Готові списки джерел за темами / Improved quality of products

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Improved quality of products"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Improved quality of products"

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Uzakov, Yasin, Madina Kaldarbekova, and Olga Kuznetsova. "Improved technology for new-generation Kazakh national meat products." Foods and Raw Materials 8, no. 1 (February 26, 2020): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2020-1-76-83.

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Introduction. Extract of goji berries (Lycium Barbarum L.) and buckwheat flour (Fagopýrum esculéntum L.) possess antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. As a result, they can be used to improve traditional Kazakh horse-meat formulations to obtain functional cooked and smoked meat products. These natural biologically active substances can improve the oxidative stability of pigments, lipids, and proteins of finished products. The research objective was to assess the potential of goji extract and buckwheat flour as additives that can improve the oxidative stability and general quality of Kanagat, a national Kazakh cooked and smoked horse-meat product. Goji extract and buckwheat flour were used in two concentrations – 0.5% and 1.0%. Study objects and methods. The research featured sensory evaluation of taste, smell, color, determination of color parameters (L*, a*, b*), pH, free amine nitrogen, total carbonyl proteins, acid value, peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), as well as a histological analysis. Results and discussion. When 1.0% of goji extract and 1.0% of buckwheat flour were added to the traditional formulation, it improved the oxidative stability and quality of the modified horse-meat product while preserving its sensory properties and colour parameters. A set of microstructural studies showed that the processing of meat products with 1.0% of goji extract and 1.0% of buckwheat flour had a destructive effect on most fibers. The affected fibers showed multiple decays of myofibrillar substance, which turned into a finegrained protein mass. The abovementioned concentration caused effective inhibition of hydrolytic changes, as well as oxidation of proteins and lipids. Conclusion. The new technology made it possible to produce a new national horse-meat product fortified with 1.0% of goji extract and 1.0% of buckwheat flour. The specified amount of biologically active additives improved the oxidative stability and quality of the product, while maintaining its sensory and color characteristics.
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Plotnikova, I. V., G. O. Magomedov, T. A. Shevyakova, V. V. Gubkovskaya, and V. E. Plotnikov. "Chocolate muffins with improved quality." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 81, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2019-2-125-132.

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Nowadays the production of competitive flour and chocolate confectionery products of improved quality and low cost is an important area. An alternative substitute for cocoa powder - cocoa shell powder - is promising in this regard. It can preserve the color, taste and aroma of the finished product. The objects of study were natural cocoa products obtained by cocoa beans processing - this is cocoa powder and heat-treated powder from cocoa shells. By the chemical composition the enrichment used contains a significant amount of valuable physiological effects of food substances. Compared with cocoa powder, it contains more fiber, cellulose, dietary fiber, minerals and vitamins, its energy value is 3 times lower. The introduction of cocoa shell powder into the muffins recipe intensifies the foaming process of the whipped recipe mixture, and the duration of its whipping is reduced. A rational dosage of cocoa shell powder was determined as 3.5% (by weight of the dough). According to organoleptic characteristics, samples of muffins with cocoa shell powder were not inferior to samples with cocoa powder, while their color, appearance, taste and aroma were improved. Chocolate muffins had a delicate, elastic crumb with uniform thin-walled porosity, had a smooth surface with slight detonations. The results of calculating the nutritional and energy value of the muffins showed that the "Chocolate Delight" muffins with cocoa shell powder contain more dietary fiber, minerals - K, Mg, P, Ca, vitamins - B3, B9, PP. The daily requirement for these nutrients is more than 20%, therefore the developed product can be attributed to functional products. The energy value of the developed "Chocolate Delight" sample is 34.4 kcal lower than the control.
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Li, Yan, and Cong Jing Zhang. "Vertical Integration of Agricultural products supply chain and quality Safety of Agricultural products." E3S Web of Conferences 275 (2021): 02048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127502048.

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Today, food safety is a common concern in the world. As the main source of food, agricultural products’ safety is also worthy of attention. By establishing the vertical integration model of the agricultural product supply chain, the circulation links of agricultural products can be reduced, and the circulation efficiency and quality level of agricultural products can be improved. This paper assumes that under the condition of simple fresh agricultural products, there is only one wholesaler and one retailer in the agricultural product supply chain. Through the analysis of the economic model, it is concluded that the vertical integration of the agricultural product supply chain has a positive impact on the safety of agricultural products. With the improvement of the vertical integration of the supply agricultural products supply chain, the efforts of wholesalers and suppliers to ensure the safety of agricultural products have been improved, the circulation cost of agricultural products has been reduced, and the sales price of agricultural products has been reduced.
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Ursachi, Claudiu Ștefan, Simona Perța-Crișan, and Florentina-Daniela Munteanu. "Strategies to Improve Meat Products’ Quality." Foods 9, no. 12 (December 17, 2020): 1883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9121883.

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Meat products represent an important component of the human diet, their consumption registering a global increase over the last few years. These foodstuffs constitute a good source of energy and some nutrients, such as essential amino acids, high biological value proteins, minerals like iron, zinc, selenium, manganese and B-complex vitamins, especially vitamin B12. On the other hand, nutritionists have associated high consumption of processed meat with an increased risk of several diseases. Researchers and processed meat producers are involved in finding methods to eliminate nutritional deficiencies and potentially toxic compounds, to obtain healthier products and at the same time with no affecting the sensorial quality and safety of the meat products. The present review aims to summarize the newest trends regarding the most important methods that can be applied to obtain high-quality products. Nutritional enrichment with natural bioactive plant compounds (antioxidants, dietary fibers) or probiotics, reduction of harmful components (salt, nitrate/nitrite, N-nitrosamines) and the use of alternative technologies (high-pressure processing, cold plasma, ultrasounds) are the most used current strategies to accomplish this aim.
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Salih, Rabar Fatah, Khalina Abdan, and Aimrun Wayayok. "Improve Quality and Quantity of Plant Products by Applying Potassium Nutrient (A Critical Review)." Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani - Part A 18, no. 2 (November 12, 2015): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10514.

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Suhadak and Tedjo Sukmono. "Improving Product Quality With Production Quality Control." PROZIMA (Productivity, Optimization and Manufacturing System Engineering) 4, no. 2 (March 10, 2021): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/prozima.v4i2.1306.

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PT. Z is a company engaged in the plastic bag industry. The company produces plastic bags, one of which is a type of ATP 12 x 24 that is often used as plastic wrapping meatballs, sugar and others. A company is certainly required to provide the best quality on its products. To meet the needs and expectations of consumers for the quality of products, the company must improve the quality of existing products. Six sigma is a quality tool that can be used to analyze and process data to maintain or improve the quality of a product based on the process. One of the shorts used in the six sigma method is Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control ( DMAIC). This research focuses on the results of product defects produced for 5 months in 2019. Because of the process analyzed there is data of proportions that are out of control in july and november. So that the data is omitted so that the data can be controlled. The sigma production level of ATP 12 x 24 is currently at the level of 4 sigma so it is necessary to improve to reach the level of 6 sigma. Pareto diagrams and fishbone diagrams can be used as tools to analyze significant factors causing product defects. And it can be known that the causative factor that can be done repair is deflated.
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Luthar, Zlata, Meiliang Zhou, Aleksandra Golob, and Mateja Germ. "Breeding Buckwheat for Increased Levels and Improved Quality of Protein." Plants 10, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10010014.

