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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Honeybee"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 29 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Honeybee"

Felicioli, Antonio, Mario Forzan, Simona Sagona, Paola D’Agostino, Diego Baido, Baldassare Fronte та Maurizio Mazzei. "Effect of Oral Administration of 1,3-1,6 β-Glucans in DWV Naturally Infected Newly Emerged Bees (Apis mellifera L.)". Veterinary Sciences 7, № 2 (25 квітня 2020): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci7020052.

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Honeybee pathogens have an important role in honeybee colony mortality and colony losses; most of them are widely spread and necessitate worldwide solutions to contrast honeybee’s decline. Possible accepted solutions to cope with the spread of honeybee’s pathogens are focused on the study of experimental protocols to enhance the insect’s immune defenses. Honeybee’s artificial diet capable to stimulate the immune system is a promising field of investigation as ascertained by the introduction of 1,3-1,6 β-glucans as a dietary supplement. In this work, by collecting faecal samples of honeybees exposed to different dietary conditions of 1,3-1,6 β-glucans (0.5% and 2% w/w), it has been possible to investigate the Deformed wing virus (DWV) viral load kinetic without harming the insects. Virological data obtained by a one-step TaqMan RT-PCR highlighted the ability of 1,3-1,6 β-glucans to reduce the viral load at the 24th day of rearing. The results indicated that the diet supplemented with 1,3-1,6 β-glucans was associated with a dose-dependent activation of phenoloxidase. The control group showed a higher survival rate than the experimental groups. This research confirmed 1,3-1,6 β-glucans as molecules able to modulate honeybees’ defense pathways, and this is the first report in which the kinetic of DWV infection in honeybee faeces has been monitored by a RT-qPCR.

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Wirta, Helena Kristiina, Mohammad Bahram, Kirsten Miller, Tomas Roslin, and Eero Vesterinen. "Reconstructing the ecosystem context of a species: Honey-borne DNA reveals the roles of the honeybee." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (July 13, 2022): e0268250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268250.

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To assess a species’ impact on its environment–and the environment’s impact upon a species–we need to pinpoint its links to surrounding taxa. The honeybee (Apis mellifera) provides a promising model system for such an exercise. While pollination is an important ecosystem service, recent studies suggest that honeybees can also provide disservices. Developing a comprehensive understanding of the full suite of services and disservices that honeybees provide is a key priority for such a ubiquitous species. In this perspective paper, we propose that the DNA contents of honey can be used to establish the honeybee’s functional niche, as reflected by ecosystem services and disservices. Drawing upon previously published genomic data, we analysed the DNA found within 43 honey samples from Northern Europe. Based on metagenomic analysis, we find that the taxonomic composition of DNA is dominated by a low pathogenicity bee virus with 40.2% of the reads, followed by bacteria (16.7%), plants (9.4%) and only 1.1% from fungi. In terms of ecological roles of taxa associated with the bees or taxa in their environment, bee gut microbes dominate the honey DNA, with plants as the second most abundant group. A range of pathogens associated with plants, bees and other animals occur frequently, but with lower relative read abundance, across the samples. The associations found here reflect a versatile the honeybee’s role in the North-European ecosystem. Feeding on nectar and pollen, the honeybee interacts with plants–in particular with cultivated crops. In doing so, the honeybee appears to disperse common pathogens of plants, pollinators and other animals, but also microbes potentially protective of these pathogens. Thus, honey-borne DNA helps us define the honeybee’s functional niche, offering directions to expound the benefits and drawbacks of the associations to the honeybee itself and its interacting organisms.

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Amssalu Bezabeh, Esubalew Shitaneh, and Emana Getu. "Temperament of Ethiopian honeybees." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 8, no. 2 (March 30, 2023): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2023.8.2.0229.

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Information on the relative defensive behavior variations of Ethiopian bees and factors associated with temperament variation is not available. The objective of this study was to identify the temperament conditions of these honeybee populations. Two hundred forty farmer beekeepers from 57 localities were interviewed based on pre-structured questionnaire to determine aggressive behavior of Ethiopian honeybees, seasons and factors responsible for heightening their aggressiveness. The aggression rate of Ethiopian honeybee groups were determined for 3001 honeybee colonies and analyzed using Kruskal-wallis ANOVA. The aggressiveness varies among honeybee groups. Apis mellifera jemenitica honeybees are highly aggressive while Apis mellifera monticolla honeybees are relatively docile. The seasons of the year in which aggressiveness enhanced also vary both within and between honeybee groups depending on climatic conditions of their respective areas. The aggression generally heightens when nectar and pollen are abundantly available which is associated with honey flow and harvest and brooding periods. Attacks of enemies are also found the primary factor enhancing the aggression behavior across all honeybee groups. Aggression rate is significant and positively correlated with temperature and negatively with altitude. Generally lowland and southern region honeybees are more aggressive than highlands and northern region honeybees.

