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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Hypothetical case"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 8 лютого 2025

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Статті в журналах з теми "Hypothetical case"

FURMAN, JOSEPH M. "A Hypothetical Case Workup for Vertigo." Neurology Today 8, no. 11 (June 2008): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nt.0000324687.95983.52.

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Davis, Peter. "A Hypothetical Case of Compassionate Supply." Health Care Analysis 4, no. 3 (August 1996): 220–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1042(199608)4:3<220::aid-hca1188>3.0.co;2-t.

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Bobzien, Susanne. "Wholly Hypothetical Syllogisms." Phronesis 45, no. 2 (2000): 87–137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852800510144.

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AbstractIn antiquity we encounter a distinction of two types of hypothetical syllogisms. One type are the 'mixed hypothetical syllogisms'. The other type is the one to which the present paper is devoted. These arguments went by the name of 'wholly hypothetical syllogisms'. They were thought to make up a self-contained system of valid arguments. Their paradigm case consists of two conditionals as premisses, and a third as conclusion. Their presentation, either schematically or by example, varies in different authors. For instance, we find 'If (it is) A, (it is) B; if (it is) B, (it is) C; therefore, if (it is) A, (it is) C'. The main contentious point about these arguments is what the ancients thought their logical form was. Are A, B, C schematic letters for terms or propositions? Is 'is', where it occurs, predicative, existential, or veridical? That is, should 'Α στι' be translated as 'it is an A', 'A exists', 'As exist' or 'It is true/the case that A'? If A, B, C are term letters, and 'is' is predicative, are the conditionals quanti ed propositions or do they contain designators? If one cannot answer these questions, one can hardly claim to know what sort of arguments the wholly hypothetical syllogisms were. In fact, all the above-mentioned possibilities have been taken to describe them correctly. In this paper I argue that it would be mistaken to assume that in antiquity there was one prevalent understanding of the logical form of these arguments even if the ancients thought they were all talking about the same kind of argument. Rather, there was a complex development in their understanding, starting from a term-logical conception and leading to a propositional-logical one. I trace this development from Aristotle to Philoponus and set out the deductive system on which the logic of the wholly hypothetical syllogisms was grounded.

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Ash, J. S., J. G. Anderson, P. N. Gorman, R. D. Zielstorff, N. Norcross, J. Pettit, and P. Yao. "Managing Change: Analysis of a Hypothetical Case." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 7, no. 2 (March 1, 2000): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2000.0070125.

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Boomer, Lyman W., Tim S. Hartshorne, and C. Stuart Robertshaw. "Confidentiality and Student Records: A Hypothetical Case." Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth 39, no. 2 (January 1995): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1045988x.1995.9944621.

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Beck, William W. "Hypothetical Case History Related to Professional Liability Loss." Journal of Management in Engineering 6, no. 2 (April 1990): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)9742-597x(1990)6:2(203).

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Rahayu, N. A., and A. Wijaya. "Hypothetical Learning Trajectory: A Case of Statistical Thinking." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1097 (September 2018): 012109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1097/1/012109.

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Paul, Justin. "Strategising Future 'banks': Hypothetical Model." Ushus - Journal of Business Management 4, no. 1 (January 10, 2005): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12725/ujbm.5.4.

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The banking sector is going through a phase of consolidation and restructuring in India. 'Survival of the Fittest' has become a reality in the case of public sector commercial banks, with the opening up of new branches in all districts by new generation banks such as ICICI and HDFC and the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) practices implemented by private and foreign banks.

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Yen, Tran Thai, Pham Phuong Nam, and Phan Thi Thanh Bình. "Managing land complaints when the State acquires land: A case study in Bac Ninh city, Vietnam." Management Science Letters 13, no. 2 (2023): 150–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2022.11.004.

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The study's major purpose is to determine the factors that affect the settlement of land complaints and propose some policy implications to improve the settlement of land complaints. Experts are asked about the factors that may affect and their impact rates on the settlement of land complaints when the State acquires land. The proposed research model has 5 hypothetical latent variables and 17 hypothetical observed variables. As a result of the model being tested by SPSS 20.0 software, all hypothetical latent variables and hypothetical observed variables satisfy the test criteria. The impact rates of the hypothetical latent variables range from 9.19% to 36.15%. The group of implementing complaint settlement factors has the strongest influence, and the group of legal factors has the weakest influence. Policy proposals include improving settlement procedures and land databases, strengthening facilities and personnel, and perfecting the legal provisions for complaint resolution.

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Sade, Robert M. "Witnessing death, preserving life: an ethical dilemma (hypothetical case)." Annals of Thoracic Surgery 74, no. 5 (November 2002): 1429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4975(02)04100-0.

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Дисертації з теми "Hypothetical case"

Iyer, Amrita. "A Framework for Air Dispersion Modeling – A Hypothetical Case of Port Operations." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2014. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1813.

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One of the primary modes for pollutants to reach the human body is through their release into the atmosphere and dispersion in the nearby areas. This makes air emissions one of the important components of an environmental assessment. They are frequently of interest to the people living in the vicinity of the site. The analysis carried out in this research provides a framework for atmospheric dispersion modeling of air pollutants using AERMOD, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) approved regulatory model, for modeling port related emissions. There are various sources of emissions from the ports, however for this study, emissions from roadways, small equipment, and marine related sources are considered. AERMOD was used to estimate ambient pollutant concentrations of selective criteria pollutants such as NOx, SO2, CO and PM10 from a hypothetical port.

