Готові списки джерел за темами / Human remains

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Human remains"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 20 лютого 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Human remains"

Nathan Snaza and Mina Karavanta. "Human Remains." symplokē 23, no. 1-2 (2015): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5250/symploke.23.1-2.0009.

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Hillson, Simon. "Human remains." Endeavour 19, no. 1 (January 1995): 47–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-9327(95)90017-9.

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Keller, Richard T., and William V. Bobo. "Handling Human Remains." Psychiatric Annals 34, no. 8 (August 1, 2004): 634–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0048-5713-20040801-17.

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Kirk, David S., and Abigail Sellen. "On human remains." ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 17, no. 3 (July 2010): 1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1806923.1806924.

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Gareth Jones, D., and Robyn J. Harris. "Archeological Human Remains." Current Anthropology 39, no. 2 (April 1998): 253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/204723.

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Colwell-Chanthaphonh, Chip. "Remains Unknown: Repatriating Culturally Unaffiliated Human Remains." Anthropology News 51, no. 3 (March 2010): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-3502.2010.51304.x.

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Davidson, Glen W. "Human remains: Contemporary issues." Death Studies 14, no. 6 (November 1990): 491–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07481189008252391.

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Swift, Benjamin. "Dating human skeletal remains:." Forensic Science International 98, no. 1-2 (November 1998): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0379-0738(98)00141-8.

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von Wurmb-Schwark, Nicole, Arne Ringleb, Michael Gebühr, and Eva Simeoni. "Genetic analysis of modern and historical burned human remains." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 63, no. 1 (March 11, 2005): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/63/2005/1.

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Gill, Fiona. "Human remains, materiality and memorialisation." Human Remains and Violence 6, no. 2 (October 2020): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/hrv.6.2.5.

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Анотація:

The display of human remains is a controversial issue in many contemporary societies, with many museums globally removing them from display. However, their place in genocide memorials is also contested. Objections towards the display of remains are based strongly in the social sciences and humanities, predicated on assumptions made regarding the relationship between respect, identification and personhood. As remains are displayed scientifically and anonymously, it is often argued that the personhood of the remains is denied, thereby rendering the person ‘within’ the remains invisible. In this article I argue that the link between identification and personhood is, in some contexts, tenuous at best. Further, in the context of Cambodia, I suggest that such analyses ignore the ways that local communities and Cambodians choose to interact with human remains in their memorials. In such contexts, the display of the remains is central to restoring their personhood and dignity.

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Дисертації з теми "Human remains"

Gulhan, Oznur. "Skeletal sexing standards of human remains in Turkey." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2017. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/12272.

