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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Indonesian commerce"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 21 лютого 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Indonesian commerce"

Setiawan, Sigit. "E-commerce Taxation and Fiscal Policy Perspective: The Case of Indonesia." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478) 7, no. 3 (November 20, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v7i3.900.

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Анотація:

The Indonesian government is now seriously exploring in depth the proposed tax imposition for e-commerce. In this context, this paper will discuss the following issues: the first, if Indonesian government should impose the tax on e-commerce; the second, how much the potential tax revenue from e-commerce is; and the third, how Indonesian fiscal policy perspective views e-commerce taxation. The study in this paper adopts a descriptive analytical research method. The study concludes several points. Indonesia should tax its e-commerce. The total potential tax revenue on e-commerce from VAT and income tax in 2018 ranges from almost Rp11.75 trillion to Rp16.64 trillion, with VAT dominates the contribution up to more than 90% of the total tax revenue. By not levying the tax in the year means Indonesian government will lose a partial or the most of tax revenue. The revenue loss is potentially getting bigger in the coming years if the government still fails to collect the tax. E-commerce taxation should not be strictly enforced in the beginning, yet more is emphasized on socialization and education actions. It is also intended to help the online platform to be compliant. Tax policy in e-commerce can be used for the purpose of regulating the economy, such as to control excessive online import purchasing.

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Simanjuntak, Peronika. "Indonesia’s policy on e-commerce regulation and its challenges." Bulletin of Social Informatics Theory and Application 3, no. 2 (December 3, 2019): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31763/businta.v3i2.176.

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Анотація:

Globalization has a significant influence on many aspects, such as social and economic, and its effect cannot be separated from technological developments that change human behavior in conducting economic activities. Those change including the emergence of trade that uses online-based transactions or ecommerce. E-commerce considered to have a significant influence on the country’s economic growth and predicted to flourish over the years. Aware of its enormous potential and growth in Southeast Asia, countries in this region began to regulate e-commerce, and one of them is Indonesia. The authors find that in the past few years, Indonesia has been more active in making and changing its policies to regulate online-based trading, while at the same time trying to protect its domestic small-medium enterprises (SMEs). Nowadays, Indonesia's ecommerce market is relatively minor compared to its neighbors. However, believed that the growth of the middle class, the improvement of internet users, and the intensive improvements in Indonesia’s logistics and infrastructure that conducted in recent years, will have a significant effect on the Indonesian ecommerce market. In this paper, the authors will explain the policy of Indonesia in regulating e-commerce and its challenges. The discussion in this paper will be divided into three sections. The first part is the conceptual foundation. The second part is about the development of e-commerce in Indonesia. The third part is the Indonesian government's policy in managing e-commerce and its challenges

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Triandini, Evi, Arif Djunaidy, and Daniel Siahaan. "A Maturity Model for E-Commerce Adoption By Small And Medium Enterprises In Indonesia." Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations 15, no. 1 (January 2017): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jeco.2017010103.

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Анотація:

E-commerce provides several advantages for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). E-commerce adoption by Indonesian SMEs is still very low. This study conducts a research to establish a maturity model of e-commerce adoption by Indonesia SMEs. It was carried out in two phases from 2014 until 2015. The result of the first phase recommends four levels of maturity model and 13 e-commerce benefits, 51 functionalities, and 9 non-functionalities that an e-commerce solution must have. The result of the second phase presents a maturity model of e-commerce adoption for SMEs in Indonesia.

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Ramadhan, Muhammad Rheza, and Anindya Fauziyah Basuki. "ANALISIS KOMPARASI KEBIJAKAN PERPAJAKAN TRANSAKSI E-COMMERCE YANG BERLAKU DI INDONESIA DENGAN NEGARA LAIN (UNI EROPA, AUSTRALIA, KOREA SELATAN, INDIA, TIONGKOK, AMERIKA SERIKAT, DAN JEPANG)." Citizen : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia 1, no. 3 (November 23, 2021): 116–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53866/jimi.v1i3.14.

