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Статті в журналах з теми "Indians of North America – Great Basin region (North America)"
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Wetter, Mark. "Documenting the occurrence through space & time of aquatic non-indigenous fish, mollusks, algae, & plants threatening North America's Great Lakes utilizing herbaria & zoological museum specimens." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (May 18, 2018): e24930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.24930.
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North America’s Great Lakes contain 21% of the planet’s fresh water, and their protection is a matter of national security to both the USA & Canada. One of the greatest threats to the health of this unparalleled natural resource is invasion by non-indigenous species, several of which already have had catastrophic impacts on property values, the fisheries, shipping, and tourism industries, and continue to threaten the survival of native species and wetland ecosystems. The Great Lakes Invasives Network is a consortium (20 institutions) of herbaria and zoology museums from among the Great Lakes states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and New York created to better document the occurrence of selected non-indigenous species and their congeners in space and time by imaging and providing online access to the information on the specimens of the critical organisms. The list of non-indigenous species (1 alga, 42 vascular plants, 22 fish, and 13 mollusks) to be digitized was generated by conducting a query of all fish, plants, algae, and mollusks present in the database of GLANSIS – the Great Lakes Aquatic Nonindigenous Species Information System – maintained by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The network consists of collections at 20 institutions, including 4 of the 10 largest herbaria in North America, each of which curates 1-7 million specimens (NY, F, MICH, and WIS). Eight of the nation’s largest zoology museums are also represented, several of which (e.g., Ohio State and U of Minnesota) are internationally recognized for their fish and mollusk collections. Each genus includes at least one species that is considered a Great Lakes non-indigenous taxon – several have many, whereas others have congeners on “watchlists”, meaning that they have not arrived in the Great Lakes Basin yet, but have the potential to do so, especially in light of human activity and climate change. Because the introduction and spread of these species, their close relatives, and hybrids into the region is known to have occurred almost entirely from areas in North America outside of the Basin, our effort will include non-indigenous specimens collected from throughout North America. Digitized specimens of Great Lakes non-indigenous species and their congeners will allow for more accurate identification of invasive species and hybrids from their non-invasive relatives by a wider audience of end users. The metadata derived from digitized specimens of Great Lakes non-indigenous species and their congeners will help biologists to track, monitor, and predict the spread of invasive species through space and time, especially in the face of a more rapidly changing climate in the upper Midwest. All together consortium members will digitize >2 million individual specimens from >860,000 sheets/lots of non-indigenous species and their congeneric taxa. Data and metadata are uploaded to the Great Lakes Invasives Network, a Symbiota portal (GreatLakesInvasvies.org), and ingested by the National Resource for Advancing Digitization of Biodiversity Collections (ADBC) (iDigBio.org) national resource. Several initiatives are already in place to alert citizens to the dangers of spreading aquatic invasive species among our nation's waterways, but this project is developing complementary scientific and educational tools for scientists, students, wildlife officers, teachers, and the public who have had little access to images or data derived directly from preserved specimens of invasive species collected over the past three centuries.
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Leavitt, Steven W., Irina P. Panyushkina, Todd Lange, Li Cheng, Allan F. Schneider, and John Hughes. "Radiocarbon “Wiggles” in Great Lakes Wood at About 10,000 to 12,000 BP." Radiocarbon 49, no. 2 (2007): 855–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200042727.
