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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Injection of fuels"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Injection of fuels"

1

Mata, Carmen, Jakub Piaszyk, José Antonio Soriano, José Martín Herreros, Athanasios Tsolakis, and Karl Dearn. "Impact of Alternative Paraffinic Fuels on the Durability of a Modern Common Rail Injection System." Energies 13, no. 16 (August 12, 2020): 4166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13164166.

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Анотація:
Common rail (CR) diesel fuel injection systems are very sensitive to variations in fuel properties, thus the impact of alternative fuels on the durability of the injection system should be investigated when considering the use of alternative fuels. This work studies a high-pressure CR (HPCR) diesel fuel injection system operating for 400 h in an injection test bench, using a fuel blend composed of an alternative paraffinic fuel and conventional diesel (50PF50D). The alternative fuel does not have aromatic components and has lower density than conventional diesel fuel. The injection system durability study was carried out under typical injection pressure and fuel temperature for the fuel pump, the common rail and the injector. The results show that the HPCR fuel injection system and its components (e.g., piston, spring, cylinder, driveshaft and cam) have no indication of damage, wear or change in surface roughness. The absence of internal wear to the components of the injection system is supported by the approximately constant total flow rate that reaches the injector during the whole the 400 h of the experiment. However, the size of the injector nozzle holes was decreased (approximately 12%), being consistent with the increase in the return fuel flow of the injector and rail (approximately 13%) after the completion of the study. Overall, the injection system maintained its operability during the whole duration of the durability study, which encourages the use of paraffinic fuels as an alternative to conventional diesel fuel.
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2

Basavarajappa, D. N., N. R. Banapurmath, S. V. Khandal, and G. Manavendra. "Performance evaluation of common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine fuelled with Uppage Oil Methyl Ester (UOME)." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 4, no. 1 (February 15, 2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.4.1.1-10.

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Анотація:
For economic and social development of any country energy is one of the most essential requirements. Continuously increasing price of crude petroleum fuels in the present days coupled with alarming emissions and stringent emission regulations has led to growing attention towards use of alternative fuels like vegetable oils, alcoholic and gaseous fuels for diesel engine applications. Use of such fuels can ease the burden on the economy by curtailing the fuel imports. Diesel engines are highly efficient and the main problems associated with them is their high smoke and NOx emissions. Hence there is an urgent need to promote the use of alternative fuels in place of high speed diesel (HSD) as substitute. India has a large agriculture base that can be used as a feed stock to obtain newer fuel which is renewable and sustainable. Accordingly Uppage oil methyl ester (UOME) biodiesel was selected as an alternative fuel. Use of biodiesels in diesel engines fitted with mechanical fuel injection systems has limitation on the injector opening pressure (300 bar). CRDI system can overcome this drawback by injecting fuel at very high pressures (1500-2500 bar) and is most suitable for biodiesel fuels which are high viscous. This paper presents the performance and emission characteristics of a CRDI diesel engine fuelled with UOME biodiesel at different injection timings and injection pressures. From the experimental evidence it was revealed that UOME biodiesel yielded overall better performance with reduced emissions at retarded injection timing of -10° BTDC in CRDI mode of engine operation.
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3

SIDOROWICZ, Maciej, and Ireneusz PIELECHA. "Inflammability evaluation of hydrocarbon fuels mixtures formed directly in the combustion chamber." Combustion Engines 170, no. 3 (August 1, 2017): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2017-309.

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Анотація:
The proposed article involves an investigation of the processes taking place during the preparation of mixed fuels that are combined directly before combustion. The fuel dose formed in this way must take into account the qualitative and quantitative composition of the fuels and the amount of air in the process. Given that liquid fuels similar to gasoline (e.g. methanol, ethanol, butanol) are characterized by different properties, their comparison would be useful in order to use their ratio to influence the combustion process. The process of fuel preparation plays a decisive role in this issue. The article describes abilities of modelling the injection of various fuels simultaneously to the combustion chamber for creating fuel mixture directly before ignition. First part of the article consists of analysis of light hydrocarbon fuels mixing abilities, supported with present research data. Next part describes the evaluation of execution of the assumed system – two fuel injectors with analysis of spray penetration. The modelling of the injection and spray was performed in the AVL FIRE 2014.2 environment and the results were presented. The injection possibility was proven by injecting the fuel to the combustion chamber model. Local values of air-fuel ratio, density and ambient pressure were presented to better understand the potential in mixing fuels directly before ignition. The conclusion includes description of fuel mixing abilities, influence of various fuels on creation of a stratified mixture and definition of controllability of charge ignition.
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4

Henein, N. A., B. Jawad, and E. Gulari. "Effects of Physical Properties of Fuels on Diesel Injection." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 112, no. 3 (July 1, 1990): 308–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906496.

