Готові списки джерел за темами / Geography of the cook Islands

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Geography of the cook Islands"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Geography of the cook Islands"

Newport, Christina. "Cook Islands." Contemporary Pacific 33, no. 1 (2021): 182–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2021.0010.

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Jonassen, Jon. "Cook Islands." Contemporary Pacific 15, no. 1 (2003): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2003.0016.

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Jonassen, Jon. "Cook Islands." Contemporary Pacific 16, no. 1 (2004): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2004.0014.

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Jonassen, Jon. "Cook Islands." Contemporary Pacific 17, no. 1 (2005): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2005.0016.

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Jonassen, Jon. "Cook Islands." Contemporary Pacific 18, no. 1 (2006): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2005.0087.

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Jonassen, Jon. "Cook Islands." Contemporary Pacific 19, no. 1 (2007): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2007.0017.

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Jonassen, Jon. "Cook Islands." Contemporary Pacific 20, no. 1 (2007): 216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2008.0015.

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Newport, Christina. "Cook Islands." Contemporary Pacific 31, no. 1 (2019): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2019.0012.

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McLennan, Amy K., and Stanley J. Ulijaszek. "Obesity emergence in the Pacific islands: why understanding colonial history and social change is important." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 8 (August 29, 2014): 1499–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001400175x.

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AbstractObjectiveBetween 1980 and 2008, two Pacific island nations – Nauru and the Cook Islands – experienced the fastest rates of increasing BMI in the world. Rates were over four times higher than the mean global BMI increase. The aim of the present paper is to examine why these populations have been so prone to obesity increases in recent times.DesignThree explanatory frames that apply to both countries are presented: (i) geographic isolation and genetic predisposition; (ii) small population and low food production capacity; and (iii) social change under colonial influence. These are compared with social changes documented by anthropologists during the colonial and post-colonial periods.SettingNauru and the Cook Islands.ResultsWhile islands are isolated, islanders are interconnected. Similarly, islands are small, but land use is socially determined. While obesity affects individuals, islanders are interdependent. New social values, which were rapidly propagated through institutions such as the colonial system of education and the cash economy, are today reflected in all aspects of islander life, including diet. Such historical social changes may predispose societies to obesity.ConclusionsColonial processes may have put in place the conditions for subsequent rapidly escalating obesity. Of the three frameworks discussed, social change under colonial influence is not immutable to further change in the future and could take place rapidly. In theorising obesity emergence in the Pacific islands, there is a need to incorporate the idea of obesity being a product of interdependence and interconnectedness, rather than independence and individual choice.

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Connell, John. "A Nation in Decline? Migration and Emigration from the Cook Islands." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 14, no. 3 (September 2005): 327–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719680501400304.

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The Cook Islands is the largest of several Pacific island microstates experiencing absolute population decline, raising questions over national viability. Since its peak of 21,300 in 1971 the population has almost halved, mainly through depopulation of the twelve outer islands. The population of the main island, Rarotonga, has remained constant. Decline has been particularly rapid following economic problems and restructuring in the mid-1990s, while return migration has been slight. Skilled migrants, especially health workers, have been most prone to migration, for educational, economic and social reasons, facilitated by unimpeded entry into Australia and New Zealand. Workers increasingly join the health system with the intention of subsequent migration. Both the education and health system are short of skilled workers, and service delivery is worsening. Economic growth through tourism may slow migration, but will not prevent it, and further overall population decline seems probable.

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Дисертації з теми "Geography of the cook Islands"

Utanga, T. Alan T. "Contemporary coastal protection on Rarotonga, Cook Islands." Thesis, University of Canterbury. MacMillan Brown Centre for Pacific Studies, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4260.