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Kabir, Qazi Anwar. "Investigating lay people's ability to formulate a hypothetical clinical case: a pilot study." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.585490.

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Case formulation within psychology and psychotherapy has often centred on this being the skill and task of the clinician. However, research into lay theories has identified that lay perceptions of mental illness are as varied as psychological theories and similar to mental health professionals. This study adopted a mixed methods approach to explore whether lay perceptions can be considered a formulation. Participants were shown a hypothetical vignette and asked to write a short statement as to what they believed was going on for the actress in the video. This was supplemented with suggestions asking participants to consider what the main issues were, how they may have developed and what may be keeping the problems going. Information was initially coded using template analysis which drew 'a priori codes' from the Case Formulation Content Coding Method (CFCCM). This helped to identify the relevant categories deemed important in case formulation and allowed for an 'overall quality' and 'comprehensiveness' score to be compared with previous research. Thematically analysing participants' responses within template analysis also allowed for the identification of new themes which aimed to offer the reader further context of the formulation ability of lay people. The results indicated that participants who have no prior experience or training in psychology or formulation appear to formulate. Participants' 'overall quality' and 'comprehensiveness' scores were comparable to mental health professionals from a previous study who had received formal training in formulation and significantly different to mental health professionals who had not. However participant formulations appeared to lack the depth of mental health professionals and further investigations are recommended. The findings are also discussed in terms of how this information can be used within clinical practice and the wider implications regarding lay psychological mindedness. 0809, RES, UofL: 08127478, UofN: 4092609, Thesis_resubmission 1

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魏俊輝 and Junhui Wei. "A hypothetical urban design approach for rethinking mega-scale podium redevelopment in Hong Kong: North PointHarbour redevelopment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42930893.

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Mandlhate, Gaby de Nascimento. "REDUCING SURVEY HYPOTHETICAL BIAS THROUGH REVEALED BEHAVIOR PRIMING: A CASE OF STUDENT PREFERENCE FOR BEEF SERVED BY UNIVERSITY DINING." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/agecon_etds/81.

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Economists are still searching for methods to reduce/eliminate Hypothetical Bias (HB). Different methods have been previously applied some with success and others without. In this study, we aimed to further test the cognitive dissonance approach (CD) through a learning design method to estimate the WTP for five beef attributes: Non-quality, Kentucky Proud, Appalachian, Grass Fed and a mix of 25% Non-quality and 75% Kentucky Proud, using a one and one half bounded model. To test the CD, 881 participants from the University of Kentucky, were randomly assigned to a real/hypothetical market for a battery recycling project at first and afterwards to a hypothetical market for beef. For the battery recycling, participants were asked to donate $1, $2 or $3. For the beef market, participants were randomly assigned to a $4 or $6 for the non-quality attribute patty. Participants assigned to a $4 were afterwards randomly assigned to a $4.5, $5, $5.5 or $6 and the ones assigned to a $6 were afterwards assigned to a $6.5, $7, $7.5 and $8 for the other attribute patties. From this study, we found that the learning design was effective in reducing the cognitive dissonance or conflicts between what consumers say and their actions.

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M'pasi, Abrahams Mutedi. "An application of an option pricing model to evaluate the cost of a government loan guarantee : an hypothetical case based on Eskom." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17348.

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Bibliography: pages 78-81.
In the late 1930s, the Great Depression and its consequences led to the U.S federal government's intervention in credit assistance and insurance programmes. The main reason for this intervention was that there was a general desire to rescue individuals and businesses which were unable to repay their debts when due. Considerable debate has focused on the determination of the magnitude of the government liabilities resulting from guaranteed loan re-payments. Today, most nations, including South Africa, employ such government guarantees, but they are often improperly valued; that is, one has no idea whether such guarantees are 'good ' or 'bad' policy tools. This paper illustrates how Put option pricing models may be used to estimate the 'real' cost to the South African government of a loan guarantee to Eskom, which is investing a large hydroelectric project in Mozambique, hypothetically assuming that Eskom has been privatized. While the paper recognises the importance of the insurance premium which could be charged by the government for its loan guarantee, the results under the hypothetical case show that the Eskom is able to readily repay the promised payment and, thus, the loan guarantee provides value to Eskom's owners. In this regard, one can argue that parties involved in such a project, such as the South African government, Eskom and the European agencies may benefit from the loan guarantee programme. Thus, a loan guarantee programme may be seen as a 'good' policy tool to resolve conflicts between lenders and borrowers, to encourage investment and to meet a broader public interest.

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Berry, Michael James. "Exploring the hypothetical as an intervention tool for organisation communication, using the case study of Centrelink as the basis for the exploration." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2003. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15855/1/Michael_Berry_Thesis.pdf.