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The identification of victims involved in mass fatality incidents, as well as the identification of unknown individuals in criminal cases has become an increasingly important issue nowadays. Sex assessment represents a key point in forensic evaluations due to its significance in providing biological identity. Even though the availability of documented skeletal remains to forensic practitioners is a common practice in many countries, in Turkey, contemporary documented skeletal remains are not available for this purpose. For this reason, studies have been focused on living populations. Previous research has shown that modern technologies such as CT scanning present very promising potential in establishing new standards for contemporary populations. Therefore, the main aim of this project was to examine the application of the measurements taken from 3D CT images of the femur in order to assess sex, and to contribute to the establishment of discriminant function equations for the Turkish population for forensic applications. The accuracy and reproducibility of imaging methods in the assessment of the measurements taken from femora are essential when estimating sex. This research also concentrated on determining the accuracy and repeatability of CT measurements, using the femur. Prior to primary data collection, a preliminary study was performed in an effort to test the reliability of the femur measurements. The results of reliability analysis indicated no significant difference between the three observations of each measurement. Thus, the methodology employed in the current study appears reliable and reproducible. In addition, a validation study was conducted to determine the linear measurement accuracy of the 3D volume rendering models derived from a medical CT scanner and the influence of different reconstruction parameters. The differences between measurements obtained from dry bones and their 3D volume rendered models were also evaluated. The results from this study indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between measurements taken from different reconstruction parameters and measurements obtained from CT images and drybones. Using the CT data, volume-rendering function (VR), 3D Curved Multiplanar reconstruction (MPR), and Scout View on OsiriX were employed in order to compare the accuracy and reliability of each rendering method and to determine which technique is optimal for linear measurements. Overall, the measurements taken from the 3D Volume Rendering images had the highest intra-observer reliability when compared to the other two rendering methods. This research study produced data and interpretations that will inform on and improve population specific standards of sex assessment from three-dimensional postcranial osteometric landmarks. Additionally, this research is believed to provide value for a developing discipline of forensic anthropology, and integrate within the existing systems of criminal investigation and disaster victim identification practices in Turkey. A Turkish sample population, consisting of 300 adult hospital patients was examined via the interpretation of CT reconstructed images using the OsiriX software. The 3D reconstructions were then created using the volume-rendering function in OsiriX (v.5.6.). Following the 3D reconstruction, an image of each femur was segmented from the surrounding bones to ensure the correct usage of landmarks as accurately as possible. Thirteen measurements were acquired using a 3D viewer after being located and marked on each CT reconstructed femora. These thirteen anthropometric parameters were measured and analysed by basic descriptive statistics and discriminant analysis methods using the SPSS 21.0 software package. The intra-observer variation was assessed by obtaining the intraclass correlation coefficient in order to evaluate the accuracy of the linear measurements taken. Asymmetry was also tested. The results indicated that an accuracy of 92.3% was acquired from a combination of six of the measurements, and the Femur Vertical Diameter of Neck (FVDN) measurement was found to be the most dimorphic with 88.0% accuracy.

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Smith, Patricia R. "The detection of haemoglobin in ancient human skeleton remains." Thesis, University of Essex, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235815.

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Baxter, Mary Isobel. "Human remains from the British Neolithic : a taphonomic perspective." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272066.

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Johnston, Cheryl Anne. "Culturally Modified Human Remains from the Hopewell Mound Group." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1039181572.

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Armit, Ian, and Fiona C. Tucker. "Human remains from Iron Age Atlantic Scotland Dating Project." Archaeology Scotland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4542.

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Anson, Timothy James. "The bioarchaeology of the St. Mary's free ground burials : reconstruction of colonial South Australian lifeways /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha622.pdf.

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Weinrich, Kendra S. "Oral Pathological Conditions in Early Postcontact Guale, St. Catherines Island, Georgia." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587568057924649.

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Smith, Tandi Michelle Moore-Jansen Peer H. "A biocultural study of human skeletal remains from southwestern Colorado." Diss., A link to full text of this thesis in SOAR, 2007. http://soar.wichita.edu/dspace/handle/10057/1174.

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Анотація:

Thesis (M.A.)--Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Anthropology.
"May 2007." Title from PDF title page (viewed on Dec. 29, 2007). Thesis adviser: Peer H. Moore-Jansen. Includes bibliographic references (leaves 190-194).

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Thompson, Hayley L. "Skeletal variability in the human mandible with regard to sex." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1313911661&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Joseph, Kit. "The accurate dating and geographical sourcing of forensic-aged human remains." Thesis, University of Reading, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501367.

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This project uses radionuclides from the uranium-238 decay chain series in conjunction with lead, strontium carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios to achieve accurate dating and geographical sourcing of human skeletal remains. A pilot study was conducted in order to test the hypothesis that 210pb stored within the skeleton during life decays at a known rate once death occurs. Samples of femur were used from 12 Portuguese individuals whose year of death was known.

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Книги з теми "Human remains"

Human remains. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994.

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Chamberlain, Andrew. Human remains. London: British Museum Press, 1994.

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Welch, Denis. Human remains. Auckland, N.Z: David Ling Pub., 1999.

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Haynes, Elizabeth. Human remains. Brighton: Myriad, 2013.

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O'Donnabhain, Barra, and Maria Cecilia Lozada, eds. Archaeological Human Remains. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89984-8.