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This thesis examines the effects of coastal protection structures upon the sandy coastline of Rarotonga, Cook Islands. The coastline is surrounded by a fringing coral reef which is continuous except for six passages. Water from the open sea enters the lagoonal area by waves breaking over the roof and propagates towards the shore as reformed waves. A detailed analysis of beach change and adjustments in front of and adjacent to coastal protection structures is presented. While there has been a substantial increase in data in the nearshore oceanographic regime and the nearshore coastal zone on Rarotonga, generally there has been a lack of monitoring of coastal structures, and in the effects on tropical coastal environments. Five sites in the west and southern coast of Rarotonga were selected for monitoring. All sites were located on sandy beach coastlines. An examination of the beach sediment at each site by determination of settling velocities in a 2 metre water column using a MacArthur Rapid Sediment Analyser indicated a medium grain size range. This finding differs from earlier measurements for the Rarotongan Resort site when predominantly coarse grain sediments were found. Such a finding has impact implications for the stability of coastal sediments. The principal method of data collection was by repeated profile surveys over a ten week period between May and July 1995. The profiles were examined first, by the conventional method of profile plots and secondly by excursion distance analysis. The excursion distance analysis was used to examine temporal and spatial variations for each site. During the study period a storm of swells originating from a southern source area brought unusually high waves in the seas around the Southern Cook Islands on the 8th and 9th June. All study sites were affected by up to 6 metre swells with energetic wave periods in the range of 10-15 seconds. The impact of the swell storm helped generate results for this study. Five factors were noted from this study as important to the way the beach profile in front and adjacent to coastal protection structures responded in the short term to the incident coastal processes during the study period. These are the position of the coastal protection structure in the beach profile, the structural configuration of the coastal structure, how the structure is tied in with the land behind it, the seaward volume of beach sediment and the sediment characteristic within the foreshore. Most of the foreshore adjustment occurred in the lower and middle foreshore with flattening and steepening respectively taking place during the high energy swell storm. In the recovery period the profiles tended to broaden out. A spatial analysis of the field data showed both along-shore and across-shore variations in the morphology of the beach and the topography of the lagoon floor. Movement of sediment in discrete amounts were identified in generally three positions in the beach profile: lower foreshore, nearshore and the mid-lagoonal area. Following the storms across-shore movement of sediment was identified, presumably rehabilitating areas in front of the coastal structures. Overall it was observed that beach change in front of coastal structures was similar to beaches without structures if there is abundant sediment offshore. The erosional response to storms, however, was typically different with bars forming offshore where coastal structures had been established.

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Horton, Philippa. "Determiners and complementizers in Cook Islands Maori." Connect to full text, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5310.

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Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Sydney, 2000.
Title from title screen (viewed July 29, 2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy to the Dept. of Linguistics, Faculty of Arts. Bibliography: leaves 185-189. Also available in print form.

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Horan, Jane Catherine. "Tivaivai in the Cook Islands ceremonial economy : an analysis of value." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/19380.

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This thesis is about tivaivai, which are unquilted quilts made and used by Cook Islands women in the Cook Islands ceremonial economy. They are the paramount form of valuable in ritual exchanges during kinship ��life�� events, and other public gifting events, which draw people together via translocal and transnational kin and wider social networks. How Cook Islands women use tivaivai as the gift and/or as decoration in these ceremonial arenas is part of the way Cook Islanders do economy as a local model of livelihood (Gudeman 2001, 2008). Such a model is founded on the material and nonmaterial aspects of the base, as in the priorities dictated by a group��s cultural framework. This is an expanded, more encompassing notion of economy, and necessarily moves beyond standard Western economic theory and the centrality of the market. I argue that tivaivai are semiotic media of value (Turner 2006b, 2008; cf. Graeber 2001), so they are iconic valuables, and indexical symbols of the structural properties of the Cook Islands system of social relations. As such weighted valuables, tivaivai are models of and models for how to be a Cook Islands woman and mother. As the gift and as decoration of ritual venues, tivaivai materialise the key values of kinship and aro��a (love) which orientate the way Cook Islanders exist and act in the world, so tivaivai are the access to and axis of prestige as mana for women. This relationship among value, values, and valuables is also important, because as such weighted valuables, tivaivai dignify the gifting of lesser valuables in a ritual complex, which is deployed in the various types of Cook Islands ceremonial events to transform people and objects. These lesser valuables include envelope wrapped money and food. I argue that the gifting of envelope wrapped money is as much about the reality of living in a capitalist political economy like New Zealand and the formulation of subaltern strategies to get by and prosper in New Zealand, as it is about the display of Cook Islands values, womanliness, mothering, and the pursuit of mana.

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Gragg, Joan Elisabeth. "Seeing the funny side: focusing on Cook Islands humour in the experience of the religious pageant Nuku." AUT University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/908.