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Анотація:

Indonesia has experienced an increase in users of e-commerce platforms, resulting in increased income for sellers, both individuals and entities, who conduct online sales transactions. Therefore, the Indonesian government sets a tax policy for online sellers. However, the Indonesian government still has several obstacles, one of which is that e-commerce transactions have an eternal nature. To answer these problems, the author compares the taxation policies on e-commerce transactions that apply in Indonesia with the tax policies on e-commerce transactions that apply in other countries, namely the European Union, Australia, South Korea, India, China, the United States, and Japan. The writing method used by the author is a literature study method. This paper shows that the taxation policy on e-commerce transactions in Indonesia, the European Union, Australia, South Korea, India, China, the United States, and Japan imposes a Value Added Tax (VAT) or the like as a consumption tax on goods. And services as well as sales tax and Income Tax. In addition, several countries have created platforms or special teams to manage taxes from e-commerce transactions, namely the platform Mini One Stop Shop (MOSS), now called OSS (European Union); Korean Fair Trade Commission (KFTC) (South Korea); Professional Team for E-Commerce Taxation (Protect) (Japan). Therefore, Indonesia needs to follow the example of the European Union, South Korea, and Japan in terms of establishing a system or team dedicated to managing tax collection from e-commerce transactions

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MULJONO, BAMBANG EKO, DHEVI NAYASARI SASTRADINATA, and HADZIQOTUN NAHDLIYAH. "LEGAL PROTECTION AGAINST CONSUMERS IN E-COMMERCE TRANSACTION." Jurnal Independent 10, no. 1 (March 25, 2022): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30736/ji.v10i1.158.

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Анотація:

AbstractionWith the characteristics of e-commerce like this, consumers will face various legal problems and the current legal protection regulations for consumers have not been able to protect consumer rights in cross-border e-commerce transactions in Indonesia. In e-commerce transactions, there are no more country boundaries, so the consumer protection laws of each country like Indonesia's will not be enough to help, because e-commerce operates across borders. In this connection, legal protection for consumer rights must be carried out with an international approach through harmonization of law and cooperation with law enforcement institutions. In 2008, the Indonesian government issued Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. In this Law on Information and Electronic Transactions, it is regulated regarding electronic transactions, one of which is activities regarding buying and selling in this internet media.

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Sondakh, Oliandes. "Effect of Website Quality and Experience on Performance Expectancy Trough E-Commerce X In Indonesia." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 8, no. 06 (June 11, 2020): 1836–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v8i06.em03.

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In 2019, the number of internet users in Indonesia is projected to reach 175 million, or about 65.3% of the total population of Indonesia which is estimated to reach 268 million. The survey results published by the Indonesian Internet Service Providers Association (2016) show that as many as 123.5 million Indonesians use the internet to access commercial content. The high level of access to commercial content in Indonesia is a great opportunity to start e-commerce. Research conducted by Loureiro and Amorim (2017) shows that perceived website quality and experience greatly influences the judgment of a user on e-commerce performance expectancy. This research uses 130 loyal customers from well-known e-commerce in Indonesia. Non probability sampling with purposive sampling technique is used to collect data to ensure the suitability of respondents with the purpose of the study. To be a sample, respondents must have used e-commerce at least 2 times in the past 1 month. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that website quality had a significant effect on experience, but was not significant for performance expectancy; experience has a significant effect on performance expectancy.

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Sanny, Lim, and Michael Gerardo. "ANALYSIS OF PRIVACY PERCEPTIONS THROUGH SHOPPING BEHAVIOR IN INDONESIAN E-COMMERCE." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 8, no. 2 (March 11, 2020): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.825.

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Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to determine whether privacy perceptions have an effect on shopping decisions through shopping behaviour in Indonesian e-commerce. Methodology: This is a quantitative research using the SEM-PLS method and its purpose is for exploratory research with Millennials (aged 22-37) and Baby Boomers (53- 72) as respondents. Out of 178 questionnaires, 155 of them can proceed. Main Findings: Privacy perceptions affect millennials and baby boomers in their online shopping decision. Privacy Risk Company shall provide more information about how the companies secure consumers’ data. Applications of this study: In Indonesian e-commerce, the company needs to reduce transaction risk by giving money compensation or money-back guarantee to the customers if something happens throughout the transaction process. Besides that, Indonesian e-commerce needs to improve their website design and more information to the customer. Novelty/Originality of this study: Comparison between Millenials and baby boomers’ privacy perceptions through shopping behaviour in Indonesia e-commerce website.

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Anugerah, Fiqqih, and Hari Sutra Disemadi. "Kajian Pembaharuan Hukum Dalam Asuransi E-Commerce." Legal Spirit 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.31328/ls.v6i2.3853.

