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Статті в журналах з теми "Housing":

1

Song, Shou Xu, Ji Ru Zhao, and Tao Liu. "The Prediction for the Residual Life of Waste Drive Axle Housing Basing on Neural Network." Advanced Materials Research 308-310 (August 2011): 246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.308-310.246.

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In order to estimate the residual life of waste drive axle housing, the prediction model of waste axle housings with artificial neural networks is built in this paper. Take the deformation, residual stress and the gradient of magnetic intensity Kmax relating to axle housing’s fatigue damage degree as the input of neural network, and compare the testing residual life of the waste drive axle housing with its predicting residual life. The result demonstrates that: the deformation, residual stress and the gradient of magnetic intensity Kmax of axle housing as the characteristic parameter estimating the degree of fatigue damage, adopting trainbr training function can get good network performance and comparatively high precision of prediction. Besides, the longer the residual life of the waste axle housing is, the more precise the prediction life will be.
2

Aniskin, A. "Development and testing of the concrete maturity sensor housing." BULLETIN of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Technical Science and Technology Series 137, no. 4 (2021): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7263-2021-137-4-7-17.

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The two types of custom housings for the maturity sensor made of twocomponent plastic were proposed and subjected to durability testing in this study. The first rectangular housing was made of two parts connected by 6 screws and waterproofed with rubber. The second housing was made keg-shaped with a cylindrical keg and screw-on cap. The housings were tested for water resistance, integrity when dropped, and load resistance on three sides using an electromechanical press-machine. At compression tests, both housings demonstrated fairly acceptable resistances, ranging from 0.6 to 2.11 kPa. If referring to the weight applied, it may be supposed that the housings may bear from 65.3 to 165.3 kg depending on the sides, on which the loads are applied. The integrity tests did not cause notable damage on both types of housings, while the water-resistance test revealed the weakness of rectangular housing that failed the test at 3 days of submerging. Comparatively, the cylindrical housing turned out to be more reliable, since its average resistance deviation on all sides appeared to be twice less than those in rectangular one. Moreover, the keg-shaped housing turned out to be waterproof, less material, and labor-intensive.
3

Gorczyca, Mirosław. "Mieszkalnictwo na Litwie." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 2012, no. 3 (March 28, 2012): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.59139/ws.2012.03.6.

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The article presents a condition of the housing in Lithuania in years 2001–2009. Considerations of the housing development, conditions in the housing construction, resoures and housing conditions as well as expenditures for dwellings are discussed in the article. The author presents also comparison of measures characterizing housings in Poland and Lithuania.
4

Gorczyca, Mirosław. "Mieszkalnictwo w Islandii." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 2011, no. 10 (October 28, 2011): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.59139/ws.2011.10.7.

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The article presents a condition of the housing in Iceland in 2009 in retrospection. Considerations of the housing development, conditions in the housing construction, reserves and housing conditions as well as expenditures for dwellings are discussed in the article. The author presents also a comparison of measures characterizing housings in Poland and Iceland.
5

Gorczyca, Mirosław. "Mieszkalnictwo w Chinach." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 2011, no. 9 (September 28, 2011): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.59139/ws.2011.09.7.

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The article presents a condition of the housing in China in 2008 as well as in retrospection. Considerations of the housing development, conditions in the housing construction, reserves and housing conditions as well as expenditures for dwellings are discussed in the article. The author presents also comparison of measures characterizing housings in Poland and China.
6

Gorczyca, Mirosław. "Mieszkalnictwo w Szwecji." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 2011, no. 3 (March 28, 2011): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.59139/ws.2011.03.6.

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The article presents a condition of the housing in Sweden in 2007 as well as in retrospection. Considerations of the housing development, conditions in the housing construction, reserves and housing conditions as well as expenditures for dwellings are discussed in the article. The author presents also a comparison of measures characterizing housings in Poland and Sweden.
7

Gorczyca, Mirosław. "Mieszkalnictwo w Szwajcarii." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 2011, no. 2 (February 28, 2011): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.59139/ws.2011.02.7.

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The article presents a condition of the housing in Switzerland in 2008 as well as in retrospection since 1995. Considerations of the housing development, conditions in the housing construction, reserves and housing conditions as well as expenditures for dwellings are discussed in the article. The author presents also comparison of measures characterizing housings in Poland and Switzerland.
8

Gorczyca, Mirosław. "Mieszkalnictwo w Norwegii." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 2011, no. 1 (January 28, 2011): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.59139/ws.2011.01.7.