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This multi-media art project investigates the notion of Cook Islands humour, and subsequently place, through the context of the religious pageant Nuku. This pageant has been practiced annually in the Cook Islands for over one hundred and sixty years. While it is not a pageant based on humour, I suggest, through experience and research, that many of the characteristics of Cook Islands humour are revealed in Nuku. The aim of this project is not to recreate the narrative set out in the Nuku pageant but to use this event to explore ways to visually express the humour of the Cook Islands. After researching and experimenting in two dimensional mediums, my emphasis changed to experimenting with three dimensional mediums, incorporating materials that have connotative meanings in Cook Islands society.

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Chambers, Charlotte Nesta Louise. "Bounding the lagoon : spatialising practices and the politics of rahui, Tongareva, Cook Islands." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29056.

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This research is an exploration of the politics and governance of resource use and environmental conservation in the geographical context of Tongareva – a remote atoll in the northern Cook Islands, eastern South Pacific – with a specific focus on the harvest of a species of giant clam, pasua (Tridacna maxima). The thesis examines a range of management practices, social relations and ecological conditions in order to demonstrate the socio-political-ecological nexus that produces pasua management on the island. Theoretically, the dissertation engages with recent debates around the social and the environmental as mutually constitutive domains, elaborating this relation by demonstrating that the use and conservation of pasua is negotiated in and through space. In particular, the thesis examines the complex interplay and co-constitution of so-called customary mechanisms for resource management by examining the politics surrounding the practice of rahui, a form of harvest closure. I explore how exchange networks, authority structures and economic changes intersect to determine and shape the politics of pasua harvest and rahui on Tongareva and place both the island and pasua in very specific ways. The research combines an analysis of oral ecological histories, key player interviews, participant observation along with findings from a comprehensive survey of pasua abundance and distribution in the lagoon. It pursues this combination of data collection not in order to use ecological ‘facts’ to verify social ‘beliefs’ but because it sees such knowledges as different but equally valid – if differently empowered – forms of resource knowledge. The dissertation also concludes that conservation in particular localities is never limited to events that occur in that context alone, but rather is connected to myriad other places by the movement of people, ideas and species.

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Hoffmann, Kamila. "Professional development across the islands of the South Pacific : A qualitative study of blended learning facilitators in the Cook Islands." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-117483.

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Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are having remarkable effects and promise potential solutions to many of the South Pacific islands’ geographic, economic and social challenges. Access to ICTs is also an increasingly important factor for education and training in the region. While the Pacific eLearning Observatory, supported by the University of the South Pacific, has been monitoring the development and access to ICT in education across the 12 university’s campuses, studies that specifically examine the attitudes and understanding of educators working on the islands of the South Pacific towards the use of ICT in their profession, as well as for their professional development, are rare. This study aims at addressing the gap in the literature by examining the professional development of facilitators working in blended learning environment across the remote islands of the Cook Islands. The research outcomes of this study are based on the analysis of in-depth, semi-structured interviews, and the theoretical foundation of this thesis is grounded in the social and situated theory of learning. By closely examining the facilitators’ perceptions, the project sheds new light on the still little recognised concept of online communities of practice in teaching and learning. The central finding of the study is that participation in online communities of practice offers on-going opportunities for learning, development and support, and reduces the feeling of remoteness and isolation associated with the geographical conditions of the South Pacific region.

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Hermann, Upokoina Mataturua E. Te Au, and n/a. "The teaching of English as a second language in the Cook Islands : an analysis." University of Canberra. Education, 1993. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060721.123442.

