Готові списки джерел за темами / In vitro gut model

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "In vitro gut model"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 6 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "In vitro gut model":

1

Tang, Lei. "In vitro intestine model for gut microbiome." Nature Methods 16, no. 7 (June 27, 2019): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41592-019-0489-5.

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2

Malaguarnera, Giulia, Miriam Graute, and Antoni Homs Corbera. "The translational roadmap of the gut models, focusing on gut-on-chip." Open Research Europe 1 (June 4, 2021): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.13709.1.

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It is difficult to model in vitro the intestine when seeking to include crosstalk with the gut microbiota, immune and neuroendocrine systems. Here we present a roadmap of the current models to facilitate the choice in preclinical and translational research with a focus on gut-on-chip. These micro physiological systems (MPS) are microfluidic devices that recapitulate in vitro the physiology of the intestine. We reviewed the gut-on-chips that had been developed in academia and industries as single chip and that have three main purpose: replicate the intestinal physiology, the intestinal pathological features, and for pharmacological tests.
3

Malaguarnera, Giulia, Miriam Graute, and Antoni Homs Corbera. "The translational roadmap of the gut models, focusing on gut-on-chip." Open Research Europe 1 (January 18, 2023): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.13709.2.

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It is difficult to model in vitro the intestine when seeking to include crosstalk with the gut microbiota, immune and neuroendocrine systems. Here we present a roadmap of the current models to facilitate the choice in preclinical and translational research with a focus on gut-on-chip. These micro physiological systems (MPS) are microfluidic devices that recapitulate in vitro the physiology of the intestine. We reviewed the gut-on-chips that had been developed in academia and industries as single chip and that have three main purpose: replicate the intestinal physiology, the intestinal pathological features, and for pharmacological tests.
4

Tottey, William, Nadia Gaci, Guillaume Borrel, Monique Alric, Paul W. O'Toole, and Jean-François Brugère. "In-vitro model for studying methanogens in human gut microbiota." Anaerobe 34 (August 2015): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2015.04.009.

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5

Bouillon, Grégoire, Olav Gåserød, Łukasz Krych, Josué L. Castro-Mejía, Witold Kot, Markku T. Saarinen, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Dennis S. Nielsen, and Fergal P. Rattray. "Modulating the Gut Microbiota with Alginate Oligosaccharides In Vitro." Nutraceuticals 3, no. 1 (December 26, 2022): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nutraceuticals3010003.

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Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) are non-digestible carbohydrates from brown kelp. As such, they are dietary fibers and may have prebiotic potential. Therefore, we investigated the capacity of gut bacteria to utilize AOS with single-strain cultures and as a complex bacterial community. Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Lacticaseibacillus casei and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei showed weak growth (relative to unsupplemented medium; p < 0.05) in the presence of AOS and alginate, while strong growth (p < 0.01) was observed for Bacteroides ovatus when grown with alginate as carbohydrate source. Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus hirae were for the first time reported to be able to grow on AOS. Further, AOS as substrate was investigated in a complex bacterial community with colonic fermentations in an in vitro gut model. The in vitro gut model indicated that AOS increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels in donors with a low endogenous SCFA production, but not to the same level as inulin. Bacteroides was found to dominate the bacteria community after in vitro gut simulation with alginate as substrate. Further, stimulation of Bacteroides was observed with AOS in the gut model for two out of three donors with the third donor being more resistant to change. Our results allowed the identification of AOS utilizers among common gut species. The results also demonstrated the capacity of AOS to elevate SCFA levels and positively modulate the gut microbiota during in vitro simulated colon fermentations, although some subjects appear to be resilient to perturbation via substrate changes.
6

Fournier, E., L. Etienne-Mesmin, S. Denis, C. Verdier, S. Chalancon, C. Durif, O. Uriot, M. Mercier-Bonin, and S. Blanquet-Diot. "Impact of polyethylene microplastics on human gut microbiota as assessed in an in vitro gut model." Toxicology Letters 350 (September 2021): S232—S233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(21)00781-5.

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7

Towfigh, Shirin, Tracy Heisler, David A. Rigberg, O. Joe Hines, Jason Chu, David W. McFadden, and Charles Chandler. "Intestinal Ischemia and the Gut–Liver Axis: An in Vitro Model." Journal of Surgical Research 88, no. 2 (February 2000): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jsre.1999.5767.

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8

Barrack, K., R. Valls, S. Surve, T. Hampton, and G. O’Toole. "520 Developing an in vitro model of the cystic fibrosis gut." Journal of Cystic Fibrosis 22 (October 2023): S275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1569-1993(23)01444-3.

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9

Lockman, K. A., N. Plevris, A. Pryde, P. Lee, P. Cowan, P. C. Hayes, C. Filippi, and J. N. Plevris. "Oleate upregulates lectin galactoside-binding soluble 2 (LGALS2) in in vitro model of cellular steatosis." Gut 60, Suppl 1 (March 13, 2011): A239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.2011.239301.505.

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10

Ames, Jennifer M., Anthony Wynne, Andrea Hofmann, Saskia Plos, and Glenn R. Gibson. "The effect of a model melanoidin mixture on faecal bacterial populationsin vitro." British Journal of Nutrition 82, no. 6 (December 1999): 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114599001749.

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The Maillard reaction produces coloured, macromolecular materials (melanoidins) in a variety of foods, on heating. Significant quantities may enter the human gut on a daily basis, but there is little information on their metabolism in the human colon. As the large bowel contains a diverse population of bacteria involved in normal bowel function, it is possible that melanoidins are metabolized therein. Depending on the bacteria involved, there may be disease or health implications. The aim of the present study was to usein vitromodels to determine the digestibility of melanoidins and the effect of melanoidins on colonic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. Melanoidins were prepared and the effects of simulated upper-gut secretions on their stability determined in a model system. The effects of faecal bacteria were also determined, in batch culture, with a combination of phenotypic and genotypic (probes) criteria being used to identify the microbial diversity involved. Simulation of peptic and pancreatic digestion showed that the melanoidins did not produce detectable amounts of low-molecular-mass degradation products. However, melanoidins affected the growth of gut bacteria during mixed culture growth. The effect was to cause a non-specific increase in the anaerobic bacteria enumerated. Thisin vitrostudy indicates that melanoidins can affect the growth of human large-bowel bacteria and serves to demonstrate possible effects that may occurin vivo. Given the large and varied number of food items that contain Maillard reaction products, this may have relevance for lower-gut health.
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Статті в журналах Дисертації Книги

Дисертації з теми "In vitro gut model":

1

Coussa-Charley, Michael. "A novel «in vitro» mucosal gut bacterial adhesion model." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106420.

