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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Hydraulic and Hydrological Modelling"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Hydraulic and Hydrological Modelling"

1

Bhattacharya, Biswa, Maurizio Mazzoleni, and Reyne Ugay. "Flood Inundation Mapping of the Sparsely Gauged Large-Scale Brahmaputra Basin Using Remote Sensing Products." Remote Sensing 11, no. 5 (March 1, 2019): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11050501.

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Анотація:
Sustainable water management is one of the important priorities set out in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, which calls for efficient use of natural resources. Efficient water management nowadays depends a lot upon simulation models. However, the availability of limited hydro-meteorological data together with limited data sharing practices prohibits simulation modelling and consequently efficient flood risk management of sparsely gauged basins. Advances in remote sensing has significantly contributed to carrying out hydrological studies in ungauged or sparsely gauged basins. In particular, the global datasets of remote sensing observations (e.g., rainfall, evaporation, temperature, land use, terrain, etc.) allow to develop hydrological and hydraulic models of sparsely gauged catchments. In this research, we have considered large scale hydrological and hydraulic modelling, using freely available global datasets, of the sparsely gauged trans-boundary Brahmaputra basin, which has an enormous potential in terms of agriculture, hydropower, water supplies and other utilities. A semi-distributed conceptual hydrological model was developed using HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Modelling System from Hydrologic Engineering Centre). Rainfall estimates from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) was compared with limited gauge data and used in the simulation. The Nash Sutcliffe coefficient of the model with the uncorrected rainfall data in calibration and validation were 0.75 and 0.61 respectively whereas the similar values with the corrected rainfall data were 0.81 and 0.74. The output of the hydrological model was used as a boundary condition and lateral inflow to the hydraulic model. Modelling results obtained using uncorrected and corrected remotely sensed products of rainfall were compared with the discharge values at the basin outlet (Bahadurabad) and with altimetry data from Jason-2 satellite. The simulated flood inundation maps of the lower part of the Brahmaputra basin showed reasonably good match in terms of the probability of detection, success ratio and critical success index. Overall, this study demonstrated that reliable and robust results can be obtained in both hydrological and hydraulic modelling using remote sensing data as the only input to large scale and sparsely gauged basins.
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2

Kreye, Phillip, and Günter Meon. "Subgrid spatial variability of soil hydraulic functions for hydrological modelling." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 20, no. 6 (July 1, 2016): 2557–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2557-2016.

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Abstract. State-of-the-art hydrological applications require a process-based, spatially distributed hydrological model. Runoff characteristics are demanded to be well reproduced by the model. Despite that, the model should be able to describe the processes at a subcatchment scale in a physically credible way. The objective of this study is to present a robust procedure to generate various sets of parameterisations of soil hydraulic functions for the description of soil heterogeneity on a subgrid scale. Relations between Rosetta-generated values of saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and van Genuchten's parameters of soil hydraulic functions were statistically analysed. An universal function that is valid for the complete bandwidth of Ks values could not be found. After concentrating on natural texture classes, strong correlations were identified for all parameters. The obtained regression results were used to parameterise sets of hydraulic functions for each soil class. The methodology presented in this study is applicable on a wide range of spatial scales and does not need input data from field studies. The developments were implemented into a hydrological modelling system.
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3

Game, Paguédame, Mingyang Wang, Philippe Audra, and Philippe Gourbesville. "Challenges & solutions for deterministic hydraulic modelling in Mediterranean coastal catchment. Application to the lower Paillons River, Nice, France." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1136, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1136/1/012026.

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Abstract Different methods are used in hydrological and hydraulic modelling in a catchment. Deterministic modelling can be used to produce detailed information and optimize the organization of massive data collection. In the catchment of Paillons, there is a need to improve knowledge of hydrological processes through deterministic modelling. In fact, Nice Côte d’Azur metropolis faces numerous challenges in the Paillons catchment. The area provides water resources for large communities. However, it is exposed to flooding and droughts. Complex hydrological processes generate runoff over the 246 km2 watershed. Few existing monitoring stations provide runoff data. In addition, there are limitations in the understanding of surface hydraulics. Thus, this study uses DHI Mike21FM for surface hydraulics with 5 m grid size for riverbed and 2 m for tunnels. The study area is limited to the lower Paillons River. Observed and modelled water depths vary between 0.1 and 0.5 m for a maximum discharge of 38 m3/s in the tunnels. Flood maps created with a discharge of 1000 m3/s, show clearly high flood risk zones and flow directions. The selected CFL condition under 0.8 is respected. The tool is suitable for modeling flooding in areas of interest within the catchment of study. The results obtained are satisfactory and demonstrate that the constructed tool makes it possible to reproduce the overall behavior of surface hydraulics.
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4

Kunstmann, H., J. Krause, and S. Mayr. "Inverse distributed hydrological modelling of alpine catchments." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 2, no. 6 (December 1, 2005): 2581–623. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-2-2581-2005.

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Анотація:
Abstract. Even in physically based distributed hydrological models, various remaining parameters must be estimated for each sub-catchment. This can involve tremendous effort, especially when the number of sub-catchments is large and the applied hydrological model is computationally expensive. Automatic parameter estimation tools can significantly facilitate the calibration process. Hence, we combined the nonlinear parameter estimation tool PEST with the distributed hydrological model WaSiM. PEST is based on the Gauss-Marquardt-Levenberg method, a gradient-based nonlinear parameter estimation algorithm. WaSiM is a fully distributed hydrological model using physically based algorithms for most of the process descriptions. WaSiM was applied to the alpine/prealpine Ammer River catchment (southern Germany, 710 km2) in a 100×100 m2 horizontal resolution. The catchment is heterogeneous in terms of geology, pedology and land use and shows a complex orography (the difference of elevation is around 1600 m). Using the developed PEST-WaSiM interface, the hydrological model was calibrated by comparing simulated and observed runoff at eight gauges for the hydrologic year 1997 and validated for the hydrologic year 1993. For each sub-catchment four parameters had to be calibrated: the recession constants of direct runoff and interflow, the drainage density, and the hydraulic conductivity of the uppermost aquifer. Additionally, five snowmelt specific parameters were adjusted for the entire catchment. Altogether, 37 parameters had to be calibrated. Additional a priori information (e.g. from flood hydrograph analysis) narrowed the parameter space of the solutions and improved the non-uniqueness of the fitted values. A reasonable quality of fit was achieved. Discrepancies between modelled and observed runoff were also due to the small number of meteorological stations and corresponding interpolation artefacts in the orographically complex terrain. A detailed covariance analysis was performed allowing to derive confidence bounds for all estimated parameters. The correlation between the estimated parameters was in most cases negligible, showing that parameters were estimated independently from each other.
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5

Kunstmann, H., J. Krause, and S. Mayr. "Inverse distributed hydrological modelling of Alpine catchments." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 10, no. 3 (June 7, 2006): 395–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-10-395-2006.

