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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "HYBRID AC DC MICROGRID"

1

Zhao and Wang. "Comprehensive Evaluation of AC/DC Hybrid Microgrid Planning Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process and Entropy Weight Method." Applied Sciences 9, no. 18 (September 12, 2019): 3843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9183843.

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Анотація:
The comprehensive evaluation of AC/DC hybrid microgrid planning can provide reference for the planning of AC/DC hybrid microgrids. This is conducive to the realization of reasonable and effective microgrid planning. Aiming at comprehensive evaluation of AC/DC hybrid microgrids, this paper establishes an evaluation index system for planning of AC/DC hybrid microgrids. This paper combines the subjective evaluation method with the objective evaluation method, and proposes a comprehensive evaluation method of AC/DC hybrid microgrid planning based on analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method. Finally, the validity and rationality of the evaluation method are verified by an example.
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2

Barros, J. Dionísio, Luis Rocha, and J. Fernando Silva. "Backstepping Predictive Control of Hybrid Microgrids Interconnected by Neutral Point Clamped Converters." Electronics 10, no. 10 (May 19, 2021): 1210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10101210.

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Анотація:
In this work, DC and AC parts of hybrid microgrids are interconnected by a neutral point clamped—NPC converter controlled using a new backstepping predictive (BP) method. The NPC converter is controlled to operate in the DC microgrid voltage control mode or in the AC microgrid power control mode. The novel backstepping predictive controller is designed using the dq state space dynamic model of the NPC converter connected to the hybrid microgrid. The designed BP controller regulates the DC voltage or AC injected power, balances the capacitor voltages, controls the AC currents, and enforces the near unity power factor. Simulation (MATLAB/Simulink) and experimental (laboratory prototype) results show that the converter can regulate the DC voltage in the DC microgrid interconnection point, by adjusting the AC power conversion to compensate variations on the loads or on the distributed renewable energy sources in the DC microgrid. AC currents are sinusoidal with low harmonic distortion. The obtained BP controller is faster at balancing capacitor voltages than PWM (pulse width modulation) control with carrier offset. The fast AC power response allows the converter to be used as a primary frequency regulator of the AC microgrid. This research is appropriate for power and voltage control in hybrid microgrids with renewable energy.
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3

Jadidi, Saeedreza, Hamed Badihi, and Youmin Zhang. "Passive Fault-Tolerant Control Strategies for Power Converter in a Hybrid Microgrid." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 27, 2020): 5625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215625.

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Анотація:
Control of AC/DC pulse-width modulation (PWM) power electronic converter, referred to as “AC/DC PWM converter”, is vital to the efficient regulation of power flow between AC and DC parts of a hybrid microgrid. Given the importance of such converters in AC/DC microgrids, this paper investigates the design of fault-tolerant control for AC/DC PWM converters in the presence of microgrid faults. In particular, two novel fault-tolerant schemes based on fuzzy logic and model predictive control are proposed and implemented in an advanced hybrid microgrid benchmark in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The considered hybrid microgrid consists of dynamic loads and distributed energy resources including solar photovoltaic arrays, wind turbines, and battery energy storage systems. The proposed schemes especially target the fault effects due to common power-loss malfunctions in solar photovoltaic arrays in the presence of microgrid uncertainties and disturbances. The effectiveness of proposed fault-tolerant control schemes is demonstrated and compared under realistic fault scenarios in the hybrid microgrid benchmark.
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4

Chang, Fangyuan, John O’Donnell, and Wencong Su. "Voltage Stability Assessment of AC/DC Hybrid Microgrid." Energies 16, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010399.

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Анотація:
AC/DC hybrid microgrids are becoming potentially more attractive due to the proliferation of renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic generation, battery energy storage systems, and wind turbines. The collaboration of AC sub-microgrids and DC sub-microgrids improves operational efficiency when multiple types of power generators and loads coexist at the power distribution level. However, the voltage stability analysis and software validation of AC/DC hybrid microgrids is a critical concern, especially with the increasing adoption of power electronic devices and various types of power generation. In this manuscript, we investigate the modeling of AC/DC hybrid microgrids with grid-forming and grid-following power converters. We propose a rapid simulation technique to reduce the simulation runtime with acceptable errors. Moreover, we discuss the stability of hybrid microgrids with different types of faults and power mismatches. In particular, we examine the voltage nadir to evaluate the transient stability of the hybrid microgrid. We also design a droop controller to regulate the power flow and alleviate voltage instability. During our study, we establish a Simulink-based simulation platform for operational analysis of the microgrid.
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5

Pan, Hao, Ming Ding, Rui Bi, and Lei Sun. "Research on Cooperative Planning of Distributed Generation Access to AC/DC Distribution (Micro) Grids Based on Analytical Target Cascading." Energies 12, no. 10 (May 15, 2019): 1847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12101847.