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The demands imposed on teachers who are L2 speakers of English, in the Teaching of English as a Second Language (TESL) have had far-reaching consequences. In these situations, the consequences are compounded when the teacher is a L3 speaker of English teaching English to students who are predominantly L2/L3 speakers. Such consequences were explicitly stated in a number of reports, reviews and observations (Elley, 1979; Chamberlain, 1987; Laws and Horsley, 1988; The Ministerial Taskforce, 1989) and others. Issues relating to quality of education and quality of English teaching were frequently addressed and questioned. The author's experience as a teacher of English, Head of the English Department at Titikaveka College and English Adviser for secondary schools led to a growing concern and need to delve into these problems at both the primary and secondary levels. In the absence of research in this important area, the author sought to conduct investigation in four schools. The author was further motivated to conduct research as a result of a number of recent changes within the education system. Major concerns were firstly, the introduction of the Grade 6 National Examination in 1991; secondly, the change-over from the South Pacific English Option paper to a full New Zealand English paper in the New Zealand School Certificate (NZSC) Examination in 1989; and finally, the introduction of the New Zealand Bursary Examination in 1992. The question foremost in the author's mind was how adequately were the schools equipped to implement such changes given an array of major constraints. In this study, it is hypothesised that, most of the problems related to TESL in the Cook Islands stem primarily, and mainly from the poor quality of teachers in the classroom. This does not deny the existence of problems which emanate from other factors which impact on TESL, such as the language policy and curriculum, the adequacy or inadequacy of teaching resources, and whether indeed they are appropriate and the kinds of teaching methods which prevail. These are all acknowledged as contributing factors. The argument presented in this study, is that, while these are contributing factors, they are considered not as important as the teacher factor. The thrust of this thesis recognises the teacher as the most important classroom resource, the "key" factor which ultimately determines the quality and indeed the success or failure of an education system. This is true in the particular context of the Cook islands where teaching-learning resources, by its broadest definition, are very limited. In terms of the quality of the teacher's resourcefulness, this in turn is determined by his/her level of education and the kind of training received. Underlying the thesis presented is the contention that if the teacher is well-educated and highly-trained, then teaching and learning for the child make the possibility of attaining Level IV, the highest stage in Beeby's paradigm more likely. That is, teaching which stresses meaning and understanding, problem solving and creativity and the catering of individual differences (Beeby 1966: 72). Needless to say, the converse is more likely to happen, where and when teachers have had very limited education, inadequate and inappropriate training. In accordance with the purpose as outlined in Chapter 1, this study comprises 6 chapters and a conclusion. Chapter 1 discusses the nature of the problem from a number of interrelated dimensions, which have to varying degrees impacted on the teaching of ESL in the Cook Islands. The chapter concludes by stressing the purpose and relevance of the study in terms of educational, economic and social significance. Chapter 2 reviews and discusses, from a historical perspective, the literature as it relates firstly to the teaching of English in the Pacific but more specifically the teaching of English in the Cook Islands. The chapter then discusses the theoretical development and research in the teaching and learning of ESL in an attempt to arrive at a theoretical framework. Chapter 3 presents the research instruments and procedures used to gather and analyse the data. In the main, office sources, classroom observations, questionnaires and interviews formed the basis for eliciting data. Chapter 4 draws together the major findings of the study. The limited size of the sample placed some restrictions on the analysis of results derived from this study. Nevertheless, the analysis identified some significant trends upon which conclusions can be drawn. The last two chapters, Chapter 5 and Chapter 6 deal with the interpretative aspects of the study with the intention of arriving at valid recommendations to the problems identified. In summary, the study found that the teacher in the Cook Islands context is the key factor in the process of teaching and learning of ESL. When the teacher is well-educated and adequately trained, then the possibility of quality teaching and meaningful learning becomes a reality for the student.

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Vougioukalou, Sofia Anthi. "Ethnomedicine and the dynamics of knowledge transmission and plant conservation in Atiu, Cook Islands." Thesis, University of Kent, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.498857.

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Allen, Melinda S. "Dynamic landscapes and human subsistence : archaeological investigations on Aitutaki Island, southern Cook Oslands /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6437.

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George, Kay. "Evolving patterns of identity: a visual response to observations of Cook Islands' women and their adornment." AUT University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/915.

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This multimedia visual arts project investigates, from a personal perspective, changes in the context of Cook Islands’ women’s adornment. In a modern world, changes in adornment have become disconnected from cultural traditions and so this study explores how over time evolving patterns of adornment are employed by women to identify their place in society. Observations have been drawn from the developing relationship between the researcher and the women in Rarotonga, the Cook Islands’ community where this project took place. These observations are documented explored and articulated primarily through the medium of photography, and principally by way of the snapshot and the portrait. This examination of Cook Islands’ women and their adornment from traditional adornment to the contemporary influences of modern day fashion has further been explored through a visual response to the relationships between the women and the layers of their adornment. This visual arts project is compromised of an exegesis with a value of 20% and a practical component of 80%.

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Книги з теми "Geography of the cook Islands"

Beales, R. A. James Cook: The Pacific coast and beyond. New York, NY: Crabtree Pub. Co., 2005.

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Feinstein, Stephen. Captain Cook: Great explorer of the Pacific. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow, 2010.

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Matenga-Smith, Taiora. Cook Islands cook book. [Rarotonga]: Institute of Pacific Studies of the University of the South Pacific and Cook Islands Ministries of Agriculture and Health, 1990.

