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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Inscriptions cham"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 6 лютого 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Inscriptions cham"

Mathieu, Jean-Claude. "Inscriptions et écriture, Leiris, Éluard, Char." Littérature 79, no. 3 (1990): 108–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/litt.1990.2544.

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Song, Ting, and Yuanlin Wang. "Stone Inscriptions as Mirror Images: Historical Details of Tang Dynasty Buddhism in the Luoyang Region." Religions 14, no. 12 (November 30, 2023): 1493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14121493.

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For a long time, scholarly research on Buddhism in Luoyang during the Tang Dynasty has mainly focused on eminent monks and Buddhist temples. This focus is evident in the recorded literature of ancient times, such as The Continued Biographies of Eminent Monks and The Biographies of Eminent Monks. Based on stone inscriptions, this paper examines the dissemination and development of Buddhism in the Eastern Capital of Luoyang during the Tang Dynasty. This article presents the following viewpoints and findings: Firstly, the epitaphs and pagoda inscriptions provide historical details that are not widely known, such as the names of temples in the suburb, the identities of prominent monks who propagated Dharma in Luoyang, the Buddhist scriptures chanted and learned by the Luoyang people, and the people’s motivation to adopt Buddhism. Secondly, the epitaphs and pagoda inscriptions supplement important historical materials on Chan Buddhism, confirming the widespread popularity of the Northern Sect of Chan Buddhism in the Luoyang region. Thirdly, the epitaphs and pagoda inscriptions reveal that Luoyang Buddhist practice was popular, characterized by the succession of blood-related monastic companions; that is, many families had two or more relatives who became monks or nuns simultaneously or successively, a phenomenon that has not attracted attention from academic circles. Fourthly, the blood-related monastic companions of Buddhist practice affected the mentoring relationships and organizational management of temples and monasteries, promoting communication and interaction between Buddhism and traditional Chinese culture.

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Resweber, Jean-Paul. "Le champ de l’herméneutique." Thème 10, no. 2 (August 25, 2004): 55–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/008883ar.

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Résumé Du point de vue de la démarche philosophique, l'a. présente trois trajectoires herméneutiques distinctes, pour en déterminer les points d'articulation et les convergences: la phénoménologie (Husserl, Heidegger, Gadamer, Ricoeur), la psychanalyse (Freud, Lacan), la théologie (Bultmann, Derrida). Quelques « lieux communs » de l'herméneutique apparaissent alors: traversée et quête renouvelée d'une compréhension où il n'y a point de vérité absolue, écriture codée du texte ou des inscriptions vécues et écriture parlée du dialogue philosophique ou analytique, tension entre le littéral et le figuré, compréhension perçue comme traduction et compréhension perçue comme écoute, partage sur la question du fondement, rapport privilégié entre le récit et la configuration temporelle de la vérité, et précarité du sujet-interprète douloureusement éprouvée par le sujet de la théologie.

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Feng, Li. "Solving puzzles about the casting method of bronze inscriptions of the Western Zhou Dynasty." Chinese Archaeology 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/char-2015-0001.

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AbstractThis paper puts forward a new interpretation about the casting techniques of Western Zhou bronze inscriptions, especially those cast in raised grids. In fuller consideration of the various phenomena seen on the bronzes, this paper suggests a nine-step workflow in which transitional molds were employed to produce the real casting core with raised texts to be used for final casting. This new theory not only fully explains the production of long inscriptions with sunken texts and raised grids, but also explains the technical details behind a number of recently discovered special inscriptions.

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Feng, Shi. "On the “Zunie”." Chinese Archaeology 16, no. 1 (November 27, 2016): 168–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/char-2016-0016.

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Ishfaq Ahmad Mir. "EXPLORING SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF KASHMIR UNDER THE CHAK SULTANATE ERA." MORFAI JOURNAL 3, no. 1 (April 9, 2023): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.54443/morfai.v3i1.797.

