Готові списки джерел за темами / Interface physics

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Interface physics"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Interface physics"

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Du, Wanyi, Yuanyuan Huang, Yixuan Zhou, and Xinlong Xu. "Terahertz interface physics: from terahertz wave propagation to terahertz wave generation." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55, no. 22 (February 4, 2022): 223002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac3f58.

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Abstract Terahertz (THz) interface physics as a new interdiscipline between the THz technique and condensed matter physics has undergone rapid development in recent years. In particular, the development of advanced materials, such as graphene, transitional metal dichalcogenides, topological insulators, ferromagnetic metals, and metamaterials, has revolutionized the interface field and further promoted the development of THz functional devices based on interface physics. Moreover, playing at the interface of these advanced materials could unveil a wealth of fascinating physical effects such as charge transfer, proximity effect, inverse spin-Hall effect, and Rashba effect with THz technology by engineering the charge, spin, orbit, valley, and lattice degrees of freedom. In this review, we start with a discussion of the basic theory of THz interface physics, including interface formation with advanced materials, THz wave reflection and transmission at the interface, and band alignment and charge dynamics at the interface. Then we move to recent progress in advanced materials from THz wave propagation to THz wave generation at the interface. In THz wave propagation, we focus on THz wave impedance-matching, Goos–Hänchen and Imbert–Fedorov shifts in THz region, interfacial modulation and interfacial sensing based on THz waves. In THz wave generation, we summarize ongoing coherent THz wave generation from van der Waals interfaces, multiferroic interfaces, and magnetic interfaces. The fascinating THz interface physics of advanced materials is promising and promotes novel THz functional devices for manipulating propagation and generation of THz waves at interfaces.
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2

Nandan, Shambhavi, Christophe Fochesato, Mathieu Peybernes, Renaud Motte, and Florian De Vuyst. "Sharp Interface Capturing in Compressible Multi-Material Flows with a Diffuse Interface Method." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (December 19, 2021): 12107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112412107.

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Compressible multi-materialflows are encountered in a wide range of natural phenomena and industrial applications, such as supernova explosions in space, high speed flows in jet and rocket propulsion, underwater explosions, and vapor explosions in post accidental situations in nuclear reactors. In the numerical simulations of these flows, interfaces play a crucial role. A poor numerical resolution of the interfaces could make it difficult to account for the physics, such as material separation, location of the shocks and contact discontinuities, and transfer of the mass, momentum and heat between different materials/phases. Owing to such importance, sharp interface capturing remains an active area of research in the field of computational physics. To address this problem in this paper we focus on the Interface Capturing (IC) strategy, and thus we make use of a newly developed Diffuse Interface Method (DIM) called Multidimensional Limiting Process-Upper Bound (MLP-UB). Our analysis shows that this method is easy to implement, can deal with any number of material interfaces, and produces sharp, shape-preserving interfaces, along with their accurate interaction with the shocks. Numerical experiments show good results even with the use of coarse meshes.
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3

Sjögreen, Björn, and Jeffrey W. Banks. "Stability of Finite Difference Discretizations of Multi-Physics Interface Conditions." Communications in Computational Physics 13, no. 2 (February 2013): 386–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/cicp.280711.070212a.

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AbstractWe consider multi-physics computations where the Navier-Stokes equations of compressible fluid flow on some parts of the computational domain are coupled to the equations of elasticity on other parts of the computational domain. The different subdomains are separated by well-defined interfaces. We consider time accurate computations resolving all time scales. For such computations, explicit time stepping is very efficient. We address the issue of discrete interface conditions between the two domains of different physics that do not lead to instability, or to a significant reduction of the stable time step size. Finding such interface conditions is non-trivial.We discretize the problem with high order centered difference approximations with summation by parts boundary closure. We derive L2 stable interface conditions for the linearized one dimensional discretized problem. Furthermore, we generalize the interface conditions to the full non-linear equations and numerically demonstrate their stable and accurate performance on a simple model problem. The energy stable interface conditions derived here through symmetrization of the equations contain the interface conditions derived through normal mode analysis by Banks and Sjögreen in [8] as a special case.
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4

Hwang, H. Y. "APPLIED PHYSICS: Tuning Interface States." Science 313, no. 5795 (September 29, 2006): 1895–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1133138.

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5

Wallace, G. G., S. E. Moulton, and G. M. Clark. "APPLIED PHYSICS: Electrode-Cellular Interface." Science 324, no. 5924 (April 10, 2009): 185–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1168346.

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6

Sochacki, J. S., J. H. George, R. E. Ewing, and S. B. Smithson. "Interface conditions for acoustic and elastic wave propagation." GEOPHYSICS 56, no. 2 (February 1991): 168–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443029.

