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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 6 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Group-By Operator"

1

WEI, GUI-WU. "UNCERTAIN LINGUISTIC HYBRID GEOMETRIC MEAN OPERATOR AND ITS APPLICATION TO GROUP DECISION MAKING UNDER UNCERTAIN LINGUISTIC ENVIRONMENT." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 17, no. 02 (April 2009): 251–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021848850900584x.

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Анотація:
In this paper, we propose an uncertain linguistic hybrid geometric mean (ULHGM) operator, which is based on the uncertain linguistic weighted geometric mean (ULWGM) operator and the uncertain linguistic ordered weighted geometric (ULOWG) operator proposed by Xu [Z. S. Xu, "An approach based on the uncertain LOWG and induced uncertain LOWG operators to group decision making with uncertain multiplicative linguistic preference relations", Decision Support Systems41 (2006) 488–499] and study some desirable properties of the ULHGM operator. We have proved both ULWGM and ULOWG operators are the special case of the ULHGM operator. The ULHGM operator generalizes both the ULWGM and ULOWG operators, and reflects the importance degrees of both the given arguments and their ordered positions. Based on the ULWGM and ULHGM operators, we propose a practical method for multiple attribute group decision making with uncertain linguistic preference relations. Finally, an illustrative example demonstrates the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed method.
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2

Selvaraj, Jeevaraj, Prakash Gatiyala, and Sarfaraz Hashemkhani Zolfani. "Trapezoidal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Power Heronian Aggregation Operator and Its Applications to Multiple-Attribute Group Decision-Making." Axioms 11, no. 11 (October 25, 2022): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms11110588.

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Decision-making problems involve imprecise and incomplete information that can be modelled well using intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (IFNs). Various IFNs are available in the literature for modelling such problems. However, trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (TrIFNs) are widely used. It is mainly because of the flexibility in capturing the incompleteness that occurs in the data. Aggregation operators play a vital role in real-life decision-making problems (modelled under an intuitionistic fuzzy environment). Different aggregation operators are available in the literature for better decision-making. Various aggregation operators are introduced in the literature as a generalization to the conventional aggregation functions defined on the set of real numbers. Each aggregation operator has a specific purpose in solving the problems effectively. In recent years, the power average (PA) operator has been used to reduce the effect of biased data provided by decision-makers. Similarly, the Heronian mean (HM) operator has a property that considers the inter-relationship among various criteria available in the decision-making problem. In this paper, we have considered both the operators (HM, PA) to introduce a new aggregation operator (on the set of TrIFNs), which takes advantage of both properties of these operators. In this study, firstly, we propose the idea of a trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy power Heronian aggregation (TrIFPHA) operator and a trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy power weighted Heronian aggregation (TrIFPWHA) operator by combining the idea of the Heronian mean operator and power average operator in real numbers. Secondly, we study different mathematical properties of the proposed aggregation operators by establishing a few essential theorems. Thirdly, we discuss a group decision-making algorithm for solving problems modelled under a trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy environment. Finally, we show the applicability of the group decision-making algorithm by solving a numerical case problem, and we compare the proposed method’s results with existing methods.
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3

Chen, Chung-Chuan, Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaie, and Ali Mohammadi. "Chaotic Cosine Operator Functions Generated by Group Actions." Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science 44, no. 2 (March 26, 2020): 465–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40995-020-00850-2.

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4

Park, Jin Han, Jong Jin Seo, Young Chel Kwun, and Ja Hong Koo. "An Approach Based on Power Generalized Aggregation Operator to Decision Making." Advanced Materials Research 542-543 (June 2012): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.542-543.198.

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Анотація:
The power average (PA) operator and power generalized mean (PGM) operator, proposed by Yager [15], are the nonlinear weighted aggregation tools whose weighting vectors depend on input arguments. In this paper, we study the power generalized mean (PGM) operator and its weighted form, and develop a power ordered weighted generalized mean (POWGM) operator, and study some properties of these operators. The relationship between the PGM operator and other existing operators is also discussed. Moreover, we utilize the weighted PGM operator to develop an approach to group decision making.
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5

Rong, Yuan, Yi Liu, and Zheng Pei. "Novel Multiple Attribute Group Decision-Making Methods Based on Linguistic Intuitionistic Fuzzy Information." Mathematics 8, no. 3 (March 2, 2020): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8030322.

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Анотація:
As an effective technique to qualitatively depict assessment information, a linguistic intuitionistic fuzzy number (LIFN) is more appropriate to portray vagueness and indeterminacy in actual situations than intuitionistic fuzzy number (IFN). The prominent feature of a Muirhead mean (MM) operator is that it has the powerful ability to capture the correlations between any input-data and MM operator covers other common operators by assigning the different parameter vectors. In the article, we first analyze the limitations of the existing ranking approaches of LIFN and propose a novel ranking approach to surmount these limitations. Secondly, we propound several novel MM operators to fuse linguistic intuitionistic fuzzy (LIF) information, such as the LIF Muirhead mean (LIFMM) operator, the weighted LIF Muirhead mean (WLIFMM) operator and their dual operators, the LIFDMM operator and the WLIFDMM operator. Subsequently, we discuss several desirable properties along with exceptional cases of them. Moreover, two novel multiple attribute group decision-making approaches are developed based upon these operators. Ultimately, the effectuality and practicability of the propounded methods are validated through dealing with a global supplier selection issue, and the comparative analysis and the merits of the presented approaches are demonstrated by comparing them with existing approaches.
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6

Fahmi, Aliya, Fazli Amin, Saleem Abdullah, and Muhammad Shakeel. "Power Average Operators of Trapezoidal Cubic Fuzzy Numbers and Application to Multi-attribute Group Decision Making." Journal of Intelligent Systems 29, no. 1 (December 24, 2019): 1643–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2018-0122.

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Abstract Trapezoidal cubic fuzzy numbers (TzCFNs) are an extraordinary cubic fuzzy set on a real number set. TzCFNs are useful for dealing with well-known quantities in decision data and decision making problems themselves. This paper is about multi-attribute group decision making problems in which the attribute values are stated with TzCFNs, which are solved by developing a new decision method based on power average operators of TzCFNs. The new operation laws for TzCFNs are given. Hereby, the power average operator of real numbers is extended to four kinds of power average operators of TzCFNs, involving the power average operator of TzCFNs, the weighted power average operator of TzCFNs, the power ordered weighted average operator of TzCFNs, and the power hybrid average operator of TzCFNs. In the proposed group decision method, the individual overall evaluation values of alternatives are generated by using the power average operator of TzCFNs. Applying the hybrid average operator of TzCFNs, the specific general evaluation standards of alternatives are then combined into the collective ones, which are used to rank the alternatives. The example analysis shows the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed method.
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7

Urbański, Aleksander. "Entropy of a Convolution Operator." Open Systems & Information Dynamics 11, no. 01 (March 2004): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:opsy.0000024758.63038.dd.