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The gut bacterial system is truly a dynamic, complex organ. Although there is a constant flux of activity, the microflora can be considered as a bioreactor at a quasi-steady state throughout a person's life. In fact, the relative composition of different bacterial genera can lead directly to health or disease. By understanding how the gut is colonized and what can be administered to alter overall composition, one would be able to use the gut as a legitimate target for drug delivery. In vitro gut adhesion models have been developed exactly for this purpose however have several limitations. In this thesis, an attempt has been made to develop a new gut adhesion model that included several key components associated with bacterial adhesion to the gut mucosal lining. For this, mucus-coated beads were used to simulate the mucosal lining. As well, beads were incubated with intestinal bacteria from a fresh human fecal sample. In this way, one would be study to observe the interactions between different bacteria within the gut, and the interaction between these commensal bacteria and any potential therapeutic design. This new model is a continuous model, allowing for real-time analysis of the mucosal-associated flora. This will allow its use to understand the effect of different external factors over an indefinite experimental period on gut bacterial adhesion. Results demonstrated that this model was highly effective in providing a stable microbial ecosystem for a single bacterial strain or for a large number of aerobic or anaerobic bacteria. The model was also shown to perform very well over long-term studies. This model has numerous applications and includes the investigation of probiotics, prebiotics, and antibiotics on altering a mucosal-associated microflora. In this thesis, an attempt has been made to develop a model that included several key components associated with bacterial adhesion to the gut mucosal lining. For this, mucus-coated beads were used in order to simulate the mucosal lining. As well, beads were incubated with intestinal bacteria from a fresh human fecal sample. In this way, one would be study to observe the interactions between different bacteria within the gut, and the interaction between these commensal bacteria and any potential therapeutic design. Finally, the model is continuous, allowing for real-time analysis of the mucosal-associated flora while at the same time, allow the researcher to understand the effect of different external factors over an indefinite experimental period. Results demonstrated that the platform was highly effective in providing a stable microbial ecosystem for a single bacterial strain or for a large number of aerobic or anaerobic bacteria. The model was also shown to perform very well over long-term studies. This model has numerous applications and includes the investigation of probiotics, prebiotics, and antibiotics on altering a mucosal-associated microflora.
La flore intestinale est un organe dynamique et complexe qui se trouve à l'intérieur du tube digestif. Bien qu'il y ait un flux d'activité constant, la microflore peut être considérée comme un bioréacteur ayant un quasi état d'équilibre durant toute la vie d'une personne. En fait, la composition relative des différents types de bactéries est directement reliée à la santé de l'individu. En comprenant comment l'intestin est colonisé et ce qui peut être administré pour modifier sa composition générale, on serait en mesure de l'utiliser comme une cible légitime pour la livraison de médicaments. Des modèles in-vitro d'adhérence intestinale ont été mis au point exactement à cette fin. Un modèle comprenant plusieurs éléments clés associés à l'adhésion bactérienne sur la muqueuse intestinale a été développé pour cette thèse. Tout d'abord, des capsules d'alginates recouvertes de mucus ont été utilisées afin de simuler la muqueuse intestinale. En outre, ces capsules ont été incubés avec les bactéries intestinales à partir d'un échantillon frais provenant des fécales humaines. De cette façon, on serait en mesure d'observer les interactions entre les différentes bactéries dans l'intestin, et l'interaction que ces bactéries ont avec tout autre traitement. Finalement, ce modèle est continu, permettant une analyse en temps réel de la muqueuse associée à la flore et nous permet de comprendre l'éffet de différents facteurs environnementaux sur de longues périodes de temps. Les résultats ont démontré que la plate-forme a été très efficace dans la fourniture d'un écosystème stable microbien pour une seule souche bactérienne ou pour un grand nombre de bactéries aérobies ou anaérobies. Le modèle a également montré de très bonnes performances au cours des études à long terme en utilisant plusieurs échantillons pendant l'expérience. Les applications de ce modèle sont pratiquement infinies, et permettent notamment d'enquêter sur l'effet que les probiotiques, les prébiotiques, et les antibiotiques ont sur la modification d'une microflore associée à la muqueuse.
2

GARUGLIERI, ELISA. "EFFECTS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES ON IN VITRO GUT MICROBIAL MODELS AND OTHER ANAEROBIC ENVIRONMENTS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/488359.

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The impacts of AgNPs on both natural and engineered ecosystems is a topic of outstanding importance having socio-economic consequences on medical, industrial and environmental fields. Silver nanoparticles are widely used as antimicrobial agents in consumer products for domestic, environmental, medical, and industrial applications. Release of AgNPs from nanoenabled products has been observed, and the potential impacts of such releases on a wide variety of organisms at many trophic levels have been recognized. However, there has been little exploration of the impact of AgNPs on the microflora associated with living organisms and their environments. For instance, of special interest is the effects on the human microbiota considering the range of consumer goods that could be directly or indirectly ingested. Furthermore, most of the studies concerning toxic effects of AgNPs on biologic systems consider high NPs concentrations, while the effects of real environmental and dietary concentrations are still poorly investigated. Thus, the principal aim of my PhD project was to provide science-based evidence needed to elucidate the effects of sub-lethal concentrations of AgNPs on bacterial ecosystems, with the final goal of creating the scientific know-how to master biological processes and develop leading edge methodologies vital for the nanosafety assessment. In particular, I focused my attention on studying the response of in vitro gut microbial models and other anaerobic ecosystems to acute and chronic AgNPs exposures at vicinity of environmental and human intake concentrations. To this end, three different systems have been investigated: 1) Planktonic cultures of two well characterized bacterial strains (Chapter 3). The aim of this work was to compare the impacts of different sub-lethal AgNPs concentrations on the growth kinetic, adhesion ability, oxidative stress, and phenotypic changes of model bacteria under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. To gain a mechanistic insight, the experiments were conducted using two differ-ent microbial model systems: (i) a Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli representative of human intestinal flora and responsible for infection, and (ii) a Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis, wide-ly distributed in soil, freshwater, marine environments and used as a probiotic. I also established the minimum AgNPs sub-lethal concentration able to evoke effects on planktonic bacteria. 2) Biofilm cultures of the model bacterium Escherichia coli and their interplays with CaCo2 cells system (Chapter 4). The goal was to investigate the physiological response of a mono-species gut bio-film to chronic and acute exposure to 1 μg/mL AgNPs, and how this physiological response affected the intestinal epithelial cells. To study the interplays among sub-lethal concentrations of AgNPs, the gut biofilm and its host, a simplified experimental lab model system was designed and tested. 3) Human fecal microbiota in combination with the probiotic Bacillus subtilis (Chapter 5). I aimed to explore possible impacts of single and combined treatments of dietary AgNPs and the probiotic Ba-cillus subtilis to the composition, functional performances and microbial metabolites of in-vitro batch fecal fermentation models to mimic the human digestive tract environment. Furthermore, I investigat-ed their potential cytotoxicity and genotoxicity on the human intestinal Caco-2 cell line. These experimental designs were created to investigate microbial ecosystems of increasing complexity, assessing whether sub-lethal concentrations of AgNPs influence microbial physiology and behavior in such settings.
3

Gérémie, Lauriane. "Development of an in-vitro intestinal model featuring peristaltic motion." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses-intra.upmc.fr/modules/resources/download/theses/2019SORUS118.pdf.