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Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.) and common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) are important sources of proteins with balanced amino-acid compositions, and thus of high nutritional value. The polyphenols naturally present in Tartary buckwheat and common buckwheat lower the true digestibility of the proteins. Digestion-resistant peptides are a vehicle for fecal excretion of steroids, and in this way, for bile acid elimination and reduction of cholesterol concentrations in serum. Buckwheat proteins are more effective compared to soy proteins for the prevention of gallstone formation. Tartary and common buckwheat grain that contains appropriate amounts of selenium-containing amino acids can be produced as functional food products. The protein-rich by-products of buckwheat are a good source of bioactive substances that can suppress colon carcinogenesis by reducing cell proliferation. The grain embryo is a rich source of proteins, so breeding buckwheat with larger embryos is a possible strategy to increase protein levels in Tartary and common buckwheat grain. However, chemical analysis of the grain is the most relevant criterion for assessing grain protein levels and quality.
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TING, H. Y., S. ISHIZAKI, and M. TANAKA. "?-POLYLYSINE IMPROVES THE QUALITY OF SURIMI PRODUCTS." Journal of Muscle Foods 10, no. 4 (December 1999): 279–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4573.1999.tb00403.x.

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Kristy, Nathasa Erdya, Mustafid Mustafid, and Sudarno Sudarno. "PENERAPAN IMPROVED GENERALIZED VARIANCE PADA PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PAVING BLOCK SEGIENAM." Jurnal Gaussian 9, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/j.gauss.v9i1.27526.

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In quality assurance of hexagonal paving block products, quality control is needed so the products that produced are in accordance with the specified standards. Quality control carried out involves two interconnected quality characteristics, that is thickness and weight of hexagonal paving blocks, so multivariate control chart is used. Improved Generalized Variance control chart is a tool used to control process variability in multivariate manner. Variability needs to be controlled because of in a production process, sometimes there are variabilities that caused by engine problems, operator errors, and deffect in raw materials that affect the process. The purpose of this study is to apply Improved Generalized Variance control chart in controlling the quality of hexagonal paving block products and calculating the capability of production process to meet the standards. Based on the assumption of multivariate normal distribution test, it can be seen that the data of quality characteristics of hexagonal paving blocks have multivariate distribution. While based on the correlation test between variables it can be concluded that the characteristics of the quality of thickness and weight correlate with each other. The result of the control using these control chart shows that the process is statistically in control. The results of process capability analysis show that the production process has been running according to the standard because the process capability index value is generated using a weighting of 0.5 for each quality characteristic that is 1.01517. Keywords: Paving Block, Quality Control, Variability, Improved Generalized Variance, Process Capability Analysis
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Mo, Jieli, Hainan Wang, and Bo Yuan. "Learning from ICH Q6B: Quality Control Ideas to Improve the Quality Standards of Chinese Herbal Slices." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 102, no. 3 (May 1, 2019): 695–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.18-0302.

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Abstract Learning from the ideas of the International Conference on Harmonization Q6B guideline in the quality control of biological and biotechnological products, it is proposed to improve the quality standard system and quality control of Chinese herbal slices, from reforming the mechanism of setting standards, improving the principles of quality standards, and clarifying the basis for setting the standards. The quality standard and quality control of Chinese herbal slices need to be improved through practical strategies with reasonable technology.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Improved quality of products"

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Ljungberg, David. "Effective transport systems in food and agricultural supply chains for improved economy, environment and quality /." Uppsala : Dept. of Biometry and Engineering, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/2006100.pdf.

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Werner, Benjamin Patrick [Verfasser], and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Winter. "Filtration and novel polymeric containers for the improved quality of biotech drug products / Benjamin Patrick Werner ; Betreuer: Gerhard Winter." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1202713351/34.

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Bergh, Alexandra Jane. "Characterisation of the sensory profile of Cyclopia intermedia and optimisation of fermentation parameters for improved product quality." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95908.

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Thesis (MScFoodSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In light of the limited and inconsistent supply of good quality honeybush tea, a species-specific sensory profile and the physicochemical characteristics of Cyclopia intermedia (honeybush) tea were determined to ultimately establish the optimum fermentation parameters for this herbal tea on laboratory-scale and to validate these findings on commercial-scale. The characteristic sensory profile of C. intermedia can be described as sweet tasting and slightly astringent with a combination of “fynbos-floral”, “fynbos-sweet”, “fruity” (specifically “apricot jam”, “cooked apple”, “raisin” and “lemon/lemon grass”), “woody”, “caramel/ vanilla” and “honey-like” aromas. The flavour can be described as distinctly “fynbos-floral”, “fynbos-sweet” and “woody”, including hints of “lemon/lemon grass” and “hay/dried grass”. The results of the sensory study were used to create a C. intermedia sensory wheel and lexicon, and an elementary grading system that categorised samples into “good”, “average” and “poor” sensory quality was proposed. Physicochemical parameters, i.e. soluble solids (SS) content, absorbance as a measure of colour, and turbidity, were evaluated as possible rapid predictors of sensory quality. High SS content, absorbance and turbidity correlated strongly with “poor” sensory quality. A linear relationship existed between the physicochemical parameters. The effect of fermentation temperature (70, 80 and 90°C) and time (12, 16, 24, 36, 48 and 60 h) on the sensory and physicochemical characteristics of C. intermedia was determined on laboratory-scale. Increasing fermentation time increased the intensity of positive sensory attributes, while decreasing the intensity of negative sensory attributes. The SS content, colour and turbidity of infusions decreased with increasing fermentation time, while the SS content and turbidity of infusions increased with increasing fermentation temperature. Fermentation at 90°C for 36 h on laboratory-scale produced C. intermedia with the best sensory properties, while preserving the SS content and colour of infusions. Fermentation at 70°C and 80°C required longer fermentation times for development of positive sensory attributes. Fermentation at 90°C was subsequently validated on commercial-scale. Laboratory-scale fermentation of the same batches of plant material was also carried out concurrently to allow direct comparison of the scale of fermentation on tea quality. Commercial-scale fermentation, despite increased variability as a result of increased batch volumes and heating difficulties, produced C. intermedia of “good” sensory quality after 24 and 36 h of fermentation. Increasing fermentation time had little effect on the SS content and colour of infusions of tea produced on commercial-scale, but turbidity increased significantly after 36 h. Thus, to produce C. intermedia with consistently good quality on commercial-scale, fermentation at 90°C for 24 to 36 h is recommended. Increasing fermentation time past 48 h should be avoided to prevent turbidity and the development of sensory attributes characteristic of over-fermented tea. However, due to the large variability of commercial-scale honeybush tea production, it is recommended that each batch be monitored between 24 and 36 h to determine when optimum fermentation has been obtained.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Beperkte en wisselvallige beskikbaarheid van goeie gehalte heuningbostee noodsaak die optimisering van fermentasie parameters vir Cyclopia intermedia. Optimisering van fermentation parameters is op laboratorium skaal gedoen, gevolg deur validasie van die parameters op kommersiële skaal. Vooraf is die spesie-spesifieke sensoriese profiel en die fisies-chemiese eienskappe van C. intermedia tee bepaal. Die kenmerkende sensoriese profiel van C. intermedia kan beskryf word as soet en effens vrank met 'n kombinasie van "fynbos-blomagtige", "fynbos-soet", "vrugtige" (spesifiek "appelkooskonfyt", "gekookte appel", "rosyntjie” en “suurlemoen/sitroen gras"), "houtagtige", "karamel/vanilla" en "heuningagtige" aromas. Die smaak kan beskryf word as "fynbos-blomagtig", "fynbos-soet" en "houtagtig", met 'n tikkie "suurlemoen/sitroen gras" en "hooi/gedroogde gras". Die resultate van die sensoriese studie is gebruik om 'n C. intermedia sensoriese wiel en leksikon, asook 'n basiese graderingstelsel wat tee monsters in "goeie", "gemiddelde" en "swak" sensoriese kwaliteit klassifiseer, te ontwikkel. Fisies-chemiese parameters: oplosbare vastestof (SS) inhoud; absorbansie as 'n maatstaf van kleur; en troebelheid, is geëvalueer as moontlike indikasies van sensoriese kwaliteit. Hoë SS inhoud, absorbansie en troebelheid waardes het sterk met "swak" sensoriese kwaliteit gekorreleer. 'n Lineêre verwantskap bestaan tussen die fisies-chemiese parameters en kwaliteit. Die effek van fermentasie temperatuur (70, 80 en 90°C) en -tyd (12, 16, 24, 36, 48 en 60 h) op die sensoriese en fisies-chemiese eienskappe van C. intermedia is op laboratorium skaal bepaal. Verlenging van fermentasie tyd het die intensiteit van die positiewe sensoriese eienskappe verhoog, terwyl dit die intensiteit van negatiewe sensoriese eienskappe verminder het. Die SS inhoud, kleur en troebelheid van die tee het met verlengde fermentasie tyd afgeneem, terwyl die SS inhoud en troebelheid met verhoging van fermentasie temperatuur toegeneem het. Fermentasie by 90°C vir 36 h op laboratorium skaal het tee met die beste sensoriese eienskappe geproduseer, met behoud van die SS inhoud en kleur. Fermentasie by 70°C en 80°C het 'n langer fermentasie tyd vir die ontwikkeling van positiewe sensoriese eienskappe vereis. Fermentasie by 90°C is daaropvolgens op kommersiële skaal uitgevoer, met gelyktydige laboratorium skaal fermentasie van dieselfde plantmateriaal lotte om die direkte effek van die skaal van fermentasie op tee kwaliteit te bepaal. Kommersiële fermentasie, ten spyte van verhoogde wisselvalligheid as gevolg van groot volumes tee en probleme met verhitting, het tee van "goeie" sensoriese kwaliteit na fermentasie periodes van 24 en 36 h geproduseer. Verlenging van fermentasie tyd het min uitwerking op die SS inhoud en kleur van kommersiel gefermenteerde tea gehad, maar troebelheid het beduidend na 36 h toegeneem. Fermentasie by 90°C vir 24 - 36 h word gevolglik aanbeveel om tee met goeie gehalte op kommersiële skaal te produseer. Fermentasie vir langer as 48 h moet vermy word om troebelheid te voorkom en die ontwikkeling van sensoriese eienskappe kenmerkend van oor-gefermenteerde tee te vermy. As gevolg van faktore wat groot variasie in kommersiële skaal heuningbostee produksie kan teweegbring, word aanbeveel dat elke produksielot tussen 24 en 36 h gemonitor word om die optimum fermentasie tyd te bepaal.
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Gourbatsi, Evdoxia. "Development of High Concentration Therapeutic Antibody Formulations and Monitoring Procedures for Improved Delivery and Protein Product Quality Assurance." Thesis, University of Kent, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.523627.