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Анотація:
The concept of the entropy of a doubly stochastic operator was introduced in 1999 by Ghys, Langevin, and Walczak. The idea was developed further by Kamiński and de Sam Lazaro, who also conjectured that the entropy of a convolution operator determined by a probability measure on a compact abelian group is equal to zero. We prove that this is true when the group is connected and the convolution operator is determined by a measure absolutely continuous with respect to the normalized Haar measure. Our result provides also a characterization of the set of doubly stochastic operators with non-zero entropy.
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8

Oliva-Maza, J. "On Lie group representations and operator ranges." Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 149, no. 10 (July 21, 2021): 4317–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/proc/15554.

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In this paper, Lie group representations on Hilbert spaces are studied in relation with operator ranges. Let R \mathcal {R} be an operator range of a Hilbert space H \mathcal {H} . Given the set Λ \Lambda of R \mathcal {R} -invariant operators, and given a Lie group representation ρ : G → GL ( H ) \rho :G\rightarrow \text {GL}(\mathcal {H}) , we discuss the induced semigroup homomorphism ρ ~ : ρ − 1 ( Λ ) → B ( R ) \widetilde {\rho }: \rho ^{-1}(\Lambda ) \rightarrow \mathcal {B(R)} for the operator range topology on R \mathcal {R} . In one direction, we work under the assumption ρ − 1 ( Λ ) = G \rho ^{-1} (\Lambda ) = G , so ρ ~ : G → B ( R ) \widetilde {\rho }:G\rightarrow \mathcal {B}(\mathcal {R}) is in fact a group representation. In this setting, we prove that ρ ~ \widetilde {\rho } is continuous (and smooth) if and only if the tangent map d ρ d\rho is R \mathcal {R} -invariant. In another direction, we prove that for the tautological representations of unitary or invertible operators of an arbitrary infinite-dimensional Hilbert space H \mathcal {H} , the set ρ − 1 ( Λ ) \rho ^{-1}(\Lambda ) is neither a group for a large set of nonclosed operator ranges R \mathcal {R} nor closed for all nonclosed operator ranges R \mathcal {R} . Both results are proved by means of explicit counterexamples.
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9

Khameneh, Azadeh, and Adem Kiliçman. "m-Polar Fuzzy Soft Weighted Aggregation Operators and Their Applications in Group Decision-Making." Symmetry 10, no. 11 (November 13, 2018): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym10110636.

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Анотація:
Aggregation operators are important tools for solving multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problems. The main challenging issue for aggregating data in a MAGDM problem is how to develop a symmetric aggregation operator expressing the decision makers’ behavior. In the literature, there are some methods dealing with this difficulty; however, they lack an effective approach for multi-polar inputs. In this study, a new aggregation operator for m-polar fuzzy soft sets (M-pFSMWM) reflecting different agreement scenarios within a group is presented to proceed MAGDM problems in which both attributes and experts have different weights. Moreover, some desirable properties of M-pFSMWM operator, such as idempotency, monotonicity, and commutativity (symmetric), that means being invariant under any permutation of the input arguments, are studied. Further, m-polar fuzzy soft induced ordered weighted average (M-pFSIOWA) operator and m-polar fuzzy soft induced ordered weighted geometric (M-pFSIOWG) operator, which are extensions of IOWA and IOWG operators, respectively, are developed. Two algorithms are also designed based on the proposed operators to find the final solution in MAGDM problems with weighted multi-polar fuzzy soft information. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed methods is illustrated by some numerical examples. The characteristic comparison of the proposed aggregation operators shows the M-pFSMWM operator is more adaptable for solving MAGDM problems in which different cases of agreement affect the final outcome.
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10

Wang, Weize, and Xinwang Liu. "SOME HESITANT FUZZY GEOMETRIC OPERATORS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO MULTIPLE ATTRIBUTE GROUP DECISION MAKING." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 20, no. 3 (June 9, 2014): 371–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2013.877094.

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Анотація:
Hesitant fuzzy set (HFS), a generalization of fuzzy set (FS), permits the membership degree of an element of a set to be represented as several possible values between 0 and 1. In this paper, motivated by the extension principle of HFs, we export Einstein operations on FSs to HFs, and develop some new aggregation operators, such as the hesitant fuzzy Einstein weighted geometric operator, hesitant fuzzy Einstein ordered weighted geometric operator, and hesitant fuzzy Einstein hybrid weighted geometric operator, for aggregating hesitant fuzzy elements. In addition, we discuss the correlations between the proposed aggregation operators and the existing ones respectively. Finally, we apply the hesitant fuzzy Einstein weighted geometric operator to multiple attribute group decision making with hesitant fuzzy information. Some numerical examples are given to illustrate the proposed aggregation operators.
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Дисертації з теми "Group-By Operator"

1

Hess, Martin Christopher. "The Australian Federal Police as an International Actor: Diplomacy by Default." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144278.

