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Статті в журналах з теми "Icelandic architecture"
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Przesmycka, Natalia. "Icelandic vernacular architecture." Budownictwo i Architektura 14, no. 3 (September 8, 2015): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1634.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article presents the historical determinants and contemporary issues related to the cultural heritage of Iceland - vernacular architecture. This architecture is the result of human activity and very specific conditions of raw environment. The settlement of Iceland historically developed in difficult natural conditions, where the real potential (geothermal energy of the earth) are discovered only in recent years. A small amount of building materials and isolation from other centers of civilization caused that the Icelandic construction has been slightly changed over nearly a thousand years.
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Nannini, Sofia. "From Reception to Invention: The Arrival of Concrete to Iceland and the Rhetoric of Guðmundur Hannesson." Arts 7, no. 4 (October 22, 2018): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts7040068.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The quick modernisation of Iceland, which took place rapidly from the first decades of the 20th century onwards, brought not only fishing trawlers and cars into the country. Among all the techniques of modernity, steinsteypa [concrete] was to become the key material that changed the built landscape of the island and was soon adopted by the first Icelandic architects, such as Rögnvaldur Ólafsson (1874–1914) and Guðjón Samúelsson (1887–1950). Interestingly, the main supporter of this material was Guðmundur Hannesson (1866–1946), a medical doctor and town planning enthusiast who wrote several articles and even a guidebook published in 1921, Steinsteypa. Leiðarvísir fyrir alþýðu og viðvaninga [Concrete: A Guidebook for Common People and Beginners]. In a country that was seeking an architectural self-representation, he understood the technical and formal possibilities that concrete could offer. By analysing his articles and publications, this essay aims to discuss the rhetoric of Guðmundur Hannesson and his role in writing an Icelandic chapter of the history of concrete, from its early stage of unmodern trial-and-error to the definition of a modern Icelandic architecture.
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Maclennan, J. "Mafic tiers and transient mushes: evidence from Iceland." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 377, no. 2139 (January 7, 2019): 20180021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2018.0021.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It is well established that magmatism is trans-crustal, with melt storage and processing occurring over a range of depths. Development of this conceptual model was based on observations of the products of magmatism at spreading ridges, including Iceland. Petrological barometry and tracking of the solidification process has been used to show that the Icelandic crust is built by crystallization over a range of depths. The available petrological evidence indicates that most of the active rift zones are not underlain by extensive and pervasive crystal mush. Instead, the microanalytical observations from Iceland are consistent with a model where magmatic processing in the lower crust occurs in sills of decimetric vertical thickness. This stacked sills mode of crustal accretion corresponds to that proposed for the oceanic crust on the basis of ophiolite studies. A key feature of these models is that the country rock for the sills is hot but subsolidus. This condition can be met if the porosity in thin crystal mushes at the margins of the sills is occluded by primitive phases, a contention that is consistent with observations from cumulate nodules in Icelandic basalts. The conditions required for the stabilization of trans-crustal mushes may not be present in magmatic systems at spreading ridges. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Magma reservoir architecture and dynamics’.
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Benárd, Aurél. "Hallgrímskirkja, Reykjavík. A Late Example of Expressionist Church Architecture." YBL Journal of Built Environment 6, no. 1 (September 1, 2018): 86–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jbe-2018-0006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Reykjavík’s largest church, Hallgrímskirkja has become a symbol and an important part of Icelandic national identity. This edifice result of conscious planning process with its location and form reinforce its national significance. Its impact derives from several elements. Buildings symbolizing the identity of communities are usually quite conservative in form. Hallgrímskirkja, however, has distinct individual features that stem from architect Guðjón Samúelsson’s aspiration to express the nation’s identity in a specific architectural form.
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White, Robert S., Marie Edmonds, John Maclennan, Tim Greenfield, and Thorbjorg Agustsdottir. "Melt movement through the Icelandic crust." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 377, no. 2139 (January 7, 2019): 20180010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2018.0010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We use both seismology and geobarometry to investigate the movement of melt through the volcanic crust of Iceland. We have captured melt in the act of moving within or through a series of sills ranging from the upper mantle to the shallow crust by the clusters of small earthquakes it produces as it forces its way upward. The melt is injected not just beneath the central volcanoes, but also at discrete locations along the rift zones and above the centre of the underlying mantle plume. We suggest that the high strain rates required to produce seismicity at depths of 10–25 km in a normally ductile part of the Icelandic crust are linked to the exsolution of carbon dioxide from the basaltic melts. The seismicity and geobarometry provide complementary information on the way that the melt moves through the crust, stalling and fractionating, and often freezing in one or more melt lenses on its way upwards: the seismicity shows what is happening instantaneously today, while the geobarometry gives constraints averaged over longer time scales on the depths of residence in the crust of melts prior to their eruption. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Magma reservoir architecture and dynamics'.