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High-resolution radiocarbon calibration for the last 14,000 cal yr has been developed in large part using European oaks and pines. Recent subfossil wood collections from the Great Lakes region provide an opportunity to measure 14C activity in decadal series of rings in North America prior to the White Mountains bristlecone record. We developed decadal 14C series from wood at the classic Two Creeks site (∼11,850 BP) in east-central Wisconsin, the Liverpool East site (∼10,250 BP) in northwestern Indiana, and the Gribben Basin site (∼10,000 BP) in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Initial AMS dates on holocellulose produced younger-than-expected ages for most Two Creeks subsamples and for a few samples from the other sites, prompting a systematic comparison of chemical pretreatment using 2 samples from each site, and employing holocellulose, AAA-treated holocellulose, alpha-cellulose, and AAA-treated whole wood. The testing could not definitively reveal the source of error in the original analyses, but the “best” original ages together with new AAA-treated holocellulose and α-cellulose ages were visually fitted to the IntCal04 calibration curve at ages of 13,760–13,530 cal BP for the Two Creeks wood, 12,100–12,020 cal BP for Liverpool East, and 11,300–11,170 cal BP for Gribben Basin. The Liverpool East age falls squarely within the Younger Dryas (YD) period, whereas the Gribben Basin age appears to postdate the YD by ∼300 yr, although high scatter in the decadal Gribben Basin results could accommodate an older age nearer the end of the YD.
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Carroll, Jon W. "Reinterpreting Springwells Ceramics in the Great Lakes Region of North America." Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology 44, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 181–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/26741660.
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Abstract The original ceramics typology developed for Younge/Western Basin Tradition Springwells phase (ca. AD 1160–1420) assemblages included three variants known as Macomb Linear, Macomb Interrupted Linear, and Springwells Net Impressed ceramics. This discussion considers how subregional variation in Springwells decorative styles reflects participation in a larger regional social network.
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Oster, Jessica, Sophie Warken, Natasha Sekhon, Monica Arienzo, and Matthew Lachniet. "Speleothem Paleoclimatology for the Caribbean, Central America, and North America." Quaternary 2, no. 1 (January 28, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat2010005.
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Speleothem oxygen isotope records from the Caribbean, Central, and North America reveal climatic controls that include orbital variation, deglacial forcing related to ocean circulation and ice sheet retreat, and the influence of local and remote sea surface temperature variations. Here, we review these records and the global climate teleconnections they suggest following the recent publication of the Speleothem Isotopes Synthesis and Analysis (SISAL) database. We find that low-latitude records generally reflect changes in precipitation, whereas higher latitude records are sensitive to temperature and moisture source variability. Tropical records suggest precipitation variability is forced by orbital precession and North Atlantic Ocean circulation driven changes in atmospheric convection on long timescales, and tropical sea surface temperature variations on short timescales. On millennial timescales, precipitation seasonality in southwestern North America is related to North Atlantic climate variability. Great Basin speleothem records are closely linked with changes in Northern Hemisphere summer insolation. Although speleothems have revealed these critical global climate teleconnections, the paucity of continuous records precludes our ability to investigate climate drivers from the whole of Central and North America for the Pleistocene through modern. This underscores the need to improve spatial and temporal coverage of speleothem records across this climatically variable region.
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Whitley, David S. "Shamanism and Rock Art in Far Western North America." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 2, no. 1 (April 1992): 89–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774300000494.
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Ethnographic data on the production of rock art in far western North America - the historic hunter-gatherer cultures of California and the Great Basin - are reviewed and analyzed to identify widespread patterns in the origin and, in certain cases, symbolism of the late prehistoric/historical parietal art of this region. These data, collected in the first few decades of this century by a variety of ethnographers, suggest only two origins for the art: production by shamans; and production by initiates in ritual cults. In both instances, the artists were apparently depicting the culturally-conditioned visions or hallucinations they experienced during altered states of consciousness. The symbolism of two sites, Tulare-19 and Ventura-195, is considered in more detail to demonstrate how beliefs about the supernatural world, and the shaman's relationship to this realm, were graphically portrayed.
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Cook, Frederick A., Kevin W. Hall, and C. Elissa Lynn. "The edge of northwestern North America at ∼1.8 Ga." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 42, no. 6 (June 1, 2005): 983–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e05-039.