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This research paper aims to explore the social structure of Kashmir during the Chak Sultanate era, which lasted from the 15th to the 16th century. Using primary sources, including historical accounts and inscriptions, this study provides an in-depth analysis of the social hierarchy, class system, and religious and ethnic diversity of the region during this period. The paper highlights the significant influence of Islam on the social fabric of Kashmir, as well as the role of the ruling elite in shaping the political and social landscape of the region. The research reveals that while the Chak Sultanate era was marked by a high degree of social stratification and inequality, it was also a period of cultural and intellectual flourishing, as evidenced by the development of art, literature, and architecture. Overall, this research sheds light on a crucial but understudied period in the history of Kashmir, offering insights into the social and cultural dynamics that continue to shape the region to this day.

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Hubei Provincial Institute of Cultu. "The Yejiashan Cemetery of the Western Zhou Dynasty in Suizhou City, Hubei." Chinese Archaeology 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/char-2013-0001.

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AbstractIn February through June 2011, Hubei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and Suizhou Museum excavated Yejiashan Cemetery of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The excavation uncovered areas of 3700sq m in total, from which 65 tombs and one horse pit were recovered and over 700 pieces (or sets) of artifacts including bronzes, potteries, proto-porcelain wares and jades were unearthed. Some bronzes bore inscriptions of “Zeng 曾”, “Hou 侯 (marquis)”, “Zeng Hou 曾侯 (Marquis of Zeng)”, “Zeng Hou Jian 曾侯谏 (Marquis of Zeng named Jian)” and so on. The styles of the grave goods and the inscriptions on the bronzes showed that this cemetery was the family cemetery of the Marquis of Zeng in the early Western Zhou Dynasty. The excavation of the Yejiashan Cemetery has academic significances for the researches on the relationships between the Zeng and E States and Zeng and Chu States to the east of the Han River in the early Western Zhou Dynasty.

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Audouze, Françoise, and Jean-Luc Fiches. "L'archéologie française et les paléo-environnements." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 48, no. 1 (February 1993): 17–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ahess.1993.279117.

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L'étude du paléo-environnement, quoique née il y a plusieurs décennies, connaît un profond renouvellement depuis quelques années et prend une place de plus en plus importante dans les recherches sur le passé. Sa transformation joue sur les questions posées qui couvrent un champ de plus en plus large. Il se produit au fond un changement de perspective comparable à celui qui régit les relations entre Archéologie et Histoire. Pour un certain nombre d'historiens et d'archéologues, les données archéologiques sont devenues des sources historiques à part entière, au même titre que les textes, les documents paléographiques ou les inscriptions et ne sont plus là seulement pour les confirmer.

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Xu, Lianggao. "Archaeological culture, document texts, and the construction of early Wu Yue history." Chinese Archaeology 22, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/char-2022-0013.

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Abstract The current study first systematically traces the archaeological cultures of southeast China (the Wu Yue region) during the Western Zhou, from the perspective of material culture remains, sources, regional variants, and social conditions revealed from the archaeological evidence. It then analyzes the plurality of interpretations of bronze inscriptions and the nature of documentary records concerning the emergence of the Wu and Yue states and their early history. The author points out that a regional archaeological culture with unique characteristics, showing great cultural affinity with the Wu Yue culture during the late Eastern Zhou period (771–475 BCE) had existed in southeast China during Western Zhou (1045–771 BCE). However, the emergence of Wu and Yue states and their early history recorded in historical texts have not been confirmed by any archaeological discoveries in the form of material cultures, bronze inscriptions, or documentary texts. Assertions of direct connections between related archaeological cultures and early Wu and Yue states lack persuasiveness. Considering this, the author proposes new insights into the textuality of documentary records, the relation between archaeology and historical texts, as well as the essence of historiography.

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Seramour, Michaël. "Graffitis des forts de la Grande Guerre : paroles et images intimes de soldats dans l’Est de la France, 1900-1920." 20 & 21. Revue d'histoire N° 156, no. 4 (September 15, 2023): 59–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/vin.156.0059.