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Küttner, Eva, Hooman K. Moghadam, Skúli Skúlason, Roy G. Danzmann, and Moira M. Ferguson. "Genetic architecture of body weight, condition factor and age of sexual maturation in Icelandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)." Molecular Genetics and Genomics 286, no. 1 (May 28, 2011): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00438-011-0628-x.
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BURTON-ROBERTS, NOEL, and GEOFFREY POOLE. "‘Virtual conceptual necessity’, feature-dissociation and the Saussurian legacy in generative grammar." Journal of Linguistics 42, no. 3 (October 13, 2006): 575–628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226706004208.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper is a critique of two foundational assumptions of generative work culminating in the Minimalist Program: the assumption that, as a matter of conceptual necessity, language has a ‘double-interface property’ and the related assumption that phonology has a realizational function with respect to syntax-semantics. The issues are broached through a critique of Holmberg's (2000) analysis of Stylistic Fronting in Icelandic. We show that, although empirically motivated, and although based on the double-interface assumption, this analysis is incompatible with that assumption and with the notion of (phonological) realization. Independently of Stylistic Fronting, we argue that the double-interface assumption is a problematic legacy of Saussure's conception of the linguistic sign and that, conceptually, it is neither explanatory nor necessary. The Representational Hypothesis (e.g. Burton-Roberts 2000) develops a Peircian conception of the relation between sound and meaning that breaks with the Saussurian tradition, though in a way consistent with minimalist goals. Other superficially similar approaches (Lexeme–Morpheme Base Morphology, Distributed Morphology, Jackendoff's Parallel Architecture) are discussed; it is argued that they, too, perpetuate aspects of Saussurian thought.
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Dincer, Demet, Thea Brejzek, and Lawrence Wallen. "Designing the Threshold: A Close Reading of Olafur Eliasson’s Approach to ‘Inside’ and ‘Outside’." Interiority 2, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/in.v2i1.48.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article discusses Icelandic installation artist Olafur Eliasson’s approach of the threshold as a productive liminal space rather than as a static boundary between the inside and the outside. Often defined as the physical division between the interior and the exterior in architecture, the authors argue that by looking at Eliasson’s works in detail, the threshold’s inherent capacity of comprising a dynamic dialogue between inside and outside where one is determined by the other unfolds. This paper proposes that designing the relationships between inside and outside involves subtle renegotiations and redefinitions of conventionalised notions of their boundaries and a resultant emergence of new design strategies.
Eliasson designs thresholds in diverse ways that he analyses and provokes the spatial associations between inside and outside, interior and exterior. While in Eliasson`s work the categories of inside and outside remain mutually exclusive, they physically co-exist at the same time; deliberately refracted, juxtapositioned, connected or confounded in an experimental yet rigorous approach that employs different scales and common characteristics. Seventeen of his works are analysed and grouped into four different threshold design strategies that result in an object, an association, an event and an immersive space.
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Þorsteinsson, Sæmundur E. "Nýting ljósleiðara á Íslandi." Icelandic Journal of Engineering 23 (April 28, 2017): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33112/ije.23.2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
General deployment of optical fibre technology commenced in the eighties. Its introduction revolutionised the telecommunications arena and has become the foundation of most telecommunication systems in use today. Optical fibres connect continents and countries, are used in core and access networks and for backhauling of mobile communication systems. The internet would barely exist without optical fibres and globalisation would hardly have seen the dawn of light. Three submarine optical cables connect Iceland to the outside world; Farice and Danice connect Iceland to Europe and Greenland Connect to America via Greenland. The optical ring around Iceland constitutes the Icelandic core network. The ring passes by nearly all villages and towns and fibre deployment in the access network has reached an advanced state. Fibre deployment in rural areas has already begun and will presumably be finished in a few years. Iceland plays a leading role in fibre deployment. In this paper, fibre utilisation in Iceland will be described, both in core and access networks. Three different architectures for fibre deployment in the access network will be described. Competition on fibre networks will also be discussed.
