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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Habitat (Ecology)"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 31 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Habitat (Ecology)"

Tokushima, Hideyuki, and Peter J. Jarman. "Ecology of the rare but irruptive Pilliga mouse, Pseudomys pilligaensis. IV. Habitat ecology." Australian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 1 (2015): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo14057.

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We determined preferences of the Pilliga mouse, Pseudomys pilligaensis, for habitat attributes (ground and vegetation cover) through phases of a population irruption, and characterised refuge sites used when environmental conditions were unfavourable. In general, P. pilligaensis preferred areas with substrate dominated by sand and shrubs rather than rock or litter. However, its habitat selection changed with phases of the irruption. In the Increase phase, it showed no strong habitat preferences, perhaps because the abundance of food (seeds) overrode preferences for more stable habitat values. Its sensitivity to habitat variables increased in the Peak phase. In the Low phase, mice preferred ground cover with higher proportions of sand and shrubs, and lower proportions of rock and litter. Regression analyses suggested that sandy substrate is the most important factor for the refuge habitat of P. pilligaensis, perhaps because a sandy surface can support more understorey shrubs which provide seeds and protection from predators, and provides sites for burrows. Judging from areas where P. pilligaensis was caught during the Low phase, water run-on areas could also characterise refuge habitats. However, further studies are needed to define the species’ refuge habitats fully.

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Crain, Benjamin J., Ana María Sánchez-Cuervo, Jeffrey W. White, and Steven J. Steinberg. "Conservation ecology of rare plants within complex local habitat networks." Oryx 49, no. 4 (February 24, 2014): 696–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605313001245.

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AbstractEffective conservation of rare plant species requires a detailed understanding of their unique distributions and habitat requirements to identify conservation targets. Research suggests that local conservation efforts may be one of the best means for accomplishing this task. We conducted a geographical analysis of the local distributions of rare plants in Napa County, California, to identify spatial relationships with individual habitat types. We measured the potential contribution of individual habitats to rare plant conservation by integrating analyses on overall diversity, species per area, specificity-weighted richness, presence of hotspots, and the composition of the rare plant community in each habitat type. This combination of analyses allowed us to determine which habitats are most significant for rare plant conservation at a local scale. Our analyses indicated that several habitat types were consistently associated with rare plant species. In broad terms, grasslands, oak forests, coniferous forests, wetlands, serpentines, chaparral, and rock outcrops were most consistently highlighted. No single habitat stood out in every analysis however, and therefore we conclude that careful selection of an assemblage of habitats that best represents diverse, restricted and unique rare plant communities will be the most efficient approach to protecting rare plant habitat at local scales. Accordingly we present a means of identifying conservation targets and protecting global biodiversity through local efforts.

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Meynecke, J. O. "Coastal habitat connectivity ? implications for declared fish habitat networks in Queensland, Australia." Pacific Conservation Biology 15, no. 2 (2009): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc090096.

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Estuaries are widely recognized as key habitats supporting nearshore secondary production and catch of commercial fisheries. In Queensland, some of these coastal marine habitats are protected by the declared fish habitat programme run by the Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries. Expected environmental changes for Australian estuarine systems include reduced freshwater flow, increased sedimentation and with them, a loss of connectivity. At present, the relationship between the protected declared fish habitat and habitat connectivity remains unknown. By comparing long term coastal fish catch data with geomorphic characteristics of coastal habitats structural connectivity was previously identified as a potential driver of commercial fish catch in Queensland. An ecology landscape approach was used for this study to identify potential fish habitat hotspots along the coastline of Queensland thus allowing better defined networks of declared fish habitats. A comparison between this approach and the current declared fish habitats demonstrated potential deficits and provided important insights for fisheries management. Declared fish habitats should be placed in coastal habitats with high structural connectivity to ensure sustainability of fisheries in light of environmental changes.

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Kocik, John F., and C. Paola Ferreri. "Juvenile production variation in salmonids: population dynamics, habitat, and the role of spatial relationships." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55, S1 (January 1, 1998): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/d98-015.

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Anadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) exhibit a complex life history that requires the use of habitats that span several different temporal and spatial scales. While fisheries scientists have investigated the various elements of habitat and how they affect Atlantic salmon growth and survival, these studies typically focus on requisite requirements for a single life history stage. Current advances in our understanding of salmonid populations in lotic systems indicates that ignoring the spatial positioning of different habitats and dispersal capabilities of fish between them may affect estimates of habitat quality and production of juvenile Atlantic salmon. Using the concepts of juxtaposition and interspersion, we hypothesize that discrete functional habitat units (FHU) occur within river systems and that the spatial structure of FHU affects fish production. We present a method to delineate FHU using habitat maps, fish ecology, and spatial habitat characteristics. Utilizing a simulation model, we illustrate how modeling FHU structure of spawning and rearing habitat in a river system can improve our understanding of juvenile Atlantic salmon production dynamics. The FHU concept allows a flexible approach to more comprehensive analyses of the impacts of habitat alterations, seasonal habitat shifts, and spatial ecology of salmonids at various scales.

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Grzędzicka, Emilia. "Assessment of Habitat Selection by Invasive Plants and Conditions with the Best Performance of Invasiveness Traits." Diversity 15, no. 3 (February 25, 2023): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15030333.