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O’Donnabhain, Barra, and María Cecilia Lozada, eds. Archaeological Human Remains. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06370-6.

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MacDonald, Helen. Human remains: Episodes in human dissection. Carlton, Vic: Melbourne University Press, 2005.

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Conference, Unesco General. Human remains & museum practice. Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 2006.

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The detection of human remains. 2nd ed. Springfield, Ill: Charles C Thomas, 2004.

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The law of human remains. Tucson, Arizona: Lawyers & Judges Publishing Company, Inc., 2016.

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Частини книг з теми "Human remains"

Furnham, Adrian. "Human remains." In Management Mumbo-Jumbo, 68–70. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230626591_26.

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O’Donnabhain, Barra, and María Cecilia Lozada. "Contested Bones: Archaeological Human Remains and Legacies of Power." In Archaeological Human Remains, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89984-8_1.

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Gokee, Cameron, and Ibrahima Thiaw. "Human Remains and Archaeologies of Identity in Senegal." In Archaeological Human Remains, 141–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89984-8_10.

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Retamal, Rodrigo, Aryel Pacheco, and Mauricio Uribe. "Bioarchaeology in Chile: What It Is, Where We Are, and Where We Want to Go." In Archaeological Human Remains, 7–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89984-8_2.

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Berger, Elizabeth, and Kate Pechenkina. "Bioarchaeology of China: Bridging Biological and Archaeological Inquiries." In Archaeological Human Remains, 25–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89984-8_3.

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Ikram, Salima. "An Overview of the History of the Excavation and Treatment of Ancient Human Remains in Egypt." In Archaeological Human Remains, 45–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89984-8_4.

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Knüsel, Christopher, and Bruno Maureille. "Archaeological Approaches to Human Remains: France." In Archaeological Human Remains, 57–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89984-8_5.

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Grupe, Gisela, and Joachim Wahl. "Changing Perceptions of Archaeological Human Remains in Germany." In Archaeological Human Remains, 81–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89984-8_6.

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Buckley, Hallie R., and Peter Petchey. "Human Skeletal Remains and Bioarchaeology in New Zealand." In Archaeological Human Remains, 93–110. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89984-8_7.

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Santos, Ana Luisa. "Skulls and Skeletons from Documented, Overseas and Archaeological Excavations: Portuguese Trajectories." In Archaeological Human Remains, 111–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89984-8_8.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Human remains"

Meadows, John, Olga Lozovskaya, and Vyacheslav Moiseyev. "Interpreting Mesolithic human remains from Zamostje 2." In SUBSISTENCE STRATEGIES IN THE STONE AGE, DIRECT AND INDIRECT EVIDENCE OF FISHING AND GATHERING. Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Science, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-00-7-2018-206-207.

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S. Mellett, James, and New York University. "Location of human remains with ground-penetrating radar." In Fourth International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.303.45.

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Victoria Browne, Kim. "Trafficking in Human Skeletal Remains: An Historical Perspective." In Annual International Conference on Forensic Sciences & Criminalistics Research. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2382-5642_fscr14.23.

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Olesiak, Sara E., Matthew Sponheimer, and Virginia L. Ferguson. "Preservation of Human Bone Remains at Joya De Cerèn." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176651.

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Bone, a key part of the paleontological and archeological records, can provide insight into the biology, ecology and the environment of ancient vertebrates. Bone is a composite material in which the nanomechanical properties are dependent on the local organic content, mineral content, and microstructural organization. However it is unclear as to how these properties are affected by burial, environmental influences, temperature, or time. The acidity of volcanic soils causes resorption of the bone mineral and may result in demineralization of the bone. As such, very few bone remains are found in volcanic soils and this rare sample can provide insight into the preservation under such extreme conditions. While the effects of volcanic soils on bone are unknown, exposure to hostile environmental conditions increases the potential for dramatic alteration of the mechanical behavior. In this study, a human long bone from around 600 A.D. and a modern human femur were studied using nanoindentation. Testing, performed in both longitudinal and transverse directions, revealed preservation of bone’s natural anisotropy. Additionally, the preserved bone’s lower modulus values suggest the dissolution of bone mineral.