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Rasic, Sladjan, Mica Mladenovic, and Ljubisa Stanisavljevic. "Use of geometric morphometrics to differentiate selected lines of Carniolan honeybees (Apis mellifera carnica) in Serbia and Montenegro." Archives of Biological Sciences 67, no. 3 (2015): 929–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs140224054r.

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In a selection of honeybees from autochthonous ecotypes, different lines must be identified. Honeybee lineages are usually distinguished by classical morphometrics and molecular markers, but these approaches are both costly and time-consuming to implement. Recognition of the purity of races is very important for regional and country regulations to allow a sustainable conservation of the huge variety of local honeybees. A geometric morphometric approach has been frequently used. In this work, honeybee samples were collected from stationary apiaries (belonging to the centers for honeybee queen selection) from two different Serbian areas: Vrsac (northeastern Serbia, mostly flatland) and Vranje (southern Serbia, mostly mountainous), and two different Montenegrin areas: Bijelo Polje (northern Montenegro, mountainous region) and Sutomore (southern Montenegro, coastal region). Each sample consisted of 150 honeybee workers, collected from 10 hives (15 specimens each). On the honeybee left forewings, a total of 19 vein intersections were used to determine the differences among the honeybees using MorphoJ 1.4a software. Canonical variate analysis (CVA) slightly separated the honeybee lines into one overlapping cloud of specimens at the individual level. The first canonical variable (60.57% of the total variability) discriminated mainly between Bijelo Polje and Sutomore honeybee lines. Therefore, on the colony level, CVA separated all four groups of breeding honeybee lines. The results show that geometric morphometrics are reliable in the discrimination of honeybee lines within subspecies only at the colony level.

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Chiari, Wainer César, Vagner de Alencar Arnaut de Toledo, Maria Claudia Colla Ruvolo-Takasusuki, Arildo José Braz de Oliveira, Eduardo Shiguero Sakaguti, Valeria Maria Attencia, Fabiana Martins Costa, and Marina Hitomi Mitsui. "Pollination of soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) by honeybees (Apis mellifera L.)." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 48, no. 1 (January 2005): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132005000100005.

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This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of the honeybee pollination in the production and quality of soybean seeds (Glycine max L. Merril). Seed production was higher (P=0.0001) in covered areas with honeybee colonies (50.64%) and uncovered areas (57.73%) than in covered areas without honeybee colonies. It could be concluded that honeybees were responsible for 95.5% of the pollination accomplished by insects. The pod number in covered treatment with honeybees was 61.38% higher (P=0.0002) than in the covered treatment without honeybees. The average weight of 100 seeds was larger (P=0.0001) in the area covered without honeybees, and reached 17.8 g. The medium content of crude protein in grains was 36.7% and the average oil content was 20.2%. The germination test did not show differences (P>0.05) among the seeds in different treatments. It was concluded that the honeybee pollination in the soybean increased the seeds production.

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Kasangaki, Patrice, Gideon N. Nyamasyo, Paul N. Ndegwa, Christopher Angiro, and Robert Kajobe. "Apis mellifera adansonii Is the Most Defensive Honeybee in Uganda." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2018 (June 21, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4079587.

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Honeybee defensive behaviour is an important trait for selection of honeybees for breeding programs. We evaluated the variation in honeybee defensive behaviour with environmental factors and hive conditions. Factors such as the difference in the agro-ecological zones, colony strength, mean elevation, type of bee hive used, and the vegetation cover were considered. The number of honeybees attacking the researchers’ protective gear within one minute of disturbance was recorded per colony and analyzed. Apis m. adansonii was found to be the most defensive. Variations in the agro-ecological zones, colony strength, and mean elevation were found to significantly influence the defensive behaviour of the honeybees. Honeybee colonies in the Mid North AEZ were the most defensive. The type of bee hive and vegetation cover did not have any influence on the defensive behaviour. From this study, we suggest that selection of honeybees that are less defensive for breeding programs should consider A. m. scutellata and honeybee colonies from West Nile and Southern Highland AEZs at higher elevations.

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Kim, Dae Yoon, Soohyun Maeng, Sung-Jin Cho, Hui Jin Park, Kyungsu Kim, Jae Kwon Lee, and Sathiyaraj Srinivasan. "The Ascosphaera apis Infection (Chalkbrood Disease) Alters the Gut Bacteriome Composition of the Honeybee." Pathogens 12, no. 5 (May 19, 2023): 734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12050734.

