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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Frogs"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 29 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Frogs"

Oh, Hye-Ji, Kwang-Hyeon Chang, Mei-Yan Jin, Jong-Mo Suh, Ju-Duk Yoon, Kyung-Hoon Shin, Su-Gon Park, and Min-Ho Chang. "Trophic Ecology of Endangered Gold-Spotted Pond Frog in Ecological Wetland Park and Rice Paddy Habitats." Animals 11, no. 4 (March 31, 2021): 967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11040967.

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The gold-spotted pond frog (Pelophylax chosenicus) is an endangered amphibian species in South Korea. In order to obtain ecological information regarding the gold-spotted pond frog’s habitat environment and biological interactions, we applied stable isotope analysis to quantify the ecological niche space (ENS) of frogs including black-spotted pond frogs (P. nigromaculatus) and bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) within the food web of two different habitats—an ecological wetland park and a rice paddy. The gold-spotted pond frog population exhibited a broader ENS in the ecological wetland park than in the rice paddy. According to the carbon stable isotope ratios, gold-spotted pond frogs mainly fed on insects, regardless of habitat type. However, the results comparing the range of both carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes showed that gold-spotted pond frogs living in the rice paddy showed limited feeding behavior, while those living in the ecological wetland park fed on various food sources located in more varied trophic positions. Although the ENS of the gold-spotted pond frog was generally less likely to be overlapped by that of other frog species, it was predicted to overlap with a high probability of 87.3% in the ecological wetland park. Nevertheless, gold-spotted pond frogs in the ecological wetland park were not significantly affected by the prey competition with competitive species by feeding on other prey for which other species’ preference was low. Since these results show that a habitats’ food diversity has an effect on securing the ENS of gold-spotted pond frogs and prey competition, we recommend that the establishment of a food environment that considers the feeding behavior of gold-spotted pond frogs is important for the sustainable preservation of gold-spotted pond frogs and their settlement in alternative habitats.

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KORNILOVA, N. V., V. G. ABUSHKEVICH, A. N. ARDELYAN, Yu Yu PEROVA, and A. G. POKHOT'KO. "VISUALIZATION OF THE EXCITATION PROCESS IN THE FROG'S NERVES." Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin 25, no. 4 (October 3, 2018): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25207/1608-6228-2018-25-4-51-54.

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Aim.Visualization of the excitation process in the frog's nerves.Materials and methods. Observations were carried out on 30 immobilized frogs. Vagosympathetic trunks and sciatic nerve were allocated from the frogs. Ligatures were placed on the right vagosympathetic trunk crossing it. A scanner of the gas discharge visualization camera of the CELSY device, which created a high- frequency electromagnetic field (1024 Hz), was installed above the nerves. The scanner with a highly sensitive camera shot a 60-second video (the frequency of frame-by-frame shooting to 1000 frames per second), during which the edge luminescence (Kirlian effect) and the glow spots were recorded inside the nerve. The electrocardiogram (ECG) was synchronously recorded in the I standard lead. The processing of the obtained results was carried out according to the area of the glow spot, the area of the highest luminescence brightness, the direction of the movement of the foci of the luminescence, and the linear velocity of the movement of the glow foci.Results.Foci of the internal luminescence appeared only in the high-frequency electromagnetic field in the sciatic nerve of the frog when the nerve was stimulated by electrical impulses, which resulted in the contraction of the frog's foot. Glow foci of the brain synchronous to the heart rhythm and preceding the tooth of the V- wave on the frog’s ECG were observed at the central end of the cut of the frog’s vagosympathetic trunk. Conclusion.Visualized foci of luminescence in the nerve reflect the neural activity.

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Lenin, Kanagasabai. "Factual Power Loss Diminution by Enhanced Frog Leaping Algorithm." Journal of Applied Science, Engineering, Technology, and Education 3, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35877/454ri.asci112.

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This paper proposes Enhanced Frog Leaping Algorithm (EFLA) to solve the optimal reactive power problem. Frog leaping algorithm (FLA) replicates the procedure of frogs passing though the wetland and foraging deeds. Set of virtual frogs alienated into numerous groups known as “memeplexes”. Frog’s position’s turn out to be closer in every memeplex after few optimization runs and certainly, this crisis direct to premature convergence. In the proposed Enhanced Frog Leaping Algorithm (EFLA) the most excellent frog information is used to augment the local search in each memeplex and initiate to the exploration bound acceleration. To advance the speed of convergence two acceleration factors are introduced in the exploration plan formulation. Proposed Enhanced Frog Leaping Algorithm (EFLA) has been tested in standard IEEE 14,300 bus test system and simulation results show the projected algorithm reduced the real power loss considerably.