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Habitat selection is one of the fundamental concepts in ecology and means that each organism should choose the habitat that will maximize its success. Invaders may be an underestimated object in research on habitat selection. Invasive plants experience enormous propagule pressure and bear the costs of spreading in disturbed anthropogenic habitats. It means that they do not necessarily achieve maximum invasiveness traits in such habitats, which they selected to colonize. This study aimed to assess habitats where invaders are likely to occur from the set of all available ones in the landscape and the habitats with the best performed traits of invaders. The research was conducted on 52 and 112 plots in 2019 and 2021, respectively, in South-Eastern Poland, and the invasive plants were Caucasian hogweeds Heracleum sp. In the first year, the circle plots had a 50 m radius and were to measure habitat areas and traits of hogweeds (height, number of individuals in the plot, cover, and number of flowering specimens). Detrimental correspondence analysis and linear mixed model investigated that hogweeds achieved the best performance reflected by traits in continuous habitats—meadows and forests. In the second year, the plots to measure habitats had a 100 m radius. The reference plots were far from the invasion exposure, and the paired control vs. Heracleum ones had the same habitats with the potential to be invaded. The generalized linear mixed model showed that the probability of the hogweeds occurrence was higher when the habitat was overgrowing with a simultaneous decrease in open areas and in the increasing ruderal area with a decrease in bushes. The impact of the invader’s habitat on the invasion performance depended on the purpose of habitat selection. When invaders spread and increased invasive extent or appeared in habitat edges, they did not reach the highest traits, the best performing in continuous habitats. The specificity of habitat selection of invaders is another aspect that distinguishes invasion science from classic ecology.

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Moore, Kelly M. S., and Stanley V. Gregory. "Summer Habitat Utilization and Ecology of Cutthroat Trout Fry (Salmo clarki) in Cascade Mountain Streams." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, no. 11 (November 1, 1988): 1921–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f88-224.

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Emergent cutthroat trout fry (Salmo clarki) were observed in the margins, backwaters, and side channels, collectively called "lateral habitats," of three study streams with different riparian vegetation. Most fry remained in these lateral habitats until the end of their first summer. The abundance of cutthroat fry was proportional to the area of lateral habitat in each of the study streams. Average size and growth rate of fry were related to the effect of site elevation on stream temperature and the influence of riparian vegetation on the availability of invertebrate food. Lateral habitats are characterized by slow, shallow-water, abundant detritus and benthic invertebrate assemblages of high density. Stream margins and backwaters provide gradients of depth and velocity, cover, and access to food that are appropriate to the habitat requirements of fry. Because fry populations are closely related to the abundance and quality of lateral habitats in small streams, these habitats should be included in the assessment of habitat requirements of cutthroat trout.

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Knierim, Tyler. "Spatial ecology study reveals nest attendance and habitat preference of banded kraits (Bungarus fasciatus)." Herpetological Bulletin, no. 150, Winter 2019 (December 31, 2019): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33256/hb150.613.

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An understanding of the spatial ecology of species living in and around human-dominated habitats is needed to develop conflict mitigation strategies and predict how organisms cope with ongoing anthropogenic habitat alteration. Here we present the results of a six-month telemetry study in Thailand of the banded krait (Bungarus fasciatus), a venomous elapid snake. We quantified home range size and habitat use of three adult kraits (1 male, 2 females) in an agricultural habitat. The kraits travelled an average of 47.20 m ± 23.54 m between shelter sites and occupied home ranges of on average 21.45 ha ± 19.56 ha (95 % dynamic Brownian Bridge Movement Models). They preferred to seek day time refuge amongst less disturbed habitat features, including waterways and rice paddy dykes, while avoiding routinely disturbed monoculture fields. The two female kraits also exhibited reduced movement while simultaneously attending their nests in a shared burrow complex. Fifteen neonates were observed emerging from the nest site. We recommend further investigation of banded krait reproductive ecology and ability to persist in heavily disturbed habitats.

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Martín, José, Jesús Ortega, Roberto García-Roa, Gonzalo Rodríguez-Ruiz, Ana Pérez-Cembranos, and Valentín Pérez-Mellado. "Effects of Anthropogenic Disturbance of Natural Habitats on the Feeding Ecology of Moorish Geckos." Animals 13, no. 8 (April 20, 2023): 1413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13081413.

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Urbanization and anthropic influences can drastically modify a natural habitat and transform it into an easily recognizable “urban habitat”. Human activities can also induce less severe modifications of what apparently might still look like natural habitats. Therefore, these subtle alterations may be hidden but can still cause important negative effects on plant and animals. In contrast, some species seem able to take advantage of these anthropic alterations. Here, we examined the possible effects of the anthropogenic disturbance of an apparent natural habitat on the feeding ecology and body condition of Moorish geckos, Tarentola mauritanica. For this, we compared microhabitat structure, invertebrate availability, the diet composition (estimated from fecal contents), diet selection patterns and body condition of the two populations of geckos inhabiting two contiguous small islands. These islands have similar environmental characteristics, but highly contrasting differences in urbanization and anthropogenic influence. We found that, although the abundance of potential invertebrate prey was similar on both habitats, the diversity of invertebrate prey was lower in the altered habitat. As a consequence, although composition of the diet of geckos was similar on both islands, the diversity of prey and food niche breadth were lower in the altered habitat, and patterns of diet selection changed. However, these inter-habitat differences did not seem to affect the body size and body condition of geckos. We discuss how flexibility in feeding ecology may allow some species to cope with small anthropic disturbances of the habitat.

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Gaillard, Jean-Michel, Mark Hebblewhite, Anne Loison, Mark Fuller, Roger Powell, Mathieu Basille, and Bram Van Moorter. "Habitat–performance relationships: finding the right metric at a given spatial scale." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1550 (July 27, 2010): 2255–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0085.