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Nguyen, Van Hieu, Thanh Nghi Nguyen, Quang Vinh Le, Minh Anh Le, Van Hung Nguyen, and Martin Gummert. "Developing densified products to reduce transportation costs and improve the quality of rice straw feedstocks for cattle feeding." Technische Universität Dresden, 2018. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33313.

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Densification of rice straw such as compacting and pelletizing is an important process to increase the density of rice straw resulting in a reduction of transportation cost. Within this research, we conducted a techno-economic investigation of rice straw densification to produce compressed bales and pellets, which are later used for animal feed. In line with the main deliverable of the performance of rice straw compacting and pelletizing processes, we also looked into the quality of the product in terms of uptake and digestibility of the cattle feed which could be improved by adding amendments such as urea during the compacting process. The compacting technology resulted in a 400% increase of bale density (from 94 to 390 kg.m-3). This could reduce transportation costs by about 60% for a 60 km driving distance using trucks. The net profit that resulted from compacted bales was USD 0.0062 kg-1. Although the pelletizing technology increased the cost of the densified product by 40–50%, its density increases by 700%, from 94 to 666 kg.m-3. The enriched-rice straw pellets contained 12.1% protein, 2.8% lipid, 32.7% raw fibre, and 11.2% ash. In addition, a test of this product for cattle feeding illustrated an increase in its eating desirability for cows. Findings from this study contribute to reducing feedstock cost and developing densified rice straw products. These, therefore, provide more alternative options to increase the benefits from rice production and thus, reduce the unsustainable burning of rice straw in the field.
Nén ép rơm là quá trình quan trọng và cần thiết để tăng khối lượng thể tích với mục đích giảm chi phí vận chuyển. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi đã thực hiện nghiên cứu đánh giá tính khả thi về kỹ thuật và kinh tế đối với nội dung nén ép rơm cuộn và ép viên rơm. Cùng với mục đích chính là tăng dung trọng của sản phẩm từ rơm, chúng tôi cũng đánh giá chất lượng sản phẩm làm thức ăn cho bò giúp cho tăng kích thích quá trình tiêu hóa. Kết quả nén ép cuộn rơm đã làm tăng dung trọng của kiện rơm đến 400% (từ 94 đến 398.7 kg.m-3). Qua đó, đã giảm được chi phí vận chuyển 60% được ước tính cho 60 km khoảng cách vận chuyển. Đối với ép viên rơm, dung trọng tăng đến 700% (từ 94 đến 666 kg.m-3). Hàm lượng dinh dưỡng của viên nén hỗn hợp rơm gồm protein (12,1%), chất béo (2,8%), chất xơ (32,7%), và lượng tro tổng (11,2%). Ngoài ra, kết quả thử nghiệm cho bò ăn sản phẩm viên nén này cho thấy bò có cảm giác thích và ăn hết toàn bộ viên nén. Kết quả của nghiên cứu đã góp phần giảm chi phí khi sản xuất thức ăn cho bò, tăng thu nhập cho người nông dân và từ đó giảm tác động môi trường do việc đốt rơm trên đồng.
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Ramos, Óscar Leandro da Silva. "Development and Characterization of bioactive, edible whey protein films and coatings to improve quality and safety of Food products." Doctoral thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9781.

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Nuti, Russell C. "Improving Cotton Production Margins through Management Decisions and Use of New and Standard commercial Products to Improve Quality and Profits." NCSU, 2004. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-09092004-101557/.