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Sugiura, Shinji. "Anti-predator defences of a bombardier beetle: is bombing essential for successful escape from frogs?" PeerJ 6 (November 30, 2018): e5942. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5942.

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Some animals, such as the bombardier beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Brachinini), have evolved chemical defences against predators. When attacked, bombardier beetles can discharge noxious chemicals at temperatures of approximately 100 °C from the tip of their abdomens, “bombing” their attackers. Although many studies to date have investigated how bombardier beetles discharge defensive chemicals against predators, relatively little research has examined how predators modify their attacks on bombardier beetles to avoid being bombed. In this study, I observed the black-spotted pond frog Pelophylax nigromaculatus (Anura: Ranidae) attacking the bombardier beetle Pheropsophus jessoensis under laboratory conditions. In Japan, Pe. nigromaculatus is a generalist predator in grasslands where the bombardier beetle frequently occurs. Almost all the frogs (92.9%) observed rejected live bombardier beetles; 67.9% stopped their attacks once their tongues touched the beetles, and 25.0% spat out the beetles immediately after taking the beetles into their mouths. No beetle bombed a frog before being taken into a frog’s mouth. All beetles taken into mouths bombed the frogs. Only 7.1% of the frogs swallowed live bombardier beetles after being bombed in the mouth. When dead beetles were provided instead, 85.7% of the frogs rejected the dead beetles, 71.4% stopped their attacks after their tongues touched the beetles, and 14.3% spat out the beetles. Only 14.3% of the frogs swallowed the dead beetles. The results suggest that the frogs tended to stop their predatory attack before receiving a bombing response from the beetles. Therefore, bombing was not essential for the beetles to successfully defend against the frogs. Using its tongue, Pe. nigromaculatus may be able to rapidly detect a deterrent chemical or physical characteristics of its potential prey Ph. jessoensis and thus avoid injury by stopping its predatory attack before the beetle bombs it.

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Chuang, Tsai-Fu, and Yuan-Hsiou Chang. "A New Design Concept of an Ecological Corridor for Frogs to Improve Ecological Conservation." Sustainability 13, no. 20 (October 10, 2021): 11175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011175.

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Ecological corridors are an essential element in conserving the biodiversity and proper functioning of ecosystems. Without their connectivity, a very large number of species would not have access to all of the habitats needed for their life cycles. Although the concept of an ecological corridor has been discussed for many years, few studies on ecological corridors for frogs have been conducted. Frogs are often considered to be a keystone species. They are a good indicator of habitat health, and they are often the first to be harmed by pollution or ecosystem deterioration. However, there have been reports of frogs crossing ecological corridors and being attacked or consumed by natural enemies. It is vital to create ecological corridors for frogs that allow them to migrate quickly and safely. The purpose of this study was to propose a new ecological corridor design concept for frogs to address the limitations mentioned above. In this paper, grey system theory was employed to offer the necessary information for the frog ladder’s design. In addition, the frog’s high jump capacity and its defense mechanisms against natural enemies were used to determine the rest space and shelter.

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McCAY, MICHAEL G. "AERODYNAMIC STABILITY AND MANEUVERABILITY OF THE GLIDING FROG POLYPEDATES DENNYSI." Journal of Experimental Biology 204, no. 16 (August 15, 2001): 2817–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.204.16.2817.

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SUMMARY Gliding has evolved independently in two families of tree frog. Tree frogs glide to descend rapidly to mating sites over temporary pools on the forest floor or to escape predators. The physical mechanisms used by frogs to glide and maneuver were investigated using a combination of observations of live frogs (Polypedates dennysi) gliding in a tilted wind-tunnel and aerodynamic forces and torques measured from physical models of tree frogs in a wind-tunnel. Tree frogs maneuvered in the tilted wind-tunnel using two different turning mechanisms: a banked turn (the frog rolls into the turn) and a crabbed turn (the frog yaws into the turn). Polypedates dennysipossessed overall weak aerodynamic stability: slightly stable about the pitch and roll axis, slightly unstable about the yaw axis. The maneuverability of gliding tree frogs was quantified using a maneuverability index. The maneuverability of tree frogs was roughly equivalent for tree frogs performing a banked turn and performing a crabbed turn. The maneuverability of tree frogs was approximately one-third of the maneuverability of a falcon (Falcon jugger).