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The divergence theorem is used to handle the physics required at interfaces for acoustic and elastic wave propagation in heterogeneous media. The physics required at regular and irregular interfaces is incorporated into numerical schemes by integrating across the interface. The technique, which can be used with many numerical schemes, is applied to finite differences. A derivation of the acoustic wave equation, which is readily handled by this integration scheme, is outlined. Since this form of the equation is equivalent to the scalar SH wave equation, the scheme can be applied to this equation also. Each component of the elastic P‐SV equation is presented in divergence form to apply this integration scheme, naturally incorporating the continuity of the normal and tangential stresses required at regular and irregular interfaces.
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7

Lee, C. S., J. X. Tang, Y. C. Zhou, and S. T. Lee. "Interface dipole at metal-organic interfaces: Contribution of metal induced interface states." Applied Physics Letters 94, no. 11 (March 16, 2009): 113304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3099836.

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8

Nakayama, T., S. Sasaki, and Y. Asayama. "Physics of Metal/Ge Interfaces; Interface Defects and Fermi-Level Depinning." ECS Transactions 75, no. 8 (September 23, 2016): 643–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/07508.0643ecst.

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Hoekstra, Alfons G., Saad Alowayyed, Eric Lorenz, Natalia Melnikova, Lampros Mountrakis, Britt van Rooij, Andrew Svitenkov, Gábor Závodszky, and Pavel Zun. "Towards the virtual artery: a multiscale model for vascular physiology at the physics–chemistry–biology interface." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2080 (November 13, 2016): 20160146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0146.

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This discussion paper introduces the concept of the Virtual Artery as a multiscale model for arterial physiology and pathologies at the physics–chemistry–biology (PCB) interface. The cellular level is identified as the mesoscopic level, and we argue that by coupling cell-based models with other relevant models on the macro- and microscale, a versatile model of arterial health and disease can be composed. We review the necessary ingredients, both models of arteries at many different scales, as well as generic methods to compose multiscale models. Next, we discuss how this can be combined into the virtual artery. Finally, we argue that the concept of models at the PCB interface could or perhaps should become a powerful paradigm, not only as in our case for studying physiology, but also for many other systems that have such PCB interfaces. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Multiscale modelling at the physics–chemistry–biology interface’.
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10

Ren, Shang-Fen, and Jason Stanfield. "Interface Phonon Modes in Strained Semiconductor Superlattices." International Journal of Modern Physics B 12, no. 29n31 (December 20, 1998): 3137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979298002222.

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Phonon modes in strained ZnTe/CdSe superlattices are studied. The macroscopic interface modes and two different types of microscopic interface modes are identified. Interface phonon modes in (ZnTe)8(CdSe)8 superlattice with interchange of atomic layers across interfaces are calculated and compared with the results of superlattice with ideal interfaces.
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Дисертації з теми "Interface physics"

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Hansson, Henrik. "Craft Physics Interface." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8497.

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This is a masters thesis (20p) in computer science at the University of Linköping. This thesis will give an introduction to what a physics engine is and what it consist of. It will put some engines under the magnifying glass and test them in a couple of runtime tests. Two cutting edge commercial physics engines have been examined, trying to predict the future of physics engines. From the research and test results, an interface for physics engine independency has been implemented for a company called Craft Animations in Gothenburg, Sweden.

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2

Chen, Chun-Chung. "Understanding avalanche systems through underlying interface dynamics /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9755.

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Berman, Lorne David. "Xmess--a graphical voice-mail interface." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77882.

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Wang, Chenggong. "Interface Studies of Organic/Transition Metal Oxide with Organic Semiconductors and the Interfaces in the Perovskite Solar Cell." Thesis, University of Rochester, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3723336.

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In recent decades, research and development of organic based semiconductor devices have attracted intensive interests. One of the most essential elements is to understand the electronic structures at various interfaces involved in these devices since the interface properties control many of the critical electronic processes. It is thus necessary to study the electronic properties of the organic semiconductors with surface analytical tools to improve the understanding of the fundamental mechanisms involved in the interface formation. This thesis covers the experimental investigations on some of the most interesting topics raised in the recent development of organic electronic devices. The thesis intends to reveal the physical processes at the interface and their contribution to the device performance with photoemission and inverse photoemission investigations on the evolution of the occupied and unoccupied electronic structures. I will report a substantial difference in the electron affinity of CuPc on two substrates as the orientations of CuPc are different. I will also illustrate that the CuPc has standing up configuration on one monolayer of C60 on SiO2 while lying down on one monolayer of C60 on HOPG. Meanwhile, the CuPc on more than one monolayers of C60 on different substrates show that the substrate orientation effect vanished. Then I will propose a two-stage model to describe the bulk doping effect of C60 by molybdenum oxide. I will also demonstrate that the doping effect of C60 by ultra-thin layer molybdenum oxide is weaker than that by interface doping and bulk doping. I will demonstrate that for Au on CH3NH3PbI3, hole accumulation occurs at the vicinity of the interface, facilitating hole transfer from CH3NH3PbI3 to Au. I will show a strong initial shift of core levels to lower binding energy in C60 on CH3NH3PbI3 interface, which indicates that electrons transfer from the perovskite film to C60 molecules. I will further demonstrate that the molybdenum oxide surface can be passivated by approximately two monolayers of organic thin films against exposure to air. I will discuss the mechanism that how oxygen plasma treatment effectively recover the high work function drop of molybdenum oxide by air exposure. At the end, I will show that a small energy offset at Pentacen/C60 heterojunction makes it easy to transfer electrons from Pentacene to C60 even under a small applied bias, facilitating the occurrence of charge generation. Finally, I will summarize the thesis.