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Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a perennial plant managed as an annual crop to optimize yield and fiber quality while managing inputs to maximize profit. Transgenic improvements have simplified cotton production. Resistance to the non-selective herbicide glyphosate and in-plant production of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) endotoxin are two such advances. Cultural practices including use of mepiquat chloride (MC), and optimizing planting date contribute to crop uniformity and decrease risk involved with environmental stresses. Comparisons between conventional and transgenic weed and insect management systems, optimal and late planting dates, overhead sprinkle irrigation and drip irrigation, and use of MC were evaluated. Optimal-planted cotton had better yield than cotton planted late. Mepiquat chloride did not always provide an advantage, however never caused an undesirable response. At times, cotton plants treated with MC showed improved micronaire, compensation for boll loss, and earlier maturity. Broadcast glyphosate at the eight-leaf stage reduced yield of optimal-planted cotton in 1 of 3 years and 2 of 3 years in late-planted cotton. Glyphosate contact after the four-leaf stage in 2 of 3 years shifted the majority of bolls above node 10. Lint yield results were variable between overhead sprinkle and drip irrigation systems. Mepiquat chloride did not affect yield in irrigated cotton, however did control plant height, and improve fruit retention and cotton maturity. Non-labeled glyphosate applications reduced maturity in each irrigation system in 1 of 3 years. Cotton injury caused by conventional herbicides resulted in yield loss and poor returns compared to glyphosate systems. Early-season weed competition from low input herbicide programs caused cotton biomass reduction. High costs of conventional herbicide programs offset the available profit margin compared to glyphosate systems when yields were similar. Glyphosate systems provided excellent control of all weed species, while conventional herbicides gave acceptable control in most cases. Glyphosate resistant cotton cultivars with had better yield and returned more profit than the same cultivars treated with conventional herbicides.
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Magnusson, Madeleine. "Bacillus cereus in the housing environment of dairy cows : contamination routes, effect of teat-cleaning, and measures to improve hygiene in the cubicles and alleys /." Alnarp : Dept. of Rural Buildings and Animal Husbandry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200742.pdf.

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Al-Kutby, Sahar. "Applications of spice extracts and other hurdles to improve microbial safety and shelf-life of cooked, high fat meat products (doner kebab)." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1184.

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There is a growing demand for safe and convenient meat products. The effect of natural spice extracts incorporated with other hurdles for controlling pathogenic bacteria and extending the shelf life of RTE doner kebab were investigated. A comprehensive literature review was undertaken to establish the status of microbial risk, use of additives, knowledge on oxidative deterioration and HACCP associated with meat products. The in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of spice extracts were screened and compared. Cinnamon, clove, and sumac alcoholic extracts demonstrated strong antimicrobial effect, however, rosemary proved effective as antioxidant in a lamb fat model. An accelerated shelf life study on a model system indicated that storage temperature was the most critical factor affecting lipid oxidation, which was effectively delayed by vacuum packaging and rosemary extracts. The effects of spice extracts, packaging and storage time on physiochemical, microbiological, and sensory attributes of doner kebab were evaluated. Application of rosemary and cinnamon extracts significantly reduced TVC, inhibited LAB, and retarded lipid oxidation rate. Sensory evaluation by a consumer panel indicated that only taste and spiciness perception was significantly different between treatments. A challenge test against Listeria monocytogenes showed significant differences between control and spice treatments at day 28. Strong inhibitory effects were associated to high levels of cinnamon particularly when applied after cooking. The effect of heat treatment and sumac (Rhus coriaria) on Bacillus cereus and Clostridium perfringens inactivation was evaluated on a doner kebab prototype. Addition of sumac significantly reduced D-values and z-values for both organisms in comparison to the control. The investigation of the effect of spice extracts, and environmental conditions on changes in growth kinetic parameters for L. monocytogenes and Salmonella Typhimurium showed that spice extracts are highly significant. For both microorganisms, Mumax was reduced as salt and spice concentrations increased, and pH levels decreased. This study shows that spice extracts incorporated with other hurdles can help to maintain safe and good quality RTE doner kebab.
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Romuli, Sebastian [Verfasser]. "Process optimisation of oil and protein recovery from Jatropha curcas L. seeds in terms of hulling, shelling and mechanical extraction for improved efficiency and product quality / Sebastian Romuli." Aachen : Shaker, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149278633/34.

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Книги з теми "Improved quality of products"

1

R, Rubino, ed. Livestock farming systems: Product quality based on local resources leading to improved sustainability. Wageningen, The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2006.

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2

Gilmore, Harold L. Integrated product testing and evaluation: A systems approach to improve reliability and quality. New York: M. Dekker, 1986.

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3

Brown, Stanley A. What customers value most: How to achieve business transformation by focusing on processes that touch your customers : satisfied customers, increased revenue, improved profitability. Toronto: J. Wiley, 1995.

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4

Aftersales management: Creating a successful aftersales strategy to reduce costs, improve customer service and increase sales. London: Kogan Page, 2009.

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5

YEngashyev, Syergyey, Tamara Okolelova, Ekaterina Engasheva, Irina Lesnichenko, Salman Salgereev, Ol'ga Dorogova, Ivan Kochish, Oksana Kochish, Aleksandr Struk, and Evgeniya Struk. The methodology recommendations on the use of drugs that stimulate the productivity and preservation of poultry, and improve product quality. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02030-2.

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The recommendations summarize the results of the use of feed additives (ASD-2F, vitamin preparations, antioxidants, prebiotics) that stimulate the productivity and preservation of poultry, the production of quality products, both under normal conditions of feeding and keeping the bird, and in stressful situations.
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6

In search of perfection: How to create/maintain/improve quality. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1985.

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7

Quality audits for improved performance. 2nd ed. Milwaukee, Wis: ASQC Quality Press, 1994.

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8

Arter, Dennis R. Quality audits for improved performance. Milwaukee, Wis: ASQC Quality Press, 1989.

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9

Benysek, Grzegorz, and Marian Pasko, eds. Power Theories for Improved Power Quality. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2786-4.

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10

Anac, D., and P. Martin-PrÉvel, eds. Improved Crop Quality by Nutrient Management. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-585-37449-9.

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Частини книг з теми "Improved quality of products"

1

Coimbra, Manuel A., Sílvia M. Rocha, Cátia Martins, and António S. Barros. "Methodologies for Improved Quality Control Assessment of Food Products." In Advances in Food Diagnostics, 13–61. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119105916.ch2.

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2

Hahn, R. S. "A Survey on Precision Grinding for Improved Product Quality." In Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Machine Tool Design and Research Conference, 3–16. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07529-4_1.

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3

Karre, Sai Anirudh, and Y. Raghu Reddy. "Heuristic Approaches to Improve Product Quality in Large Scale Integrated Software Products." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 80–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30243-0_5.

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4

Sawale, Pravin D., Writdhama Prasad, Shaik Abdul Hussain, Veena Nagarajappa, and Santosh K. Mishra. "Potential Use of Herbs in Milk and Milk Products." In Novel Strategies to Improve Shelf-Life and Quality of Foods, 53–70. Series statement: Innovations in agricultural and biological engineering: Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003010272-4.

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5

García, Jesús Alberto García, and Cristóbal Noé Aguilar. "Challenges to Improve Quality of Life with Healthy Food, Less Food Loss, and Waste Reduction." In Natural Food Products and Waste Recovery, 227–32. First edition.: Apple Academic Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003144748-17.

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6

Shiva, S., I. A. Palani, C. P. Paul, and M. Kamaraj. "Advanced Laser Based Surface Treatment Techniques to Improve the Quality of the Products." In Materials Forming, Machining and Tribology, 207–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18854-2_9.

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7

de Heij, W. B. C., L. J. M. M. van Schepdael, R. Moezelaar, and R. W. van den Berg. "Sterilization by High Hydrostatic Pressure: Increasing Efficiency and Product Quality by Improved Temperature Control." In Advances in High Pressure Bioscience and Biotechnology II, 367–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05613-4_65.