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This study is an exploration of a change management intervention tool described here as the Hypothetical'. This tool is not described in organisation literature, but many of its functions and features can be found in theories relating to, for example, organisational communication, change management, leadership and team dynamics. The Hypothetical does, however, appear as a discussion forum in the popular media. In the 1980s and 1990s, the high profile television program, Hypotheticals, hosted by Geoffrey Robertson QC, dramatised decision making processes, and teased out some of the moral dilemmas inherent in social and political problems, utilising high profile panelists from the social, political and business elites. In the 1990s, the Hypothetical made a transition from the television screen to the management meeting room and the executive suite. The researcher of this study has similarly used the Hypothetical in his capacity as a communications consultant for a number of public and private client organisations. With this background, this study was undertaken to explore the Hypothetical and to identify those functions and features that define its appropriateness as an intervention for organisational communication and change. The findings from this study are founded on two aspects a review of relevant organisation literature, and data from the presentation of a specific Hypothetical intervention to the public organisation Centrelink Queensland. The Hypothetical tool, as identified in this study, is a one-off, 90 minute performance involving a facilitator, audience, and members of a panel who represent the organisation in which semi-fictitious storylines are meant to symbolise elements in the cultural life of the organisation. The study also identifies a Hypothetical process in which research methods that are applied, before and after the intervention performance, help to identify the functions and features of the intervention. The features of the Hypothetical, as an intervention are viewed through the lens of Goffman's 1959) classic theoretical framework of symbolic interactionism, where the organisation is conceptualised as 'theatre', and the motivations and actions of its members are interpreted through the symbolism of theatrical performance and interaction. The study also draws on symbolic convergence theory to explain what happens inside an organisation through the language, conflicts and shared cultural experiences of its members. The Centrelink Hypothetical in this study reflects aspects of the shared organisational culture, and presents its fictitious storylines in the context of dialogues between its panelists. The panelists are representatives of their organisation and are heard reflecting the values of that organisation's culture. Consequently, the analysis of text through the Hypothetical transcript the deciphering of shared narratives, mindsets, motivations and visions of the future, and so forth forms a significant aspect of the study for conceptualising Centrelink organisational culture, and for identifying how problems of communication and change have become embedded in that culture. More specifically, it is through the Centrelink Hypothetical that this study seeks to identify the functions of the Hypothetical and to determine how they may contribute solutions to Centrelink's management problems. The literature consulted for this study reveals that the Hypothetical is closely allied, as an intervention process, with the relatively new management practice of scenario planning. It scenario planning that attempts to build a generative learning capability within organisations a continuously looping process of deep learning that takes place within each organisation's unique strategic conversation. This study draws on scenario planing to identify similar performance features within the Hypothetical process stimulating the organisation to be responsive to, and to embrace, change; finding appropriate methods of communication; identifying and modifying mental models. This study also highlights a significant difference between the scenario planning process and the Hypothetical. Emerging literature in management psychology asserts the importance of the emotionally intelligent team, which demonstrates its social skills and empathy. However, the driving force behind scenario planning is 'the business idea', or the organisation's mental model and what drives it, and there is little or no attention paid to the importance of emotional capabilities in the scenario planning literature. Findings from the Centrelink case demonstrate that a significant dimension of the Hypothetical experience is the impact of symbolically convergent scripted roles and the related capacity to utilise emotional intelligence. Consequently, this study recommends that suitable emotional frameworks be employed throughout the Hypothetical process to help discern appropriate members' behaviours and suggest how the combination of such behaviours may be used to enhance the organisation's future generative learning process.

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Berry, Michael James. "Exploring the Hypothetical as an intervention tool for organisation communication, using the case study of Centrelink as the basis for the exploration." Queensland University of Technology, 2003. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15855/.

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Chimhande, Tinoda. "Design research towards improving understanding of functions : a South African case study." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40185.

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The function concept is one of the most important concepts in the learning of mathematics (Dubinsky & Harel, 1992), yet it is considered by many researchers to be one of the least understood and most difficult concepts to master in the learning of high school mathematics (Eisenberg, 1992, Sfard, 1992). To this end, problems concerning its teaching and learning are often confronted (Mann, 2000) and few teachers know how learners come to understand functions (Yoon, 2007). As a result, most teachers teach functions using the conventional approach which starts by stating definitions followed by examples and then a few applications. The nature of this approach has not encouraged teachers to engage learners and their ways of reasoning in knowledge construction and adequately addressing their difficulties. The purpose of this study was to use design research to improve the teaching and learning of functions at grade 11 level. This was achieved by adapting design cycles of Wademan’s (2005) Generic Design Research model in which each cycle comprised different iterative APOS (Action, Process, Object, Schema) analysis, design, development and implementation of hypothetical learning trajectories (HLTs). I started by interrogating twelve grade 11 learners of a particular rural high school on the June 2011 mathematics paper 1 examination they had written to determine the APOS theory conception level each learner was operating at, and their difficulties. Learners’ difficulties from initial interviews and literature were grouped under the function definition and representation. I then designed instruction based on HLTs embedded with Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) activities and two separate tasks on the definition and representation as a form of intervention to help learners move up from their initial conception levels to the next and to overcome their difficulties. After each design cycle I interviewed learners based on the task for a particular concept and learners’ responses were analysed using APOS theory and used to design further instruction to help learners approximate the schema level of understanding concepts related to functions. The major findings of this study were that the use of learners’ conceptions and RME activities in designing instruction helped learners to progress smoothly through APOS theory conception levels though they did not fully reach the intended schema level. In addition, design research cycles and their HLTs implemented in a constructivist environment enabled learners to collectively derive working definitions of the function concept and to improve their conceptual understanding of the process of switching from a graph to an equation. Another contribution of this study has been a deeper understanding of the extent to which design research can be used to improve learners’ understanding of functions and an addition of some insights to the teaching and learning of functions.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Science, Mathematics and Technology Education
unrestricted

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Earle, Simon Yohann. "An examination of the experiences of five African American male students with regard to school discipline practices." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001624.