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Анотація:
With the wide application of distributed generation (DG) and the rapid development of alternating current/direct current (AC/DC) hybrid microgrids, the optimal planning of distributed generation connecting to AC/DC distribution networks/microgrids has become an urgent problem to resolve. This paper presents a collaborative planning method for distributed generation access to AC/DC distribution (micro) grids. Based on the grid structure of the AC/DC distribution network, the typical interconnection structure of the AC/DC hybrid microgrid and AC/DC distribution network is designed. The optimal allocation models of distributed power supply for the AC/DC distribution network and microgrid are established based on analytical target cascading. The power interaction between the distribution network and microgrid is used to establish a coupling relationship, and the augmented Lagrangian penalty function is used to solve the collaborative programming problem. The results of distributed power supply allocation are obtained, solving the problem so that distribution generation with different capacity levels is connected to the power grid system in a single form.
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6

Azeem, Omar, Mujtaba Ali, Ghulam Abbas, Muhammad Uzair, Ayman Qahmash, Abdulmohsen Algarni, and Mohammad Rashid Hussain. "A Comprehensive Review on Integration Challenges, Optimization Techniques and Control Strategies of Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid." Applied Sciences 11, no. 14 (July 6, 2021): 6242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11146242.

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Анотація:
The depletion of natural resources and the intermittence of renewable energy resources have pressed the need for a hybrid microgrid, combining the benefits of both AC and DC microgrids, minimizing the overall deficiency shortcomings and increasing the reliability of the system. The hybrid microgrid also supports the decentralized grid control structure, aligning with the current scattered and concentrated load scenarios. Hence, there is an increasing need to explore and reveal the integration, optimization, and control strategies regarding the hybrid microgrid. A comprehensive study of hybrid microgrid’s performance parameters, efficiency, reliability, security, design flexibility, and cost-effectiveness is required. This paper discusses major issues regarding the hybrid microgrids, the integration of AC and DC microgrids, their security and reliability, the optimization of power generation and load management in different scenarios, the efficient management regarding uncertainty for renewable energy resources, the optimal placement of feeders, and the cost-effective control methodologies for the hybrid microgrid. The major research areas are briefly explained, aiming to find the research gap that can further improve the performance of the grid. In light of the recent trends in research, novel strategies are proposed that are found most effective and cost-friendly regarding the hybrid microgrid. This paper will serve as a baseline for future research, comparative analysis, and further development of novel techniques regarding hybrid microgrids.
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7

Nallolla, Chinna Alluraiah, Vijayapriya P, Dhanamjayulu Chittathuru, and Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban. "Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms for a Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid Using RES: A Comprehensive Review." Electronics 12, no. 4 (February 20, 2023): 1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12041062.

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Анотація:
Optimization methods for a hybrid microgrid system that integrated renewable energy sources (RES) and supplies reliable power to remote areas, were considered in order to overcome the intermittent nature of RESs. The hybrid AC/DC microgrid system was constructed with a solar photovoltaic system, wind turbine, battery storage, converter, and diesel generator. There is a steady increase in the utilization of hybrid renewable energy sources with hybrid AC/DC microgrids; consequently, it is necessary to solve optimization techniques. Therefore, the present study proposed utilizing multi-objective optimization methods using evolutionary algorithms. In this context, a few papers were reviewed regarding multi-objective optimization to determine the capacity and optimal design of a hybrid AC/DC microgrid with RESs. Here, the optimal system consisted of the minimum cost of energy, minimum net present cost, low operating cost, low carbon emissions and a high renewable fraction. These were determined by using multi-objective optimization (MOO) algorithms. The sizing optimization of the hybrid AC/DC microgrid was based on the multi-objective grey wolf optimizer (MOGWO) and multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO). Similarly, multi-objective optimization with different evolutionary algorithms (MOGA, MOGOA etc.) reduces energy cost and net present cost, and increases the reliability of islanded hybrid microgrid systems.
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8

Lotfi, Hossein, and Amin Khodaei. "Hybrid AC/DC microgrid planning." Energy 118 (January 2017): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.12.015.

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9

Rezaei, Omid, Omid Mirzapour, Mohammad Panahazari, and Hassan Gholami. "Hybrid AC/DC Provisional Microgrid Planning Model Considering Converter Aging." Electricity 3, no. 2 (June 7, 2022): 236–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electricity3020014.

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Анотація:
Renewable energy deployment through distributed energy resources is among the central goals of future power systems. Microgrids have proven to be an economically viable solution for distributed energy resources’ integration into the power system and benefits customers with uninterrupted power supply. In this context, provisional microgrids have been introduced with the main goal of rapid renewable energy resource deployment. Since a considerable portion of renewable energy resources, as well as residential loads, are DC, and this portion is expected to grow even further, hybrid AC/DC design of provisional microgrids can improve both efficiency and economic benefit through an optimal arrangement of AC/DC feeders and converters. This paper presents a planning model for hybrid provisional microgrids considering the long-term influence of energy storage and the aging process of converters on economic revenues. Due to several intrinsic uncertainties involved in provisional microgrid operation, robust optimization is applied to the problem to ensure optimality under worst-case conditions. Results show the economic benefits of a hybrid provisional microgrid compared to a provisional microgrid and independent microgrid. Several sensitivity analyses are carried out to identify critical factors in planning.
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10

Vinothkumar, J., and R. Thamizhselvan. "Efficient Power Management and Control Strategy of Hybrid Renewable Energy System in Microgrid." International Journal on Applied Physics and Engineering 2 (July 17, 2023): 106–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232030.2023.2.11.