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Carminati, Domenico, Aurora Meucci, Flavio Tidona, Miriam Zago, and Giorgio Giraffa. "Multifunctional Lactic Acid Bacteria Cultures to Improve Quality and Nutritional Benefits in Dairy Products." In Advances in Food Biotechnology, 263–76. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118864463.ch15.

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9

Lázaro, Oscar, Jesús Alonso, Roxana-Maria Holom, Katharina Rafetseder, Stefanie Kritzinger, Fernando Ubis, Gerald Fritz, et al. "Model-Based Engineering and Semantic Interoperability for Trusted Digital Twins Big Data Connection Across the Product Lifecycle." In Technologies and Applications for Big Data Value, 399–429. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78307-5_18.

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AbstractWith the rising complexity of modern products and a trend from single products to Systems of Systems (SoS) where the produced system consists of multiple subsystems and the integration of multiple domains is a mandatory step, new approaches for development are demanded. This chapter explores how Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) can benefit from big data technologies to implement smarter engineering processes. The chapter presents the Boost 4.0 Testbed that demonstrates how digital twin continuity and digital thread can be realized from service engineering, production, product performance, to behavior monitoring. The Boost 4.0 testbed demonstrates the technical feasibility of an interconnected operation of digital twin design, ZDM subtractive manufacturing, IoT product monitoring, and spare part 3D printing services. It shows how the IDSA reference model for data sovereignty, blockchain technologies, and FIWARE open-source technology can be jointly used for breaking silos, providing a seamless and controlled exchange of data across digital twins based on open international standards (ProStep, QIF), allowing companies to dramatically improve cost, quality, timeliness, and business results.
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10

Heigermoser, Maximilian, Tinoush Jamali Jaghdani, and Linde Götz. "Chapter 9: Russia’s Agri-Food Trade with the Middle East and North Africa." In Palgrave Advances in Bioeconomy: Economics and Policies, 253–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77451-6_10.

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AbstractThe Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is the top destination for Russian food exports, grains in particular. Focusing on Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Saudi Arabia, this chapter shows that Russia’s food trade with MENA countries is strongly affected by bilateral political relations. Russia banned most food imports from Turkey over a political conflict in 2016. In the same year, improved intergovernmental cooperation with Saudi Arabia resulted in a diversification of Russia’s food exports to the Gulf country, and in 2019, Iran’s accession to the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) led to increasing food trade with Russia. Food imports in MENA countries are usually managed by powerful state trading enterprises (STEs), which recurrently disapprove food products originating from Russia based on non-adherence to food quality standards. Our analysis shows that Russia is successfully working to open additional destination markets, while simultaneously impeding imports of food products that it aims to produce domestically.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Improved quality of products"

1

Ruiquan, Zhang, Kang Wei, Hu Shujuan, Song Shouguo, Zhou Baochun, and Xia Fujun. "Study on the Quality of Polymer Flooding Produced Crude Oil." In SPE Asia Pacific Improved Oil Recovery Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/57301-ms.

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2

Jones, Kerry. "Improved Quality Truck Castings." In ASME 2013 Rail Transportation Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/rtdf2013-4722.

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Component failure in bolsters and side frames remains a problem for both railroads and suppliers, causing expensive repairs and even derailments. To understand and combat this problem, an evaluation of the steel was required. Bolsters were obtained from several suppliers to evaluate the current state of Association of American Railroads (AAR) M-201 standard for Grade B+ cast steel. Charpy impact and tensile test samples were machined from critical areas of these castings and tested at an independent laboratory. Distinct differences were found in processes and in mechanical properties between some suppliers. Supplier names are not identified in this paper. Based on the chemical and mechanical testing results and data analysis, changes to AAR M-201 Grade B+ requirements have been proposed. Additional bolsters have been obtained for further testing. These bolsters will incorporate the proposed changes to the standard and the same mechanical testing will be performed on them to determine the effectiveness of the proposed changes. Full scale static or fatigue testing will be conducted on additional bolsters. A survey of scrapped bolsters and side frames from several railcar producers and reclaim operations was conducted to determine the leading causes of failures of components removed from service. These results form the basis for a database that can be used to identify failure trends.
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Shi, Yanlin, and Qingjin Peng. "Improved Benchmarking Method Using Kinematics Analysis in Design of an Upper Limb Exoskeleton Rehabilitation Device." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85465.

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Conceptual design plays an important role in product development to meet requirements of the product function, cost and other factors. Existing methods of the product conceptual design rely on experience of designers or benchmarking methods to estimate design parameters, which limits the design automation and optimization. This paper improves the benchmarking methods by integrating the kinematics analysis with quality function deployment in design of an upper limb exoskeleton rehabilitation device. Parameters such as velocity, acceleration and displacement of the product are included for rating benchmarking products to evaluate the rehabilitation device based on customer needs. By integrating the benchmarking method and kinematics analysis, products with the best performance can be determined accurately to help designers to improve the existing product or develop a new product. The proposed method is verified in the design of an upper limb rehabilitation device.
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4

Martí Bigorra, Anna, and Ove Isaksson. "Integration of Customer-Product Interaction Into Quality Function Deployment." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59992.

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Customer satisfaction is used by many companies as a key performance indicator and it is strategically important to be able to define design requirements that contribute to customer satisfaction when setting targets. For highly complex products such as vehicles, target setting is an evolving process based on continually changing internal and external requirements. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a method that provides a structured approach for incorporating customer needs into the product development process. However, in addition to product targets, product usage proficiency also contributes to customer satisfaction. Customers often do not read manuals; they learn by trying things out and sometimes the use of the product ends up outside the expected acceptable range of the designers, delivering to the customer low product performance. The intention of this article is therefore to gain a deeper understanding of the customer by analyzing customer-product interaction of customer products and integrating it into QFD to identify the most interesting design requirements to improve customer satisfaction when developing products that are comparable to the ones lunched in the market. The proposed method facilitates designer awareness of target population before re-designing an existing product and it helps designers to set a starting point to improve usage proficency for each customer by providing individualized feedback.
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5

Stevenson, Phillip D., Christopher A. Mattson, Kenneth M. Bryden, and Nordica A. MacCarty. "Towards a Universal Social Impact Metric for Engineered Products That Alleviate Poverty." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67584.

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More than ever before, engineers are creating products for developing countries. One of the purposes of these products is to improve the consumer’s quality of life. Currently, there is no established method of measuring the social impact of these types of products. As a result, engineers have used their own metrics to assess their product’s impact, if at all. Some of the common metrics used include products sold and revenue, which measure the financial success of a product without recognizing the social successes or failures it might have. In this paper we introduce a potential metric, the Product Impact Metric (PIM), which quantifies the impact a product has on impoverished individuals — especially those living in developing countries. It measures social impact broadly in five dimensions: health, education, standard of living, employment quality, and security. The PIM is inspired by the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) created by the United Nations Development Programme. The MPI measures how the depth of poverty within a nation changes year after year, and the PIM measures how an individual’s quality of life changes after being affected by an engineered product. The Product Impact Metric can be used to predict social impacts (using personas that represent real individuals) or measure social impacts (using specific data from products introduced into the market).
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Kern, Daniel, Xiaoping Du, and Agus Sudjianto. "Forecasting Manufacturing Quality and Optimizing Product Robustness Using Process Capability Data." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42159.

