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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Frogs Development"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 1 лютого 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Frogs Development"

Tokita, Masayoshi, and Noriko Iwai. "Development of the pseudothumb in frogs." Biology Letters 6, no. 4 (February 10, 2010): 517–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.1038.

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Frogs have highly conserved hand and foot morphology, possessing four fingers and five toes. As an exception, two Japanese ranid frog species, the Otton frog Babina subaspera and the dagger frog Babina holsti , possess a unique thumb-like structure (the pseudothumb) in the forelimb, giving an appearance of a total of five fingers on the hand. To obtain insights into the developmental mechanisms that generate this novel character, we investigated the hand morphogenesis of the Otton frog. The unique morphological pattern of the pseudothumb was already established in juveniles. Surprisingly, the bud-like structure, which is similar to the area of inductive activity (e.g. feather buds in birds and the carapacial ridge in turtles), was detected over the site where the future prepollex develops in larvae. By contrast, this bud-like structure was not found in larvae of other ranid species. We discuss possible scenarios that would favour the evolution of this very unusual trait in frogs.

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Gardiner, David, A. Ndayibagira, Felix Grün, and Bruce Blumberg. "Deformed frogs and environmental retinoids." Pure and Applied Chemistry 75, no. 11-12 (January 1, 2003): 2263–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200375112263.

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Since the early 1990s, a substantial number of deformed frogs have been observed in North America, particularly in the upper Midwest and Canada. Attempts to understand the etiology of the deformed frog problem have met with limited success to date with nearly as many proposed explanations as research groups working on the problem. Models for the mechanism underlying the development of deformed frogs include parasite/predation, ultraviolet radiation, and chemical exposure. Each model has its strengths and weaknesses. Despite contentious debate among researchers, there is an overall consensus that the increasing prevalence of deformed frogs is the result of a water-borne contaminant that has recently appeared, or reached a critical concentration. Our detailed analysis of malformed frogs collected in Minnesota ponds and lakes suggested that limb patterning was being modified by the disruption of a retinoid-sensitive developmental signaling pathway. Accordingly, we focused in the identification and characterization of bioactive retinoids from lake water and showed that retinoid treatment of frog embryos at sensitive times of development could recapitulate the full spectrum of limb abnormalities observed in field specimens in the laboratory. These data have led to the conclusion that inappropriate modulation of retinoid signaling by environmental contaminants is the mechanism underlying the increased incidence of frog malformations.

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Russell, Devlin. "Intention as action under development: why intention is not a mental state." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 48, no. 5 (2018): 742–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.2017.1414524.

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AbstractThis paper constructs a theory according to which an intention is not a mental state but an action at a certain developmental stage. I model intention on organic life, and thus intention stands to action as (e.g.) tadpole stands to frog. I then argue for this theory by showing how it overcomes three problems: intending while (1) merely preparing, (2) not taking any steps, and (3) the action is impossible. The problems vanish when we see that not all actions are mature. Just as some frogs (such as tadpoles) are immature frogs, some actions (such as intentions) are immature actions.

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Mello, Sílvia Conceição Reis Pereira, Roberto Rodrigues de Oliveira, Marcelo Maia Pereira, Eliane Rodrigues, Willian Nascimento Silva, and José Teixeira de Seixas Filho. "Development of a water recirculating system for bullfrog production: technological innovation for small farmers." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 40, no. 1 (February 2016): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542016000100006.

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ABSTRACT Despite the technological progress in frog farming, issues related to the environment, biosafety, and the use of technologies that minimise environmental impacts are frequently neglected by farmers. With the goal of developing a low-cost technology for reuse and preservation of water quality, an anaerobic filtering system combined with an aerobic filtering system was implemented in the grow-out sector in the Frog Culture Research Unit at Fundação Instituto de Pesca do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FIPERJ). The filtering system received the effluent from six pens of frogs that were populated with 362 frogs in different development phases. The efficiency of the filtering system was evaluated by an analysis of the water before and after passing through the filters. In addition to the standards of water quality, the animals' performance was also observed through monitoring rates of survival, weight gain and feed conversion ratio. The results showed the effectiveness of the filtering system by removing organic matter, on average 87%. The values of total ammonia and non-ionisable reached 1.04 and 0.004 mg/L, respectively. Also, frogs subjected to the system presented satisfactory rates of weight gain and a high survival rate (97%).