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Анотація:
Currently, the use of renewable energy has gradually increased due to the environmental problems present nowadays. The intermittency of distributed renewable generation poses significant challenges for the operation and integration of microgrids. Unlike the main power grid, where load balancing resources, in general, are abundant, the balancing of generation and load in a microgrid must be done by small gas turbines, diesel generators, or energy storage devices with very limited capacity and at much higher costs. Consequently, the proposed methodology seeks a model for minimizing the Energy Cost (EC) and enhancing the power supply for rural areas by designing and analyzing four different hybrid system configurations based on integrating a biomass system with a photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT) and battery system. To ensure the desired power demand with minimum production cost, the research proposed an energy-efficient Hybrid DC/AC microgrid using four renewable energy sources. Lithium-ion batteries were chosen for this study due to their high energy density, long life cycle, and high efficiency. The existence of both AC and DC microgrids has led to a new concept of hybrid AC/DC microgrids which consists of both AC and DC grids tied by an Interlinking Converter (ILC). It comprises a DC grid and AC grid interlinked by a bidirectional DC/AC converter. Such a hybrid AC/DC microgrid has the advantages of both AC and DC with increased efficiency and less cost. To provide higher voltages, the Multi-Input Booster (MIB) DC-DC converters are used as a power converter in between load and source to enforce and increase the PV depending on the voltage output signal. Further extract maximum power from the solar PV system, perturb and observe algorithm-based power point tracking control mechanism is proposed DC link voltage of ILC is regulated usually by DC side control in load sharing among sources in the DC microgrid. In addition, to overcome the load fluctuation problem in a microgrid, the research introduced a Mamdani type 2 PID-fuzzy controller. Performance index parameters of the transient response characteristics are also improved by using the proposed control approach. The time-domain dynamic responses reveal that the proposed type-II fuzzy PID controller can balance the power generation and demand properly and control both system frequency and tie-line power effectively.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "HYBRID AC DC MICROGRID"

1

Qiao, Feng. "Hybrid AC/DC distribution network voltage control." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/22978.

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Анотація:
A hybrid AC/DC distribution network can be formed after integration of increasing numbers of electronically interfaced distributed generators (DGs) and microgrids (MGs). Voltage/Var control (VVC) in this evolved system requires to control not only the traditional VVC resources such as transformer tap changer and shunt capacitor but also the newly emerged ones such as DGs and MGs. In addition, various stakeholders such as MG's operator and distribution network operator coexist in this evolved system. They usually represent distinct operational interests and make the VVC even more difficult. Therefore, VVC in hybrid AC/DC distribution networks expects to addresses not only the coordination among various voltage/var resources but also the conflicting interests of different stakeholders. In this thesis, various VVC schemes are developed to address above mentioned concerns, which provide promising solutions for system operators in future hybrid AC/DC distribution networks. Driven by advancements in power conversion and communication technologies, the dispersed MGs can be participated in VVC scheme and coordinated with other VVC resources. This thesis firstly proposes a VVC scheme to leverage the flexible power injections from grid-tied MGs. The tuning range of MGs' reactive power injections are widen by controlling local energy storage systems. Then, a two-layer VVC control scheme is developed. The upper layer is a multi-objective voltage/var optimisation model that schedules all the VVC resources including grid-tied MGs. The lower layer consists of various controllers in MGs, which aims to maintain the local power quality and to execute the setpoints sending from the upper layer. Although VVC performance can be enhanced by controlling MGs' reactive power injections, a lack of consideration for their active power control could result in deterioration on MG's local power supply. To this end, a coordinated VVC scheme is proposed to link MG's power management with VVC. The control of MG's local devices and control of voltage/var resources in distribution network are allocated into two different but interlinked optimisation models. Furthermore, the mechanically controlled OLTC and SC and electronically controlled DGs and MGs are scheduled in different timescales. Finally, a multi-objective VVC scheme is proposed to maximise the VVC contributions from various stakeholders such as MGs and distribution network operator. Since trade-off solutions are utilised in this scheme, it is promising to be used in multi-lateral cases where MGs are not unilaterally controlled by distribution network operators. The scheme is supported by an identification approach which fairly quantifies the VVC contributions from various stakeholders. Each stakeholder could be rewarded in proportion to its VVC contribution, so their participations are motivated without conflicts to satisfy voltage control requirements.
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2

Farhadi, Mustafa. "Hybrid Energy Storage Implementation in DC and AC Power System for Efficiency, Power Quality and Reliability Improvements." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2471.