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The article presents a condition of the housing in Norway in 2008 as well as in retrospection since 1980. Considerations of the housing development, conditions in the housing construction, reserves and housing conditions as well as expenditures for dwellings are discussed in the article. The author presents also comparison of measures characterizing housings in Poland and Norway.
9

Gorczyca, Mirosław. "Mieszkalnictwo w Stanach Zjednoczonych." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 2011, no. 4 (April 28, 2011): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.59139/ws.2011.04.5.

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The article presents a condition of the housing in the United States in 2008 as well as in retrospection. Considerations of the housing development, conditions in the housing construction, reserves and housing conditions as well as expenditures for dwellings are discussed in the article. The author presents also comparison of measures characterizing housings in the United States and EU Countries.
10

M.I, Hasan, Aminuddin A. M. R, and Hazrina H. B. M. "Locality of Building Orientation in Traditional Indonesian Architecture: A Systematic Literature Review." Journal of Design and Built Environment 22, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/jdbe.vol22no3.4.

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This study elucidates values that determine traditional Indonesian housing orientations. The diversity of cultures in Indonesia generates a firm rule in housing design and affects some elements, encompass housing orientation. Recent research on the orientation of locality-based buildings has not been much explained holistically, so this can be a potential for further discussion. In order to produce a synthesis of the orientation values, this research employs a systematic literature review from scientific papers on Scopus with certain screening processes. In brief, the results show nature, main access, and beliefs that determine the orientation of traditional Indonesian housings. Nature's role determines the orientation where dwellers respect nature, cultivate and prevent the wind. Main access also simply determine the housing orientation where transportation access is located. Furthermore, ancestors' beliefs, sacred space, and Qiblah also establish the housing orientation of traditional Indonesian housings. These results provide important insights into the development of traditional Indonesian housing knowledge that considers local culture, sustainable issues, and Islamic values

Дисертації з теми "Housing":

1

Oh, Dong-Hoon. "housing budget share, housing expenditure, and housing affordability of U.S. urban households by housing tenure /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487928649986359.

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2

Fung, Augustine. "Conjunctive housing : housing in mixed-use complexes." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60470.

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This thesis examines the idea of conjunctive housing as a viable alternative for habitation within the urban context. It traces the historical origins of housing in conjunctive use with other functions. Various examples of this type of housing are cited extending from its beginnings during the classical era right up to the twentieth century.
The study of the mixed land use concept in urban areas calls for a more comprehensive analysis of the validity of conjunctive housing as an alternative to the ever increasing suburbanization. This idea transcends the notion of landuse efficiency, and underscores the importance of promoting inner-city living.
Conjunctive housing represents a time-tested approach which deviates from various other conventional housing patterns. An exhibit of several types of mixed-use establishments is provided, together with a probe into its generic forms which demonstrate the numerous planning options. This thesis is an attempt to reiterate the concept of conjunctive housing, especially in response to the contemporary trend of urban living, as a viable solution for housing urbanites, a concept which may even prove to promote a socially superior mode of urban lifestyle.
3

Keller, Isaac. "Public Housing: Revisiting Housing for the Masses." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin161710891169819.

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4

Zager, Jacob Hadley. "Choose housing : an American housing design experiment." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8262.

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Thesis (M.Arch.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.
Thesis research directed by: School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation Architecture. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
5

Lai, Wai-shan, and 黎惠珊. "Housing subsidy of public rental housing planning implications." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31258906.

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6

Mok, Kwok-chung, and 莫國忠. "Impact of housing market concentration on housing environment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31259492.

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7

Chui, Mei-king, and 徐美琼. "Quality management on housing design and housing management." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43894768.

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8

Zhao, Zhejin. "Three essays on housing markets and housing policies." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSES033/document.