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Chang, Yi-Chun, Shou-Hsien Li, Hsuan-You Lin, Szu-Lung Chen, and Ming-Hsung Chang. "Development of 22 polymorphic microsatellite markers for Taipei grass frogs (Hylarana taipehensis)." Amphibia-Reptilia 37, no. 1 (2016): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00003027.

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The Taipei grass frog, Hylarana taipehensis, is a slender frog widely distributed throughout Southeast Asia and thus is predicted to contain a high level of genetic diversity and undetected endemics. Habitat destruction and pesticide pollution have resulted in the population crash of some genetically distinct populations. To assign appropriate conservation measures, a genetic survey covering individuals from the entire species’ range is urgently required to reveal cryptic diversity and delineate these frogs into various management units. However, effective codominant markers are lacking for this species. Here, we reported 22 tetranucleotide microsatellite loci for H. taipehensis. Alleles ranged between 6 and 17 per locus. The observed heterozygosities and expected heterozygosities were 0.280-0.893 and 0.721-0.908, respectively. These polymorphic microsatellites should be useful in identifying the most important units for conservation management of the Taipei grass frogs.

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Tong, Qing, Xiao-peng Du, Zong-fu Hu, Li-yong Cui, and Hong-bin Wang. "Modelling the growth of the brown frog (Rana dybowskii)." PeerJ 6 (May 16, 2018): e4587. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4587.

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Well-controlled development leads to uniform body size and a better growth rate; therefore, the ability to determine the growth rate of frogs and their period of sexual maturity is essential for producing healthy, high-quality descendant frogs. To establish a working model that can best predict the growth performance of frogs, the present study examined the growth of one-year-old and two-year-old brown frogs (Rana dybowskii) from metamorphosis to hibernation (18 weeks) and out-hibernation to hibernation (20 weeks) under the same environmental conditions. Brown frog growth was studied and mathematically modelled using various nonlinear, linear, and polynomial functions. The model input values were statistically evaluated using parameters such as the Akaike’s information criterion. The body weight/size ratio (Kwl) and Fulton’s condition factor (K) were used to compare the weight and size of groups of frogs during the growth period. The results showed that the third- and fourth-order polynomial models provided the most consistent predictions of body weight for age 1 and age 2 brown frogs, respectively. Both the Gompertz and third-order polynomial models yielded similarly adequate results for the body size of age 1 brown frogs, while the Janoschek model produced a similarly adequate result for the body size of age 2 brown frogs. The Brody and Janoschek models yielded the highest and lowest estimates of asymptotic weight, respectively, for the body weights of all frogs. TheKwlvalue of all frogs increased from 0.40 to 3.18. TheKvalue of age 1 frogs decreased from 23.81 to 9.45 in the first four weeks. TheKvalue of age 2 frogs remained close to 10. Graphically, a sigmoidal trend was observed for body weight and body size with increasing age. The results of this study will be useful not only for amphibian research but also for frog farming management strategies and decisions.

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Narayan, Edward, Frank Molinia, Ketan Christi, Craig Morley, and John Cockrem. "Urinary corticosterone metabolite responses to capture, and annual patterns of urinary corticosterone in wild and captive endangered Fijian ground frogs (Platymantis vitiana)." Australian Journal of Zoology 58, no. 3 (2010): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo10010.