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Анотація:
Abstract. Even in physically based distributed hydrological models, various remaining parameters must be estimated for each sub-catchment. This can involve tremendous effort, especially when the number of sub-catchments is large and the applied hydrological model is computationally expensive. Automatic parameter estimation tools can significantly facilitate the calibration process. Hence, we combined the nonlinear parameter estimation tool PEST with the distributed hydrological model WaSiM. PEST is based on the Gauss-Marquardt-Levenberg method, a gradient-based nonlinear parameter estimation algorithm. WaSiM is a fully distributed hydrological model using physically based algorithms for most of the process descriptions. WaSiM was applied to the alpine/prealpine Ammer River catchment (southern Germany, 710 km2 in a 100×100 m2 horizontal resolution. The catchment is heterogeneous in terms of geology, pedology and land use and shows a complex orography (the difference of elevation is around 1600 m). Using the developed PEST-WaSiM interface, the hydrological model was calibrated by comparing simulated and observed runoff at eight gauges for the hydrologic year 1997 and validated for the hydrologic year 1993. For each sub-catchment four parameters had to be calibrated: the recession constants of direct runoff and interflow, the drainage density, and the hydraulic conductivity of the uppermost aquifer. Additionally, five snowmelt specific parameters were adjusted for the entire catchment. Altogether, 37 parameters had to be calibrated. Additional a priori information (e.g. from flood hydrograph analysis) narrowed the parameter space of the solutions and improved the non-uniqueness of the fitted values. A reasonable quality of fit was achieved. Discrepancies between modelled and observed runoff were also due to the small number of meteorological stations and corresponding interpolation artefacts in the orographically complex terrain. Application of a 2-dimensional numerical groundwater model partly yielded a slight decrease of overall model performance when compared to a simple conceptual groundwater approach. Increased model complexity therefore did not yield in general increased model performance. A detailed covariance analysis was performed allowing to derive confidence bounds for all estimated parameters. The correlation between the estimated parameters was in most cases negligible, showing that parameters were estimated independently from each other.
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6

Fang, Fangxin. "Numerical and Data-Driven Modelling in Coastal, Hydrological and Hydraulic Engineering." Water 13, no. 4 (February 16, 2021): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13040509.

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7

Hankin, Barry, Peter Metcalfe, Keith Beven, and Nick A. Chappell. "Integration of hillslope hydrology and 2D hydraulic modelling for natural flood management." Hydrology Research 50, no. 6 (July 17, 2019): 1535–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2019.150.

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Анотація:
Abstract Natural flood management (NFM) has recently invigorated the hydrological community into redeploying its process understanding of hydrology and hydraulics to try to quantify the impacts of many distributed, ‘nature-based’ measures on the whole-catchment response. Advances in spatial data analysis, distributed hydrological modelling and fast numerical flow equation solvers mean that whole-catchment modelling including computationally intensive uncertainty analyses are now possible, although perhaps the community has not yet converged on the best overall parsimonious framework. To model the effects of tree-planting, we need to understand changes to wet canopy evaporation, surface roughness and infiltration rates; to model inline storage created by ‘leaky barriers’ or offline storage, we need accurate channel hydraulics to understand the changes to attenuation; to model the complex behaviour of the whole network of NFM measures, and the possibility of flood peak synchronisation effects, we need efficient realistic routing models, linked to key flow pathways that take into account the main physical processes in soils and the antecedent moisture conditions for a range of different rainfall events. This paper presents a new framework to achieve this, based on a cascade of the Dynamic Topmodel runoff generation model and the JFlow or HEC-RAS 2D hydraulic models, with an application to the Swindale Catchment in Cumbria, UK. We demonstrate the approach to quantify both the effectiveness of a relatively large ‘runoff attenuation feature’ in the landscape and the uncertainty in the calculation given model parameter uncertainty.
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8

Vieux, Baxter E., and Nadim S. Farajalla. "Capturing the essential spatial variability in distributed hydrological modelling: Hydraulic roughness." Hydrological Processes 8, no. 3 (May 1994): 221–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.3360080304.

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9

Clilverd, H. M., J. R. Thompson, C. M. Heppell, C. D. Sayer, and J. C. Axmacher. "Coupled Hydrological/Hydraulic Modelling of River Restoration Impacts and Floodplain Hydrodynamics." River Research and Applications 32, no. 9 (May 18, 2016): 1927–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.3036.

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10

Varlas, George, Anastasios Papadopoulos, George Papaioannou, and Elias Dimitriou. "Evaluating the Forecast Skill of a Hydrometeorological Modelling System in Greece." Atmosphere 12, no. 7 (July 13, 2021): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12070902.

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A hydrometeorological forecasting system has been operating at the Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters (IMBRIW) of the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR) since September 2015. The system consists of the Advanced Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-ARW) model, the WRF-Hydro hydrological model, and the HEC-RAS hydraulic–hydrodynamic model. The system provides daily 120 h weather forecasts focusing on Greece (4 km horizontal resolution) and hydrological forecasts for the Spercheios and Evrotas rivers in Greece (100 m horizontal resolution), also providing flash flood inundation forecasts when needed (5 m horizontal resolution). The main aim of this study is to evaluate precipitation forecasts produced in a 4-year period (September 2015–August 2019) using measurements from meteorological stations across Greece. Water level forecasts for the Evrotas and Spercheios rivers were also evaluated using measurements from hydrological stations operated by the IMBRIW. Moreover, the forecast skill of the chained meteorological–hydrological–hydraulic operation of the system was investigated during a catastrophic flash flood in the Evrotas river. The results indicated that the system provided skillful precipitation and water level forecasts. The best evaluation results were yielded during rainy periods. They also demonstrated that timely flash flood forecasting products could benefit flood warning and emergency responses due to their efficiency and increased lead time.
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Дисертації з теми "Hydraulic and Hydrological Modelling"

1

Abidin, Mohamed Roseli bin Zainal. "Hydrological and hydraulic sensitivity analyses for flood modelling with limited data." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.707174.