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Hafsteinsson. "“Icelandic Putridity”: Colonial Thought and Icelandic Architectural Heritage." Scandinavian Studies 91, no. 1-2 (2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/scanstud.91.1-2.0053.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Icelandic architecture"
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Maríudóttir, Katla. "Jarðnæði; Tranquil Terra." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-147877.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
“Jarðnæði; Tranquil Terra” is a meditation on the relationship between the dwelling and the dramatic ever-changing landscapes of the rural Icelandic countryside. The project is anchored in a place with a long and complex history and with a profound relationship with its landscapes - a place of wandering churches, lifesaving shipwrecks, growing houses, teeth in the ground, paths lined with crosses to protect against the ghosts and other dark creatures. It is a place where everything is vibrant, alive and has a story to tell. In the journey to the Tranquil Terra I navigated by means of cartography and critical fiction in search of ways to rethink the Icelandic architectural heritage beyond the nature-culture divide."Jarðnæði; Tranquil Terra " är en meditation över förhållandet mellan bostaden och det ständigt föränderliga landskapet på den isländska landsbygden. Projektet är förankrat i en plats med en lång och komplicerad historia och med en djup relation med sitt landskap - en plats för vandrande kyrkor, skeppsvrak, växande hus, vägar kantade med kors för att skydda mot spöken och andra skrämmande varelser. Det är en plats där allt är levande och har en historia att berätta. I resan till Tranquil Terra navigerade jag med hjälp av kartografi och kritisk fiction på jakt efter ett nytt sätt att tänka kring det isländska arkitektoniska arvet utöver klyftan mellan natur-kultur.
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Guðmundsdóttir, Anna Kristín. "Outdoor lighting in Icelandic schoolyards : The importance of outdoor lighting during the dark winter days." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-210258.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Schoolyards play an important role in the Icelandic education system. Students aged 6 to 12 years old are required to go outdoors for recess at least two times per day. To play, get fresh air and to regain energy for upcoming classes. The schoolyards are even sometimes used for outdoor education where the students can experience their nearest environment. The children spend a great time of their childhood in school, which should support their well-being by offering an environment of good quality.The thesis main objective is to examine the importance of outdoor lighting in Icelandic schoolyards by the dark winter days. Since Iceland is located at high latitudes, the amount of daylight varies between seasons, with shorter days by winter but longer and brighter days by the summer.The structure of the thesis is a combination of research background and a case study. The research background introduces the positive link between the outdoors and well-being and how the mindset towards the winter can change the perception of darkness. Possibilities of outdoor lighting are examined, how lighting can contribute to the users and the identity of urban spaces. The case study examines two Icelandic schools where the current conditions are analyzed. Qualitative interviews were carried out to gain insight from school employees about the school environment and their experience of the students‘ well-being during the dark winter months. Finally, a lighting proposal is introduced that illustrates how layers of light can enrich the school outdoor environment.It can be truly said that outdoor lighting is of high importance in Icelandic schoolyards, for the students to see and experience the schoolyard by dark winter days. It is important that the lighting is in context with the schoolyard elements and thereby enhancing the quality of the environment.
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Winters, Alex M. "Independent Together: Making Places for Community-Based Options in Senior Living." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1427980059.
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Lindelöf, Sofia. "Endurskógrækt : Tourism and Reforetsation in Iceland." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-229421.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Research and thoughts on how tourism in Iceland can interact with and influence the icelandic nature in a positive way. The project focuses on the reforestation of Iceland and how buildings and architecture can invite tourists to have a positive effect on the island. The project combines the activity of hiking and the function of the tree nursery to result in a new kind of eco tourist. Where Tourists can become a helpful force to the Icelandic nature, planting one tree at a time.