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This study was based on the development of a non-invasive glucocorticoid enzyme-immunoassay for the assessment of stress in wild and captive endangered Fijian ground frogs (Platymantis vitiana). Enzyme-immunoassays were developed and validated for the first time to non-invasively measure both cortisol and corticosterone metabolites in frog urine. Frog urine showed parallel displacement with corticosterone but not cortisol standards, therefore corticosterone enzyme immunoassays were used to examine stress in wild and captive frogs. Urinary corticosterone metabolite concentrations increased in frog urine (n = 4) at 6 h, 1 day and 2 days after injection with adrenocorticotropic hormone (0.44 μg g–1 bodyweight), indicating that the corticosterone enzyme-immunoassay could detect changes in circulating corticosterone in frogs. Urinary concentrations of corticosterone were measured in wild frogs (n = 18) after capture in the field. The first measurement beyond the initial sample was at 2–3 h. Mean urinary corticosterone concentrations rose after the initial sample and were significantly elevated in samples collected 3–4 h after capture. This is the first demonstration of a urinary corticosterone response to capture in amphibians. Urinary corticosterone metabolite concentrations for all months combined were lower in captive males than in wild males, and differed between vitellogenic, non-vitellogenic and captive females. Concentrations did not differ between captive and wild females. In conclusion, urinary corticosterone enzyme immunoassays can be used in frogs for assessing stress responses to capture and natural stress profiles of both captive and wild populations.

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Mann, Reinier M., Ross V. Hyne, Paulina Selvakumaraswamy, and Sergio S. Barbosa. "Longevity and larval development among southern bell frogs (Litoria raniformis) in the Coleambally Irrigation Area - implications for conservation of an endangered frog." Wildlife Research 37, no. 6 (2010): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr10061.

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Context. With the flow of many of the world’s rivers regulated such that water can be diverted for agriculture and human consumption, basic ecological information on the current status of key biota in significant floodplain wetlands and their response following inundation is needed. The maintenance of natural habitat to ensure amphibian survival is gaining increasing recognition, given the ongoing decline of anuran populations. Information on longevity, time required to emerge from the water and to reach sexual maturity, all provide important information about the required timing, frequency and duration of environmental water allocations to ensure successful recruitment among populations of southern bell frogs (Litoria raniformis Keferstein, 1867). Aims. The aims of this research were to establish the longevity of southern bell frogs in the Coleambally Irrigation Area (CIA) in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia, and to evaluate the capacity for southern bell frog tadpoles to survive and successfully metamorphose following an extended overwintering period. Methods. Skeletochronology studies were carried out using toe-clips taken from adult and juvenile frogs captured in irrigation channels and rice fields over two rice-growing seasons. For the metamorphosis assay, southern bell frog tadpoles were held back in their development by low temperatures and low food allocation for 290 days, before temperatures and food allocation were increased adequately to allow metamorphosis to occur. Key results. The study indicated that skeletochronological examination of toe-bones was a useful technique for establishing the age structure of southern bell frogs in this region. The oldest animals in the population were found to be 4–5 years old, although the majority of frogs were typically 2–3 years old. Also, the metamorphosis assay indicated that successful metamorphosis was the exception rather than the rule if tadpole development was held back by low food ration and low temperatures. Conclusions. If southern bell frogs reach sexual maturity only after 2 years, and the oldest animals observed in the field are 4 or 5 years old, then there is a very narrow window of opportunity – two to three seasons – for each individual to successfully breed. Implications. The implications for environmental flow management are that habitats for key species identified for protection such as the endangered southern bell frog will need water every 1–2 years to enable each cohort to breed and maintain the wild populations. The extent of the environmental flows needs to be adequate to ensure that water persists long enough for critical biological events such as anuran metamorphosis to occur during the spring and summer months.

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Kouba, A., E. Willis, C. Vance, S. Hasenstab, S. Reichling, J. Krebs, L. Linhoff, M. Snoza, C. Langhorne, and J. Germano. "116 DEVELOPMENT OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE ENDANGERED MISSISSIPPI GOPHER FROG (RANA SEVOSA) AND SPERM TRANSFER FOR IN VITRO FERTILIZATION." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 24, no. 1 (2012): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv24n1ab116.