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A company’s success is highly dependent on its ability to manufacture quality products. Designing products that can be manufactured to meet customer needs with an acceptable level of variation is challenging because design engineers are often unfamiliar with the company’s manufacturing capability or are unable to effectively use the capability data to improve a design. The authors present an approach to forecast the manufacturing quality of a product and optimize its robustness while it is being designed. The system comprises a database that stores process capability data and simulation models to simulate process capability data when actual, appropriate data are nonexistent. These data and tools are used with a new probabilistic approach through the inverse reliability strategy to optimize the robustness of a design by locating values of design parameters that enhance the performance of the design and are insensitive to manufacturing variation. Design engineers can use this approach to set design parameter values that will improve the functionality of the product while ensuring it can be produced with high capability. This approach is demonstrated with a design example of an engine valvetrain.
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7

Saikaew, Charnnarong. "Using designed experiments to improve the quality of concrete products." In Industrial Engineering (CIE39). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccie.2009.5223928.

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Li, Renwang, Xinli Wu, Xing Xu, Hao Luo, and Zefei Zhu. "Research on the Improved 6s Method and Its Application in Quality Improvement of Electric Company Products." In 2010 International Conference on Web Information Systems and Mining (WISM). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wism.2010.170.

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Friedrich, C., and H. Hubbertz. "Product Innovation Needs Improved Design Process of Screw Joints." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62927.

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An essential task in today’s engineering is to realize a multifunctional design which needs an optimization process to achieve highest performance (load profile), minimized energy consumption (fuel, gas, electricity in production and life time of product) and maximized sustainability (during entire life cycle from idea to end of life) at an affordable prize in combination. Another point is that the performance of products is increased steadily up to now, which shifts the load profile towards higher peak loads. Consequently, a related design methodology is necessary which takes into account modern techniques of CAD (Computer Aided Design) and FEA (Finite Element Analysis) besides analytical engineering calculation and testing. Also the inclusion of nontechnical aspects must be possible (e.g. experience, rating of economy). Besides this the local stressing, time dependency and non-linear behavior must be considered in more detail; examples are proposed below. This methodology can be illustrated very well for the example of screw joints in products with high mechanical loading between components. Established technical literature mainly refers to pure technical aspects of bolted joints, e.g. [1, 2, 3]. Another important aspect for modern products is the increased use of mechatronic functions (mechanical system added by sensors, actuators and controller as well as controlling software). These functions raise the variety of failure modes significantly, which requires improved reliability. The paper describes, how screw joints are affected, because the number of screw joints increases and that engineers have to use reliable design methods to develop robust products. Looking to the packaging of mechatronic products, smaller screws joints are used because of space restrictions coming from the high number of components. In the end this means higher stressing of smaller screws. Countersunk heads offer benefits regarding space requirements, but need to consider positioning tolerances. For optimization process always non-linear relations are challenging; they need special description of the mechanisms and increase the demand for quality of the optimization method (e.g. convergence of numerical methods). Conclusions from this result in fastening perspectives for the design of innovative products for the future (automation of engineering design for fast product development considering complex interactions).
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Iino, Kenji, and Masayuki Nakao. "Service Information for Product Quality." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28085.

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Engineering products go through 4 stages of lifecycle; design, production, use, and disposal. Engineers have developed tools for avoiding design flaws that cause troubles in the later stages. Accidents and malfunctions, however, still happen and some are even catastrophic. Once in the market, products require service. Whether scheduled, or unexpected, service is mostly carried out by subsidiaries of the manufacturer or sometimes unrelated specialists. When product troubles occur, service companies tend to seek solutions within their own organization without going back to the design stage. This approach may prove less costly, however, quick fixes may lead to disasters. Industries currently lack effective ways of feeding service information back to design. We analyzed some real accidents that took place in Japan where hard work in the use stage triggered the events. Information from the use stage to design will prevent accidents and also improve design to closely model reality.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Improved quality of products"

1

Sylvia, Emily. Incentivizing higher-quality agricultural outputs. J-PAL, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31485/pi.3010.2021.

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Despite making investments in technologies and practices to improve the quality of their products, smallholder farmers in low- and middle-income countries do not often receive higher prices for their higher-quality agricultural goods. Disorganized markets with many intermediaries may make quality certification of goods more difficult, thus causing missed opportunities for consumers to eat better and producers to earn higher profits.
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2

Sylvia, Emily. Incentivizing higher-quality agricultural outputs. J-PAL, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31485/pi.3010.2021.

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Анотація:
Despite making investments in technologies and practices to improve the quality of their products, smallholder farmers in low- and middle-income countries do not often receive higher prices for their higher-quality agricultural goods. Disorganized markets with many intermediaries may make quality certification of goods more difficult, thus causing missed opportunities for consumers to eat better and producers to earn higher profits.
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3

Amirav, Aviv, and Steven Lehotay. Fast Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Agricultural Products. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7695851.bard.

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The overall theme of this project was to increase the speed of analysis for monitoring pesticide residues in food. Traditionally, analytical methods for multiple pesticides are time-consuming, expensive, laborious, wasteful, and ineffective to meet critical needs related to food safety. Faster and better methods were needed to provide more cost-effective detection of chemical contaminants, and thus provide a variety of benefits to agriculture. This overarching goal to speed and improve pesticide analysis was successfully accomplished even beyond what was originally proposed by the investigators in 1998. At that time, the main objectives of this project were: 1) to further develop a direct sample introduction (DSI) device that enables fast sampling and introduction of blended-only agricultural products for analysis by gas chromatography (GC); 2) to evaluate, establish, and further develop the method of simultaneous pulsed flame photometric detector (PFPD) and mass spectrometry (MS) detection for enhanced pesticide identification capabilities; and 3) to develop a new and novel MS pesticide analysis method, based on the use of supersonic molecular beams (SMB) for sampling and ionization. The first and third objectives were successfully accomplished as proposed, and the feasibility of the second objective was already demonstrated. The capabilities of the GC/SMB-MS approach alone were so useful for pesticide analysis that the simultaneous use of a PFPD was considered superfluous. Instead, the PFPD was investigated in combination with an electron-capture detector for low-cost, simultaneous analysis of organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides in fatty foods. Three important, novel research projects not originally described in the proposal were also accomplished: 1) development of the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method for pesticides in foods; 2) development and optimization of a method using low-pressure (LP) GC/MS to speed pesticide residue analysis; and 3) innovative application of analyte protectants to improve the GC analysis of important problematic pesticides. All of the accomplishments from this project are expected to have strong impact to the analytical community and implications to agriculture and food safety. For one, an automated DSI approach has become commercially available in combination with GC/MS for the analysis of pesticide residues. Meanwhile, the PFPD has become the selective detector of choice for the analysis of organophosphorus pesticides. Great strides were made in SMB-MS through the manufacture of a prototype "Supersonic GC/MS" instrument, which displayed many advantages over commercial GC/MS instruments. Most notably, the QuEChERS method is already being disseminated to routine monitoring labs and has shown great promise to improve pesticide analytical capabilities and increase lab productivity. The implications of these developments to agriculture will be to increase the percentage of food monitored and the scope of residues detected in the food, which will serve to improve food safety. Developed and developing countries alike will be able to use these methods to lower costs and improve results, thus imported/exported food products will have better quality without affecting price or availability. This will help increase trade between nations and mitigate certain disputes over residue levels in imported foods. The improved enforcement of permissible residue levels provided by these methods will have the effect to promote good agricultural practices among previously obstinate farmers who felt no repercussions from illegal or harmful practices. Furthermore, the methods developed can be used in the field to analyze samples quickly and effectively, or to screen for high levels of dangerous chemicals that may intentionally or accidentally appear in the food supply.
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4

Bennett, Alan B., Arthur A. Schaffer, Ilan Levin, Marina Petreikov, and Adi Doron-Faigenboim. Manipulating fruit chloroplasts as a strategy to improve fruit quality. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7598148.bard.