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5

Mafi, Mariyeh. "Magnetic Characteristics of the Manganese-/Iron-Phthalocyanine Interface." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10639509.

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The magnetic properties of Metallo-organic heterostructure interfaces are studied. These heterostructures are built with manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc) and iron phthalocyanine (FePc). Previously, the powder of each material is reported to be an Ising-like chain magnet with Arrhenius relaxation. The relaxation is slow enough to exhibit magnetic hysteresis at low temperatures. Each layer of the heterostructure is investigated separately by depositing a thin film of either iron phthalocyanine (FePc) or manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc) on a Silicon substrate heated to 150 °C. FePc thin films show magnetic hysteresis below 5K with a typical coercivity of 1850 ± 50 Oe and moment of about 1.9 µB in agreement with values from the literature. Similarly, the MnPc thin film deposited at 150 °C shows magnetic hysteresis at 2.5 K, and no hysteresis at 5K and 10 K. A coercive field of 390 Oe is recorded at 2.5 K. The saturation magnetization is near 9 emu cm–3, which corresponds to an effective magnetic moment per Mn ion of about 0.5 µB. For the MnPc/FePc thin film bilayer, the FePc is deposited at 150 °C onto the Silicon substrate, the sample is cooled to room temperature followed by the MnPc deposition in situ. The magnetic moment of this heterostructure is consistent with contributions from the FePc layer only, since the room temperature deposited MnPc has antiferromagnetic characteristics. This heterostructure has magnetic hysteresis with a coercivity of 910 Oe. No measurable shift of the hysteresis loops—as expected for an antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic coupled interface—is observed in this set of bilayers.

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6

Zhu, Kai Schiff Eric A. "Interface modulation spectroscopy and doping physics in amorphous silicon." Related Electronic Resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Visell, Yon. "Walking on virtual ground: physics, perception, and interface design." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103551.

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The sensorimotor capacities of the foot are crucial to human locomotion in diverse environments, to gathering information about walking surfaces, and to interacting with objects on the ground. Locomotion is increasingly employed to allow users to control and navigate within immersive virtual environments, but, in contrast to the hand, little attention has been given to the rendering of haptic sensations for the feet. This thesis addresses several challenges motivated by the problem of realizing haptic experiences of walking on virtual ground surfaces. First, a novel family of interfaces is introduced, based on a vibrotactile display integrated in a rigid floor plate. Its structural dynamics and controller have been optimized to ensure its ability to accurately reproduce mechanical vibrations over a wide frequency band, which was instrumental to realizing the perceptual study presented in the second part of the thesis. Distributed arrays of these devices are used to simulate virtual ground surfaces and floor-based multi-touch surfaces, whose usability for human-computer interaction is empirically demonstrated. The second component of this thesis is an experimental study of the contribution of vibrotactile sensory information to the perception of ground surface compliance. A novel haptic perceptual illusion is demonstrated, in which the apparent compliance of a floor surface is increased by vibrations felt via the plantar sole of the foot. This investigation also revealed the surprising ability of the vibrotactile floor interface to overcome, in part, a core limitation: its inability to display kinesthetic force-displacement information. The third part of the thesis analyzes texture-like mechanical signals produced through inelastic physical processes in complex, disordered materials like those encountered during walking in many natural terrains. Patterns of fluctuations accompanying sliding friction and fracture processes in quasi-brittle, heterogeneous materials subjected to time-varying loads are characterized using methods from statistical physics. This analysis was used to formulate novel algorithms for the haptic synthesis of high-frequency signatures of fracture processes in fiber composites and compressed granular media. In conclusion, this thesis presents an innovative hardware interface and techniques for interacting with virtual ground surfaces. It also demonstrates a new haptic perceptual effect that lends justification to the display paradigm adopted here. Finally, it analyzes and models transient, texture-like physical phenomena associated with stepping onto complex, natural ground materials.
Les capacités sensori-motrices du pied sont essentielles à la locomotion humaine, à la collecte d'informations sur les surfaces de marche, et à l'interaction avec des objets au sol. La locomotion est de plus en plus utilisée pour interagir et naviguer dans les environnements virtuels immersifs, mais, contrairement à la main, peu d'attention a été accordée au rendu des sensations haptiques pour les pieds. Cette thèse aborde plusieurs problèmes liés à la réalisation d'expériences haptiques de marche sur des terrains virtuels. Tout d'abord, une nouvelle famille d'interfaces est présentée, fondée sur un dispositif vibrotactile intégré dans un carreau rigide. Sa dynamique structurelle et son contrôleur ont été optimisés pour assurer sa capacité à reproduire fidèlement les vibrations mécaniques dans une large bande de fréquence, ce qui était nécessaire à la réalisation de l'étude de perception présentée en deuxième partie de la thèse. Un pavage de ces dispositifs est utilisé pour simuler des terrains virtuels et des planchers tactiles multi-points, dont l'ergonomie est démontrée de manière empirique. Le deuxième volet de cette thèse est une étude expérimentale sur la contribution de l'information vibrotactile à la perception de la compliance du sol. Une nouvelle illusion perceptuelle haptique est démontrée, dans laquelle la compliance apparente du sol est augmentée par les vibrations ressenties par la plante du pied. Cette étude a également révélé l'étonnante capacité de l'interface vibrotactile à surmonter, en partie, une limitation intrinsèque : son incapacité à transmettre des informations kinesthésiques force-déplacement. La troisième partie de la thèse analyse les signaux mécaniques complexes produits par les processus physiques inélastiques dans les matériaux désordonnés tels que ceux rencontrés lors de la marche en terrain naturel. Les modèles de fluctuations accompagnant le frottement de glissement et les processus de fracture dans les matériaux hétérogènes quasi-fragiles soumis aux charges variables sont caractérisés par des méthodes de physique statistique. Cette analyse est utilisée pour formuler de nouveaux algorithmes pour la synthèse haptique des signatures à hautes fréquences des processus de fracture dans les composites de fibres et les materiaux granulaires compressés. En conclusion, cette thèse présente un dispositif vibrotactile et des techniques novateurs pour interagir avec des terrains virtuels. Elle démontre un nouvel effet perceptuel qui justifie le paradigme d'interaction haptique adopté ici. Enfin, elle analyse et modélise certains phénomènes physiques associés à la marche sur des terrains naturels complexes.
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Park, Sungkyun. "Interface effects in ultra-thin films: Magnetic and chemical properties." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/279832.