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Species-specific differences in breeding strategies and physiology have limited the application of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) for critically endangered amphibians in captive assurance colonies. In 2006, the Memphis Zoo (MZ) initiated a program to develop ART for the critically endangered Mississippi gopher frog after natural breeding failed. Standard gamete collection and IVF developed by MZ for reproducing endangered toads such as the Wyoming or boreal toad were applied to the gopher frog with little success, especially hormonal therapy for sperm production. Using the leopard frog as a model species for Ranids, we tested the time and dose dependence of a luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue (LHRHa) and hCG on sperm quantity and quality. Initial findings from the leopard frog study were critical in designing the study on gopher frogs. Our objectives were to (1) compare 2 different hormones administered intraperitoneal (500 IU hCG vs 15 μg LHRHa) or their combination on spermiation in gopher frogs; (2) develop in vivo oocyte maturation and ovulation protocols using LHRHa (15 μg) and hCG (500 IU); and (3) transfer this technology to another institution as proof of principle. In gopher frogs, 100 and 83% of the males produced sperm in response to the LHRHa and the combination treatment, respectively, whereas only 16% responded to hCG alone. Sperm concentration peaked at 1 h post-administration for all treatments, with the LHRH/hCG cocktail treatment producing the highest concentration of sperm (mean = 4.6 × 106 ± 1.2 × 106 sperm mL–1, n = 6). No differences in motility were observed between treatments (P > 0.05). For females, a series of priming hormones of hCG and LHRHa were given several months before an ovulatory hormone regimen resulting in ovulation by 100% of the females (n = 6), whereas animals not primed failed to ovulate (n = 4). These 3 separate priming and IVF trials conducted between 2008 and 2010 resulted in each female laying ∼2000 eggs, with an average fertilization rate of 76% for inseminated eggs and hundreds of tadpoles produced. These IVF tadpoles represent the first captive reproduction of gopher frogs and highlight how ART can be applied to conservation and genetic management of threatened species. Subsequently, we tested our IVF protocols on gopher frogs at Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo using fresh (collected on site) and chilled, shipped sperm from MZ. We collected 6169 eggs from 9 hormone-primed females with all animals ovulating. A portion of the total eggs ovulated were inseminated, resulting in 2401 fertilized eggs (38.9% of total eggs collected) across 18 different male–female pairings leading to viable tadpoles. In addition, sperm transferred overnight from the MZ produced 202/441 fertilized eggs (46%). The transfer of this technology and production of endangered amphibians using chilled, shipped sperm from live animals is a conservation milestone that can be applied to other captive breeding programs.

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Pancharatna, Katti, Suresh Kumbar, and Sapna Chandran. "Phalangeal growth marks related to testis development in the frog Rana cyanophlyctis." Amphibia-Reptilia 21, no. 3 (2000): 371–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853800507435.

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AbstractA study of phalangeal skeletochronology was performed to estimate the age of male frogs, Rana cyanophlyctis. Changes in testicular morphometry, kinetics of spermatogenesis and abdominal fat body mass were studied in relation to the number of growth marks in these frogs. Demineralized, stained cross- sections of distal phalanx of the 4th toe of male frogs showed growth rings that alternated with highly chromophilic lines of arrested growth (LAGs). One to five growth rings were observed in frogs with different body size; body mass (r = 0.44) and size (r = 0.47) showed poor correlation with the number of growth rings. Testicular morphometry, number of spermatogenic cysts per seminiferous tubule cross-section, and germ cells per cyst increased with the increase in the number of growth rings. Leydig cells were few in the frogs with a single growth ring and increased in second and third year but Sertoli cell number and nuclear diameter did not change drastically.

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Дисертації з теми "Frogs Development"

Havens, Sarah Beth. "The role of skeletal development in body size evolution of two North American frogs." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2010. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Havens_2010_09007dcc807be556.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2010.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed June 7, 2010) Includes bibliographical references.

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Tucker, Abigail Saffron. "Tail development in Xenopus laevis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297296.

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Kulkarni, Saurabh S. "Endocrine Mechanisms Underlying Phenotypic Evolution in Frogs." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1342106009.

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Schulze, Sabrine. "Wnt6 function in eye development in Xenopus laevis." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=192239.