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The field of habitat ecology has been muddled by imprecise terminology regarding what constitutes habitat, and how importance is measured through use, selection, avoidance and other bio-statistical terminology. Added to the confusion is the idea that habitat is scale-specific. Despite these conceptual difficulties, ecologists have made advances in understanding ‘how habitats are important to animals’, and data from animal-borne global positioning system (GPS) units have the potential to help this clarification. Here, we propose a new conceptual framework to connect habitats with measures of animal performance itself—towards assessing habitat–performance relationship (HPR). Long-term studies will be needed to estimate consequences of habitat selection for animal performance. GPS data from wildlife can provide new approaches for studying useful correlates of performance that we review. Recent examples include merging traditional resource selection studies with information about resources used at different critical life-history events (e.g. nesting, calving, migration), uncovering habitats that facilitate movement or foraging and, ultimately, comparing resources used through different life-history strategies with those resulting in death. By integrating data from GPS receivers with other animal-borne technologies and combining those data with additional life-history information, we believe understanding the drivers of HPRs will inform animal ecology and improve conservation.

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Mumford, Eric P. "Habitat: ecology thinking in architecture." Journal of Architecture 26, no. 7 (October 3, 2021): 1112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13602365.2021.1984025.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Habitat (Ecology)"

Diniz, Suzana. "Influência da complexidade arquitetural de ramos vegetativos na riqueza e abundância de aranhas e outros artrópodes." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/316023.

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Orientadores: João Vasconcellos Neto, Gustavo Quevedo Romero
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T01:27:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diniz_Suzana_M.pdf: 61632938 bytes, checksum: 7bcbe079e28a7f57357c4d6ecbb16e88 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: A estrutura do hábitat tem sido um tema recorrente na literatura, havendo diversos estudos que correlacionaram uma maior complexidade estrutural do hábitat à riqueza e abundância dos mais variados taxa. Contudo, este é um tema de difícil generalização e as abordagens experimentais ainda são raras. A vegetação é um elemento que proporciona complexidade estrutural ao hábitat devido às diversas organizações arquiteturais de seus módulos. Diversos estudos demonstraram que os artrópodes associados às plantas são um dos grupos mais afetados pela arquitetura da vegetação, particularmente as aranhas. Logo, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os possíveis efeitos da arquitetura da vegetação sobre a abundância e riqueza de guildas de artrópodes, com ênfase na comunidade de aranhas. O estudo foi dividido em duas partes: (1) uma pesquisa exploratória, cujo objetivo foi correlacionar diferentes elementos arquiteturais das plantas com a comunidade de artrópodes, de forma a avaliar se determinados grupos de artrópodes são mais ou menos abundantes em determinadas configurações arquiteturais da vegetação; (2) uma pesquisa experimental, cujo objetivo foi manipular a arquitetura vegetal agrupando e espaçando os ramos vegetativos, de forma a avaliar os efeitos da densidade vegetal sobre a comunidade de artrópodes. Um total de 17 espécies de plantas e oito características arquiteturais foi utilizado na pesquisa exploratória. Já o experimento foi feito para três espécies de plantas e repetido em duas estações climáticas diferentes (seca e chuvosa) para avaliação dos efeitos sazonais sobre a resposta da comunidade de artrópodes à manipulação arquitetural da vegetação. Todos os dados de abundância e riqueza de artrópodes foram expressos por unidade de biomassa de planta e a disponibilidade de presas para os predadores (i.e., o total de artrópodes exceto o grupo de predadores sendo estudado) foi colocada como co-variável. Os padrões de abundância da comunidade de aranhas foram fortemente correlacionados à arquitetura da vegetação, tanto na pesquisa experimental quanto na exploratória. Já as guildas de outros artrópodes, com algumas exceções, foram pouco afetadas pela arquitetura da vegetação. Algumas guildas de fitófagos tiveram padrões consistentes de distribuição em plantas com diferentes arquiteturas. Estes padrões, por sua vez, ocorreram tanto na pesquisa exploratória quanto na experimental. A abundância de parasitóides e predadores (exceto aranhas) foi mais explicada pela disponibilidade de presas do que pela arquitetura per se. O padrão de distribuição das aranhas sobre as plantas pode ser explicado, em grande medida, pelo favorecimento que determinadas arquiteturas proporcionam aos hábitos de forrageio de cada guilda. Já o padrão de abundância das guildas de fitófagos em plantas com diferentes arquiteturas provavelmente decorre de uma modulação da taxa de predação, uma vez que a arquitetura da planta está vinculada à disponibilidade de refúgios
Abstract: Habitat structure has been a recurrent subject in literature and there have been several researches that correlated a greater structural complexity of habitat to the richness and abundance of diverse taxa. However, this represents a subject of hard generalization and experimental approaches are still rare. Vegetation is an element that provides structural complexity to habitat due to diverse architectural organization of their modules. Many researches demonstrated that arthropods associated to plants are one of the most affected groups by the vegetation architecture, especially the spiders. Thus, the objective of present research was to evaluate possible effects of vegetation architecture on the richness and abundance of arthropod guilds, with special emphasis on spider community. The research was divided in two parts: (1) a survey research, whose objective was to correlate diverse architectural traits of plants with the arthropod community, this in order to assess whether certain groups of the arthropod community are more or less abundant in certain plant architectural configurations; (2) an experimental research, whose objective was to manipulate plant architecture by grouping and spacing the vegetative branches in order to evaluate the effects of plant density on the arthropod community. A total of 17 plant species and eight architectural traits was used in survey research, whereas the experiment was performed in three plant species and repeated in two seasons (dry and wet) for evaluation of seasonal effects on the arthropod community response to manipulation of the plant architecture. All data referring to arthropod abundance and richness were given per unit of plant biomass and the prey availability for predators (i.e., all arthropods except the group of predators being studied) was set as a covariate. The abundance patterns of spider community were strongly correlated to the plant architecture, both in experimental and in survey research. Nevertheless, the other arthropod guilds, with some exceptions, were weakly affected by vegetation architecture. Some phytophagous guilds had consistent patterns of distribution on plant with different architectural traits. These patterns, by the way, occurred as in survey as in experimental research. The abundance of parasitoids and predators (except spiders) was more explained by the prey availability than by the plant architecture per se. Patterns of spider distribution on plants can be quite explained by the advantages that some plant architectures provide to the foraging habits of each guild. Abundance patterns of phytophagous guilds on plants with different architectural traits, nevertheless, were probably due to modulation of predation rates, since the plant architecture could determine refuge availability
Mestrado
Mestre em Ecologia