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Under traditional International relations theory, diplomacy relates to relations between sovereign nations. There have been two broad schools of thought on the dynamics behind these relations: the ‘realist’ school, which tends to consider power and conflict as the major lens through which such should be viewed, and the ‘idealist’ school which tended to focus on cooperation rather than conflict. Between these two extreme views, a third school, the English School of International Relations, also known as the British Institutionalists, provides somewhat of a compromise view, acknowledging the merit of both realism and idealism, by accepting that power remains an important element but also advocating that acceptance of common norms and institutions plays a significant role in determining relations, or the International Society between states. In 1977 Hedley Bull offered the following definition of International Society when he stated that International Society … exists when a group of states, conscious of certain common interests and common values, form a society in the sense that they conceive themselves to be bound by a common set of rules in their relations with one another, and share in the working of common institutions. This thesis is not specifically related to International Relations theory, which deals with inter-state relations. Whilst inter-state conflict and international relations remain important drivers of foreign and military policy, there is a growing recognition that it is intra-state conflict avoidance and post-conflict reconstruction which increasingly mitigate the risk to the safety, security, peace and prosperity of nations and regions. Much of this disquiet has its roots in maladministration, poor governance and a lack of justice. These are areas in which traditional approaches to foreign intervention via trade, aid and military force have limited effect, and in which effective consent-based policing and justice can play a significant part in building sustainable and peaceful outcomes. This thesis discusses the role played by a non-traditional actor in the international arena, the police, specifically the Australian Federal Police (AFP), in addressing some of these intra-state justice and governance issues in a constantly changing, unstable and unpredictable global and regional environment. The thesis is intended to outline the diversity and versatility of AFP activities and to contextualise them in terms of non-traditional New Diplomacy. The aspects of diplomacy of most significance relate to diplomatic qualities or traits of the individual police officer, diplomatic behaviours of these members, and diplomatic outcomes of their activities. As such the thesis does not relate directly to International Relations theory or to International Society, as espoused by Hedley Bull. There are, however, some interesting intersections which are worthy of note. There are some critics of the English School who argue that it is Eurocentric. Today’s International Relations originated in the 19th century when a number of European nations formed a club of ‘civilised’ states bound by international law, which expanded around the globe to involve all nations. This concept has been used to explain the lack of imperative for a supra-state or world government to maintain orderly inter-state relations, as the force which binds them is consent to agree to common interest and values within a global rules-based order. In terms of policing on an international scale, global government is simply too unwieldy. There are a number of global, consent-based institutions such as the United Nations and INTERPOL, which fulfil this requirement to a certain extent. The AFP has had long involvement with both of these global institutions, as well as several regional policing institutions. In terms of conflict-oriented ‘realism’ and cooperative ‘idealism’, policing walks both sides of the street. As this thesis will discuss, the whole posture of liberal-democratic policing is conflict prevention, and the means by which such police carry out their daily duties is by cooperation. This is the context in which replication or expansion of International Society should be considered in relation to the activities of the AFP internationally and regionally. This thesis is by definition Eurocentric, or more specifically Anglo-centric, due to the historical fact that the AFP draws all of its principles from Australia’s British antecedents and adheres to a largely ‘western’ or European notion of human rights values. This thesis explores the role of the AFP as an international actor. The thesis asserts that effective international policing has never been more important in linking the international with the domestic. The way the AFP operates in a landscape where traditional policing paradigms are rapidly changing, due to ever-changing, political, diplomatic, and transnational issues, is examined in the context of the ‘globalisation paradox’, of both needing and fearing, global governance simultaneously, as raised by Anne-Marie Slaughter in her book, A New World Order. The way the organisation has evolved from its origins, based on Western liberal-democratic policing values, approaches and skills, to an organisation involved in international policing and diplomacy at the highest levels, while still retaining its liberal-democratic credentials is explained. It is argued that in the contemporary international and Australian context, the AFP is an effective and experienced agency. It is further argued that this is a distinctive form of new diplomacy, appropriate to an increasingly globalised world. The AFP has established an extensive international network in more than 30 countries, has been a consistent contributor to national security, has participated in numerous international deployments over half a century, and continues to play a meaningful role in Australian foreign policy efforts. The thesis provides evidence to show how AFP officers exhibit diplomatic qualities similar to those listed by Daryl Copeland in his book Guerrilla Diplomacy , as well as those mentioned by Christopher Meyer in his book Getting Our Way. In all of its international endeavours, AFP members have demonstrated, in varying degrees, the three enduring elements of diplomacy as outlined by Jonsson and Hall in their book The Essence of Diplomacy. They have communicated and negotiated in some very challenging circumstances and they are representatives of the Australian Government and its humanitarian values. The AFP, as part of broader efforts with institutions such as the UN, have not so much sought a replication of international society, as mentioned by Jonsson and Hall, but have provided a supplement to international society, by effective networking, thereby addressing in large part, Slaughter’s ‘globalisation paradox’. It is not so much universal police homogeneity which is sought by such endeavours, as a balance between it, and the heterogeneity which is inevitably associated with cultures transitioning from custom and tradition, to 21st century expectations of nationhood. The way the AFP’s transnational operations, activities, and deployments, not only serve perceived national interests, but result in more effective regional governance, is identified as ‘diplomacy by default’, because formal Track I diplomacy is not their primary objective. It will be demonstrated how international diplomacy, while generally conducted with perceived national interests as its primary goal, has a secondary benefit, good international citizenship, and that the AFP has a credible history of serving both. It is argued that the AFP is well positioned within government, law and intelligence and security circles, in the Australian and international contexts, through an extensive liaison officer network in South-East Asia, the South-West Pacific as well as more broadly. It will be demonstrated how the AFP has shown itself as capable and ready to respond effectively to extant and emerging challenges, and as such, has earned a place in foreign policy discussions and considerations at the highest diplomatic levels, including the UN. The AFP provides a distinctive and direct link between the global, the regional, and the domestic, which matches the rapidly globalised community it represents. The thesis confirms that international policing acts as a distinctive aspect of Australian ‘firm’ diplomacy, and supplements the more traditional elements of international engagement, between the ‘soft’ or traditional diplomacy, and the ‘hard’ form of military intervention. The evidence provided shows how it is by this form of whole-of-government activity, inclusive of policing, that stability and security are enhanced, and peace and prosperity are encouraged. Overall, the thesis affirms the AFP as a transnational agency, which is well placed to link the international with the domestic, the contextual with the aspirational, and the theoretical with the practical, in a period of strategic uncertainty in international affairs at the dawn of the Third Millennium.
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2

Garg, Vishesh. "Towards Designing PCM-Conscious Database Systems." Thesis, 2016. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4889.