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The eyes are the most important sensory organs for most vertebrates. Their structure and development is conserved between several vertebrate species. The development is regulated by several signalling pathways, including the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. It is required for several aspects of retinal development and it is known to regulate the proliferation of neuro-epithelial stem cells. In Xenopus laevis the intracellular Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway is activated in the retina by the Wnt receptor Fz5. Fz5 function in the eye was shown to regulate tissue specific gene expression and neuron versus Müller glial cell differentiation. However, no candidate Wnt ligand that could act through the Fz5 receptor in this tissue had been described. Wnt6 was recently found to be expressed in the developing retina, indicating that Wnt6 and Fz5 share temporal and spatial expression. Here, I tested the hypothesis that Wnt6 might function as ligand for Fz5 in the retina. In this thesis I show that a knock down of Wnt6 led to the same eye phenotype seen in Fz5 morphants, including reduced eye size, changed marker gene expression and altered neuron/Müller glia ratio. Rescue experiments show that the observed phenotype is specific and is mediated by altered Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway function. These findings support a linear model, in which Wnt6 signal interacts with the Fz5 receptor to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway to regulate neural and Müller glia cell differentiation in retinal tissue. These results make Wnt6 a candidate for Fz5 ligand.

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Wakefield, L. V. "Control of genes synthesizing small RNAs in amphibian development." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355661.

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Cheung, Ka-chun, and 張家進. "Roles of makorin-2 in embryonic development and carcinogenesis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45595197.

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Lanctôt, Chantal. "The Effects of Glyphosate-based Herbicides on the Development of Wood Frogs, Lithobates sylvaticus." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23288.

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Amphibians develop in aquatic environments where they are very susceptible to the effects of pesticides and other environmental contaminants. Glyphosate-based herbicides are widely used and have been shown to affect survival and development of tadpoles under laboratory conditions. The goal my thesis is to determine if agriculturally relevant exposure to Roundup WeatherMax®, a herbicide formulation containing the potassium salt of glyphosate and an undisclosed surfactant, influences the survival and development of wood frogs tadpoles (Lithobates sylvaticus) under both laboratory and field conditions. In the field, experimental wetlands were divided in half using an impermeable curtain so that each wetland contained a treatment and control side. Tadpoles were exposed to two pulses of this herbicide at environmentally realistic concentration (ERC, 0.21 mg acid equivalent (a.e.)/L) and predicted environmental concentrations (PEC, 2.89 mg a.e./L), after which survival, growth, development, and expression of genes involved in metamorphosis were measured. Results indicate that exposure to the PEC is extremely toxic to tadpoles under laboratory conditions but not under field conditions. Results from both experimental conditions show sublethal effects on growth and development, and demonstrate that ERC of glyphosate-based herbicides have the potential to alter hormonal responses during metamorphosis. My secondary objectives were to compare the effects of Roundup WeatherMax® to the well-studied Vision® formulation (containing the isopropylamine (IPA) salt of glyphosate and POEA), and to determine which ingredient(s) are responsible for the sublethal effects on development. Survival, growth and gene expression results indicate that Roundup WeatherMax® has greater toxicity than Vision® formulation. Contrary to my prediction, results suggest that, under realistic exposure scenarios, POEA is not the sole ingredient responsible for the observed developmental effects. However, my results demonstrate that chronic exposure to the POEA surfactant at the PEC (1.43 mg/L) is extremely toxic to wood frog tadpoles in laboratory. As part of the Long-term Experimental Wetlands Area (LEWA) project, this research contributes to overall knowledge of the impacts of glyphosate-based herbicides on aquatic communities.

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Wang, Yu. "HPLC method development for the evaluation of pheromones from the dwarf African clawed frog Hymenochirus." Scholarly Commons, 2003. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/587.

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Bouffard, Jeremie. "Effects of a Neonicotinoid Insecticide and Population Density on Behaviour and Development of Wood Frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus)." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42390.