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Aujourd’hui encore, les anciens paysages de la guerre – des carrière souterraines aux fortifications militaires – gardent la trace d’innombrables graffitis laissés par les soldats de la Grande Guerre. C’est cette expression iconographique directe du soldat de 14-18 qui est au cœur de cette article : graffitis, peintures, inscriptions et dessins tracés sur les parois de fortifications dans l’est de la France. Cette masse documentaire toujours présente sur le champ de bataille, répertoriée, archivée et analysée pour la première fois depuis la fin du premier conflit mondial, ouvre des perspectives sans pareil pour le chercheur spécialisé dans l’étude de l’univers mental des militaires et des combattants. Elle donne accès à une culture du front créée par le simple poilu.

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Дисертації з теми "Inscriptions cham"

Nguyen, Tien Nam. "Segmentation, Recognition and Indexing of Cham characters in Cham documents." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LAROS016.

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Depuis la disparition des royaumes Champa au cours du 19e siècle, la langue Cham qui est née et s'est développée à partir de 2e siècle, n'est plus vraiment utilisée chez les descendants des Champa. Le manque de transmission des connaissances et des documents de la culture Cham rend, l'étude de cette langue difficile pour les épigraphistes et les historiens. Par conséquent, le projet ANR CHAMDOC vise à préserver et proposer des outils pour étudier la langue Cham. Dans cette thèse, nous nous sommes concentrés sur l'analyse de deux types de documents Cham à savoir : des inscriptions, qui ont été gravées sur des stèles en pierre, du 6e au 15e siècle et des manuscrits datant du 18e siècle. Quelques travaux sur la numérisation des inscriptions ont été menés mais aucune étude n'a vraiment été réalisée. La collection de manuscrits, quant à elle, n'a jamais été exploitée. Ces deux collections de documents offrent de nombreux défis pour la communauté scientifique. Au cours de ces travaux, nous proposons un pipeline complet pour le traitement automatique de ces documents. Celui-ci est basé sur différentes techniques d'analyse d'images de documents. Les défis rencontrés proviennent des caractéristiques des documents eux-mêmes, mais aussi des spécificités linguistiques du Cham. Une analyse de ces caractéristiques a été menée afin de proposer des solutions adaptées aux inscriptions et aux manuscrits
Since the demise of Champa kingdoms during the 19th century, the Cham language that originated and developed from the 2nd century, is no longer really used among the descendants of the Champa. The lack of transmission of knowledge and documents of the Cham culture makes the study of this language difficult for epigraphists and historians. Therefore, the ANR CHAMDOC project aims to preserve and provide tools for studying the Cham language. In this thesis, we focused on the analysis of two types of Cham documents namely: inscriptions, which were engraved on stone steles, from 6th to 15th century; manuscripts dating from the 18th century. Some work on the digitization of inscriptions has started but no study has really been carried out. The collection of manuscripts, for its part, has never been exploited. These two collections offer many challenges for the scientific community. During this work, we propose a complete pipeline for the automatic processing of these documents. This is based on different DIA techniques. The challenges encountered come from the characteristics of the documents themselves, but also from the linguistic specificities of Cham. An analysis of these characteristics has been carried out in order to propose solutions adapted to inscriptions and manuscripts

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Simon, Dylan. "Les inscriptions savantes de Maximilien Sorre (1880-1962) entre conformation et singularisation dans le champ de la géographie." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H099.

