Готові списки джерел за темами / Hierarchy structure

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Hierarchy structure"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Hierarchy structure"

Hawthorne, F. C. "The structure hierarchy hypothesis." Mineralogical Magazine 78, no. 4 (August 2014): 957–1027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2014.078.4.13.

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AbstractThe structure hierarchy hypothesis states that structures may be ordered hierarchically according to the polymerization of coordination polyhedra of higher bond valence. A mathematical hierarchy is an ordered set of elements where the ordering reflects a natural hierarchical relation between (or arrangement of) the elements. Here, I review the structure hierarchies for the borate, uranyl oxide, phosphate, sulfate, beryllate and oxide-centred Cu, Pb and Hg minerals (plus synthetics where appropriate). Structure hierarchies have two functions: (1) they serve to organize our knowledge of minerals (crystal structures) in a coherent manner; (2) if the basis of the classification involves factors that are related to the mechanistic details of the stability and behaviour of minerals, then the physical, chemical and paragenetic characteristics of minerals should arise as natural consequences of their crystal structures and the interaction of those structures with the environment in which they occur. We may justify the structure hierarchy hypothesis by considering a hypothetical structure-building process whereby higher bond-valence polyhedra polymerize to form the structural unit. The clusters constituting the FBBs (fundamental building blocks) may polymerize to form the following types of structural unit: (1) isolated polyhedra; (2) clusters; (3) chains and ribbons; (4) sheets; and (5) frameworks. The major advantage of this approach to structure hierarchy is the fact that the hypothetical structure-building process outlined above resembles (our ideas of) crystallization from an aqueous solution, whereby complexes in aqueous and hydrothermal solutions condense to form crystal structures, or fragments of linked polyhedra in a magma condense to form a crystal. Although our knowledge of these processes is rather vague from a mechanistic perspective, the foundations of the structure hypothesis give us a framework within which to think about the processes of crystallization and dissolution.

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Chase, Ivan D. "Explanations of hierarchy structure." Animal Behaviour 34, no. 4 (August 1986): 1265–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-3472(86)80188-9.

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Camussi, R., and R. Benzi. "Hierarchy of transverse structure functions." Physics of Fluids 9, no. 2 (February 1997): 257–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.869144.

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Dibben, Nicola. "The Cognitive Reality of Hierarchic Structure in Tonal and Atonal Music." Music Perception 12, no. 1 (1994): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40285753.

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Three experiments that form an empirical basis for discussing the cognitive reality of hierarchic structure in music are reported. The first experiment showed evidence of listeners' ability to match a performed reduction of an extract of tonal music to the piece of music from which it was derived. A second experiment showed that this choice of reduction could not be attributed to the relative " coherence" of reductions. These two experiments provide evidence for the internal representation of tonal music in terms of a hierarchy of events such as that proposed by Lerdahl and Jackendoff ( 1983). In a third experiment using atonal music, subjects were less successful in choosing as the best reduction that which resembled the extract at higher levels of the structural hierarchy. Thus there is no evidence for the perception of a hierarchy of events in atonal music of the sort proposed by Lerdahl (1989). This empirical work therefore suggests that whereas the tonal system allows events within a tonal work to be heard within a strict hierarchy, no such hierarchy exists for atonal music. This finding has two main implications. First, a new conception of the term "prolongation" is needed if it is to apply to atonal music. The lack of a pitch hierarchy means that atonal events are unable to "stand for" other events in the way that tonal events are, and it is this action of standing for that allows prolongation to occur. Second, if as this research suggests, atonal music is not perceived in terms of a hierarchic structure, then another approach may be to investigate associational properties of the music and the role that these play in the formation of a structural representation.

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DEPIREUX, DIDIER A. "A NOTE ON THE KP HIERARCHY." Modern Physics Letters A 07, no. 20 (June 28, 1992): 1825–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732392001531.

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Given the two boson representation of the conformal algebra Ŵ∞, the second Hamiltonian structure of the KP hierarchy, I construct a bi-Hamiltonian hierarchy for the two associated currents. The KP hierarchy appears as a composite of this new and simpler system. The bi-Hamiltonian structure of the new hierarchy gives naturally all the Hamiltonian structures of the KP system.

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Hughes, Holly L. "Metropolitan Structure and the Suburban Hierarchy." American Sociological Review 58, no. 3 (June 1993): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2095909.