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Amphibians have been facing global declines over the last decades due to direct and indirect effects of anthropogenic activities. One of the leading causes is environmental contamination, particularly that of waterbodies which are used by many amphibian species for reproduction, development, and adult life. An important source of contamination comes from agricultural runoffs of pesticides such as neonicotinoids, which are known to alter anuran survival, behaviour, predation stress response, and development. However, few studies have investigated the possible interactions between neonicotinoids and natural environmental stressors which could alter the strength and direction of observed neonicotinoid effects. This study investigated how a concentration of imidacloprid (a neonicotinoid) measured in surface waters interacted with high population density, an important environmental stressor, to influence behaviour and development across metamorphosis in wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) known to breed in agricultural landscapes. I reared tadpoles in a fully crossed design experiment, between two densities (0.33 and 1 tadpole/L) and clean vs contaminated water (10 µg/L imidacloprid). Behaviours were measured in the absence and presence of predation cues using open-field tests at three distinct developmental stages, up to the metamorph stage. I found that imidacloprid did not interact with population density or independently affect behaviours in the absence of predation cues. However, individuals raised at high density compared with low density were more active at an early developmental stage but less active at metamorphic climax. Furthermore, both density and imidacloprid independently decreased the natural behavioural response (i.e., “freezing”) of tadpoles to predation cues. Both treatments also slightly accelerated metamorphosis while only density altered final mass at metamorphosis. Finally, I found that distance travelled was weakly repeatable between aquatic stages but not repeatable across metamorphosis, a pattern that was not affected by treatments. This study provides novel insights on the ecotoxicology of imidacloprid in the presence of a natural stressor, highlighting the importance of including behavioural assays and stressors in studies of amphibian ecotoxicology.

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Grimes, Peter Julian. "It's better than catching frogs : exploring inclusion in relation to local context in Lao PDR and Thailand." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/its-better-than-catching-frogsexploring-inclusion-in-relation-to-local-context-and-knowledge-in-lao-pdr-and-thailand(d74d830a-4450-4ce1-a614-806739dd7b64).html.

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This thesis examines the applicability of pre-dominantly Western theories of inclusive school development in countries of the Global South. Firstly, the findings of a review of research literature are used to develop a typology to describe the common features of inclusive schools, incorporating ways in which they might be supported. This typology was then used to explore the ways in which schools in the Lao People's Democratic Republic and Thailand developed inclusive practices. Engagement with school systems in these countries over a period of six years between 2003 and 2009 provided opportunities to work at several different levels with schools that in some way defined themselves as being 'inclusive'. Using data generated through field work with schools in an Inclusive Education Project in Laos and one school in Thailand, tensions were identified between the theoretical framework and my initial research findings. A revision of the typology was undertaken, drawing on a wider literature to take account of additional factors such as local and national culture and the impact of the policy context in these countries. The researcher often had the role of consultant, creating tensions in the way he constructed his position and also in the schools’ response. Reflecting on these tensions became a productive process in terms of understanding the factors which effectively promoted the development of inclusion in these different contexts. In particular, the process highlighted the relatively neglected significance of local context and knowledge and the way in which these factors impact on inclusive school development. In order to explore these issues in greater detail, further research was then undertaken in one school in Laos, creating a case study developed over four years. This detailed engagement revealed more clearly the limits of typologies in general and of Western theories in particular. Whilst they may offer a lens for examining inclusive school development they do not 'adequately' account for variable factors rooted in the local context. In conclusion, policy initiatives designed to support the development of more inclusive schools must allow for the creation of space at local levels for meanings to be constructed which will support teachers in developing their own sense of agency and making changes in their practice of which they have ownership.

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Книги з теми "Frogs Development"

French, Vivian. Growing frogs. London: Walker, 2008.

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French, Vivian. Growing frogs. London: Walker, 2001.

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French, Vivian. Growing frogs. Cambridge, Mass: Candlewick Press, 2000.

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French, Vivian. Growing frogs. London: Walker, 2000.

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Vern, Alex. Where do frogs come from? San Diego: Green Light Readers/Harcourt, 2000.

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Bailer, Darice. How do tadpoles become frogs? New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2011.

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Inger, Robert F. Tadpoles of the forested regions of Borneo. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1985.

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Judy, Cutchins, ed. Slippery babies: Young frogs, toads, and salamanders. New York: Morrow Junior Books, 1991.