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The declining honeybee populations are a significant risk to the productivity and security of agriculture worldwide. Although there are many causes of these declines, parasites are a significant one. Disease glitches in honeybees have been identified in recent years and increasing attention has been paid to addressing the issue. Between 30% and 40% of all managed honeybee colonies in the USA have perished annually over the past few years. American foulbrood (AFB) and European foulbrood (EFB) have been reported as bacterial diseases, Nosema as a protozoan disease, and Chalkbrood and Stonebrood as fungal diseases. The study aims to compare the bacterial community related to the Nosema ceranae and Ascosphaera apis infection on the gut of the honeybee and compare it with the weakly active honeybees. The Nosema-infected honeybees contain the phyla Proteobacteria as the significantly dominant bacterial phyla, similar to the weakly active honeybees. In contrast, the Ascosphaera (Chalkbrood) infected honeybee contains large amounts of Firmicutes rather than Proteobacteria.

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Alatawy, Marfat, Sanaa G. Al-Attas, Ahmad I. Assagaf, Rashad R. Al-Hindi, Khalid M. Alghamdi, Jazem A. Mahyoub, Alshehri D, et al. "Gut Microbiome of Two Different Honeybee Workers Subspecies In Saudi Arabia." Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 17, no. 4 (January 15, 2021): 659–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/2870.

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Honeybees play a vital role in the world’s food supply by acting as essential pollinators in the agricultural fields. Interestingly, more than one third of the world’s essential crops are honeybee’s dependant. The adult honeybeeworkers harbour a simple specific bacterial spectrum in their guts with vital role in bees’ health. Gut microbial diversity of adult honeybee workerswasstudied through targeting the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rRNA geneviaIllumina MiSeq. The study identified four phyla of the gut microbiomesinadult workersof the two-honeybee subspecies A.m. jemeniticaandA.m. carnica. The most abundant phylum in microbiome of A.m. jemeniticawasFirmicutes (48%), while Protobacteria and Actinobacteriaphylawere less abundantat figures of31% and 10%, respectively. In microbiome of A.m. carnica,Firmicutes (57%) was also the most dominant phylum, while Protobacteria and Actinobacteria had lower prevalence at figures of 31% and 10%, respectively. At genus level, adult honeybee workers harboured a number ofLactobacillus spp.in their guts with relative abundance of 80% in A.m. jemeniticaworkers compared to52%forA.m. carnicaworkers.Up toour knowledge, this is the first study of its kind on gut microbiome diversity inhoneybee workersof different origins conducted in Saudi Arabia using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology. The results indicatedthat the variability inmonophyletic origin of host of honeybee workers affectedgut microbiota composition.

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Asem Surindro Singh and Machathoibi Takhellambam Chanu. "Combined role of immediate early genes Egr-1, Hr-38 and Kakusei in the foraging behavior and learning in honeybees." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 16, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 458–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.2.1169.

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The foraging behavior of honeybees is one of the most systematically composed behaviors among social insects which are admirable to watch. The main purpose of honeybee foraging is to collect food for their colony and since ancient days honeybee products have been used for various medicinal purposes (Singh and Takhellambam, 2021) (1). During foraging, honeybees gather information and transmit to their colony members regarding the location, distance, and profitability of forage sites with the help of unique movements called waggle dance. The capacities of honeybees’ time memory enable the foragers to return to a good food source in anticipation of the time of day. This highly intellectual, dynamic, and well-coordinated behavior of honeybees makes them to be one of the best choices of behavioral model to study various aspects of dynamic behaviors. As a result, vast knowledge in honeybee behavior has been accumulated and several recent studies immerge towards finding the underpinning regulatory biology of honeybee foraging behaviors. Immediate early genes (IE) genes are well documented neural markers and their promising roles in honeybee foraging have been demonstrated. Two of our recent studies showed three IE genes Egr-1, Hr-38 and Kakusei involvement during the daily foraging of honeybees. This finding has provided an avenue to further explore and identify the regulatory genes/proteins and neurons that underlie a specific behavior such as learning, memory, communication, and interaction etc. In this study we further analyze our previous published data to examine interaction of the three genes during the daily foraging of honeybees.

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Bazhaw, Taryn, David Drake, Johanna Delgado-Acevedo, and Derald A. Harp. "Factors Influencing Honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) Visits to Crepe Myrtle (Lagerstroemia sp.)." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 39, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-39.4.143.

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Abstract Honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) are important pollinators and will selectively forage on crepe myrtle (CM) during the summer months. Unfortunately, CM pollen can become contaminated with pesticides used to control insects, especially crepe myrtle bark scale (Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae Kuwana). An experiment was conducted in July and August of 2019 and 2020 to compare honeybee visits to CM among four cultivars (‘Natchez', ‘Tuscarora', ‘Ebony Fire', and ‘Pocomoke') at an isolated location, and within a single cultivar series (Ebony) near other pollinator-friendly plants. ‘Natchez' had the most honeybee visits per tree, averaging 1.4 visits per 75 seconds per tree per day in 2019 and 1.2 visits per 75 seconds per tree per day in 2020, followed by ‘Tuscarora' with 0.8 and 0.4 honeybee visits per 75 seconds per tree per day, in 2019 and 2020, respectively. In 2020, there was a significant, moderate correlation (P< 0.001, r = 0.51) between bloom number and honeybee visits, with ‘Natchez' (158.9) and ‘Tuscarora' (148.2) having more average blooms per tree than ‘Ebony Fire' (35.6) and ‘Pocomoke' (35.7). Landscape environment and proximity to pollinator-friendly plants did not affect honeybee visits. CM are an important foraging resource for honeybees in the summer, and honeybees have a strong preference for cultivars with large, productive bloom clusters. Index words: pollinators, crepe myrtle bark scale, Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae, crepe myrtle Species used in this study: Crepe myrtle, Lagerstroemia indica L.; Lagerstroemia × faurei; Honeybee, Apis mellifera L.; American bumblebee, Bombus pensylvanicus De Geer.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Honeybee"