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2

Perlotto, Chiara. "Hydrological-hydraulic modelling of the bench terraces in hilly and mountain areas." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3421835.

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Terrace building have been expanded in the 19th century because of the increased demographic pressure and the need to crop additional areas at steeper slopes. Terraces are also important to regulate the hydrological behavior of the hillslope. Bench terraces, reducing the terrain slope and the length of the overland flow, quantitatively control the runoff flow velocity, facilitating the drainage and thus leading to a reduction of soil erosion. The study of the hydrologic-hydraulic function of terraced slopes is essential in order to evaluate their possible use to cooperate for flood-risk mitigation also preserving the landscape value. Few studies in literature are available on rainfall-runoff transformation and flood risk mitigation in terrace areas. Then, research results in this field are still scarce. The goal of this work is to improve knowledge on hydrological processes affecting a terraced slope and their effect on flood control. Specific researches objectives are: • Studing the the reduction of peak runoff at the toe of a hillslope and the delay in the passage of peak flow, which are provided by sequence of dry-stone walls under different space arrangements along the hillslope; • Understanding the rainfall-runoff separation mechanism and the superficial and subsurface flow propagation in case of terraced slopes. In order to reach the above objectives the hydrological response of a bench terrace was investigated by using a research approache based on modelling and experimental activities. In the first part of the thesis the The FLO-2D model is used to analyse the runoff propagation mechanism of a terraced slope (sequence of dry-stone walls) by varying number and spacing of terraces and assuming two hydrological soil setting scenarios in terms of antecedent moisture conditions within the Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number method. The model analysis shows that the majority of runoff modifications at the outlet of a terraced system result from topographical modifications rather than local variations of the infiltration capacity at the dry-stone wall zone. Repeated modelling applications show that, given a quite-typical scenario of a 20°-sloped hillslope and a reference intense rainstorm, the peak discharge reduction at the hillslope outlet depends on the percentage of the area managed with terraces. The reduction can be calculated with a logarithmic-type function (for example, an increase of terraced area from 10% to 30% might bring to runoff peak reduction of almost 45%). This information can help determine where terrace additions are more effective in terms of hydrological benefit. The second part of the thesis focus on an experimental/modelling research that aims to better focus the times of the hydrological response, which are determined by a hillslope plot bounded by a dry-stone wall, considering both the overland flow and the groundwater. A physical model, characterized by a quasi-real scale, has been built to reproduce the behavior of a 3%, 6% and 9% outward sloped terrace at bare and vegetated soil condition.The model consists of a steel metal box (1 m large, 3.3 m long, 0.8 m high) containing the hillslope terrain. The terrain is equipped with two piezometers, 9 TDR sensors measuring the volumetric water content, a surface spillway at the head releasing the steady discharge under test, two scales one at the wall base to measure the groundwater discharge and another at the top of the wall to measure the surface runoff. The experiments deal with different initial moisture condition (high and low degree of saturation), and discharges of 19.5, 12.0 and 5.0 l/min. Each experiment has been replicated, conducting a total number of 35 tests. The volumetric water content analysis produced by the 9 TDR sensors was able to provide a quite satisfactory representation of the soil moisture during the runs. Then, different lag times at the outlet since the inflow initiation were measured both for runoff and groundwater. Moreover, the time of depletion and the piezometer response have been monitored and analyzed, well corroborating the findings on the kinematics of the terrace plot. Finally, the computation of the specific Curve Number (Soil Conservation Service) of the physical model has revealed values rather large if compared with those reported in the literature. This phenomenon was likely caused by the high values of the inflow discharge, the limited cross-width of the model (1 m), the increasing compactness of the soil owing to the experiment repetition and the confined waterproof box). The experimental results indicate that terrace soil was highly heterogeneous, including discontinuities and piping systems that facilitated a rapid infiltration and the development of fast subsurface flow. The Groundwater in general is a small part of the total outflow but in case the presence of pipe is important it is coupled with impulsesive infiltration rates. A conceptual hydrological model was implemented and calibrated based on the experimental data. The model results fit well the measurements even if the groundwater component is not properly modelled. This is due to the activation of important piping systems during some of the tests; the physical proces that describ this located losses were not studied and integrated in the model. These pioneering experiments have produced some remarkable outcomes on the important role of lag-times (runoff and groundwater) and provided new knowledgement on the hydrological functioning of bench terraced systems for addressing more efficient management and maintenance issues of this important agricoltural structures.
I sistemi terrazzati si sono diffusi nel diciannovesimo secolo a seguito della crescente pressione demografica e della conseguente necessità di estendere le coltivazioni anche su terreni ad elevata pendenza. Oltre che dal punto di vista agrario tali sistemi sono importanti ai fini della regolazione della risposta idrogeologica di un versante. Infatti essi riducono la pendenza e la lunghezza dello scorrimento superficiale, controllando quindi quantitativamente la velocità del deflusso superficiale, facilitando il drenaggio e contribuendo in questo modo alla riduzione dei fenomeni erosivi. Lo studio della funzione idrologico-idraulica dei versanti terrazzati è essenziale per valutarne il possibile utilizzo come misure di mitigazione del rischio idraulico capaci anche di preservare il valore paesaggistico dei territori su cui essi insistono. In letteratura sono disponibili pochi studi inerenti la risposta idrologica di versanti terrazzati; l’avanzamento della ricerca in tale ambito è l’obiettivo principale di questo lavoro. In particolare vengono affrontate le seguenti tematiche: - la valutazione degli effetti di mitigazione della pericolosità idraulica (riduzione del picco di piena e suo ritardo temporale) a scala di versante indotti dalla presenza di sistemi terrazzati; - lo studio dei meccanismi di trasformazione afflussi-deflussi e dei processi di propagazione degli stessi in sistemi terrazzati; Al fine di raggiungere tali obiettivi è stato implementato un approccio integrato basato su attività sperimentali e modellistiche. Nella prima parte del lavoro è stato utilizzato il modello idraulico FLO-2D per analizzare i processi di propagazione in atto in un versante terrazzato (composto da una sequenza di muri a secco) al variare del numero e della disposizione spaziale dei terrazzi e assumendo due diversi scenari di saturazione del suolo rappresentati da diversi valori di umidità iniziale antecedente l'evento, come previsto dal metodo Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number. L'analisi modellistica mostra che la riduzione del deflusso alla base del sistema terrazzato dipende maggiormente dalle modifiche topografiche piuttosto che dalle variazioni della capacità di infiltrazione del suolo adiacente il muro. Le simulazioni eseguite su di un versante con una pendenza di 20° e alimentato da un evento di precipitazione intensa, mostrano che il picco di piena alla sezione di chiusura si riduce in funzione della percentuale di area terrazzata. Tale riduzione può essere valutata attraverso una specifica funzione logaritmica (per esempio, al crescere dell'area terrazzata da 10% a 30% la riduzione del picco di piena può essere quasi del 45%). Questa informazione può aiutare a individuare il corretto inserimento dei terrazzi per una maggiore efficace in termini di benefici idrologici. La seconda parte del lavoro riguarda lo studio della risposta idrologica di un’unità terrazzata con un muro a secco attraverso attività sperimentali e modellistiche. In particolare è stato costruito un modello fisico a scala reale per riprodurre il comportamento di un terrazzo al variare della sua pendenza (3%, 6% e 9%) e del tipo di copertura del suolo (suolo nodo o inerbito). Il modello consiste in un box metallico (1 metro di larghezza, 3.3 metri di lunghezza e 0.8 m di altezza) che contiene al suo interno un terrazzo composto da un versante delimitato a valle da un muro a secco. Tale versante è stato strumentato con 9 sensori TDR per la misura del contenuto di umidità del suolo, uno sfioratore delle portate liquidi in ingresso al versante a monte dello stesso, due bilance per la misura del deflusso, una posizionata alla base del muro per la misura del deflusso sotterraneo e una in corrispondenza della parte superiore del muro per la misura del deflusso superficiale. Gli esperimenti sono stati caratterizzati da differenti condizioni di umidità iniziale (ad alto e basso grado di saturazione) e da portate liquide in ingresso costanti e pari a 19.5, 12 e 5 l/minuto. Ogni esperimento è stato replicato per un totale di 35 esperimenti eseguiti. L'esame delle misure dei 9 sensori TDR ha fornito una soddisfacente rappresentazione dell'andamento dell'umidità globale del suolo nel corso di ogni esperimento. Sono stati poi misurati diversi tempi caratteristici della risposta idrologica alla sezione di chiusura sia per il deflusso superficiale che per il deflusso sotterraneo. I risultati ottenuti aiutano a comprendere la cinematica dei processi idrologici che caratterizzano l’unità terrazzata. E’ stato calcolato uno specifico Curve Number (Soil Conservation Service) associato all’unità terrazzata che assume valori piuttosto alti se comparati a quelli riportati in letteratura. Questo comportamento è probabilmente legato alle alte portate in ingresso, alla limitata sezione idraulica (1m), alla crescente compattazione del suolo causata dal susseguirsi delle prove e al fatto che il terrazzo è confinato all'interno di una struttura metallica impermeabile. Un innovativo modello idrologico è stato implementato e calibrato sui dati sperimentali. I risultati modellistici riproducono in modo soddisfacente le misure soprattutto per quanto riguarda il deflusso superficiale che è la componente prevalente di deflusso. In generale il deflusso sotterraneo non risulta invece essere propriamente simulato in quanto il modello non tiene conto di particolari fenomeni di infiltrazione impulsiva presenti in alcune prove. Infatti, i risultati sperimentali indicano che il suolo all'interno del terrazzo è altamente eterogeneo, con la presenza di discontinuità e sistemi di canali sotterranei che facilitano una rapida infiltrazione e lo sviluppo di deflusso sub-superficiale impulsivo che va a sommarsi al deflusso profondo (generalmente di modesta entità) alimentato dall’infiltrazione connessa agli strati superficiali del suolo. La sperimentazione effettuata risulta innovativa e fornisce nuove conoscenze sulla funzione idrologica-idraulica di un sistema terrazzato che possono servire per indirizzare in modo più efficiente la gestione e la manutenzione di queste importanti sistemazioni agrarie.
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3