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Maglia, Anne M. Skeletal development of Pelobates cultripes and a comparison of the osteogenesis of pelobatid frogs (Anura: Pelobatidae). Lawrence, Kan: Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, 2003.

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University of Kansas. Natural History Museum, ed. Skeletal development of Pelobates cultripes and a comparison of the osteogenesis of pelobatid frogs (Anura: Pelobatidae). Lawrence, Kan: Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, 2003.

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Частини книг з теми "Frogs Development"

del Pino, Eugenia M. "Embryogenesis of Marsupial Frogs (Hemiphractidae), and the Changes that Accompany Terrestrial Development in Frogs." In Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, 379–418. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23459-1_16.

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Droz, Shoshoni T., and Kelly A. McLaughlin. "Use of Xenopus Frogs to Study Renal Development/Repair." In Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, 77–107. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51436-9_4.

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Fort, D. J., R. L. Rogers, E. L. Stover, P. L. Strong, and F. J. Murray. "Nutritional Essentiality of Boron for Development, Maturation, and Reproduction in Frogs." In Trace Elements in Man and Animals 10, 1057–60. New York, NY: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47466-2_324.

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Dabagyan, N. V., and L. A. Sleptsova. "The Common Frog Rana temporaria." In Animal Species for Developmental Studies, 283–305. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3654-3_10.

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Griffith, Robert W. "Guppies, toadfish, lungfish, coelacanths and frogs: a scenario for the evolution of urea retention in fishes." In Developments in environmental biology of fishes, 199–218. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3194-0_13.

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Sander, Klaus. "“Mosaic work” and “assimilating effects” in embryogenesis: Wilhelm Roux’s conclusions after disabling frog blastomeres." In Landmarks in Developmental Biology 1883–1924, 13–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60492-8_5.

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Jessica, Cheza, Rosales Oscar, Arias Paúl, Oña Tania, and Sania Ortega-Andrade. "Climate Change Effects on the Development of Six Pristimantis Frog Species in Ecuador." In Technology, Sustainability and Educational Innovation (TSIE), 23–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37221-7_3.

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Bantle, John A., Douglas J. Fort, and Brenda L. James. "Identification of developmental toxicants using the Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay-Xenopus (FETAX)." In Environmental Bioassay Techniques and their Application, 577–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1896-2_59.

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Cline, Hollis T., Elizabeth A. Debski, and Martha Constantine-Paton. "The Role of the NMDA Receptor in the Development of the Frog Visual System." In Excitatory Amino Acids and Neuronal Plasticity, 197–203. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5769-8_23.

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Conlon, J. M. "The Potential of Frog Skin Antimicrobial Peptides for Development into Therapeutically Valuable Anti-Infective Agents." In ACS Symposium Series, 47–60. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2012-1095.ch003.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Frogs Development"

Davis, David D., Joseph LoPresti, and Semih Kalay. "Improved Performance Track Components for Heavy Axle Loads and High Speed Rail." In 2010 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2010-36222.

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North American railways have experienced significant traffic growth over the past 20 years to the point where many lines are at or near capacity. While the current worldwide recession has eased capacity constraints momentarily, the long-term trends are for continued traffic growth. Faced with the prospects of perhaps doubling freight traffic demand in the next 20 years and adding significant passenger traffic, the railroads are developing cost effective ways to increase capacity. Besides constructing additional tracks, improving the performance (i.e., safety, reliability, and service lives) of key track components is expected. Both heavy axle loads (HAL) and high speed rail (HSR) passenger traffic require high quality, durable track. The paper will describe recent work done to improve the dynamic performance and durability of these track components: • Special trackwork. • Rail joints. • Crossties. • Track transitions. For example, turnouts are being developed that can accommodate freight shippers served from mainline track that also carry high speed traffic. These continuous mainline rail switches and frogs allow slow speed diverging operations that will not affect mainline track performance. The paper will also discuss further heavy haul infrastructure research and development needs.

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GAVRILOVS, Pavels, and Viktors IVANOVS. "RESEARCH OF A HIGHLY DEFECTIVE FROG CORE OF GRADE 1/9." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.145.