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Hinz, Hilmar. "Ecology and habitat use of flatfishes." Thesis, Bangor University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429649.

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Gilbert, Andrew. "The Foraging and Habitat Ecology of Black Terns in Maine." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2001. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/GilbertAT2001.pdf.

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Bonar, Richard Lloyd. "Pileated woodpecker habitat ecology in the Alberta foothills." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0010/NQ60276.pdf.

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Cornelius, Cintia. "Genetic and demographic consequences of human-driven landscape changes on bird populations the case of Aphrastura spinicauda (Furnariidae) in the temperate rainforest of South America /." Diss., St. Louis, Mo. : University of Missouri--St. Louis, 2006. http://etd.umsl.edu/r1821.

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Boenke, Morgan. "Terrestrial habitat and ecology of Fowler's toads (Anaxyrus Fowleri)." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106500.

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Habitat loss is the primary driver of global amphibian declines and thus preserving habitat is our best hope for preserving species at risk. The habitat needs of amphibians are complex due to terrestrial and aquatic requirements throughout their life history. Many pond breeding amphibians spend the majority of their life cycle within terrestrial environments and thus terrestrial habitats are critical to their persistence. Cryptic and fossorial behavior makes observations of amphibians in terrestrial habitats difficult. Our knowledge of the terrestrial ecology of amphibians is therefore incredibly limited. I review the literature on habitat loss, amphibian declines and terrestrial habitat use by amphibians with specific attention to refuge seeking behavior (CHAPTER ONE). I used radio-tracking to investigate the behavior of Fowler's toads (Bufo fowleri) in the beach dune ecosystem of Long Point, Ontario. Refuge seeking behavior by these animals is associated with specific components of the dunes and is predictable based on elevation, slope and distance from the lakeshore. Refuge sites placement is not random, but instead represent a trade-off between risk and reward (CHAPTER TWO). Philopatry in Fowler's Toads is driven by fidelity to refugia. These locations are used repeatedly on consecutive days, and even when they are not new sites within 10 meters of the previous day's refuge are most often chosen. Occasionally, however toads relocate their refuge sites as much as 700 m overnight (CHAPTER THREE). This contributes to the wide variation in the home range sizes of Fowler's Toads, as does method of calculation and search effort, while there is little apparent influence of intrinsic biological factors. The effect of search effort on range size is reduced in robust location data sets with more than thirty locations for each animal. A minimum home range estimate of 3517m2 is suggested under the caveat that range sizes may have no hard upper limit (CHAPTER FOUR).
La perte d'habitat est le principal facteur responsable du déclin des amphibiens à l'échelle mondiale. La préservation de leur habitat représente donc le meilleur espoir pour la conservation de ces espèces en péril. Les amphibiens ont des besoins en complexes en matière d'habitat, car leur cycle de vie comprend des exigences terrestres ainsi qu'aquatiques. Plusieurs amphibiens qui se reproduisent dans des étangs passent la majorité de leur vie dans des environnements terrestres, ces derniers sont donc essentiels à leur résilience. Leurs comportements fouisseur et cryptique rendent les amphibiens difficiles à observer dans leurs habitats terrestres. En conséquence, notre connaissance de l'écologie terrestre des amphibiens est très limitée. Je passe en revue la littérature scientifique sur la perte d'habitat, le déclin des amphibiens et l'utilisation d'habitats terrestres par les amphibiens avec une attention particulière à la recherche de refuges (CHAPITRE UN). J'ai utilisé le pistage radioélectrique pour étudier le comportement des crapauds de Fowler (Bufo fowleri) dans l'écosystème de dunes de la plage de Long Point, en Ontario. La recherche de refuge par ces animaux est associée à des composants spécifiques des dunes et est prévisible selon l'élévation, la pente et la distance du bord du lac. L'emplacement du refuge n'est pas aléatoire, mais représente plutôt un compromis entre risque et récompense (CHAPITRE DEUX). La philopatrie chez les crapauds de Fowler est due à la fidélité aux refuges. Ces endroits sont utilisés de façon répétée sur plusieurs jours consécutifs ; même lorsqu'ils sont abandonnés, les crapauds choisissent le plus souvent un nouveau site à moins de 10 mètres du refuge de la journée précédente. A l'occasion, cependant, les crapauds peuvent délocaliser leurs sites de refuge jusqu'à 700 m d'une nuit à l'autre (CHAPITRE TROIS). Cela contribue à la grande variation dans le calcul de la taille du territoire des crapauds de Fowler. Les méthodes d'évaluation et l'effort de recherche contribuent aussi à cette variation, alors qu'il y a peu d'influence apparente des facteurs biologiques intrinsèques. De plus, l'effet de l'effort de recherche sur la taille du territoire est réduit lorsque les données de localisation sont robustes et comprennent plus de trente sites par animal. Une estimation de taille minimale du territoire des crapauds de Fowler de 3517 m2 est suggérée ici, sous la réserve que l'aire totale de répartition peut ne pas avoir de limite supérieure (CHAPITRE QUATRE).