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Cette thèse contient trois essais empiriques sur les marchés du logement et les politiques de logement. Dans le premier essai, nous étudions les effets du contrôle des loyers sur les loyers en utilisant des données historiques de panel sur une période de 78 ans à Lyon. Nous utilisons des régressions multiples avec des effets fixes comme principale forme d’analyse. Nos résultats montrent que l’effet causal du contrôle des loyers sur les loyers à Lyon est significativement négatif. Dans le deuxième essai, j’étudie l’influence de l’âge du chef de famille sur la demande de logements grâce à des données sur les ménages en Chine. Le modèle de prix hédonique en deux étapes, utilisé dans cet essai, me permet d’estimer l’effet de l’âge du chef de famille sur la demande de logements, en contrôlant la qualité du logement et les caractéristiques des autres ménages. Les résultats montrent que la disposition à payer, à qualité constante de la maison, diminue légèrement ou reste constante lorsque le chef de famille vieillit, une fois contrôlé le niveau d’instruction du chef de famille. En revanche, il diminue rapidement si le niveau d’instruction du chef de famille n’est pas contrôlé. Par conséquent, cet essai conclut que la demande totale de logements ne devrait pas diminuer avec le vieillissement de la population, parce que la génération actuelle est plus éduquée que la précédente. Enfin, dans le troisième essai, dans le cadre du modèle de Rosen-Roback, j’analyse l’impact des coûts du logement sur le ratio d’intensité des compétences (SIR), dans différentes villes chinoises. Pour éviter les problèmes d’endogénéité, j’utilise à la fois la part des terrains non disponibles et les prix des logements historiques comme instruments des prix actuels du logement. Les résultats montrent que les prix moyens des logements ont des effets positifs significatifs sur le SIR en 2010 lorsque la mobilité des travailleurs est assouplie, mais que les effets sont non significatifs sur le SIR en 2000 lorsque la mobilité des travailleurs était étroitement réglementée
This thesis contains three empirical essays on housing markets and housing policies. In the first essay, we investigate the effects of rent control on rents using historical panel data in Lyon over a 78-year period. We use multiple regressions with fixed effects as the main form of analysis. Our results show that the causal effect of rent control on rents in Lyon is significantly negative. In the second essay, I study how age influences housing demand based on household level data from China. The two-stage hedonic house price model used in this essay allows me to estimate the pure age effect on housing demand, after housing quality and other household’s characteristics are controlled for. The results demonstrate that the willingness-to-pay for a constant-quality house will decrease slightly or keep constant when a representative household head becomes old, if the household head’s educational attainment is controlled for. In contrast, it will drop rapidly if the household head’s educational attainment is not controlled for. Therefore, this essay concludes that the total housing demand will not decrease with population aging, because the current middle- aged generation get educated more than the current old generation. Finally, in the third essay, in the framework of Rosen-Roback model, I analyze how housing costs affect the ratio of high-skilled to low-skilled workers, explicitly the skill intensity ratio (SIR), across cities in China. To avoid endogeneity issues, I use both share of unavailable land and historical housing prices as instruments of current housing prices. The results show that average housing prices have significant positive effects on the SIR in 2010 when workers’ mobility is relaxed, but insignificant effects on the SIR in 2000 when workers’ mobility was tightly regulated
9

Essienyi, Evans K. (Evans Kofi). "Prefabricated housing, a solution for Ghana's housing shortage." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68189.

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Thesis (S.M. in Real Estate Development)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in Conjunction with the Center for Real Estate, 2011.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-76).
Sub-Saharan Africa has been experiencing phenomenal population growth since the beginning of the 20th Century, following several centuries of population stagnation attributable to the slave trade and colonization. The region's population in fact increased from 100 million in 1900 to 770 million in 2005. The latest United Nations projections, published in March 2007, envisaged a figure of 1.5 to 2 billion inhabitants being reached between the present and 2050 (CEPED, 2008). The growth in population poses a lot of challenges for Governments of these countries, not the least is housing the masses. Some governments have explored industrialized building systems (IBS) -- PREFAB HOUSES to address the housing shortage. The social and economic factors in these countries have impeded the success of these housing initiatives. In 1952 the then Gold Coast government explored the possibility of employing industrialized Building Systems (IBS) -- PREFAB HOUSES to relieve the housing shortage in the country, then a British colony. The government engaged Messrs. N. V. Schokbeton of Kampen, Holland as consultant of the project and producers of the Prefab houses. The program was abandoned on the recommendation of the United Nations Technical Assistance Mission on Housing to Ghana. This essence of this paper is to reviews the UN report to the government of Gold Coast to learn why the project failed and what might be done to make such a project successful in the 21st century . This paper uses case studies to show countries that have successfully and unsuccessfully employed Industrialized Building Systems (IBS) -- PREFAB HOUSES to address housing shortage. Finally, this paper employs a survey to gauge the interest - the willingness of the middle income Ghanaian to adopt prefab houses as dwelling units.
by Evans K. Essienyi.
S.M.in Real Estate Development
10