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For the first time at the Riga Technical University a study was carried out of a highly defective frog core of grade 1/9. In the course of the research an analysis of crossing piece defects on the Latvian railway was carried out in eight railway sections during years of 2015, 2016, 2017. The defect of the frog core of grade 1/9 (the 60 E1 DO 07 12 frog type) was considered according to the basic classification of the defects, and the analysis and research of the cause of its fracture were conducted from the bolt hole to the web and the base of the frog core. The research process consisted of four stages:  Stage 1: determination of metal hardness according to the Brinell scale with a modern device “Tinius O Olsen” Firmware Version 1.07, FH - 31 Series. The obtained results should be compared with the data of the manufacturer's factory – Dowlais Steel.  Stage 2: determination of the chemical composition of the rail steel of the frog core 1/9 (in the rail top, rail web, and rail base) using the ARC-MET 8000 Mobile Lab Optical Emission Spectometer Analyser. The obtained data should be compared with the manufacturer's data.  Stage 3: determination of the rail steel structure. Drawing of main conclusions about the quality of the rail steel of the frog core of grade 1/9.  Stage 4: drawing of main conclusions and summary of the cause and development of the fracture from the bolt hole of the frog core of grade 1/9.

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Ribeiro, Ana, Celso João, Swen Künzel, Jayanath Koliyadu, Paulo André, and Marta Fajardo. "Development of a compact and portable SHG FROG." In IV International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics, edited by Manuel Filipe P. Martins Costa. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2530804.

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Abu Khalipah, Mahathir, Abdul Razaq Ahmad, and Mohd Mahzan Awang. "The Use of Frog VLE “Roti Canai” Module in History Subject Learning at Primary School." In THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & MULTI-ETHNIC SOCIETY. Padang: Redwhite Pres, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32698/gcs.0190.

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Zhao, Yu-Shan, and Ya-Nan Xu. "Translation of Social Dialect in Frog from the Perspective of Prominence in Construal Theory." In 3rd Annual International Conference on Management, Economics and Social Development (ICMESD 17). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmesd-17.2017.31.

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Evers, Vanessa, Nuno Menezes, Luis Merino, Dariu Gavrila, Fernando Nabais, Maja Pantic, and Paulo Alvito. "The development and real-world application of FROG, the fun robotic outdoor guide." In the companion publication of the 17th ACM conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2556420.2557638.

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Evers, Vanessa, Nuno Menezes, Luis Merino, Dariu Gavrila, Fernando Nabais, Maja Pantic, Paulo Alvito, and Daphne Karreman. "The development and real-world deployment of FROG, the fun robotic outdoor guide." In HRI'14: ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2559636.2559649.

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Shao, Xueyun, and Zhenjun Li. "On the opportunities and challenges of leap frog development of competitive golf in China." In 2013 International Conference on Sport Science and Computer Science. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/cccs130761.

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Tavakolan, Mehdi, and Baabak Ashuri. "Development of Fuzzy Enabled Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm with Activity Splitting Allowed in Construction Project Scheduling." In Construction Research Congress 2012. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412329.037.

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Bowen, Landen, Kara Springsteen, Mary Frecker, and Timothy Simpson. "Optimization of a Dynamic Model of Magnetic Actuation of an Origami Mechanism." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47458.

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Self-folding origami has the potential to be utilized in novel areas such as self-assembling robotics and shape-morphing structures. Important decisions in the development of such applications include the choice of active material and its placement on the origami model. With proper placement, the error between the actual and target shapes can be minimized along with cost, weight, and power requirements. Through the incorporation of dynamic models of self-folding origami mechanisms into an optimization routine, optimal orientations for magnetically-active material are identified that minimize error to specified target shapes. The dynamic models, created using Adams 2014, are refined by improvements to magnetic material simulation and more accurate joint stiffness characterization. Self-folding dynamic models of the waterbomb base and Shafer’s Frog Tongue are optimized, demonstrating the potential use of this process as a design tool for other self-folding origami mechanisms.

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