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Ben, marzouka Wided. "Modélisation conjointe des connaissances humaines et machines pour de meilleurs approches d’aide à la décision." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IMTA0452.

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Ce travail de recherche propose une nouvelle approche de modélisation des connaissances humaines et machines dans le processus d’identification des pannes (IP). Trois contributions majeures sont apportées : (1) la structuration de la base de cas hypothétiques (H-CB), qui reflète le raisonnement séquentiel des experts et permet une meilleure organisation des observations pour optimiser l’IP ; (2) l’extraction des connaissances, intégrant un raisonnement possibiliste pour traiter l’hétérogénéité des primitives observées, introduire un vecteur de connaissance possibiliste (PSK) et améliorer la précision du diagnostic grâce à une similarité possibiliste ; et (3) un apprentissage incrémental qui favorise l’intégration continue des nouvelles connaissances, garantissant ainsi l’évolution du système en fonction des nouveaux cas rencontrés et une amélioration constante des décisions. L’approche développée, Possibilistic Hypothetical Case-Based Reasoning (PH-CBR), a été validée expérimentalement. Les résultats démontrent une amélioration significative par rapport aux approches classiques de raisonnement à base de cas, réduisant le nombre de primitives nécessaires pour l’IP et optimisant l’efficacité des machines industrielles en minimisant le temps de diagnostic
This research introduces a novel approach to modeling human and machine knowledge in the fault identification (FI). It makes three key contributions:(1) the structuring of the Hypothetical Case Base (H-CB), which captures the sequential reasoning of experts and organizes observations to enhance FI; (2) knowledge extraction, incorporating possibilistic reasoning to manage the heterogeneity of observed primitives, introduce a Possibilistic Knowledge Vector (PSK), and improve diagnostic accuracy through possibilistic similarity; and (3) an incremental learning mechanism that enables the continuous integration of new knowledge, allowing the system to evolve with newly encountered cases and refine decision-making. The proposed approach, Possibilistic Hypothetical Case-Based Reasoning (PH-CBR), has been experimentally validated. Results show significant improvements over traditional case-based reasoning methods, reducing the number of primitives required for FI and enhancing industrial machine efficiency by minimizing diagnostic time

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Книги з теми "Hypothetical case"

Meyer, P. D. Hydrologic uncertainty assessment for decommissioning sites: Hypothetical test case applications. Washington, DC: Division of Risk Analysis and Applications, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 2001.

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Funke, Michael. Growth and convergence in a two-region model: The hypothetical case of Korean unification. [Washington, D.C.]: International Monetary Fund, Research Department, 2002.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Air and Radiation and Coalbed Methane Outreach Program (U.S.), eds. Economic assessment of the potetntial for profitable use of coal mine methane: Case studies of three hypothetical U.S. mines. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Radiation, 1995.

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Nuclear Energy Agency. Probabilistic System Assessment Group., ed. PSACOIN levels intercomparison: An international code intercomparison exercise on a hypothetical safety assessment case study for radioactivewaste disposal systems. Paris: Nuclear Energy Agency,OECD, 1993.

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Agency, OECD Nuclear Energy. Psacoin Level O Intercomparison: An International Code Intercomparison Exercise on A Hypothetical Safety Assessment Case Study For Radioactive Waste Disposal Systems. S.l: s.n, 1987.

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A, Nies, and OECD Nuclear Energy Agency. Probabilistic System Assessment Code User Group., eds. Psacoin level 1A intercomparison: An international code intercomparison exercise on a hypothetical safety assessment case study for radioactive waste disposal systems. Paris, France: Nuclear Energy Agency, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1990.

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Nuclear Energy Agency. Probabilistic System Assessment Code User Group. PSACOIN level 0 intercomparison: An international code intercomparison exercise on a hypothetical safety assessment case study for radioactive waste disposal systems. Paris: O.E.C.D., 1987.

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United States. Government Accountability Office. Peacekeeping: Cost comparison of actual UN and hypothetical U.S. operations in Haiti : report to the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 2006.

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Ashley, Kevin D. Modeling legal argument: Reasoning with cases and hypotheticals. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1990.

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Swartz, Tara M., William V. Hoch, and Mary E. O'Neal. Top 10 tricky FMLA situations & solutions: A series of case hypotheticals. Boston, MA: MCLE New England, 2015.

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Частини книг з теми "Hypothetical case"

Solid, Craig A. "Hypothetical Case Studies." In Return on Investment for Healthcare Quality Improvement, 175–213. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46478-3_7.

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Vanderbent, Saskia. "Hypothetical case studies." In Attracting Sustainable Investment, 218–29. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003324669-9.

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Baczyński, Michał, and Katarzyna Miś. "Selected Properties of Generalized Hypothetical Syllogism Including the Case of R-implications." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 673–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91473-2_57.