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Le Gut-on-chip fait partie d'un thème de recherche plus générale, appelez Organ-on-chip qui a pour objectif de développer des modèles in-vitro qui récapitulent des caractéristiques essentielles de l'organe d'intérêt. Dans le cas de l'intestin, les Gut-on-chip plateformes ont été principalement développés pour reconstituer soit l'architecture 3D de l'intestin, soit sa dynamique et plus particulièrement le péristaltisme. Durant ma thèse j'ai développé une nouvelle et polyvalente Gut-on-chip, présentant ces deux aspects du micro-environnement intestinale. Cette Peristalsis-on-chip nous a permis d'étudier l'influence du mouvement péristaltique sur le comportement cellulaire en fonction de la géométrie de la structure. Pour cette étude nous avons ensemencé des cellules Caco2 sur des substrats 2D ou 3D recouvert de laminine et les avons soumis à un étirement cyclique (à 0.2 Hz et 10\%) pendant 2, 5, 8, 16, 24 et 48 heures. Lors de ces expériences nous avons pu observer une réorientation cellulaire perpendiculaire à l'axe d'étirement que nous avons caractérisé en fonction des conditions de recouvrement, de la confluence initiale, du temps d'étirement et de la géométrie de la structure. Il est intéressant de noter que la réponse cellulaire la plus importante a été obtenue par la combinaison de la géométrie 3D et de l'étirement, ce qui illustre bien le besoin de ces deux éléments pour mieux mimer les conditions intestinales in vivo
My PhD work is part of the organ-on-chip field, and more precisely part of the gut-on-chip field. It is in line with the main objective of this field, which is the development of in-vitro models recapitulating as faithfully as possible the intestinal micro-environment. Through my PhD work I first developed a versatile gut-on-chip platform recapitulating the intestinal 3D architecture as well as its dynamic micro-environment. Therefore, this platform allows us to study the influence of the intestinal dynamic, especially the peristalsis, on cellular behavior in function of the 3D architecture of the scaffold. For this study Caco2 cells have been seeded either on a 2D or a 3D scaffold coated with laminin and submitted to a cyclic stretching (at 0.2 Hz and 10%) for 2, 5, 8, 16, 24 and 48 hours. Our main observation was the cellular reorientation induced by the stretching, therefore we characterized the cell behavior in function of the coating condition, the initial confluency, the stretching time and the scaffold geometry. Interestingly, the strongest cellular response was obtained when the 3D geometry and the stretching was combined illustrating the need of these two stimuli to better mimic the intestinal in vivo conditions
4

Crowther, Grace. "Development and characterisation of an in vitro human gut model to study the biofilm mode of growth of Clostridium difficile and the indigenous gut microbiota." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5736/.

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Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is associated with significant patient morbidity, mortality and financial burden. Until recently, antimicrobial treatment options were limited to metronidazole and vancomycin, but both agents are associated with recurrence rates of approximately 20%. The human gastrointestinal tract harbours a complex microbial community which exist in planktonic and sessile form. Sessile organisms are known to cause chronic infection such as cystic fibrosis. Mucosal biofilms exist on surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract, but the existence and role of C. difficile in these structures remains unknown. The present study describes the process undertaken to adapt and validate an in vitro human gut model to study the planktonic and biofilm mode of growth of C. difficile and the indigenous gut microbiota. A triple stage chemostat gut model, primed with a human faecal emulsion was used to induce and treat simulated CDI. A glass rod system was incorporated into the third vessel to facilitate the formation and subsequent analysis of mixed-species biofilms. Sessile and planktonic gut microbiota and C. difficile populations within an in vitro gut model are similar in the absence of antimicrobial intervention. Differences in behaviours of the two modes of growth are evident upon antimicrobial administration, with a delayed response in sessile populations. The sessile mode of growth of C. difficile within mature biofilm structures is complex and variable. Within the redesigned biofilm gut model, sessile C. difficile remained in spore form for the duration of the experiment, despite induction of simulated CDI, treatment of CDI and recurrence of disease evident within planktonic communities. Recalcitrant spores within biofilms may be seeded into the planktonic fluid of the gut model after apparent successful initial treatment and contribute to recurrence of CDI. The role of sessile C. difficile in recurrent CDI should be further investigated.
5

VERDILE, NICOLE. "MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE RAINBOW TROUT GUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) TO DEVELOP A PREDICTIVE IN VITRO INTESTINAL MODEL." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/928771.