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Анотація:
The physical properties of the fuel, such as density, viscosity, surface tension, and bulk modulus of elasticity, affect many aspects of the diesel injection process. The effects of these fuel properties on the fuel pressure in the high-pressure line, rate of injection, leakage, spray penetration, and droplet size distribution were determined experimentally. The mechanism of spray development was investigated by injecting the fuel into a high-pressure chamber. A pulsed Malvern drop-size analyzer, based on Fraunhofer diffraction, was utilized to determine droplet size ranges for various fuels.
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5

Teja, K. M. V. Ravi, P. Issac Prasad, K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy, Nagaraj R. Banapurmath, Muhammad A. Kalam, and C. Ahamed Saleel. "Effect of Injection Parameters on the Performance of Compression Ignition Engine Powered with Jamun Seed and Cashew Nutshell B20 Biodiesel Blends." Sustainability 14, no. 8 (April 13, 2022): 4642. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14084642.

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Анотація:
Renewable fuels are alternative resources that find use in the power generation, agricultural, and transportation sectors. The sustainable utility of these renewable fuels mostly addresses the socio-economic issues of a country and reduces its dependency on fossil fuels. In addition, being environmentally friendly allows them to handle global warming more effectively. Two B20 fuel blends were produced using methyl esters of cashew nutshell and jamun seed oils to test the performance of the common rail direct injection engine. To improve the engine performance, injection parameters such as nozzle geometry, injection time, and injector opening pressure are used. Improved brake thermal efficiency and lower emissions of smoke, hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) were achieved with the help of advancing the injection timing, raising the injector opening pressure, and increasing the number of injector nozzle holes. In addition to reducing the ignition delay, extending the combustion duration, and increasing the peak pressure, the revised injection settings also boosted the heat release rates. At the maximum load, compared to CHNOB B20, JAMNSOB B20 showed a significant rise in the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 4.94% and a considerable decrease in smoke emissions (0.8%) with an increase in NOx (1.45%), by varying the injection timing, injection pressure, and nozzle geometry of the common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine.
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6

RYBAK, Arkadiusz, Jacek HUNICZ, Paweł KRZACZEK, Wojciech GOLIMOWSKI, and Damian MARCINKOWSKI. "Effect of different biofuels on common rail injector flow rate." Combustion Engines 171, no. 4 (November 1, 2017): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2017-407.

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Анотація:
In this study dynamic flow rates of a common rail injector using diesel fuel and different biofuels were determined. As biofuels, fatty acid methyl esters originating from canola, poultry, cattle and used cooking oil were tested. The tested fuels exhibited different physical properties e.g. density and viscosity. Measurements of the injector delivery rates were performed on a test stand designed for determination of injectors and injection pumps characteristics. Each fuel was tested at temperatures between 30 and 60°C, under injection pressure in the range of 30–180 MPa and injection time in the range of 200–1600 microseconds. The results showed differences in injector flow rates depending on used fuel, however different fuel properties affected amount of fuel injected especially at short injection durations.
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7

Candan, Feyyaz, Murat Ciniviz, and Ilker Ors. "Effect of cetane improver addition into diesel fuel: Methanol mixtures on performance and emissions at different injection pressures." Thermal Science 21, no. 1 Part B (2017): 555–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci160430265c.

