospitals and health systems can implement to reduce length of stay (LOS), with emphasis on medically complex or vulnerable patients at high risk for prolonged LOS due to clinical, social, or economic barriers to timely discharge. Methods. We conducted a structured search for published and unpublished studies and conducted interviews with Key Informants representing vulnerable patients, hospitals, health systems, and clinicians. The interviews provided guidance on our research protocol, search strategy, and analysis. Due to the large and diverse evidence base, we limited our evaluation to systematic reviews of interventions to decrease hospital LOS for patients at potentially higher risk for delayed discharge; primary research studies were not included, and searches were restricted to reviews published since 2010. We cataloged the characteristics of relevant interventions and assessed evidence of their effectiveness. Findings. Our searches yielded 4,364 potential studies. After screening, we included 19 systematic reviews reported in 20 articles. The reviews described eight strategies for reducing LOS: discharge planning; geriatric assessment or consultation; medication management; clinical pathways; inter- or multidisciplinary care; case management; hospitalist services; and telehealth. All reviews included adult patients, and two reviews also included children. Interventions were frequently designed for older (often frail) patients or patients with chronic illness. One review included pregnant women at high risk for premature delivery. No reviews focused on factors linking patient vulnerability with social determinants of health. The reviews reported few details about hospital setting, context, or resources associated with the interventions studied. Evidence for effectiveness of interventions was generally not robust and often inconsistent—for example, we identified six reviews of discharge planning; three found no effect on LOS, two found LOS decreased, and one reported an increase. Many reviews also reported patient readmission rates and mortality but with similarly inconsistent results. Conclusions. A broad range of strategies have been employed to reduce LOS, but rigorous systematic reviews have not consistently demonstrated effectiveness within medically complex, high-risk, and vulnerable populations. Health system leaders, researchers, and policymakers must collaborate to address these needs.

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White, Howard. Explaining what works: using causal chain analysis in systematic reviewsExplaining what works: using causal chain analysis in systematic reviews. Centre of Excellence for Development Impact and Learning (CEDIL), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51744/cmb4.

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Systematic reviews summarise and synthesise the global evidence about an intervention. By incorporating causal chain analysis, a systematic review moves beyond the question of ‘does it work?’ to ‘why does it work, for whom, under what circumstances and at what cost?’. The CEDIL Methods Brief 4, ‘Using causal chain analysis in systematic reviews’, lays out what causal chain analysis is, the benefits of using it, and how to do so. The brief provides guidance on conducting a causal chain analysis by illustrating with an example of a systematic review on farmer field schools.

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Stern, Jonathan M. B., and Benjamin Piper. Resetting Targets: Examining Large Effect Sizes and Disappointing Benchmark Progress. RTI Press, April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2019.op.0060.1904.

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This paper uses recent evidence from international early grade reading programs to provide guidance about how best to create appropriate targets and more effectively identify improved program outcomes. Recent results show that World Bank and US Agency for International Development–funded large-scale international education interventions in low- and middle–income countries tend to produce larger impacts than do interventions in the United States, as measured by effect sizes. However, these effect sizes rarely translate into large gains in mean oral reading fluency scores and are associated with only small increases in the proportion of students meeting country-level reading benchmarks. The limited impact of these low- and middle–income countries’ reading programs on the proportion of students meeting reading benchmarks is in large part caused by right-skewed distributions of student reading scores. In other words, modest impacts on the proportion of students meeting benchmarks are caused by low mean scores and large proportions of nonreaders at baseline. It is essential to take these factors into consideration when setting program targets for reading fluency and comprehension. We recommend that program designers in lower-performing countries use baseline assessment data to develop benchmarks based on multiple performance categories that allow for more ambitious targets focused on reducing nonreaders and increasing beginning readers, with more modest targets aimed at improving oral reading fluency scores and increasing the percentage of proficient readers.

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Wailzer, Magdalena, and Laura Soyer. Co-Developing an impact model for evaluating the societal impact of participatory research approaches. Fteval - Austrian Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2022.547.