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Donaldson, Lynda. "Conservation and ecology of wetland birds in Africa." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/31812.

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Conservation managers worldwide are increasingly faced with the challenges of managing and protecting fragmented landscapes, largely as a consequence of human activities. Over recent decades, ecological theory has made a significant contribution to the development of landscape-scale conservation and practice. However, recommendations accounting for what is practically achievable in the modern-day landscape are currently lacking, while criteria for conservation planning and prioritisation continue to neglect the role of habitat networks at the required spatial scale for the long-term persistence of biodiversity. In this thesis, I test and apply ideas surrounding the complexities of managing and conserving species in a landscape context, using a suite of bird species endemic to papyrus (Cyperus papyrus) swamps in East and Central Africa as a model system. In the face of large-scale habitat loss and degradation, practical measures that account for the fragmented nature of this system, the needs of multiple specialist species, and the reliance on this habitat by local people, are urgently required. I first review the concepts originating from reserve design theory to provide a decision-making framework for those involved in landscape-scale conservation amid 21st century challenges to biodiversity, highlighting the key principles to be considered for informed choices to be made. Second, I show that the needs of local people can be compatible with conservation planning in the tropics, and may play an important part in maintaining habitat quality for species residing in historically disturbed landscapes. Third, I develop a novel framework to make an explicit link between metapopulation dynamics and conservation planning. Despite differences in the patch-level dynamics of individual species, areas of habitat where populations of multiple species are resistant to extinction, and resilient because of high chances of (re)colonization can be identified, highlighting where resources could be invested to ensure species have the capacity to respond to future change. Finally, I simulate the metapopulation dynamics of the papyrus-endemic birds to demonstrate that the optimal conservation strategy for the long-term persistence of all species residing in a network depends on the characteristics of individual species, and the total area that can be protected. Overall, this thesis develops and tests the ecological theory used in spatial conservation planning, emphasising the importance of habitat disturbance and interspecific ecological differences for the effective management of habitat networks. The results increase the evidence base for the conservation of wetland birds in Africa, as well as for species residing in fragmented landscapes more generally.

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McCleery, Robert Alan. "Urban fox squirrel ecology and management." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5908.

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I studied the habitat selection, survival, and anti-predator behaviors of the fox squirrel (Siurus niger) across the urban-rural gradient in College Station, Texas. From two years of tracking the radio locations of 82 fox squirrels, my data suggested that fox squirrels in urban areas selected for use large mast bearing trees that mimicked the habitat features they prefer in non-urban areas and avoided conifer and ornamental tree species. Urban fox squirrels selected to use buildings and non-native grass during certain seasons and showed a tolerance for pavement, including it proportionally in their core-areas. Analysis of radio-telemetry data of urban and rural fox squirrels suggested that the rates of survival and causes of mortality differed between the two populations. At least 60% of the mortalities on the rural site were caused by predation, while < 5% of the mortalities on the urban site were caused by predation. Most of the mortalities on the urban site (>60%) were cause by vehicular collisions. Observations of anti-predator behaviors supported my hypothesis that squirrels decrease their anti-predator behaviors as the human presence increases. Observational data also supported my hypothesis that this phenomenon was caused by habituation. I also found that the time dedicated to anti-predator behaviors differed among urban, rural, and suburban fox squirrel populations in response to coyote and hawk vocalizations. The mean responses to both vocalizations on the rural site (coyote = 45%, hawk = 55%) were at least twice that of those found on the urban sites (coyote = 11%, hawk = 20%). I also used survey responses to questions about squirrel management to test theoretical frameworks linking attitudes to behaviors. My data suggests that beliefs and attitudes that are modified by variables shown to increase accessibility generally correspond better to behaviors. My data also suggests that the inclusion of a measure of previous behaviors will increase the predictive ability of models within different theoretical frameworks. Most importantly for the advancement of a comprehensive theoretical framework, my study showed that composite models combining components of the theory of reasoned action and attitude to behavioral process models out-performed other models.

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Alexander, John D. "Bird-habitat relationships in the Klamath/Siskiyou mountains /." View full-text version online through Southern Oregon Digital Archives, 1999. http://soda.sou.edu/awdata/040226a1.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Southern Oregon University, 1999.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-80). Also available via Internet as PDF file through Southern Oregon Digital Archives: http://soda.sou.edu. Search Bioregion Collection.

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Jones, Carys Wynn. "Habitat and rest site selection in polymorphic Lepidoptera." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358332.

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Книги з теми "Habitat (Ecology)"

Rukhsana, Anwesha Haldar, Asraful Alam, and Lakshminarayan Satpati, eds. Habitat, Ecology and Ekistics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49115-4.

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U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, ed. Habitat. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1995.

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Smith, Natalie. Habitat protection. New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2009.

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Creighton, Janean H. Wildlife ecology and forest habitat. [Pullman]: Cooperative Extension, Washington State University, 1997.

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Baines, Chris. A guide to habitat creation. London: G.L.C., 1985.