Singh, C. R. "Hydrological and hydraulic modelling for the restoration and management of Loktak Lake, Northeast India." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/805119/.

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Loktak Lake is an internationally important wetland in northeast India that provides valuable goods and services to local communities as well as supporting high biodiversity. Over the last three decades ecological modifications have occurred, most notably due to the construction and operation of the Ithai Barrage. The focus on maximising hydropower generation increased mean lake water levels and reduced their annual variability. This thesis synthesises hydrometeorological and related data for the lake and its catchment. Data are employed in coupled hydrological / hydraulic catchment models (MIKE SHE / MIKE 11) of three gauged sub-catchments, which are calibrated / validated using observed discharges. Results are used to estimate ungauged sub-catchment flows. Catchment model results are combined with meteorological data and current abstractions within a water balance model which successfully simulates observed lake water levels. A series of barrage operation options are developed using the water balance model which prioritise the requirements of major stakeholders (hydropower, agriculture, and the lake ecosystem). A final option is developed, which shows that it is possible to balance the demands of these stakeholders. The implications of climate change are assessed by forcing meteorological inputs to the catchment and water balance models based upon a number of climate scenarios. In the majority of these scenarios, river inflows increase resulting in higher lake water levels that could further exacerbate ecological degradation of the lake as well as enhancing flooding of lakeside communities. The elevated water levels may permit additional irrigation abstractions however existing infrastructure limits increases in hydropower generation. The sustainability of the barrage operation options in the face of climate change is assessed. Results suggest that climate change is likely to limit the ability of barrage management to satisfy hydropower and agricultural demands whilst at the same time establishing a more ecologically appropriate lake water level regime.
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4

Bertrand, Nathalie Marie-Ange. "Impacts of scaling up water recycling and rainwater harvesting technologies on hydraulic and hydrological flows." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2008. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4003.