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Анотація:

Insurance in the electronic trading business has been regulated by law in Indonesia, but there are technical obstacles related to electronic trade insurance in the Indonesian legal system in its application. When insurance is used in business through e-commerce, there is legal protection for the insurer regarding the obligation to notify the policyholder about the subject of insurance, and legal protection for the policyholder regarding the purpose of the policy, namely the transfer of risk to compensation for the damage caused by the event, as well as the risk against risks that threaten insurance coverage. Therefore, this study aims to disseminate knowledge about how insurance arrangements for e-commerce businesses are from a legal point of view in Indonesia and what are the reasons for e-commerce insurance to be specifically regulated by Indonesian law. This study uses a normative legal research method through library research tracing guidelines such as laws, articles, or journals related to the themes and titles to be studied which will be used as the basis or foundation for the preparation of this article. The results of this study indicate that insurance agreements can be used to mitigate risks that may arise from the intrusion of third parties into the e-commerce protection system, as long as the agreement does not violate the insurance principles as regulated in Indonesian legislation.

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Pratama, Randy Imam, Dian Dewi Megadini, and Tanti Kusriandini. "Effect of Perceived Ease of Use, Word-of-Mouth Communication, and Brand Image on Decision to Use Lazada E-Commerce Services." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 6, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i1.533.

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Анотація:

The rapidly growing communication, media and information technology and the widespread development of global information infrastructure has influenced the ways and patterns of business activities in the trade industry, social and political governance. Indonesia is one of the countries that has the largest internet growth after China and India. This growth is likely to form online buying and selling transactions. It is supported by a survey conducted by APJII (Association of Indonesian Internet Service Providers) about Internet Users in Indonesia in 2016 that the most frequently visited commercial content was online shop (62%) or equal to 82.2 million. Visitors and big opportunities for online shops have an impact on the emergence of more e-commerces whose goods or products sold come from the website or application itself without giving opportunity or place for other sellers to sell their products. Based on the data from CNN Indonesia, the number of Lazada app’s downloaders is in first place followed by its competitors Tokopedia and Bukalapak. The abundance of e-commerce in Indonesia creates increasingly fierce competition. Many e-commerce applications or websites provide display menu that makes it easier for users to shop, quality and complete items, varied price ranges, and trusted image of the e-commerce.

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Cahyadini, Amelia, and Indra Oka Margana. "KEBIJAKAN OPTIMASI PAJAK PENGHASILAN DALAM KEGIATAN E-COMMERCE." Veritas et Justitia 4, no. 2 (December 24, 2018): 358–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.25123/vej.3071.

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E-commerce poses a challenge to establishing a viable tax system. The Indonesian Directorate General of Taxes have yet to establish a viable data collection system on the number of active e-commerce business persons and how much they earn annually. The main question to be discussed here is how tax income regulation in Indonesia responds to e-commerce activities, taking into consideration the existing self-assessment system? The author shall attempt to answer this question by using a juridical normative approach. This research leads to one recommendation, i.e. to improve government revenue from e-commerce tax in Indonesia a rule should be established obligating e-commerce actors to obtain certificate of reliability (trust mark). This will improve government and public monitoring capability.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Indonesian commerce"

Leith, Andrew R., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, and Faculty of Management. "Competitiveness of Australian small to medium enterprises in Indonesia." THESIS_FMAN_XXX_Leith_A.xml, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/512.

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The purpose of this research is to determine whether Indonesian business practices and culture inhibit the competitiveness of Australian small to medium enterprises in Indonesia. Prior to the current economic demise of the Indonesian economy, Australia's trade relations with its closest Asian neighbour were not as significant as trade with countries far removed from Australia's shores. Previous research has identified that cultural problems and inadequate communication contribute towards the lack of competitiveness of international small to medium enterprises.However there has been no rigorous and comprehensive research specially related to Australian entrepreneurs and the problems they encounter in Indonesia.Several key themes emerged from this study which indicated that thorough planning and market research are more important than a comprehensive understanding of business practices and culture. What the research brings to extant literature is a rigorous and methodological analysis of Indonesian business practices from an Australian entrepreneur's perspective. This provides a structured link between the parent disciple of cross cultural communications, the plethora of information on Asian business practices, and the reality of Australian small to medium enterprises attempting to enter the Indonesian market
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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Ercole, Roberto. "The impact of agglomeration externalities on manufacturing growth within Indonesian locations." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2015. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/28563/.