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Phase Change Memory (PCM) is a recently developed non-volatile memory technology that is expected to provide an attractive combination of the best features of conventional disks (persistence, capacity) and of DRAM (access speed). For instance, it is about 2 to 4 times denser than DRAM, while providing a DRAM-comparable read latency. On the other hand, it consumes much less energy than magnetic hard disks while providing substantively smaller write latency. Due to this suite of desirable features, PCM technology is expected to play a prominent role in the next generation of computing systems, either augmenting or replacing current components in the memory hierarchy. A limitation of PCM, however, is that there is a significant difference between the read and write behaviors in terms of energy, latency and bandwidth. A PCM write, for example, consumes 6 times more energy than a read. Further, PCM has limited write endurance since a memory cell becomes unusable after the number of writes to the cell exceeds a threshold determined by the underlying glass material. Database systems, by virtue of dealing with enormous amounts of data, are expected to be a prime beneficiary of this new technology. Accordingly, recent research has investigated how database engines may be redesigned to suit DBMS deployments on PCM, covering areas such as indexing techniques, logging mechanisms and query processing algorithms. Prior database research has primarily focused on computing architectures wherein either a) PCM completely replaces the DRAM memory ; or b) PCM and DRAM co-exist side-by-side and are independently controlled by the software. However, a third option that is gaining favor in the architecture community is where the PCM is augmented with a small hardware-managed DRAM buffer. In this model, which we refer to as DRAM HARD, the address space of the application maps to PCM, and the DRAM buffer can simply be visualized as yet another level of the existing cache hierarchy. With most of the query processing research being preoccupied with the first two models, this third model has remained largely ignored. Moreover, even in this limited literature, the emphasis has been restricted to exploring execution-time strategies; the compile-time plan selection process itself being left unaltered. In this thesis, we propose minimalist reworkings of current implementations of database operators, that are tuned to the DRAM HARD model, to make them PCM-conscious. We also propose novel algorithms for compile-time query plan selection, thereby taking a holistic approach to introducing PCM-compliance in present-day database systems. Specifically, our contributions are two-fold, as outlined below. First, we address the pragmatic goal of minimally altering current implementations of database operators to make them PCM-conscious, the objective being to facilitate an easy transition to the new technology. Specifically, we target the implementations of the \workhorse" database operators: sort, hash join and group-by. Our customized algorithms and techniques for each of these operators are designed to significantly reduce the number of writes while simultaneously saving on execution times. For instance, in the case of sort operator, we perform an in-place partitioning of input data into DRAM-sized chunks so that the subsequent sorting of these chunks can finish inside the DRAM, consequently avoiding both intermediate writes and their associated latency overheads. Second, we redesign the query optimizer to suit the new environment of PCM. Each of the new operator implementations is accompanied by simple but effective write estimators that make these implementations suitable for incorporation in the optimizer. Current optimizers typically choose plans using a latency-based costing mechanism assigning equal costs to both read and write memory operations. The asymmetric read-write nature of PCM implies that these models are no longer accurate. We therefore revise the cost models to make them cognizant of this asymmetry by accounting for the additional latency during writes. Moreover, since the number of writes is critical to the lifespan of a PCM device, a new metric of write cost is introduced in the optimizer plan selection process, with its value being determined using the above estimators. Consequently, the query optimizer needs to select plans that simultaneously minimize query writes and response times. We propose two solutions for handling this dual-objective optimization problem. The first approach is a heuristic propagation algorithm that extends the widely used dynamic programming plan propagation procedure to drastically reduce the exponential search space of candidate plans. The algorithm uses the write costs of sub-plans at each of the operator nodes to decide which of them can be selectively pruned from further consideration. The second approach maps this optimization problem to the linear multiple-choice knapsack problem, and uses its greedy solution to return the nal plan for execution. This plan is known to be optimal within the set of non interesting-order plans in a single join order search space. Moreover, it may contain a weighted execution of two algorithms for one of the operator nodes in the plan tree. Therefore overall, while the greedy algorithm comes with optimality guarantees, the heuristic approach is advantageous in terms of easier implementation. The experimentation for our proposed techniques is conducted on Multi2sim, a state-of the- art cycle-accurate simulator. Since it does not have native support for PCM, we made a major extension to its existing memory module to model PCM device. Specifically, we added separate data tracking functionality for the DRAM and PCM resident data, to implement the commonly used read-before-write technique for PCM writes reduction. Similarly, modifications were made to Multi2sim's timing subsystem to account for the asymmetric read-write latencies of PCM. A new DRAM replacement policy called N-Chance, that has been shown to work well for PCM-based hardware, was also introduced. Our new techniques are evaluated on end-to-end TPC-H benchmark queries with regard to the following metrics: number of writes, response times and wear distribution. The experimental results indicate that, in comparison to their PCM-oblivious counterparts, the PCM-conscious operators collectively reduce the number of writes by a factor of 2 to 3, while concurrently improving the query response times by about 20% to 30%. When combined with the appropriate plan choices, the improvements are even higher. In the case of Query 19, for instance, we obtained a 64% savings in writes, while the response time came down to two-thirds of the original. In essence, our algorithms provide both short-term and long-term benefits. These outcomes augur well for database engines that wish to leverage the impending transition to PCM-based computing.
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Книги з теми "Group-By Operator"

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1946-, Sutherland Peter, and Commission of the European Communities. High Level Group on the Operation of Internal Market., eds. The internal market after 1992: Meeting the challenge : report to the EEC Commission by the High Level Group on the Operation of Internal Market. Brussels: [European Commission], 1992.

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2

1924-, Pinder John, Young John, and Federal Trust for Education and Research., eds. Paving the way: Next steps for monetary co-operation in Europe and the World; report of a Federal Trust Study Group chaired by the Rt. Hon.David Howell, MP. London: Federal Trust for Education and Research, 1987.

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3

Shivlani, Manoj. Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of management strategies and regulations of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary by commercial fishers, dive operators, and environmental group members: A baseline characterization and 10-year comparison. Silver Spring, Md: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, Office of National Marine Sanctuaries, 2008.

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4

Subcommittee on Regulations and Healthcare hearing on health IT adoption and the new challenges faced by solo and small group health care practices: Hearing before the Committee on Small Business, United States House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, first session, hearing held June 24, 2009. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2009.

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5

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Group of National Experts on Safety and Biotechnology. Working Group III, Safety Assessment, Micro-organisms Subgroup., ed. Non-target effects of live vaccines: Langen, Germany, November 3-5, 1993 : proceedings of a workshop / organized by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OCDE), Group of National Experts on Safety in Biotechnology, Working Group III, Safety Assessment, Micro-organisms Subgroup. Basel: Karger, 1995.

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6

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Ministerial Council. Meeting. Statement by the Chairman-in -Office of the OSCE at the closing session of the Fifteenth Meeting of the Ministerial Council, Madrid, 30 November 2007: Report of the Chair of the informal working group at expert level tasked with finalizing a draft convention on the international legal personality, legal capacity, and privileges and immunities of the OSCE. [Vienna, Austria: OSCE], 2007.

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7

Donders, Yvonne. Law and cultural diversity: Proceedings of a workshop, organised by the Working Group "Law and Cultural Diversity" in co-operation with the School of Human Rights Research, the Netherlands, 25 September 1998. Edited by Working Group "Law and Cultural Diversity." and School of Human Rights Research. Utrecht: Studie- en Informatiecentrum Mensenrechten, 1999.