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Wang, Shuqi, Jizhuang Fan, and Yubin Liu. "Simulation Analysis of Frog-Inspired Take-Off Performance Based on Different Structural Models." Biomimetics 9, no. 3 (March 11, 2024): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics9030168.

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The frog-inspired jumping robot is an interesting topic in the field of biomechanics and bionics. However, due to the frog’s explosive movement and large range of joint motion, it is very difficult to make their structure completely bionic. To obtain the optimal jumping motion model, the musculoskeletal structure, jumping movement mechanism, and characteristics of frogs are first systematically analyzed, and the corresponding structural and kinematic parameters are obtained. Based on biological characteristics, a model of the articular bone structure is created, which can fully describe the features of frog movement. According to the various factors affecting the frog’s jumping movement, mass and constraints are added, and the complex biological joint structure is simplified into four different jumping structure models. The jumping ground reaction force, velocity, and displacement of the center of mass, joint torque, and other motion information of these four models are obtained through ADAMS simulation to reveal the jumping movement mechanism and the influencing factors of frogs. Finally, various motion features are analyzed and compared to determine the optimal structural model of the comprehensive index, which provides a theoretical basis for the design of the frog-inspired jumping robot.

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Smith, Lora L., Jennifer M. Howze, Jennifer S. Staiger, Eric R. Sievers, Deborah Burr, and Kevin M. Enge. "Added Value: Gopher Tortoise Surveys Provide Estimates of Gopher Frog Abundance in Tortoise Burrows." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 12, no. 1 (October 27, 2020): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/jfwm-20-030.

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Abstract The gopher frog Lithobates capito is one of the most terrestrial frogs in the southeastern United States and often inhabits gopher tortoise burrows Gopherus polyphemus outside of the breeding season. Gopher frog populations have declined, and the species is under review for listing as threatened or endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Much of our knowledge on the status of gopher frogs is based on detections of larvae at breeding wetlands, which can be challenging because of environmental variability and provides no information on the terrestrial life stages of the species. Therefore, an alternative method is called for. We recorded observations of gopher frogs during gopher tortoise surveys at four conservation lands in Florida and used line-transect distance sampling to estimate frog abundance. We also recorded burrow size, incidence of frog co-occupancy with tortoises, and distance from frog-occupied burrows to breeding wetlands. We observed 274 gopher frogs in 1,097 tortoise burrows at the four sites. The proportion of burrows occupied by gopher frogs among sites ranged from 0.17 to 0.25. Gopher frog abundance in tortoise burrows was 742 (512–1,076 95% CL) at Etoniah Creek State Forest, 465 (352–615) at Ft. White Wildlife Environmental Area, 411 (283–595) at Mike Roess Gold Head Branch State Park, and 134 (97–186) at Watermelon Pond Wildlife Environmental Area. We observed up to four frogs in a single burrow. The proportion of frogs detected in burrows occupied by a gopher tortoise ranged from 0.46 to 0.79 among sites, and overall, gopher frogs preferred burrows occupied by tortoises over unoccupied burrows (χ2 = 15.875; df = 3; P = 0.001). Gopher frogs used burrows from 7 to 43 cm in width; mean width of frog-occupied burrows did not differ from that of unoccupied burrows (F1,3 = 0.049, P = 0.825). Distance from frog-occupied tortoise burrows to the nearest breeding wetland ranged from 141 to 3,402 m. Our data on gopher frogs collected in conjunction with gopher tortoise monitoring efforts using line-transect distance sampling and burrow cameras provided novel information on frog abundance in their terrestrial habitat and required no additional effort. However, the extent to which frogs use tortoise burrows relative to other available refuges (small mammal burrows, stumps, or other structures) is unknown; thus, our estimates should be considered conservative. We suggest that terrestrial abundance estimates for gopher frogs can complement efforts to monitor breeding activity to provide a more comprehensive means of monitoring population trends in this cryptic species.

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Woinarski, J. C. Z., S. M. Legge, L. A. Woolley, R. Palmer, C. R. Dickman, J. Augusteyn, T. S. Doherty, et al. "Predation by introduced cats Felis catus on Australian frogs: compilation of species records and estimation of numbers killed." Wildlife Research 47, no. 8 (2020): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr19182.