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The ∼1.80 Ga edge of the northwestern North American craton is buried beneath Phanerozoic and Proterozoic rocks of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin and the adjacent Cordillera. It is visible in more than eight deep seismic reflection profiles that have images of west-facing crustal-scale monoclines with up to 1520 km of vertical relief, and it produces regional isostatic gravity anomalies that can be followed for more than 1500 km along strike. The deep reflection profiles include two major transects of Lithoprobe (southern Canadian Cordillera transect and Slave Northern Cordillera Lithospheric Evolution (SNORCLE) transect) and industry profiles that are strategically located to provide depth and geometry constraints on the monoclines. The isostatic anomalies mark the density transition from Paleoproterozoic and older crystalline rocks of the Canadian Shield to less dense supracrustal rocks of westward-thickening late Paleo proterozoic and younger strata. These gravity anomaly patterns thus provide areal geometry of crustal structure variations along strike away from the depth control provided by the seismic data. Although many of the monoclines follow the Fort Simpson geophysical trend along the Cordilleran deformation front, isostatic anomalies near Great Bear Lake delineate a northeast-striking region of low values that may coincide with a failed rift arm or the southern margin of a large basin. The monoclines are interpreted as a series of en echelon structures that probably formed as a result of lithospheric extension at about 1.801.70 Ga following terminal accretion of the Paleoproterozoic Wopmay Orogen.
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Zhao, C., X. Liu, and L. R. Leung. "The impact of Great Basin Desert dust on the summer monsoon system over southwestern North America." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 12 (December 2, 2011): 31735–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-31735-2011.
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Abstract. The radiative forcing of dust emitted from the Great Basin Desert (GBD) and its impact on monsoon circulation and precipitation over the North America monsoon (NAM) region are simulated using a coupled meteorology and aerosol/chemistry model (WRF-Chem) for 15 yr (1995–2009). During the monsoon season, dust has a cooling effect (−0.90 W m−2) at the surface, a warming effect (0.40 W m−2) in the atmosphere, and a negative top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) forcing (−0.50 W m−2) over the GBD region on 24-h average. Most of the dust emitted from the GBD concentrates below 800 hPa and stacks over the western slope of the Rocky Mountains and Mexican Plateau. The absorption of shortwave radiation by dust heats the lower atmosphere by up to 0.5 K day−1 over the western slope of the Mountains. Model sensitivity simulations with and without dust for 15 summers (June-July-August) show that dust heating of the lower atmosphere over the GBD region remotely strengthens the low-level southerly moisture fluxes on both sides of the Sierra Madre Occidental. It also results in an eastward migration of NAM-driven moisture convergence over the western slope of the Mountains. These monsoonal circulation changes lead to a statistically significant increase of precipitation by up to ~40% over the eastern slope of the Mountains (Arizona-New Mexico-Texas regions). This study highlights the interaction between dust and the NAM system and motivates further investigation of possible dust feedback on monsoon precipitation under climate change and the mega-drought conditions projected for the future.
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Andreae, Meinrat O., and Tracey W. Andreae. "Archaeometric studies on rock art at four sites in the northeastern Great Basin of North America." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (January 26, 2022): e0263189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263189.
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Rock art originated some 46,000 years ago and can provide unique insights into the minds of our human ancestors. However, dating of these ancient images, especially of petroglyphs, remains a challenge. In this study, we explore the potential of deriving age estimates from measurements of the areal densities of manganese (DMn) and iron (DFe) in the rock varnish on petroglyphs, based on the concept that the amount of varnish that has regrown on a petroglyph since its creation, relative to the surrounding intact varnish, is a measure of its age. We measured DMn and DFe by portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) on dated Late Pleistocene and Holocene rock surfaces, from which we derived accumulation rates of Mn and Fe in the rock varnish. The observed rates were comparable to our previous findings on basalt surfaces in North America. We derived age estimates for the rock art at four sites in the northern Great Basin region of North America based on DMn measurements on the petroglyphs and intact varnish. They suggest that rock art creation in this region began around the Pleistocene/Holocene transition and continued into the Historic Period, encompassing a wide range of styles and motifs. Evidence of reworking of the rock art at various times by Indigenous people speaks of the continued agency of these images through the millennia. Our results are in good agreement with chronologies based on archeological and other archaeometric techniques. While our method remains subject to significant uncertainty with regard to the absolute ages of individual images, it provides the unique opportunity to obtain age estimates for large ensembles of images without the need for destructive sampling.