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8

Institution of Mechanical Engineers (Great Britain) and Institution of Mechanical Engineers (Great Britain). Combustion Engines Group., eds. Design and operation of engines in hazardous atmospheres: Papers presented at a seminar organized by the Combustion Engines Group of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers and held at the Institution of Mechanical Engineers on 3 September 1987. London: Published by Mechanical Engineering Publications for the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1987.

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International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (8th 1985 Montréal, Québec). Research and development in information retrieval: Eight Annual International ACM SIGIR (Association for Computing Machinery, Special Interest Group in Information Retrieval) Conference co-sponsored by the Canadian Association for Information Science/L'Association canadienne des science d'information in co-operation with the Canadian Information Processing Society, Gesellschaft Für Informatik, British Computer Society, Montréal, Québec, Canada, June 5-7, 1985. --. New York, N.Y: Association for Computing Machinery, 1985.

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Deaerator Performance Monitoring and Inspection Guideline. ASME, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.885741.

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The ASME steam/water cycle equipment performance monitoring and inspection guideline series focuses on specific pieces of equipment in the steam/water cycle and provides the user with information on how to plan for, conduct, and interpret the results of equipment inspections. This guideline was prepared by a task group of this subcommittee under the guidance of Colleen M. Scholl. The task group consisted of representatives of manufacturers, operators, and consultants involved with the design, manufacture, operation, and monitoring of industrial and utility deaerators and deaerating heaters. Members of this group are listed in the acknowledgments. The ASME Research and Technology Committee will review, revise, and reissue this document from time to time as necessary to comply with advances in technology in the design of these units and the water treatment options.
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Частини книг з теми "Group-By Operator"

1

Goswami, Debashish, and Soumalya Joardar. "Deformation by Dual Unitary Cocycles and Generalized Fixed Point Algebra for Quantum Group Actions." In Operator Algebras and Mathematical Physics, 57–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18182-0_3.

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Ohkawa, Kazuya, Takanori Shibata, and Kazuo Tanie. "Method for Controlling a Group of Robots by an Operator." In Distributed Autonomous Robotic Systems 3, 309–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72198-4_30.

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3

Cornelissen, Gunther, and Norbert Peyerimhoff. "Spectra, Group Representations and Twisted Laplacians." In Twisted Isospectrality, Homological Wideness, and Isometry, 17–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27704-7_3.

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AbstractIn this chapter, we review basic notions about spectra, group representations, and twisted Laplace operators. We first recall how to define the spectrum and the spectral zeta function for a general symmetric second order elliptic differential operator acting on smooth sections of a Hermitian line bundle. We prove that the non-zero spectrum (i.e., the spectral zeta function) determines the entire spectrum on an odd-dimensional manifold, but also give an example showing that this is not always true for even-dimensional manifolds; the example is obstructed by the non-vanishing of some topological genus. After setting up some notation from representation theory, we discuss G-sets and weak conjugacy (“Gaßmann equivalence”) of subgroups of a group, explaining the interrelations. In the final sections, we introduce twisted Laplacians, corresponding to unitary representations of the fundamental group. After this, we focus on the case of a twisted Laplacian arising from a finite Galois cover of manifolds and we relate the spectrum on the top manifold to that of the induced representation on the bottom manifold. We relate the multiplicity of zero in the spectrum to the multiplicity of the trivial representation in the given representation, and finally we show that, contrary to the general case, the multiplicity of zero in the spectrum of a twisted Laplacian is determined from the non-zero spectrum, provided one also knows the usual Laplace spectrum of the manifold.
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4

Nuida, Koji. "Towards Constructing Fully Homomorphic Encryption without Ciphertext Noise from Group Theory." In International Symposium on Mathematics, Quantum Theory, and Cryptography, 57–78. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5191-8_8.

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Abstract In CRYPTO 2008, 1 year earlier than Gentry’s pioneering “bootstrapping” technique for the first fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) scheme, Ostrovsky and Skeith III had suggested a completely different approach towards achieving FHE. They showed that the $$\mathsf {NAND}$$ operator can be realized in some non-commutative groups; consequently, homomorphically encrypting the elements of the group will yield an FHE scheme, without ciphertext noise to be bootstrapped. However, no observations on how to homomorphically encrypt the group elements were presented in their paper, and there have been no follow-up studies in the literature. The aim of this paper is to exhibit more clearly what is sufficient and what seems to be effective for constructing FHE schemes based on their approach. First, we prove that it is sufficient to find a surjective homomorphism $$\pi :\widetilde{G} \rightarrow G$$ between finite groups for which bit operators are realized in G and the elements of the kernel of $$\pi $$ are indistinguishable from the general elements of $$\widetilde{G}$$. Secondly, we propose new methodologies to realize bit operators in some groups G. Thirdly, we give an observation that a naive approach using matrix groups would never yield secure FHE due to an attack utilizing the “linearity” of the construction. Then we propose an idea to avoid such “linearity” by using combinatorial group theory. Concretely realizing FHE schemes based on our proposed framework is left as a future research topic.
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5

Laverde, Natan A., Mirela T. Cazzolato, Agma J. M. Traina, and Caetano Traina. "Semantic Similarity Group By Operators for Metric Data." In Similarity Search and Applications, 247–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68474-1_17.

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Guillemin, Victor, Viktor Ginzburg, and Yael Karshon. "Cobordism invariance of the index of a transversally elliptic operator, by Maxim Braverman." In Moment Maps, Cobordisms, and Hamiltonian Group Actions, 327–38. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/surv/098/18.

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Camporesi, Francesco, Patrizio Frosini, and Nicola Quercioli. "On a New Method to Build Group Equivariant Operators by Means of Permutants." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 265–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99740-7_18.

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Melnik, Eduard, Irina Safronenkova, and Sergey Kapustyan. "The Efficiency Improvement of Robots Group Operation by Means of Workload Relocation." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 126–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87725-5_11.

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Zhang, Hao, Yuetao Wang, Yuhan Tan, and Jilong Zhao. "Parametric Skin Design Method Based on Plane Crystallographic Group Operation Principle." In Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication, 25–39. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8637-6_3.