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Berezovsky, Igor N., Vladimir A. Namiot, Vladimir G. Tumanyan, and Natalia G. Esipova. "Towards hierarchy of protein domain structure." Biochemical Society Transactions 28, no. 5 (October 1, 2000): A457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst028a457c.

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Sawyer, Linda C. "Structure hierarchy in liquid crystalline polymers." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (August 1992): 1030–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100129784.

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Structure models have been developed for the liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs), showing the existence of fibrillar hierarchies for both the lyotropic aramids and the thermotropic aromatic copolyesters. Hierarchies of structure have also been observed for biological materials. The nature of the smallest nanostructure that aggregates, typically microfibrils, and their interaction, are important in understanding the behavior of the material. This paper discusses the first application of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) to image the microfibrils in LCPs, in the 1-10 nm size range, resulting in a new LCP structural model.The structure model proposed earlier, was based on the study of Vectra® thermotropic LCP moldings and extrudates, and Vectran® and Kevlar® fibers. The model resulted from characterization by light microscopy, and transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Recent studies of similar fibers by STM and low voltage FESEM has provided additional insights. Details of single microfibrils and their aggregation into fibrils and macrofibrils was shown.

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Puhalla, Dennis M. "Perceiving hierarchy through intrinsic color structure." Visual Communication 7, no. 2 (May 2008): 199–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470357208088759.

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Baertsch, Karen, and Stuart Davis. "split margin approach to syllable structure." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 32 (January 1, 2003): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.32.2003.183.

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In this paper we focus on the similarities tying together the second segment of an onset cluster and a singleton coda segment. We offer a proposal based on Baertsch (2002) accounting for this similarity and show how it captures a number of observations which have defied previous explanation. In accounting for the similarity of patterning between the second member of an onset and a coda consonant, we propose to augment Prince & Smolensky's (P&S, 1993/2002) Margin Hierarchy so as to distinguish between structural positions that prefer low sonority and those that prefer high sonority. P&S's Margin Hierarchy, which gives preference to segments of low sonority, applies to singleton onsets; this is our M1 hierarchy. Our proposed M2 hierarchy applies both to the second member of an onset and to a singleton coda. The M2 hierarchy differs from the M1 hierarchy in giving preference to consonants of high sonority. Splitting the Margin Hierarchy into the M1 and M2 hierarchies allows us to explain typological, phonotactic, and acquisitional observations that have defied previous explanation. In Section 2 of this paper, we briefly provide background on the links that tie together the second member of an onset and a singleton coda. In Section 3, we review P&S's Margin Hierarchy, showing that it becomes problematic when extended to coda consonants. We then offer our proposal for a split margin hierarchy. Section 4 extends the split margin approach to complex onsets. We then show how it is able to account for various typological, phonotactic, and acquisitional observations. In Section 5, we will conclude the paper by briefly sketching how the split margin approach enables us to analyze syllable contact phenomena without requiring a specific syllable contact constraint (or additional hierarchy) or reference to an external sonority scale.

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Дисертації з теми "Hierarchy structure"

Braud, Laurent. "The structure of orders in the pushdown hierarchy." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00587409.

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Cette thèse étudie les structures dont la théorie au second ordremonadique est décidable, et en particulier la hiérarchie à pile. Onpeut définir celle-ci comme la hiérarchie pour $n$ des graphesd'automates à piles imbriquées $n$ fois ; une définition externe, partransformations de graphes, est également disponible. Nous nousintéressons à l'exemple des ordinaux. Nous montrons que les ordinauxplus petits que $epsilon_0$ sont dans la hiérarchie, ainsi que des graphesporteurs de plus d'information, que l'on appelle "graphecouvrants''. Nous montrons ensuite l'inverse : tous les ordinaux de lahiérarchie sont plus petits que $epsilon_0$. Ce résultat utilise le fait queles ordres d'un niveau sont en fait isomorphes aux structures desfeuilles des arbres déterministes dans l'ordre lexicographique, aumême niveau. Plus généralement, nous obtenons une caractérisation desordres linéaires dispersés dans la hiérarchie. Dans un troisièmetemps, nous resserons l'intérêt aux ordres de type $omega$ --- les mots infinis --- pour montrer que les mots du niveau 2 sont les motsmorphiques, ce qui nous amène à une nouvelle extension au niveau 3

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Hornborg, Alf. "Dualism and hierarchy in lowland South America trajectories of indigenous social organization /." Uppsala : Stockholm, Sweden : Academiae Upsaliensis ; Distributed by Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/18210588.html.

