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Статті в журналах з теми "Humour – Chili":
1
PYSARCHUK, OKSANA, and VOLODYMYR CHAIKA. "PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL POTENTIAL OF HUMOUR AS A MEANS OF TEACHING AND NURTURING PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS." Scientific Issues of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: pedagogy 1, no. 2 (November 23, 2021): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2415-3605.21.2.6.
Анотація:
The relevance of the article is stipulated to the active search for qualitatively new ways to improve the efficiency of the educational process in primary school. One of them is humour as a special property of human nature. The use of elements of humour in the organization of the educational process in primary school, methods and techniques based on wit, has significant psychological and pedagogical potential and is a significant reserve for improving the effectiveness of learning, education and personality development of primary school. The application of forms of humour with pupils of primary school in work contributes to the development of personal qualities of pupils, the formation of their critical thinking, the ability to make decisions independently and creatively approach any business. The purpose of the article is to determine the psychological and pedagogical potential of humour as a means of teaching and nurturing pupils of primary school.
Various approaches to the interpretation of the essence of the concept of “humour” are analyzed in the article; the complexity of the nature of humour is grounded, which is stipulated to synthetic combinations of communicative, emotional and intellectual spheres, personal traits of a child, socio-cultural conditions of its formation. The problem of application of elements of humour during the organization of educational process in establishments of general secondary education in the context of scientific developments of known scientists (Ya. A. Komensky, A. Makarenko, V. Sukhomlinsky, Sh. Amonashvili, O. Savchenko) is investigated. The psychological and pedagogical potential of humour as a means of teaching and nurturing pupils of primary school, which provides a set of all available tools, opportunities for humor that can be used in teaching and educational process in general, and identified a set of psychological and pedagogical conditions to increase its productivity: creating an atmosphere of cooperation and trust through the skillful use of humorous methods and techniques; adequacy of humor to the peculiarities of the development of the emotional sphere of junior pupils; organic use of humor in the content of educational material. The role of the influence of humor elements on the emotional sphere of junior pupils during the organization of the educational process in primary school is substantiated. The relationship of value emotional states (interest, joy, surprise) with the mental processes of the individual (memory, will, thinking) during the use of elements of humour in primary school lessons is analyzed. The forms of humour in the life of pupils of primary school, the peculiarities of their formation and development in accordance with the age category are reflected.
2
Dorkin, Andrew. "Humouring Futurity: Avant-Garde Poetry for Children?" CounterText 7, no. 3 (December 2021): 350–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/count.2021.0241.
Анотація:
This essay humours the possibility of a kinder-garde, in which poets humour children so that children might humour poetry's futurity. I propose humouring as a critical approach premised on a compliant tension with a text, a subversive toleration that undermines ‘aetonormative’ seriousness and upholds ‘childish’ humour as valuable play-with-value. The Kindergarde anthology (ed. Dana Teen Lomax 2013 ) claims to translate avant-gardism for a child audience, linking its experimental poems to the experimentation of children's play. Using carnivalisation, détournement, defamiliarisation, and other forms of what Ryan Fitzpatrick and Jonathan Ball term ‘experimentation-with-humour’, Kindergarde constructs inclusive spaces for humoured subversion, in which children can sidestep oppressive adult normativity. The child's humoured humouring of adult power is discussed here by re-reading children's literature's ‘impossible relation’ (after Jacqueline Rose) in terms of Michel Serres’ ‘parasite’, Judy Little's feminist ‘humouring’ of male language, and Lee Edelman's queering of ‘reproductive futurism.’ Asserting that it is the condition of twenty-first-century poetry to be humoured – as a ‘minor literature’ (Deleuze and Guattari) with a ‘minor attitude’ (Georges Bataille) – my humouring of the Kindergarde builds toward a post-literary vision of the kinder-gardist as futurity-humourist.
3
Jones, Nick. "Child behaviour Humour." Early Years Educator 3, no. 5 (September 2001): 43–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/eyed.2001.3.5.15173.
4
Dalebout, Michael G. "“Which One of You Is the Twelve-Year-Old Boy?”: Children’s Humour, Wittgensteinian Jokes, and the Sack Lunch Bunch." Jeunesse: Young People, Texts, Cultures 13, no. 1 (June 2021): 237–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jeunesse.13.1.237.
Анотація:
This article reads the comedic after-school special John Mulaney & the Sack Lunch Bunch (Netflix 2019) alongside philosophical accounts of humour, comedy, and laughter—collectively, Humour—and elaborates upon how Sack Lunch repurposes the conceptual binary of adult and child, neither reinforcing nor denying its formative role in the relationship between people of diverse ages. Interpreted as what Ludwig Wittgenstein called a grammatical investigation (or a study of how language is used), Sack Lunch inhabits the ambiguous and artificial boundary between child and adult to trouble an overly familiar picture of growing up. In showing how children’s and adults’ Humour is alike in showing what is funny, or off, in our world, Sack Lunch is a non-instrumental example of Humour as a pedagogical resource. Because it exposes the sedimented conceptions underlying how intergenerational social relationships perpetuate socio-political injustices, children’s Humour in particular warrants further attention by philosophers of humour.
5
Yılmaz, Betül, and Feyza Tantekin Erden. "Exploring humour within the early childhood period from children’s and teachers’ perspectives." Journal of Childhood, Education & Society 3, no. 2 (July 19, 2022): 151–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37291/2717638x.202232168.
Анотація:
The purpose of this study was to examine humour from the perspectives of 60-72-month-old children and their teachers in Turkey. A phenomenological method was used to collect data through semi-structured interviews, which included each child making a drawing about something they thought was ‘funny’. Teachers were also interviewed via semi-structured questions related to children’s humour. Data collected from 22 children and five teachers were analysed using McGhee’s humour development theory and Martin’s descriptions of four humour styles. The humour produced by our sample mainly included items related to incongruity. Teachers described children’s humour development in terms of how the children behaved within their social group, and some believing that children who do not make jokes about their peers, have no humour development. Our findings pointed to a lack of awareness of the benefits of humour to the learning process and early years’ education, particularly with teachers needing to account for age, developmental level and cultural differences.