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When the thickness of a magnetic layer is comparable to (or smaller than) the electron mean free path, the interface between magnetic and non-magnetic layers becomes very important factor to determine magnetic properties of the ultra-thin films. The quality of interface can enhance (or reduce) the desired properties. Several interesting physical phenomena were studied using these interface effects. The magnetic anisotropy of ultra-thin Co films is studied as function of non-magnetic underlayer thickness and non-magnetic overlayer materials using ex situ Brillouin light scattering (BLS). I observed that perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) increases with underlayer thickness and saturates after 5 ML. This saturation can be understood as a relaxation of the in-plane lattice parameter of Au(111) on top of Cu(111) to its bulk value. For the overlayer study, Cu, Al, and Au are used. An Au overlayer gives the largest PMA due to the largest in-plane lattice mismatch between Co and Au. An unusual effect was found by adding an additional layer on top of the Au overlayer. An additional Al capping layer on top of the Au overlayer reduces the PMA significantly. The possible explanation is that the misfit strain at the interface between the Al and the Au can be propagated through the Au layer to affect the magnetic properties of Co even though the in-plane lattice mismatch is less than 1%. Another interesting problem in interface interdiffusion and thermal stability in magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) structures is studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Since XPS is a very chemically sensitive technique, it allows us to monitor interface interdiffusion of the MTJ structures as-deposited and during post-deposition processing. For the plasma-oxidized samples, Fe only participates in the oxidation reduction process. In contrast to plasma-oxidized samples, there were no noticeable chemical shifts as-deposited and during post-deposition processing in air-oxidized samples. However, peak intensity variations were observed due to interface interdiffusion.
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9

Thompson, Jeffrey Douglas. "A quantum interface between single atoms and nanophotonic structures." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13070060.

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Strong interactions between light and atoms at the single-quantum level are an important ingredient for quantum technologies, as well as for studies of fundamental effects in quantum optics. This thesis describes the development of a novel experimental platform that allows for trapping a single rubidium atom in the evanescent mode of a nano-fabricated optical cavity with sub-wavelength dimensions. By virtue of their small size, these cavities provide extremely large atom-photon coupling strengths and good prospects for scalability and integration into complex quantum optical circuits. Positioning the atom near the nano-structure is accomplished using a scanning optical tweezer dipole trap. As a first application, we have demonstrated a coherent optical switch, where a single gate photon controls the propagation of many subsequent signal photons, with the interaction mediated by the atom and cavity. We have also shown that the optical response of the combined atom-cavity system is nonlinear at the level of one or two photons.
Physics
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10

Srivastava, Nishtha. "Interface Structure of Graphene on SiC for Various Preparation Conditions." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2012. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/90.