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Differences in agglomeration externalities and industrial regimes between locations generate performance differentials for their localized economic activities. For more than two decades, scholars have debated which externality is dominant for growth and under which regime. The present study aims to resolve this debate by analysing the influence of agglomeration economies on the growth of five-digit manufacturing sectors and firms in Indonesia between 2000 and 2009 discriminating cities and regencies. Specialization, competition, population density, human capital, and a set of varieties are employed. This is conducted shedding the light on policy implications of economic variety sectoral decomposition functional to revitalize Indonesian manufacturing growth after the Asian Financial Crisis, which substantially hits the Indonesian economy and manufacturing. Empirical evidence reveals that Indonesian policymakers should develop initiatives to support the competitiveness of key labour-intensive industries and manufacturing transformation towards knowledge-based productions. This can be achieved through promoting key specialised clusters characterized by large sectoral interconnectivity favouring inter and intra-industry knowledge spillovers, which allow underpinning the competitiveness of clusters and overcoming the two typical drawbacks of highly specialized locations (lock-in and lack of resilience). The formation of human capital, and the development of technologically advanced industries come to light as crucial drivers to construct a more conductive innovative environment and reduce manufacturing exposure to external industry-specific shocks. Population density and industrial diversity antithetically influence manufacturing growth in cities and regencies due to their economic heterogeneities.

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Natalegawa, A. D. H. "Economic management and the stages of Indonesian inflation : 1950-1983." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/32940258.html.

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Patrisia, Dina. "The relationship between corporate diversification, corporate governance and corporate social performance in Indonesian companies." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2016. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/32622/.

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The effect of corporate diversification on behaviour of business towards stakeholder demands and social concerns has been overlook, especially in product diversification both related and unrelated diversification. This study investigates the relationship between corporate diversification (CD) (i.e. related, unrelated and international diversification) and Corporate Social Performance (CSP) in Indonesian listed companies. It explores the moderating effect of corporate governance (CG) (e.g. independent commissioner and ownership concentration) on the correlation between corporate diversification and CSP. This study takes 203 listed companies from the Indonesian Stock Exchange as the sample. It applied company annual report, Indonesian Capital Market Directory and Osiris database as sourced of data. Moreover, content analysis based on 80 indicators of Global Report Initiative is used to measure CSP, while multiple regression with one-year lag dependent variables is used as the primary data analysis. The result of multi regression analysis shows that related and unrelated diversification produced different outcomes whereby related diversification is negatively correlated with CSP. Unrelated diversification, conversely, reveals a positive relationship with CSP. Moreover, unrelated diversification is more positively correlated to CSP than the related CD, while international diversification also has a positive relationship with CSP. Furthermore, an independent commissioner could strengthen the CD-CSP relationship with regards to unrelated and international diversification. Conversely, ownership concentration could weaken the CD and CSP relationship for related diversification. In conclusion, this study contributes to theoretical development (i.e. it explains the link between product diversification, international diversification and CSP in emerging economies setting. It extends previous studies by considering the role of CG as a moderator, and uses content analysis based on GRI indicators in measuring CSP). Additionally, it has managerial implications, including a manager needs to consider CD and carefully manage the demands of an extensive range of stakeholders to increase CSP. Second, in order to maximise the impact of corporate diversification strategy on CSP, a manager has to think sensibly, based on the CG dimensions in the company, such as the number of independent commissioners and ownership concentration. Third, this study provides input to managers who run their businesses in emerging economies that have some differences with developed economies, for instance local rules, regulations and governmental control. Fourth, it also has an impact on the economy of Indonesia. For example, the government should establish regulations suitable for several types of industry and encourage the listed companies to implement good CG. Finally, limitations and further research directions are discussed.

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Sarsito, Agus. "An analysis of the Indonesian teak industry and its market prospects in the UK for further processed products." Thesis, Bangor University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262521.

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Tilley, Lisa. "The condition of market emergence in Indonesia : coloniality as exclusion and translation." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/90948/.

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Анотація:

This thesis elaborates a decolonial international political economy (IPE) as a means of examining the condition of market emergence in Indonesia. It presents the term ‘emerging market’ as the contemporary organising grammar which positions Indonesia in relation to international capital flows. This condition of market emergence is further understood in historical colonial perspective as the latest mode of producing Indonesia as an investible site for international capital. My expansion of decolonial IPE is made in this thesis through the analysis of difference-based ‘exclusion’ and ‘translation’, both as vital elements of coloniality and as processes which relate to accumulation and dispossession in an ‘emerging market’ context. I go on to make the case for bringing urban and rural terminable sites of extraction into the same frame of analysis. These are understood similarly here as internal frontiers along which social groups are materially and discursively excluded from the national emerging market project and thus rendered expropriatable. I further analyse the repeated dispossession of these expropriatable groups along with other means of enacting ‘translations’, or enforced alterations in ways of being. These translations are by no means passively accepted and my analysis further demonstrates various means by which these are negotiated and contested. This thesis therefore makes contributions to the literature on decolonial thought and IPE, at the same time as presenting an original examination of Indonesia in its present moment of market emergence.

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Nuryanti, Wiendu. "Scale and locational effects on tourism multipliers : tourism and regional development in Indonesia." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 1998. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/325/.