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Mazurkiewicz, Jacek, and Piotr Szymaniec. "Human remains stored in museums as a legal problem." In Právne rozpravy on-screen III. Vydavateľstvo Univerzity Mateja Bela v Banskej Bystrici - Belianum, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24040/pros.07.05.2021.ssp.141-156.

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Staniewska, Alexandra. "Posthumous inequalities and stratification Of human remains in Spain." In 4th International Conference on Modern Research in Social Sciences. GLOBALKS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/4th.icmrss.2021.07.650.

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Miller, Michelle L., Robert S. Freeland, and Steven Koppenjan. "Searching for concealed human remains using GPR imaging of decomposition." In Ninth International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR2002), edited by Steven Koppenjan and Hua Lee. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.462240.

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Vojtkova, Hana. "BIOMINERALISATION OF SILICATES BY BACTERIAL STRAINS ISOLATED FROM HUMAN SKELETAL REMAINS." In 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017/61/s25.072.

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Nikitina, I. O. "“Two Lives” of the tradition of reburial of human remains in Greece." In Традиционная культура Греции. Москва: Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова Издательский Дом (типография), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52607/9785190116809_103.

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Dellu, Elena, and Angela Sciatti. "CARE OF ANCIENT HUMAN REMAINS. CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT WITH 3D MODELING AND DBMS." In ARQUEOLÓGICA 2.0 - 9th International Congress & 3rd GEORES - GEOmatics and pREServation. Editorial Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia: Editorial Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/arqueologica9.2021.12165.

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Анотація:

The interaction between humanities and scientific disciplines is a slow and recent process, which is still standing influencing more and more frequently the reconstruction of our history. Ancient human remains are a significant part of our heritage, both from a cultural and biological point of view. They keep trace of our evolution at a macroscopic and genetic level; for this reason they must be adequately protected. Since 2018, the Superintendence of Archeology, Fine Arts and Landscape for the metropolitan city of Bari (Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities and for Tourism of Italy) has launched a specific protocol for the management of physical anthropological finds, with the aim of protecting, knowing and enhancing them. The use of new technologies, such as 3D modeling of the finds and the management of all archaeological and anthropological data through DBMS, will allow us to carry out long-term protection. This will be the basis for achieving new studies and enhancement activities on ancient human remains, without increasing their degradation.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Human remains"

Vass, A. Dr, and G. B. Singleton. Detection of Buried Human Remains Using Bioreporter Fluorescence. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/799515.

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Baxter, Carey L., and Michael L. Hargrave. Guidance on the Use of Historic Human Remains Detection Dogs for Locating Unmarked Cemeteries. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1001858.

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Ma, Yue, and Rafael Peñaloza. Towards Parallel Repair Using Decompositions. Technische Universität Dresden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.207.

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Анотація:

Ontology repair remains one of the main bottlenecks for the development of ontologies for practical use. Many automated methods have been developed for suggesting potential repairs, but ultimately human intervention is required for selecting the adequate one, and the human expert might be overwhelmed by the amount of information delivered to her. We propose a decomposition of ontologies into smaller components that can be repaired in parallel. We show the utility of our approach for ontology repair, provide algorithms for computing this decomposition through standard reasoning, and study the complexity of several associated problems.

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Beuermann, Diether, Henry Mooney, Elton Bollers, David Rosenblatt, Maria Alejandra Zegarra, Laura Giles Álvarez, Gralyn Frazier, et al. Caribbean Quarterly Bulletin 2020: Volume 9: Issue 4, December 2020. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002948.