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To obtain an adequate comprehension of the intestinal morphology and function, I performed a detailed morphological evaluation of the intestinal epithelial cells lining the rainbow trout gut. This was obtained through histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical observation, accurate stereological analysis, morphometric measurements, and fine qualitative and quantitative characterization of goblet cells secreting activity at typical time points of in vivo feeding trials (50, 150 and 500 g). The gross anatomy of the rainbow trout gut corresponds to the general description of the organ in teleost fish. It consists of a proximal intestine with annexed pyloric caeca, easily distinguishable from the distal intestine, which presents a larger diameter, dark pigmentation, and circularly arranged blood vessels. Microscopically, the proximal intestine was characterized by simple folds whereas the distal intestine displayed a more complicated mucosa arrangement. In fact, this latter, was defined by the presence of peculiar complex folds from which other simpler originated. While only minor changes took place along the classical time points of in vivo feeding trials, two morphological and functional compartments not linearly distributed were observed along the trout gut. The first included the proximal intestine and the apical part of the complex folds of the distal portion. This was characterized by abundant and actively secreting goblet cells, no pinocytotic vacuoles, high expression of three defined functional enterocytes markers (PepT1, Sglt1 and Fabp2), low proliferation rate, few round apoptotic cells and an extended area of fully differentiated cells. The other, comprised the basal part of the complex folds and the pyloric caeca and was defined by few goblet cells with deflated mucus vacuoles, pinocytotic vacuolization, weak expression of the classical functional enterocytes markers, high proliferation and apoptotic rate and by a smaller extension of fully differentiated epithelial cells. The presence of these Chapter 2 23 distinct morphological and functional compartments suggest that digestive and absorptive function are mingled along the trout gut and that possibly in this species, the proximal intestine extend itself in the distal portion of the intestine to maximize its absorptive capacity [65]. To achieve a better knowledge of the cellular and molecular mechanisms implied in the intestinal homeostasis preservation and to further investigate the two different renewal rate previously observed, I performed a detailed qualitative description of the organization of the intestinal epithelial stem cell (IESC) niche and their regulatory molecules. To this end, the typical mouse ISCs markers (LGR5, HOPX, SOX9, NOTCH1, DLL1, and WNT3A) have been selected as target genes, and subsequently their expression have been localized along the different portions of the trout gut trough in situ hybridization. All the target genes were expressed also in rainbow trout intestine. However, considering their typical position in mouse, we highlighted substantial differences. Lgr5+ cells were rare but surprisingly in RT were located along the folds’ stroma rather than restricted in the crypt epithelium. The folds’ connective axis hosted also scattered notch1+ as well as wnt3a+ cells where they colocalized with lgr5+ cells. Interestingly, also in mouse these markers colocalize, even if this occurs in the epithelium lining the crypt base. Moreover, close to lgr5+ stromal cell population we observed elongated, epithelial cells expressing dll1. This marker in mouse is selectively expressed by Paneth cells at the crypt bottom. Despite the different spatial position of dll1+ cells in mouse and rainbow trout, it is interesting to note that in both species lgr5 and dll1 are expressed by cells topographically close each other, suggesting a functional interaction. Moreover, the epithelium lining the intestinal folds base in rainbow trout showed exclusively positivity to sox9. Particularly, here, we observed slender cells expressing sox9 at high level, strongly reminiscent of the crypt base columnar cells (CBCs) cells described in mouse intestinal crypts. Sox9 expression tended to disappeared outside del fold base to give way to hopx which was abundantly detected along the folds rather than restricted to the +4 position as described in mouse. Based on these observation, it is reasonable to assume that in this species Chapter 3 66 the functional equivalent of lgr5 is sox9, since sox9+ cells showed the typical location and shape of CBCs in mouse intestine. Whereas, lgr5 expressed by a stromal population along the folds could represent a specific mesenchymal subsets involved in the maintenance of the folds tip epithelium. To expand and integrate our previous findings describing the organization and the architecture of the RT stem cell niche, here I performed a detailed qualitative analysis of the distribution of the stromal component of the niche and in particular of telocytes (TC) as active player of the intestinal homeostasis maintenance. To this purpose, specific histological staining for the connective tissue and ultrastructural analysis have been performed. Furthermore, since the mouse is the species in which the mesenchymal component of the niche has been studied most, I selected the typical mouse TC markers (PDGFRα and FOLX1) as target genes, and I verified their topographical localization through fluorescence in situ hybridization. In addition, I studied their spatial distribution in relation with the epithelial components of the stem cell niche. Our results indicated the presence of slender elongated cells, distributed juxtaposed the enterocytes’ basement membrane creating an intricate mesh extending from the folds base to their apex. TEM analysis confirmed the identity of this cell population as TC; indeed, they possessed the distinctive features of this cell type, including a voluminous nucleus and limited cytoplasm from which long thin discontinuous branches develop. Moreover, in the close proximity of telocytes, I observed extracellular vesicles suggesting their functional implication in long distance cell-to-cell communication. In situ localization of pdgfrα transcripts highlighted two distinct pdgfrα+ cell populations, one displaying the typical morphology and position of TC, and another expressing pdgfrα at lower level and not possessing the distinctive TC morphological features and therefore considered as common fibroblasts. In situ localization of foxl1 transcripts revealed that foxl1+ cells were rare and distributed in the peri-epithelial space both at the folds base and along the folds length. In both locations, foxl1 was always co-expressed with pdgfrα, indicating the existence of a small functional telocytes subset. Basal TC were in the proximity of actively cycling intestinal stem cells, suggesting a possible interaction through short-range signaling. Their morphology and distribution at the basal and apical portion of the intestinal folds were identical to those observed in the mouse. This allows us to infer that also in RT, as in mouse, telocytes stimulate either cell proliferation or cell differentiation depending on their topographical location. Altogether, these results substantially improve our understanding of the molecular mechanism and of the cell types involved in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. As mentioned above, despite the complexity organization of the RT mucosa, the development of an in vitro tool able to retain similarities with the in vivo counterpart, would be a helpful tool for the rapid screen of several alternatives feeds implied in aquaculture. After several attempts, two novel cells line belonging from proximal (RTpi-MI) and distal (RTdi-MI) intestine of RT were successfully derived and characterized. Therefore, based on the extensive morphological and functional characterization of the RT mucosa in vivo, in this thesis several efforts have been also dedicated to the derivation of new stable cell lines. Then, they have been compared with the only continuous cell line that so far has been established from rainbow trout intestine (RTgutGC). Gene expression analysis demonstrated that all the cell line presented both epithelial and mesenchymal components. However, despite all of them displayed an epithelial component, this was significantly higher in the RTpiMI. Moreover, they also expressed the typical enterocytes’ functional markers (PepT1 and Sglt1) suggesting their suitability as a model of in vitro absorption. Furthermore, all the cell lines preserved both stem cells and differentiating cell types. High seeding density induced their differentiation into more mature phenotypes, as indicated by the simultaneously downregulation of intestinal stem cell-related genes (i.e., sox9, hopx and lgr5) and upregulation of alkaline phosphatase activity. Nevertheless, among the three cell lines most parameters that we analyzed were conserved, some significant differences were observed. Therefore, this suggests that some typical features that characterize the two main intestinal portions are also preserved in vitro. Moreover, since only a mild stimulus was able to induce their differentiation it would be interesting to further explore these mechanisms using more controlled and sophisticated culture systems.
6

Tuohy, K. "Measurement of DNA transfer in the gut using in vitro and in vivo models." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322465.

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7

Shah, Pranjul, Joëlle V. Fritz, Enrico Glaab, Mahesh S. Desai, Kacy Greenhalgh, Audrey Frachet, Magdalena Niegowska, et al. "A microfluidics-based in vitro model of the gastrointestinal human–microbe interface." NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614760.

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Changes in the human gastrointestinal microbiome are associated with several diseases. To infer causality, experiments in representative models are essential, but widely used animal models exhibit limitations. Here we present a modular, microfluidics-based model (HuMiX, human-microbial crosstalk), which allows co-culture of human and microbial cells under conditions representative of the gastrointestinal human-microbe interface. We demonstrate the ability of HuMiX to recapitulate in vivo transcriptional, metabolic and immunological responses in human intestinal epithelial cells following their co-culture with the commensal Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) grown under anaerobic conditions. In addition, we show that the co-culture of human epithelial cells with the obligate anaerobe Bacteroides caccae and LGG results in a transcriptional response, which is distinct from that of a co-culture solely comprising LGG. HuMiX facilitates investigations of host-microbe molecular interactions and provides insights into a range of fundamental research questions linking the gastrointestinal microbiome to human health and disease.
8

Vangala, Swathi. "Human Cytochrome P450 3A4 Over-Expressing IEC-18 and MDCK Cell Lines as an In-Vitro Model to Assess Gut Permeability and the Enzyme Metabolism." Scholarly Commons, 2013. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/273.

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Purpose. The fate of an orally administered drug is dependent on many parameters before it can reach the systemic circulation, including drug absorption and first-pass metabolism in the gut and the liver. Mammalian cells lines such as MDCK and Caco-2 are commonly employed to assess drug permeability but they lack or have low expression level of drug metabolism enzyme expression such as CYP3A4, which contributes to significant first-pass gut and liver metabolism for many drugs. Consequently, these cell lines are not sufficient to integrate metabolism when assessing drug absorption. Here, we tested MDCK and IEC-18 cells transiently over-expressing CYP3A4 as models that can simultaneously assay a compound's permeability and metabolism potential in a single experiment. Method. A recombinant adenovirus carrying the hCYP3A4 cDNA was constructed according to Stratagene's AdEasy XL Adenoviral system. This adenovirus was used to transiently transfect hCYP3A4 into MDCK and IEC-18 cells. Western blot was performed to assess the level of hCYP3A4 expression in the wild type and CYP3A4 over-expressing IEC-18 and MDCK cells. In situ metabolism and transport studies were performed with wild-types and IEC-18-3A4 or MDCK-3A4 cells. Results. The amount of CYP3A4 present in MDCK-3A4 cells was 250 times to that of wild type cells which 1/4th the amount present in human liver microsomes. The amount of CYP3A4 present in IEC-18-3A4 cells was 150 times to that of wild type cells which 1/6th the amount present in human liver microsomes. In metabolism studies, there was higher formation of metabolites in cells transfected with hCYP3A4 compared to controls. In addition, apical to basal transport studies of several drugs in IEC-18-3A4 and MDCK-3A4 showed increased appearance of metabolites compared to the wild-type cells. Conclusions. This model may be a useful to assess the extent of drug absorption into systemic circulation after oral administration.
9

Deschamps, Charlotte. "Impact du poids corporel et d'une perturbation antibiotique sur le microbiote intestinal du chien : simulation in vitro et stratégies de restauration." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UCFA0055.