Atthakor, Songpol. "Terrace housing : providing quality in higher-density housing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/63200.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1992.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-126).
The higher demand of higher-density housing in Bangkok due to the rapid growth of the economy and the use of high-performance materials and modern construction methods has changed the forms of housing from low-rise buildings to multistorey apartments. During the last two decades, people in Bangkok have faced problems of living in high-density housing and lack of open space, which limit the quality of living space. Providing better quality of living space above ground must therefore be considered. Terrace housing, that is multi-story housing with open spaces on each level, is a building type which has the advantage of providing the qualities of private open spaces to each unit of building. Terrace building types have been a popular solution to modern housing design for quality in multi-story aj-jartment buildings. There is a great variety of this building type: roof top, hillside, on ground free standing terrace, vertical stack, courtyard terrace, artificial hill terrace and cluster terrace. The main purpose is to provide compensation of living quality on the ground to individual units and common area in the air. Terrace buildings also respond well to their environment. However, terrace buildings require many special architectural and technical considerations. A study of this building type will help to clarify the design and technical considerations of terrace housing design and provide design alternatives for better living conditions city. The work deals with terrace houses on flat sites in the city of Bangkok on two main contextual levels. 1. General level; Guidelines for off-ground terrace buildings are described by means of the specific components of the building types which are generated by internal requirements and external conditions (such as spatial requirements, climates and urban contexts ). 2. Specific Level; This level is based on practical considerations of the process of representing a terrace building. Prototypical forms of terrace housing will be matched with quality of housing and technological systems. The results provide suggestions for the design of this building type and a selected design alternative.
by Songpol Atthakar.
M.S.

Книги з теми "Housing":

1

Oxley, M. J. Housing conditions, housing investment and housing markets. Milton Keynes: DeMontfort University, School of the Built Environment, Department of Land Management, 1994.

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2

Gausa, Manuel. Housing + single-family housing. Basel: Birkhäuser, Publishers for Architecture, 2002.

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3

Gausa, Manuel. Housing + single-family housing. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser, 2002.

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4

Glaeser, Edward L. Housing supply and housing bubbles. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2008.

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5

Lund, Brian. Housing problems and housing policy. London: Longman, 1996.

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6

Balchin, Paul. Housing. London: Taylor & Francis Inc, 2004.

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7

Mateo, José Luis. Housing. Pamplona, Spain: T6 Ediciones, 1996.

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8

Democrats, Liberal. Housing. London: Liberal Democrats, 1995.

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9

Owen, Claire. Housing. Cambridge: Independence, 2010.

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10

Gateshead (England). Department of Health and Consumer Services., ed. Housing. Gateshead: Department of Health and Consumer Services, 1991.

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Частини книг з теми "Housing":

1

Hague, Cliff, Euan Hague, and Carrie Breitbach. "Housing and Housing Markets." In Regional and Local Economic Development, 178–200. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-34518-8_9.

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2

Platts, Hannah, and Janet DeLaine. "Housing." In A Companion to the City of Rome, 297–323. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118300664.ch14.

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3

Lowe, Rodney. "Housing." In The Welfare State in Britain since 1945, 235–60. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22549-1_9.

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4

Le Grand, Julian, Carol Propper, and Ray Robinson. "Housing." In The Economics of Social Problems, 91–116. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21930-8_5.

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Baugh, W. E. "Housing." In Introduction to Social and Community Services, 188–97. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22154-7_15.

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6

Williams, Michael. "Housing." In Society Today, 78–82. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08845-4_17.

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Adams, Robert. "Housing." In Social Policy for Social Work, 72–91. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-80178-3_4.

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Harvey, Jack. "Housing." In Urban Land Economics, 278–311. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24441-6_17.

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9

Steuer, Max. "Housing." In The Scientific Study of Society, 273–309. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6791-9_9.

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10

Agarwal, Sumit, Wenlan Qian, and Ruth Tan. "Housing." In Household Finance, 175–219. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5526-8_5.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Housing":

1

"Housing Affordability Policy: Implications for Housing Markets and Housing Elasticities." In 16th Annual European Real Estate Society Conference: ERES Conference 2009. ERES, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2009_346.

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"Housing." In The 10th EAAE/ARCC International Conference. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315226255-52.

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3

Chiessa, Dennis Antonio. "Nonconforming Housing: Housing the Working Class." In 111th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.18.

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As cities struggle to provide enough adequate housing for their residents, there is a need to develop new ideas and typologies that address the housing crisis directly. Growth in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex [1] continues to provide challenges in addressing housing shortages [2], particularly for cost-burdened communities and those in danger of gentrification, displacement, or chronic homelessness [3]. This project focused on developing contextual infill housing typologies by analyzing the housing stock and context of a neighborhood in Fort Worth, TX. The central question driving the project was: How to design infill housing to increase density in existing single-family urban areas with an aging housing stock, a history of community marginalization, and inadequate zoning that deems many properties as nonconforming or unbuildable?
4

Guo, Yu-Kun, Lu-Xi Luo, and Jin-Ying Wang. "Housing System Reform Based on Housing Properties." In 2014 International Conference on Management Science and Management Innovation (MSMI 2014). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/msmi-14.2014.74.