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Rarotonga, Cook Islands. Rarotonga, Cook Islands: South Pacific Publishing Limited, 2014.

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Cook Islands art. Princes Risborough, Buckinghamshire, UK: Shire Publications, 1990.

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Buse, Jasper. Cook Islands Maori dictionary with English-Cook Islands Maori finderlist. Canberra: The Australian National University, 1996.

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J, Keller Nancy, and Keller Nancy J, eds. Rarotonga & the Cook Islands. 5th ed. Melbourne, Vic: Lonely Planet, 2003.

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Norman, Douglas. Cook Islands: A guide. 2nd ed. Alstonville, NSW, Australia: Pacific Profiles, 1990.

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H, Angelo A., Scott Nicola, Victoria University of Wellington. Law Faculty, and Cook Islands. Crown Law Office, eds. The Cook Islands acts. Wellington, N.Z: [Law Faculty, Victoria University of Wellington], 2007.

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Buse, Jasper. Cook Islands Maori dictionary. [Cook Islands]: Ministry of Education, Govt. of the Cook Islands, The Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, 1995.

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Частини книг з теми "Geography of the cook Islands"

Deal, Richard. "Tumunu, the Bush Beer Bar Tradition of Atiu, Cook Islands." In The Geography of Beer, 35–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41654-6_4.

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Bouma, Gary D., Rod Ling, and Douglas Pratt. "Cook Islands." In Religious Diversity in Southeast Asia and the Pacific, 127–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3389-5_13.

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Pyle, Richard L., Joshua M. Copus, and Gerald McCormack. "Cook Islands." In Coral Reefs of the World, 409–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92735-0_23.

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Futter, Debi. "Cook Islands." In Case Studies in Global School Health Promotion, 387–93. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92269-0_29.

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Frahm, Michael. "Cook Islands: Ombudsman." In Australasia and Pacific Ombudsman Institutions, 211–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33896-0_16.

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Boquet, Yves. "7107 Islands." In Springer Geography, 11–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51926-5_2.

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"Cook Islands." In National Accounts Statistics: Main Aggregates and Detailed Tables, 2011 (Five-Volume Set), 97–107. UN, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/828fbd83-en.

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"Cook Islands." In World statistics pocketbook 2014 edition, 49. UN, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/479f482b-en.

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"Cook Islands." In National Accounts Statistics: Main Aggregates and Detailed Tables 2018 (Five-volume Set), 45–49. UN, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/483774d1-en.

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"Cook Islands." In National Accounts Statistics: Main Aggregates and Detailed Tables. UN, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/fa077d67-en.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Geography of the cook Islands"

Fan, Yuzhu. "The New Water Supply System of Rarotonga Cook Islands." In 2016 International Conference on Engineering Science and Management. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/esm-16.2016.70.

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POWER, HANNAH E., and VICTORIA K. MILLER. "MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGE ON A CORAL REEF ATOLL: MANIHIKI ATOLL, COOK ISLANDS." In International Conference on Coastal Sediments 2019. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811204487_0084.

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Tiara, T. Putri, and Darsiharjo Darsiharjo. "Tourism Development Strategy Ex-Tin Mining The Lake Pongkar Tanjung Balai Karimun, Riau Islands, Indonesia." In lst International Cohference on Geography and Education (ICGE 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icge-16.2017.30.

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Valappil, Suhail Kunnath, Nitheesh Kumar Unnikrishnan, Sultan Al Yamani, Saleh Al Ameri, and Mouza Al Nuaimi. "Reverse Osmosis Technology to Improve Hse Sustainability in Artificial Islands." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210909-ms.