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Différentes tailles de chiens sont associées à des variations de la physiologie digestive, principalement liées au colon et à ses microorganismes résidents. Ce microbiote intestinal joue un rôle clé en santé, soutenant les processus nutritionnels, immunologiques et physiologiques. Néanmoins, les maladies ou l'antibiothérapie peuvent altérer l'équilibre microbien et induire un état perturbé appelé dysbiose. Pour restaurer l'eubiose du microbiote, de nouvelles stratégies de restauration ont été développées telles que les pré, pro ou postbiotiques. Cependant, peu d'études ont évalué leurs effets sur le microbiote dans le cadre de l'antibiothérapie. Cette thèse entre l'unité Microbiologie, Environnement digestif et Santé de l'Université Clermont Auvergne et les deux sociétés Lallemand Animal Nutrition et Dômes Pharma, visait à étudier l'impact du poids corporel et des antibiotiques sur le microbiote colique canin, ainsi que le potentiel de stratégies de restauration microbienne, à l'aide de modèles intestinaux in vitro.Cette thèse a commencé par évaluer l'impact de différentes méthodes de stockage des échantillons fécaux (congélation 48 h à -80°C, 48 h à -80°C avec du glycérol ou lyophilisation avec maltodextrine/tréhalose) sur la cinétique de colonisation du microbiote et ses activités métaboliques dans Mucosal Artificial Colon (M-ARCOL). Par rapport aux selles fraîches, l'inoculation avec des selles congelées brutes est apparue comme la meilleure option. Grâce à une revue de la littérature, le modèle a été adapté pour reproduire les paramètres nutritionnels, physicochimiques et microbiens spécifiques des conditions du petit, moyen et grand chien dans un nouveau modèle appelé Canine M-ARCOL (CANIM-ARCOL), validé avec des comparaisons in vitro-in vivo. Ceci a permis de reproduire in vitro l'augmentation de la production des principaux acides gras à chaîne courte (AGCC), et la prolifération des Bacteroidota et Firmicutes observées in vivo. Puis, le modèle a permis de réaliser une étude mécanistique, révélant que les paramètres nutritionnels et physicochimiques façonnent l'activité du microbiote associé à la taille du chien, mais que l'inoculum fécal est nécessaire pour reproduire sa composition. Enfin, notre modèle a été adapté pour reproduire la dysbiose induite par les antibiotiques. Conformément aux données in vivo, l'antibiothérapie a induit la prolifération des Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae et Lactobacillaceae, tandis que la diversité et la production d'AGCC diminuaient. Des effets similaires mais moindres ont été observés dans le microbiote mucosal. Enfin, nous avons évalué l'effet de Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-1079 et de Lactobacillus helveticus HA-122 tyndallisée sur la résistance du microbiote pendant le traitement antibiotique et la résilience après celui-ci. Les deux stratégies ont réduit la prolifération des Enterobacteriaceae pendant l'antibiothérapie et permis au cours des deux premiers jours, une résilience plus rapide de la composition et l'activité du microbiote, dans le lumen et le mucus.Ce travail a fourni des informations pionnières et significatives sur l'impact de la taille du chien et de l'antibiothérapie sur la composition et l'activité du microbiote luminal et mucosal du colon canin, comblant les lacunes dans ces domaines. Ces travaux améliorent la compréhension de la résilience du microbiote en réponse aux perturbations antibiotiques. Dans un futur proche, en accord avec les règles européennes 3R visant à réduire les expérimentations animales, nos approches in vitro pourraient être utilisées pour des études mécanistiques des interactions entre nutriments, additifs alimentaires ou produits vétérinaires et microbiote. De telles expériences pourraient être réalisées en situations saines ou perturbées (obésité, maladies inflammatoires de l'intestin ou entéropathies chroniques), en tenant compte des variabilités interindividuelles pour progresser vers une nutrition et une médecine personnalisées
Different dog sizes are associated with variations in digestive physiology, mainly related to the large intestine and its resident microorganisms. This gut microbiota plays a key role in animal health, supporting nutritional, immunological and physiological processes. Nevertheless, diseases or antibiotherapy can disturb microbial equilibrium and induce a perturbated state called dysbiosis. To restore microbiota eubiosis, new restorations strategies have been developed such as pre-, pro- or postbiotics. However, very few studies have evaluated their effects on gut microbiota in the context of antibiotherapy. This joint PhD between the Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health unit from Université Clermont Auvergne and the two compagnies Lallemand Animal Nutrition and Dômes Pharma, aimed to investigate the impact of body weight and antibiotic disturbance on canine colonic microbiota, as well as the potential of microbial restoration strategies, using in vitro gut models.This thesis started by evaluating the impact of different methods for faecal sample storage (48-h freezing -80°C, 48-h -80°C with glycerol or lyophilization with maltodextrin/trehalose) on the kinetics of microbiota colonization and metabolic activities in the Mucosal Artificial Colon (M-ARCOL). Compared to fresh stools, inoculating with raw frozen stool without cryoprotectant was the best option among those tested. Second, thanks to a large literature review, the M-ARCOL model was adapted to reproduce the main nutritional, physicochemical and microbial parameters specific from small, medium and large size conditions in a new model called Canine M-ARCOL (CANIM-ARCOL), further validated through in vitro-in vivo comparisons. This adaptation allowed to reproduce in vitro the increase in Bacteroidota and Firmicutes abundances and higher main short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations observed in vivo. Then, we used the CANIM-ARCOL to perform a mechanistic study, which revealed that nutritional and physicochemical parameters are enough to shape microbiota activity according to dog size, but faecal inoculum was necessary to reproduce size-related microbiota composition. The next step was to adapt the CANIM-ARCOL to diseased situation, focusing on antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. In accordance with in vivo data, antibiotherapy induced an increase in Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae and Lactobacillaceae relative abundances while alpha-diversity and SCFA production decreased. Similar but lower effects were observed in mucus-associated microbiota. Lastly, we evaluated the effect of the live probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-1079 and the heat-inactivated bacteria Lactobacillus helveticus HA-122 on microbiota resistance during antibiotic treatment and resilience afterwards. Of interest, both microbial strategies decreased the Enterobacteriaceae bloom during antibiotherapy and allowed, in the first two days, a quicker recovery of microbiota composition and activity, in both the luminal and mucosal compartments.This PhD work provided pioneering and significant insights into the impact of dog size and antibiotherapy on canine colonic luminal and mucus-associated microbiota composition and activity, filling gaps in knowledge in these fields. This work also contributed to a better understanding of microbiota resilience in response to antibiotic disturbance. In a near future, in accordance with the European 3R's rules aiming to reduce at a maximum animal experiments, our in vitro approaches could be used for mechanistic studies on the interactions between nutrients, feed additives or veterinary products and canine colonic microbiota. Such experiments could be performed under healthy but also disturbed gut microbial situations (including obesity, inflammatory bowel diseases or chronic enteropathies), always considering interindividual variabilities to move towards personalized nutrition and medicine
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MANCINO, ROBERTA. "Influence of cow diet on nutritional profile of milk and dairy products and effects on alterations of human gut microbiota by an in vitro digestion model." Doctoral thesis, Università di Foggia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11369/363264.