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Wildlife Conservation Society (New York, N.Y.), ed. Habitat ecology learning program: Teacher's manual. [New York]: Wildlife Conservation Society, 1995.

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Holm, Tarita. Forest Habitat Assessment Project. Koror, Palau?]: The Environment, 2004.

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Anderson, Kirsten. Jenny's habitat. New York, New York: Macmillan/McGraw-Hill, 2006.

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Bradley, Florentin C., United States. Army. Corps of Engineers., U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station., Environmental Laboratory (U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station), and Environmental Impact Research Program, eds. Low-flow aquatic habitat restoration evaluation, the RCHARC Methodology, Goose Creek, Colorado. Vicksburg, Miss: U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, 1997.

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R, Peters Mitchell, United States. Army. Corps of Engineers., U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station., Environmental Laboratory (U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station), and Environmental Impact Research Program (U.S.), eds. Low-flow habitat rehabilitation-evaluation, RCHARC methodology, Rapid Creek, South Dakota. [Vicksburg, Miss: U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, 1996.

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Частини книг з теми "Habitat (Ecology)"

Steiner, Frederick. "Habitat." In Human Ecology, 39–54. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-778-0_3.

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Larco, Nico, and Kaarin Knudson. "Ecology & Habitat." In The Sustainable Urban Design Handbook, 243–312. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315671239-3.

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Keller, Jeffrey K., and Charles R. Smith. "Refining Habitat Specificity." In SpringerBriefs in Ecology, 69–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09608-7_5.

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Goldstein-Golding, E. L. "The ecology and structure of urban greenspaces." In Habitat Structure, 392–411. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3076-9_19.

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Martin, Amanda E., Joseph R. Bennett, and Lenore Fahrig. "Habitat fragmentation." In The Routledge Handbook of Landscape Ecology, 118–39. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429399480-8.

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Marsden, J. Ellen, Thomas R. Binder, Stephen C. Riley, Steven A. Farha, and Charles C. Krueger. "Habitat." In The Lake Charr Salvelinus namaycush: Biology, Ecology, Distribution, and Management, 167–202. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62259-6_6.

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Jonsson, Bror, and Nina Jonsson. "Habitat Use." In Ecology of Atlantic Salmon and Brown Trout, 67–135. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1189-1_3.

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Beck, Jeffrey L., Thomas J. Christiansen, Kirk W. Davies, Jonathan B. Dinkins, Adrian P. Monroe, David E. Naugle, and Michael A. Schroeder. "Sage-Grouse." In Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, 295–338. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34037-6_10.

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AbstractIn this chapter, we summarize the ecology and conservation issues affecting greater (Centrocercus urophasianus) and Gunnison (C. minimus) sage-grouse, iconic and obligate species of rangelands in the sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) biome in western North America. Greater sage-grouse are noted for their ability to migrate, whereas Gunnison sage-grouse localize near leks year-round. Seasonal habitats include breeding habitat where males display at communal leks, nesting habitat composed of dense sagebrush and herbaceous plants to conceal nests, mesic summer habitats where broods are reared, and winter habitat, characterized by access to sagebrush for cover and forage. While two-thirds of sage-grouse habitat occurs on public lands, private land conservation is the focus of national groups including the USDA-NRCS Sage-Grouse Initiative. Sage-grouse are a species of great conservation concern due to population declines associated with loss and fragmentation of more than half of the sagebrush biome. Wildlife and land management agencies have been increasingly proactive in monitoring trends in sage-grouse populations (e.g., lek count index), adapting regulations to reduce harvest on declining populations, and in designing and implementing conservation policies such as core areas to conserve sage-grouse habitats and populations. Much of the remaining sagebrush habitat is threatened by altered fire regimes, invasive annual grasses and noxious weeds, encroaching piñon (Pinus edulis and monophylla)-juniper (Juniperus spp.) woodlands, sagebrush conversion, anthropogenic development, and climate change. Several diseases affect sage-grouse, but to date, disease has not been a widespread cause of declines. Proper livestock grazing and limited hunting appear to be sustainable with sage-grouse, whereas improper grazing, increasing free-roaming equid populations, and sagebrush conversion are primary concerns for future conservation. Research has identified additional concerns for sage-grouse including effects from fence collisions, predation from common ravens (Corvus corax), and reduced habitat effectiveness resulting from grouse avoidance of anthropogenic infrastructure. There is a need for future research evaluating sage-grouse habitat restoration practices following improper rangeland management, habitat alteration from invasive species and fire, effects on small and isolated populations, and effects from diseases.

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Pyke, David A., and Chad S. Boyd. "Manipulation of Rangeland Wildlife Habitats." In Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, 107–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34037-6_5.

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AbstractRangeland manipulations have occurred for centuries. Those manipulations may have positive or negative effects on multiple wildlife species and their habitats. Some of these manipulations may result in landscape changes that fragment wildlife habitat and isolate populations. Habitat degradation and subsequent restoration may range from simple problems that are easy to restore to complex problems that require multiple interventions at multiple scales to solve. In all cases, knowledge of the wildlife species’ habitat needs throughout their life history, of their population dynamics and habitat-related sensitivities, and of their temporal and spatial scale for home ranges and genetic exchange will assist in determining appropriate restoration options. Habitat restoration will begin with an understanding of the vegetation’s successional recovery options and their time scales relative to wildlife population declines. We discuss passive and active manipulations and their application options. Passive manipulations focus on changes to current management. Active manipulations may include removal of undesirable vegetation using manual harvesting, mechanical, chemical, or biological methods while desirable vegetation is enhanced through the reintroduction of desirable wildlife habitat structure and function. These techniques will require monitoring of wildlife and their habitat at both the landscape and site level in an adaptive management framework to learn from our past and improve our future management.