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Kelly, F. Donald, and Deborah Osborne. "Ego States and Preference for Humor." Psychological Reports 85, no. 3 (December 1999): 1031–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.85.3.1031.
Анотація:
This study investigated the extent to which college students' preference for humor could be predicted by ego states derived from Transactional Analysis. Scores on The Adjective Check List determined the ego states of Nurturant Parent, Critical Parent, Adult, Free Child, and Adapted Child. Preferences for nonsense, ethnic, and sexual humor were measured by scores on the Antioch Sense of Humor Inventory. A step-wise multiple regression, used to test the predictive power of the ego states, indicated that the Critical Parent ego state had a strong negative evaluation of nonsense humor, while the Free Child and Adapted Child were the strongest predictors of negative evaluation of ethnic humor. Categories of Critical Parent and Adapted Child provided the strongest prediction of positive preference for sexual humor.
7
Barratt-Peacock, Ruth. "Heavy metal made for children? Interrogating the adult/child divide in Heavysaurus’s heavy metal humour." Metal Music Studies 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 293–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/mms_00082_1.
Анотація:
Heavysaurus (a German act founded in 2017, from a concept that originated in Finland in 2009) is marketed as metal music made for children. As with most children’s media, Heavysaurus’s music utilizes a dual address, entertaining both parents and children, particularly through its comedic value. The following article examines the implications of combining metal aesthetics with children’s media, and the resulting music’s relationship to humour. Although humour in metal music has been brought into connection with the Bakhtinian carnival, this article argues that Heavysaurus’s use of the carnivalesque and other elements of heavy metal humour does not represent a Bakhtinian upheaval of power structures (by challenging dominant constructions of childhood for instance) but instead challenges and makes visible the constructed nature of adulthood itself.
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Aerila, Juli-Anna, Marja-Leena Rönkkö, and Tuula Stenius. "Humour-themed holistic learning processes in a Finnish primary school." European Journal of Humour Research 11, no. 4 (December 31, 2023): 75–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/ejhr.2023.11.4.841.
Анотація:
Although humour in education has shown positive research results, its use in Finnish classrooms is not common and is not included in Finland’s curricula. In this study, pupils’ humour is utilised as part of a holistic learning process in Finnish primary education. Implementing holistic learning processes means focusing on child-centredness, dissolving subject boundaries and concentrating on learning-to-learn skills, overall growth and traditional subject-learning goals. As a framework for the learning process, this study follows the guidelines of the Narratives and Crafts model, which aims to connect arts-based activities with different themes. This study aims to investigate the role of humour in the context of an arts-based learning process and to assess opportunities for its more conscious use in learning. The data were taken from the outcomes of 36 pupils during a holistic learning process and were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The results indicated that creative or arts-based activities and humour worked well together as a means for pupils to incorporate their inner thoughts and personal perceptions into their assignments. Furthermore, humour can be a source of a long-term process, and expressions of pupils’ humour can be steered by assignments and preliminary materials, as well as by collaboration with other pupils and the teacher. However, teachers should have more research-based information about humour in the classroom and about the importance of humour in the community and for pupils.
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Koch, Anette Boye. "Fun and laughter promote well-being in early childhood education and care: Pedagogy of fun and big humour." Journal of Pedagogy 14, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 37–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jped-2023-0003.
Анотація:
Abstract In Danish early childhood education and care (ECEC), fun is often emphasised as a key pedagogical tool but is used rather unreflexively. While well-being and happiness have been studied in various ways, the potential of fun is not included in theoretical discussions regarding happiness and well-being, although most people identify having fun as a fundamental reason for being happy. A researcher and three student assistants spent six months in three ECEC settings with a focus on episodes characterised by fun and laughter. Participant observation and interviews were conducted. Empirical data illustrate how fun appears in ECEC as laughter, smiles, attentiveness, intensity and ecstasy. Fun arises momentarily in a sense of lightness and freedom, as a means of communication, in physical play, when rules and expectations are broken, in frivolous references to lower body functions and in experiences of excitement. Pedagogues use fun based on child sensitivity, improvisation, courage to let go of control, informality, energy and a sense of humour. Danish humour philosophy distinguishes between small humour and big humour. Pedagogues with the ability to practice big humour are preferred in order to establish an ECEC culture characterised by fun, laughter and episodes of small humour that promote well-being in children.
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Eisenman, Russell. "Using Humor in Psychotherapy with a Sex Offender." Psychological Reports 71, no. 3 (December 1992): 994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.71.3.1089.
Анотація:
Humor was used during psychotherapy with a 22-year-old child molester. The humor appeared to help establish rapport and led to his admission of desires to rape and torture adult women. Here exchange of humor seemed to be a helpful adjunct to psychotherapy.
Дисертації з теми "Humour – Chili":
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Fielbaum, S. Alejandro. "Un siglo no tan serio : políticas del humor literario en Chile (1799 -1887)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080077.