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Maximilien Sorre (1880-1962) s’est fait le promoteur d’une écologie humaine en géographie. De sa thèse Les Pyrénées méditerranéennes. Étude de géographie biologique (1913) à son ouvrage Les fondements biologiques de la géographie humaine. Essai d’une écologie de l’homme (1943), il porte une attention particulière aux relations entre l’homme et le milieu vivant. Ainsi, il se distingue des autres géographes par la diversité et l’originalité de ses préoccupations : les genres de vie, les maladies, l’alimentation, le climat urbain, les «milieux artificiels», etc. Ce faisant, il s’inscrit dans de multiples réseaux savants — de biologistes, médecins, sociologues et psychologues. Ses écrits se démarquent également par une dimension généraliste et spéculative, quand ses contemporains privilégient souvent une approche régionale. Pour autant, le savant participe pleinement aux lieux disciplinaires de son temps. Professeur à l’université de Lille dans l’entre-deux-guerres, auteur de volumes pour la Géographie Universelle, puis titulaire d’une chaire à la Sorbonne et directeur des Annales de Géographie dans les années 1940, Maximilien Sorre finit sa carrière comme directeur du Centre d’Études Sociologiques. Le caractère brillant, mais somme toute traditionnel, de sa trajectoire contraste avec la relative singularité de ses centres d’intérêts. Cette étude biographique cherche donc à ressaisir la tension ou la coexistence entre ces différentes inscriptions savantes, à penser l’articulation, au sein d’une même vie, entre un principe de conformation — ou de reproduction — et un principe de singularisation permettant l’innovation scientifique
Maximilien Sorre (1880-1962) promoted human ecology in geography. From his thesis, entitled Les Pyrénées méditerranéennes. Étude de géographie biologique (1913), to his 1943 essay Les fondements biologiques de la géographie humaine. Essai d’une écologie de l’homme, his work focuses on the relationships between human beings and the living environment. Thus he distinguishes himself from other geographers because of the diversity and originality of his preoccupations: lifestyles (“genres de vie”), illnesses, diet, urban climate, “artificial environments”, etc. In doing so, he is part of numerous learned networks – of biologists, doctors, sociologists and psychologists. His written works also differentiate themselves because they have a general and speculative dimension, while his contemporaries often favour a regional approach. Nevertheless, the scholar is fully involved in the places of knowledge of his time. He is a professor at the university of Lille between the wars, the author of some volumes for Géographie Universelle, he then holds a chair at the Sorbonne and directs Annales de Géographie in the 1940s, Maximilien Sorre ends his career as the head of Centre of Sociological Research. The brilliant, yet traditional nature of his path contrasts with the relative singularity of his interests. Therefore this biographical study attempts to grasp the tension or the coexistence between these different learned inscriptions, to reflect on the articulation, during his lifetime, between a principle of conformation – or reproduction – and a principle of wishing to stand out, thus enabling scientific innovation

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Vignale, François. "La revue Fontaine (1938-1947) : inscription d'une revue algéroise dans le paysage intellectuel français et mutations du champ littéraire dans la période 1934-1950." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010VERS017S.

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Fondée à Alger en 1938 par Charles Autrand et Max-Pol Fouchet, Fontaine, modeste revue de littérature et de poésie connaît un destin exceptionnel en raison de son attitude de refus de l'armistice proclamé dès l'été 1940 et de la constitution d'un réseau de collaborateurs qui rassemble l'ensemble de la Résistance intellectuelle au point de dominer le champ littéraire pendant l'Occupation. Il s'agit ici de mettre au jour les mécanismes internes et externes qui ont permis la réussite d'un projet littéraire singulier. Il s'agit également de replacer la revue dans son environnement et dans le champ littéraire en s'interrogeant sur le rôle décisif des circonstances. Il s'agit enfin de revenir sur les raisons de sa disparition dans un climat politique normalisé
Founded in Algiers in 1938 by Charles Autrand & Max-Pol Fouchet, Fontaine, modest literature and poetry review, enjoyed an exceptional destiny after refusing the armistice in Summer 1940 and creating a network of collaborators that rallied most of the members of the intellectual Resistance , thus dominating the literary field during the Occupation. We shall bring to light in what way internal and external mechanisms made a peculiar literary project successful. We shall also study, analysing the decisive role of circumstances, the place of the review within both its environment and the literary field. We shall at last go back over the reasons of its disappearance in a political climate that had got back to normal

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Книги з теми "Inscriptions cham"

Griffiths, Arlo. Văn khắc Chămpa tại Bảo tàng Điêu khắc Chăm-Đà Nẵng. Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh: Nhà xuất bản Đại học quốc gia Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, 2012.