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In this thesis we study the preparation dependence of the interface structure of graphene on SiC. We compare epitaxial graphene grown in ultra-high vacuum (UHV), in an atmosphere of argon, and in a background of 10-4 Torr of disilane. Graphene growth is studied on both the polar faces of SiC – the SiC(0001) surface, also known as the Si-face and the SiC(0001 ) surface, also known as the C-face. We find that the quality of graphene and the interface of graphene on the substrate depend on which face of SiC is used, and also what environment it was prepared in. Characterization using atomic force microscopy (AFM), low energy diffraction (LEED) and low energy electron microscopy (LEEM) reveals that on the C-face the interface structure prior to graphitization sensitively depends on the preparation conditions. On the Si-face the interface structure prior to graphitization does not change for any of the three environments, however the quality of the graphene formed shows an improvement when prepared in disilane or argon compared to UHV. When SiC is heated in vacuum the Si atoms preferentially sublimate leaving behind C atoms that rearrange to form graphene. In our prior work we found that compared to the Si-face graphitization of the C-face in vacuum results in thicker graphene films with a larger distribution of thicknesses. A reason for this could be the different nature of the graphene-substrate interface in the two cases. On the Si-face graphene growth is mediated through an interface layer that displays a 6√3×6√3-R30 LEED pattern (this interface layer is also known as the "buffer layer") which acts as a template for graphene growth, while on the C-face no such buffer layer is formed. This buffer layer on the Si-face is known to consist of basically a graphene monolayer, but with some of the carbon atoms bonded to the underlying SiC. Graphene produced on SiC in vacuum conditions is quite inhomogeneous with small domain sizes and (we refer to an area with a constant thickness of multilayer graphene as a "domain") and numerous pits. On the Si-face it has been found by many research groups including our own that graphitization in an atmosphere of argon results in large monolayer domains with an elimination of pits. The argon decreases the Si sublimation rate, thus increasing the temperature required for graphene formation. The higher graphitization temperature results in an improved morphology of the graphene film. Some researchers use a background of disilane instead of an atmosphere of argon, and in this thesis we report our results for graphitization of SiC in a disilane environment. On the Si-face we find an improvement in the morphology of disilane prepared graphene films compared to those prepared in vacuum, consistent with other researchers. In terms of the interface structure prior to graphitization no difference was found for graphene produced in UHV, argon or disilane. For all three environments the LEED pattern from the interface prior to graphitization displayed 6√3 x 6√3-R30 (6√3 for short) symmetry. In an attempt to controllably form thin layers of graphene on the C-face we previously tried graphitizing in an atmosphere of argon, however that led to inhomogeneous islands of thick graphene forming over the surface. It was found that due to an unintentional oxidation of the surface during graphitization, the surface became resistant to graphitization. In this thesis we present results for graphitization of the C-face in a background of disilane, which to our knowledge has not been attempted before. We are able to form graphene films that are thin and uniform relative to those prepared in vacuum or argon. We demonstrate that by graphitizing in a background of disilane we avoid the unintentional oxidation that inhibits graphene formation on the C-face in argon. For C-face samples prepared in disilane, prior to graphitization we observe a √43×√43±7.6° (√43 for short) in situ LEED pattern that has never been observed in vacuum prepared samples. This √43 pattern is found to disappear after air exposure. The ex situ LEEM reflectivity curves of such a disilane prepared sample show unique features not seen in any vacuum prepared sample. By analyzing the LEED pattern and the LEEM reflectivity curves we associate the unusual reflectivity curves we observe on the C-face with a buffer layer, analogous to the 63 layer that form on the Si-face. This buffer layer has the 43 symmetry due to bonding to the underlying SiC, but upon air exposure these bonds are broken (due to oxidation of the SiC) and the layer becomes "decoupled" from the SiC. This decoupling of the buffer layer on the C-face is analogous to what occurs upon oxidation or hydrogenation of the 63 layer on the Si-face. We believe that the √43 layer does not form in vacuum prepared samples due to kinetic limitations but is able to form in Si-rich environments (such as disilane or furnace grown graphene) as the graphitization takes place with the Si sublimation rate closer to equilibrium. The schematic shown below summarizes the differences between Si-face and C-face SiC/graphene interface structures, depending on preparation conditions (vacuum or Si-rich). The right most figure shows the main result of this work, which puts graphene formation on the C-face on a similar footing as for the Si-face since the "buffer" layer provides a template for the graphene growth. A separate project discussed in this thesis is scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/S) on epitaxial graphene on the Si-face. Two different studies were performed. In the first study we performed STM/S on a Si-face graphene sample in which a large fraction of the area was covered by a secondary disordered phase. The disordered phase showed a graphene-like spectrum with additional features that could arise from dangling bonds or defects. On the basis of additional data from AFM and Auger electron spectroscopy we argue that this secondary phase is similar to the nanocrystalline graphite (NCG) phase that we observe on C-face samples. In the second study we performed STS on a graphene sample that was functionalized by hydrogen. Functionalizing graphene changes the nature of its bonding and can open up a band gap in it. Our STS results indicate that no band gap opened up in the graphene, however we found the presence of additional states in the spectra that indicate the nature of the bonds in graphene had changed due to the hydrogen functionalization. In the last study of this thesis we perform LEEM on graphene samples prepared on Cu foil. The samples were made in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) chamber under different growth conditions. LEEM was used to measure the reflectivity curves and perform selected area diffraction on the samples. The reflectivity curves allowed us to determine the graphene thickness, and the selected area diffraction allowed us to determine the orientation of the graphene and whether it was single-crystal or not.
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Книги з теми "Interface physics"

1

Fernández, Ariel. Physics at the Biomolecular Interface. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30852-4.