Veerkamp, Honna M. "Honeybee Collectives." OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1671.

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This paper contextualizes my MFA thesis exhibition Honeybee Collectives, exploring the themes of affective interspecies relationships, human community building, expanded cinema, and socially engaged art. Honeybee Collectives is a site-specific multimedia installation about honeybees and communities that includes documentation of my first year as a beekeeper, sculpture, food, and interactive performance. This paper interweaves details about the exhibition with facts about honeybee biology, behavior, and folklore and reflections about my personal background with anti-hierarchical feminist organizing and collaboration.

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Wu, Judy Yu. "Sub-lethal effects of pesticide residues in brood comb on worker honey bees (Apis mellifera L.)." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2010/j_wu_042110.pdf.

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Ellis, Michael B. "Homeostasis : humidity and water relations in honeybee colonies (Apis mellifera)." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10022009-135223/.

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Hanekom, Marc C. "The effect of brood and queen pheromones, as well as the colony environment, in the success of Apis mellifera capensis social parasites." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/426.

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Alhamlan, Fatimah S. "Evidence for genetic differences in the Africanized honey bee populations of South and North America." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2007/f_alhamlan_052207.pdf.

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Smart, Matthew Dixon. "Distribution of microsporidia, Nosema spp., and co-infection with acarine parasites in Pacific Northwest honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2010/m_smart_060310.pdf.

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Jones, Georgina Elizabeth. "The mandibular gland secretions of the Cape honeybee (Apis mellifera capensis ESCH.) : factors affecting the production of the chemical signal and implications for further development of beekeeping in South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005416.

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The chemical composition of the mandibular gland extracts of Apis mellifera capensis virgin queens was analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Thirty-seven compounds from various chemical groups including aliphatic and aromatic acids and diacids, phenols, alkanes, amino acids and sugars were identified. Among the identified compounds were the queen mandibular pheromone components 9ODA, 9HDA, HVA and HOB and the other aliphatic acids and phenols considered to be the major components of A.m. capensis mandibular glands. Ontogenetic changes in the concentration of the mandibular gland secretions of virgin queens were largely quantitative in nature with the total volume and that of most of the compounds increasing with queen age. The final level of 9ODA is reached at the premating stage, approximately three days after emergence, when it comprises approximately 87% of the major constituents of the mandibular gland signal. Hostile reactions by workers towards introduced virgin queens can be correlated to the relative proportion of 9ODA present in the mandibular gland secretions. This seems to indicate that it is the complete spectrum of the signal and not individual compounds that determine worker reaction towards introduced queens. Keeping queens singly, with or without workers, in an incubator and in small mating nucleus hives proved to be the most successful methods of queen rearing in respect to survival rate in A.m. capensis. The presence of workers during the ageing of virgin queens was found to significantly affect the chemical composition of the mandibular gland secretions of queens. The reaction of workers towards introduced virgin queens reared under different holding conditions varied, with queens reared with workers eliciting significantly less hostile reactions from workers than those reared without workers. Mated queens from five localities in the Eastern Cape were characterised on the basis of the chemical composition of their mandibular gland secretions and the ratio of 9ODA:10HDA. No significant differences were detected and none of the queens sampled could be considered to be A.m. capensis based on their mandibular gland signal. The findings of this study provide baseline data for the development of a queen-rearing program tailored to the specific requirements of A.m. capensis.

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Muerrle, Thomas Martin. "Queens, pseudoqueens and laying workers reproductive competition in the Cape Honeybee (Apis mellifera capensis Eschscholtz)." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005437.