Анотація:
Depuis les diagnostics qui soulignent l’autoritarisme du processus du construction de la République moderne au Chili, notre recherche parcourt les discours et résistances face à l’humour déployés dans le XIXème siècle. Afin de déployer cette hypothèse, nous développons quatre sections. Dans la première, nous exposons quelques discussions sur l’humour dans la littérature et la philosophie européenne, depuis Aristophane jusqu’à Derrida. Dans la deuxième section, nous commençons à exposer les politiques de l’humour développées au Chili, depuis l’Independence. Dans la troisième section, nous examinons les écrits de certains auteurs argentins qui passent par le Chili et critiquent l’agenda conservatrice. Finalement, nous présentons les politiques de l’humour qui, progressivement, s’opposent aux gouvernements conservateurs et libéraux Nous concluons notre travail avec l’affirmation d’une langue humoristique, dépourvue d’une prétention de savoir et critique, donc, de la langue dominante contemporaine: Starting from specific considerations about the authoritarian construction of the modern Republic in Chile, our thesis researches the discourses and resistances to humor developed throughout the Chilean nineteenth century. To develop this hypothesis, we propose four sections. First, we show certain debates on humor and comedy in the history of European literature and philosophy, from Aristophanes to Derrida. In the second section, we start by presenting different politics of humor in Chile since its Independence. In the third section, we read the works of some Argentine authors who pass through Chile questioning Chilean conservatism. Finally, we present the politics of humor that progressively criticize the conservative and liberal governments. Finally, we conclude thinking in a humorist language foreign to knowledge, critic of the contemporary dominant language
A partir de ciertas consideraciones sobre el carácter autoritario de la construcción de una República moderna en Chile, nuestra tesis indaga en los discursos y resistencias ante el humor que se desarrollan a lo largo del siglo XIX chileno. Intentamos mostrar que ese orden rechaza las formas del humor que puedan poner en crisis el saber con el que se desea construir la República. Los intelectuales más destacados de ese entonces apelan a una lengua certera, que pueda distinguir la verdad de la ilusión, y así reír de quienes la confunden. Se trata de un humor muy seguro de sí, que será progresivamente cuestionado por quienes comienzan a criticar ese orden político y literario.Para desplegar esta hipótesis, desarrollamos cuatro secciones. En la primera, exponemos algunos debates sobre el humor y la comedia en la historia de la literatura y la filosofía en Europa, desde Aristófanes hasta Derrida. Con particular énfasis en los vínculos entre humor literario y materialismo filosófico, tal recorrido nos permite mostrar el filo crítico que puede tener el humor.En la segunda sección, comenzamos a presentar las políticas del humor en Chile, desde la Independencia. En concreto, comentamos los trabajos de Camilo Henríquez, José Joaquín de Mora, Andrés Bello y Salvador Sanfuentes para mostrar cómo los procesos de Independencia y construcción de la República van acompañados de un humor más cercano a la sátira que a la ironía, dispuesto a alejar las tentaciones del romanticismo europeo discutido a mediados de siglo.En la tercera sección, comentamos las obras de algunos de los autores argentinos que pasan por Chile cuestionando la agenda de Bello, a saber, Domingo Faustino Sarmiento y Juan Bautista Alberdi, no sin antes contextualizarlos en los debates sobre el romanticismo en Latinoamérica y en la obra previa de Esteban Echeverría. De esta manera buscamos mostrar cómo el liberalismo de Sarmiento y Alberdi se establece también contra ciertas formas de experimentar en la lengua, a diferencia de los románticos europeos con los que se los suele asociar.Luego presentamos las políticas del humor que, progresivamente, se oponen a los gobiernos conservadores y liberales defendidos por Sarmiento y Alberdi. Recorremos los textos de José Victorino Lastarria, Carmen Arriagada, Guillermo Matta y Rubén Darío, quien durante su paso por Chile recoge algunas de las críticas de Arriagada y Matta hacen a un proceso de modernización que no hace espacio a la experimentación literaria.El humor aparece en Darío como una clave de crítica ante ese discurso utilitario, y así de crítica al liberalismo imperante, posición cuyos ecos pueden leerse en miradas posteriores sobre la cultura chilena. Entre ellas, la de Raúl Ruiz, con quien en las conclusiones exponemos la continuidad de cierta afirmación de una lengua humorística, crítica de cualquier pretensión certera del saber, y así de las formas dominantes de la lengua contemporánea
2
Aguilera, Marcelo, Catalina Bustamante, jorge Cárdenas, Aracelly Rojas, and Diego Zurita. "Expresiones de lo popular en el Chile actual: cine chileno y humor televisivo." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2004. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/145267.
Анотація:
Seminario para optar a la Licenciatura en Comunicación SocialLa discusión acerca de cómo se constituye discursivamente el mundo popular y como éste se caracteriza probablemente nunca termine. Sin embargo, existen algunos elementos utilizados en el presente trabajo que ayudarán a vislumbrar la existencia de un discurso sobre lo popular manifiesto en dos productos del lenguaje audiovisual: el cine y la televisión. Claramente estos medios son masivos, razón por la cual fueron escogidos para nuestro análisis. Ambos cuentan con una audiencia tal que el discurso que imponen es influyente en la conformación de identidades y estereotipos. Además, el lenguaje que conjuga el sonido con las imágenes es capaz de entregar una visión más determinada sobre este sujeto. La intención del siguiente análisis es esclarecer la presencia de un discurso que tenga como eje lo popular, analizar la existencia de ciertas características que permitan hablar de un sujeto tal en cualquiera de estos medios. Teniendo como referente ciertas visiones sobre lo popular, las discusiones al respecto y los procesos de intercambio y reconocimiento que se establecen, configuramos en una primera parte los puntos de convergencia sobre lo popular que nos darán el fundamento teórico para basar los posteriores análisis de casos en la televisión y el cine. El capítulo I denominado “Análisis Conceptual”, revela la incesante búsqueda de algunos teóricos por conformar un concepto claro sobre lo popular. Determina los contextos y nuevos conceptos que cruzan la discusión y relaciona un posible consenso con las nociones sobre la identidad cultural y lo nacional. Además de la vastedad de perspectivas que presentan los estudios de lo popular, nos encontramos con la dificultad de despejar el concepto a raíz de la superposición que se produce espontáneamente con otros más específicos, tales como la identidad o lo nacional, lo cual, gracias a las categorías propuestas por algunas disciplinas, tales como la Antropología o la Historia, vieron reducida su complejidad a ciertos aspectos como creencias, objetos, rituales sin considerar los procesos sociales de los cuales provenían, impidiendo observar lo popular en toda su