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Eriksson, Eva, Mike Revitt, Hans-Christian Holten-Lützhøft, Christophe Viavattene, Lian Scholes, and Peter Steen Mikkelsen. "Emission control strategies for short-chain chloroparaffins in two semi-hypothetical case cities." In Urban Environment, 213–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2540-9_20.

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Feijo, Isabelle, Steve Hoare, and Karen Sarmiento. "Admission and Discharge Planning." In Longer-Term Psychiatric Inpatient Care for Adolescents, 31–38. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1950-3_4.

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AbstractIt is essential that staff of an adolescent inpatient psychiatry unit have the capacity and authority to ensure parents and treating community clinicians support the admission, families participate in the treatment, and community clinicians participate in discharge planning and assertive follow up since these are features known to improve clinical outcomes. The chapter outlines, through the use of a hypothetical case example, the processes involved in admission to and discharge from the Walker Unit.

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Szydłowski, Michał. "Application of Hydrodynamics Model for a Case Study of the Kolbudy II Reservoir Embankment Hypothetical Failure." In Experimental Methods in Hydraulic Research, 299–306. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17475-9_22.

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Pantin, Isabelle. "The Illustrated Printed Page as a Tool for Thinking and for Transmitting Knowledge. The Case of the Theoricae Planetarum." In Scientific Visual Representations in History, 33–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11317-8_2.

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AbstractDuring the early modern period, astronomy underwent a profound transformation in the way it was taught, as the response of an enlarged readership took on more and more importance. This change notably concerned the use of images and diagrams. The Theoricae planetarum, especially Peuerbach’s Theoricae novae planetarum, are a privileged example in this respect, for they served a particularly large range of functions. They were mnemonic tools and visual glossaries, and an essential element in Peuerbach’s pedagogical approach. They had a documentary role, as they gave plausible representations of the celestial spheres; they could be used as proofs of the soundness of a “theory,” or could simply help to follow a geometrical demonstration. Some of them were small-scale models designed to serve as tools for the mind to better grasp the complex combination of movements in what was then called machina mundi. All these figures, and their power to exercise the mind, were well suited to a period when more and more astronomers were involved in imagining, drawing, and comparing hypothetical models of planetary movements.

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Whitacre, Ryan. "How the Science of HIV Treatment-as-Prevention Restructured PEPFAR’s Strategy: The Case for Scaling up ART in ‘Epidemic Control’ Countries." In Social Aspects of HIV, 187–200. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69819-5_14.

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AbstractThe clinical logics of TasP shaped PEPFAR’s latest strategic initiative to achieve ‘epidemic control’ including the organisation’s use of metrics for evaluating performance, and decisions for allocating funds to specific programs and countries. TasP was conceptualised as an ‘evidence-based’ solution for effectively treating and preventing HIV, which could be consistently measured and reported on, however its ability to produce the right kinds of evidence remained abstract and hypothetical. The effects of TasP have also been evident in the budget since PEPFAR launched the strategy to achieve ‘epidemic control’. Whereas under previous initiatives to ‘lead to the global response’ to the epidemic, PEPFAR supported a wider variety of program areas, including by strengthening health systems, under the strategy of epidemic control PEPFAR has prioritised treatment programs over and above all others. TasP also justified disproportionate spending on a subset of countries. By adopting the clinical logics of TasP, PEPFAR justified spending on a limited number of programmes in a small set of countries that could produce what it defined as the right kinds of outcomes, and laid the groundwork for the retreat of US foreign aid.

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Farmer, Antoinette Y., and G. Lawrence Farmer. "Hypothetical Case Illustration." In Research with Diverse Groups, 81–86. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199914364.003.0004.

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"Appendix A: Hypothetical Case." In Sapphic Slashers, 201–12. Duke University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780822381013-011.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Hypothetical case"

Shepherd, Karl, and Jeremy Wills. "Avionics Open Systems Architecture Standardization." In Vertical Flight Society 74th Annual Forum & Technology Display, 1–16. The Vertical Flight Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0074-2018-12730.

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The United States (US) Department of Defense is requiring the use of open systems architectures to reduce the lifecycle cost and enable a more frequent upgrade of capabilities in current and new weapon systems. The US DoD and its military services are actively engaged in the development of many open architecture standards efforts, such as the FACETM, HOST, OMS, UCI, and SOSATM Standards, through participation in standards consortiums and US Government led standards working groups. Our research builds upon Rockwell Collins prior and ongoing work in the development of open standards and implementation in our solutions. This paper will introduce relevant avionics open architecture standards, discuss the key attributes of each standard, compare the relationship among the standards, and examine technical approaches to develop integrated avionics solutions through the integration of systems and subsystems implemented with different open architecture standards. Following the discussion of the main concepts, the paper will present a case study detailing a hypothetical VTOL avionics system requiring integration of multiple OSA standards. The case study will concentrate on not only the technical aspects of physical/logical integration, but also on the procedural aspects of system engineering methodology.

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Kim, Sunwoo, Joungho Park, and Jay H. Lee. "Integrated Temporal Planning for Design and Operation of the International Green Ammonia Supply Chain." In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design, 477–83. Hamilton, Canada: PSE Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69997/sct.156355.