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In honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) the queen monopolises reproduction. However, especially after queen loss, workers can lay eggs, but are unable to mate. They produce haploid male offspring (drones) from unfertilised eggs via arrhenotokous parthenogenesis. In contrast, workers of the honeybee subspecies Apis mellifera capensis Eschscholtz typically produce diploid female offspring from unfertilised eggs thelytokously. After queen loss and without queen-derived brood A. m. capensis colonies can successfully requeen from worker-derived brood. This, however, is a relatively rare event in wild populations. Moreover, workerderived queens were described to be smaller, more worker-like and reproductively inferior. On the other hand, the fixation of the thelytokous trait relies mainly on sufficient numbers of viable drones produced by worker-derived queens. Small numbers of reproductively inferior worker-derived queens in A. m. capensis populations would be clearly counterintuitive. It is therefore necessary to quantify the significance of worker-dependant queen rearing pathways on the individual (queen) and on population level.Reproductive inferiority of worker-derived queens could not be confirmed on the individual (queen) level when comparing parameters indicating potential reproductive success of queen- and worker-derived queens. Queen- and worker-derived queens clearly showed a congruent range of reproductive performance. In queen rearing preference tests, increased acceptance of worker-derived female larvae was exactly counterbalanced by increased mortality, resulting in an equal number of eclosing virgin queens from an equal number of grafts in both test groups. Larval survival and successful eclosion is a prerequisite for a queen’s reproductive success. I found no difference in eclosion success for queen- and worker-derived virgin queens, indicating a similar potential for reproductive success in both queen types. Assessments of the developmental patterns of colonies headed by both queen and worker-derived queens in long-term experiments revealed no significant differences in reproductive success. Colonies headed by queen-derived queens and colonies headed by worker-derived queens could not be separated when comparing the different developmental pathways observed or from differences in worker-force. Reproductive dominance in A. m. capensis appeared tobe determined by a function of relative compositional and absolute quantitative pheromonal patterns, where individuals, which produce compositionally most queen-like blends in highest quantities, occupy top positions. Queen- and worker-derived virgin queens occupied intermediate positions between pseudoqueens and mated queens. However, no significant differences between the pheromonal status of queen- and worker-derived virgin queens were observed, suggesting a similar range of reproductive dominance for both queen types. In behavioural bioassays queen- and worker-derived virgin queens appeared to be similarly attractive to clustering workers and to drones in a drone congregation area, indicating no differences in potential reproductive success for queens from both origins for those parameters. The significant influence of the queen substance 9-ODA on attractiveness to workers and drones was confirmed. Rare requeening events from worker-derived female brood in queenless A.m. capensis do not satisfactorily explain the fixation of the thelytokous trait at a population level. I observed A. m. capensis worker ovipositing into empty artificial queen cell cups in queen-right colonies. The queen was confined behind a queen excluder grid in a separate compartment of the colony, to imitate reduced pheromonal flow, similar to swarming or superseding colonies. Eggs oviposited by workers in artificial queen cell cups were readily accepted for queen rearing and successful eclosion of viable virgin queens was observed. Consequently I suggested an alternative worker-dependant reproductive pathway in A. m. capensis, which was never described before: In swarming or superseding queenright colonies, laying workers may directly compete with the queen for reproductive success by ovipositing (instead of the queen) into natural queen cell cups. At a population level this reproductive tactic may result in large numbers of worker-derived queens of high reproductive quality in natural populations of A. m. capensis.

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Mohammed, Nuru Adgaba. "Geographical races of the honeybees (Apis Mellifera L.) of the Northern regions of Ethiopia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007671.

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The ideal climatic conditions and diversity of floral resources allow Ethiopia to sustain millions of honeybee colonies. Beekeeping is widely practiced and plays a significant role in the livelihood of the farming community of the country. Despite this, information on the types of geographical races of honeybees, their behavioural characters and the related ecological factors are not established. In this work an attempt was made to characterise the honeybee populations of the northern parts of Ethiopia based on the analyses of morphological, behavioural and ecological characteristics. For morphological analysis, 155 honeybee colony samples from 31 localities were collected. 20 worker honeybees per colony sample totalled 3100 individual worker honeybees and thirteen morphological characters per bee, a total of 40 300 measurements were recorded following Ruttner's (1988) protocols. The behavioural characters such as reproductive swarming, migration, temperament and colony seasonal cycles were assessed based on survey work of a pre-structured questionnaire. Various univariate and multivariate statistical methods were employed to analyse the data. The principal components and step-wise linear discriminant analyses revealed the existence of four discrete morphoclusters or geographical races: A. m. jemenitica from eastern, northwestern and northern arid and semi-arid lowlands, A. m. scutellata from the western humid midlands, A. m. bandasii from sub-moist central highlands and A. m. monticola from the northern mountainous parts of the study areas. These different geographical races were found to be distinctively distributed in the different ecological parts of the study area. High intercolonial and intracolonial variances were observed in all localities, however particularly high values were obtained in areas of transitions between ecological zones indicating a region of gene flow or zones of hybridisation among the statistically defined populations. Such high variances were observed mostly in areas where A. m. jemenitica borders the other geographical races. Moreover. distinct behavioural variations were also noted among these geographical races. Generally. the highland and mountainous honeybees A. m. bandasii and A. m. monticola are relatively larger in body size. have less tendency to swarm. less inclination to migrate and are relatively gentle while the converse traits were noted for the lowlands and midlands honeybees A. m. jemenitica and A. m. scutellata. Both morphological and behavioural variations were highly correlated with environmental factors and the variations seem to be the result of long adaptation to the interrelated ecological factors in their respective areas. Variations in reproductive swarming periods were also noted among these honeybee populations as a result of variations in rainfall pattern. altitude and temperature in their respective ecological areas which are believed to alter the honeybee colonies' seasonal cycles and leads to partial temporal reproductive isolation among these different honeybee populations.