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Marston, John. "Cambodia 1991-94 : hierarchy, neutrality and etiquettes of discourse /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6431.

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Cho, Heon. "Metropolitan structure and hierarchy of center cities and suburabn cities /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Kristof, Gary Michael. "Planning Business Improvement using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Design Structure Matrix (DSM)." Thesis, Montana State University, 2005. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2005/kristof/KristofG1205.pdf.

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Many management system engineering ideas and theories have evolved to help businesses grow and achieve their goals. Applying these ideas and theories to a business system is a strategic planning issue and results in a bewildering array of strategic alternatives for business system improvement. Choosing the appropriate alternatives is a complex and difficult decision. The most appropriate strategic alternative must be executable. To be executable the strategic alternative must not only be technically feasible, but must also overcome social and cultural obstructions. This research presents a planning approach to select the most appropriate strategic alternative and to plan its implementation. The planning approach is built on a planning framework synthesized from previous research. This framework involves the following planning functions: 1. Determine business strategic alternatives 2. Acquire business knowledge 3. Shape business for strategic advantage 4. Implement plan - operational engagement The planning approach uses Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Project Management Tools (PMT) and Design Structure Matrix (DSM) to implement these functions and plan business improvements. This research demonstrates that rational hierarchies appropriate for strategic alternatives analysis using AHP can be constructed. Business scenarios are used to show that AHP method prioritizes alternative strategies differently under different business circumstances. In addition, the data generated by the AHP can be aggregated into statements of work and input into DSM to generate a project plan to implement organizational design changes and achieve strategic intent.

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Rice, Jerome Lee. "Examining Family Hierarchy Through the Eyes of Former Mac Baller Gang Members." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7952.

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Criminal gang membership is growing, which corresponds to a continued breakdown of the family unit in the United States. Most of the young people who form gangs come from broken families or single-parent-headed households. This study explored the role of family hierarchy on gang membership. A qualitative case study approach was used to gather information on what motivates young people to join criminal gangs. A random sampling technique was used to recruit seven former members of the Mac Baller Brim gang. Ethical concerns were addressed to minimize the risks to the participants. The collected data from interviews were analyzed using an interpretive research philosophy to determine the contribution of family hierarchy on motivating the participants to join gangs. Interpretive research philosophy indicates that reality can only be understood by subjective interpretation and intervention. An action research strategy was also used in an attempt to provide a practical solution for the people studied while adding to existing theories. The findings of the study indicated that there are 5 reasons why young people join gangs: protection, respect, money, fun, and because a friend was in the gang. This study may contribute to social change by identifying factors that lead to gang membership to aid policy and program interventions that lower the likelihood of youth joining gangs.

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Lewis, Fiona. "The demographic and occupational structure of Liverpool : a study of parish registers, 1660-1750." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240795.

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ASHOK, RAMYA. "A DATABASE SYSTEM TO STORE AND RETRIEVE A CONCEPT LATTICE STRUCTURE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1130552767.

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Vanhatalo, Jussi. "Process structure trees decomposing a business process model into a hierarchy of single entry single exit fragments." Berlin dissertation.de, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000407012/04.

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Hurt, Marie H. "Investigating the Intersection of School Structure and Teacher Leadership:A Mixed-Methods Study." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1428684701.

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Книги з теми "Hierarchy structure"

Ishida, Hiroshi. Class structure and status hierarchy in contemporary Japan. Oxford: Nissan Institute of Japanese Studies, 1988.

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Sugihara, G. Niche hierarchy: Structure, organization, and assembly in natural systems. Plantation, FL: J. Ross Publishing, 2015.

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Marlow, Louise. Hierarchy and egalitarianism in Islamic thought. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

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The fractal structure of data reference: Applications to the memory hierarchy. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic, 2000.

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Hierarchy and trust in modern Mexico and Brazil. New York: Praeger, 1990.

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Brugha, Cathal M. The structure of qualitative decision-making: Implications for the analytical hierarchy process. Dublin: University College Dublin, Dept of Management Information Systems, 1996.

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Making sense of hierarchy: Cognition as social process in Fiji. London [England]: Athlone Press, 1990.

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Dualism and hierarchy in lowland South America: Trajectories of indigenous social organization. Uppsala: Academiae Upsaliensis, 1988.