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In recent years, the increasing awareness of scarcity of water resources, indications of likely climate variability, and the increasing pressure to use available fresh water resources more efficiently have together reinforced the need to look at infrastructure solutions with due regard to environmental considerations and social impacts, present and future. There is a vital need to apply an integrated approach to catchment management to implement sustainable solutions to resolve issues such as water supply and sewerage, drainage and river flooding. Many potentials solutions are available to control water demand and manage flood problems. Greywater recycling and rainwater harvesting are novel technologies. However, their catchment scale impacts on hydraulic and hydrological flows are poorly understood. The research aim is to identify the hydrologic and hydraulic impacts of scaling up such technologies at catchment scale. For this particular study, a computer simulation model will be used to evaluate how increasing urbanisation, climate change and the implementation of greywater recycling and rainwater harvesting may alter the water balance within a representative catchment. To achieve these aims data from the Carrickmines catchment in Ireland have been collected; a simulation model has been adapted to carry out the study, the model has been calibrated and validated, results have been analysed, and finally, a sensitivity analysis has been carried out. The results show that rainwater harvesting systems are comparatively more effective than greywater recycling techniques in reducing flood frequency and intensity. Under five year return period rainfall events, the implementation of rainwater harvesting at any scale and number of units is a useful technique to control river flow and floods. However, the study also shows that under extreme conditions the efficiency of rainwater harvesting systems decreases. The study concludes that implementing the two technologies within a single catchment is not a solution to several forms of hydrological problem. The study shows that implementing rainwater harvesting or re-use technologies are a very useful way to protect local freshwater reserves and therefore conserve our environment.
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Shi, Jie. "Integrated modelling of hydrological and hydrodynamic processes, dynamic bacteria decay with climate change and intensive farming in riverine and estuarine water." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/98617/.

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The water quality deteriorations in river and estuarine waters are a global issue. Particularly, the water quality impairment due to contamination of Faecal Bacteria Indicator, such as E. coli and Faecal Coliform in river channel, estuary bathing and shellfish waters are of special interests due to potential risks to human health. These indicators are important in water quality assessment outlined in both EU Water Framework Directive and US Clear Water Act. The hypothesis of the study is that the global climate change and intensive farming would cause severe deterioration to faecal coliform levels in these water bodies. Approaches to quantify these impacts are carried out with numerically modelling through catchment model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and hydrodynamic model DIVAST with the focus in the coastal catchment of river Frome and Piddle connected to a natural harbour in Dorset, southern England.
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Åkesson, Anna. "Hydraulic- hydromorphologic analysis as an aid for improving peak flow predictions." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Vattendragsteknik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-25425.

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Conventional hydrological compartmental models have been shown to exhibit a high degree of uncertainty for predictions of peak flows, such as the design floods for design of hydropower infrastructure. One reason for these uncertainties is that conventional models are parameterised using statistical methods based on how catchments have responded in the past. Because the rare occurrence of peak flows, these are underrepresented during the periods used for calibration. This implies that the model has to be extrapolated beyond the discharge intervals where it has been calibrated. In this thesis, hydromechanical approaches are used to investigate the properties of stream networks, reflecting mechanisms including stage dependency, damming effects, interactions between tributaries (network effects) and the topography of the stream network. Further, it is investigated how these properties can be incorporated into the streamflow response functions of compartmental hydrological models. The response of the stream network was shown to vary strongly with stage in a non-linear manner, an effect that is commonly not accounted for in model formulation. The non-linearity is particularly linked to the flooding of stream channels and interactions with the flow on flood-plains. An evaluation of the significance of using physically based response functions on discharge predictions in a few sub-catchments in Southern Sweden show improvements (compared to a conventional model) in discharge predictions – particularly when modelling peak discharges. An additional benefit of replacing statistical parameterisation methods with physical parameterisation methods is the possibility of hydrological modelling during non-stationary conditions, such as the ongoing climate change.
QC 20101022
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Andersson, Elin, and Sofia Hietala. "Application of a new method to improve river cross sections derived from satellite images." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-242553.

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In hydrological and hydraulic modelling, river geometry is a crucial input data. Recent investigations have been looking at methods to improve the description of cross sections extracted by DEM derived by satellite images. SRTM derived DEM are often lacking precise information as the sensors cannot detect the submerged river parts, but, on the other hand, it is available on a global scale which makes it very attractive and useful, especially in data scarce regions. This study aims at applying the so called “slope break” method to improve river cross section geometry extracted from SRTM DEM. The report is divided into three parts: a) The making of a Matlab-code to improve cross sections geometry extracted by satellite derived DEM; b) an application of the code to real cross-sections from the river Po in Italy and c) hydraulic simulations with and without SRTM modified cross sections to test the performance of the method, in collaboration with senior colleagues. The Matlab successfully performs the slope break point and finds, when appropriate, the approximated lowest point zmin of the cross section below the water surface. The comparison of the river geometry of the modified SRTM cross sections versus LiDAR available cross sections show the good performance of the method in improving the river geometry description. This code can simplify the work and improve many SRTM river cross sections in an effective way. The hydraulic simulations performed with and without the modified cross sections show how the modified SRTM model improves when compared to LiDAR results
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Chowdhury, Anupam. "A framework for determining rainfall parameters for stormwater quality treatment system design." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/120286/1/Anupam_Chowdhury_Thesis.pdf.

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This study developed an innovative stormwater quality treatment design framework for effective mitigation of urban stormwater pollution. The research method is primarily based on a stormwater quality modelling exercise and an extensive statistical analysis for defining the relationships among rainfall, catchment and stormwater quality characteristics. The identified relationships were translated into a framework, enabling the determination of rainfall parameters and treatment system design specifications. Adopting this framework will enhance treatment system performances leading to greater protection of aquatic ecosystems.
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TAMAGNONE, PAOLO. "Progress in planning mitigation and adaptation strategies driven by indigenous knowledge and numerical modelling to face hydrometeorological hazards in the Sahel." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2912982.