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Анотація:
In this study, methanol in ratios of 5-10-15% were incorporated into diesel fuel with the aim of reducing harmful exhaust gasses of Diesel engine, di-tertbutyl peroxide as cetane improver in a ratio of 1% was added into mixture fuels in order to reduce negative effects of methanol on engine performance parameters, and isobutanol of a ratio of 1% was used as additive for preventing phase separation of all mixtures. As results of experiments conducted on a single cylinder and direct injection Diesel engine, methanol caused the increase of NOx emission while reducing CO, HC, CO2, and smoke opacity emissions. It also reduced torque and power values, and increased brake specific fuel consumption values. Cetane improver increased torque and power values slightly compared to methanol-mixed fuels, and reduced brake specific fuel consumption values. It also affected exhaust emission values positively, excluding smoke opacity. Increase of injector injection pressure affected performances of methanol-mixed fuels positively. It also increased injection pressure and NOx emissions, while reducing other exhaust emissions.
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8

Filipovic, Ivan, Boran Pikula, and Goran Kepnik. "Impact of physical properties of mixture of diesel and biodiesel fuels on hydrodynamic characteristics of fuel injection system." Thermal Science 18, no. 1 (2014): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci130513010f.

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Анотація:
One of the alternative fuels, originating from renewable sources, is biodiesel fuel, which is introduced in diesel engines without major construction modifications on the engine. Biodiesel fuel, by its physical and chemical properties, is different from diesel fuel. Therefore, it is expected that by the application of a biodiesel fuel, the characteristic parameters of the injection system will change. These parameters have a direct impact on the process of fuel dispersion into the engine cylinder, and mixing with the air, which results in an impact on the quality of the combustion process. Method of preparation of the air-fuel mixture and the quality of the combustion process directly affect the efficiency of the engine and the level of pollutant emissions in the exhaust gas, which today is the most important criterion for assessing the quality of the engine. The paper presents a detailed analysis of the influence of physical properties of a mixture of diesel and biodiesel fuels on the output characteristics of the fuel injection system. The following parameters are shown: injection pressure, injection rate, the beginning and duration of injection, transformation of potential into kinetic energy of fuel and increase of energy losses in fuel injection system of various mixtures of diesel and biodiesel fuels. For the analysis of the results a self-developed computer program was used to simulate the injection process in the system. Computational results are verified using the experiment, for a few mixtures of diesel and biodiesel fuels. This paper presents the verification results for diesel fuel and biodiesel fuel in particular.
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9

Niculae, Andrei Laurentiu, Radu Chiriac, and Alexandru Racovitza. "The effect of using different Biodiesel fuels on jet development in a Diesel engine." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 960, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/960/1/012011.

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Анотація:
Abstract The fuel properties and the injection rate-shape play an important role in the improvement of the combustion process of Diesel engines. In this work, the influences of using the forthcoming renewable biodiesel fuels on fuel jet development utilizing a computer simulation model created with the AVL Hydsim software were studied. Biodiesel fuels B20, B30 and B100 were considered and compared with the original pure Diesel fuel D100. The injection system behaviour under research was that one existing on a tractor engine equipped with Delphi DP200 pump and Delphi injectors. Two engine speeds of 1400 rpm and 2400 rpm were considered representative for the engine operation. For these speeds, the fuel jet characteristics as penetration, spray cone angle and Sauter mean diameter were analyzed. It can emphasize that in similar conditions of needle lift and injection rate-shape variation the usage of biodiesel fuels does not significantly alter the injection pressure and the Sauter mean diameter. However, the specific physical properties of biodiesel fuels affect substantially the spray penetration and its cone angle.
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10

Gao, Tongyang, Shui Yu, Tie Li, and Ming Zheng. "Impacts of multiple pilot diesel injections on the premixed combustion of ethanol fuel." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 232, no. 6 (July 3, 2017): 738–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407017706858.

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Анотація:
Engine experiments were carried out to study the impact of multiple pilot injections of a diesel fuel on dual-fuel combustion with a premixed ethanol fuel, using compression ignition. Because of the contrasting volatility and the reactivity characteristics of the two fuels, the appropropriate scheduling of pilot diesel injections in a high-pressure direct-injection process is found to be effective for improving the clean and efficient combustion of ethanol which is premixed with air using a low-pressure port injection. The timing and duration of each of the multiple pilot injections were investigated, in conjunction with the use of exhaust gas recirculation and intake air boosting to accommodate the variations in the engine load. For correct fuel and air management, an early pilot injection of fuel acted effectively as the reactivity improver to the background ethanol, whereas a late pilot injection acted deterministically to initiate combustion. The experimental results further revealed a set of pilot injection strategies which resulted in an increased ethanol ratio, thereby reducing the emission reductions while retaining a moderate pressure rise rate during combustion.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Injection of fuels"

1

Gavaises, Manolis. "Modelling of diesel fuel injection processes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8681.