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The Original Objectives were modified and two were eliminated to reflect the experimental results: Objective 1 - Identify additional genetic variability in SlGLK2 and IPin wild, traditional and heirloom tomato varieties Objective 2 - Determine carbon balance and horticultural characteristics of isogenic lines expressing functional and non-functional alleles of GLKsand IP Background: The goal of the research was to understand the unique aspects of chloroplasts and photosynthesis in green fruit and the consequences of increasing the chloroplast capacity of green fruit for ripe fruit sugars, yield, flavor and nutrient qualities. By focusing on the regulation of chloroplast formation and development solely in fruit, our integrated knowledge of photosynthetic structures/organs could be broadened and the results of the work could impact the design of manipulations to optimize quality outputs for the agricultural fruit with enhanced sugars, nutrients and flavors. The project was based on the hypothesis that photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic plastid metabolism in green tomato fruit is controlled at a basal level by light for minimal energy requirements but fruit-specific genes regulate further development of robust chloroplasts in this organ. Our BARD project goals were to characterize and quantitate the photosynthesis and chloroplast derived products impacted by expression of a tomato Golden 2- like 2 transcription factor (US activities) in a diverse set of 31 heirloom tomato lines and examine the role of another potential regulator, the product of the Intense Pigment gene (IP activities). Using tomato Golden 2-like 2 and Intense Pigment, which was an undefined locus that leads to enhanced chloroplast development in green fruit, we sought to determine the benefits and costs of extensive chloroplast development in fruit prior to ripening. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter, coding and intronicSlGLK2 sequences of 20 heirloom tomato lines were identified and three SlGLK2 promoter lineages were identified; two lineages also had striped fruit variants. Lines with striped fruit but no shoulders were not identified. Green fruit chlorophyll and ripe fruit soluble sugar levels were measured in 31 heirloom varieties and fruit size correlates with ripe fruit sugars but dark shoulders does not. A combination of fine mapping, recombinant generation, RNAseq expression and SNP calling all indicated that the proposed localization of a single locus IP on chr 10 was incorrect. Rather, the IP line harbored 11 separate introgressions from the S. chmielewskiparent, scattered throughout the genome. These introgressions harbored ~3% of the wild species genome and no recombinant consistently recovered the IP parental phenotype. The 11 introgressions were dissected into small combinations in segregating recombinant populations. Based on these analyses two QTL for Brix content were identified, accounting for the effect of increased Brix in the IP line. Scientific and agricultural implications: SlGLK2 sequence variation in heirloom tomato varieties has been identified and can be used to breed for differences in SlGLK2 expression and possibly in the green striped fruit phenotype. Two QTL for Brix content have been identified in the S. chmielewskiparental line and these can be used for increasing soluble solids contents in breeding programs.
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5

Usai, Jannet, Zita Ekeocha, Stephen Robert Byrn, and Kari L. Clase. Herbal Medicines Registration Process for Zimbabwe Overview of the Process. Purdue University, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317434.

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Unregistered traditional medicines pose a huge public health threat as the safety and efficacy of these products is unknown. The issue this study addresses is the inadequate regulatory measures for herbal medicines in Zimbabwe. This project was done to describe the current registration process of traditional medicines in Zimbabwe, and to identify the gaps and opportunities they present to improve the regulatory landscape. Regulations and laws governing the registration of herbal medicines in the country and published research on legislation of herbal medicines were reviewed. Two parallel regulatory bodies both registering and controlling the sale of herbal medicines were identified. The Medicines Control Authority of Zimbabwe (MCAZ) and the Traditional Medical Practitioners Association (TMPA) both derive their authority to regulate from the ministry of health and were established through the act of parliament which gives these authorities power to regulate the quality and sale of traditional medicines without giving a prescriptive way of doing it. The registration process, and product evaluations for the two authorities are different. While the MCAZ has a clearly defined registration process, the TMPA does not. However, MCAZ has not been very successful in registering local products with the majority of the registered herbal products being imports and only 2% of total registered products being local herbs. As a recommendation, there is need for collaboration between the regulatory bodies for consistence in quality of herbal products on the market and to improve registration of local herbal products. Developing monographs for local herbs commonly used in the country will also assist local manufacturer to fulfill the quality requirements and successful compilation of dossiers for product registration.
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6

Juvik, John A., Avri Bar Zur, and Torbert R. Rocheford. Breeding for Quality in Vegetable Maize Using Linked Molecular Markers. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568764.bard.

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Recently, the vegetable corn industry has shifted from the use of traditional cultivars with the sugary1 (su1) endosperm mutation to newer hybrids homozygous for the shrunken2 (sh2) or sugary enhancer1 (se1) genes. With greater kernel sucrose content, these hybrids are preferred by consumers and retain sugar for longer post harvest periods, providing the industry with more time to marker products with superior quality. Commercialization has been hindered, however, by reduced field emergence, and the establishment of stands with heterogeneous uniformity and maturities. This investigation was conducted to identify key biochemical and physiological characteristics in sh2 and se1 maize kernels associated with improved emergence, and stand establishment; and in immature ears at fresh harvest maturity, properties associated with eating quality. The location of genes or QTL controlling these kernel characteristics and other traits were then mapped to specific chromosomal regions by their linkage to molecular markers using two segregating F2:3 populations. This database was used to compare the efficiency of marker-assisted selection of key alleles with phenotypic selection for trait improvement. A model designed to uncover and quantify digenic interaction was applied to the datasets to evaluate the role of epistasis in the inheritance of quantitative traits.
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7

Engel, Bernard, Yael Edan, James Simon, Hanoch Pasternak, and Shimon Edelman. Neural Networks for Quality Sorting of Agricultural Produce. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613033.bard.