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Ames, Kenneth M., Kristen A. Fuld, and Sara Davis. "Dart and Arrow Points on the Columbia Plateau of Western North America." American Antiquity 75, no. 2 (April 2010): 287–325. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/0002-7316.75.2.287.
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The timing of the bow and arrow's introduction, spread, and replacement of the atlatl is an important research question in North American prehistory. Although regional archaeologists have not focused on the issue, it is generally thought that the bow and arrow were introduced on the Columbia Plateau ca. 2,300 years ago and completely replaced the atlatl by 1000 B.P. We apply two sets of discriminate functions and four threshold values to three large projectile point samples from the Columbia Plateau and a control sample from the Western Great Basin. Our results indicate that the atlatl was used on the Plateau by ca. 10,800 B.P. While the bow and arrow may have been present by 8500 B.P., they were ubiquitous in the region by 4400 B.P. Atlatl use appears to have increased for a while after 3000 B.P. At the same time, metric differences between dart and arrow points strengthened. Darts became rare after 1500 B.P. but seem to have been in use in small numbers at least until contact.
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Sukhobokova, Olga. "The British-French struggle for Canada (the end of the 1680s – the beginning of the 1760s)." American History & Politics: Scientific edition, no. 15 (2023): 96–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2023.15.8.
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The article is devoted to the four wars between Great Britain and France in the late 1680s and early 1760s, as a result of which it was determined who would own the territory of modern Canada: King William’s War or War of the League of Augsburg, Queen Anne’s War (or War of the Spanish Succession), King George’s War (War of the Austrian Succession) and the Seven Years’ War (Conquest). The purpose of the article is to consider the British-French wars of the 17th – 18th centuries on the territory of Canada, which determined its future. The research methodology is based on the principle of historicism and problem-chronological and complex approaches. Comparative and analytical methods made it possible to compare the starting positions of Great Britain and France in North America and the course and results of their armed struggle for Canada in the context of the wars of both empires on different continents. The scientific novelty of the study consists in an attempt to show the complexity, consistency and patterns of the British-French struggle for Canada. Its circumstances and main milestones are traced, which influenced not only the results of the struggle, but also laid the foundation for the development of Canada for the following centuries. This, as well as insufficient attention to the problem in Ukrainian Canadian studies, strengthens the relevance of this article. Conclusions. As a result of the British-French wars, Great Britain became the victor and the most powerful colonial and maritime empire. Instead, France ceded positions and possessions, in particular in North America. The first three wars began in Europe, and later hostilities also began in North America, involving mainly the colonists and their Native American allies. But the last, Seven Years’ War began precisely in North America. The British used regular troops in it. The British fleet also played a significant role, as well as the larger population and production capacity of their colonies compared to the French. If in the first three wars the French were able to compensate for these factors due to more effective mobilization and the involvement of Indians as allies, then in the fourth and last war they were defeated. The main consequence was the termination of the existence of New France and the consolidation of dominance in the region of Great Britain, which determined the further development of Canada as a colony, and later the dominion of Great Britain.
Дисертації з теми "Indians of North America – Great Basin region (North America)"
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Blackhawk, Ned. "Violence over the land : colonial encounters in the American Great Basin /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10405.
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Fierst, John Timothy. "The struggle to defend Indian authority in the Ohio Valley-Great Lakes region, 1763-1794." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ57540.pdf.
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Barnes, Robin Benson. "Prehistoric caches in an intermittent wetlands environment : an analysis of the Nicolarsen Cave collection, Washoe County, Nevada /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Smith, Beth P. "Prehistoric crescentic tools from the Great Basin and California a spatial and temporal analysis /." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1456402.
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Hinshaw, Michael Lloyd. "Ethnohistoric study of culture retention and acculturation among the Great Lakes and Oklahoma Odawa." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1020186.