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AbstractUnder the dual constraints of industrialization and digitalization, the building skin and structure are further integrated to form standardized units to meet the requirements of architectural performance, industrial prefabrication and “complexity” aesthetic characteristics. The complex and diverse forms of today's building skin hide profound mathematical logic relations and operation rules of form generation. Crystallographic group with regular symmetry and the operation principles reflected by it is one of the most important rules and methods of form and pattern processing in skin design. The study of the mural symbols in ancient Egypt, the murals in the Alhambra, the manuscripts of Escher and the window lattice in ancient Chinese architecture profoundly reflects the basic operation principle of crystal group in shaping the skin form of architecture. Abundant and diverse architectural skin forms can be formed through the operation of symmetry group on basic graphic units. On the basis of clarifying the basic principle of crystal group action, the operation matrix of crystallographic symmetry group can be transformed into parameterized operation steps through programming language for visual operation, and then the skin form with high complexity and leap dimension can be generated by geometric algorithm, and the design method of building skin generation based on crystallographic group is constructed. In the selection of operation form, combined with the calculation of building performance and structure, the construction skin can be used in practical engineering is generated. Based on crystallographic group operation, the unifications of building skin and the classification simplification of components can meet the requirements of modular and unifications design in the process of building industrialization, and meet the requirements of current building industrialization and digitization. It has great research significance and value in the aspects of design and construction efficiency and material economic cost.
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Bandyszak, Torsten, Lisa Jöckel, Michael Kläs, Sebastian Törsleff, Thorsten Weyer, and Boris Wirtz. "Handling Uncertainty in Collaborative Embedded Systems Engineering." In Model-Based Engineering of Collaborative Embedded Systems, 147–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62136-0_7.

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AbstractAs collaborative embedded systems operate autonomously in highly dynamic contexts, they must be able to handle uncertainties that can occur during operation. On the one hand, they must be able to handle uncertainties due to the imprecision of sensors and the behavior of data-driven components for perceiving and interpreting the context to enable decisions to be made during operation. On the other hand, uncertainties can emerge from the collaboration in a collaborative group, related to the exchange of information (e.g., context knowledge) between collaborative systems. This chapter presents methods for modeling uncertainty early in development and analyzing uncertainty during both design and operation. These methods allow for the identification of epistemic uncertainties that can occur when various, potentially heterogeneous systems are required to collaborate. The methods also enable graphical and formal modeling of uncertainties and their impact on system behavior (e.g., in the course of dynamic traffic scenarios). Furthermore, this chapter investigates the quality of outputs issued by data-driven models used to equip collaborative embedded systems with uncertainty-resilient machine learning capability.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Group-By Operator"

1

Diveev, A. I., and E. Yu Shmalko. "Optimal control synthesis for group of robots by multilayer network operator." In 2016 International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/codit.2016.7593538.

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2

"On the operator group generated by a one-dimensional Dirac system." In Уфимская осенняя математическая школа - 2022. Т.1. Baskir State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33184/mnkuomsh1t-2022-09-28.21.

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3

Wu, Jian, and Qing-Wei Cao. "An OWA Operator Based Approach to Aggregate Group Opinion by Similarity Degree." In 2011 Fourth International Conference on Business Intelligence and Financial Engineering (BIFE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bife.2011.13.

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4

Khachumov, Mikhail, and Vyacheslav Khachumov. "The Model of Managing a Group of UAVs by a Single Operator for Tasks Requiring Increased Attention." In 2023 International Conference on Industrial Engineering, Applications and Manufacturing (ICIEAM). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icieam57311.2023.10139304.

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5

Kauderer, Mark. "k-dimensional Fourier transforms in n-dimensional first order systems." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.thg1.

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Ordinarily, having an n-dimensional operator relation implies operator relations for all dimensions less than n as well. However, for Fourier transforms this is not so. Only the effect of one-dimensional Fourier transforms in two-dimensional first order systems has been solved previously.1 A partial Fourier transform applied to a nonsingular linear transformation produces a Ohio' transformation, i.e., a matrix pivot. This implies a new definition of the symplectic group SP(n, C) for n ≥ 4 as the group generated by n-dimensional nonsingular linear transformations and the n one-dimensional Fourier transforms. This also provides an alternative method for generalizing low-dimensional results to higher dimensions. Several apparently new determinantal identities generalizing Chio's theorem are immediate consequences.
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Sharp, Andrew, Christina Petlowany, and Mitch Pryor. "Virtual Fixture Augmentation of Operator Selection of Non-Contact Material Reduction Task Paths." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-82398.

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Decommissioning of nuclear systems and consolidation of resulting waste remains a major hurdle for the industry. The radioactive nature of nuclear waste makes manual handling unfeasible, while teleoperation and inflexible automation also have drawbacks. This effort utilizes virtual fixtures to augment path creation for non-contact material reduction tasks. It builds on previous Nuclear and Applied Robotics Group work with Variable Normal Surface Virtual Fixtures, which generate surfaces offset from task surfaces. Offset surfaces can then provide poses at a set orientation to task surfaces. Once the Variable Normal Surface Virtual Fixture is generated from task information, operators build a list of desired path poses. The Robot Operating System Descartes package takes the pose list and plans a smooth trajectory for task execution. Planar and cylindrical demonstrations based on experimental studies at the United Kingdom’s Sellafield site were performed. This methodology augments waste reduction by allowing flexible laser cutting routes.
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Köhler, Marcel. "On Understanding and Required Actions in Tasks of Written Examinations." In International Conference on Education. The International Institute of Knowledge Management, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/24246700.2020.6206.

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The study deals with the conscious use of the medium "language" in the design of vocational teaching/learning processes in order to make the examination and assessment process of learning outcomes more transparent and appropriate. For this purpose, the study focuses on the use of tasks in written examinations in vocational teaching and in particular on the operators used in these. The question will be investigated as to whether the teaching of operator meanings and the actions required with them leads to an improvement in the results of processing and the understanding of tasks among learners. The theoretical approach is based on the knowledge and action theory of AEBLI (1980; 1981), on the basis of which an instrument is developed for verifying the understanding of tasks. To answer the question, a quasi-experimental intervention study in pretest posttest design with one experimental and control group (n=42) is carried out. For this purpose, the instrument is used to verify the understanding of the tasks in the vocation "educator" at a vocational school. For the development of the treatment, selected operators are conceptually defined, which are frequently used in written final examinations of this profession. The experimental results show that instruction on operators has a significant positive effect on the results of the tasks performed by the learners in the experimental group. This is also obvious for an improved understanding of the learner's tasks, since here too there are significant positive changes in individual segments of understanding. Finally, conclusions are derived for the development of a mutual understanding of the tasks of teachers and learners as well as for the pedagogical-practical activity of vocational teaching. Keywords: operator, academic-pedagogical special language, speech comprehension, didactic order
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Munier, Bertrand, Pierre Besse, and Marc Lassagne. "Safety Policy as a Tool in New Technology Offering: A Flow Assurance Case." In 25th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2006-92388.