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1943-, Ma Mingda, ed. Chao Shan jin shi wen zheng. [Guangzhou]: Guangdong ren min chu ban she, 1999.

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Han Wei Liu chao mu ming zuan li. Beijing: Zhonghua shu ju, 1985.

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Wang, Zhuanghong. Liu chao mu zhi jian yao. 8th ed. Shanghai: Shanghai shu hua chu ban she, 1985.

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Chengming, Ma, ed. Liu chao mu zhi jian yao. Shanghai: Shanghai shu dian chu ban she, 2008.

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Chengming, Ma, ed. Liu chao mu zhi jian yao. Shanghai: Shanghai shu hua chu ban she, 1985.

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Chengming, Ma, ed. Liu chao mu zhi jian yao. Shanghai: Shanghai shu hua chu ban she, 1985.

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Wei, Ye, ed. Xin chu Wei Jin Nan Bei chao mu zhi shu zheng. Beijing Shi: Zhonghua shu ju, 2005.

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Wang, Lianlong. Nan Bei chao mu zhi ji cheng. Shanghai: Shanghai ren min chu ban she, 2021.

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Haixia, Li, ed. Liu chao Tang wu dai shi ke su zi yan jiu. Chengdu: Ba shu shu she chu ban she, 2004.

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Частини книг з теми "Inscriptions cham"

Nguyen, Minh-Thang, Anne-Valérie Schweyer, Thi-Lan Le, Thanh-Hai Tran, and Hai Vu. "Improving Ancient Cham Glyph Recognition from Cham Inscription Images Using Data Augmentation and Transfer Learning." In New Trends in Image Analysis and Processing – ICIAP 2019, 115–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30754-7_12.

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Nguyen, Tien-Nam, Jean-Christophe Burie, Thi-Lan Le, and Anne-Valerie Schweyer. "On the Use of Attention in Deep Learning Based Denoising Method for Ancient Cham Inscription Images." In Document Analysis and Recognition – ICDAR 2021, 400–415. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86549-8_26.

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Poceski, Mario. "Mazu’s Stele Inscription." In The Records of Mazu and the Making of Classical Chan Literature, 175–94. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190225742.003.0008.

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Poceski, Mario. "Stone Case Inscription." In The Records of Mazu and the Making of Classical Chan Literature, 195–98. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190225742.003.0009.

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Ledderose, Lothar. "Carving Sutras into Stone before the Catastrophe: The Inscription of 1118 at Cloud Dwelling Monastery near Beijing." In Proceedings of the British Academy Volume 125, 2003 Lectures. British Academy, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197263242.003.0015.

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This lecture discusses the unearthed engraved stones created by the Buddhist monks of the Cloud Dwelling Monastery. It reveals that the rubbings of the inscriptions on these stones can help in analysing the doctrinal predilections of Tongli. The slabs that were excavated even contain two short texts which were written by Tongli himself, further proving the point that he was a leading figure in the Chan Buddhist school, and had close ties to the imperial court of the Liao dynasty.

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Bouchayer, Françoise. "5. Linscription sociale de laide à autrui : à propos de la prestation de soins professionnalisée." In Normes et valeurs dans le champ de la santé, 77. Presses de lEHESP, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ehesp.cress.2004.01.0077.

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Thompson, Leonard L. "Domitian’s Reign: History and Rhetoric." In The Book of Revelation, 95–115. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195055511.003.0007.

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Abstract The separation of the seer’s language from the social order is an artificial one. John’s language—its shape, its genre, the vision it transmits—communicates a message, and that communication is a social act that takes its place in the social order. However visionary John’s writing is, it does not operate in a symbolic universe apart from the world of actual, social relations. Moreover, the social order does not exist as a given, simply to be observed with the aid of proper historical tools. The social order is a construction for a person contemporary with it. How much more so for a historian working nineteen centuries later! The historian reconstructs events, imagines social connections, and extrapolates from limited sources so as to construct a plausible order of society. There is room for alternative constructions on issues both small and great. In brief, the “social historical situation” is an imaginative construction built from a critical reading of primarily linguistic evidence—books, speeches, inscriptions, and coins. In the following chapters I offer a plausible reconstruction of Domitian’s reign (chap. 6), social organization in the province of Asia (chap. 9), and the place of Jews and Christians in that province (chaps. 7 and 8). This social order, reconstructed almost entirely from sources other than the Book of Revelation, will provide further evidence that the seer and his audience did not live in a world of conflict, tension, and crisis. Christians lived quiet lives, not much different from other provincials. The economy, as always, had its ups and downs; and the government kept the peace and demanded taxes.