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Burke, Matthew John. "GPR investigations of the sedimentary architecture of jökulhlaup eskers : Skeidarájökull, Iceland and Bering glacier, Alaska." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2008. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/2339/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Eskers are ridges of stratified glaciofluvial material deposited in englacial, subglacial or supraglacial channels and ice-walled canyons. Eskers have been used to infer the dynamics and palaeo-hydrology of large ice sheets, despite observations of palaeo-esker sedimentary architecture lacking rigorous constraints on depositional timescale. This research aims to identify the hydrological, glaciological and sedimentary controls on the sedimentary architecture of single event outburst flood (jokulhlaup) eskers at SkeiOarârjOkull and Bering Glacier. These eskers formed during monitored outbursts, providing time constraints on the depositional events, thereby making the eskers ideal analogues for palaeo-eskers. GPR data was collected using a pulseEKKO Pro 1100 system at SkeiOarârjOkull and Bering Glacier during field seasons in 2006 and 2007. At SkeiOarãrjOkull grids of 100 MHz GPR lines were collected on the glacier surface and 200 MHz GPR grids were collected on all workable sections of an esker and ice-walled canyon fill generated by a jokulhlaup in November 1996. At Bering Glacier 200 MHz GPR grids were collected on workable sections of an ice-walled canyon fill and esker generated during outbursts in July-August and October 1994, respectively. Examination of the GPR data has allowed development of site-specific models for esker and ice-walled canyon fill deposition, providing the first detailed insight into the sedimentary architecture of single event jokulhlaup eskers. These models show that single high-magnitude jOkulhlaups can generate eskers with complexities previously unexpected for single events. The englacial position of an esker is controlled by the presence of structural weaknesses within the ice and the jokulhlaup release mechanism. Esker sedimentary architecture, on the other hand, is controlled by a complex interaction between hydrological, glaciological and sedimentary factors. The most fundamental control on jokulhlaup esker sedimentary architecture is conduit geometry, which determines the type of macroform from which the esker is composed. Thus, eskers deposited during jOkulhlaups should be made up of both wide ridges as composite macroforms in areas of conduit expansion and narrow ridges composed of upper-stage plane beds in constricted conduits. The smaller scale sedimentary features, which include antidunes and boulder clusters, as well as the frequency of erosional structures, are controlled by interactions between the flow conditions and sediment supply. The eskers generated during the 1996 SkeiOarãrhlaup and 1994 Bering Glacier outburst flood demonstrate sedimentary architectures that are similar to those identified in many palaeo-eskers described from previous studies. The research suggests that jOkulhlaups may have had a greater role in palaeo-esker sedimentary architecture than previously hypothesised.
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Dietz, Jonathan David. "Lithofacies architecture and facies models of volcanic, volcaniclastic and sedimentary rocks in the Hreppar Formation, Iceland : understanding hydrocarbon prospects in volcanic rifted margins." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/30927/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Predicting the geometry and continuity of clastic units within lava-dominated sequences in volcanic margin settings is problematic as they are typically laterally discontinuous, relatively thin and often poorly imaged in the subsurface. Although such sequences are well known, detailed studies of their lithofacies architecture are rare and poorly constrained, which can result in major challenges to hydrocarbon exploration in these settings. As the demand for hydrocarbons increases, exploration is being focussed on more challenging stratigraphic and tectonic settings, such as volcanic margins. Consequently, it is necessary we enhance our understanding of how petroleum systems interact with volcanic-prone sequences, in order to maximise recovery of hydrocarbons. Using a field analogue in conjunction with remote sensing datasets is fundamental to understanding these complicated systems. This study utilises the Hreppar Formation (HF) in SW Iceland as an analogue to understand elements of petroleum systems to reduce the challenges and risk associated with hydrocarbon exploration within volcanic-dominated basins. The HF at Flúðir, comprises basaltic lavas and interbasaltic sedimentary rocks of Plio-Pleistocene age (3.3-0.7Ma) and provides excellent 3D exposure. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the geology in this area and its relevance and importance to hydrocarbon exploration. Detailed field mapping and graphic logging have been combined with field panoramas and photogrammetry to characterise the sequence in detail and to identify the lateral (dis)connectivity of the clastic units, the main lithofacies, the different facies architectures, structural elements and drainage pathways within the HF. The detailed field data presented here are generally all below seismic resolution. In an offshore setting, with currently available technology, it is highly unlikely this level of detail can be captured using remote sensing tools alone. The advantage of using a field analogue such as that of the HF is the level of detail which can be captured. This enables the gap in scale, between field-scale and seismic¬/well-scale to be bridged. It allows models to be ground truthed, which reduces uncertainty and risk, essential to hydrocarbon exploration. This research identifies complex interaction between volcanic, glacial and fluvial systems, underpinned by a strong tectonic influence. >60% of the HF is dominated by sub-aerial basaltic lavas and predicting where lithofacies occur in these types of environments is challenging, however, through initial quantitative analysis of volcanic and sedimentary units in the HF, basic prediction in similar settings is possible. The field data collected in the HF can inform every stage of the development of a hydrocarbon field in a volcanic margin, from determining the architecture of a potential reservoir to defining the main structures and potential fluid pathways as well as deciding how to produce the field.