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2

Meeboon, Non. "Design and Development of a Porous Injector for Gaseous Fuels Injection in Gas Turbine Combustor." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1427813298.

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3

Negrete, Justin E. "Effects of different fuels on a turbocharged, direct injection, spark ignition engine." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59952.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 65).
The following pages describe the experimentation and analysis of two different fuels in GM's high compression ratio, turbocharged direct injection (TDI) engine. The focus is on a burn rate analysis for the fuels - gasoline and E85 - at varying intake air temperatures. The results are aimed at aiding in a subsequent study that will look at the benefits of direct injection in turbocharged engines, ethanol's knock suppression properties, and the effects of ethanol concentration in gasoline/ethanol blends. Spark sweeps were performed for each fuel/temperature combination to find the knock limit and to assess each fuels' sensitivity to spark timing and temperature. The findings were that E85 has lower sensitivity to spark timing in terms of NIMEP loss for deviation from MBT timing. A 5% loss in NIMEP was seen at 3° of spark advance or retard for gasoline, whereas E85 took 5' to realize the same drop in NIMEP. Gasoline was also much more sensitive to intake air temperature changes than E85. Increasing the intake air temperature for gasoline decreased the peak pressure, however, knock onset began earlier for the higher temperatures, indicating that end-gas autoignition is more dependent on temperature than pressure. E85's peak pressure sensitivity to spark timing was found to be about 50% lower than that of gasoline and it displayed much higher knock resistance, not knocking until the intake air temperature was 130°C with spark timing of 30° bTDC. These results give some insight into the effectiveness of ethanol to improve gasoline's anti-knock index. Future experiments will aim to quantify charge cooling and anti-knock properties, and determine how ethanol concentration in gasoline/ethanol blends effects this knock suppression ability.
by Justin E. Negrete.
S.B.
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4

Park, Talus. "Dual fuel conversion of a direct injection diesel engine." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=460.

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Анотація:
Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1999.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 96 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-62).
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5

Fletcher, Philip James. "Determination of additives in fuels using automated flow injection analysis with chemiluminescence detection." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2068.

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Анотація:
The overall objective of this thesis was to develop field deployable instrumentation for the selective, sensitive determination of additives in diesel fuels using flow injection with chemiluminescence detection. The target analytes were the detergent dodecylamine and the lubricity additive P655. Chapter One describes the types of additives that are used in fully formulated diesel fuels in order to improve performance and outlines the need for robust analytical methods to be able to detect their presence / absences in fuels at the point of distribution, i.e. at the petrol pump. Flow injection (FI), and chemiluminescence (CL) are described as suitable techniques for sample preparation and detection respectively. The application of FI-CL for the quantitative determination of various analytes is reviewed, with the focus on real sample matrices. Finally the technique of solid phase extraction is discussed as a means of selective analyte preconcentration / matrix removal prior to FI-CL detection Chapter Two describes the development and optimisation (both univariate and simplex) of an FI-CL method for the determination of dodecylamine in acetonitrile / water mixtures using the catalytic effect of amines on the peroxyoxalate / sulphorhodamine 101 CL reaction. The linear range for dodecylamine was 0 - 50 mg Lˉ¹ with a detection limit of 190 µg Lˉ¹ and RSDs typically < 4 %. The effect of indigenous diesel compounds on the CL response is also investigated. Chapter Three investigates the applicability of the method developed in Chapter Two to determine dodecylamine in diesel fuels. Solid phase extraction was needed prior to analysis by FI-CL. The development of a solid phase extraction that is compatible with the FI-CL system is detailed. GC-NPD and GC-MS analysis are used in order to validate the solid phase extraction procedure. A range of diesel fuels have been spiked with an additive package containing dodecylamine and have been analysed off-line using FI-CL. Recoveries for all diesel fuels analysed were < 72 % and all fuels could by identified from the corresponding base fuel. Chapter Four describes the design and construction of a fully automated on-line solid phase extraction flow injection chemiluminescence analyser for the determination of dodecylamine in diesel fuel. Details of the automation and programming using LabVIEW are described. Results obtained using the automated on-line system are compared with results obtained using off-line SPE with FI-CL detection from Chapter Three. Recoveries for all fuels except SNV were < 71 %, and all fuels except SNV could be positively identified from the corresponding base fuels. No significant differences were found between the on-line and off-line results (within 95 % confidence limits). Chapter Five investigates the feasibility of determining the lubricity additive P655 in diesel fuel using FI-CL. The optimisation and development of a method using the competing reactions of periodate with alcohols and periodate with the CL oxidation reaction with pyrogallol is discussed, and the development of a solid phase extraction procedure for the extraction of P655 from an organic matrix is described. The limit of detection for P655 using SPE without preconcentration was 860 mg Lˉ¹ and was linear in the range 0 - 10000 mg Lˉ¹ (R² = 0.9965).
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6