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The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of scale and location on the multiplier values associated with tourism expenditure in each of the regions of Indonesia. Furthermore, various factors are examined that determine the economic impacts of tourism to better understand how scale of accommodation and location can be used as a conceptual framework to help comprehend the patterns and interactions across regions. These concepts may be used to reveal the complexities underlying the fundamental structures in developing countries to show to what extent development facilitates tourism, and to what extent tourism encourages development. The specific objectives of the research are as follows: 1. To examine the effects of scale of accommodation on the multiplier values within the framework of similarities and differences in the levels of development, density and accessibility in the regions. The results can be used to identify the factors that influence the economic impact of tourism. This perspective examines tourism not only as a source of demand but also the simultaneous relationship between supply and demand within the intersectoral linkages of the national-regional Indonesian economic structure. 2. To examine the locational effects on the characteristics of multiplier values associated with tourism within the core-periphery relationship of the 27 regions of Indonesia. The study analyses the different locations of these regions as tourism destinations and compares how they act as a mediating absorption force for tourism's contribution to regional development. ii 3. To determine the characteristics of the economic impact of tourism in order to aid regional development planning with a better understanding of the concept of intersectoral and interspatial systems by treating tourism in a holistic manner and putting it in a broader context. Tourism, similar to other export industries, involves intersectoral activities, which is based on the recognition that the various sectors that make up the structure of the economy are interdependent. What makes tourism a unique phenomenon compared to other consumer-production relationships is that tourists must travel to the location of the destination in order to consume its product. It is this essential characteristic of tourism that ensures that it has a simultaneous effect not only on economic but also social, environmental and cultural structures in the region concerned. However, the impacts on environment and socio-cultural matters are outside the scope of the thesis. Due to these complex realities, tourism in developing countries can not be approached only in terms of master planning or marketing, rather it is fundamentally a problem of development. The main findings of this research indicate that each region has its own regional differentiation and unique characteristics. These differences involve location or accessibility, proximity to the centres of economic activities, regional economic structures, type and characteristics of tourist activities, and spending patterns. These findings seem to confirm the combined input/output and deductive gravity principles whereby the effects of interlinkages and interspatial factors are strongly intertwined in determining multiplier values of tourism across regions. iii In brief, the less developed the regions, and the farther the accessibility from the centre, the smaller the resulting multiplier values. There is a concept of 'absorption' involved in these relationships, in that multiplier values are gradually absorbed in proportion to flow per unit of economic distance. This evidence suggests that tourism in Indonesia is strongly related not only to development disparities but also to locational constraints. It is hoped that these findings, which offer an understanding of the contribution of scale and location in tourism and regional development, may help address national and regional tourism development policy-making and strategies in developing countries.

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Rahayu, Rita. "E-Commerce adoption by small and medium sized enterprises in Indonesia : an empirical study of influencing factors and the impact of e-commerce adoption on SME performance." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2015. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/28718/.

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Анотація:

This study considers e-commerce adoption by SMEs in developing countries and, in particular, SMEs in Indonesia. It not only explores the extent of e-commerce adoption by SMEs in Indonesia and the determinant factors of e-commerce adoption but also the post-adoption benefits of e-commerce. It adds to the extant literature by considering both ‘downstream’ and ‘upstream’ factors within the context of developing countries. Many existing studies only consider upstream or downstream issues and in the context of developed countries. The focus is not on business organizations in general but SMEs in particular. The significance of this study is due to the limited current studies regarding e-commerce adoption in SMEs that were conducted developing countries. Eleven factors were identified as the determinant factors of e-commerce adoption and fifteen post adoption (upstream) benefits were identified. A combination of questionnaires and semistructured interviews were used in the data collection. Three hundred and one questionnaires provided quantitative data which was analysed by using regression analysis and ANOVA. The twenty-two, semi-structured interviews provided qualitative data about the reasons why these SMEs adopted e-commerce and the actual benefits realised by them, and all of that gave useful support to the questionnaire results. Data collection was in late 2013 / early 2014. This study found that six factors, namely perceived benefits, technology readiness, external support, manager/owners innovativeness, manager/owners IT experience and manager/owners IT ability, have a positive and significant correlation with e-commerce adoption. Then, extending market reach; increased sales; improved external communication; improved company image; improved speed of processing; and increased employee productivity were found as the top six e-commerce benefits perceived by the Indonesian SMEs. In addition to this, the adoption of e-commerce has a positive and significance impact on SMEs market performance and communication performance. The findings have implications for the Indonesian government, IT vendors and the SME owners. The low level of e-commerce adoption by Indonesian SMEs certainly has an implication for the Indonesian government. The results of this study could help them to increase further, and better target, effective programmers to encourage the adoption of ecommerce by Indonesian SMEs. For IT vendors, this condition would be an opportunity for them in promoting their products and services. In order to increase their success, they should also consider the determinant factors of e-commerce adoption. Many SME owners want to raise their level of adoption so that they can excel in competition This thesis makes a contribution to theory and practice by providing for Indonesian SMEs in particular, and SMEs in developing countries in general, a holistic picture of e-commerce adoption; the extent of e-commerce adoption; and, the determinant factors leading to adoption and the post adoption benefits.