diversidad. A raíz de la complejidad del tema, el prisma propuesto en la presente tesis no considera dilucidar disyuntivas teóricas ni determinar categorías, sino que analizar dos productos comunicacionales: el humor en la televisión y la producción cinematográfica nacional de los últimos años, ambos con gran aceptación por parte de la población, otorgándoles, por un lado, altos ratings, provenientes de todos los estratos sociales, dando cuenta de su transversalidad; y por otro, una elevada asistencia a las salas de cine, vale decir, ambos productos comunicacionales son altamente exitosos. El segundo capítulo denominado “El Humor como Posicionamiento de lo Popular en la Televisión Chilena” plantea como objetivo dilucidar la existencia de un discurso de lo popular propuesto por los humoristas y sus rutinas en la “pantalla chica”. Asimismo, intentará establecer qué tan real sería esta relación y de que manera se constituye. Para alcanzar lo señalado, definiremos el concepto “humor” y mediante una pequeña justificación de su importancia en televisión de tal manera de abocarnos, posteriormente, al análisis de casos específicos que suceden en la televisión actual. Otra de las piezas fundamentales de la tesis es buscar el posible establecimiento de un discurso popular en el cine. “Lo Popular en el Cine Chileno” se erige como la tercera parte de este trabajo, orientada precisamente a desentrañar la existencia de ciertas regularidades en la filmografía nacional desde 1997 en adelante. Para ello señalaremos la importancia que tiene este concepto de lo popular en la constitución de una identidad nacional. Seguiremos con un recorrido somero de los elementos populares en la historia de la cinemateca nacional y luego estudiaremos el estado actual de lo popular en el cine según los márgenes establecidos con anterioridad. Una visión particular de ciertas películas que señalarían algunos rasgos de lo popular. En cuanto a la metodología utilizada podemos decir que no se trataba con ella dar cuenta de la inmanencia de los discursos, sino que más bien el objetivo era visualizar como estos establecen una relación con sentidos comunes e imaginarios colectivos, usando para ello más bien la noción de discurso social que propone Verón. Una parte importante del trabajo fue la construcción de ciertos instrumentos metodológicos ad hoc a los objetos con el fin, justamente de trascender visiones inmanentistas, ya que se trataba de develar ciertas líneas discursivas presentes, tanto en los aspectos verbalizados como en otro tipo de calificaciones. En definitiva, los aspectos teóricos y prácticos del presente seminario apuntan a descubrir la existencia de un discurso como tal que se manifieste en los medios de comunicación ya propuestos.
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Cabezas, Peña Julián. "Efectos del manejo en los reservorios de carbono y la vegetación de una turbera antropogénica en la Isla Grande de Chiloé, Chile." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/147757.
Анотація:
Memoria para optar al título profesional de: Ingeniero en Recursos Naturales RenovablesLas turberas son un tipo de humedal caracterizado por acumular materia orgánica, denominada turba, lo que los convierte en importantes reservorios de carbono. En Chile, la tala de árboles en zonas de drenaje pobre ha generado ecosistemas inundados, con presencia de musgo del género Sphagnum, denominados turberas antropogénicas. En ellos se realizan actividades de manejo productivo tales como extracción de musgo y pastoreo de ganado. Para evaluar los impactos de estas actividades en los stocks de carbono y en la vegetación del ecosistema se establecieron 44 puntos de muestreo en una turbera antropogénica en la isla de Chiloé, Chile; en ellos se cuantificaron los distintos stocks de carbono y variables de estructura y composición de la vegetación. A través del uso de estas variables se clasificó el ecosistema en micrositios para representar y analizar las distintas situaciones de la turbera. Además se desarrollaron modelos predictivos del carbono utilizando datos de campo y percepción remota. Los resultados evidencian un stock de carbono menor al de las turberas naturales, y que existe una amplia variabilidad de condiciones dentro de la turbera. Esta variabilidad, principalmente expresada en el carbono aéreo, genera micrositios dominados por plantas arbustivas, del género Juncus o por pastos nativos y exóticos. Se demostró además que el manejo productivo causa una disminución en el carbono acumulado en el reservorio aéreo y en el detrito. Sin embargo, los mayores impactos del manejo productivo se manifestaron en las variables de vegetación, con una disminución de la cobertura total, de la cobertura de plantas arbustivas y herbáceas, y de la altura de la vegetación, además de causar un incremento en la riqueza y en la presencia de especies exóticas. La predicción espacial del carbono aéreo dio resultados significativos utilizando solo índices espectrales (R2 = 0,51), lo que permitió visualizar que el impacto del manejo productivo no es homogéneo, siendo menos intenso en zonas anegadas. Este estudio es el primero que cuantifica los reservorios de carbono en este tipo de ecosistema y propone variables que pueden ser utilizados como indicadores de impactos de las actividades humanas.
Peatlands are a type of wetland characterized by the accumulation of organic matter, called peat, and are important carbon reservoirs. In Chile, logging in areas with poor drainage has produced flooded ecosystems, called anthropogenic peatlands, which contain moss of the genus Sphagnum. Productive management activities are conducted in these peatlands, including moss harvesting and livestock grazing. To evaluate the impact of these activities on carbon stocks in the ecosystem and on the vegetation, 44 sampling points were established in an anthropogenic peatland on the island of Chiloé, Chile. Here, different carbon stocks and vegetation structure and composition variables were quantified. These variables were used to classify the ecosystem into microsites to represent and analyze the different conditions in the peatland. In addition, predictive models of aboveground carbon were created using field and remote sensing data. The results revealed a carbon stock smaller than in natural peatlands, and a wide variability of conditions within the peatland itself. This variability, mainly expressed in aboveground carbon, produces microsites dominated by shrubs, rushes of the genus Juncus or native and exotic grasses. It was also revealed that productive management causes a decrease in accumulated carbon in the aboveground reservoir and in the debris. However, the greatest impact was found on the vegetation variables, with a decrease in total cover, cover of shrubs and herbaceous plants, and in the height of the vegetation, but an increase in the richness and presence of exotic species. The spatial prediction of aboveground carbon yielded significant results using only spectral indices (R2 = 0,51), where it could be seen that the impact of management is not homogenous, and is less intense in flooded areas. This study is the first to quantify carbon reservoirs in this type of ecosystem and to propose variables that can be used as indicators of the impact of human activities.