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Peterson, ANNA. "Picturing Meaning: Icelandic Students' Perceptions of their Purpose-Built School." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/5199.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Current trends in education and school architecture reflect a growing awareness of the interconnectedness of people and spaces. Spaces acquire meaning through the experiences of those who use them and can contribute to the development of a sense of place. Purpose-built schools have long been valued and built in Iceland. The broad purpose of this study was to explore Icelandic students’ perceptions of their purpose-built school. Specific research questions included: (a) What spaces in purpose-built schools are important to students? (b) What happens in these spaces? (c) What meaning, if any, do these identified spaces hold for students? and (d) In ascribing meaning to some of the identified spaces, do students develop a sense of place? This phenomenological research initiative used an emergent design methodology. Seven Grade 9 and three Grade 10 students were recruited for this study. Primary data sources included students’ photographs of important school spaces, individual photo-elicitation interviews, and walking tours. Participants identified 25 important school spaces and 7 issues of concern within these spaces. Further analysis examined participants’ complex construction of importance and meaning. Participants described that school spaces were more likely to become meaningful places, when the design of the educational facility was in harmony with students’ experiences. The results of this study should raise awareness of the importance of building such schools in Canada and encourage the inclusion of students’ unique perspectives in the design of future schools.Thesis (Master, Education) -- Queen's University, 2009-09-23 14:39:27.1
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Jonsson, Johannes Gisli. "Clausal architecture and case in Iceland." 1996. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9638979.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The basic goal of this work is to explore three interrelated issues in Icelandic syntax: the identification of structural case positions, the mechanisms for case checking and the role of case in NP licensing. As for the first issue, it is argued that nominative subjects in Icelandic are case-checked in Spec-IP or a lower position identified as Spec-TP (following Jonas 1992, 1993 and Jonas & Bobaljik 1993), but accusative objects are case-checked in their base-generated complement position or in a VP-external position identified as Spec-AgrOP (following Deprez 1989 and others). There are certain semantic restrictions on arguments in Spec-IP, Spec-TP or Spec-AgrOP but they are shown to be independent of case and derivable from the Mapping Hypothesis of Diesing (1992), the Shortest Derivation Requirement and other principles of grammar. In contrast to much recent work on Icelandic syntax, the traditional view that A-movement is always case-driven is defended in this thesis. Thus, it is argued that inherently case-marked NPs move to Spec-IP or Spec-TP to have covert nominative case checked as inherent case in Icelandic is irrelevant for satisfaction of the Case Filter. For the same reason, inherently case-marked objects in Icelandic need covert accusative case to satisfy the Case Filter whether they stay in situ or move to Spec-AgrOP. This approach to quirky arguments in Icelandic is used as a basis for a new analysis of nominative objects and agreement. Case checking of an NP requires government by a lexical head or a spec-head relation with a functional head of the appropriate kind. An NP can also satisfy the Case Filter by chain-linking to a structural case position, i.e. case transmission as in expletive-argument chains. More specifically, case is transmitted from the expletive in Spec-IP to the argument in the expletive passive/unaccusative construction (Safir 1985, Burzio 1986), but from the argument in Spec-TP to the expletive in the expletive-TP construction.
Книги з теми "Icelandic architecture"
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name, No. A guide to Icelandic architecture. ReykjavŁk: Association of Icelandic Architects, 2001.
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Jóhannesson, Dennis, ed. A guide to Icelandic architecture. Reykjavík: Association of Icelandic Architects, 2000.
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Helgason, Haraldur. Íslensku byggingarlistarverðlaunin 2007: Icelandic architecture award 2007. Edited by Kjarvalsstaðir (Reykjavík Iceland). Reykjavík]: Arkitektafélag Íslands, 2007.
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Ingvarsdóttir, Elísabet V. Icelandic contemporary design: Furniture, product design, architecture. Reykjavík: Crymogea, 2010.