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Abstract HSE & Sustainability is being a prime concern across ADNOC Operational footprint. ADNOC onshore Drilling division counts transportation of fresh water into cluster operation as major risk to overall well operation. Cluster is considered as same as offshore in terms of transportation risk, cost of fresh water. Fresh water transported to the well site using local contractor tankers which is posing high road safety risk & affecting budget of the well. Recent advancement of Reverse osmosis technology utilization for island operation, where sea water will be directly routed through reverse osmosis pump in which desalination process is being embedded to demineralizing by flowing under pressure through semi permeable membrane. Filtered water is passed into reverse osmosis system through high pressure pump. Feed Total dissolved solid 2000 PPM is pumped through the fine membranes, where ions present in water gets trapped in membrane surfaces. The membranes used for reverse osmosis have a dense layer in the polymer matrix where the separation occurs & get collected in collection tank. Approximately 940,737 Barrels of freshwater water were consumed for operating artificial island rig operation to meet freshwater requirement for domestic purposes in both rig and camp for last 3 years. Approximately 9400 Haulage trips were depended on to run the rig operation in islands. Haulage transports were generating heavy road safety risk. Cost of the water haulage were same as offshore freshwater contract. Hence cost optimization benefits were not feasible due to contractual obligation. Having implemented Reverse osmosis Haulage traffic risk were eliminated very likely & eventually road traffic accident were reduced drastically due to haulage. Additional high discharge pump to the same system to the sea water resources resolved Nonproductive time caused by waiting for water is being carried through haulage. Approximately 19 M$ expenditure were incurred over last 3 years for well cost to drill wells in island rigs & cost expected to bring down to 4M$ for 5 years eventually it will save about 15 M$ for 5 years due to sea water utilization in Reverse osmosis technology in artificial islands. As Gulf standard no 149/2014 lab report were conducted & its fully meeting the freshwater requirement for domestic purpose at rig & camp. HSE &Cost optimization of drilling the wells are priceless concerns in well drilling operation that needs dynamic solution based on operational geography. Reverse osmosis is trying to support Safety, Sustainability & cost reduction though one technology turning the salt water into usable water that will support rig domestic requirements. This paper illustrates the smart use of resources in supporting the sustainability of water well resources. A great number of incidents associated with tanker rollover in island will be resolved as there would be no water transport required by then the implementation of the RO technology. RO plant is designed in such a way that very minimal people will be operated with least minimum maintenance.

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Arkum, Darol, Mudrajad Kuncoro, Yan Megawandi, and Shulby Yozar Ariadhy. "Economic Geography of Tin Mining Industry: Understanding Regional Charecteristics Matter Growth With or Without Development in Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia, Period of 2004-2018." In ICCMB 2021: 2021 The 4th International Conference on Computers in Management and Business. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3450588.3450938.

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Ayala de la Hoz, Angélica Piedad. "Las ciudades insulares en el Caribe Occidental: desarrollo del concepto urbanístico-territorial de ciudad insular a partir del estudio comparativo de las Islas de la Bahía de Honduras y San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina – Colombia." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona: Maestría en Planeación Urbana y Regional. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de Bogotá, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6034.

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Proponemos en este trabajo contribuir a esa reflexión universal sobre la ciudad, presentando una categoría de ciudad que se funda rodeada de mar. <Islas> ubicadas en un lugar geográfico específico y parte de una unidad territorial reconocible. La ciudad insular es un aporte a esa reflexión sobre la ciudad, retomando el conocimiento previo, fruto del estudio exhaustivo de pequeñas islas. Expertos en disciplinas afines al urbanismo, nos han prestado conceptos, teorías e ideas sobre lo que significa habitar una isla; hemos querido visibilizar estos aportes en la construcción de una categoría urbanística, que sobretodo reflexiona en la condición insular. Proponemos materializar este concepto de ciudad insular en un espacio real y posible centrando nuestra observación en pequeños espacios insulares, ubicados en la Islas de la Bahía de Honduras y en el Archipiélago de San Andrés y providencia- Colombia; espacios insulares que algunas veces se comprenden fácilmente como ciudades; otras, simplemente como islas. In this study we propose to contribute to a universal reflection about the city, presenting an urban category which is founded surrounded by the sea. <Islands> which are located in a specific geographical location and are part of a recognized territorial unit. The term insular city contributes to this reflection, reconsidering the previous knowledge, which is fruit of the exhaustive study on small islands. Experts in disciplines affined to urbanism, such as the geography, the sociology or even the literature; have all lent concepts, theories and ideas about what it means to inhabit an island; we wanted to visualize these contributions in the construction of an urban category, that most importantly reflects upon the insular condition. We propose for the first time to materialize this concept of insular city in a real, possible space and center our observations on small insular spaces, that in some cases are easily considered to be cities; others, simply as islands.

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Ennis, Marie, and Donald Friedman. "Engineering as a Prerequisite for Growth: New York and its Infrastructure." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.0744.