4
Soto, Gerardo. "Statut organique des sols en milieu aride : étude de la région de Coquimbo (Chili)." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00444588.
Анотація:
Du fait de son climat aride (70 mm de précipitations/an), la région de Coquimbo au Chili (30ª de lat. sud), concentre des contrastes extrêmes d'ordre environnemental comme sur le plan social avec la coexistence de trois types de milieux très contrastés : a) un secteur agricole irrigué, moderne et ouvert aux marchés internationaux ; b) un secteur irrigué d'usage traditionnel ; c) un secteur non irrigué qui comprend des surfaces marginales et érodées. Cette région aride et donc particulièrement sensible à toute forme d'activité, n'a encore fait l'objet d'aucune étude susceptible d'aider à y appréhender l'impact d'une utilisation des sols comme d'un éventuel changement climatique. Dans ce contexte nous avons réalisé un inventaire des sols de la région de Coquimbo dans des secteurs d'usages et d'état de conservation différents. Nous avons notamment entrepris une étude quantitative et qualitative de la Matière Organique (MO) et de sa répartition dans les profils. A cette fin, 82 profils (1m de profondeur) ont été échantillonnés selon un transect altitudinal océan-Cordillère. Les prélèvements ont été effectués tous les 10 cm et ont fait l'objet des analyses suivantes : granulométrie, mesure de la densité apparente et de la Capacité d'Echange Cationique (CEC), détermination des teneurs en Carbone Organique Total (COT) ainsi que des indices d'hydrogène (IH) et d'oxygène (IO) de la MO (pyrolyse Rock- Eval). Les résultats indiquent une décroissance très rapide des teneurs et de la qualité de la MO avec la profondeur. Cependant, de très fortes différences s'observent entre sols non cultivés et cultivés, les seconds s'avérant beaucoup plus riches en MO que les premiers. En revanche, cette différence ne parait pas s'accompagner de changements notables de qualité de la MO ce qui souligne une transformation rapide, d'une part importante de la MO, héritée des végétaux cultivés.
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Neculman, Cerda Rodrigo Alexis. "Carbon stabilibation and destabilisation processes operating in top- and subsoil of andisols under temperate rainforest, Southern Chile." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066373.
Анотація:
La séquestration du carbone dans les sols est une stratégie pour capturer le CO2 atmosphérique en le transférant dans des fractions stables. Il y a de nombreux mécanismes de stabilisation et de déstabilisation qui influencent le cycle du carbone des sols. Les processus de stabilisation et déstabilisation du carbone dans le profil des sols volcaniques sont peu connus. Peu d’études ont été conduites sur ces processus au sujet des Andisols malgré leur fort potentiel à stocker du carbone. Le carbone stable dans les Andisols est dû à son association avec des oxydes d’aluminium et de fer ou son association avec des argiles amorphes comme l’allophane et de l’imogolite. Dans cette thèse, j’ai étudié les facteurs et mécanismes qui contrôlent la stabilisation du carbone dans des horizons de surface et en profondeur des sols volcaniques sous forêt pluviale tempérée au sud du Chili. J’ai étudié la quantité, la composition et le turnover des matières organiques dans tous les horizons de deux profils de sols, caractérisés par des textures et âges différents. J’ai utilisé la datation au C14, la spectroscopie RMN de C13 à l’état solide et les dégradations chimiques afin de caractériser la composition des phases organiques et minérales. De plus, j’ai évalué la susceptibilité du carbone dans ces deux profils à la minéralisation suivant l’ajout d’un substrat labile (priming). Les résultats montrent que des agents minéraux contrastés stabilisent la matière organique dans les deux sols d’âge différent. Malgré ces différents agents de stabilisation dans les deux sols, la composition chimique des matières organiques est similaire. La matière organique dans les horizons de surface est sujette à un effet priming négatif alors qu’un effet priming positif a été observé pour les horizons en profondeur. Ces différences semblent liées à l’âge et à la composition minérale des sols. Je suggère que le pH ainsi que la compétition entre la formation des complexes Al-SOM et allophanes contrôlent les processus de stabilisation et déstabilisation des matières organiques dans les AndisolsSoil carbon (C) sequestration is a strategy to capture atmospheric CO2 and transfer it into stable soil organic carbon (SOC) forms. There are a number of mechanisms of C stabilisation and destabilisation influencing soil C cycling. Few studies have been carried out to investigate those processes in Andisols despite the fact that the carbon storage potential of Andisols is higher than in any other soil type. Stable carbon occurs in this soil type due to its association with aluminum- and iron-oxides together with amorphous clay minerals like allophane and imogolite type materials. In this thesis I investigated the factors and mechanisms that control the C stabilization in the top- and subsoil horizons of volcanic temperate old growth rainforest soils in Southern Chile. I investigated organic matter quantity, composition and turnover in all three horizons of two soil profiles with contrasting age and texture. I used radiocarbon dating, 13C NMR spectroscopy and wet chemical extraction to characterize the composition of organic and mineral phases. Moreover, I evaluated the susceptibility of C in these profiles to priming after addition of 13C labelled substrate. The results showed contrasting mineral stabilization agents in the two soils of different age: iron and aluminum complexes stabilized carbon in the youngest soils whereas allophane was the most important stabilization in the older soil. Despite the contrasting stabilization agents, the composition of the organic matter stored throughout the two soil profiles was similar. Organic matter in top soil horizons was subject to negative priming whereas positive priming was noted in most sub-soils. This seems to be related to the composition of the mineral phase. I suggest that soil pH and competition between Al-SOM-complex and allophane formation is controlling stabilisation and destabilization of organic matter and Andisols
6
Zappitelli, Marcelo Cardoso [UNIFESP]. "Transtornos de humor na infância e adolescência: sintomas precoces em filhos de bipolares e traços de temperamento e caráter como endofenótipos na depressão maior." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/10131.