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This study examines the history and culture of the Odawa people from their prehistory until the present time. This paper looks at a creation story of the Odawa to see how they perceived their own beginnings. Following this, there is an examination of the prehistory, protohistory and history of this people. The section on the history of this people is broken up into three major periods---French, British and American. In the course of this examination, it is discovered that they were originally part of the loosely structured Anishnaabeg (People), or the Ojibwa, Odawa and Potawatomi, which were made up of separate bands. They then coalesced into the Odawa, primarily under the influences of European contact. Finally, in the American period, they split into two main groupings---the Great Lakes and Oklahoma. This paper explores why the Oklahoma group ended up acculturated while the Great Lakes bands retained their culture.Department of Anthropology
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Slawson, Laurie Vivian. "The relationship of environment and dynamic disequilibrium to Hohokam settlement along the Santa Cruz River in the Tucson Basin of Southern Arizona." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1994_346_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.
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Walters, Daryl Georjeanne. "Geospatial analysis of ecological associations and successions in Middle Devonian bioherms of the Great Lakes region." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1467270442.
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Hill, Matthew Glenn. "Paleoindian diet and subsistence behavior on the northwestern Great Plains of North America." 2001. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/49527655.html.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin, Madison, 2001.eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 297-332).
Книги з теми "Indians of North America – Great Basin region (North America)"
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Cox, Beverly. Spirit of the Harvest: North American Indian Cooking. New York, NY: Stewart, Tabori & Chang, 1991.
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McDaniel, Melissa. Great Basin Indians. Chicago, Ill: Heinemann Library, 2012.
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Great Basin Indians: An encyclopedic history. Reno, Nevada: University of Nevada Press, 2013.
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Doherty, Craig A. Great Basin Indians. New York: Chelsea House, 2007.
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Native nations of the Great Basin and Plateau. Mankato, MN: Child's World, 2016.
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Hurst, Thomas David, ed. A Great Basin Shoshonean source book. New York: Garland Pub., 1986.
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Sherrow, Victoria. Indians of the Plateau and Great Basin. New York: Facts on File, 1992.
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1948-, Beck Charlotte, ed. Models for the millennium: Great Basin anthropology today. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1999.
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Cassinelli, Dennis. Gathering traces of the Great Basin Indians. Reno, Nev: Western Book/Journal Press, 1996.
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Kuiper, Kathleen. American Indians of California, the Great Basin, and the Southwest. New York: Rosen Educational Services, LLC, 2012.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Indians of North America – Great Basin region (North America)"
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Alexander, Earl B., Roger G. Coleman, Todd Keeler-Wolfe, and Susan P. Harrison. "Southern California Coast Ranges, Domain 3." In Serpentine Geoecology of Western North America. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195165081.003.0021.
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The Southern California Coast Range domain is a mountainous region with subparallel ridges aligned north–south, or more precisely north, northwest–south, southeast, and with intervening valleys that are controlled by strike-slip faulting. It extends about 400 km from the Golden Gate at the entrance to San Francisco Bay south to the Transverse Ranges that have east–west trending ridges. The domain corresponds to a physiographic region about 400 km long and 100 km wide that is bound by the Pacific Ocean on the west, the Great Valley of California on the east, on the north by the drainage outlet of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers through the Carquinas Straight and San Pablo Bay, and on the south by the Transverse Ranges. Ridges in the Southern California Coast Ranges generally have nearly level crests (Page et al. 1997), but they range considerably in height up to about 1500 m on some of the higher peaks. No streams from the Great Valley cross the Southern California Coast Ranges to the Ocean; the Great Valley drains through the Carquinez Straight and Golden Gate at the north end of these ranges. The larger streams in the Southern California Coast Ranges drain from the Santa Clara Valley, Salinas Valley, and Cuyama Valley to the San Francisco, Monterey, and San Luis Obispo bays. Only relatively small streams drain to the Great Valley, but some of them have large alluvial fans in the valley. There are many Tertiary-faultbound valleys and basins among the mountain ranges. Some of the more prominent basins are the Santa Maria basin, Carrizo Plains, Paso Robles basin, and Watsonville basin. Serpentine is scattered in relatively small bodies throughout the domain and is concentrated along some of the major faults and in the New Idria area (locality 3-12). Climates range from cool and foggy along the coast to warm inland, with hot and dry summers inland from the fog belt.