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This research is dedicated to designing and economically evaluating the green ammonia supply chain, considering the fluctuating nature of renewable energy sources and energy demand across both hourly and seasonal variations. It also explores the impact of economies of scale and the delays associated with long-distance shipping to meet energy demands in a timely manner. These considerations require the formulation of a Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming model, further complicated by the necessity for a two-stage stochastic programming approach. We introduce a hierarchical optimization framework that utilizes a decomposition method to differentiate between one-time design decisions and subsequent operational choices. At the upper level, potential design solutions are identified through the Bayesian Optimization and Hyperband algorithm, which effectively navigates the non-linear challenges posed by economies of scale. The lower level then addresses a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming problem to independently assess the feasibility of each scenario. Our empirical analysis includes case studies of three potential international routes for transporting green ammonia to Korea. We contrasted our methodology with a hypothetical scenario that presupposes a constant supply of power and a stable demand for energy. Additionally, techno-economic analyses were conducted to evaluate the implications of the minimum operational limits for electrolyzers.

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Fan, Chi-Yuan, Richard Field, and Thomas P. O Connor. "Industrial Use of Stormwater: A Hypothetical-Case Study." In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)37.

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Sugitatsu, Yamato, and Shripad T. Revankar. "Wall Materials Effects on Sheltered Indoor Doses From an SMR Hypothetical Accident Release." In 2021 28th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone28-62097.

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Abstract Small modular reactors (SMRs) are expected as a suitable candidate to fulfill energy needs in the future. The regulation of the emergency planning zone (EPZ) has been a controversial issue. The possibility of smaller EPZs because of their small core size and passive safety functions has still under discussion. The major emergency responses to radiological incidents in the early phase are evacuation from the area and sheltering-in-place within a building. Comparison between the dose incurred during evacuation and that with sheltering-in-place is necessary to consider the proper protective actions. This study focuses on effect of wall materials on indoor doses for sheltered population from small modular reactor severe accident. The source term came from loss of coolant accident or station blackout, and the time change of air concentration and the ground deposition data was calculated with RASCAL, a software developed by NRC to provide dose projection around the plant. Then general one-story and two-story houses were set up, and 6 wall materials were selected for calculating indoor doses. Cloudshine and groundshine were calculated with Monte Carlo methods, and the shielding function of each house was evaluated by comparing the indoor dose with outdoor dose. The result will be a basis for calculating the radiological dose for sheltered cases in case of nuclear emergency for SMR, which will be valuable to have a more effective emergency planning.

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Fontenault, Jeremy, and Tara Franey. "Consequence Modeling of Hypothetical Releases From Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Transport Pipelines." In 2022 14th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2022-87131.

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Abstract Reducing carbon emissions is increasingly becoming a priority to combat climate change. Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is one of the primary approaches to help combat carbon emissions in the oil and gas and other industries. These technologies involve capturing the CO2 from combustion, refining, or other types of industrial activities, then transporting that CO2 to another location where it can be utilized or stored underground or below the sea floor. Pipelines are one of the primary transportation methods, and as more CCUS operations start to come online, more pipelines will be built or converted from transporting hydrocarbons to transporting CO2. Like most products transported by pipeline, there are risks associated with CO2 transport. However, these risks are quite different from those of hydrocarbon transport. CO2 is not flammable and is less toxic. The primary risk associated with a release of a large quantity of CO2 is the displacement of oxygen that can cause an asphyxiation hazard. Direct exposure to cooled CO2 liquid or gas can cause irritation or even frostbite. CO2 releases into water can harmfully alter the water pH level. Due to these risks, it is necessary for operators to understand the potential consequences of an accidental loss of containment. This paper will review an approach for consequence modeling used for the potential conversion of service from crude oil transport to CO2, for a confidential pipeline operator. This will include an overview of the modeling tools used, the inputs and assumptions incorporated, the range of hypothetical release scenarios considered (including full-bore ruptures and smaller leaks) and overview of the results. This assessment was used to answer a variety of questions asked to evaluate whether this conversion was a viable project. This included determining the potential impact area from a worst-case discharge, what receptors are at risk, and identifying optimal operational considerations (i.e. valve type and placement, leak detection requirements, etc.). This approach for consequence modeling for CO2 pipelines can be used to help ensure safety during the coming energy transition.

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Huang, S. N., S. S. Shiraga, and L. M. Hay. "The State of Stress of Transportation Packages During Hypothetical Accident Free-Drop Impact." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2796.

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In general, only stress-based design criteria are used and accepted by regulatory agencies to demonstrate transportation package structural performance by analysis. However, as stated in the regulatory guidance, other criteria may be accepted on a case-by-case basis. There are efforts to develop alternate design criteria, based on strain or strain energy density, to demonstrate acceptable structural performance of packages under the HAC free drop. Prior to developing such design criteria, two elements must be understood and developed: (1) the failure mechanism from strain or strain energy density and (2) a theory of failure. However, in order to understand the failure mechanism and to develop a theory of failure, the stress state behavior (stress fields) must be known. As a first step, this paper examines and reports the stress states for free-drop impact loadings on two transportation packages currently in use.

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Gesell, Greg, Karl Fryklind, and Brian Spott. "Case Study of WTE and Gasification." In 16th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec16-1920.