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The objectives of this project were to develop procedures and models, based on neural networks, for quality sorting of agricultural produce. Two research teams, one in Purdue University and the other in Israel, coordinated their research efforts on different aspects of each objective utilizing both melons and tomatoes as case studies. At Purdue: An expert system was developed to measure variances in human grading. Data were acquired from eight sensors: vision, two firmness sensors (destructive and nondestructive), chlorophyll from fluorescence, color sensor, electronic sniffer for odor detection, refractometer and a scale (mass). Data were analyzed and provided input for five classification models. Chlorophyll from fluorescence was found to give the best estimation for ripeness stage while the combination of machine vision and firmness from impact performed best for quality sorting. A new algorithm was developed to estimate and minimize training size for supervised classification. A new criteria was established to choose a training set such that a recurrent auto-associative memory neural network is stabilized. Moreover, this method provides for rapid and accurate updating of the classifier over growing seasons, production environments and cultivars. Different classification approaches (parametric and non-parametric) for grading were examined. Statistical methods were found to be as accurate as neural networks in grading. Classification models by voting did not enhance the classification significantly. A hybrid model that incorporated heuristic rules and either a numerical classifier or neural network was found to be superior in classification accuracy with half the required processing of solely the numerical classifier or neural network. In Israel: A multi-sensing approach utilizing non-destructive sensors was developed. Shape, color, stem identification, surface defects and bruises were measured using a color image processing system. Flavor parameters (sugar, acidity, volatiles) and ripeness were measured using a near-infrared system and an electronic sniffer. Mechanical properties were measured using three sensors: drop impact, resonance frequency and cyclic deformation. Classification algorithms for quality sorting of fruit based on multi-sensory data were developed and implemented. The algorithms included a dynamic artificial neural network, a back propagation neural network and multiple linear regression. Results indicated that classification based on multiple sensors may be applied in real-time sorting and can improve overall classification. Advanced image processing algorithms were developed for shape determination, bruise and stem identification and general color and color homogeneity. An unsupervised method was developed to extract necessary vision features. The primary advantage of the algorithms developed is their ability to learn to determine the visual quality of almost any fruit or vegetable with no need for specific modification and no a-priori knowledge. Moreover, since there is no assumption as to the type of blemish to be characterized, the algorithm is capable of distinguishing between stems and bruises. This enables sorting of fruit without knowing the fruits' orientation. A new algorithm for on-line clustering of data was developed. The algorithm's adaptability is designed to overcome some of the difficulties encountered when incrementally clustering sparse data and preserves information even with memory constraints. Large quantities of data (many images) of high dimensionality (due to multiple sensors) and new information arriving incrementally (a function of the temporal dynamics of any natural process) can now be processed. Furhermore, since the learning is done on-line, it can be implemented in real-time. The methodology developed was tested to determine external quality of tomatoes based on visual information. An improved model for color sorting which is stable and does not require recalibration for each season was developed for color determination. Excellent classification results were obtained for both color and firmness classification. Results indicted that maturity classification can be obtained using a drop-impact and a vision sensor in order to predict the storability and marketing of harvested fruits. In conclusion: We have been able to define quantitatively the critical parameters in the quality sorting and grading of both fresh market cantaloupes and tomatoes. We have been able to accomplish this using nondestructive measurements and in a manner consistent with expert human grading and in accordance with market acceptance. This research constructed and used large databases of both commodities, for comparative evaluation and optimization of expert system, statistical and/or neural network models. The models developed in this research were successfully tested, and should be applicable to a wide range of other fruits and vegetables. These findings are valuable for the development of on-line grading and sorting of agricultural produce through the incorporation of multiple measurement inputs that rapidly define quality in an automated manner, and in a manner consistent with the human graders and inspectors.
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8

Ray, W. Harmon. New process modeling [sic], design, and control strategies for energy efficiency, high product quality, and improved productivity in the process industries. Final project report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/771265.

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9

Bland, Gary, Lucrecia Peinado, and Christin Stewart. Innovations for Improving Access to Quality Health Care: The Prospects for Municipal Health Insurance in Guatemala. RTI Press, December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.pb.0016.1712.

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Municipal insurance–a collective compact in which municipal government is the lead actor in designing, delivering, and supervising a health care financing arrangement—is considered by some Guatemalans as a potential new avenue for improving financial protection against rising costs and improved access to quality health care. This brief presents a political economy analysis of the prospects for the adoption of municipal insurance in Guatemala. Municipal insurance has so far been tried only once, in 2015, by the large suburban municipality of Villa Nueva. Drawing from the Villa Nueva experience, based on interviews with nearly 30 key informants, this brief examines the potential obstacles to municipal insurance reform as well as leading factors favoring its introduction. Consistent health ministry support and equity concerns are potential limitations, for example, while decentralization and the recent emergence of creative insurance products are likely to be supportive. This brief then concludes with consideration of the policy implications of such a reform. We also offer a series of policy recommendations for policymakers and practitioners who may be looking to implement municipal insurance reform.
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10

Reisch, Bruce, Avichai Perl, Julie Kikkert, Ruth Ben-Arie, and Rachel Gollop. Use of Anti-Fungal Gene Synergisms for Improved Foliar and Fruit Disease Tolerance in Transgenic Grapes. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7575292.bard.

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Original objectives . 1. Test anti-fungal gene products for activity against Uncinula necator, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifer and Botrytis cinerea. 2. For Agrobacterium transformation, design appropriate vectors with gene combinations. 3. Use biolistic bombardment and Agrobacterium for transformation of important cultivars. 4. Characterize gene expression in transformants, as well as level of powdery mildew and Botrytis resistance in foliage of transformed plants. Background The production of new grape cultivars by conventional breeding is a complex and time-consuming process. Transferring individual traits via single genes into elite cultivars was proposed as a viable strategy, especially for vegetatively propagated crops such as grapevines. The availability of effective genetic transformation procedures, the existence of genes able to reduce pathogen stress, and improved in vitro culture methods for grapes, were combined to serve the objective of this proposal. Effective deployment of resistance genes would reduce production costs and increase crop quality, and several such genes and combinations were used in this project. Progress The efficacy of two-way combinations of Trichoderma endochitinase (CHIT42), synthetic peptide ESF12 and resveratrol upon the control of growth of Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium digitatum were evaluated in vitro. All pairwise interactions were additive but not synergistic. Per objective 2, suitable vectors with important gene combinations for Agrobacterium transformation were designed. In addition, multiple gene co-transformation by particle bombardment was also tested successfully. In New York, transformation work focused on cultivars Chardonnay and Merlot, while the technology in Israel was extended to 41B, R. 110, Prime, Italia, Gamay, Chardonnay and Velika. Transgenic plant production is summarized in the appendix. Among plants developed in Israel, endochitinase expression was assayed via the MuchT assay using material just 1-5 days after co-cultivation. Plants of cv. Sugraone carrying the gene coding for ESF12, a short anti-fungal lytic peptide under the control of the double 358 promoter, were produced. Leaf extracts of two plants showed inhibition zones that developed within 48 h indicating the inhibitory effect of the leaf extracts on the six species of bacteria. X fastidiosa, the causal organism of Pierce's disease, was very sensitive to leaf extracts from ESF12 transformed plants. Further work is needed to verify the agricultural utility of ESF12 transformants. In New York, some transformants were resistant to powdery mildew and Botrytis fruit rot. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements and implications The following scientific achievements resulted from this cooperative BARD project: 1. Development and improvement of embryogenesis and tissue culture manipulation in grape, while extending these procedures to several agriculturally important cultivars both in Israel and USA. 2. Development and improvement of novel transformation procedures while developing transformation techniques for grape and other recalcitrant species. 3. Production of transgenic grapevines, characterization of transformed vines while studying the expression patterns of a marker gene under the control of different promoter as the 35S CaMV in different part of the plants including flowers and fruits. 4. Expression of anti-fungal genes in grape: establishment of transgenic plants and evaluation of gene expression. Development of techniques to insert multiple genes. 5. Isolation of novel grape specific promoter to control the expression of future antimicrobial genes. It is of great importance to report that significant progress was made in not only the development of transgenic grapevines, but also in the evaluation of their potential for increased resistance to disease as compared with the non engineered cultivar. In several cases, increased disease resistance was observed. More research and development is still needed before a product can be commercialized, yet our project lays a framework for further investigations.
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