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Ruiz, Bellet Josep Lluís. "Quantitative historical hydrology in the eastern area of the Ebro River basin (NE Iberian Peninsula)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/386456.

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La hidrologia històrica quantitativa és una branca emergent de les ciències de la Terra que es basa en l’ús d’informació històrica (és a dir, informació produïda per les persones: documents, imatges, limnimarques) per a reconstruir el cabal pic de riuades antigues. Aquesta ciència multidisciplinària (molt propera, en concepte, a la paleohidrologia) utilitza mètodes d’historiografia, hidràulica, hidrologia, meteorologia, climatologia, estadística i, fins i tot, de les ciències socials, i té moltes aplicacions útils, no només en la planificació del risc d’inundacions, sinó també en la recerca hidrològica bàsica. Malgrat tot plegat, la hidrologia històrica quantitativa no s’ha convertit, de moment, en una eina d’ús general a Catalunya i a la conca de l’Ebre. Aquesta tesi desenvolupa algunes de les grans possibilitats de la hidrologia històrica quantitativa tot aplicant-la en diversos casos d’estudi en diferents conques de Catalunya i la conca de l’Ebre. La conclusió final és que l’ús de la hidrologia històrica millora la prevenció i la gestió del risc de riuades, tant en conques aforades com no aforades de la zona estudiada.
Era idrologia istorica quantitativa ei ua branca emergenta des sciéncies dera Tèrra que se base en emplec d’informacion istorica (ei a díder, informacion produsida pes persones: documents, imatges, limnimarques) entà rebastir eth cabau pic d'aiguats ancians. Aguesta sciéncia multidisciplinària (fòrça propèra, en concèpte, ara paleoidrologia) emplegue metòdes d’istoriografia, idraulica, idrologia, meteorologia, climatologia, estadistica e, autaplan, des sciéncies sociaus, e a fòrça aplicacions utiles, non sonque ena planificacion deth risc d’inondacions, mès tanben ena recèrca idrologica basica. Maugrat tot aquerò, era idrologia istorica quantitativa non s’a convertit, de moment, en un utís d’emplec generau en Catalonha e ena conca der Ebre. Aguesta tèsi desvolòpe bères ues des granes possibilitats dera idrologia istorica quantitativa en tot aplicar-la en diuèrsi casi d’estudi enes diferentes conques de Catalonha e dera conca der Ebre. Era conclusion finau ie qu’er emplec dera idrologia istorica melhore era prevencion e era gestion deth risc d’inondacions, tant en conques aforades coma no aforades dera zòna estudiada.
La hidrología histórica cuantitativa es una rama emergente de las ciencias de la Tierra que se basa en el uso de información histórica (es decir, información producida por las personas: documentos, imágenes, limnimarques) para reconstruir el caudal pico de riadas antiguas. Esta ciencia multidisciplinaria (muy próxima, en concepto, a la paleohidrología) utiliza métodos de historiografía, hidráulica, hidrología, meteorología, climatología, estadística e, incluso, de las ciencias sociales, y tiene muchas aplicaciones útiles, no sólo en la planificación del riesgo de inundaciones, sino también en la investigación hidrológica básica. A pesar de todo ello, la hidrología histórica cuantitativa no se ha convertido, de momento, en una herramienta de uso general en Cataluña y en la cuenca del Ebro. Esta tesis desarrolla algunas de las grandes posibilidades de la hidrología histórica cuantitativa aplicándola en varios casos de estudio en diferentes cuencas de Cataluña y la cuenca del Ebro. La conclusión final es que el uso de la hidrología histórica mejora la prevención y la gestión del riesgo de inundaciones, tanto en cuencas aforadas como no aforadas de la zona estudiada.
Quantitative historical hydrology is an emerging branch of Earth sciences that is based on the use of historical information (that is, man-made pieces of information: documents, pictures, flood marks) to reconstruct the peak flows of long-past floods. This multidisciplinary science (which is very close in concept to paleohydrology) uses methods from historiography, hydraulics, hydrology, meteorology, climatology, statistics, and even social sciences, and is full of possible useful applications, not only in flood risk management but also in basic hydrological research. However, quantitative historical hydrology is not being generally used in Catalonia or the Ebro River basin so far. This thesis develops some of the huge possibilities of quantitative historical hydrology by applying it to several study cases in different catchments in Catalonia and the Ebro River basin. The final conclusion is that the use of historical hydrology improves flood risk prevention and management, both in gauged and ungauged catchments within the studied area.
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Книги з теми "Hydraulic and Hydrological Modelling"

1

Świątek, Dorota. Modelling of Hydrological Processes in the Narew Catchment. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2011.

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2

Mohamed Roseli bin Zainal Abidin. Hydrological and hydraulic sensitivity analyses for flood modelling with limited data. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1999.

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3

Velickov, Slavco. Nonlinear dynamics and chaos with applications to to hydrodynamics and hydrological modelling. Delft, the Netherlands: A.A. Balkema, 2004.

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4

B, Abbott Michael, and Refsgaard Jens Christian, eds. Distributed hydrological modelling. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1996.

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5

Abbott, Michael B., and Jens Christian Refsgaard, eds. Distributed Hydrological Modelling. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0257-2.

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6

Thangarajan, M., Th Surendranath Singh, and L. Minaketan Singh. Modelling hydrological system. Imphal: Manipur Science & Technology Council, 2008.

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7

Remesan, Renji, and Jimson Mathew. Hydrological Data Driven Modelling. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09235-5.

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8

Viviroli, Daniel. The hydrological modelling system PREVAH. Bern: University of Berne, Switzerland, Institute of Geographiy, 2007.

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9

D, Kalma Jetse, and Sivapalan Murugesu, eds. Scale issues in hydrological modelling. Chichester: Wiley, 1995.

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10

Sorooshian, Soroosh, Kuo-Lin Hsu, Erika Coppola, Barbara Tomassetti, Marco Verdecchia, and Guido Visconti, eds. Hydrological Modelling and the Water Cycle. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77843-1.