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Pritzker, Barry M. "California." In A Native American Encyclopedia, 112–61. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195138979.003.0002.
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Abstract California,” in the context of this chapter, corresponds approximately to the present state of California. It omits the southeastern deserts because the Indian cultures of those deserts are usually considered part of the Southwest. Nor does it cover the region east of the Sierra Nevada (Great Basin), the extreme northeast of the state (Plateau), or Baja California (Mexico). The region contains two great mountain ranges, the Coastal and the Sierra Nevada; two major rivers, the Sacramento and the San Joaquin, and many minor river systems; roughly 1,100 miles of coast; interior semidesert; and, at least before the nineteenth century, huge areas of grassland in the central valleys. Much of California’s climate may be categorized as Mediterranean, with the north, west, and highlands in general receiving more precipitation than the south, east, and lowlands.
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Mitchell, Peter. "North America III: West of the Rockies." In Horse Nations. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198703839.003.0011.
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This chapter looks at three more regions of North America: the Columbia Plateau and adjacent areas of the Pacific Northwest Coast; the Great Basin; and California. It also focuses on three main themes: the development of new identities as many groups adapted aspects of the lifestyle and customs of those on the Plains and more coherent tribal entities emerged; raiding for captives; and raiding for horses. A fourth topic, which casts these into relief, is why some groups rejected the horse, or chose to adopt it very late in their history. The Great Basin was the first of the three areas to receive the horse. It is an arid region of desert, salt lakes, and mountains where rainfall is unpredictable and low, but increases eastward (Plate 15). Except for the Colorado along its southern edge and the headwaters in the rockies of streams draining towards the Missouri, none of its rivers reach the sea. Fremont farmers had once made a living across Utah, but by the 1600s cultivation was restricted to a few groups in the south and west. Elsewhere, the Basin’s inhabitants depended entirely on hunting and gathering, though strategies like burning enhanced the productivity of wild plants and game. Very broadly, two subsistence patterns were followed: one emphasized fish and waterfowl around wetlands, the other a more mobile, broadly based foraging economy in deserts and mountains in which pine nuts (piñons), grass seeds, rabbits, and larger game were important. Except for the Washoe near Lake Tahoe in eastern California, all the region’s historic inhabitants spoke Numic languages. Major groups included Utes in the southeast, Shoshones in the north and centre, and Paiutes in the west and southwest. To the north of the Great Basin lies the Plateau, centred on the Columbia River and its tributaries, which collectively send their waters into the Pacific Ocean (Plate 16). Coniferous forest covers its northern and eastern parts (including several ranges running parallel to but west of the Rockies), but the drier, hilly country of Oregon and eastern Washington is more steppe-like, with sagebrush common and trees more localized.
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Gooley, Jared T., Marty Grove, and Stephan A. Graham. "Tectonic evolution of the central California margin as reflected by detrital zircon composition in the Mount Diablo region." In Regional Geology of Mount Diablo, California: Its Tectonic Evolution on the North America Plate Boundary. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2021.1217(14).