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Pirk, Christian Walter Werner. "Reproductive conflicts in honeybee colonies." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005443.

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In advanced eusocial hymenopteran societies workers have ovaries and can lay eggs, but are unable to mate. Workers are more related to their own offspring than to every other member of the colony. So worker reproduction contains both worker-worker and worker-queen conflict. The queen- worker conflict is discussed elsewhere, but if the queen mates with more than two males, worker policing should be selected to lower potential conflicts. However in the Cape honeybee it was predicted that worker policing is absent or less expressed than in other honeybee subspecies, because workers produce female offspring thelytokously. So laying workers and their offspring are nearly genetically identical, which results in the fact that other workers are as related to workers derived from eggs laid by the queen as laid by a worker. However, worker reproduction may be costly and therefore worker policing could be an evolutionary adaptation in the Cape honeybee to lower the costs derived from laying worker activity. Indeed, Cape honeybee colonies show efficient egg removal behaviour, suggesting that other factors like colony efficiency could favour egg removal behaviour. Since egg removal behaviour is a colony phenomenon, factors that affect colony performance could also affect egg removal behaviour. Egg removal behaviour was considerably affected by environmental changes, indicating that other tasks have a higher priority than egg removal behaviour. Thousands of queenright colonies of the neighbouring subspecies (A. m. scutellata) were taken over by laying A. m. capensis workers, showing that A. m. capensis workers are facultative social parasites. These observations strongly indicate that laying workers of A. m. capensis are able to evade worker policing and the inhibitory effects of the queen pheromones, but what potential strategies could these laying workers use to increase the survival of their eggs and evade the queen? On the one hand, egg removal behaviour is variable. One behavioural strategy of laying workers to achieve successful reproduction could be that they lay during periods with low egg removal behaviour. On the other hand, the inhibitory effect of the queen’s pheromones diminishes with distance. Maybe the level of egg removal also depends, like the inhibitory effect of the queen pheromones, on the distance from the queen. Indeed, further away from the queen the effect of the queen pheromone and the level of egg removal is reduced, making successful worker reproduction possible. In both subspecies, A. m. capensis and A. m. scutellata, egg removal behaviour is reduced further away from the queen. In the case of A. m. scutellata egg removal is lacking further away from the queen. This explains why colonies of scutellata are so prone to takeovers by laying Cape honeybee workers. One question in the context of parasitic Cape honeybees is how they manage to get into the host colony. One way could be that they get into the colonies during a natural colony merger which is common in African bees. Two unrelated colonies merged and it took them only 24 hours to show effective integration. Because both colonies are unrelated, the potential reproductive conflict among workers should be more strongly expressed than in a normal colony, which is not the result of a merger. Therefore, the effect of nestmate recognition for eggs on the egg removal behaviour was investigated. The results suggest that workers recognise the origin of an egg and that the standard policing experiments overestimate the level of egg removal and only represent relative values. Moreover, the results show that colony specific components on the eggs are more important than a postulated queen egg marking pheromone. Finally, for the first time empirical evidence from a population of the parasitic laying Cape honeybee workers, invading thousands of colonies of A. m. scutellata in northern South Africa, for a short-sighted selection theory is presented.

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Книги з теми "Honeybee"

Paice, Shirley. Honeybee. Aylesbury: Ginn, 1994.

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Jim, Channell, ed. Honeybee. Aylesbury: Ginn, 1994.

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Hepburn, H. R., C. W. W. Pirk, and O. Duangphakdee. Honeybee Nests. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54328-9.

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ill, Arsenault Isabelle 1978, ed. The honeybee. New York: Atheneum, 2018.

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Waters, Erica-Jane. Heather Honeybee. New York: Sandy Creek, 2009.

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ill, Anglicas Louise, ed. Honeybee hills. Vero Beach, Florida: Rourke Educational Media, 2013.

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ill, Kuribayashi Satoshi 1939, ed. The honeybee. Milwaukee: Raintree Publishers, 1986.

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Nargi, Lela. The Honeybee Man. New York: Schwartz & Wade Books, 2011.

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Warner, Gertrude Chandler. The Honeybee Mystery. Morton Grove, IL: Albert Whitman & Company, 2000.

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Sparky, Moore, and Kleven Dean, eds. Pooh's honeybee Easter. Lincolnwood, Ill: Publications International, 2002.