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Meliani, Lenny Erna. "Employee turnover in Indonesia's Directorate General of Taxes : a case study of Jakarta's tax offices between 2009 and 2015 : critical application of Price and Mueller's causal model of turnover." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/48471/.

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Анотація:

The thesis is driven by the increasing number of the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) employees who voluntarily left the organisation following the first phase of its organisational reforms that ended in 2008. Some changes were made to the reforms, including improving the employee compensation scheme, developing a more conducive working environment, setting up standard operating procedures to clarify job ambiguity, and implementing a job rotation system. The expectation following these changes was that employees would perform better and continue their employment in the DGT. During the second phase of reform between 2009 and 2014, 280 DGT employees decided to quit their jobs. The DGT claimed it had lost many tax specialists, tax auditors and managers, who play a crucial role in enabling the DGT to perform its function of collecting tax revenues This thesis seeks to understand the underlying causes of employee turnover in Indonesia’s DGT. It employs Price and Mueller’s model of employee turnover as the analytical framework to systematically examine the research problem. The research is based on two case studies in Jakarta’s regional tax offices, and it includes former and current DGT employees, as well as officials who are responsible in implementing the human resource regulations. Data for the research were collected through questionnaires and interviews. Price and Mueller’s comprehensive approach to the turnover problem was expected to be a useful tool to raise awareness for further examination of employee turnover problems. The thesis reveals that the model is substantially useful to explain job satisfaction among DGT employees (stayers), however, it is not fully effective in capturing employee turnover problems in Indonesia’s DGT. The model assumed organisational stability, while organisational change is more prevalent not only in the private sector, but also in the public sector. This research concludes that employees’ intentions/decisions in staying or leaving the DGT were rooted in organisational change and changes in its HR practices. The uncertainty tied into the reforms was found to be an important factor in influencing employees’ attitudes and behaviour toward their jobs.

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Lombard, Denys. "Recherches sur l'histoire des mentalites a java : societe insulaire ou carrefour maritime?" Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040079.

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L'etude envisage dans sa globalite l'histoire de java, l'ile la plus importante de l'archipel insulindien (plus de 90 millions d'habitants en 1989), et cherche a en analyser les elements formateurs. La premiere partie porte sur les effets de l'occidentalisation ("trois siecles de colonisation"), en fait relativement limites. La seconde partie est consacree aux reseaux asiatiques, surtout musulmans et chinois; l'examen des sources malaises permet de retracer les mutations mentales des xvie et xviie s. (emergence d'une certaine modernite) et l'etude de communautes chinoises permet de mettre en evidence d'importants transferts techniques. La troisieme partie, fondee sur les textes epigraphiques et litteraires javanais, analyse la strate la plus profonde, celle des royaumes agraires, crees a partir du ixe s. Et dont les principes sont a l'origine de l'etat indonesien d'aujourd'hui. Carrefour d'influences lointaines (indienne, chinoise, islamique et europeenne), java est en meme temps le lieu d'elaboration d'une ideologie particuliere qui a fini par federer les autres iles et les associer a un grand ensemble politique. L'ouvrage est accompagne de 50 cartes et plans et de 88 illustrations
This study is aimed at presenting a comprehensive history of java, the most important island of the malay archipelago (with a population of more than 90 millions in 1989) and at analysing its formative elements. The first part deals with the impact of westernization ("three centuries of colonisation") and its limits. The second part focusses on asiatic, mainly islamic and chinese networks. The investigation of malay sources allows us to trace the ideological changes which occured during the 16th and 17th centuries (emergence of a certain modernity); the study of overseas chinese communities on the other hand allows us to unveil the importance of technological transfers. The third part, based on both epigraphical material and javanese literature, analyses the deepest stratum, i. E. The agrarian kingdoms which developed from the 9th c. Onwards and originated the present indonesian state. Java consequently appears both as the meeting point of various influences (indian, chinese, islamic, european) and as the cradle of a peculiar civilisation which federates the outside islands and coordinates them within a wide political framework. The text is illustrated with 50 maps and 88 photos

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Книги з теми "Indonesian commerce"

Yudhistira, Aria Wiratma. Made in Indonesia: How global importers can get the best of Indonesian products. Gunung Sahari Utara, Jakarta, Indonesia: Katadata Indonesia, 2012.