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Great interest surrounds new technologies that are being offered as alternatives to conventional combustion of waste. Developers have identified the benefits of emerging technologies over existing technologies. In the years since many of today’s existing waste-to-energy (WTE) facilities were built in the United States, the technology required to process waste has improved dramatically in both environmental and operational performance. This technical paper presents a hypothetical study comparison of a generic WTE plant with plasma-arc gasification or other gasification technology. The case study represents a greenfield facility that would process 1000 TPD of MSW in two trains of 500 TPD each. The comparison includes the following elements: 1. General physical description of the facilities; 2. Emissions performance; 3. Byproduct and waste generation; and 4. Energy production. The comparison also discusses differential capital and operating costs, but does not attempt to establish these costs or compare economic feasibility.

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Dehghani Champiri, Masoud, Arezou Attar, Mohammad Hanifehzadeh, Kaspar J. Willam, and Bora Gencturk. "Tip-Over Simulation of Degraded Dry Storage Structures." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-50832.

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Concrete dry cask structures may be degraded due to environmental aging before they are encountered to hypothetical events. In this paper, first long term behavior of dry cask structures including creep and shrinkage is investigated numerically using COMSOL. Subsequently, the findings of the first part of the study are implemented into LS-DYNA to perform a crash analysis. Two cases including full bond and no bond between concrete cask and steel liner are compared. The results show shear transfer and significant damage in the interfacial region of the concrete cask and steel liner in the case of full bond, and large inelastic deformations far beyond the strain level for tensile cracking and compressive crushing of concrete.

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BAGCHI, SAIKAT, TIMIR BARAN ROY, and ASHUTOSH BAGCHI. "Monitoring Concrete Strength Using Strain Energy Based Structural Health Monitoring Technique: Hypothetical Case Study of a Gravity Dam." In Structural Health Monitoring 2019. Lancaster, PA: DEStech Publications, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/shm2019/32143.

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Dimovski, Darko. "Female Convicts' Right to Biomedically Assisted Conception." In International Scientific Conference “LIFE IN PRISON: Criminological, Penological, Psychological, Sociological, Legal, Security and Medical Issues”, 323–38. Institute of Criminological and Sociological Research, Belgrade, Serbia, 2024. https://doi.org/10.47152/prisonlife2024.32.

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In the prologue to his paper, the author presents a hypothetical case, posing a question whether a female convict serving a multi-year prison sentence in the Correctional Institution for Women in Požarevac, who cannot become pregnant naturally, could use a biomedically assisted fertilization procedure. The answer to that question implies an analysis of the Law on Biomedically Assisted Fertilization and the Instructions for the implementation of infertility treatment with biomedically assisted fertilization charged to mandatory health insurance funds. Before the author analyses the normative framework applied to the hypothetical case referred to in the prologue, he presents the facts related to the fertility rate in the Republic of Serbia in the introductory part of the paper. After establishing the conditions under which a woman can request biomedically assisted fertilization, it is necessary to determine whether the legislator in the Law on Execution of Criminal Sanctions has envisaged such a possibility. The next part of the paper is dedicated to a review of the mentioned normative framework through a hypothetical case, whereby the author deems necessary to analyse the judgment of the European Court of Human Rights in order to compare it with the situation in the Republic of Serbia regarding the exercise of this right. In the conclusion of the paper, the author presents certain dilemmas regarding the conditions under which a convicted woman can exercise her right to biomedically assisted fertilization, while encountering obstacles in practice.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Hypothetical case"

Meyer, Philip D., and Randal Y. Taira. Hydrologic Uncertainty Assessment for Decommissioning Sites: Hypothetical Test Case Applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/781855.

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Williams, Adam David, Douglas Osborn, Katherine A. Jones, Elena Arkadievna Kalinina, Brian Cohn, Maikael A. Thomas, Mancel Jordan Parks, Ethan Rutledge Parks, and Amir H. Mohagheghi. Hypothetical Case and Scenario Description for International Transportation of Spent Nuclear Fuel. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1414893.

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Liang, Shaobo, Hongmei Gu, Ted Bilek, and Richard Bergman. Life-cycle cost analysis of a mass-timber building: methodology and hypothetical case study. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/fpl-rp-702.

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Olyphant, G. A., and K. M. Spindler. Three dimensional visualization of hydrostratigraphic data using RockWorks/2002(TM) - A hypothetical case study. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/299504.

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Esbach, Michael, and Brian Weeks. Valuing Ecosystem Services: A Qualitative Analysis of Drinking Water in the Solomon Islands. American Museum of Natural History, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5531/cbc.ncep.0014.

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This case study introduces the concept of ecosystem valuation through a hypothetical drinking water scenario in the Solomon Islands. Solomon Islanders, along with all humans, benefit from the resources and processes supplied by natural ecosystems that are increasingly threatened due to human demands. On top of this, ecosystem services are undervalued in a market-based system. This case study gives readers a real-world perspective of the applicability, opportunities, and confounding factors that exist when valuing ecosystem services.

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BAGIYAN, A., and A. VARTANOV. SYSTEMS ACQUISITION IN MULTILINGUAL EDUCATION: THE CASE OF AXIOLOGICALLY CHARGED LEXIS. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2021-13-4-3-48-61.