Анотація:
Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2010-09-29Objetivo: Realização de dois estudos com crianças e adolescentes, visando identificar transtornos psiquiátricos em filhos de pais com transtorno bipolar tipo I, e avaliar traços de temperamento e caráter em pacientes com transtorno depressivo maior. Métodos: Estudo 1: O estudo envolveu uma série de casos composta por 35 crianças e adolescentes (20 meninos/15 meninas) de seis a 17 anos (média de idade: 12,5±2,9 anos). Todos os participantes foram avaliados através da entrevista diagnóstica The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children – Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). A história psiquiátrica familiar e os dados sociodemográficos também foram investigados. Estudo 2: Estudo caso-controle envolvendo 41 crianças e adolescentes (8–17 anos) com depressão maior pareadas por idade e sexo com 40 controles saudáveis. Todos os participantes foram avaliados pela entrevista diagnóstica K-SADS-PL. Os traços de temperamento e caráter foram avaliados através das versões para pais e para crianças do instrumento The Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI), e a gravidade da depressão através da escala Children’s Depression Rating Scale (CDRS). Resultados: Estudo 1: Pelo menos um diagnóstico psiquiátrico foi identificado em 71,4% da amostra. Altas taxas de transtornos específicos foram observadas: transtornos de humor (28,6%), transtornos disruptivos (incluindo transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade/TDAH) (40,0%) e transtornos de ansiedade (20,0%). A taxa de transtornos de humor comórbidos com TDAH (17,2%) foi maior do que a presença transtornos de humor isolados (11,4%). Psicopatologia foi frequentemente encontrada em parentes de segundo grau dos participantes (71,4%). Estudo 2: Os pacientes com depressão maior tiveram escores significativamente mais altos nas dimensões esquiva ao dano e busca por novidades, e escores mais baixos em dependência de gratificação, persistência, auto-direcionamento e cooperatividade em comparação aos controles saudáveis. A comorbidade com transtornos disruptivos influenciou praticamente todas as dimensões de temperamento e caráter, em geral aumentando as diferenças entre as médias de escores de casos e controles. Além disso, estar deprimido no momento da avaliação não influenciou os resultados, com exceção da dimensão dependência de gratificação de acordo com as informações fornecidas pelos pais. Conclusões: Filhos de bipolares constituem grupo de risco para desenvolver transtornos psiquiátricos, especialmente transtornos de humor e disruptivos. Crianças e adolescentes com transtorno depressivo maior têm um perfil de temperamento e caráter que difere de controles saudáveis, apontando para características estadoindependentes das dimensões esquiva ao dano e auto-direcionamento.
Purpose: To conduct two studies with children and adolescents, aiming to identify psychiatric disorders in the offspring of bipolar parents type I, and to evaluate temperament and character traits in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: Study 1: The study involved a case series comprising 35 children and adolescents (20 males/15 females) aged 6 to 17 years (mean age: 12.5±2.9 years). All participants were assessed using the diagnostic interview The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children – Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS- PL). Psychiatric family history and demographics were also evaluated. Study 2: A case-control study comprising 41 MDD children and adolescents (8-17 years) matched by gender and age to 40 healthy controls (HC). All participants were diagnostically assessed with the K-SADS-PL. Temperament and character traits were measured by the parent and child versions of The Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI), and depression severity by The Children’s Depression Rating Scale - Revised (CDRS-R). Results: Study 1: At least one psychiatric disorder was identified in 71.4% of the sample. High rates of specific disorders were noted: mood disorders (28.6%), disruptive behaviour disorders (including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder/ADHD) (40.0%) and anxiety disorders (20.0%). The rate of mood disorders comorbid with disruptive behaviour disorders (17.2%) was higher than the rate of pure mood disorders (11.4%). Presence of psychopathology was commonly reported in second-degree relatives of the offspring (71.4%). Study 2: MDD subjects had significantly higher scores on harm avoidance and novelty seeking dimensions, and lower scores on reward dependence, persistence, self-directedness and cooperativeness compared with HC. Comorbidity with disruptive behaviour disorders exerted influence on almost all dimensions of temperament and character, in general increasing the mean score differences between MDD and HC subjects. Moreover, being currently depressed did not influence the results, except for reward dependence according to parent data. Conclusions: Bipolar offspring are at high risk for developing psychiatric disorders, especially mood and disruptive behaviour disorders. MDD children and adolescents have a different temperament and character profile compared to HC subjects, pointing towards trait-like characteristics of the dimensions harm avoidance and self-directedness.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
7
Madsen, Kristiane. "Humor as a Moderating Variable of the Relationship Between Family Conflict and Self-Regulation in Children: A Two-Year Panel Study." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2295.