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I consumatori richiedono costantemente la presenza sul mercato di alimenti salutistici, che in termini di latte e prodotti lattiero-caseari si traducono in un latte con percentuali più elevate di acidi grassi “sani” come gli acidi grassi polinsaturi (PUFA), ed una più bassa percentuale di acidi grassi saturi (SFA). Il latte e prodotti lattiero-caseari contribuiscono in modo significativo all’assorbimento di sostanze nutritive essenziali nella dieta. Nonostante ciò, il consumo di latte ha fatto registrare un’inflessione a causa delle linee guida nutrizionali che suggeriscono di limitare il consumo pro capite di SFA, che per una parte significativa provengono da latte e derivati (USDA e HHS, 2010). Una strategia per migliorare il profilo di FA di latte e prodotti lattiero-caseari è l'integrazione della dieta bovina con semi oleaginosi, che diminuiscono la percentuale di SFA nel latte, diminuendo la sintesi de novo di FA nella ghiandola mammaria. Da precedenti sperimentazioni emerge che la supplementazione di semi di lino nella dieta delle bovine da latte riduce le concentrazioni di acidi grassi a corta catena corta e acidi grassi a media catena, ed aumenta il contenuto di acidi grassi a lunga catena nel grasso del latte. Tuttavia, l’inclusione dei semi oleaginosi, in particolare dei semi di lino, nella dieta della vacca da latte, scoraggia gli allevatori dal loro utilizzo, a causa del costo molto elevato. É necessario, quindi, trovare un compromesso tra costi aggiuntivi stimati e la giusta quantità di semi oleaginosi da somministrare nella dieta degli animali per migliorare la produzione di latte e la sua composizione. In Italia, circa l'80% delle aziende lattiero-casearie utilizza vacche di razza Frisona per la produzione lattea da destinare sia al consumo diretto che alla produzione di formaggio. Le bovine di razza Jersey vengono utilizzate per migliorare l'efficienza del settore della produzione di formaggio in diverse parti del mondo. Il tratto gastrointestinale costituisce la più grande interfaccia del corpo con l'ambiente esterno ed è esposto ad una grande quantità di materiale estraneo, inclusi batteri patogeni e commensali, così come antigeni alimentari. La tolleranza orale è una proprietà importante del sistema immunitario intestinale; l’omeostasi intestinale richiede interazioni equilibrate tra il microbiota intestinale e gli antigeni alimentari. Alla nascita, siamo colonizzati da una complessa comunità di cellule mcrobiche che arriva fino a una densità di 1 × 1012 cellule batteriche per grammo di microbi contenuti nel colon adulto. Queste cellule microbiche vivono in una relazione simbiotica con l'ospite e sono determinanti in materia di salute e di malattia, influenzando l'assorbimento dei nutrienti, la funzione di barriera e lo sviluppo del sistema immunitario. Sulla base delle considerazioni precedenti gli scopi del presente lavoro di tesi sono: 1. cercare di ridurre la quantità giornaliera di semi di lino somministrati agli animali per incoraggiare il loro utilizzo da parte degli allevatori per aumentare il contenuto di acidi grassi polinsaturi nel latte a scapito degli acidi grassi saturi con una connotazione salutistica del latte prodotto; 2. testare gli effetti della somministrazione di semi di lino su due diverse razze da latte: Frisona e Jersey; 3. valutare il trasferimento di acidi grassi polinsaturi in due diversi prodotti lattiero-caseari (Caciotta vs Caciocavallo) con tempi di stagionatura diversi; 4. valutare gli effetti dei prodotti lattiero-caseari naturalmente arricchiti in acidi grassi polinsaturi sulla salute umana di un modello di digestione in vitro con la valutazione di: a) variazioni di profilo degli acidi grassi di prodotti lattiero-caseari dopo la digestione in vitro; b) acidi grassi a catena corta (SCFA) prodotti dal gut microbiota; c) variazioni della flora intestinale tramite fermentazione fecale seguito da pirosequenziamento. Dai risultati ottenuti il contenuto elevato di latte C18:3n3 nel latte suggerisce che la riduzione della quantità di supplementazione di semi di lino nella dieta delle bovine può migliorare latte profilo di acidi grassi con una consistente riduzione dei costi di produzione; le razze sottoposet alla sperimentazione, Frisona e Jersey hanno risposto in modo diverso alla stessa supplementazione di semi di lino. Gli acidi grassi polinsaturi sono stati trasferiti nei prodotti lattiero caseari, soprattutto nella Caciotta, suggerendo un ruolo determinante del protocollo di caseificazione nel trasferimento della tipologia di acido grasso della dieta. Dopo la digestione in vitro, gli acidi grassi rimangono nel digerito gastro-intestinale; la loro presenza può avere effetti benefici sul tratto gastrointestinale e di conseguenza sulla salute umana. Inoltre la presenza e la quantità di acidi grassi a catena corta (SCFA) ritrovata nei fermentati fecali suggeriscono alcuni cambiamenti delle popolazioni microbiche indotte dalla presenza dei prodotti lattiero caseari sperimentali, lasciando intravedere importanti effetti benefici sulla salute umana.
Health-conscious consumers are demanding milk with higher proportions of healthy fatty acids as polyunsatured fatty acids (PUFA), and lower proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA). Milk and dairy products contribute significantly to the consumption of essential nutrients in human populations. Despite its important roles in human nutrition, consumption of milk has declined, because nutritional guidelines have limited capita consumption of SFA, which to a significant proportion originate from milk and dairy products (USDA and HHS, 2010). A strategy to improve the FA profile of milk and dairy products is the supplementation of cow’s diet with oilseeds, which decrease the proportion of SFA, by decreasing de novo FA synthesis in the mammary gland. Feeding flaxseed to dairy cows decreases the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids and medium chain fatty acids and increases the long-chain fatty acid content in milk fat. However, oilseeds, and in particular flaxseed, have a very high costs that discourage farmers in their utilization. It’s necessary, therefore to find a compromise between costs and the right amount to be administered in the diet to the animals to ameliorate milk yield and composition. In Italy, about 80% of dairy farms produce milk of Friesian cows both for direct consumption and for cheese production. Jersey breed and it has been used to improve the efficiency of the cheesemaking sector in different part of the world, and is characterized by improved longevity, superior udder health, higher cheese yield, reduced feed and water requirement. The gastrointestinal tract constitutes the body’s largest interface with the external environment and is exposed to a vast amount of foreign material, including pathogenic and commensal bacteria, as well as food antigens. Oral tolerance is an important property of the gut immune system; intestinal homeostasis requires balanced interactions between the gut microbiota, dietary antigens. At birth, we are colonized with a complex community of microbes that reaches up to a density of 1 × 1012 bacterial cells per grams of content in the adult colon. These microbes live in a symbiotic relationship with the host and they are determinants in health and disease influencing nutrient absorption, barrier function and immune development. On the basis of the previous considerations and considering that oil seeds are expensive and many farmers are reluctant to use them the aims of this PhD thesis are: 1. trying to reduce the daily amount of flaxseed administered to animals in order to increase the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk at the expense of saturated fatty acids, and to encourage its utilization by farmers as supplements to dairy cows with a reduction of management costs; 2. testing the effects of flaxseed administration on two different dairy cows breeds: Friesian and Jersey; 3. evaluating the transferring of polyunsaturated fatty acids in two different dairy products (Caciotta vs Caciocavallo) at different ripening time; 4. evaluating the effects of dairy products naturally enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids on human health by an in vitro digestion model with the evaluation of changes in: a) fatty acid profile of dairy products after in vitro digestion; b) short chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced by gut microbiota; c) changes in gut microbiota populations by fecal fermentation followed by pyrosequencing. The higher milk content of C18:3n3 in milk suggests that the reduction in the amount of flaxseed supplementation can also improve milk fatty acid profile with a consistent reduction of production costs; however, Friesian and Jersey cows replied differently to the same flaxseed supplementation; Polyunsatured fatty acids are transferred into dairy products, especially in Caciotta cheese, suggesting that probably the different cheese making influenced the transferring. After in vitro digestion, fatty acids remain in the digest; their presence can have beneficial effects on the gastrointestinal tract and consequently on human health. Moreover the presence and the amount of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) could suggest some changes of microbiological populations that could have beneficial effects on human health.
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Книги з теми "In vitro gut model":

1

1947-, McQueen Charlene A., ed. In vitro toxicology: Model systems and methods. Caldwell, N.J: Telford Press, 1989.