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Weber, Louise M. "Wildlife management and habitat ecology." In Understanding Nature, 261–69. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003271833-25.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Habitat (Ecology)"

Jakubec, Pavel, Santiago Montoya-Molina, Jarin Qubaiova, Martin Novak, and Martina Vetrovska. "BIOTOPE PREFERENCES OF OICEOPTOMA THORACICUM (COLEOPTERA: SILPHIDAE)." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s20.011.

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Biotope or habitat preferences are important species characteristics that can be used for understanding their ecology, as well as their conservation, and even as a tool for crime investigations for detection of post-mortem body manipulation. However, the characterization of species� habitat preferences can be difficult. There are several limiting factors like lack of quantitative data and reliance on anecdotal evidence for this trait. Further, we must consider the reaction to the border between two neighboring habitats. These ecotones are important biodiversity hotspots in the landscape, which combine characteristics of both habitats, but some specialist species seem to avoid them. To characterize habitat preference of the potentially forensically important necrophagous beetle Oiceoptoma thoracicum (Linnaeus, 1758), we set up an experiment in the transition zone between the meadow and forest habitat. The individuals of O. thoracicum were collected using baited pitfall traps across two habitats and at ecotone. The traps were exposed for two weeks after which the samples were taken to the laboratory, where they were sorted and the specimens of O. thoracicum were sexed and counted. The obtained data were evaluated by a generalized linear model to establish the relationship between the presence and abundance of the focal species and distance from the ecotone. We found that the abundance of the species significantly changes along the forest-meadow gradient and shows a preference for woods. Its abundances at the ecotone and on meadows was low, showing a clear preference for forest habitats. This has important implications for the forensic use of the species, as it can be used to detect post-mortem body manipulation.

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Grbović, Filip, Gordana Gajić, Snežana Branković, Zoran Simić, Andrija Ćirić, Danijela Mišić, and Marina Topuzović. "MOGUĆNOSTI I RIZICI PRIMENE INVAZIVNIH DRVENASTIH VRSTA U OBNOVI VEGETACIJE NA DEGRADIRANIM STANIŠTIMA." In XXVII savetovanje o biotehnologiji. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt27.309g.

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The aim of this study is to use a comparative analysis of the ecology of invasive species Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, Amoprha fruticosa L. and Robinia pseudoacacia L. to assess the possibilities and risks of their application in the soil and vegetation restoration in different anthropogenically modified habitats. The results of the comparative study indicate that selected tree species can have a positive effect on biogeochemical cycles and the initiation of pedogenesis. However, when using A. altissima and A. fruticosa in soil and vegetation restoration projects there is a potentially higher risk than benefit, due to the high allelopathic effects on other species in the habitat, compared to R. pseudoacacia.

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WANG, XIAO-QIONG. "LANGUAGE ECOLOGY IN TIBETAN AREAS OF WESTERN SICHUAN: PROBLEMS, CAUSES AND STRATEGIES." In 2021 International Conference on Education, Humanity and Language, Art. Destech Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/ehla2021/35659.

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The language ecology in western Sichuan is diverse and complex, and there are nearly 20 ethnic groups and 20 languages intermingled with each other. However, their unique linguistic individuality is often covered by the universal language and become "disadvantaged languages" in their own habitat. Many reasons, of which are mixed ethnic distribution, deficient education resource and economic transformation etc., have led to the loss of linguistic vitality of the ancient languages. Ethnic, bilingual and vocational education are necessary strategies to improve the ethnic language ecology.

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Scelsa, Jonathan A. "Additive Envelopes: Robotic Volumetric Porous Bricks for Habitat Reformation." In 111th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.4.

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The story goes that Lou Kahn, gathered his students into a room and began pontificating over personified bricks in what has now become a canonic conversation: “You say to a brick, ‘What do you want, brick?’ And brick says to you, ‘I like an arch.’ And you say to brick, ‘Look, I want one, too, but arches are expensive, and I can use a concrete lintel.’ And then you say: ‘What do you think of that, brick?’ and the Brick says: ‘I like an arch .’ While this rhetoric pronounced the brick’s structural potentials due to the intrinsic disciplinary problems of stacking volumes, it undermined the Brick’s other potential capacities inherent to its volumetric nature. As such, with the arrival of post-modern construction that transformed the architectural envelope into a series of monofunctional layers within a rainscreen, it is not surprising that brick became flattened into a ‘sticker’ as an image-oriented scenographic pursuit neutered of its structural capacity. A two-dimensional graphic element easily commodified by neoliberal corporate culture, as evident from the thinly applied arches in recent facadist developer minded gentrification practices.In lieu of complicity in this culture of thinning, the research pedagogy showcased in this studio championed a resistance to the thinning of the brick based on its volumetric capacity to perform other roles such as thermodynamics or playing host to ecology towards habitat restoration. The promise of this new constructive principle suggests a volumetric wall construction that rebalances the flora and fauna within the urban ecology, while simultaneously lowering the albedo of our buildings’ contribution to the Urban Heat Island. This advanced option studio worked closely with a brick heritage museum sited within a village historically associated with the manufacturing of brick for the 20th century. The studio worked closely with the docents and curators of the existing museum in the processes of site selection, immersive brick production history, and community engagement.