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Анотація:
Battery storage devices have been widely utilized for different applications. However, for high power applications, battery storage systems come with several challenges, such as the thermal issue, low power density, low life span and high cost. Compared with batteries, supercapacitors have a lower energy density but their power density is very high, and they offer higher cyclic life and efficiency even during fast charge and discharge processes. In this dissertation, new techniques for the control and energy management of the hybrid battery-supercapacitor storage system are developed to improve the performance of the system in terms of efficiency, power quality and reliability. To evaluate the findings of this dissertation, a laboratory-scale DC microgrid system is designed and implemented. The developed microgrid utilizes a hybrid lead-acid battery and supercapacitor energy storage system and is loaded under various grid conditions. The developed microgrid has also real-time monitoring, control and energy management capabilities. A new control scheme and real-time energy management algorithm for an actively controlled hybrid DC microgrid is developed to reduce the adverse impacts of pulsed power loads. The developed control scheme is an adaptive current-voltage controller that is based on the moving average measurement technique and an adaptive proportional compensator. Unlike conventional energy control methods, the developed controller has the advantages of controlling both current and voltage of the system. This development is experimentally tested and verified. The results show significant improvements achieved in terms of enhancing the system efficiency, reducing the AC grid voltage drop and mitigating frequency fluctuation. Moreover, a novel event-based protection scheme for a multi-terminal DC power system has been developed and evaluated. In this technique, fault identification and classifications are performed based on the current derivative method and employing an artificial inductive line impedance. The developed scheme does not require high speed communication and synchronization and it transfers much less data when compared with the traditional method such as the differential protection approach. Moreover, this scheme utilizes less measurement equipment since only the DC bus data is required.
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3

Salehi, Pour Mehr Vahid. "Development and Verification of Control and Protection Strategies in Hybrid AC/DC Power Systems for Smart Grid Applications." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/804.

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Анотація:
Modern power networks incorporate communications and information technology infrastructure into the electrical power system to create a smart grid in terms of control and operation. The smart grid enables real-time communication and control between consumers and utility companies allowing suppliers to optimize energy usage based on price preference and system technical issues. The smart grid design aims to provide overall power system monitoring, create protection and control strategies to maintain system performance, stability and security. This dissertation contributed to the development of a unique and novel smart grid test-bed laboratory with integrated monitoring, protection and control systems. This test-bed was used as a platform to test the smart grid operational ideas developed here. The implementation of this system in the real-time software creates an environment for studying, implementing and verifying novel control and protection schemes developed in this dissertation. Phasor measurement techniques were developed using the available Data Acquisition (DAQ) devices in order to monitor all points in the power system in real time. This provides a practical view of system parameter changes, system abnormal conditions and its stability and security information system. These developments provide valuable measurements for technical power system operators in the energy control centers. Phasor Measurement technology is an excellent solution for improving system planning, operation and energy trading in addition to enabling advanced applications in Wide Area Monitoring, Protection and Control (WAMPAC). Moreover, a virtual protection system was developed and implemented in the smart grid laboratory with integrated functionality for wide area applications. Experiments and procedures were developed in the system in order to detect the system abnormal conditions and apply proper remedies to heal the system. A design for DC microgrid was developed to integrate it to the AC system with appropriate control capability. This system represents realistic hybrid AC/DC microgrids connectivity to the AC side to study the use of such architecture in system operation to help remedy system abnormal conditions. In addition, this dissertation explored the challenges and feasibility of the implementation of real-time system analysis features in order to monitor the system security and stability measures. These indices are measured experimentally during the operation of the developed hybrid AC/DC microgrids. Furthermore, a real-time optimal power flow system was implemented to optimally manage the power sharing between AC generators and DC side resources. A study relating to real-time energy management algorithm in hybrid microgrids was performed to evaluate the effects of using energy storage resources and their use in mitigating heavy load impacts on system stability and operational security.
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4

Lo, Franco Francesco. "Integrazione di sistemi di accumulo a batterie e impianti fotovoltaici di grande taglia per applicazioni grid-connected." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.

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Анотація:
In un impianto fotovoltaico connesso alla rete elettrica, l’ integrazione di un sistema di accumulo permette di raccogliere l’ energia dal solare nelle ore di minor richiesta di rete (di giorno), ed erogarla nei momenti di bassa produzione e di maggiore richiesta di rete (la sera). In collaborazione con ENGIE Eps, è sorta l’ esigenza di confrontare tre diverse tipologie di accoppiamento delle batterie in un impianto ibrido PV+Batteria connesso alla rete elettrica. La prima architettura è chiamata AC coupling poiché il BESS (Battery Energy Storage System) è connesso tramite opportuni convertitori, direttamente alla rete elettrica. La terza e la seconda architettura sono denominate DC Coupling poiché il BESS è collegato tramite un convertitore o senza, al lato DC dell’ impianto. Il confronto è stato realizzato analizzando i flussi di potenza dell’ impianto facendo riferimento a dati di produzione reali forniti da ENGIE Eps. Più in particolare, sono stati forniti i dati di produzione e di irraggiamento di un impianto reale di potenza massima pari a 285 MW, con storage di capacità pari a 275 MWh. La valutazione della potenza richiesta all’ impianto è stata ottenuta dall’analisi del segnale AGC relativo alla rete nella quale l’ impianto è inserito. Tale segnale `e stato generato a partire da dati di frequenza di rete forniti dall’ azienda. Dall’ analisi precedentemente descritta si è individuata l’ architettura migliore in termini di rendimento, che risulta essere la DC coupling con DC/DC sulla batteria. Nell’ ultima parte della tesi si è inoltre svolto su richiesta di ENGIE Eps, lo studio del controllo dei convertitori relativi all’ architettura in esame. La strategia di controllo individuata è descritta nel dettaglio in questo documento.
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5

Santos, Heron Alves dos. "Design of a controlled single-phase ac-dc converter for interconnection of DC and AC buses of a microgrid." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12977.