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Анотація:

For most Caribbean countries, the COVID-19 pandemic will translate into the deepest single-year contraction of real GDP on record in 2020. With the exception of Guyana, countries have experienced deep recessions, severe increases in unemployment, and long-lasting damage to many corporate and household balance sheets. The social consequences of the crisis continue to mount, and despite governments best efforts to buffer the shock to families, enterprises, and domestic markets, there remains a dire need for continued and more broad-based stimulus to ensure that economic capital both human and other wise remains intact. This edition of the Caribbean Quarterly Bulletin briefly reflects on notable economic developments in 2020, then shifts to longer-term issues, including a summary of an upcoming IDB publication, Economic Institutions for a Resilient Caribbean, as well as summaries of the book's key diagnostics and recommendations for each country. In some cases, country sections focus on specific areas of institutional reforms. For example, the Suriname section focuses on fiscal institutions, given the public debt distress there.

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Zheng, Ruo-xiang, Xun Li, Jing Li, Zhen-wei Liu, Feng Jiang, Nicola Robinson, and Jian-ping Liu. Does Chinese herbal remedy Tangcao tablet work for the treatment of HIV/AIDS：a systematic review of controlled clinical trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0042.

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Review question / Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Tangcao tablet (Tangcao) for treating people with HIV/AIDS. Condition being studied: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic infectious disease characterized by severe immunodeficiency caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The infection attacks specifically the white blood cells, CD4+T (CD4) cells, weakening the immunity of individuals against infections such as tuberculosis. Without treatment, patients with AIDS may survive up to 2 years. Pneumocystis pneumonia and infections of the central nervous system are two of the most common causes of death in people with AIDS. AIDS still remains a significant global public health problem, with an estimated 37.7 million people infected with HIV at the end of 2020.

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Conrad, Cyler. A Standard Operating Procedure for the Inadvertent Discovery of Native American Human Remains and Associated Funerary Objects, Sacred Objects, or Objects of Cultural Patrimony at Los Alamos National Laboratory In Compliance with the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act [25 U.S.C. 3002(d), 43 C.F.R. 10.4]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1660569.

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Mateo-Berganza Díaz, María Mercedes, JungKyu Rhys Lim, Isabel Cardenas-Navia, and Karen Elzey. A World of Transformation: Moving from Degrees to Skills-Based Alternative Credentials. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004299.

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Postsecondary education is undergoing a period of profound change. One of the most significant changes is the emergence of skills-based, non-degree, alternative credentials as both complements and alternatives to traditional degrees. Several factors have combined to favor these shorter, less expensive, and more versatile ways to gain knowledge and skills for work. The factors include the rigidity and high cost of traditional degrees; the fact that traditional institutions are failing to equip many graduates with the skills they need; and the need to rapidly upskill and reskill workers to meet the increasingly complex demands of modern economies. This report summarizes evidence suggesting a decrease in the value of degrees as a signaling mechanism in the labor market. It also identifies the benefits of alternative, non-degree credentials and makes recommendations on ways to increase their value and acceptance in the market. It remains to be seen whether non-degree alternative credentials are a short-term strategy to close the skills gaps and deal with the transition to adaptive and qualified labor, or a permanent strategy of human capital development.

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Saville, Alan, and Caroline Wickham-Jones, eds. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland : Scottish Archaeological Research Framework Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.163.