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ABSTRACT The Mount Diablo region has been located within a hypothesized persistent corridor for clastic sediment delivery to the central California continental margin over the past ~100 m.y. In this paper, we present new detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and integrate it with previously established geologic and sedimentologic relationships to document how Late Cretaceous through Cenozoic trends in sandstone composition varied through time in response to changing tectonic environments and paleogeography. Petrographic composition and detrital zircon age distributions of Great Valley forearc stratigraphy demonstrate a transition from axial drainage of the Klamath Mountains to a dominantly transverse Sierra Nevada plutonic source throughout Late Cretaceous–early Paleogene time. The abrupt presence of significant pre-Permian and Late Cretaceous–early Paleogene zircon age components suggests an addition of extraregional sediment derived from the Idaho batholith region and Challis volcanic field into the northern forearc basin by early–middle Eocene time as a result of continental extension and unroofing. New data from the Upper Cenozoic strata in the East Bay region show a punctuated voluminous influx (>30%) of middle Eocene–Miocene detrital zircon age populations that corresponds with westward migration and cessation of silicic ignimbrite eruptions in the Nevada caldera belt (ca. 43–40, 26–23 Ma). Delivery of extraregional sediment to central California diminished by early Miocene time as renewed erosion of the Sierra Nevada batholith and recycling of forearc strata were increasingly replaced by middle–late Miocene andesitic arc–derived sediment that was sourced from Ancestral Cascade volcanism (ca. 15–10 Ma) in the northern Sierra Nevada. Conversely, Cenozoic detrital zircon age distributions representative of the Mesozoic Sierra Nevada batholith and radiolarian chert and blueschist-facies lithics reflect sediment eroded from locally exhumed Mesozoic subduction complex and forearc basin strata. Intermingling of eastern- and western-derived provenance sources is consistent with uplift of the Coast Ranges and reversal of sediment transport associated with the late Miocene transpressive deformation along the Hayward and Calaveras faults. These provenance trends demonstrate a reorganization and expansion of the western continental drainage catchment in the California forearc during the late transition to flat-slab subduction of the Farallon plate, subsequent volcanism, and southwestward migration of the paleodrainage divide during slab rollback, and ultimately the cessation of convergent margin tectonics and initiation of the continental transform margin in north-central California.
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Stone, David, and David L. Verbyla. "Regional Overview of Interior Alaska." In Alaska's Changing Boreal Forest. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195154313.003.0006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
From continental macroclimate to microalluvial salt crusts, geology is a dominant factor that influences patterns and processes in the Alaskan boreal forest. In this chapter, we outline important geologic processes as a foundation for subsequent chapters that discuss the soil, hydrology, climate, and biota of the Alaskan boreal forest. We conclude the chapter with a discussion of interior Alaska from a regional perspective. Alaska can be divided into four major physiographic regions. The arctic coastal plain is part of the Interior Plains physiographic division of North America, analogous to the great plains east of the Rocky Mountains. The arctic coastal plain is predominantly alluvium underlaid by hundreds of meters of permafrost, resulting in many thaw lakes and ice wedges. South of the arctic coastal plain lies the Northern Cordillera, an extension of the Rocky Mountain system dominated by the Arctic Foothills, Brooks Range, Baird Mountains, and Delong Mountains. These mountains were glaciated during the Pleistocene. South of the Brooks Range lies interior Alaska, which is an intermontane plateau region analogous to the Great Basin/Colorado Plateau regions. This extensive region is characterized by wide alluvium-covered lowlands such as the Yukon Flats, Tanana Valley, and Yukon Delta, as well as moderate upland hills, domes, and mountains. Largely unglaciated, this region served as a refugium for biota during glacial periods. With the Northern and Southern Cordilleras acting as barriers, the major rivers of this region have long, meandering paths to the Bering Sea. The Southern Cordillera is composed of two mountain ranges: the Alaska Range to the north and the Kenai/Chugach/Wrangell-St. Elias Mountains to the south. The lowland belt between these mountains includes the Susitna and Copper River lowlands. The entire Southern Cordillera was glaciated during the Pleistocene and today has extensive mountain glaciers. Much of Alaska is made up of multiple geologic fragments that have been rafted together by the movements of the major plates called tectonic terranes (Thorson 1986, Connor and O’Haire 1988). Plate-tectonic theory explains such observations as the changing distribution of fossils with geologic time, the deep Aleutian Trench, high Alaskan mountain barriers, and mountain glaciers.