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Частини книг з теми "Hydraulic and Hydrological Modelling"

1

Patra, Jagadish Prasad, Rakesh Kumar, and Pankaj Mani. "Hydrologic and Hydraulic Modelling of a Bridge." In Hydrological Modeling, 317–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81358-1_24.

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2

Kubrak, Janusz, Michał Szydłowski, and Dorota Mirosław-Świątek. "Hydraulic Conditions of Flood Wave Propagation in the Valley of the Narew River after the Siemianówka Dam Overtopping Failure." In Modelling of Hydrological Processes in the Narew Catchment, 123–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19059-9_8.

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3

Rudra, R. P., W. T. Dickinson, and R. K. Gupta. "Hydrologic Modelling Acknowledging Spatial Variations of Hydraulic Conductivity." In Water Science and Technology Library, 17–32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0391-6_2.

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4

Icyimpaye, Gisele, and Chérifa Abdelbaki. "GIS-Based Hydrological and Hydraulic Models to Forecast River Flood Risks and Proposition of Management Measures." In Spatial Modelling of Flood Risk and Flood Hazards, 143–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94544-2_9.

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DeBarry, Paul A., Gerald W. Longenecker, and Ryan Burrows. "Implementation of GIS and Hydrologic/Hydraulic Modelling for Integrated Floodplain/Stormwater Management." In New Trends in Urban Drainage Modelling, 464–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99867-1_79.

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Abdulrazzak, Mohamed, Anis Al-Shabani, Kashif Noor, Amro Elfeki, and Ahmed Kamis. "Integrating Hydrological and Hydraulic Modelling for Flood Risk Management in a High Resolution Urbanized Area: Case Study Taibah University Campus, KSA." In Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions, 827–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70548-4_243.

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BEVEN, KEITH, JAMES BATHURST, ENDA O'CONNELL, IAN LITTLEWOOD, JIM BLACKIE, and MARK ROBINSON. "Hydrological Modelling." In Progress in Modern Hydrology: Past, Present and Future, 216–39. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119074304.ch7.

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Musall, Mark, Peter Oberle, and Franz Nestmann. "Hydraulic Modelling." In Flood Risk Assessment and Management, 187–209. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4_9.

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Hansen, M., and P. Gravesen. "Geological Modelling." In Distributed Hydrological Modelling, 193–214. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0257-2_10.

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Thorsen, M., J. Feyen, and M. Styczen. "Agrochemical Modelling." In Distributed Hydrological Modelling, 121–41. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0257-2_7.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Hydraulic and Hydrological Modelling"

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"A coupled hydrological-hydraulic flash flood forecasting system for Kuala Lumpur's Stormwater Management and Road Tunnel (SMART)." In 22nd International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand (MSSANZ), Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2017.l19.cohen.

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2

Hohaia, Nick, Elizabeth Fassman, William F. Hunt, and Kelly A. Collins. "Hydraulic and Hydrologic Modelling of Permeable Pavement." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2011. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41173(414)61.

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3

Stoyanova, Vesela, Snezhanka Balabanova, Georgy Koshinchanov, Valeriya Yordanova, and Silviya Stoyanova. "A COMBINED HYDROLOGICAL AND HYDRAULIC MODEL FOR FLOOD APPLIED TO THE DOWNSTREAM KAMCHIA RIVER." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s12.02.

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Future climate scenarios of the Global Circulation model (GCM) show an increased frequency of heavy rainfall events, which may lead to more severe floods. It is also expected that more and more areas will suffer due to flooding as a result of growing urbanization. Public attention has increased in many parts of the world in recent years and calls have been made to improve flood warnings, including the United States, the European Union and Australia (Hapuarachchi, H.A.P, and Q.J. Wang 2008). To respond and manage flood hazard there is a need to provide a high spatial resolution flood forecast and with sufficient lead time. This study presents an approach for creation of a forecast model based on the analysis of historical hydrometeorological data from conventional and automatic monitoring networks of the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in Bulgaria. The study area is the downstream Kamchia river watershed. Real-time water level observations and calculated discharges based on temporary rating curves are used to dynamically adjust the runoff forecasting. In this paper an approach for combining a hydrological model (TOPKAPI) and a twodimensional hydraulic model (HEC-RAS) for flood simulation is presented. Hydrological modelling is used for forecasting the outflow at a hydrometric station (43800) on Kamchia River near the village of Grozdyovo. The 2D hydraulic HEC-RAS model is used for simulating rainfall - runoff process in Kamchia watershed downstream of the village of Grozdyovo and the results from the hydrological modeling are used as an input data. In this paper the results of using operational hydrological data and forecast precipitation totals for flood simulation is presented.
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Murray, Titus, and William L. Power. "Conceptual Framework for Hydrologic Modelling of Faults." In PESA Symposium Qld 2022. PESA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36404/lmyz2214.

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Unconventional oil and gas developments may require considering the potential hydrological impacts of faults on near-surface groundwater assets. It is vital that faults are represented appropriately. There are several examples where faults have been invoked as part of “Straw Man” arguments to oppose development (Currell et. al. 2017 and Iverach et. al. 2020). The processes of dewatering and hydraulic fracture stimulation may generate preferential pathways for flow that impact aquifers and groundwater dependant ecosystems. As part of this, a clear framework for the assessment of the impact of faults has been provided in Murray and Power 2021. This study presents three distinct end-member geological scenarios and outlines methods for characterising faultrelated groundwater flow within a risk assessment context. 1) Regional aquitard isolates aquifer from development. Low risk of leakage across the aquitard because there are no faults, or the faults have displacements less than the thickness of the aquitard. 2) Region-wide aquitard is not present, the development and the groundwater assets are within the same groundwater system. CSG development may cause pressure to propagate parallel to the strike and dip of the fault in the fault damage zones. 3) Regional aquitard(s) are present, but larger displacement faults breach the aquitards, allowing for possible combinations of across-fault connections between the different aquifers, and between aquifers and the coal seams. In this scenario, potential flow pathways between the groundwater and the development need to be characterised using Allan Maps (fault plane profiles).
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BEILICCI, Erika, and Robert BEILICCI. ""Advanced Hydroinformatic Tools for Modelling of Associated Processes with Water Quality. "." In Air and Water – Components of the Environment 2022 Conference Proceedings. Casa Cărţii de Ştiinţă, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/awc2022_16.