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2

B, Duke Charles, and Plummer E. Ward, eds. Frontiers in surface and interface science. Amsterdam: North Holland, 2002.

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B, Duke Charles, and Plummer E. Ward, eds. Frontiers in surface and interface science. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2002.

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4

Fernando, Godwin. Christian metaphysics and quantum physics: A theology-physics interface. Ratmalana: Sarvodaya Vishva Lekha, 2003.

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Kauffman, Louis, ed. The Interface of Knots and Physics. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/psapm/051.

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6

Kazakov, D., and G. Smadja, eds. Particle Physics and Cosmology: The Interface. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3161-0.

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7

Wandelt, K. Surface and interface science. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2012.

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8

Bakrim, Hassan. Progress in surface and interface research, 2006. Trivandrum, Kerala, India: Transworld Research Network, 2006.

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9

Dey, Mira. Nuclear and Particle Physics: The Changing Interface. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994.

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10

G, Quillen D., Segal Graeme, and Tsou S. T, eds. The Interface of mathematics and particle physics. Oxford: Clarendon, 1990.

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Частини книг з теми "Interface physics"

1

Wang, Shengkai, and Xiaolei Wang. "Physics of Interface." In MOS Interface Physics, Process and Characterization, 7–50. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003216285-2.

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2

Helander, Michael G., Zhibin Wang, and Zheng-Hong Lu. "Electrode–Organic Interface Physics." In Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology, 1015–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9780-1_10.

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3

Morgan III, John, and James Cohen. "Interface with Nuclear Physics." In Springer Handbook of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics, 1355–72. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-26308-3_90.

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4

Auffan, Mélanie, Catherine Santaella, Alain Thiéry, Christine Paillès, Jérôme Rose, Wafa Achouak, Antoine Thill, et al. "Electrode–Organic Interface Physics." In Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology, 702–10. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9751-4_10.

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5

Cohen, James S., and John D. Morgan III. "Interface with Nuclear Physics." In Springer Handbook of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics, 1359–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73893-8_91.

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6

Kalikmanov, V. I. "Liquid-vapor interface." In Statistical Physics of Fluids, 49–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04536-7_4.

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7

Gay, Warren. "Physics of the GPIO Interface." In Exploring the Raspberry Pi 2 with C++, 83–94. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-1739-9_8.

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8

Tang, Bing, Zhigeng Pan, ZuoYan Lin, and Le Zheng. "PHI: Physics Application Programming Interface." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 390–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11872320_57.

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9

Schmidbauer, Martin. "Characterization of Interface Roughness." In Springer Tracts in Modern Physics, 165–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39986-5_7.

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10

Morrison, S. Roy. "The Solid/Liquid Interface." In The Chemical Physics of Surfaces, 297–331. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2498-8_8.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Interface physics"

1

Nahm, Werner, and Jian-min Shen. "INTERFACE BETWEEN PHYSICS AND MATHEMATICS." In International Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814534864.

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2

Sengupta, Subhamita, and Arup Kumar Raychaudhuri. "Interface induced relaxation at a ferromagnetic-ferroelectric interface." In DAE SOLID STATE PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM 2018. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5113173.

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3

Becker, U., M. Dohlus, and T. Weiland. "A consistent interface between PIC-simulations." In Computational accelerator physics. AIP, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.52383.

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4

Swatloski, T. L. "Graphical user interface for AMOS and POISSON." In Computational accelerator physics. AIP, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.45349.

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5

Altamirano del Monte, Felipe, Miguel A. Padilla Castañeda, and Fernando Arámbula Cosío. "Mechatronics Interface for Computer Assisted Prostate Surgery Training." In MEDICAL PHYSICS: Ninth Mexican Symposium on Medical Physics. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2356434.

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6

Martinez-Rodriguez, Macarena C., and Luis A. Camunas-Mesa. "Graphic user interface for learning communications physics." In 2022 Congreso de Tecnología, Aprendizaje y Enseñanza de la Electrónica (XV Technologies Applied to Electronics Teaching Conference (TAEE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taee54169.2022.9840553.

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7

Kato, K., I. Hirano, D. Matsushita, Y. Nakasaki, Y. Mitani, Jisoon Ihm, and Hyeonsik Cheong. "Degradation of High-k∕Interface Layer Structures by H Atoms and Interface Engineering with O Atom Manipulation." In PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS: 30th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3666697.

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8

Eaglesham, D. J., and D. L. Windt. "Interface Roughness And Void Formation In Si Deposition At Low Temperatures." In Physics of X-Ray Multilayer Structures. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pxrayms.1992.wa3.