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Flow Assurance technologies are currently experiencing steady progress. Most new technologies are in many ways riskier than older ones, but they are also more efficient. It would be optimal for offshore operators ready to buy some novel technology to select the right offer, given their respective safety policies, from all existing possibilities. But operators hardly know of all these possibilities; the contractors who develop new technology do. But how could the latter optimally select the design option which should be offered to a given operator, to best serve its needs? The present paper deals with this question by connecting technical possibilities with company strategies in an integrated and quantified model: the output data of a physical model are entered as input into a psycho-management risk model. As a result, one can compute optimal characteristics for each operator of a new technology. This helps the contractor sell and monitor its offer under uncertainty. It also induces the operator to buy the innovative technology. We use some specific software developed at GRID (Group of research on Risk, Information and Decision, affiliated to ENSAM) to assess safety policies of operators. A real case is analyzed and presented. We argue that our model produces insight, by revealing knowledge which officers of the contractor company in long lasting contact with a given operator have internally accumulated, but which they are not able to express under any operational format. Such knowledge is ignored by industrial engineering, but often turns out to be richer than what can be extracted from any available data. One difficulty is to manage the software’s session in such a way that officers will answer the questions. The other difficulty is to convince engineering and risk managers that the “Human factor” is much richer than it is given credit for in textbooks and even more accurate than most existing data. Thus, we substantially improve existing industrial management techniques as currently applied to offshore technology, and more generally existing practice in the industry.
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Strubergs, Aigars, Andis Lazdins, and Linards Sisenis. "Evaluation of the attendance of refresher courses for forestry machine operators." In Research for Rural Development 2022 : annual 28th international scientific conference proceedings. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.28.2022.012.

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The study finds out the forest machine operators’ opinion about the need for refresher courses, the quality of the courses, the knowledge and skills gained as a result of attending the courses. As part of the research, a questionnaire was compiled and sent to forest machine operators who have attended courses at the Forest Machine Operator Training Center in the last 4 years to improve their professional skills. The questionnaire was prepared and sent electronically at the end of 2021. Within two months, the questionnaire was completed by 147 operators. The aim of the survey is to find out the operators’ opinion about attending refresher courses, and whether operators acquire the necessary knowledge and skills in refresher courses, which would increase their productivity. Among the surveyed operators, operators in the age group up to 30 years with work experience on the respective machine under 5 years were more interested in refresher courses, while operators in the age group over 41 years of age having work experience over 5 years were less interested in the refresher courses. It was found that 30% of forwarders and 33% of CTL (Cut-To-Length) harvester operators attend refresher courses on their initiative, while all forwarders operators and 65% of harvester operators attend refresher courses on the initiative of the employer. 75% of forwarder operators and 66% of harvester operators stated that they had acquired additional new knowledge and skills as a result of their training, as a result of which their professional qualification level as well as productivity increased.
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Dunlop, A. M., W. J. Firth, and E. M. Wright. "Generalized Master Equation Models for Kerr Lens Mode-Locking." In Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1996.nme.21.

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We recently presented [1] the following “master equation” [2] applicable to any nonlinear cavity with linear properties describable by an ABCD matrix and with one nonlinear interaction per round trip: The intra-cavity field E is a function of fast (t) and slow (T) times, as well as r → ⊥ , the transverse position vector. ∇⊥ is the transverse gradient operator, and cosψ = S. Here S = (A + D)/2. We have included typical operators for gain and dispersion [2], and so the round-trip time TR is that based on the group velocity. To describe KLM, we specialize the nonlinear function N(E) to the Kerr form N(E) = iη|E|2E, which requires that the ABCD elements be calculated at the Kerr lens.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Group-By Operator"

1

Kamaté, Caroline. Industrial safety in a changing world. Foundation for an Industrial Safety Culture, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57071/240fut.

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This Cahier de la sécurité industrielle (Industrial Safety Notebook) is the result of work carried out by the FonCSI’s “Operator of the future – Work and workers in the 2040’s” Strategic Analysis Scientific Group. Focused around a core of academic researchers, the group also brought together experts from FonCSI’s sponsors. It met fifteen times to explore the impact of current and future global developments on industrial safety in 2040. This Cahier presents a summary of its work.
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2

DeWolf. L52137 Risk Assessment Methodology for Releases from Underground Storage Near-Well Equipment. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), March 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011003.

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A risk assessment methodology was developed for atmospheric, accidental natural gas and highly volatile liquid releases from near-well equipment, for underground storage in caverns and formations (gas only). The assessment was based on certain standard configurations defined by an Industry Project Group associated with this study. Fault trees we developed for storage well components associated with the following equipment modules: the meter run, wellhead, downhole, emergency shutdown, and displacement brine (HVL storage only) subsystems. Risk was assessed as the probability of a significant hydrocarbon release. Data for populating the fault tree examples were taken from open literature sources of generic data; based on operator experience; and based on engineering judgment. Opportunities for further development and enhancement of the current methodology and results are discussed.
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3

Jaske and Hart. L52047 PRCI Pipeline Repair Manual 6th Edition. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010249.

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Note the PRCI Pipeline Repair Manual 2021 Edition is now available and supersedes this edition. The 2021 Edition is available here. Technology advancements in materials, techniques, new products, procedures, etc. offer pipeline companies the opportunity to extend the safe life of assets in place. A comprehensive Pipeline Repair Manual is needed to address these new advances, provide engineering guidance to choose appropriate repair techniques for specific defects in pipelines. This new updated Pipeline Repair Manual provides guidance to pipeline operators as they: (1) choose appropriate repair techniques for specific defects in in-service pipelines; (2) develop or enhance their own procedures and/or manuals for pipeline repairs; (3) or train or qualify maintenance personnel. The manual presents a catalog of known pipeline repair techniques, and discusses the various types of pipeline defects that lend themselves to being repaired while in-service. A matrix is provided to match defects in need of repair with appropriate repair methods. In addition defect assessment methods are presented as are safety considerations related to making in-service repairs. The manual is divided into the following major sections: (1) Response to the discovery of an anomaly or defect - this section presents safety issues and defines critical information that is required to make an appropriate repair response. (2) Pipeline repair methods - this section describes the known methods of repairing in-service pipelines. (3) Appropriate repairs for various types of defects - this section matches the types of defects that are likely to be encountered in in-service pipelines with appropriate repair methods. (4) Repair methods in Europe - this section was added after a review of the draft by a committee of pipeline repair specialists from several European pipeline operators who are members of the Group Europeene de Recherches Gazieres (GERG). It contains suggestions made by the committee to enhance the substance of this manual and to inform readers concerning European practices. (5) Guidelines for repair procedures - this section presents a model procedure, which a pipeline operator may use to create, enhance, or evaluate repair procedures. This document was formerly known as 'Updated Pipeline Repair Manual Revision 6'
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Teräs, Jukka, Alex Cuadrado, Mari Wøien Meijer, and Alberto Giacometti. TG2 Innovative and Resilient Regions : Roadshow report. Nordregio, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/r2021:5.1403-2503.