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Анотація:
The recent growth expectation of the participation of solar-photovoltaic energy sources in the power generation matrix has significantly increased the number of grid-connected systems. For connection to power grid, it is essential to use a dc-ac converter, which is able to suit the characteristics of the power provided by the photovoltaic modules to grid parameters. This dissertation presents a project proposal of a 2 kW single phase dc-ac converter for connecting a 311 V dc bus to a 220 Vrms ac bus of a microgrid. The proposed converter is bidirectional and allows, when necessary, the power flow from ac to dc bus. The study shows, through simulation and prototype implementation in the laboratory, that with the application of an appropriate control strategy it is possible to control the direction of power flow, as well as properly modulating the current flowing between two buses, dc, powered by photovoltaic panels and the battery bank, and the ac, at grid side. The prototype had a yield of about 91% and has injected electric current with low harmonic content (THDi less than 5%).
A recente expectativa de crescimento da participaÃÃo da energia solar-fotovoltaica na matriz de geraÃÃo de energia elÃtrica aumentou significativamente o nÃmero de conexÃes desses sistemas à rede elÃtrica. Para que a interligaÃÃo com a rede elÃtrica convencional seja possÃvel, à indispensÃvel a utilizaÃÃo de conversores CC/CA, capazes de adequar as caracterÃsticas da energia disponibilizada pelos mÃdulos fotovoltaicos aos padrÃes da rede. Esta dissertaÃÃo apresenta uma proposta de projeto de conversor CC/CA de 2 kW para conexÃo de dois barramentos de uma microrrede, um CC em 311 V e outro CA em 220 Vrms. O conversor proposto à bidirecional e permite, quando necessÃrio, o fluxo de energia elÃtrica do barramento CA para o CC. O estudo realizado mostra, atravÃs de simulaÃÃes e de implementaÃÃo de protÃtipo em laboratÃrio, que com a aplicaÃÃo de uma estratÃgia de controle adequada à possÃvel controlar o sentido do fluxo de potÃncia do conversor, assim como modular apropriadamente a corrente que flui entre dois barramentos, o CC, alimentado por painÃis fotovoltaicos e por banco de baterias, e o barramento CA, do lado da rede elÃtrica. O protÃtipo desenvolvido apresentou rendimento de cerca de 91% e forneceu corrente elÃtrica de baixo conteÃdo harmÃnico (THDi menor que 5%).
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6

Anderson, Glenn Warwick Jan. "Hybrid simulation of AC-DC power systems." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1176.

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Анотація:
Transient stability studies are primarily concerned with the generator response of ac power systems and use only steady state type equations to model HVdc converter terminals. These equations are adequate for small disturbances at the converter terminals but cannot accurately represent a converters behaviour during, and through its recovery of, a significant transient disturbance. A detailed three phase electromagnetic analysis is necessary to describe the converters correct behaviour. This thesis describes an accurate and effective hybrid method combining these two types of studies, for analyzing dynamically fast devices such as HVdc converters within ac power systems. Firstly, conventional techniques are reviewed for both a transient stability analysis of power systems and for an electromagnetic transient analysis of HVdc converters. This review deals in particular with the two programs that constitute the hybrid developed in this thesis. Various techniques are then examined to efficiently and accurately pass the dynamic effects of an HVdc link to an ac system stability study, and the dynamic effects of an ac system to a detailed HVdc link study. An optimal solution is derived to maximise the inherent advantages of a hybrid. Finally, the hybrid is applied to a test system and its effectiveness in performing its task is shown.
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7

Podes, Christopher. "AC/DC: Let There Be Hybrid Cooling." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3434.