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X-ray scattering from multilayers (such as Mo-Si) is to a large extent controlled by interface quality, which in turn is frequently controlled by surface morphology. Here we present a study of interface and surface morphology in both crystalline and amorphous Si layers deposited by evaporation in UHV at low substrate temperatures. For simplicity, the interfaces investigated are single monolayers of Ge, so that chemical effects are avoided. Amorphous Si films undergo morphological roughening and void formation, leading to apparent Si-Ge interface widths ≈5nm. In crystalline Si grown at the same temperature and deposition rate the roughness is considerably less marked, although localised void formation still occurs. Both the void density and the apparent interface width of single monolayers of Ge appears under these conditions to be linked to the thickness of crystalline Si deposited.
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9

Foreman, Bradley A. "Interface Band Mixing from First Principles." In PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS: 27th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors - ICPS-27. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1994161.

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10

Dubé, M. "Interface dynamics in imbibition." In Third tohwa university international conference on statistical physics. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1291616.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Interface physics"

1

Millis, Andrew. Surface and Interface Physics of Correlated Electron Materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1399869.

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2

Yaklin, Melissa A., Chad E. Knutson, David R. Noble, Alicia R. Aragon, Ken Shuang Chen, Nicholas J. Giordano, Carlton, F. Brooks, Laura J. Pyrak-Nolte, and Yihong Liu. Interface physics in microporous media : LDRD final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/958190.

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3

Murakami, K. Development of an Interface for Using EGS4 Physics Processes in Geant4. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/826773.

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4

Wang, Jian. Development of an Interface-Dislocation Dynamics Model to Incorporate the Physics of Interfaces in Predicting the Macroscopic Mechanical Properties of Nanoscale Composites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1059879.

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5

Maher, J. V. The physics of pattern formation at liquid interface: Progress report, June 1, 1988--May 31, 1989. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6056013.

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6

Perdigão, Rui A. P. New Horizons of Predictability in Complex Dynamical Systems: From Fundamental Physics to Climate and Society. Meteoceanics, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46337/211021.

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Discerning the dynamics of complex systems in a mathematically rigorous and physically consistent manner is as fascinating as intimidating of a challenge, stirring deeply and intrinsically with the most fundamental Physics, while at the same time percolating through the deepest meanders of quotidian life. The socio-natural coevolution in climate dynamics is an example of that, exhibiting a striking articulation between governing principles and free will, in a stochastic-dynamic resonance that goes way beyond a reductionist dichotomy between cosmos and chaos. Subjacent to the conceptual and operational interdisciplinarity of that challenge, lies the simple formal elegance of a lingua franca for communication with Nature. This emerges from the innermost mathematical core of the Physics of Coevolutionary Complex Systems, articulating the wealth of insights and flavours from frontier natural, social and technical sciences in a coherent, integrated manner. Communicating thus with Nature, we equip ourselves with formal tools to better appreciate and discern complexity, by deciphering a synergistic codex underlying its emergence and dynamics. Thereby opening new pathways to see the “invisible” and predict the “unpredictable” – including relative to emergent non-recurrent phenomena such as irreversible transformations and extreme geophysical events in a changing climate. Frontier advances will be shared pertaining a dynamic that translates not only the formal, aesthetical and functional beauty of the Physics of Coevolutionary Complex Systems, but also enables and capacitates the analysis, modelling and decision support in crucial matters for the environment and society. By taking our emerging Physics in an optic of operational empowerment, some of our pioneering advances will be addressed such as the intelligence system Earth System Dynamic Intelligence and the Meteoceanics QITES Constellation, at the interface between frontier non-linear dynamics and emerging quantum technologies, to take the pulse of our planet, including in the detection and early warning of extreme geophysical events from Space.
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7

Kozlovsky, Evgen O., та Hennadiy M. Kravtsov. Мультимедийная виртуальная лаборатория по физике в системе дистанционного обучения. [б. в.], серпень 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/2455.

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Research goals: the description of technology of software development in Physics Virtual Laboratory for Distance Learning System. Research objectives: the architecture of client and server parts of the lab, the functionality of the system modules, user roles, as well as the principles of virtual laboratory use on a personal computer. Object of research: the distance learning system “Kherson Virtual University”. Subject of research: virtual laboratory for physics in the distance learning. Research methods used: analysis of statistics and publications. Results of the research. The development of the software module “Virtual Lab” in distance learning system “Kherson Virtual University” (DLS KVU) applied to the problems of physics on topics kinematics and dynamics. The information technology design and development, the structure of the virtual laboratory, and its place in the DLS KVU are described. The principal modes of the program module operation in the system and methods for its use in the educational process are described. The main conclusions and recommendations. The use of this software interface allows teachers to create labs and use them in their distance courses. Students, in turn, will be able to conduct research, carrying out virtual laboratory work.
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8

Shani, Uri, Lynn Dudley, Alon Ben-Gal, Menachem Moshelion, and Yajun Wu. Root Conductance, Root-soil Interface Water Potential, Water and Ion Channel Function, and Tissue Expression Profile as Affected by Environmental Conditions. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7592119.bard.