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5

Sing, Tien, Mi Diao, and Yi Fan. "Demand restrictions; government interventions; resale public housing market; private housing market; housing wealth." In 25th Annual European Real Estate Society Conference. European Real Estate Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2018_32.

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6

Kahre, Kristian, and Ene Kolbre. "Housing affordability changes in Baltic capitals: on the effect of housing boom and negative housing equity on housing affordability." In 22nd Annual European Real Estate Society Conference. European Real Estate Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2015_190.

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7

Kim, Jeongseob, and Jun Kim. "Housing Market Response to Public Housing Projects in Seoul: The Case of National Rental Housing and Affordable Chonsei Housing." In 24th Annual European Real Estate Society Conference. European Real Estate Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2017_285.

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8

O'Shea, Kim, and Gabriela Avram. "Housing Ourselves." In C&T 2019: The 9th International Conference on Communities & Technologies - Transforming Communities. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3328320.3328397.

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9

Duinker, Margreet, Peter Rowe, and Wu Liangyong. "Urban Housing." In 1995 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.1995.3.

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Down through the centuries, Amsterdam has always been a compactly built city. There were good reasons for the compactness. It was not easy to make the marshy ground suitable for building. Water courses had to be filled in, marshlands drained, dikes had to be constructed and canals dug. Until the 19th century, the city had to be defended by walls and city ramparts from the surrounding dangers. It was only safe to life inside those walls. Even now there are still good reasons for continuing to build compactly. The Netherlands is a densely populated country where space and nature are scarce; the space we have has to well used, so city expansions were always carefully planned. There’s always been a tension between the need to build compactly and the quality of living in the city. In the history of Amsterdam can be seen how it was necessary to choose between density and space. In periods when the economy was flourishing, such as the 17th century, the city allowed itself more space. In periods of stagnation, buildings were placed increasingly close to each other. But, as architect Rietveld said, “In a properly built city, the scale of a dwelling can be closer to that of a big roomy coat with inside pockets than to a castle.”
10

Vincent, Charles, Luiz Alberto Fresl Backheuser, and Eduardo Campolongo. "Digital Housing." In eCAADe 2019: Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution. eCAADe, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.171.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Housing":

1

Glaeser, Edward, Joseph Gyourko, and Albert Saiz. Housing Supply and Housing Bubbles. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14193.

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2

Goulder, Lawrence. Tax Policy, Housing Prices, and Housing Investment. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2814.

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3

Arbeláez, María Angélica, Roberto Steiner, Daniel Wills, and Alejandro Becerra. Housing Tenure and Housing Demand in Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011347.

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Using the 2003 and 2008 Quality of Life Surveys (QLS) conducted by the National Department of Statistics (DANE), this paper identifies the factors that affect housing tenure decisions in Colombia. Households with higher incomes are more likely to purchase than to rent, and the choice of formal housing is positively associated with wealth. Households eligible for social housing subsidies are more likely to purchase than to rent, and those working in the informal sector are more likely to purchase informal dwellings. Subsidies and access to mortgage credit have a large positive impact on demand. Finally, savings have a positive effect on demand in 2008, but not in 2003. The positive effect on demand of both subsidies and credit is explained by demand for low-income housing.
4

Albouy, David, and Mike Zabek. Housing Inequality. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21916.

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5

Rossi-Hansberg, Esteban, Pierre-Daniel Sarte, and Raymond Owens. Housing Externalities. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14369.

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6

Glaeser, Edward, and Charles Nathanson. Housing Bubbles. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20426.

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7

Glaeser, Edward, and Joseph Gyourko. Housing Dynamics. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w12787.

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8

Stein, Peter J., and Armen Bahlavouni. Radiometer Housing. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada626501.

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9

Marella, Sai Rama Raju, Khushboo Thakur, and Mohd Raqib Khan. Housing Glossary. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/hg08.2023.

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This glossary provides definitions of key terms commonly used in the field of housing. It facilitates understanding the basic terminologies of the Housing sector. This Glossary of terms is designed to provide a foundational vocabulary for anyone new to the field of Housing in India.
10

Sinai, Todd, and Joel Waldfogel. Do Low-Income Housing Subsidies Increase Housing Consumption? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8709.

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