Анотація:
Conflict is a common problem among families, and children may be negatively affected by this family dynamic. Some family characteristics may protect children from negative effects, even in the midst of conflict. Though little research has been conducted addressing familial effects of humor, the current longitudinal study examined the moderating effect of humor on the relationship between family conflict and child self regulation. Two hundred ninety six two-parent families from the Seattle area were surveyed and observed as a party of Brigham Young University's Flourishing Family Project. Family conflict and coded humor from an observation task were assessed at time 1 and self regulation in the child was assessed at both time 1 and one year later. Results indicated that (1) family conflict negatively influences child self regulation, (2) that humor between fathers and children is associated with child self regulation, and (3) that humor between fathers and children may buffer the effects of family conflict on a child's self regulation. Humor between mothers and children and between mothers and fathers did not moderate the relationship between family conflict and child self regulation. These results suggest that some forms of family humor may provide families with healthy child outcomes. Limitations and implications for family therapy are discussed.
8
Plaza, Riveros Iván Andrés. "Plan de negocio de una planta de acopio de residuos inorgánicos y producción de humus en la comuna de Talagante." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/137331.
Анотація:
Autor no autoriza el acceso a texto completo de su documento hasta el 2/11/2020.Magíster en Gestión y Dirección de Empresas
El objetivo de esta memoria es diseñar un plan de negocios para una planta de acopio de residuos inorgánicos y producción de Humus en la comuna de Talagante, con el propósito de reutilizar los residuos sólidos domiciliarios que son destinados a rellenos sanitarios, y que actualmente bordean los MM17 de toneladas solo en la Región Metropolitana. La metodología utilizada consta de un estudio de fuentes primarias y secundarias de la industria, y de una serie de entrevistas realizadas a la comunidad y a los principales consumidores de los productos derivados de los desechos, con la finalidad de poder establecer las estrategias para llevar a cabo el proyecto. La investigación de mercado deja en evidencia que pese a que el mercado de los residuos ha ido en aumento exponencialmente, la oferta de los competidores carece de calidad, volúmenes atractivos y no posee una estrategia que dé a conocer los beneficios y ahorros que trae consigo la valorización de RSD. Considerando en esto, se definió como mercado meta de los productos inorgánicos a la totalidad de las empresas de la RM (20 aprox.) que requieren materiales reciclados para producir nuevos productos, y a los agricultores de frutales mayores y menores de la RM, cuyas plantaciones equivalen 29.438 has. para los productos orgánicos. Como conclusión de este plan de negocios, se observa que pese a que la inversión corresponde a $527.545.030, y posee un periodo de evaluación de 10 años, con una tasa exigida de descuento del 11%, se puede obtener un VAN positivo tanto con recursos propios como financiados con $236.469.390 y $357.472.481 respectivamente, y una TIR de 18%. Ahora bien, si se realiza un análisis de sensibilidad con el precio del Humus, se observa que el VAN es sensible a sus modificaciones, y ante a una baja considerable, no sería conveniente realizar este proyecto. Finalmente para poder lograr una exitosa implementación de este negocio se recomienda educar continuamente a la población y contar con alianzas estratégicas con la Municipalidad, que le permitan a la organización lograr mayores beneficios hacia la comunidad participante de esta iniciativa.
9
Henderson, Mercader Elisabet-Mae 1994. "Secondhand smoke exposure in outdoor settings in Europe." Doctoral thesis, TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672882.
Анотація:
Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure causes death, disease, and disability among children and non-smoking adults. Total smoking bans have proven effective in preventing and reducing indoor SHS exposures. However, little is known about the extent and magnitude of SHS in outdoor settings, which, in turn, are barely covered by the smoke-free regulations in Europe. Thus, this thesis aimed to explore the levels and prevalence of SHS in selected outdoor settings in diverse European countries and according to different contextual factors. To this end, four cross-sectional studies were conducted with data from 2017-2018 and within the framework of the TackSHS project. Airborne nicotine measurements, along with the observation of tobacco-related signs, were performed in children’s playgrounds (Study I), entrances to primary school buildings (Study II), and terraces of hospitality venues (Study III) from 11 European countries. The prevalence of SHS presence outdoors (Study IV) was assessed through a survey in a representative sample of the population aged 15 years or older in 12 European countries.
In both child-related areas, median nicotine concentrations were below the limit of quantification (0.06 μg/m3). Still, nicotine was present in 41% of the playgrounds and 46% of the schools; and people were smoking in 20% of playgrounds and over 40% of schools. Social inequalities in SHS exposure were observed in playgrounds and schools. Practically all terraces of hospitality venues had presence of nicotine and median nicotine concentrations at these areas were 0.85 (Interquartile Range: 0.30–3.74) μg/m3. In terraces with more than two people smoking, airborne nicotine concentrations were high and did not significantly vary with the venue’s degree of enclosure. More than half the respondents in the survey had witnessed people smoking at parks, stadia, outdoor areas of schools, outdoor areas in hospitals, public transport stops, terraces of hospitality venues, and beaches. Non-compliance with smoking bans was also observed in several outdoor areas. All studies showed an association between higher national smoking prevalence and SHS exposure outdoors.