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Abstract ContextWe recently estimated the numbers of reptiles, birds and mammals killed by cats (Felis catus) in Australia, with these assessments providing further evidence that cats have significant impacts on Australian wildlife. No previous studies have estimated the numbers of frogs killed by cats in Australia and there is limited comparable information from elsewhere in the world. AimsWe sought to (1) estimate the numbers of frogs killed by cats in Australia and (2) compile a list of Australian frog species known to be killed by cats. MethodsFor feral cats, we estimated the number of frogs killed from information on their frequency of occurrence in 53 cat dietary studies (that examined stomach contents), the mean number of frogs in dietary samples that contained frogs, and the numbers of cats in Australia. We collated comparable information for take of frogs by pet cats, but the information base was far sparser. Key resultsFrogs were far more likely to be reported in studies that sampled cat stomachs than cat scats. The mean frequency of occurrence of frogs in cat stomachs was 1.5%. The estimated annual per capita consumption by feral cats in Australia’s natural environments is 44 frogs, and, hence, the annual total take is estimated at 92 million frogs. The estimated annual per capita consumption by pet cats is 0.26 frogs, for a total annual kill of one million frogs by pet cats. Thirty native frog species (13% of the Australian frog fauna) are known to be killed by cats: this tally does not include any of the 51 threatened frog species, but this may simply be because no cat dietary studies have occurred within the small ranges typical of threatened frog species. ConclusionsThe present study indicated that cats in Australia kill nearly 100 million frogs annually, but further research is required to understand the conservation significance of such predation rates. ImplicationsThe present study completed a set of reviews of the impacts of cats on Australian terrestrial vertebrates. Cat predation on Australian frogs is substantial, but is likely to be markedly less than that on Australian reptiles, birds and mammals.

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Şereflişan, Hülya, and Ahmet Alkaya. "Türkiye’de Eti Yenilebilen Kurbağaların (Ranidae) Biyolojisi, Ekonomisi, Avcılığı ve İhracatına Yönelik Yasal Mevzuatı." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 4, no. 7 (July 15, 2016): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v4i7.600-604.654.

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The frogs production is done on the basis of fully hunting, an important export product in Turkey. The frogs are almost no domestic consumption. The frogs are exported to France, Italy, Switzerland, Lebanon, Greece and Spain by five companies a processed form as live frog, frozen frog legs and chilled frog legs. In Turkey, some regulations related to hunting frogs and exports are prepared by under the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs General Directorate of Protection and Control. The hunting frogs is banned by 3/1 the Commercial Fisheries regulating the hunting notification. These prohibitions are designed to be different for each province. The provinces are permitted for frogs hunting by the legislation in Adana, Afyonkarahisar, Balıkesir, Bingöl, Bursa, Edirne, Bursa, Istanbul and Yalova. Frogs were exported in different amounts (kg) with different price in every year during the last ten years. The highest amounts of the frogs with the lowest of price were exported in 2013. Prey weight is shrinking due to overfishing. In this case, the price of export materials has got significantly negative effects. As a result, the ban on hunting and restrictive measures for protection should be taken seriously in some of the provinces. Hunting ban is absolutely necessary in Turkey. In many countries including Turkey, in order to ensure sustainability, it is important to do the frog breeding.

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Дисертації з теми "Frogs"

Tyler, Michael J. "The biology and systematics of frogs : contributions submitted to The University of Adelaide /." Title page and summary only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SD/09sdt983.pdf.

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Thesis (D.Sc.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Environmental Biology, 2002.
Vol. [2] comprises 6 reprints of published monographs in box folder; but numbered within the publications submitted listing (90 items), and within the 3 categories identified; at the beginning of vol. 1. Includes bibliographical references.

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McDaniel, Tana. "Direct and indirect interactions between two ranid frogs, pickerel frogs (Rana palustris) and leopard frogs (Rana pipiens )." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0016/MQ55693.pdf.

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Dickson, Nancy J. "The natural history and possible extirpation of Blanchard's Cricket Frog, Acris crepitans. blanchardi, in West Virginia." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2002. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=95.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Marshall University, 2002.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 115 p. with maps and illustrations. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 34-40).

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Bayne, Kimberly Ann. "The natural history and morphology of the eastern cricket frog, Acris crepitans crepitans, in West Virginia." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2004. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=387.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Marshall University, 2004.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 103 p. including illustrations and maps. Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-103).