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<p>As a world city, New York is famous for many reasons; as a large city located primarily on islands at a complex of rivers, bays, and tidal straits, it has long depended on structural engineering for viability. Prominent structures include underwater vehicular and rail tunnels, bridges of every structural type, and aqueducts. Ten diﬀerent buildings have held the world record for height, two arch bridges have held the world record for span, and four diﬀerent suspension bridges have held the world record for their main span. With a multitude of successful businesses and the physical constraints of the geography, the motivation for technical innovation were present, and engineers were ready for the challenges.</p><p>These structures have generally not been built because they would break records, but rather because they served a purpose. For example, the Brooklyn Bridge, with a center span ﬁIy percent longer than the second- longest at the time of its construction, was built because ferries were the only transportation between New York and Brooklyn, then the ﬁrst and third largest cities in the country. There is a close correlation, decade by decade and beginning in the 1880s, between what was feasible in terms of structural engineering and what has been built to enable the city to grow and prosper. This paper will examine that correlation and engineers’ role in the city’s evolution.</p>

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Звіти організацій з теми "Geography of the cook Islands"

Yates, Steve, and Andrick Lal. EDM Height Traversing Levelling Survey Report: Rarotonga, Cook Islands, December 2012. Geoscience Australia, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/record.2014.015.

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Given, Holly K. Comparisons of Surface and Borehole Broadband Ambient Seismic Noise at IRIS Station RAR: Raratonga, Cook Islands. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada267744.

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Boyle, M., and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Fort Matanzas National Monument: 2019 data summary. National Park Service, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2293409.

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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and it is currently conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. 2019 marks the first year of conducting this monitoring effort at four SECN parks, including Fort Matanzas National Monument (FOMA). Nine vegetation plots, located on Anastasia and Rattlesnake Islands, were established at Fort Matanzas National Monument in June. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches {in}]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Fort Matanzas National Monument in 2019. Data were stratified across two dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Maritime Upland Forests/Shrublands and Maritime Open Uplands). Noteworthy findings include: Eighty-two vascular plant taxa (species or lower) were observed across nine vegetation plots, including eight species not previously documented within the park. The most frequently encountered species in each broadly defined habitat included: Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands: saw palmetto (Serenoa repens), yaupon (Ilex vomitoria), southern/eastern red cedar (Juniperus silicicola + virginiana), American beautyberry (Callicarpa americana), and American burnweed (Erectites hieraciifolius). Maritime Open Uplands: sea oats (Uniola paniculata), earleaf greenbriar (Smilax auriculata), and dixie sandmat (Euphorbia bombensis). ne non-native species, Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolia), categorized as invasive by the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council (FLEPPC 2019) was encountered in one Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland plot during this monitoring effort. There were not any rare plants tracked by the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS 2020) found during this monitoring effort. All plants located in these monitoring plots are fairly common throughout Florida, as well as across the Southeast Coast. Three species observed, however, are on the FDACS 2020 list of commercially exploited plants within the state. These include saw palmetto, cinnamon fern (Osmundastrum cinnamomeum), and coontie (Zamia integrifolia var. umbrosa). Southern/eastern red cedar and cabbage palmetto (Sabal palmetto) were the most dominant species within the tree stratum of the Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat type. Species that dominated the sapling and seedling strata of this type included yaupon and cabbage palmetto. More than 75% of the trees measured in the parks Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat type were alive and experiencing healthy vigor. Of the 22 trees that were dead, more than 50% of those were southern/eastern red cedar. Most of those individuals that were observed with moderate or severe decline and greater than 50% dieback were southern/eastern red cedars. Although red bay (Persea borbonia) was identified as one of the “principal understory tree” species within Fort Matanzas National Monument’s maritime forests in 2004 (Zomlefer et al. 2004), tree-sized individuals were rarely detected on plots during this monitoring effort. This may be in part due to the detection of laurel wilt disease within St. Johns County in 2006 (USDA 2021). Based on the low detection...

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Pacific Finance Sector Briefs: Cook islands. Asian Development Bank, August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/brf190384-2.

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Practical Responses to Real Problems: Eight Poverty Reduction Cases from the Asian Development Bank, Volume 2. Asian Development Bank, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/spr220278-2.

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This publication presents eight case studies of recent ADB projects that highlight innovative interventions and effective approaches to reduce poverty. The case studies include projects in Bangladesh, the Cook Islands, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, and the People’s Republic of China. Together they focus on four themes: ensuring equality and inclusion, caring for the environment, securing food for all, and sustaining prosperity through access to finance. The publication builds on the first volume of poverty reduction case studies published in 2019.

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