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Частини книг з теми "Honeybee"

Reddy, Narendra, and Yiqi Yang. "Honeybee Silks." In Innovative Biofibers from Renewable Resources, 201–3. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45136-6_44.

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Erber, Joachim. "Honeybee Learning." In Comparative Neuroscience and Neurobiology, 47. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6776-3_19.

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Erber, Joachim. "Honeybee Learning." In Learning and Memory, 31. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6778-7_12.

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Pahl, Mario, Jürgen Tautz, and Shaowu Zhang. "Honeybee cognition." In Animal Behaviour: Evolution and Mechanisms, 87–120. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02624-9_4.

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Si, Aung. "Honeybee Lore." In The Traditional Ecological Knowledge of the Solega, 197–226. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24681-9_7.

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Tankersley, Michael S. "Honeybee Allergy." In Encyclopedia of Medical Immunology, 365–68. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9194-1_226.

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Hepburn, H. R., C. W. W. Pirk, and O. Duangphakdee. "General Introduction." In Honeybee Nests, 1–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54328-9_1.

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Hepburn, H. R., C. W. W. Pirk, and O. Duangphakdee. "Construction of Combs." In Honeybee Nests, 207–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54328-9_10.

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Hepburn, H. R., C. W. W. Pirk, and O. Duangphakdee. "Energetics of Honey/Beeswax Conversion." In Honeybee Nests, 223–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54328-9_11.

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Hepburn, H. R., C. W. W. Pirk, and O. Duangphakdee. "Construction of Cells." In Honeybee Nests, 237–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54328-9_12.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Honeybee"

Klaudiny, Jaroslav, Katarína Bachanová, Štefan Albert, Lenka Halgašová, Mária Dzúrová, and Ján Kopernický. "Honeybee defensins: their characterization and studies of their expression in honeybee colonies." In XIth Conference Biologically Active Peptides. Prague: Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/css200911059.

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Eun Park, Sieun, Hyun Yoe, and Meong Hun Lee. "A Study of Honeybee-Guided Drones to Mitigate Damage from Honeybee Disappearance." In 2023 Congress in Computer Science, Computer Engineering, & Applied Computing (CSCE). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csce60160.2023.00278.

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Landgraf, T., M. Oertel, D. Rhiel, and R. Rojas. "A biomimetic honeybee robot for the analysis of the honeybee dance communication system." In 2010 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros.2010.5650930.

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Ferguson, Rama, Brody Voth, Zachary di Giovanni, Diego Felix de Almeida, and Michal Aibin. "Honeybee Algorithm for Content Delivery Networks." In 2020 IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccece47787.2020.9255719.

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Li, Jinchao, Sheng-Yuan Tu, and Ali H. Sayed. "Honeybee swarming behavior using diffusion adaptation." In 2011 Digital Signal Processing and Signal Processing Education Meeting (DSP/SPE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dsp-spe.2011.5739220.

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Marshall, James. "Computational Modelling of the Honeybee Brain." In University of Sheffield Engineering Symposium. USES, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15445/01022014.18.

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Pablo, Ñañez,. "Honeybee Social Foraging for Urban Traffic Control." In Control in Transportation Systems, edited by Chassiakos, Anastasios, chair De Schutter, and Ioannou, Petros. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20090902-3-us-2007.00089.

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Wang, Shunfei, Ling Shen, Xiaozhe Liu, and Huailin Liao. "A wearable backpack chip for honeybee biorobot." In 2016 China Semiconductor Technology International Conference (CSTIC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cstic.2016.7463917.

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Randles, Martin, David Lamb, and A. Taleb-Bendiab. "Experiments with Honeybee Foraging Inspired Load Balancing." In 2009 Second International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering (DESE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dese.2009.19.

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Luneckas, Tomas, Mindaugas Luneckas, Ziad Salem, Martina Szopek, and Thomas Schmickl. "Convolutional Neural Network for Honeybee Density Estimation." In 2020 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssci47803.2020.9308169.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Honeybee"

Soroker, V., and N. C. Rueppell. acterization of the architecture of hygienic behavior of honeybees to enable breeding for improved honeybee health. Israel: United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2021.8134169.bard.