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Doak, Naomi C. "Phylogeography, Dispersal and Movement of Fleay's Barred Frog, Mixophyes fleayi." Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365483.

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This thesis investigates historical and current dispersal in Mixophyes fleayi, an endangered, wet forest-restricted frog species, found exclusively on the Great Dividing Range of mid-eastern Australia. The phylogeographic structuring and genetic divergence among isolated forest fragments and the presence of multiple populations within continuous forest is used to investigate historical connectivity of populations and current dispersal. Indirect genetic methods as well as field based direct methods are also used to investigate dispersal and movement. These results are used to explore the consequences of dispersal in terms of conservation and management of the species. Few studies have investigated genetic differentiation between upland mesic rainforest areas in southern parts of Queensland, which potentially acted as historical refugia for rainforest dependant species. The broad scale investigation of genetic diversity and structure in M. fleayi, using sequence variation within the mitochondrial ND2 gene, revealed two scales of genetic structure. Two deeply divergent and geographically isolated lineages were found to group populations across the Brisbane River Valley, with isolation of the Conondale Range in the north from all other populations to the south. This can be attributed to regional isolation of rainforest fragments during the Pliocene. Lower levels of genetic variation and sequence divergence were found across forest fragments within the southern distribution of the species (Springbrook, Mount Barney, McPherson, Main, Upper Richmond and Nightcap Ranges), resulting from more recent fragmentation and restricted dispersal related to expansion and contraction of rainforest habitat during the Pleistocene. Genetic structure among populations indicates that comparatively high levels of genetic differentiation exist on very small geographic scales relative to other amphibian species. These data suggest isolation by distance within forest fragments and significant genetic structuring between populations separated by more than two kilometres. Despite the relatively low vagility of individuals, terrestrial dispersal occurs among nearby streams, both within as well as across major catchments. The extent of shared subcatchment boundary between nearby streams provided some indication of the probability and magnitude of gene flow, with sites that share more subcatchment boundaries showing lower levels of genetic differentiation. The indirect genetic evidence of restricted dispersal within the species is supported by mark-recapture, spooling and radio-tracking investigations of movements made by individual M. fleayi in the field. The activity of both sexes is characterized by intervals of small, localized movements. In adult females this behaviour is punctuated by large movements that generally displace individuals away from breeding habitat after relatively short amounts of time spent at the stream. While migration of females between breeding sites was not detected, the movements made by adult females are large enough to enable dispersal between breeding sites, although such dispersal events are probably infrequent. Adult males are extremely philopatric and remain within the breeding area, rarely moving away from the stream, making exchange of adult males between populations extremely unlikely. The management of M. fleayi is particularly important given the potential impact recent declines in both population size and number may have had on genetic variation. Intraspecific genetic divergence, across the Brisbane River Valley, highlights the need to conserve populations in isolated forest fragments both north and south of this putative barrier. Within fragments of continuous forest habitat, evidence of restricted, infrequent terrestrial dispersal of individuals suggests colonization of vacant habitat is unlikely, particularly among streams that do not share subcatchment boundaries. To maintain important, albeit low levels of gene flow and movement between nearby streams, it is critical that habitat connectivity between populations is maintained
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environmental and Applied Science
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Cunningham, Michael. "Vicariance, speciation and diversity in Australopapuan rainforest frogs /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16280.pdf.

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Schäuble, Chloe Sarah. "Geographic variation in the widespread Australian frogs Limnodynastes tasmaniensis and L. peronii /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16936.pdf.

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Cramp, Rebecca L. "The effects of aestivation and re-feeding on the structure and function of the gut in the green-striped burrowing frog, Cyclorana alboguttata /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18663.pdf.

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Marshall, Vincent Timothy. "Social aspects of communication in gray treefrogs : intraspecific and interspecific interactions /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3115569.

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Aihara, Ikkyu. "Synchronization of Calling Frogs." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/142353.

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Книги з теми "Frogs"

Souza, D. M. Frogs, frogs everywhere. Minneapolis: Carolrhoda Books, 1995.

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Hall, Helen. Frogs. Nuneaton: Prim-Ed, 1993.

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Green, Emily K. Frogs. Minneapolis, MN: Bellwether Media, 2010.

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Aristophanes. Frogs. Oxford: Clarendon, 1993.

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Murray, Peter. Frogs. [Mankato, MN]: Child's World, 1993.