Hergueta, Santos-Olmo Cruz. "Modern fuels and catalytic technologies for low emissions in gasoline direct injection engines." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8432/.

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Анотація:
The requirements for controlling Particulate Matter (PM) and gaseous emissions emitted from gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines, especially under cold start conditions, and the introduction of bio-alcohols fuels in the market demands the development of novel efficient aftertreatment technologies. Understanding the PM characteristics from the combustion of different fuels it is a key step in the design of next generation of catalysts and aftertreatment systems, including three-way catalyst (TWC) and catalyst coated or not gasoline particulate filters (GPFs). The research study presented in this thesis provides a detailed understanding of the synergies between bio-alcohols derived fuels combustion in GDI engines and novel aftertreatment technologies on the control of PM and gaseous emissions. The effect of the physico-chemical properties of bio-alcohol fuel blends on combustion and emissions at warm steady-state and cold start engine conditions has been investigated. Bio-butanol fuel blend has been further explored at different engine loads in combination with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) technology. An extensive characterization of the PM emissions has been carried out using several methodologies and techniques such as high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and Raman spectroscopy. The combustion of bio-alcohols resulted in a significant reduction of 60% - 80% of PM emissions with the modification in their structural characteristics, leading to agglomerates with smaller primary particles (≈1-3 nm) and fractal dimensions and, soot with higher tortuosity (≈3.1 %) as TEM revealed. Under cold start event, bioalcohols emitted more reactive and less mature soot (i.e. higher organic content and impurities) as found from TGA and Raman analysis compared to soot emitted from gasoline fuel combustion. The TWC activity was improved between 4.3% and 1.5% in the exhaust stream from the bio-alcohols combustion. The aftertreatment architectures, including either coated GPFs or not and arrangement in the exhaust (i.e. upstream or downstream of the TWC) has shown a significantly impact on the TWC activity, reducing light-off temperatures up to 20°C. Catalytic GPF showed high performance to efficiently filter PM and removed gaseous emissions from GDI combustion with acceptable pressure drop.
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7

White, Timothy Ross Mechanical &amp Manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Simultaneous diesel and natural gas injection for dual-fuelling compression-ignition engines." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25233.

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Анотація:
The introduction of alternative fuels such as natural gas is likely to occur at an increasing rate. The dual-fuel concept allows these low cetane number fuels to be used in compression-ignition (CI, diesel) type engines. Most CI engine conversions have pre-mixed the alternative fuel with air in the intake manifold while retaining diesel injection into the cylinder for ignition. The advantage is that it is simple for practical adaptation; the disadvantage is that good substitution levels are only obtained at midload. A better solution is to inject both the alternative and diesel fuels directly into the cylinder. Here, the fuel in the end-zone is limited and the diesel, injected before the alternative, has only a conventional ignition delay. This improves the high-end performance. Modern, very high pressure diesel injectors have good turndown characteristics as well as better controllability. This improves low-end performance and hence offers an ideal platform for a dual-fuel system. Several systems already exist, mainly for large marine engines but also a few for smaller, truck-sized engines. For the latter, the key is to produce a combined injector to handle both fuels which has the smallest diameter possible so that installation is readily achieved. There exists the potential for much improvement. A combined gas/diesel injection system based on small, high pressure common-rail injectors has been tested for fluid characteristics. Spray properties have been examined experimentally in a test rig and modelled using CFD. The CFD package Fluent was used to model the direct-injection of natural gas and diesel oil simultaneously into an engine. These models were initially calibrated using high-speed photographic visualisation of the jets. Both shadowgraph and schlieren techniques were employed to identify the gas jet itself as well as mixing regions within the flow. Different orientations and staging of the jets with respect to each other were simulated. Salient features of the two fuel jets were studied to optimise the design of a dual-fuel injector for CI engines. Analysis of the fuel-air mixture strength during the injection allowed the ignition delay to be estimated and thus the best staging of the jets to be determined.
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8