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Fant, Clyde E., and Mitchell G. Reddish. "Patmos." In A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195139174.003.0019.

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Famous for being the location for the writing of the book of Revelation (the Apocalypse), the island of Patmos is a jewel in the Aegean. This small island combines the charm and beauty of a typical Greek island with the tranquility and reverence of a sacred space. Visitors today might very well wish that they, like John, could be sentenced to exile on this island so rich with tradition, faith, and wonder. The northernmost island of the Dodecanese Islands (part of the Southern Sporades chain) in the Aegean Sea, Patmos, a part of the country of Greece, is 22 miles southwest of the island of Samos and about 38 miles from ancient Miletus on the mainland of Turkey. Patmos is a small, mountainous island, about 7 miles long and 3 miles wide, with a ragged coastline. The island has two narrow isthmuses that divide it into three parts. Primarily known for its association with the author of the New Testament book of Revelation, the island today displays the charm of a typical Greek island. The three main towns or villages on the island are Hora, Skala, and Kambos. Patmos is mentioned only briefly by ancient writers (Thucydides, Strabo, Pliny the Elder, and Tacitus), and little is known of its ancient history. The island was settled by the Dorians and later by the Ionians. Ancient ruins on the island attest to the inhabitation of the island during the Hellenistic period, a time when Patmos, along with the islands of Lipsos and Leros, belonged to the territory controlled by Miletus. These islands served as “buffer” islands, guarding and protecting the city of Miletus. Inscriptions from the island provide evidence of a temple of Artemis and a gymnasium on the island. Information about Patmos during the Roman period is scarce. Christian tradition, based on Revelation 1:9, claims Patmos as the site where John was exiled at the end of the 1st century C.E. by the Roman emperor Domitian. Whereas the Roman historian Tacitus does name three other islands in the Aegean (Donusa, Gyarus, and Amorgus) as islands where the Romans exiled or banished political prisoners, Patmos is never mentioned by ancient writers as a place of punishment.

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Fant, Clyde E., and Mitchell G. Reddish. "Attalia." In A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195139174.003.0029.

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Antalya, the modern name for ancient Attalia, is a delightful city perched on the Mediterranean coast of southern Turkey. The eleventh largest city in modern Turkey, Antalya is a thriving tourist center. Although many visitors to the city use it as a base for visiting beaches along Turkey’s Mediterranean coast or archaeological sites in nearby locations, Antalya has plenty of charm and interest of its own. Attalia was a city in the region known as Pamphylia, an area bounded by the Taurus Mountains on the north and the Mediterranean Sea on the south. Situated on what is now called the Gulf of Antalya, the city served as the major port in Pamphylia during Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine times. Attalus II, who was king of Pergamum from 159 to 138 B.C.E., founded the city and named it after himself. When Attalus III (r. 138–133 B.C.E.) bequeathed the Pergamum kingdom to Rome in his will, Attalia was one of the areas excluded and thus became a free city for a while. In 77 B.C.E. Attalia was annexed by the Romans. During the 2nd century C.E. Emperor Hadrian conferred the status of colony on the city and visited Attalia in 130 C.E. The Hadrian Gate was built to commemorate this visit. Dedicated to the emperor, the triple-arched gate was made of marble and contained a dedicatory inscription in bronze letters. During the Byzantine era the city was known as Adalia and continued to serve as an important port city. Used by the Crusaders as a harbor on their way to the Holy Land, the city was conquered by the Seljuk Turks in 1207. The Seljuks left their mark upon the city by means of several buildings, some of which still decorate the city’s landscape. Around the end of the 14th century, the Ottomans gained control of the city. During this period Antalya continued to flourish and serve as an important harbor on the Mediterranean. When the Allies dismantled the Ottoman Empire at the end of World War I, Antalya was given to Italy, only to be retaken by the Turkish army in 1921.