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Анотація:
In today’s increasingly energy conscious society, the methods of providing thermal comfort to humans are constantly under scrutiny. Depending on the climate, and the comfort requirements of the occupants, buildings can be designed to heat and cool occupants with passive methods, as well as mechanical methods. In the subtropics, where buildings often need to be heated in the winter and cooled in the summer, a synthesis of these two methods would be ideal. However, there is a disconnect between the integration of passive cooling and mechanical air conditioning, in subtropical architecture. A study of user attitudes, based out of Australia, found that, “Central control of temperatures has been used to cut demand by preventing users from altering thermostats and other parts of the building for microclimate control. In particular, windows are sealed to prevent tampering.”1 Reliance on air conditioning has the everyday person convinced that if we save energy in the right places, we can use air conditioning as much as we like. The same study goes on to state, “Air-conditioning has been assumed to replace the need for climate design features in buildings creating poor thermal design and high energy use.”2 This can be most clearly seen in our public buildings. Fully conditioned buildings pump cool air into sealed envelopes, adjusting the thermostat to regulate thermal comfort year-round, often in a climate in which mechanical air conditioning is needed only four months of the year, and during the warmest hours of the day. Inversely, ventilated buildings provide passive cooling in a climate in which the temperature and humidity are often too high for thermal comfort during the same four months of the year. In his book Natural Ventilation in Buildings, Francis Allard points out that the global energy efficiency movement, begun in the early 1990s, has now emerged as a concept that incorporates active air conditioning and sitespecific climate design of buildings into one holistic approach.3 However, these buildings exist in more dry and temperate climates, and do not fully apply to the subtropics as cooling models. A model is needed for subtropical architecture allowing a building to reach both ends of the spectrum; from natural ventilation, through mechanical ventilation, to mechanical air conditioning. The goal of this thesis is to design a hybrid model for subtropical architecture which maximizes the use of natural and mechanical ventilation, and minimizes the use of mechanical air conditioning. The vehicle for this explanation is the design of an educational facility. Research of thermal comfort needs for occupants in the subtropics was accompanied with observation studies. This research was compared with case study, site and program analysis. The analysis was supplemented by a handbook of passive and mechanical cooling which was compiled to aid in establishing cooling strategies for the design process. The implementation of the research and analysis was brought to a conclusion that successfully achieved the goals of this thesis. By using passive methods to lower the temperature of the air surrounding the classroom buildings, the incoming air used to cool the occupants reached temperatures low enough to be considered comfortable inside the classrooms.
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Alsharif, Sameer. "MANAGEMENT OF HYBRID (AC-DC) MICRO-GRIDS." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1355191663.

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Mino, Kazuaki. "Novel hybrid unidirectional three-phase AC-DC converter systems /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18185.

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Agbemuko, Adedotun Jeremiah. "Modelling and control strategies for hybrid AC/DC grids." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667950.

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The proposals for large-scale deployment of renewable energy sources is leading to the need for more cross-border interconnections creating a pan-European power system, at the EU level. Such interconnections may take advantage of existing AC systems, but also of the DC links or DC grids under development; hence, hybrid AC/DC grids. Although hybrid AC/DC transmission grids are far from being truly large-scale, they are beginning to evolve as key components of future transmission infrastructures. By hybrid AC/DC grids, power electronic interfaces are invariably implied. As a consequence, several challenges are beginning to emerge at the network level due to the increasing adoption of these devices. The dynamics and interactions that may appear in such integrated systems are relatively unknown since they will interconnect at least two subnetworks of AC and DC characteristics. Understanding how several classes of interaction could occur is key to proper design of controllers to mitigate them. Further, changes to how subnetworks should be securely operated in unison is required. Therefore, a rethought is necessary in the presence of these devices. Nevertheless, the answer to the question of how to detect detrimental behaviours? Is central to any proposed solution. Currently, traditional methods for modelling and analysis are showing inadequacies. Lack of consistent methods to model and analyse the phenomena often result to complicated solutions as existing literature suggests. Even more important are models that are tractable, flexible, and technology agnostic to allow abstraction of the underlying challenges. Hence, methods to better understand and assess the mechanism of interactions at system level, that may impact secure operation are required. In addition, methods that are intuitive and efficient to detect sources of interactions, and isolate them as rapidly as possible are preferred. This goes to the heart of flexibility and tractability. Therefore, this thesis presents methodologies and strategies for modelling and control of large-scale hybrid AC/DC transmission grids from a systematic perspective, with the consideration of the controllable devices. This thesis employs several potent high-level methodologies that possess physical connotation, are technology agnostic, and provide tractability for control. Subsequently, recommended control strategies are easy to adopt as their physical significance can be established. The principal findings of this thesis are that, system interactions between subnetworks are dependent on the broad characteristics of the each subnetwork. Thus, manipulating any of these characteristics subject to considerations, improves the overall behaviour. Within each subnetwork, interactions depend mainly on the dynamics of existing controllers, and the interconnection between several devices. Then, questions on how to detect and mitigate interactions as efficiently as possible, while incorporating the most relevant behaviour is answered. Furthermore, the conflict of control requirements of each subnetwork of the hybrid AC/DC network is highlighted. Thus, information about these requirements are leveraged to achieve overall compromises without jeopardizing minimum performance. To conclude, following the assessment of detrimental interactions and their corresponding mechanism, control strategies that take these into consideration are proposed and demonstrated.
Per complir amb l'objectiu del gran desplegament de les energies renovables cal ampliar les interconnexions entre diferents països creant una xarxa elèctrica de transmissió a nivell Europeu. Aquestes interconexions poden aprofitar els sistemes en corrent altern (CA) ja existents però també de Links en corrent continu (CC) or xarxes en CC. Tot i que les xarxes de transmissió hibrides CA i CC son encara lliuny de ser una realitat, s'estan començant a posicionar como una component principal de les infrastructures de transmissió del futur. A les xarxes CA i CC, electronica de potencia n'és part fortament implicada. Com a conseqüència de l'ús d'aquests elements, varis reptes comencen a emergir degut a la seva complexitat innerent i la seva gran utilització. Les dinàmiques i les interaccions que poden apareixer en aquest sistema integrat són desconegudes doncs, aquest interconnectarà com a minim dos sub xarxes amb diferents caracteristiques com son la CA i la CC. Entendre com diferents interaccions poden succeir es clau per a poder dissenyar de manera adequada els control·ladors i mitigar-les. A més a més, canvis en la operació coordinada de les subxarxes és requerit. Aleshores, repensar com resoldre el problema és necessari quan ens trovem en presencia d'aquestes components. Però, la responsta a la pregunta; Com detectem comportaments negatius? es rellevant per a qualsevol soluciió que es vulgui propossar. Els mètodes tradicionals de modelització i anàlisi mostren insuficiències. La manca de mètodes coherents per modelar i analitzar els fenòmens sovint es tradueix en solucions complicades com suggereix la literatura existent. Encara són més importants els models tractables, flexibles i agnòstics que permetin la abstracció dels reptes subjacents. Per tant, es requereixen mètodes per comprendre i valorar millor el mecanisme dinteraccions a nivell del sistema que puguin afectar un funcionament segur. A més, es prefereixen mètodes intuïtius i eficients per detectar fonts dinteraccions i aïllar-les el més ràpidament possible. Això arriba al cor de la flexibilitat i la traçabilitat. Per tant, aquesta tesi discuteix les estratègies de modelatge i control de les xarxes de transmissió híbrides CA / CC a gran escala des d'una perspectiva sistemàtica, tenint en compte els dispositius controlables. Aquesta tesi utilitza una potent metodologia dalt nivell que té una connotació física, és tecnologia agnòstica i tractable. Posteriorment, les estratègies de control recomanades són fàcils dadoptar ja que es pot establir la seva significació física. Els principals resultats d'aquesta tesi són que, les interaccions del sistema entre subxarxes depenen de les àmplies característiques de cada subxarxa. Per tant, la manipulació daquestes característiques subjectes a consideracions millora el comportament general. Dins de cada subxarxa, les interaccions depenen principalment de la dinàmica dels controladors existents en dispositius controlables i de la interconnexió entre diversos dispositius. A continuació, es responen preguntes sobre com detectar i mitigar les interaccions de la manera més eficaç possible, alhora que incorporar el comportament més rellevant. A més, es posa de manifest el conflicte de requisits de control de cada subxarxa de la xarxa híbrida CA / CC. Així, es pot aprofitar la informació sobre aquests requisits per aconseguir compromisos generals sense posar en perill el rendiment mínim. Validar i demostrar aquests models i estratègies de control ha estat una contribució clau en aquesta tesi.
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Книги з теми "HYBRID AC DC MICROGRID"