Alves, Francisco José. "Produção e fornecimento de vapor de etanol para motor de combustão interna operando com combustível pré-vaporizado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18147/tde-09022008-164934/.

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O motor a álcool pré-vaporizado tem potencial para ser uma alternativa mais eficiente e menos poluente aos motores a álcool convencionais. Nele, o combustível é vaporizado com calor rejeitado pelo próprio motor e admitido na fase gasosa, aproveitando-se das vantagens dos motores com combustíveis nessa fase sem alguns dos seus inconvenientes. O projeto foi aperfeiçoado buscando viabilidade técnica e econômica para sua instalação em veículos automotores. Água do sistema de arrefecimento cede calor para a ebulição do combustível. As novas tecnologias para injeção de combustíveis gasosos contribuem para esse objetivo, bem como o desenvolvimento de um sistema sustentável e auto-ajustável de geração de vapor de etanol que usa a água do sistema de arrefecimento. Conseguiu-se maior eficiência em quase todos os regimes de funcionamento estudados, bem como meios de reduzir as principais emissões automotivas indesejáveis.
Pre-vaporized ethanol engine (PVEE) has potential to be more efficient and less pollutant than conventional ethanol-powered engines. In it, fuel is vaporized with heat rejected by engine itself and intook in gaseous form, taking advantage of this kind of fuel but without some of its inconveniences. The PVEE project was polished looking for economical and technical liability to future use in automotive vehicles. New gaseous fuel injection technologies contribute to this goal, together the development of a sustainable and self-adjustable ethanol vapor generating system who uses water from engine\'s cooling systems. Better efficiency was achieved in almost all investigated regimes, as well as were found ways to reduce the main undesirable automotive emissions.
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9

Ibrahim, Mahmoud I. Ph D. "Design and Development of a Novel Injector (Micro-Mixer) with Porous Injection Technology (PIT) for Land-Based Gas Turbine Combustors." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1522419312986562.

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10

Liu, Quan. "Planar laser induced fluorescence imaging and analysis with ethanol blended fuels in a direct injection spark ignition engine." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/14786.

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The currently reported thesis was concerned with visualisation of the charge homogeneity and cyclic variations within the planar fuel field near the spark plug in an optical spark ignition engine fitted with an outwardly opening central direct fuel injector. Specifically, the project examined the effects of fuel type and injection settings, with the overall view to understanding some of the key mechanisms previously identified as leading to particulate formation in such engines. The three fuels studied included a baseline iso-octane, which was directly compared to two gasoline fuels containing 10% (E10) and 85% (E85) volume of ethanol respectively. The engine was a bespoke single cylinder with Bowditch style optical access through a flat piston crown. Charge stratification was studied over a wide spectrum of injection timings using the Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) technique, with additional variation in charge temperature due to injection also estimated when viable using a two-line PLIF approach. Overall, both gasoline-ethanol fuels generally exhibited a higher degree of stratification, albeit at least partly alleviated with elevated rail pressures. Under both warm and cold liner conditions the E10 fuel showed clear evidence of fuel droplets persisting up until ignition. Interestingly, with late injection timing the repeatability of the injection was superior (statistically) with higher ethanol content in the fuel, which may have been associated with the higher charge temperatures aiding control of the evaporation of the main mass of alcohol. The findings were corroborated by undertaking a comprehensive study of the influence of varying fuel type and injection settings on thermodynamic performance and engine-out emissions during firing operation, with additional gas exchange effects also influencing the optimum fuel injection timings.
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Книги з теми "Injection of fuels"

1

Nitrous oxide performance handbook. Minneapolis: MBI Pub. Co. and Motorbooks, 2009.