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Hierarchy and egalitarianism: Caste, class, and power in Sinhalese peasant society. London: Athlone Press, 1994.

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Lilbob, Peter. Secret societies: The hierarchy, ideology and structure of the lodges : self-enchantment as a group phenomenon. Arhus: FAF, 1998.

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Частини книг з теми "Hierarchy structure"

Schlick, Tamar. "Protein Structure Hierarchy." In Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics, 91–112. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-22464-0_4.

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Schlick, Tamar. "Protein Structure Hierarchy." In Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics, 105–28. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6351-2_4.

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Caianiello, Eduardo R. "Nets, Structure, Hierarchy." In Neural Network Dynamics, 75–89. London: Springer London, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2001-8_6.

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Shah, A. M. "Division and Hierarchy." In The Structure of Indian Society, 134–63. Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429401268-9.

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Gasteiger, Johann. "A Hierarchy of Structure Representations." In Handbook of Chemoinformatics, 1034–61. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527618279.ch38.

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van de Weygaert, Rien, and Ravi Sheth. "Void Hierarchy and Cosmic Structure." In Multiwavelength Cosmology, 223–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48570-2_47.

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Mirkin, Boris. "Hierarchy as a Clustering Structure." In Nonconvex Optimization and Its Applications, 329–97. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0457-9_7.

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Cai, Jin-yi, and Lane Hemachandra. "The boolean hierarchy: Hardware over NP." In Structure in Complexity Theory, 105–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-16486-3_93.

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Yokoyama, Olga T. "The speech act empathy hierarchy and Russian possessives." In Function and Structure, 57. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pbns.59.05yok.

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Wilson, Christopher B. "Parallel computation and the NC hierarchy relativized." In Structure in Complexity Theory, 362–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-16486-3_111.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Hierarchy structure"

CAIANIELLO, E. R. "STRUCTURE AND HIERARCHY." In Scientific Highlights in Memory of Léon Van Hove. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812795977_0001.

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Kadin, J. "The polynomial time hierarchy collapses if the Boolean hierarchy collapses." In [1988] Proceedings. Structure in Complexity Theory Third Annual Conference. IEEE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sct.1988.5287.

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Hidayat, Ubuh-Buchara, and Kadarsah Suryadi. "Organization Structure Selection." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2007.037.

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Gui Gui and P. D. Scott. "Component Ranking Based on Hierarchy Structure." In EUROCON 2005 - The International Conference on "Computer as a Tool". IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eurcon.2005.1630041.

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Lipovetsky, Stan. "Parameters of Optimum Hierarchy Structure in AHP." In International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2014.134.

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Liu Haixia, Yan Yongnian, Lin Feng, Wang Xiaohong, and Zhu Lin. "Research and application of bio-hierarchy structure." In International Technology and Innovation Conference 2006 (ITIC 2006). IEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:20061062.

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Xu, Shubo. "The Structure of Positive Reciprocal Matrices." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y1991.041.

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Wei, Yi-Xiang, and Xiao-Ming Wan. "Feedback Structure Model and its Application." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y1991.019.

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Cillo, Brady. "Cardinal Preference and Structure in Decision Making." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2007.010.

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Wang, Jian, Xinyue Li, Wei Song, Zhichao Zhang, and Weiqi Guo. "Multi-Hierarchy Proxy Structure for Deep Metric Learning." In ICASSP 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp43922.2022.9747268.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Hierarchy structure"

Dorr, Bonnie J., Nizar Habash, and David Traum. A Thematic Hierarchy for Efficient Generation from Lexical-Conceptual Structure. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada458673.

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Aksay, I. A. Structural Hierarchy in Materials: Processing and Property Optimization. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada371474.

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Horrocks, Ian, Ulrike Sattler, and Stephan Tobies. A Description Logic with Transitive and Converse Roles, Role Hierarchies and Qualifying Number Restrictions. Aachen University of Technology, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.94.