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In recent years, an increased focus on societal impact of research unfolding through productive interactions between stakeholders and participatory research processes has been seen. These complex interventions call for more flexible and participatory evaluation processes. This paper sets out to describe the co-creative development of an Impact Model and Reflection Instruments by different stakeholders that make desired and expected societal effects of participatory research visible, and enable a systematic evaluation of these expected changes. The aim of the Impact Model and the (modular) set of Impact Reflection Instruments is first and foremost to support researchers in the planning and evaluation of societal impacts of their participatory research approaches. In addition, we share the design of the co-development phase and reflections that serve as practical guidance for evaluators who aim to apply theory-based models in participatory settings in other contexts. Finally, the Impact Model and Reflection Instruments aim to enable increased comparability across research projects with participatory research approaches.

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Haider, Huma. Addressing Political Exclusion of Ethnic Minorities, IDP’s, and Refugees in the Eastern Neighbourhood. Institute of Development Studies, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.055.

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The quality of political inclusion of ethnic minorities1 in the Eastern Neighbourhood remains a significant challenge, despite institutions in place to promote the rights of national minorities and various programming designed to foster inclusion. This rapid review surveys donor, academic and NGO literature in this field. Literature on addressing the political exclusion of ethnic minorities is limited, with discussion of donor interventions even more sparse. The report thus draws on government initiatives; and on recommendations based on the country situation and international experience, which are not necessarily based on specific programming. There was greater information on Georgia and Moldova, than on Armenia (reflected in the sub-section country titles). In addition, there is limited discussion of programming to address the political exclusion of internally displaced persons (IDPs) and refugees in the region. As such the report relies in part on general research and guidance on IDPs and refugees from a global perspective, including discussion of a few examples of initiatives outside of the Eastern Neighbourhood.

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Jones, Theresa, and Elisabeth Storer. Key Considerations: Adherence to COVID-19 Preventive Measures in Greater Kampala, Uganda. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.005.

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This brief sets out key considerations for risk communications and community engagement (RCCE) to promote adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures in greater Kampala, Uganda. It looks at adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures, assesses the challenges to their adoption and outlines key considerations for partners working in RCCE and the wider COVID-19 emergency response. The brief responds to concern (as of March 2022) about COVID-19 transmission in informal urban areas in Uganda due to their high population density, limited sanitary infrastructure, and reported low uptake of vaccination. Ensuring effective communication and engagement with a series of preventative measures is essential in limiting the spread of COVID-19. The Ministry of Health and response partners have been proactive, however interventions and guidance for COVID-19 have taken limited account of social science research about the perceptions and practices related to COVID-19 regulations. This brief aims to address this gap so these data may be used to inform more effective and practicable guidance for vulnerable groups. This brief draws primarily on an analysis of existing scientific and grey literature. Additional primary data was collected through consultation with six social science and RCCE experts who focus on this geographical area. The brief was requested by UNICEF Uganda in consultation with the Uganda Ministry of Health (MoH) RCCE subcommittee and the RCCE technical working group for the Eastern and South Africa region (ESAR). It was developed for SSHAP by Theresa Jones (Anthrologica) and supported by Elizabeth Storer (London School of Economics), with contributions and reviews by colleagues at Anthrologica, the Institute of Development Studies (IDS), UNICEF ESARO and Uganda, Makerere University, the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Dreamline Products and the IFRC.

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Tschunkert, Kristina, and Caroline Delgado. Food Systems in Conflict and Peacebuilding Settings: Ways Forward. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/sskg9519.

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As of September 2021, 161 million people were estimated to be acutely food insecure. Most of these people live in countries where violent conflict is the main driver of hunger. Conflict has a direct negative impact on food systems and resultant levels of food security. This paper is the third and final paper of a series that aims to emphasize the urgency of addressing the relationship between conflict and food insecurity. This paper explores the opportunities for breaking the pathways between food insecurity and violent conflict, which were set out and contextualized in the preceding two papers. Equitable and sustainable food systems have the power to foster peace. The paper argues that for food system transformation and food security activities in conflict and peacebuilding settings to create conditions conducive to peace, it is important to apply a peacebuilding lens to food security interventions and a food security lens to peacebuilding efforts. An approach that integrates humanitarian, development and peacebuilding objectives is needed to break the pathways between food insecurity and conflict. The paper ends with four recommendations for humanitarian, development and peacebuilding actors that seek to provide guidance for measures that can be taken to advance such an integrated approach.

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Mobley, Erin M., Diana J. Moke, Joel Milam, Carol Y. Ochoa, Julia Stal, Nosa Osazuwa, Maria Bolshakova, et al. Disparities and Barriers to Pediatric Cancer Survivorship Care. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepctb39.