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Constraints on water resources and the environment necessitate more efficient use of water. The key to efficient management is an understanding of the physical and physiological processes occurring in the soil-root hydraulic continuum.While both soil and plant leaf water potentials are well understood, modeled and measured, the root-soil interface where actual uptake processes occur has not been sufficiently studied. The water potential at the root-soil interface (yᵣₒₒₜ), determined by environmental conditions and by soil and plant hydraulic properties, serves as a boundary value in soil and plant uptake equations. In this work, we propose to 1) refine and implement a method for measuring yᵣₒₒₜ; 2) measure yᵣₒₒₜ, water uptake and root hydraulic conductivity for wild type tomato and Arabidopsis under varied q, K⁺, Na⁺ and Cl⁻ levels in the root zone; 3) verify the role of MIPs and ion channels response to q, K⁺ and Na⁺ levels in Arabidopsis and tomato; 4) study the relationships between yᵣₒₒₜ and root hydraulic conductivity for various crops representing important botanical and agricultural species, under conditions of varying soil types, water contents and salinity; and 5) integrate the above to water uptake term(s) to be implemented in models. We have made significant progress toward establishing the efficacy of the emittensiometer and on the molecular biology studies. We have added an additional method for measuring ψᵣₒₒₜ. High-frequency water application through the water source while the plant emerges and becomes established encourages roots to develop towards and into the water source itself. The yᵣₒₒₜ and yₛₒᵢₗ values reflected wetting and drying processes in the rhizosphere and in the bulk soil. Thus, yᵣₒₒₜ can be manipulated by changing irrigation level and frequency. An important and surprising finding resulting from the current research is the obtained yᵣₒₒₜ value. The yᵣₒₒₜ measured using the three different methods: emittensiometer, micro-tensiometer and MRI imaging in both sunflower, tomato and corn plants fell in the same range and were higher by one to three orders of magnitude from the values of -600 to -15,000 cm suggested in the literature. We have added additional information on the regulation of aquaporins and transporters at the transcript and protein levels, particularly under stress. Our preliminary results show that overexpression of one aquaporin gene in tomato dramatically increases its transpiration level (unpublished results). Based on this information, we started screening mutants for other aquaporin genes. During the feasibility testing year, we identified homozygous mutants for eight aquaporin genes, including six mutants for five of the PIP2 genes. Including the homozygous mutants directly available at the ABRC seed stock center, we now have mutants for 11 of the 19 aquaporin genes of interest. Currently, we are screening mutants for other aquaporin genes and ion transporter genes. Understanding plant water uptake under stress is essential for the further advancement of molecular plant stress tolerance work as well as for efficient use of water in agriculture. Virtually all of Israel’s agriculture and about 40% of US agriculture is made possible by irrigation. Both countries face increasing risk of water shortages as urban requirements grow. Both countries will have to find methods of protecting the soil resource while conserving water resources—goals that appear to be in direct conflict. The climate-plant-soil-water system is nonlinear with many feedback mechanisms. Conceptual plant uptake and growth models and mechanism-based computer-simulation models will be valuable tools in developing irrigation regimes and methods that maximize the efficiency of agricultural water. This proposal will contribute to the development of these models by providing critical information on water extraction by the plant that will result in improved predictions of both water requirements and crop yields. Plant water use and plant response to environmental conditions cannot possibly be understood by using the tools and language of a single scientific discipline. This proposal links the disciplines of soil physics and soil physical chemistry with plant physiology and molecular biology in order to correctly treat and understand the soil-plant interface in terms of integrated comprehension. Results from the project will contribute to a mechanistic understanding of the SPAC and will inspire continued multidisciplinary research.
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9

Maher, J. V. The physics of pattern formation at liquid interfaces. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7205822.

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10

Wilson, D., Daniel Breton, Lauren Waldrop, Danney Glaser, Ross Alter, Carl Hart, Wesley Barnes, et al. Signal propagation modeling in complex, three-dimensional environments. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40321.

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The Signal Physics Representation in Uncertain and Complex Environments (SPRUCE) work unit, part of the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) Army Terrestrial-Environmental Modeling and Intelligence System (ARTEMIS) work package, focused on the creation of a suite of three-dimensional (3D) signal and sensor performance modeling capabilities that realistically capture propagation physics in urban, mountainous, forested, and other complex terrain environments. This report describes many of the developed technical capabilities. Particular highlights are (1) creation of a Java environmental data abstraction layer for 3D representation of the atmosphere and inhomogeneous terrain that ingests data from many common weather forecast models and terrain data formats, (2) extensions to the Environmental Awareness for Sensor and Emitter Employment (EASEE) software to enable 3D signal propagation modeling, (3) modeling of transmitter and receiver directivity functions in 3D including rotations of the transmitter and receiver platforms, (4) an Extensible Markup Language/JavaScript Object Notation (XML/JSON) interface to facilitate deployment of web services, (5) signal feature definitions and other support for infrasound modeling and for radio-frequency (RF) modeling in the very high frequency (VHF), ultra-high frequency (UHF), and super-high frequency (SHF) frequency ranges, and (6) probabilistic calculations for line-of-sight in complex terrain and vegetation.
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