Smoke-free legislation should be implemented or better enforced in child-related areas in Europe. Moreover, in terraces of hospitality venues, total smoking bans should replace smoking restrictions based on the presence of sidewalls and overhead covers. Smoking bans should also be extended to other outdoor areas, such as public transport stops or beaches. Finally, other tobacco demand reduction measures should be considered to better address outdoor SHS exposures.La exposición al humo ambiental de tabaco (HAT) causa muerte, enfermedad y discapacidad entre la población infantil y adulta no fumadora. La prohibición total de fumar en espacios cerrados ha demostrado ser efectiva en la prevención y la reducción de la exposición al HAT. Sin embargo, poco se sabe del alcance y la magnitud del HAT en entornos al aire libre que, a su vez, apenas se incluyen en las leyes para espacios libres de humo en Europa. Por eso, esta tesis tiene como objetivo explorar los niveles y la prevalencia de HAT en entornos al aire libre de diversos países europeos y según diferentes factores contextuales. Para ello, realizamos cuatro estudios transversales con datos del 2017-2018 y dentro del marco del proyecto TackSHS. Se midió la nicotina ambiental junto con otros signos relacionados con el consumo de tabaco en parques infantiles (Estudio I), entradas de escuelas de educación primaria (Estudio II) y terrazas de bares, cafeterías y restaurantes (Estudio III) en 11 países europeos. La presencia de HAT en entornos al aire libre (Estudio IV) se evaluó mediante una encuesta sobre una muestra representativa de la población de 15 años o más de 12 países europeos. En ambos espacios infantiles, la concentración mediana de nicotina fue inferior al límite de cuantificación (0,06 μg/m3). Sin embargo, había presencia de nicotina en el 41% de los parques infantiles y el 46% de las escuelas, y personas fumando en el 20% de los parques infantiles y en más del 40% de las escuelas. Se observaron desigualdades sociales en la exposición al HAT en parques infantiles y escuelas. Prácticamente todas las terrazas de bares, cafeterías y restaurantes tenían presencia de nicotina, siendo la concentración mediana para estas áreas de 0,85 (Rango intercuartílico: 0,30–3,74) μg/m3. En terrazas con más de dos personas fumando, las concentraciones de nicotina fueron elevadas y no variaron significativamente según el grado de cerramiento del espacio. Más de la mitad de las personas encuestadas reportaron presencia de personas fumando en parques, estadios, áreas al aire libre de escuelas, de hospitales, paradas de transporte público, terrazas de bares y restaurantes y playas. También se observó incumplimiento con la prohibición de fumar en varios espacios al aire libre. Todos los estudios mostraron una asociación entre una mayor prevalencia nacional de tabaquismo y exposición al HAT. La legislación para espacios libres de humo debería implementarse o mejorarse su cumplimiento en los entornos infantiles en Europa. Además, en las terrazas de bares y restaurantes, la prohibición total de fumar debería reemplazar las restricciones actuales basadas en la presencia de paredes y cubiertas. Dicha prohibición también debería extenderse a otras áreas al aire libre, como paradas de transporte público o playas. Por último, se deberían considerar otras medidas con el fin de reducir la demanda de tabaco para abordar mejor la exposición al HAT en entornos al aire libre.
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Michaud, Geneviève. "Le monologue humoristique : du soliloque à la discussion." Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17170.
Книги з теми "Humour – Chili":
1
Carnahan, Jean. I'm a humdinger: And how you can be one, too, with the help of a child. United States]: [publisher not identified], 2014.
2
Montealegre, Jorge. Historia del humor gráfico en Chile. Lleida: Editorial Milenio, 2008.
3
Giles, Fabián. México al Chile: Humor y política sin censura. México, D.F: Aguilar, 2012.
4
Nina, Bawden. Humbug. London: Victor Gollancz Ltd., 1992.
5
Nina, Bawden. Humbug. New York: Clarion Books, 1992.
6
Nina, Bawden. Humbug. New York: Clarion Books, 1992.
7
Nina, Bawden. Humbug. New York, N.Y., U.S.A: Puffin Books, 1994.
8
Buskin, John. Dr. Boo Boo's baby & child repair. New York, N.Y: Avon, 1985.
9
Grizzard, Lewis. Chili dawgs always bark at night. New York: Villard Books, 1989.
10
Adams, Robert J. I should've had my grandkids first. Edmonton: Megamy, 2006.
Частини книг з теми "Humour – Chili":
1
Reddy, Vasudevi. "Humour as Culture in Infancy." In Educating the Young Child, 187–201. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15202-4_11.
2
Loizou, Eleni, and Susan L. Recchia. "Young Children’s Humor." In Educating the Young Child, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15202-4_1.
3
James, Lucy Amelia, and Claire Louise Fox. "Humor Styles in Younger Children." In Educating the Young Child, 43–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15202-4_4.
4
Mata-McMahon, Jennifer. "Exploring Connections Between Humor and Children’s Spirituality." In Educating the Young Child, 223–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15202-4_13.
5
Chaniotakis, Nikolaos, and Magdalini Papazoglou. "The Place of Humor in the Classroom." In Educating the Young Child, 127–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15202-4_8.
6
Arter, Lisa Maxwell. "Linguistic Gymnastics: Humor and Wordplay in Children’s and Adolescent Literature." In Educating the Young Child, 169–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15202-4_10.
7
Bergen, Doris. "Young Children’s Play and Humor Development: A Close Theoretical Partnership." In Educating the Young Child, 11–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15202-4_2.
8
Liu, Wen. "The Development of 3 to 5-Year-Old-Children’s Sense of Humor and the Relationships Among Children’s Temperament and Parents’ Humor Style in China." In Educating the Young Child, 61–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15202-4_5.
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Recchia, Susan L., and Eleni Loizou. "Research Connections and Implications for Practice to Further Support Young Children’s Humor." In Educating the Young Child, 243–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15202-4_14.
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McGhee, Paul. "Humor in the ECE Classroom: A Neglected Form of Play Whose Time Has Come." In Educating the Young Child, 83–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15202-4_6.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Humour – Chili":
1
James, Camilla, Megan Lynn, Ben Richardson, and Monica Negoita. "1315 Ensuring a future: improving paediatric recruitment in Yorkshire and Humber." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference, Liverpool, 28–30 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2022-rcpch.573.
2
AbdelBari, Heba, Karin Schwarz, Rana Alia, Jenna Saunders, and Diamantina-Xanthi Spilioti. "825 The trainee charter audit, a quality improvement project in the yorkshire and humber school of paediatrics." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference, Liverpool, 28–30 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2022-rcpch.741.
3
Redman, M., and F. Payne. "G411(P) Does paeds rock? experiences of paediatric trainees in yorkshire and the humber." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference and exhibition, 13–15 May 2019, ICC, Birmingham, Paediatrics: pathways to a brighter future. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-rcpch.396.