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Husain, Irfana Shaheen. The development of an in vitro caries model. [Toronto: Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto], 1992.

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3

Starkey, Rosalind F. Cellular interactions in an in vitro model of implantation. Manchester: Universityof Manchester, 1993.

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4

Kulkeaw, Kasem. Emergence of In Vitro 3D Systems to Model Human Malaria. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0691-8.

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5

Falk Symposium (94th 1996 Freiburg, Germany). The gut as a model in cell and molecular biology. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997.

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6

Mahendra, Ahalya. The role of ILK in an in vitro model of renal branching morphogenesis. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2003.

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7

Amin, Iqbal Ibn. Quantitative studies on early invasive events of salmonella typhimurium in functioning gut in vitro in the context ofgastroenteritis. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1993.

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8

Carter, Kevin. In-vitro investigation of electric toothbrushes and development of an artificial plaque model system. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2000.

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9

Ozolinš, Terence Robert Stanislavs. Interspecies co-culture of embryos and maternal hepatocytes: An in vitro model of phenytoin embryotoxicity. Toronto, Ont: Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 1990.

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10

Lai, Laura R. B. Protein oxidation occurs in cardiomyocytes exposed to an in vitro model of hypoxia/reperfusion injury. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1996.

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Частини книг з теми "In vitro gut model":

1

Kabok, Zita, Thomas H. Ermak, and Jacques Pappo. "Microdissected Domes from Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissues: A Model of M Cell Transepithelial Transport In Vitro." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 235–38. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1941-6_49.

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2

Bronaugh, Robert L. "In Vitro Viable Skin Model." In Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 375–86. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1863-5_20.

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3

Vieira, Adriana, Ana Gramacho, Dora Rolo, Nádia Vital, Maria João Silva, and Henriqueta Louro. "Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Toxicity of Ingested Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 225–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88071-2_10.

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AbstractAn exponential increase in products containing titanium dioxide nanomaterials (TiO2), in agriculture, food and feed industry, lead to increased oral exposure to these nanomaterials (NMs). Thus, the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) emerges as a possible route of exposure that may drive systemic exposure, if the intestinal barrier is surpassed. NMs have been suggested to produce adverse outcomes, such as genotoxic effects, that are associated with increased risk of cancer, leading to a concern for public health. However, to date, the differences in the physicochemical characteristics of the NMs studied and other variables in the test systems have generated contradictory results in the literature. Processes like human digestion may change the NMs characteristics, inducing unexpected toxic effects in the intestine. Using TiO2 as case-study, this chapter provides a review of the works addressing the interactions of NMs with biological systems in the context of intestinal tract and digestion processes, at cellular and molecular level. The knowledge gaps identified suggest that the incorporation of a simulated digestion process for in vitro studies has the potential to improve the model for elucidating key events elicited by these NMs, advancing the nanosafety studies towards the development of an adverse outcome pathway for intestinal effects.
4

Ventura, Marco, Francesca Turroni, Angela Ribbera, Elena Foroni, and Douwe van Sinderen. "Bifi dobacteria: the Model Human Gut Commensal." In Therapeutic Microbiology, 35–50. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555815462.ch4.

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5

Rossini, Valerio, and Ken Nally. "Model for Murine Gut Colonization by Bifidobacteria." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 131–39. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1274-3_11.

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6

Bruce, Jessica, Gerard E. Kaiko, and Simon Keely. "Isolation and In Vitro Culture of Human Gut Progenitor Cells." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 49–62. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9631-5_5.

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7

Thagard, Paul, and A. David Nussbaum. "Fear-Driven Inference: Mechanisms of Gut Overreaction." In Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology, 43–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37428-9_3.

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8

Rajamannan, Nalini M. "In Vitro Model of Drug Testing." In Molecular Biology of Valvular Heart Disease, 127–30. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6350-3_15.

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9

Hui, Wang, and Tim E. Cawston. "In Vitro Model of Cartilage Degradation." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 341–48. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-299-5_20.

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10

Pfisterer, Larissa, and Thomas Korff. "Spheroid-Based In Vitro Angiogenesis Model." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 167–77. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3628-1_11.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "In vitro gut model":

1

Ahallil, Hammad, Aminah Abdullah, Mohamad Yusof Maskat, and Shahrul R. Sarbini. "Fermentation of gum arabic by gut microbiota using in vitro colon model." In THE 2018 UKM FST POSTGRADUATE COLLOQUIUM: Proceedings of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology 2018 Postgraduate Colloquium. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5111252.

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2

Kawahara, Mitsuki, Shun Itai, and Hiroaki Onoe. "Tube-Shaped In-Vitro Intestinal Gut Model with 3D Isotropic Medium Supply for Bacterial Symbiosis." In 2022 IEEE 35th International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems Conference (MEMS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mems51670.2022.9699523.

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Wendner, Dominik, Elisabeth Mayer, and Klaus Teichmann. "In vitro effects of a phytogenic feed additive in a co-culture model of the piglet gut." In GA – 69th Annual Meeting 2021, Virtual conference. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1736813.

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4

Žukauskaitė, K., C. Pacher, S. Kofler, I. Balazs, A. Horvath, and V. Stadlbauer. "Establishment of an in vitro microbiome model of the human gut microbiome using the DASbox mini bioreactor system." In 56. Jahrestagung & 33. Fortbildungskurs der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie & Hepatologie – ÖGGH & ˶Pre˵ Symposium der young ÖGGH. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1769043.

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5

Mokhtar, Norfilza, Konken Wong, and Raja Affendi Raja Ali. "IDDF2019-ABS-0227 Manipulation of Gut Microbiota in Vitro Model of Colorectal Cancer: Strong Adherence Ability of Lactobacillus Rhamnosus." In International Digestive Disease Forum (IDDF) 2019, Hong Kong, 8–9 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-iddfabstracts.43.

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6

Novak, B., T. Kaschubek, J. Stelzer, G. Schatzmayr, and E. Mayer. "Milk thistle extract showed antioxidant properties and protective effect on the gut barrier function in a porcine in vitro model." In GA 2017 – Book of Abstracts. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608286.

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Moens, Frédéric, Pieter Van den Abbeele, Maria-Emanuela Maxan, Bethlehem Arefaine, Jawal Said, Abdul W. Basit, Simon Gaisford, and Vishal C. Patel. "P23 Influence of a multi-strain probiotic on gut microbiome modulation and metabolic function, epithelial tight junction integrity and intestinal inflammation utilising a multi-compartmental in-vitro gut model of decompensated cirrhosis." In Abstracts of the British Association for the Study of the Liver Annual Meeting, 20–23 September 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2022-basl.74.