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Meegahapola, Lasantha, Siqi Bu, and Mingchen Gu. Hybrid AC/DC Power Grids: Stability and Control Aspects. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06384-8.

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Dong, Xinzhou. AC/DC Hybrid Large-Scale Power Grid System Protection. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6486-2.

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K, Kokula Krishna Hari, ed. Hybrid Energy System fed ANFIS based SEPIC Converter for DC/AC Loads. Chennai, India: Association of Scientists, Developers and Faculties, 2016.

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Nojavan, Sayyad, Mahdi Shafieezadeh, and Noradin Ghadimi. Risk-Based Energy Management: DC, AC and Hybrid AC-DC Microgrids. Elsevier Science & Technology, 2019.

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Nojavan, Sayyad, Mahdi Shafieezadeh, and Noradin Ghadimi. Risk-Based Energy Management: DC, AC and Hybrid AC-DC Microgrids. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2019.

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Wang, Jianhui, and Xiaonan Lu. Integrated Distribution Systems with AC/DC/Hybrid Microgrids: Planning, Control and Operation. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2023.

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Wang, Jianhui, and Xiaonan Lu. Integrated Distribution Systems with AC/DC/Hybrid Microgrids: Planning, Control and Operation. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2023.

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Wang, Jianhui, and Xiaonan Lu. Integrated Distribution Systems with AC/DC/Hybrid Microgrids: Planning, Control and Operation. Wiley-IEEE Press, 2023.

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Wang, Jianhui, and Xiaonan Lu. Integrated Distribution Systems with AC/DC/Hybrid Microgrids: Planning, Control and Operation. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2023.

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Li, Yunwei (Ryan), Farzam Nejabatkhah, and Hao Tian. Smart Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids: Power Management, Energy Management, and Power Quality Control. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2022.

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Частини книг з теми "HYBRID AC DC MICROGRID"

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Chen, Dong, and Lie Xu. "AC and DC Microgrid with Distributed Energy Resources." In Technologies and Applications for Smart Charging of Electric and Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles, 39–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43651-7_2.

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Xu, Jin, Keyou Wang, and Guojie Li. "Dynamic Phasor Modeling of a Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid." In Neural Information Processing, 277–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70136-3_30.