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This document reports on the Nordic TG2 Roadshow, which was commissioned by the Nordic Thematic Group for Innovative and Resilient Regions. The Nordic Thematic Group for Innovative and Resilient Regions 2017–2020 (TG2) was established by the Nordic Council of Ministers as a part of the Nordic Co-operation Programme for Regional Development and Planning 2017–2020. The TG2 group was organised under the Nordic Council of Ministers’ Committee of Civil Servants for Regional Affairs, and Nordregio has acted as Secretariat for the thematic groups.
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Fazeli, Fateh. PR-631-174506-R01 Substandard Properties in Pipeline Fittings and Flanges. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011560.

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Some instances of substandard high yield (42-80 ksi) fittings and flanges have been reported over the past few years in Canada and the USA. In response, PRCI launched project MAT-7-1 to investigate some of the potential metallurgical causes of this issue. The main activities in this project included a survey of operators and manufacturers, a review of the scientific literature pertinent to the metallurgy of fittings and flanges, a critical review of the relevant MSS and CSA manufacturing standards, as well as a summary of proposed changes for MSS-SP-44 that have been recommended by API Sub Committee 21 (Materials work-ing group on pipeline flange and fitting quality). The report provides information, which should be useful for operators and manufacturers on the metallurgy pertinent to the manufacturing of fittings and flanges. The information should also help to improved stand-ard practices, as well as the quality and reliability of pipeline fittings and flanges. This document has a related webinar.
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Brusset, Emery, Gary Milante, Marie Riquier, and Caroline Delgado. Measuring Peace Impact: Challenges and Solutions. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/wmya6073.

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This paper presents emerging thinking about the challenges of measuring peace impact and the possible solutions to these challenges in conflict and peacebuilding settings. SIPRI and the World Food Programme (WFP) launched a Knowledge Partnership in 2018 to help strengthen WFP’s contribution to improving the prospects for peace in the countries where it operates. This paper contributes to the thematic deep dive on measurement, which assesses current empirical methods of measurement and possible areas for improvement as part of the SIPRI–WFP Knowledge Partnership. The Peace Evidence Expert Research (PEER) Group was established in 2020 by institutions and experts that convened to explore ongoing initiatives and build expertise in measuring peace impact in fragile, conflict and post-conflict settings. The report provides an overview of the 40 meetings convened by the group. Based on these discussions, lessons learned and ways forward are proposed for practitioners and researchers.
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Timmermans, Jeroen. PR-472-144505-R03 Development of Guidance on Subsea Launchers and Receivers. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010871.

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In Phase 1 of this project, a complete catalog of existing launching and receiving systems was created and experience feedback from a broad industry group was gathered. The majority of the hazards identified from the Phase 1 feedback were related to the installation, operation, and environmental aspects of subsea pig launching/receiving activities. This document presents project Phase 3, which addresses the most commonly encountered hazards of these three areas by developing guidelines and best practices and by identifying new concepts to further improve subsea launching/receiving safety and reliability. This report has a related webinar.
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Teräs, Jukka, Anna Berlina, and Mari Wøien Meijer. The Nordic Thematic Group for Innovative and Resilient Regions 2017–2020 - final report. Nordregio, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/r2021:3.1403-2503.

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The Nordic thematic group for innovative and resilient regions 2017–2020 (TG2) was established by the Nordic Council of Ministers and is a part of the Nordic Co-operation Programme for Regional Development and Planning 2017–2020. Three Nordicthematic groups were established for the four-year period: Innovative and resilient regions, Sustainable rural development, and Sustainable cities and urban development. The thematic groups have been organised under the Nordic Council of Ministers’ Committee of Civil Servants for Regional Affairs, and Nordregio has acted as the secretariat for the thematic groups. This report summarises the work and results of the Nordic thematic group for innovative and resilient regions (TG2) in 2017–2020. The thematic group has not only produced high-quality research on innovative and resilient regions in the Nordic countries but also contributed to public policy with the latest knowledge on the creation and development of innovative and resilient regions across the nordic countries, with focus on smart specialisation, digitalisation, regional resilience, and skills policies. TG2 has also contributed to research on innovative and resilient regions in the Nordic cross-border context.
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Khalil, James, MaryAnne Iwara, and Martine Zeuthen. Journeys through Extremism: The Experiences of Forced Recruits in Boko Haram. RESOLVE Network, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/cbags2022.2.

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Анотація:
This case study provides exploratory research into the personal journeys of forced recruits into Boko Haram, to examine how they entered the organization, the conditions they experienced in camps and settlements, their exits from the group, their subsequent experiences in state hands, and their perspectives about future reintegration. These themes are particularly pertinent given the mass disengagements from Boko Haram in spring 2022, and the extent to which federal and state systems lack the capacity to absorb and handle the large numbers involved. Research was undertaken at Operation Safe Corridor (OPSC), a program established in 2016 by the Nigerian state to provide an off-ramp for members of Boko Haram and Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP) deemed to be ‘low risk’ by military intelligence. Located at Mallam Sidi on the outskirts of Gombe, the OPSC program houses cohorts of around six hundred clients at any point in time. This report features the findings from thirteen in-depth interviews with participants in the OPSC program to provide important insights into the state-sponsored off-ramp from this group.
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Кобзарь-Фролова, М. Н. НОВЫЕ ФЕНОМЕНЫ ПЕРИОДА ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-2019 (В КОНТЕКСТЕ АДМИНИСТРАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОГО ОБОСНОВАНИЯ И РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ): ПОСТАНОВКА ПРОБЛЕМЫ. DOI CODE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/0412-1959-2021-12621.

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Анотація:
The rapid spread of the disease associated with the action of CAVID-2019 mediated the emergence of not only new phenomena, but also a group of new relationships associated with the action of prohibitions, restrictions, and the introduction of coercive measures. The author draws the attention of the scientific community to the legislative gaps that have arisen and to the fact that new phenomena have not been studied, described by legal science, and their characteristics are not given, which means that problems may arise in the practice of applying new phenomena, as well as the operation of prohibitions and restrictions. In conclusion, the relevant conclusions are drawn
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