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8

Jian, Tan Wei, Norfilza Mohd Mokhtar, Raja Affendi Raja Ali, and Wong Kon Ken. "IDDF2018-ABS-0149 Manipulation of gut microbiota in in vitro model of colorectal cancer: positive effects of lactobacillus rhamnosus against fusobacterium nucleatum." In International Digestive Disease Forum (IDDF) 2018, Hong Kong, 9–10 June 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2018-iddfabstracts.130.

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9

Lukyanov, Alexander D., Danila Y. Donskoy, Vladimir Filipović, and Tamara B. Asten. "A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR CONTROLLING THE ACIDITY OF A SOLUTION IN A BIOREACTOR OF THE ARTIFICIAL GIT OF POULTRY." In 1st INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOTECHNOLOGY. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt28.545l.

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Reactions of neutralization occur with significant nonlinearity, which determines the control algorithms in the mode of periodic dosing of a volume of acid or alkali. Such regulation may have little effectiveness due to the fluctuation or impossibility of regulation due to insufficient or excessive concentration. This article precisely regulates the hydrogen index in mini- bioreactors and proposes the use of a digital model of the acidity management system for the selection of concentrations of topped-up solutions, determination of the regulation methodology, and improvement of accuracy pH regulation in an in vitro mini-model of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of a static type.
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Raby, Stuart, Pyungwon Ko, and Deog Ki Hong. "SUSY GUT Model Building." In SUPERSYMMETRY AND THE UNIFICATION OF FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3051893.

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Звіти організацій з теми "In vitro gut model":

1

Paranavitana, Chrysanthi. In Vitro Osteoblast Model for Bone Wound Infections and Antimicrobial Therapy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada608594.

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2

Mastro, Andrea M., Erwin A. Vogler, and Carol V. Gay. A New In Vitro Model of Breast Cancer Metastasis to Bone. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada533775.

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3

Mastro, Andrea M., Erwin A. Vogler, and Carol V. Gay. A New In Vitro Model of Breast Cancer Metastasis to Bone. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada550794.

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4

Mastro, Andrea M., Carol V. Gay, and Erwin Vogler. An New in Vitro Model of Breast Cancer Metastasis to Bone. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada470050.

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5

Slawinska, Anna, John C. F. Hsieh, Carl J. Schmidt, and Susan J. Lamont. Host Cellular Response to Multiple Stressors Using a Chicken in vitro Model. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-227.

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6

Grover, Paramjit, M. F. Rahman, and M. Mahboob. Bio-Physicochemical Interactions of Engineered Nanomaterials in In Vitro Cell Culture Model. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada567065.

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7

Shomer, Ilan, Ruth E. Stark, Victor Gaba, and James D. Batteas. Understanding the hardening syndrome of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber tissue to eliminate textural defects in fresh and fresh-peeled/cut products. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7587238.bard.

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The project sought to understand factors and mechanisms involved in the hardening of potato tubers. This syndrome inhibits heat softening due to intercellular adhesion (ICA) strengthening, compromising the marketing of industrially processed potatoes, particularly fresh peeled-cut or frozen tubers. However, ICA strengthening occurs under conditions which are inconsistent with the current ideas that relate it to Ca-pectate following pectin methyl esterase (PME) activity or to formation of rhamnogalacturonan (RG)-II-borate. First, it was necessary to induce strengthening of the middle lamellar complex (MLX) and the ICA as a stress response in some plant parenchyma. As normally this syndrome does not occur uniformly enough to study it, we devised an efficient model in which ICA-strengthening is induced consistently under simulated stress by short-chain, linear, mono-carboxylic acid molecules (OAM), at 65 oC [appendix 1 (Shomer&Kaaber, 2006)]. This rapid strengthening was insufficient for allowing the involved agents assembly to be identifiable; but it enabled us to develop an efficient in vitro system on potato tuber parenchyma slices at 25 ºC for 7 days, whereas unified stress was reliably simulated by OAMs in all the tissue cells. Such consistent ICA-strengthening in vitro was found to be induced according to the unique physicochemical features of each OAM as related to its lipophilicity (Ko/w), pKa, protonated proportion, and carbon chain length by the following parameters: OAM dissociation constant (Kdiss), adsorption affinity constant (KA), number of adsorbed OAMs required for ICA response (cooperativity factor) and the water-induced ICA (ICAwater). Notably, ICA-strengthening is accompanied by cell sap leakage, reflecting cell membrane rupture. In vitro, stress simulation by OAMs at pH<pKa facilitated the consistent assembly of ICAstrengthening agents, which we were able to characterize for the first time at the molecular level within purified insoluble cell wall of ICA-strengthened tissue. (a) With solid-state NMR, we established the chemical structure and covalent binding to cell walls of suberin-like agents associated exclusively with ICA strengthening [appendix 3 (Yu et al., 2006)]; (b) Using proteomics, 8 isoforms of cell wall-bound patatin (a soluble vacuolar 42-kDa protein) were identified exclusively in ICA-strengthened tissue; (c) With light/electron microscopy, ultrastructural characterization, histochemistry and immunolabeling, we co-localized patatin and pectin in the primary cell wall and prominently in the MLX; (d) determination of cell wall composition (pectin, neutral sugars, Ca-pectate) yielded similar results in both controls and ICA-strengthened tissue, implicating factors other than PME activity, Ca2+ or borate ions; (e) X-ray powder diffraction experiments revealed that the cellulose crystallinity in the cell wall is masked by pectin and neutral sugars (mainly galactan), whereas heat or enzymatic pectin degradation exposed the crystalline cellulose structure. Thus, we found that exclusively in ICA-strengthened tissue, heat-resistant pectin is evident in the presence of patatin and suberinlike agents, where the cellulose crystallinity was more hidden than in fresh control tissue. Conclusions: Stress response ICA-strengthening is simulated consistently by OAMs at pH< pKa, although PME and formation of Ca-pectate and RG-II-borate are inhibited. By contrast, at pH>pKa and particularly at pH 7, ICA-strengthening is mostly inhibited, although PME activity and formation of Ca-pectate or RG-II-borate are known to be facilitated. We found that upon stress, vacuolar patatin is released with cell sap leakage, allowing the patatin to associate with the pectin in both the primary cell wall and the MLX. The stress response also includes formation of covalently bound suberin-like polyesters within the insoluble cell wall. The experiments validated the hypotheses, thus led to a novel picture of the structural and molecular alterations responsible for the textural behavior of potato tuber. These findings represent a breakthrough towards understanding of the hardening syndrome, laying the groundwork for potato-handling strategies that assure textural quality of industrially processed particularly in fresh peeled cut tubers, ready-to-prepare and frozen preserved products.
8

Hung, Gene. Establish an In Vitro Model for the Study of NF2 Gene Function and Gene Therapy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada395531.

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9

Andalibi, Ali. Establish an In Vitro Model for the Study of NF2 Gene Function and Gene Therapy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada431978.

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10

Robinson, Peter J., Elaine A. Merrill, Andrea Hoffmann, Teresa R. Sterner, Mitchell L. Meade, and David R. Mattie. In Vitro Studies and Preliminary Mathematical Model for Jet Fuel and Noise Induced Auditory Impairment. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada626660.

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