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Thordarson, Olafur. Olafur Thordarson: Remain in art : a selection of works 2007-2014 : writing, drawing, painting, sculpture, architecture, video, audio. New York: Das Boot, 2015.
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Ólafsson, Guðmundur. The reconstructed medieval farm in Þjórsárdalur and the development of the Icelandic turf house. Edited by Hörður Ágústsson, Kristjánsdóttir Sigrún, Þjóðminjasafn Íslands, and Landsvirkjun (Iceland). [Reykajvík]: Published by the National Museum of Iceland and Landsvirkjun, the National Power Company, 2003.
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Gunnar, Kristjánsson. Churches of Iceland. Reykjavík: Iceland Review, 1988.
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(Reykjavik, Iceland) Arkís architects. Natural elements: The architecture of Arkís Architects. Stockholm: Arvinius+Orfeus, 2019.
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ArkitektĐr slandi, lei arvŁsir = Architekturfhrer Island = Architectural Guide to Iceland. ReykjavŁk: M l og menning, 2001.
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Abrecht, Birgit. Arkitektúr á Íslandi, leiðarvísir =: Architekturfürher Island = Architectural guide to Iceland. Reykjavik: Mál og menning, 2000.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Icelandic architecture"
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Sigurðsson, Halldór Ármann. "Topicality in Icelandic: Null Arguments and Narrative Inversion." In Architecture of Topic, edited by Valéria Molnár, Verner Egerland, and Susanne Winkler, 249–72. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501504488-009.
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"NOTES ON ICELANDIC ARCHITECTURE (Excerpt)." In Island Zombie, 187–88. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv10crcx8.55.
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"Notes on Icelandic Architecture (Excerpt)." In Island Zombie, 187–88. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780691208978-053.
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"Reykjavik Art Museum Reykjavik, Iceland Studio Granda." In International Architecture Yearbook: No. 8, 142–43. Taylor & Francis, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315012629-36.
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Karlsson, B. "Changing the building regulatory system in Iceland and paving the way toward electronic submission of building permits and automated code compliance checks." In eWork and eBusiness in Architecture, Engineering and Construction, 487–93. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b12516-77.
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"Cultural Tourism and Economic Development." In Cultural Tourism in the Wake of Web Innovation, 13–44. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8395-0.ch002.
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There are many links between cultural tourism and economic development. Governments from entire nations down to cities and counties have made tourism a focal point in their economic development efforts. This chapter discusses 18 types of cultural tourism attractions ranging from architecture to gastronomy to sex. Each of the types of cultural tourism are assessed in terms of the level of interaction between a tourist and an attraction. Travel and tourism's contribution to gross domestic product (GDP) has outpaced overall GDP in 62% of the 185 countries studied by the World Travel and Tourism Council in 2017. Tourism's contribution to GDP exceeds 10% for several countries with Iceland topping the list at 20.1%. Sustainability is a key to the success of any long-term development strategy, and this is certainly the case with cultural tourism. The tradeoff communities face is maximizing short term returns versus managing development (tourism) to maintain the quality of the resource for the long run. Over-tourism results when an attraction or a community experiences numbers of tourists beyond the carrying capacity of the attraction. While the marketplace is better suited for managing much of tourism and its impacts, government is uniquely suited to manage some key aspects of tourism. Government is better able than business to manage for the long term. Additionally, governments can weigh costs and benefits to different groups (e.g., residents versus tourists). Two case studies are presented to highlight these issues.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Icelandic architecture"
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de Almeida, Catherine. "Thermal Worlds: Redefining Spatial Thresholds With Temperature in the Geothermal Landscape." In 105th ACSA Annual Meeting Paper Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.105.14.
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Space is typically demarcated by its physical boundaries. The solidity of wall, ceiling and floor define architectural interiors. Space in the landscape, though structurally similar, is bounded by larger-scale material conditions, such as tree canopies, horizon, sky, and ground. How can architectural space be defined without architectural materials? As a proposal for the use of temperature as a space-making material for design, this design research project draws from philosophy and phenomenology to understand the body as an instrument for sensory experience. Architectural case studies are used to redefine the notion of physical, visually perceived space and ways intangible experiences are at the forefront of a design. It investigates how the manipulation of geothermal water can unlock the performative, ephemeral, and experiential characteristics of temperature as a material for redefining spatial thresholds within the geothermal landscape of Iceland.