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Iuoras, Adrian Mihai, Sorin Ionuț Salcu, Vasile Mihai Suciu, Lucian Nicolae Pintilie, Norbert Csaba Szekely, Mircea Bojan, and Petre Dorel Teodosescu. "AC-DC Microgrid Analysis Using a Hybrid Real-Time HiL Approach." In Proceedings of Seventh International Congress on Information and Communication Technology, 589–600. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2394-4_54.

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Wang, Jingsong, Peng Yun Li, Chengming Gong, Donghui Li, and Chunyang Fan. "Flexible Control Strategy of DC Bus for Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid with Electric Vehicle." In Proceedings of 2020 International Top-Level Forum on Engineering Science and Technology Development Strategy and The 5th PURPLE MOUNTAIN FORUM (PMF2020), 99–112. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9746-6_8.

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Mamatha, S., and G. Mallesham. "Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid Control and Management of Power Using Bidirectional AC/DC Converter by Autonomous Control Mode." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 277–89. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7993-4_23.

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Mamatha, S., and G. Mallesham. "A Review on Multiobjective Control Schemes of Conventional Hybrid DC/AC Microgrid." In Wind and Solar Energy Applications, 197–204. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003321897-16.

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Wang, Mufan, Ruoxuan Sun, Yuchao Luo, Jianlong Sun, Liang Cheng, and Zaijun Wu. "The Optimal Configuration of AC/DC Hybrid Microgrid with Mobile Energy Storage Considering Seasonal DC Load." In Proceedings of PURPLE MOUNTAIN FORUM 2019-International Forum on Smart Grid Protection and Control, 175–92. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9783-7_14.

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Zhang, Xin, Fanfan Lin, Hao Ma, Bin Zhao, and Jingjing Huang. "Multi-time Scale Frequency Regulation of a General Resonant DC Transformer in Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid." In Holistic Design of Resonant DC Transformer on Constant Voltage Conversion, Cascaded Stability and High Efficiency, 211–35. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9115-8_8.

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Zhang, Xin, Fanfan Lin, Hao Ma, Bin Zhao, and Jingjing Huang. "The Proposed Robust Circuit Parameters Design for the CLLC-Type DC Transformer in the Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid." In Holistic Design of Resonant DC Transformer on Constant Voltage Conversion, Cascaded Stability and High Efficiency, 11–43. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9115-8_2.

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Jayachandran, M., Gundala Srinivasa Rao, and Ch Rami Reddy. "A Unique Interlinking Converter Control for Hybrid AC/DC Islanded Microgrids." In Sustainable Communication Networks and Application, 177–86. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6605-6_12.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "HYBRID AC DC MICROGRID"

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Lotfi, Hossein, and Amin Khodaei. "Static hybrid AC/DC microgrid planning." In 2016 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isgt.2016.7781274.

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Hamza, Ameer, Hamza Bin Tahir, Kiran Siraj, and Mashood Nasir. "Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid for Residential Applications." In 2019 IEEE Third International Conference on DC Microgrids (ICDCM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdcm45535.2019.9232773.

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John, Ginnes K., M. R. Sindhu, and TNP Nambiar. "Hybrid VSI Compensator for AC/DC Microgrid." In 2019 IEEE Region 10 Symposium (TENSYMP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tensymp46218.2019.8971222.

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Nourollahi, Ramin, Alireza Akbari-Dibavar, Masoud Agabalaye-Rahvar, Kazem Zare, and Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam. "Hybrid Robust-CVaR optimization of Hybrid AC-DC Microgrid." In 2021 11th Smart Grid Conference (SGC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sgc54087.2021.9664021.

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Navarro-Rodriguez, Angel, Pablo Garcia, Cristian Blanco, Ramy Georgious, and Jorge Garcia. "Cooperative Control in a Hybrid DC/AC Microgrid based on Hybrid DC/AC Virtual Generators." In 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecce.2018.8558184.

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Gao, Feng, Xiaohui Wang, Peihao Yang, Shuichao Kou, and Mengyao Sun. "Research and Simulation of Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid." In 2020 4th International Conference on HVDC (HVDC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hvdc50696.2020.9292793.

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Mahmud, Rasel, and Arash Nejadpak. "Distributed Cooperative Control of Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid." In 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc40753.2019.8981184.

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Zhang, Xibeng, and Abhisek Ukil. "Control and Coordination of Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid." In 2018 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isgt-asia.2018.8467797.

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Dehghan Manshadi, Saeed, and Mohammad Khodayar. "Decentralized operation framework for hybrid AC/DC microgrid." In 2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/naps.2016.7747902.

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Kishore, D. Ravi, Muchhupalli Saimanoj, Adapala Sri Venkata Sai Kishore, and Devadi Hari Krishna Veerendra. "Modeling and Controlling of AC/DC Hybrid Microgrid." In 2023 Fifth International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication Technologies (ICECCT). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icecct56650.2023.10179709.

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Звіти організацій з теми "HYBRID AC DC MICROGRID"

1

Zhao, Dongbo. AC and DC Hybrid Distribution Grids with Solar Integration: Architecture, Stabilization and Cost Assessment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1834743.

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