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Objectives. Survival rates for pediatric cancer have dramatically increased since the 1970s, and the population of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) exceeds 500,000 in the United States. Cancer during childhood and related treatments lead to long-term health problems, many of which are poorly understood. These problems can be amplified by suboptimal survivorship care. This report provides an overview of the existing evidence and forthcoming research relevant to disparities and barriers for pediatric cancer survivorship care, outlines pending questions, and offers guidance for future research. Data sources. This Technical Brief reviews published peer-reviewed literature, grey literature, and Key Informant interviews to answer five Guiding Questions regarding disparities in the care of pediatric survivors, barriers to cancer survivorship care, proposed strategies, evaluated interventions, and future directions. Review methods. We searched research databases, research registries, and published reviews for ongoing and published studies in CCS to October 2020. We used the authors’ definition of CCS; where not specified, CCS included those diagnosed with any cancer prior to age 21. The grey literature search included relevant professional and nonprofit organizational websites and guideline clearinghouses. Key Informants provided content expertise regarding published and ongoing research, and recommended approaches to fill identified gaps. Results. In total, 110 studies met inclusion criteria. We identified 26 studies that assessed disparities in survivorship care for CCS. Key Informants discussed subgroups of CCS by race or ethnicity, sex, socioeconomic status, and insurance coverage that may experience disparities in survivorship care, and these were supported in the published literature. Key Informants indicated that major barriers to care are providers (e.g., insufficient knowledge), the health system (e.g., availability of services), and payers (e.g., network adequacy); we identified 47 studies that assessed a large range of barriers to survivorship care. Sixteen organizations have outlined strategies to address pediatric survivorship care. Our searches identified only 27 published studies that evaluated interventions to alleviate disparities and reduce barriers to care. These predominantly assessed approaches that targeted patients. We found only eight ongoing studies that evaluated strategies to address disparities and barriers. Conclusions. While research has addressed disparities and barriers to survivorship care for childhood cancer survivors, evidence-based interventions to address these disparities and barriers to care are sparse. Additional research is also needed to examine less frequently studied disparities and barriers and to evaluate ameliorative strategies in order to improve the survivorship care for CCS.

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Hilbrecht, Margo, Sally M. Gainsbury, Nassim Tabri, Michael J. A. Wohl, Silas Xuereb, Jeffrey L. Derevensky, Simone N. Rodda, McKnight Sheila, Voll Jess, and Gottvald Brittany. Prevention and education evidence review: Gambling-related harm. Edited by Margo Hilbrecht. Greo, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33684/2021.006.

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This report supports an evidence-based approach to the prevention and education objective of the National Strategy to Reduce Harm from Gambling. Applying a public health policy lens, it considers three levels of measures: universal (for the benefit of the whole population), selective (for the benefit of at-risk groups), and indicated (for the benefit of at-risk individuals). Six measures are reviewed by drawing upon a range of evidence in the academic and grey literature. The universal level measures are “Regulatory restriction on how gambling is provided” and “Population-based safer gambling/responsible gambling efforts.” Selective measures focus on age cohorts in a chapter entitled, “Targeted safer gambling campaigns for children, youth, and older adults.” The indicated measures are “Brief internet delivered interventions for gambling,” “Systems and tools that produced actual (‘hard’) barriers and limit access to funds,” and “Self-exclusion.” Since the quantity and quality of the evidence base varied by measure, appropriate review methods were selected to assess publications using a systematic, scoping, or narrative approach. Some measures offered consistent findings regarding the effectiveness of interventions and initiatives, while others were less clear. Unintended consequences were noted since it is important to be aware of unanticipated, negative consequences resulting from prevention and education activities. After reviewing the evidence, authors identified knowledge gaps that require further research, and provided guidance for how the findings could be used to enhance the prevention and education objective. The research evidence is supplemented by consultations with third sector charity representatives who design and implement gambling harm prevention and education programmes. Their insights and experiences enhance, support, or challenge the academic evidence base, and are shared in a separate chapter. Overall, research evidence is limited for many of the measures. Quality assessments suggest that improvements are needed to support policy decisions more fully. Still, opportunities exist to advance evidence-based policy for an effective gambling harm prevention and education plan.

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