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Why research Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland? Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology sheds light on the first colonisation and subsequent early inhabitation of Scotland. It is a growing and exciting field where increasing Scottish evidence has been given wider significance in the context of European prehistory. It extends over a long period, which saw great changes, including substantial environmental transformations, and the impact of, and societal response to, climate change. The period as a whole provides the foundation for the human occupation of Scotland and is crucial for understanding prehistoric society, both for Scotland and across North-West Europe. Within the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods there are considerable opportunities for pioneering research. Individual projects can still have a substantial impact and there remain opportunities for pioneering discoveries including cemeteries, domestic and other structures, stratified sites, and for exploring the huge evidential potential of water-logged and underwater sites. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology also stimulates and draws upon exciting multi-disciplinary collaborations. Panel Task and Remit The panel remit was to review critically the current state of knowledge and consider promising areas of future research into the earliest prehistory of Scotland. This was undertaken with a view to improved understanding of all aspects of the colonization and inhabitation of the country by peoples practising a wholly hunter-fisher-gatherer way of life prior to the advent of farming. In so doing, it was recognised as particularly important that both environmental data (including vegetation, fauna, sea level, and landscape work) and cultural change during this period be evaluated. The resultant report, outlines the different areas of research in which archaeologists interested in early prehistory work, and highlights the research topics to which they aspire. The report is structured by theme: history of investigation; reconstruction of the environment; the nature of the archaeological record; methodologies for recreating the past; and finally, the lifestyles of past people – the latter representing both a statement of current knowledge and the ultimate aim for archaeologists; the goal of all the former sections. The document is reinforced by material on-line which provides further detail and resources. The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic panel report of ScARF is intended as a resource to be utilised, built upon, and kept updated, hopefully by those it has helped inspire and inform as well as those who follow in their footsteps. Future Research The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarized under four key headings:  Visibility: Due to the considerable length of time over which sites were formed, and the predominant mobility of the population, early prehistoric remains are to be found right across the landscape, although they often survive as ephemeral traces and in low densities. Therefore, all archaeological work should take into account the expectation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic ScARF Panel Report iv encountering early prehistoric remains. This applies equally to both commercial and research archaeology, and to amateur activity which often makes the initial discovery. This should not be seen as an obstacle, but as a benefit, and not finding such remains should be cause for question. There is no doubt that important evidence of these periods remains unrecognised in private, public, and commercial collections and there is a strong need for backlog evaluation, proper curation and analysis. The inadequate representation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic information in existing national and local databases must be addressed.  Collaboration: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross- sector approaches must be encouraged – site prospection, prediction, recognition, and contextualisation are key areas to this end. Reconstructing past environments and their chronological frameworks, and exploring submerged and buried landscapes offer existing examples of fruitful, cross-disciplinary work. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology has an important place within Quaternary science and the potential for deeply buried remains means that geoarchaeology should have a prominent role.  Innovation: Research-led projects are currently making a substantial impact across all aspects of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology; a funding policy that acknowledges risk and promotes the innovation that these periods demand should be encouraged. The exploration of lesser known areas, work on different types of site, new approaches to artefacts, and the application of novel methodologies should all be promoted when engaging with the challenges of early prehistory.  Tackling the ‘big questions’: Archaeologists should engage with the big questions of earliest prehistory in Scotland, including the colonisation of new land, how lifestyles in past societies were organized, the effects of and the responses to environmental change, and the transitions to new modes of life. This should be done through a holistic view of the available data, encompassing all the complexities of interpretation and developing competing and testable models. Scottish data can be used to address many of the currently topical research topics in archaeology, and will provide a springboard to a better understanding of early prehistoric life in Scotland and beyond.

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Czajka, Leo, Florence Kondylis, Bassirou Sarr, and Mattea Stein. Data Management at the Senegalese Tax Authority: Insights from a Long-term Research Collaboration. Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2022.020.

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As they increasingly adopt digital infrastructure, public administrations worldwide are increasingly collecting, generating and managing data. Empirical researchers are, at the same time, collaborating more and more with administrations, accessing vast amounts of data, and setting new research agendas. These collaborations have taken place in low-income countries in particular, where administrative data can be a valuable substitute for scarce survey data. However, the transition to a full-fledged digital administration can be a long and difficult process, sharply contrasting the common leap-frog narrative. Based on observations made during a five-year research collaboration with the Senegalese tax administration, this qualitative case study discusses the main data management challenges the tax administration faces. Much progress has recently been made with the modernisation of the administration’s digital capacity ,and adoption of e-filling and e-payment systems. However, there remains substantial scope for the administration to enhance data management and improve its efficiency in performing basic tasks, such as the identification of active taxpayers or the detection of various forms of non-compliance. In particular, there needs to be sustained investment in human resources specifically trained in data analysis. Recently progress has been made through creating – in collaboration with the researchers – a ‘datalab’ that now works to improve processes to collect, clean, merge and use data to improve revenue mobilisation.

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Stilley, Jim L. Can TRICARE Senior Prime Remain Budget Neutral for the Department of Defense and Department of Health and Human Services? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada420400.

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