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High honeybee colony losses in the last decade have raised the scientific efforts to determine and mitigate the causes of declining honeybee health. Although honeybees are exposed to a variety of stressors, infestation by the ectoparasitic mite (Varroa destructor) and the viruses it vectors are considered to be the most significant biological problem of A. mellifera worldwide. Management of viral diseases is problematic and mainly focuses on control of Varroa. Current Varroa control suffers from the evolution mite resistance, negative effects on bees and bee products, and other inefficiencies and impracticalities. This situation necessitates the development of an integrated strategy for Varroa pest management. Breeding honeybee stocks that are resistant to mites is an essential part of any sustainable long-term control of Varroa. We have focused our study on the behavioral trait of worker hygienic behavior that has been described as a social colony defense mechanism against Varroa and some other brood diseases. The main original objectives of our proposal were: 1) Characterize the phenotypic architecture of the hygienic behavior and its cost (age and intensity of uncapping, removal, recapping, higher sensitivity of workers, stronger signaling by the brood, as well as the age of first foraging, longevity, and individual immunity of workers, and colony level of Varroa and viruses); 2) Determine patterns of inheritance of the key aspects of hygienic behavior by phenotyping of multiple crosses over several generations and reciprocal crosses; 3) Identify a robust core marker set for hygienic behavior by comparative transcriptomic analyses and QTL mapping of the hygienic trait; 4) Verify the core marker set in study of the general honeybee population to associate marker genotypes with hygienic performance; 5) Test the colony-level outcomes of introgressing hygienic-selection lines under field conditions into locally adapted populations. During the course of the project, we conducted a number of field experiments in our research apiaries and with beekeepers at different sites in Israel.

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Lensky, Yaacov, H. Shimanuki, Uri Gerson, Elton W. Herbert, Jr., Yeshayahu Stern, and Mercedes Delfinado-Baker. Varroa Mite-Honeybee Interactions under Subtropical Conditions. United States Department of Agriculture, December 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1986.7566863.bard.

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Connolly, Christopher, and John Durkacz. Honeybee colony losses and threats in Scotland. (2012-2017). University of Dundee, October 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/10000106.

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Partap, U., S. Hussain, E. Hussain, M. Inayatullah, M. B. Gurung, I. Muhammad, and G. M. Shah. Honeybee Pollination and Apple Yields in Chitral, Pakistan; ICIMOD Working Paper 2017/19. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.670.

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Chejanovsky, Nor, Diana Cox-Foster, Victoria Soroker, and Ron Ophir. Honeybee modulation of infection with the Israeli acute paralysis virus, in asymptomatic, acutely infected and CCD colonies. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7594392.bard.

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Honey bee (Apis mellifera) colony losses pose a severe risk to the food chain. The IAPV (Israeli acute paralysis virus) was correlated with CCD, a particular case of colony collapse. Honey bees severely infected with IAPV show shivering wings that progress to paralysis and subsequent death. Bee viruses, including IAPV, are widely present in honey bee colonies but often there are no pathological symptoms. Infestation of the beehive with Varroa mites or exposure to stress factors leads to significant increase in viral titers and fatal infections. We hypothesized that the honey bee is regulating/controlling IAPV and viral infections in asymptomatic infections and this control is broken through "stress" leading to acute infections and/or CCD. Our aims were: 1. To discover genetic changes in IAPV that may affect tissue tropism in the host, and/or virus infectivity and pathogenicity. 2. To elucidate mechanisms used by the host to regulate/ manage the IAPV-infection in vivo and in vitro. To achieve the above objectives we first studied stress-induced virus activation. Our data indicated that some pesticides, including myclobutanil, chlorothalonil and fluvalinate, result in amplified viral titers when bees are exposed at sub lethal levels by a single feeding. Analysis of the level of immune-related bee genes indicated that CCD-colonies exhibit altered and weaker immune responses than healthy colonies. Given the important role of viral RNA interference (RNAi) in combating viral infections we investigated if CCD-colonies were able to elicit this particular antiviral response. Deep-sequencing analysis of samples from CCD-colonies from US and Israel revealed high frequency of small interfering RNAs (siRNA) perfectly matching IAPV, Kashmir bee virus and Deformed wing virus genomes. Israeli colonies showed high titers of IAPV and a conserved RNAi pattern of targeting the viral genome .Our findings were further supported by analysis of samples from colonies experimentally infected with IAPV. Following for the first time the dynamics of IAPV infection in a group of CCD colonies that we rescued from collapse, we found that IAPV conserves its potential to act as one lethal, infectious factor and that its continuous replication in CCD colonies deeply affects their health and survival. Ours is the first report on the dominant role of IAPV in CCD-colonies outside from the US under natural conditions. We concluded that CCD-colonies do exhibit a regular siRNA response that is specific against predominant viruses associated with colony losses and other immune pathways may account for their weak immune response towards virus infection. Our findings: 1. Reveal that preventive measures should be taken by the beekeepers to avoid insecticide-based stress induction of viral infections as well as to manage CCD colonies as a source of highly infectious viruses such as IAPV. 2. Contribute to identify honey bee mechanisms involved in managing viral infections.

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Partap, U., D. P. Sharma, G. Sharma, K. S. Gaira, G. Rasul, and E. Sharma. The Indigenous Honeybee, Apis cerana â€“ A Pollen Robber or Pollinator of Large Cardamom?; ICIMOD Working Paper 2017/8. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.697.

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Verma, L. R. Honeybees In Mountain Agriculture. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.114.

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Verma, L. R. Honeybees In Mountain Agriculture. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.114.

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