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"CHAP. II. Mohammed Pasha. His Cruelties. The State of the Country. Start for Nimroud. An Arab Family. Story of Abraham and Nimrod. Commence Excavations. Discovery of a Chamber— of Inscriptions — of Ivory Ornaments. Return to Mosul. Conduct of the Pasha. Excavations commenced amongst various Ruins. Return to Nimroud. Further Discoveries. Selamiyah. Discovery of Sculptures. Description of Bas-reliefs. Interrupted by the Paslia. Further Discovery of Sculptures. Deposition of the Pasha. Departure for Baghdad." In Nineveh and Its Remains, 19–52. Piscataway, NJ, USA: Gorgias Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463209902-006.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Inscriptions cham"

Nguyen, Minh-Thang, Anne-Valerie Shweyer, Thi-Lan Le, Thanh-Hai Tran, and Hai Vu. "Preliminary Results on Ancient Cham Glyph Recognition from Cham Inscription images." In 2019 International Conference on Multimedia Analysis and Pattern Recognition (MAPR). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mapr.2019.8743540.

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Hock, Hans Henrich. "Foreigners, Brahmins, Poets, or What? The Sociolinguistics of the Sanskrit “Renaissance”." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.2-3.

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A puzzle in the sociolinguistic history of Sanskrit is that texts with authenticated dates first appear in the 2nd century CE, after five centuries of exclusively Prakrit inscriptions. Various hypotheses have tried to account for this fact. Senart (1886) proposed that Sanskrit gained wider currency through Buddhists and Jains. Franke (1902) claimed that Sanskrit died out in India and was artificially reintroduced. Lévi (1902) argued for usurpation of Sanskrit by the Kshatrapas, foreign rulers who employed brahmins in administrative positions. Pisani (1955) instead viewed the “Sanskrit Renaissance” as the brahmins’ attempt to combat these foreign invaders. Ostler (2005) attributed the victory of Sanskrit to its ‘cultivated, self-conscious charm’; his acknowledgment of prior Sanskrit use by brahmins and kshatriyas suggests that he did not consider the victory a sudden event. The hypothesis that the early-CE public appearance of Sanskrit was a sudden event is revived by Pollock (1996, 2006). He argues that Sanskrit was originally confined to ‘sacerdotal’ contexts; that it never was a natural spoken language, as shown by its inability to communicate childhood experiences; and that ‘the epigraphic record (thin though admittedly it is) suggests … that [tribal chiefs] help[ed] create’ a new political civilization, the “Sanskrit Cosmopolis”, ‘by employing Sanskrit in a hitherto unprecedented way’. Crucial in his argument is the claim that kāvya literature was a foundational characteristic of this new civilization and that kāvya has no significant antecedents. I show that Pollock’s arguments are problematic. He ignores evidence for a continuous non-sacerdotal use of Sanskrit, as in the epics and fables. The employment of nursery words like tāta ‘daddy’/tata ‘sonny’ (also used as general terms of endearment), or ambā/ambikā ‘mommy; mother’ attest to Sanskrit’s ability to communicate childhood experiences. Kāvya, the foundation of Pollock’s “Sanskrit Cosmopolis”, has antecedents in earlier Sanskrit (and Pali). Most important, Pollock fails to show how his powerful political-poetic kāvya tradition could have arisen ex nihilo. To produce their poetry, the poets would have had to draw on a living, spoken language with all its different uses, and that language must have been current in a larger linguistic community beyond the poets, whether that community was restricted to brahmins (as commonly assumed) or also included kshatriyas (as suggested by Ostler). I conclude by considering implications for the “Sanskritization” of Southeast Asia and the possible parallel of modern “Indian English” literature.

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