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2

Tickell, Joshua. From the fryer to the fuel tank: How to make cheap, clean fuel from free vegetable oil. Sarasota, Fl: GreenTeach Publishing, 1998.

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3

Tickell, Joshua. From the fryer to the fuel tank: The complete guide to using vegetable oil as an alternative fuel. 3rd ed. New Orleans, LA: Joshua Tickell Media Productions, 2003.

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4

Kaia, Tickell, ed. From the fryer to the fuel tank: The complete guide to using vegetable oil as an alternative fuel. 2nd ed. Sarasota, FL: Green Teach Pub., 1999.

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5

Autodata. Fuel injection. Maidenhead: Autodata, 1993.

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6

Bosch fuel injection systems. New York, N.Y: HP Books, 2001.

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7

Motorcycle fuel injection handbook. St. Paul, MN: Motorbooks International, 2004.

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8

Automotive fuel injection systems. Sparkford: Haynes, 1988.

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9

Bowler, D. Diesel fuel injection and control. Milton Keynes: Delta Press, 1987.

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10

Pfeil, Don. The Haynes fuel injection manual. Sparkford, Nr Yeovil, Somerset, England: Haynes Pub. Group, 1986.

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Частини книг з теми "Injection of fuels"

1

Tripathi, Gaurav, Sarthak Nag, Atul Dhar, and Dhiraj V. Patil. "Fuel Injection Equipment (FIE) Design for the New-Generation Alternative Fuel-Powered Diesel Engines." In Prospects of Alternative Transportation Fuels, 387–405. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7518-6_16.

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2

Xu, Run-sheng, Jian-liang Zhang, Teng-fei Song, Hai-yang Wang, and Di Zhao. "The Research on Process Characteristics of Different Fuels for Blast Furnace Injection." In 6th International Symposium on High-Temperature Metallurgical Processing, 357–64. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119093381.ch45.

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3

Xu, Run-sheng, Jian-liang Zhang, Teng-fei Song, Hai-yang Wang, and Di Zhao. "The Research on Process Characteristics of Different Fuels for Blast Furnace Injection." In 6th International Symposium on High-Temperature Metallurgical Processing, 357–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48217-0_45.

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4

Stengel, Benjamin, Ibrahim Najar, Fabian Pinkert, Egon Hassel, and Bert Buchholz. "Potential and challenges of multiple injection strategies for maritime fuels in large engines." In Proceedings, 137–50. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-31371-5_11.

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5

Stengel, Benjamin, Fabian Pinkert, Erwin Swiderski, Martin Reißig, and Bert Buchholz. "Impacts of E-Fuels on Injection, Combustion and Emissions in a Large Diesel Engine." In Proceedings, 241–56. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-34362-0_14.

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6

AlRamadan, Abdullah S., and Gustav Nyrenstedt. "Injection Strategies and Auto-Ignition Features of Gasoline and Diesel Type Fuels for Advanced CI Engine." In Gasoline Compression Ignition Technology, 217–43. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8735-8_8.

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7

Desantes, J. M., J. Benajes, J. Arrègle, and A. Delage. "Effect of the Properties of Several Fuels on the Injection and Combustion Process in HSDI Diesel Engines." In Thermo- and Fluid-dynamic Processes in Diesel Engines, 81–105. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04925-9_5.

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8

Egler, Walter, Rolf Jürgen Giersch, Friedrich Boecking, Jürgen Hammer, Jaroslav Hlousek, Patrick Mattes, Ulrich Projahn, Winfried Urner, and Björn Janetzky. "Fuel Injection Systems." In Handbook of Diesel Engines, 127–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89083-6_5.

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9

Ripoll, Patrick, Denis Caillet, Eric Benoit, and Laurent Foulloy. "Fuel Injection Engine Diagnosis." In Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications 99, 289–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03838-3_26.