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Setyowati, Prihana. Kamus istilah perdagangan. Jakarta: LP3ES, 1994.

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Katadata, PT. Made in Indonesia: The best Indonesian products of top 100 exporters. Jakarta: PT Katadata Indonesia, 2013.

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1960-, Goodfellow Rob, ed. Indonesian business culture. Singapore: BH Asia, 1997.

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Madurese seafarers: Prahus, timber and illegality on the margins of the Indonesian state. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, 2011.

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Pudjiatmoko. Determining Japanese market today for Indonesian selected agricultural products. Tokyo: Agricultural Attaché, Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia, Tokyo, 2009.

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Sarkar, Himansu Bhusan. Trade and commercial activities of southern India in the Malayo-Indonesian world, up to A.D. 1511. Calcutta: Firma KLM, 1986.

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Subandi. Kamus perkapalan dan bisnis, Inggris-Indonesia. Jakarta: Arcan, 1988.

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Znoj, Heinz Peter. Tausch und Geld in Zentralsumatra: Zur Kritik des Schuldbegriffes in der Wirtschaftsethnologie. Berlin: Reimer, 1995.

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Raharjo, Handri. Jurus sakti berdagang dengan feng shui Jawa. Yogyakarta: Citra Media, 2010.

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Johanes, Ricky Chandra, Rahmad Mahendra, and Brahmastro Kresnaraman. "Structuring Code-Switched Product Titles in Indonesian e-Commerce Platform." In Computational Data and Social Networks, 217–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66046-8_18.

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Prayoga, Pandu. "The Indonesian Political-Economy: Maritime Development in Fisheries and Commerce." In ASEAN Maritime Security, 43–63. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2362-3_4.

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Rianto, Lukito Edi Nugroho, and P. Insap Santosa. "Analysis of E-Commerce User Behavior of Indonesian Students: A Preliminary Study of Adaptive E-Commerce." In Studies in Computational Intelligence, 365–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15720-7_26.

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Mufadhzil and Y. Alversia. "The influence of browsing motivation toward consumer impulse buying behavior on Indonesian M-commerce." In Contemporary Research on Business and Management, 178–81. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003196013-44.

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Balaga, Raghuram. "Accessibility Issues in Indonesian E-Commerce Portals: Issues and Recommendations for Business Improvement and Growth." In Re-imagining Diffusion and Adoption of Information Technology and Systems: A Continuing Conversation, 581–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64861-9_51.

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Herdiani, A., K. Ayuningtyas, Y. T. Setiaji, S. Mariyah, and A. T. Hsi. "E-commerce tax: Is it an opportunity or a defiance for Indonesian government during the Covid-19 pandemic?" In Urbanizing the Regional Sector to Strengthen Economy and Business to Recover from Recession, 35–42. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003303336-4.

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Rosmeli, Rosmeli, Novita Ekasari, and Armida Armida. "A Model of Coffee Commerce in Jambi Province, Indonesia." In Proceedings of the 3rd Progress in Social Science, Humanities and Education Research Symposium (PSSHERS 2021), 441–50. Paris: Atlantis Press SARL, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-33-6_48.

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Giasi, William Reynaldo, Christina Rahardja, and Dudi Anandya. "Factors Affecting Fashion Product Customer Satisfaction." In Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022), 856–63. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_107.

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AbstractThis study aims to analyze factors that affect customers’ satisfaction when purchasing fashion products through Indonesia’s e-commerce. The respondents involved in this study were those who purchased fashion products on e-commerce at least 3 times in the last 3 months and were at least 18 years old. This study uses a quantitative approach, employing SEM methods for structural equation modeling, and uses SPSS 25 and AMOS 26 for data processing. This study shows that Online shopping experience, Seller service, External incentives, and Security/Privacy directly influence Customer satisfaction. This study’s findings could help e-commerce and online businesses focus on establishing better customer satisfaction strategies.

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Ramli, Kalamullah. "Indonesia’s preparation for the digital economy and e-commerce." In Developing the Digital Economy in ASEAN, 139–57. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge-ERIA studies in development economics: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429504853-7.

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Pamungkas, Bani, Siti Rohajawati, Devi Fitrianah, Ida Nurhaida, and H. H. Wachyu. "Proposing a Key Model e-Commerce Towards Digital Economy for Coastal Areas in Indonesia." In IT Convergence and Security 2017, 98–105. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6454-8_14.