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Water quality expresses the suitability of water to sustain various uses or processes: water for drink, food production, irrigation, animal husbandry, fishermen, recreation etc. Each use will have certain requirements for the physical, chemical or biological characteristics of water. The quality and composition of surface and underground waters is determined by natural factors (geological, topographical, meteorological, hydrological and biological characteristics of catchment) and by human activity (industrial wastes, sewage, runoff from farmland, cities, factory effluents, different hydrotechnical arrangements etc.). The evolution of water quality is also determined by the processes that take place in water bodies: chemical (neutralization, oxidation, reduction, flocculation, precipitation, adsorption, absorption, photochemical decomposition), physical (dilution, mixing, diffusion, sedimentation, coagulation, dissolution of oxygen, release of gases into the air, also influenced by solar radiation IR and UV, water temperature), biological (by its own biocenosis that competes with foreign elements, either directly, by lytic action (bacteriophages), filtration (shells), consumption (by protozoa) or the secretion of toxic substances for intruders (actinomycetes) and biochemicals (within the cycles of nitrogen, sulfur and carbon, based on the activity of specific microorganisms)). In this context, modeling the evolution of water quality is of particular importance for efficient water management. For the best possible forecast of water quality, the use of advanced hydroinformatic tools, such as the MIKEby DHI (Danish Hydraulic Institute) software package, is needed. The paper presents the possibility of using these tools and conducts a case study on a sector of the Bega River, downstream of Timisoara.
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6

Allahyaripour, Forough, Mohammad Azmi, Shahab Araghinejad, and Reza Aasemi. "Probabilistic Multivariate Forecasting of Hydrological Variables." In Applied Simulation and Modelling. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2011.715-011.

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"Modelling hydrological change due to wildfires." In 24th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2021.j8.partington.

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"Process-based hydrological modelling in different permafrost environments." In 22nd International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand (MSSANZ), Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2017.l9.lebedeva.

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Napolitano, Francesco, and Fabio Russo. "Preface of the “Mathematical Modelling of Hydrological Sciences”." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2015 (ICNAAM 2015). Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4952214.

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Koshinchanov, Georgy, and Snezhanka Balabanova. "Hydrological modelling using remote sensing techniques in Bulgaria." In Seventh International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation of the Environment (RSCy2019), edited by Giorgos Papadavid, Kyriacos Themistocleous, Silas Michaelides, Vincent Ambrosia, and Diofantos G. Hadjimitsis. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2533155.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Hydraulic and Hydrological Modelling"

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de Vries, Sander C. WFLOW_LINTUL: raster-based simulation of rice growth in the WFLOW/OpenStreams hydrological modelling platform : user manual and description of core model code. Wageningen: Wageningen Research (WR) business unit Agrosystems Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/461276.

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Estrella, Jorge, Davide Wuthrich, and Hubert Chanson. Two-phase air-water flow properties in hydraulic jump at low froude number: Scale effects in physical modelling. The University of Queensland, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14264/b6bf13f.

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de Kemp, E. A., H. A. J. Russell, B. Brodaric, D. B. Snyder, M. J. Hillier, M. St-Onge, C. Harrison, et al. Initiating transformative geoscience practice at the Geological Survey of Canada: Canada in 3D. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331097.

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Анотація:
Application of 3D technologies to the wide range of Geosciences knowledge domains is well underway. These have been operationalized in workflows of the hydrocarbon sector for a half-century, and now in mining for over two decades. In Geosciences, algorithms, structured workflows and data integration strategies can support compelling Earth models, however challenges remain to meet the standards of geological plausibility required for most geoscientific studies. There is also missing links in the institutional information infrastructure supporting operational multi-scale 3D data and model development. Canada in 3D (C3D) is a vision and road map for transforming the Geological Survey of Canada's (GSC) work practice by leveraging emerging 3D technologies. Primarily the transformation from 2D geological mapping, to a well-structured 3D modelling practice that is both data-driven and knowledge-driven. It is tempting to imagine that advanced 3D computational methods, coupled with Artificial Intelligence and Big Data tools will automate the bulk of this process. To effectively apply these methods there is a need, however, for data to be in a well-organized, classified, georeferenced (3D) format embedded with key information, such as spatial-temporal relations, and earth process knowledge. Another key challenge for C3D is the relative infancy of 3D geoscience technologies for geological inference and 3D modelling using sparse and heterogeneous regional geoscience information, while preserving the insights and expertise of geoscientists maintaining scientific integrity of digital products. In most geological surveys, there remains considerable educational and operational challenges to achieve this balance of digital automation and expert knowledge. Emerging from the last two decades of research are more efficient workflows, transitioning from cumbersome, explicit (manual) to reproducible implicit semi-automated methods. They are characterized by integrated and iterative, forward and reverse geophysical modelling, coupled with stratigraphic and structural approaches. The full impact of research and development with these 3D tools, geophysical-geological integration and simulation approaches is perhaps unpredictable, but the expectation is that they will produce predictive, instructive models of Canada's geology that will be used to educate, prioritize and influence sustainable policy for stewarding our natural resources. On the horizon are 3D geological modelling methods spanning the gulf between local and frontier or green-fields, as well as deep crustal characterization. These are key components of mineral systems understanding, integrated and coupled hydrological modelling and energy transition applications, e.g. carbon sequestration, in-situ hydrogen mining, and geothermal exploration. Presented are some case study examples at a range of scales from our efforts in C3D.
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The Modelling the Flow of the Mekong. Vientiane, Lao PDR: Mekong River Commission Secretariat, November 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.52107/mrc.ajhz5z.

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Annual Mekong Hydrology, Flood and Drought Report 2018. Vientiane, Lao PDR: Mekong River Commission Secretariat, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.52107/mrc.ajg3u4.

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The report will replaces the Annual Mekong Flood Report to provide an annual summary on different hydrological subjects, ranging from flood, hydrology, and drought recognition to monitoring and early warning, remote sensing, modelling, and water management.
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