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Vrasmas, Ecaterina, and Traian Vrasmas. "DEVELOPING A EUROPEAN PROFESSIONAL’S NETWORK IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:E LEARNING PROCESS AND OUTCOMES." In eLSE 2012. Editura Universitara, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-12-063.
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Title: Developing a European professional’s network in Inclusive Education: E learning process and outcomes Vrasmas, Ecaterina, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Panduri Street No.90, Bucharest; Email: ecaterinavr@yahoo.com Vrasmas, Traian, Ovidius University Constanta, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Bd. Mamaia Street No.124 Email: traianvrasmas@yahoo.com ABSTRACT The context The paper describes a European project focusing on using eLearning media, in order to establish is quite an actual trend establish a European network for professionals. It is a new and strong trend in education, particularly in inclusive education. Inclusive education is one of the highest challenges in the field of education, for all European countries. Each country had its own history, experiences, cultural conditions, its own approaches, opportunities and challenges but common work and values are needed. Short description A group of professionals from national associations in England, France, Island, Italy and Romania has decided, after the European Conference of Social inclusion (2008, Clairmond Ferrand, France) to act for the implementation of the conclusions from this conference. They have planned and started to build a network for inclusive education among those five national organizations. They planned and implemented a Leonardo project called “Partnership of professionals for inclusive education.” They implemented all the project working together, in order to share experiences and debate on which are the most relevant barriers in the European and each national context and find solutions to advance in inclusive education. Aside of the direct meetings, in each country, most of the project preparation and implementation was made via eLearning (email communication, site development, power point preparation and presentation, reporting on a European data base etc). The main objectives of the project were: - To built a web site of the project; - To work together for finding common barriers and solutions for inclusive education. The project has reached these objectives by using eLearning media. During the process and as a result of eLearning we have produced important outcomes: - A web site (http://inclusiveeducation-leonardo-professionals.blogs.apf.asso.fr,Utilisat eur: leo-nardoprofessionals, Mot de passe : leonardoprofessionals; - A list of barriers and facilitators of inclusive education; Additional outcomes were: - A Guide for professionals on inclusive education; - A lot of power point presentations, on international documents and policies on national educational policies and inclusive education history in each country, study cases and ex-periences, lessons learned in different visits. The project website was designed for all the partners and for all institutions dealing with educa-tion. It contains a glossary of inclusion, with the main concepts, in all five languages (English, French, Italian, Romanian and Icelandic). It describes the partners involved, some elements facili-tating the understanding of the European and international perspective on inclusive education, based on the experiences collected in the project, on the results and documents obtained. The list of barriers and facilitators of inclusive education is a synthesis of the professionals work and a result of several debates. After listing barriers and the facilitating factors, the elements which can be barriers and facilitators as well, the list contains the synthesis of the discussion from each country, on the topic of identification of particular aspects: defining inclusion, the major actors, the resources needed - just a few of the analyze points. The Guide for professionals has been developed by the project professionals, as a working tool, issued from the discussions during the school visits in the 5 countries, from the synthesis of analysis and of conclusions (from international sources) regarding inclusive educa-tion. It defines inclusion, suggests a set o principles, identifies solutions for the barriers, and offers concrete examples from each country, regarding policies, practices, cultures and values. It is an open and positive point of view. During the project more than 80 different power points presentation were produced, focusesd on in-ternational and national legislation, scientific arguments on inclusive education, each country policy and experiences. One of them is the Final slide show (album) 2009-2011. It contains photos which are presenting the countries that had participated (places, traditions, touristic attractions, art objects and towns architecture), as well as the "authors" involved in the project. The photos are proving the good collaboration during seminars, visits, during the attractive free time opportunities in each of the five countries. All these are posted on the website of the project, in order to become tools for inclusive education dissemination as eLearning instruments. Conclusions The process of eLearning using different media was vital during and for the success of this pro-ject. At the end it offered to all professionals participant the possibility to better understand the inclusion importance and issues and to promote a new perspective in education, via ongoing collaboration between professionals, cultures and experiences. Working in common for defining inclusive education in five national contexts and describing the barriers and solutions was very challenging. It was also necessary and rewording, in this moment of the European efforts for defending our common values.