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Murzina, S. A., V. P. Voronin, D. V. Artemenkov, and A. M. Orlov. "ECOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ADAPTATIONS OF LIPIDS AND FATTY ACIDS CERTAIN FISH SPECIES FROM THE IRMINGER SEA TO DEEPWATER HABBIT." In NOVEL TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE, BIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY AND ECOLOGY. Institute of information technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47501/978-5-6044060-2-1.196-203.

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Lipid profiling and identification of lipid status were carried out in certain species of meso-pelagic fish species - Lampanyctus macdonaldi and Bathylagus euryops of the Irminger Sea, which are manifested as integral components of the aquatic ecosystem and prevail in habitat, life cycle, specific development, intraspecific degree and the presence of specialization. For the first time, changes in the lipid profiles and the contents, observed by the specific adaptive sensitivity of fish to a deep-sea lifestyle, have been revealed.

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Choi, J. S. "Habitat Preferences of the Snow Crab, Chionoecetes opilio: Where Stock Assessment and Ecology Intersect." In Biology and Management of Exploited Crab Populations under Climate Change. Alaska Sea Grant, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4027/bmecpcc.2010.02.

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Ram, Darshit. "Biodiversity Loss with Habitat and Risk of New Diseases <sup>†</sup>." In 1st International Electronic Conference on Biological Diversity, Ecology and Evolution. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdee2021-09427.

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Serebryakov, O., and E. Turchaninova. "INFLUENCE OF RECREATIONAL LOAD ON ORNITOFAUNA OF THE CITY OF VORONEZH." In Modern problems of animal and plant ecology. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/mpeapw2021_88-93.

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In this work, we determined the number and systematic affiliation of the most common bird species of the Voronezh upland oak forest in the territories exposed to anthropogenic impact. Field studies were carried out from 2019 to 2020 on the territory of the Voronezh upland oak forest. At the sites selected for the survey, a route counting of birds by voices was carried out. The species composition of the avifauna was supplemented by an analysis of information about the habitat of birds and their nesting sites in areas with constant recreational impact. At the selected sites, birds were counted by voices (mating song). From the results of counts in the studied areas, one can see the diversity of the species composition of the avifauna during the reproductive period. Analysis of the data obtained makes it possible to determine the ecological belonging of the species and compare the quantitative indicators of the birds encountered.

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"American Woodcock Migration Ecology Factors Influencing Departure Rates and Habitat Selection at Cape May, New Jersey." In Eleventh American Woodcock Symposium. University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24926/aws.0116.

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Sada, Donald W., John Umek, Khaled Pordel, and Ariel D. Friel. "INTEGRATING HYDROGEOLOGY AND AQUATIC ECOLOGY IN DESERT SPRINGS: THE INFLUENCES OF PHYSICAL HABITAT, GEOCHEMISTRY, AND GROUNDWATER RESIDENCE TIME." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-340155.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Habitat (Ecology)"

Fischer, William C., and Anne F. Bradley. Fire ecology of western Montana forest habitat types. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/int-gtr-223.

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Leu, Matthias, and Steve Knick. Wintering Ecology of Shrubland Birds: Linking Landscape and Habitat. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada547168.

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Finch, Deborah M. Population ecology, habitat requirements, and conservation of neotropical migratory birds. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rm-gtr-205.

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Crane, M. F., and William C. Fischer. Fire ecology of the forest habitat types of central Idaho. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/int-gtr-218.

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Smith, Jane Kapler, and William C. Fischer. Fire ecology of the forest habitat types of northern Idaho. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/int-gtr-363.

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Levings, C. D. Knowledge of fish ecology and its application to habitat management. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/215810.

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Mooney, T. A., Peter Tyack, Robin W. Baird, and Paul E. Nachtigall. Acoustic Behavior, Baseline Ecology and Habitat Use of Pelagic Odontocete Species of Concern. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada573565.

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Mooney, T. A., Peter Tyack, Robin W. Baird, and Paul E. Nachtigall. Acoustic Behavior, Baseline Ecology and Habitat use of Pelagic Odontocete Species of Concern. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada598605.

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Tyack, Peter L., T. A. Mooney, Robin W. Baird, and Paul E. Nachtigall. Acoustic Behavior, Baseline Ecology and Habitat Use of Pelagic Odontocete Species of Concern. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada598735.

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Axenrot, Thomas, Erik Degerman, and Anders Asp. Seasonal variation in thermal habitat volume for cold-water fish populations : implications for hydroacoustic survey design and stock assessment. Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.5i05rb1iu1.

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For accurate stock assessment, survey design must consider fish behavior and ecology. Yearlings and older individuals of the commercially exploited cold-water species vendace (Coregonus albula) are found below the metalimnion through periods of thermal stratification. These stratification periods generally last for 3-4 months, from the middle of summer to early autumn. In lakes with heterogeneous distribution of depths, the habitat volume for vendace vary drastically within and across years, which affects the distribution and population densities. Variable thermal habitat volumes, with food and oxygen depletion in the hypolimnion through the period of stratification, may act as a population size-regulating factor. Using hydroacoustics in combination with trawl data and temperature profiles, we examined the distribution of vendace through annual periods of thermal stratification. We found that yearling and older vendace these periods were confined to cold-water habitat volumes representing less than 10 % of the total water volume of Lake Mälaren, the third largest lake in Sweden. By introducing stratification to the design of hydroacoustic surveys supported by midwater trawling, seasonal aggregations of fish in temporally restricted thermal habitat volumes can be used to lower survey effort and improve the precision in estimates of population size. Temporally restricted habitat volumes may induce risks for the populations to over-fishing and sensitivity to environmental changes that potentially may call for directed management.

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