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As widely argued [HG97; Sat96], transitive roles play an important role in the adequate representation of aggregated objects: they allow these objects to be described by referring to their parts without specifying a level of decomposition. In [HG97], the Description Logic (DL) ALCHR+ is presented, which extends ALC with transitive roles and a role hierarchy. It is argued in [Sat98] that ALCHR+ is well-suited to the representation of aggregated objects in applications that require various part-whole relations to be distinguished, some of which are transitive. However, ALCHR+ allows neither the description of parts by means of the whole to which they belong, or vice versa. To overcome this limitation, we present the DL SHI which allows the use of, for example, has part as well as is part of. To achieve this, ALCHR+ was extended with inverse roles. It could be argued that, instead of defining yet another DL, one could make use of the results presented in [DL96] and use ALC extended with role expressions which include transitive closure and inverse operators. The reason for not proceeding like this is the fact that transitive roles can be implemented more efficiently than the transitive closure of roles (see [HG97]), although they lead to the same complexity class (ExpTime-hard) when added, together with role hierarchies, to ALC. Furthermore, it is still an open question whether the transitive closure of roles together with inverse roles necessitates the use of the cut rule [DM98], and this rule leads to an algorithm with very bad behaviour. We will present an algorithm for SHI without such a rule. Furthermore, we enrich the language with functional restrictions and, finally, with qualifying number restrictions. We give sound and complete decision proceduresfor the resulting logics that are derived from the initial algorithm for SHI. The structure of this report is as follows: In Section 2, we introduce the DL SI and present a tableaux algorithm for satisfiability (and subsumption) of SI-concepts—in another report [HST98] we prove that this algorithm can be refined to run in polynomial space. In Section 3 we add role hierarchies to SI and show how the algorithm can be modified to handle this extension appropriately. Please note that this logic, namely SHI, allows for the internalisation of general concept inclusion axioms, one of the most general form of terminological axioms. In Section 4 we augment SHI with functional restrictions and, using the so-called pairwise-blocking technique, the algorithm can be adapted to this extension as well. Finally, in Section 5, we show that standard techniques for handling qualifying number restrictions [HB91;BBH96] together with the techniques described in previous sections can be used to decide satisfiability and subsumption for SHIQ, namely ALC extended with transitive and inverse roles, role hierarchies, and qualifying number restrictions. Although Section 5 heavily depends on the previous sections, we have made it self-contained, i.e. it contains all necessary definitions and proofs from scratch, for a better readability. Building on the previous sections, Section 6 presents an algorithm that decides the satisfiability of SHIQ-ABoxes.

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Downes, Jane, ed. Chalcolithic and Bronze Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.184.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings:  Building the Scottish Bronze Age: Narratives should be developed to account for the regional and chronological trends and diversity within Scotland at this time. A chronology Bronze Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report iv based upon Scottish as well as external evidence, combining absolute dating (and the statistical modelling thereof) with re-examined typologies based on a variety of sources – material cultural, funerary, settlement, and environmental evidence – is required to construct a robust and up to date framework for advancing research.  Bronze Age people: How society was structured and demographic questions need to be imaginatively addressed including the degree of mobility (both short and long-distance communication), hierarchy, and the nature of the ‘family’ and the ‘individual’. A range of data and methodologies need to be employed in answering these questions, including harnessing experimental archaeology systematically to inform archaeologists of the practicalities of daily life, work and craft practices.  Environmental evidence and climate impact: The opportunity to study the effects of climatic and environmental change on past society is an important feature of this period, as both palaeoenvironmental and archaeological data can be of suitable chronological and spatial resolution to be compared. Palaeoenvironmental work should be more effectively integrated within Bronze Age research, and inter-disciplinary approaches promoted at all stages of research and project design. This should be a two-way process, with environmental science contributing to interpretation of prehistoric societies, and in turn, the value of archaeological data to broader palaeoenvironmental debates emphasised. Through effective collaboration questions such as the nature of settlement and land-use and how people coped with environmental and climate change can be addressed.  Artefacts in Context: The Scottish Chalcolithic and Bronze Age provide good evidence for resource exploitation and the use, manufacture and development of technology, with particularly rich evidence for manufacture. Research into these topics requires the application of innovative approaches in combination. This could include biographical approaches to artefacts or places, ethnographic perspectives, and scientific analysis of artefact composition. In order to achieve this there is a need for data collation, robust and sustainable databases and a review of the categories of data.  Wider Worlds: Research into the Scottish Bronze Age has a considerable amount to offer other European pasts, with a rich archaeological data set that includes intact settlement deposits, burials and metalwork of every stage of development that has been the subject of a long history of study. Research should operate over different scales of analysis, tracing connections and developments from the local and regional, to the international context. In this way, Scottish Bronze Age studies can contribute to broader questions relating both to the Bronze Age and to human society in general.

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