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Gunawan. "Social Commerce from Seller and Region Perspective: A Data Mining for Indonesian E-commerce." In 2022 International Conference on Data Science and Its Applications (ICoDSA). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icodsa55874.2022.9862835.

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Shihab, Muhammad R., Sri Wahyuni, and A. N. Hidayanto. "Analysis of trust presence within e-commerce websites: A study of Indonesian e-commerce websites." In 2014 International Conference on Advanced Computer Science and Information Systems (ICACSIS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icacsis.2014.7065866.

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Imannuel, Daniella Gabrielle, Karina Rizka Putri, Muhammad Furqan, Rano Kartono, and Arta Moro Sundjaja. "Factor Influence Indonesian Customer Purchase Intention Towards Cross Border Seller in Indonesia E-Commerce Platform." In 2021 3rd International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent System (ICORIS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icoris52787.2021.9649525.

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Kartiwi, M., and T. S. Gunawan. "Assessment of e-commerce adoption benefits by Indonesian women entrepreneurs." In 2013 5th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for the Muslim World 2013 (ICT4M). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ict4m.2013.6518902.

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Nasiri, Denanir F., and Indra Budi. "Aspect Category Detection on Indonesian E-commerce Mobile Application Review." In 2019 International Conference on Data and Software Engineering (ICoDSE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icodse48700.2019.9092619.

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Hendra, Mr, Endang Sulistya Rini, Paham Ginting, and Beby Karina F. Sembiring. "The Antecedents of Electronic Loyalty in Indonesian C2C E-Commerce." In 1st Economics and Business International Conference 2017 (EBIC 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ebic-17.2018.85.

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Ristyanti, Rian, and Anton Widjaja. "The Strategic Entrepreneurship Impact of Performance on Indonesian E-Commerce." In Proceedings of the 1st Sampoerna University-AFBE International Conference, SU-AFBE 2018, 6-7 December 2018, Jakarta Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.6-12-2018.2286289.

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Rumata, Vience Mutiara, and Ashwin Sasongko Sastrosubroto. "The Indonesian e-commerce governance challenges in addressing the penetration of global user generated commerce platforms." In 2017 International Conference on Computer, Control, Informatics and its Applications (IC3INA). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ic3ina.2017.8251731.

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Nurrohmah, Isnaeni, Dana I. Sensuse, and Harry B. Santoso. "The validation of interaction design maturity criteria in Indonesian e-Commerce." In 2017 11th International Conference on Information & Communication Technology and System (ICTS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icts.2017.8265655.

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Sensuse, Dana Indra, Rini Juliana Sipahutar, Resty Kurnia Jamra, Ryan Randy Suryono, and Kautsarina. "Challenges and Recommended Solutions for Change Management in Indonesian E-Commerce." In 2020 International Conference on Information Technology Systems and Innovation (ICITSI). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icitsi50517.2020.9264950.

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Kelbesa, Megersa. Digital Service Taxes and Their Application. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.135.

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Many developing economies have seen a rise in e-commerce activity within their borders, and a decline in income from traditional industries as a result of COVID-19, meaning the digital economy offers a potentially unexploited source of tax revenue. . As a result, more developing countries may soon begin adopting some sort of digital tax. The economic activities which may be subject to the Digital Services Tax (DST) may vary from country to country. It will, therefore, be necessary for businesses operating in multiple jurisdictions across developing countries to keep up with the changes in digital taxes. Before implementing a DST scheme, developing countries are advised to perform an in-depth cost-benefit analysis and due considerations. Some developing (and several developed) countries have already unilaterally implemented a “provisional” DST system. Other developing countries are on the process of implementing DST or have simply announced that they will implement a DST soon. Although most of the countries so far actively working on DST (are rich countries, a growing list of developing countries are joining the process. Some examples include the following: Malaysia, Indonesia, Kenya, Nigeria, Argentina and, Chile. It is important to mention that the literature on DST is very limited – although growing, and the evidence base around the economic impacts is particularly scarce. This is partly due to the quite recent nature of DST implementation. The evidence is even scarcer for developing countries – Due to these limitations, this rapid evidence review looks at different types of available literature – including reports and blogs issued by international financial institutions and development agencies. The rest of the report will give an overview of key proposed approaches to tax the digital economy, provide a very brief account of the economic impact of DST, provide a brief mapping of the implementation of digital service taxes in developing countries, provide a brief description of each DST system and about the economic impact of the DST, finally a brief account or attributes of a “good” DST system.

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