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10

Hilgers, Michael, and Wilfried Achenbach. "The Fuel System and Fuel Injection." In The Diesel Engine, 25–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60857-9_5.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Injection of fuels"

1

Coelho, Eugênio P. D., Cláudio Wilson Moles, Marco A. C. dos Santos, Matthew Barwick, and Paulo M. Chiarelli. "Fuel Injection Components Developed for Brazilian Fuels." In SAE Brasil 96 V International Mobility Technology Conference and Exhibit. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/962350.

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2

Tullis, Simon, Godfrey Greeves, David Draper, Nebojsa Milovanovic, and Stefan Zuelch. "Advanced hybrid electronic unit injector with accumulator for enhanced multiple injection and ultra high injection pressure capability." In JSAE/SAE International Fuels & Lubricants Meeting. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2007-01-1895.

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3

Hetrick, Robert E., and Michael H. Parsons. "Electrospray for Fuel Injection." In International Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/972987.

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4

Sagawa, Takumaru, Hiroya Fujimoto, and Kiyotaka Nakamura. "Study of Fuel Dilution in Direct-Injection and Multipoint Injection Gasoline Engines." In Spring Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-1647.

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5

Tilli, Aki, Ossi Kaario, Matteo Imperato, and Martti Larmi. "Fuel Injection System Simulation with Renewable Diesel Fuels." In 9th International Conference on Engines and Vehicles. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2009-24-0105.

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6

Jang, Changsoo, Sangmin Choi, Choongsik Bae, Jooyoung Kim, and Seungkook Baik. "Performance of Prototype High Pressure Swirl Injector Nozzles for Gasoline Direct Injection." In International Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-3654.

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7

Wakisaka, Yoshifumi, and Akihiko Azetsu. "Effect of Fuel Injection Rate Shaping and Injection Pressure on Intermittent Spray Combustion." In International Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-2793.

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8

Berger, Sven, Tim Wegmann, Matthias Meinke, and Wolfgang Schröder. "Large-Eddy Simulation Study of Biofuel Injection in an Optical Direct Injection Engine." In SAE Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants Meeting. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2020-01-2121.

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9

Jawad, Badih A., and Thomas V. Kuzak. "Motorcycle Electronic Fuel Injection Retrofit." In International Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-2914.

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10

Virk, Kashmir, Sheldon Herbstman, and Michael Rawdon. "Development of Direct Injection Diesel Engine Injector Keep Clean and Clean up Tests." In International Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/912329.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Injection of fuels"

1

Derek L. Aldred and Timothy Saunders. Achieve Continuous Injection of Solid Fuels into Advanced Combustion System Pressures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/909121.

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2

Derek L. Aldred and Timothy Saunders. Achieve Continuous Injection of Solid Fuels into Advanced Combustion System Pressures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/926643.

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3

Papamoschou, D., W. A. Sirignano, and G. S. Samuelsen. Transverse Injection of Liquid and Gaseous Fuels into Subsonic/Supersonic Flow. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada259771.

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4

Derek L. Aldred and Timothy Saunders. Achieve Continuous Injection of Solid Fuels into Advanced Combustion System Pressures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/881709.

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5

Sirignano, William A., and Dorrin Jarrahbashi. Transient High-Pressure Fuel Injection Processes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada581153.

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6

Nilsen, Christopher William, and Charles J. Mueller. Ducted fuel injection for compression-ignition engines. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1171565.

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7

Lacey, Paul I., and Sidney J. Lestz. Fuel Lubricity Requirements for Diesel Injection Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada235972.

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8

Blau, Peter Julian, Amit Shyam, Camden R. Hubbard, Jane Y. Howe, Rosa M. Trejo, Nan Yang, and Michael J. Pollard. Materials for High-Pressure Fuel Injection Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1028170.

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9

Blau, P., A. Shyam, C. Hubbard, J. Howe, R. Trejo, N. Yang, and M. Pollard. Materials for High-Pressure Fuel Injection Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1027862.

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10

Elana M. Chapman, Andre Boehman, Kimberly Wain, Wallis Lloyd, Joseph M. Perez, Donald Stiver, and Joseph Conway. IMPACT OF DME-DIESEL FUEL BLEND PROPERTIES ON DIESEL FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/828878.

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