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The process of mastering, systematizing and automatizing systems language skills occupies a key place in the theory and practice of teaching foreign languages and cultures. Following the main trends of modern applied linguistics in the field of multilingual research, we hypothesize the advisability of using the lexical approach in mastering the entire complex of systems skills (grammar, vocabulary, phonology, functions, discourse) in students receiving multilingual education at higher educational institutions. In order to theoretically substantiate the hypothesis, the authors carry out structural, semantic, and phonological analysis of the main lexical units (collocations). After this, linguodidactic analysis of students’ hypothetical problems and, as a result, problems related to the teaching of relevant linguistic and axiological features is carried out. At the final stage of the paper, a list of possible outcomes from the indicated linguistic and methodological problematic situations is given. This article is the first in the cycle of linguodidactic studies of the features of learning and teaching systems language skills in a multilingual educational space.

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Virtucio, Michael, Barbaros Cetiner, Bingyu Zhao, Kenichi Soga, and Erturgul Taciroglu. A Granular Framework for Modeling the Capacity Loss and Recovery of Regional Transportation Networks under Seismic Hazards: A Case Study on the Port of Los Angeles. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/hxhg3206.

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Earthquakes, being both unpredictable and potentially destructive, pose great risks to critical infrastructure systems like transportation. It becomes crucial, therefore, to have both a fine-grained and holistic understanding of how the current state of a transportation system would fare during hypothetical hazard scenarios. This paper introduces a synthesis approach to assessing the impacts of earthquakes by coupling an image-based structure-and-site-specific bridge fragility generation methodology with regional-scale traffic simulations and economic loss prediction models. The proposed approach’s use of context-rich data such as OpenStreetMap and Google Street View enables incorporating information that is abstracted in standard loss analysis tools like HAZUS in order to construct nonlinear bridge models and corresponding fragility functions. The framework uses a semi-dynamic traffic assignment model run on a regional traffic network that includes all freeways and local roads (1,444,790 edges) and outputs traffic volume on roads before and after bridge closures due to an earthquake as well as impacts to individual trips (42,056,426 trips). The combination of these models enables granularity, facilitating a bottom-up approach to estimating costs incurred solely due to physical damage to the transportation network. As a case study, the proposed framework is applied to the road network surrounding the Port of Los Angeles---an infrastructure of crucial importance---for assessing resilience and losses at a high resolution. It is found that the port area is disproportionately impacted in the hypothetical earthquake scenario, and delays in bridge repair can lead to a 50% increase in costs.

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Simelton, Elisabeth, Rachmat Mulia, Clement Rigal, Tuan Minh Duong, Phuong Mai Nguyen, Hanna North, and Xuan Hieu Le. Beyond carbon sequestration – local knowledge about tree functions. Case study from male and female Arabica coffee farmers in Vietnam. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21025.pdf.

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Estimates of carbon sequestration for timber trees is well documented, while fruit trees are understudied. The few existing estimates indicate that fruit trees and fertiliser management on them, can substantially sequester carbon in coffee monocultures, albeit unlikely to the same extent as timber trees. A carbon investor may thus favour timber. In this light, as programs for planting billions and trillion trees are launched “to save the climate”, a wide range of gender, social, justice and environmental concerns are voiced. To challenge the mitigation perspective, we contrasted two hypothetical tree planting strategies: a mitigation (carbon finance) perspective and a livelihoods-centred (local) perspective and explored what a rapid, gender and social inclusion-oriented livelihoods perspective could bring to the process of tree selection. The survey documents indigenous knowledge of trees’ potential (dis)benefits in coffee agroforestry systems among 106 female and male arabica-growers in northwest Vietnam. The results display many similarities between women and men in term of perceived benefits from trees. Women and men prioritized trees based on their economic benefits, impacts on coffee production and improved soil fertility. However, in determining the preferred species, women considered more factors, including consequences for pest and disease (on host tree or coffee), microclimate regulation and shade provision. These findings resemble those by others from the same region and demonstrate that consulting both women and men can result in a more diverse shortlist of potential trees for agroforestry/afforestation that reflect both genders’ economic and labour contributions to the household. Furthermore, tree planting projects would benefit from seeking collaboration for bundled ecosystem services, rather than merely from carbon finance. Conversely, carbon investors can rely on farmers’ preferences and rest assured that they also contribute to sequestering carbon.

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Hernandez-Abrams, Darixa, Carra Carrillo, and Todd Swannack. Scenario analyses in ecological modeling and ecosystem management. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44840.

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Ecosystem management and restoration practitioners are challenged with complex problems, diverse project goals, multiple management alternatives, and potential future scenarios that change the systems of interest. Scenario analysis aids in forecasting, evaluating, and communicating outcomes of potential management actions under different plausible conditions, such as land-use change or sea level rise. However, little guidance exists for practitioners on the utility and execution of scenario analysis. Therefore, this technical note highlights the usefulness of scenario analysis as a tool for addressing uncertainty in potential project outcomes. The mechanics of the scenario-analysis process are explained, and examples of different types of scenario analyses are described for context on the breadth of its use. Lastly, two hypothetical case studies of scenario analysis in ecological modeling are presented showing a semiquantitative approach for assessing anadromous fish and a quantitative approach examining freshwater mussel habitat. Overall, this technical note provides a brief review of the utility and application of scenario analyses in the context of ecological modeling and ecosystem management decision-making.

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