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Maslen, Bobby Lynn. Frogs. New York: Scholastic, 1996.

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Saunders-Smith, Gail. Frogs. Mankato, Minn: Pebble Books, 1998.

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Donna, Bailey, and Chasty Paula, eds. Frogs. London: Macmillan, 1989.

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Carr, Aaron. Frogs. New York, NY: AV2 by Weigl, 2014.

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Michael, Martchenko, ed. Frogs. Toronto: HarperCollins Publishers, 1993.

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Частини книг з теми "Frogs"

White, Arthur. "Frogs." In Care and Handling of Australian Native Animals, 17–40. P.O. Box 20, Mosman NSW 2088, Australia: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/rzsnsw.1990.003.

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Beard, Karen H., Steve A. Johnson, and Aaron B. Shiels. "Frogs (Coqui Frogs, Greenhouse Frogs, Cuban Tree Frogs, and Cane Toads)." In Ecology and Management of Terrestrial Vertebrate Invasive Species in the United States, 163–92. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018. | “A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.”: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315157078-9.

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Meshaka, Walter E., Suzanne L. Collins, R. Bruce Bury, and Malcolm L. McCallum. "Frogs and Toads (Anura)." In Exotic Amphibians and Reptiles of the United States, 33–62. University Press of Florida, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066967.003.0006.

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This chapter focuses on frogs and toads. It begins with the cane toad before looking at poison dart frogs, particularly the green-and-black poison dart frog. The arrival of the cane toad to the United States was through intentional introduction to Hawaii in the 1930s with the failed expectation that these terrestrial and mostly nocturnal animals would control sugarcane beetles. The cane toad is highly adaptable around humans and can thrive in agricultural fields, golf courses, residential developments, and along canals, among other disturbed habitats. The chapter then considers rainfrogs, including the coqui, the Rio Grande chirping frog, and the Cuban flat-headed frog, also known as greenhouse frog. It also studies treefrogs, clawed frogs, and true frogs.

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Redfern, Walter. "Frogs on Frogs." In All Puns Intended, 25–40. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351198158-4.

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"CLOUD FROGS, SKUNK FROGS & COLLARED FROGS." In Frogs of the World, 116. Princeton University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.7657717.31.

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"ROBBER FROGS, RAIN FROGS & DIRT FROGS." In Frogs of the World, 161. Princeton University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.7657717.56.

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"SPINY-CHEST FROGS, PATAGONIAN GROUND FROGS & RAPIDS FROG." In Frogs of the World, 121. Princeton University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.7657717.35.

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"Frogs." In Aristophanes, 228–53. Cambridge University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511518362.011.

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"Frogs." In Porcher's Creek, 81–82. University of South Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvzgb6s4.22.

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"FROGS." In Wildlife of Southeast Asia, 226–29. Princeton University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt19b9jhb.8.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Frogs"

Polys, Nicholas, Jessica Hotter, Madison Lanier, Laura Purcell, Jordan Wolf, W. Cully Hession, Peter Sforza, and James D. Ivory. "Finding frogs." In Web3D '17: The 22nd International Conference on Web3D Technology. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3055624.3075955.

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Pritchard, Thomas J. "Tadpoles and frogs." In the international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/17701.255658.

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Guo, Yu, Aditi Wagh, Corey Brady, Sharona T. Levy, Michael S. Horn, and Uri Wilensky. "Frogs to Think with." In IDC '16: Interaction Design and Children. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2930674.2930724.

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Gherasim, Elena. "Analiza particulartăților biometrice la specia Rana ridibunda Pallas, 1771 in condițiile Republicii Moldova." In International Symposium "Actual problems of zoology and parasitology: achievements and prospects". Institute of Zoology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/9789975665902.24.

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This article reflects the practical analysis of the morphological aspects and sex variations of body proportions have been studied in population of the marsh (Rana ridibunda, Pall., 1771) frogs in the Republic of Moldova. It has been evaluated 15 biometric parameters and 9 index parameters of 30 specimens of the marsh frog. It has been established, that not only degree, but also a character of sex difference changes with age according to body proportions.

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"Semi-Automated Identification of Leopard Frogs." In International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004828706790686.

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Sundman, Dennis, Saikat Chatterjee, and Mikael Skoglund. "FROGS: A serial reversible greedy search algorithm." In 2012 Swedish Communication Technologies Workshop (Swe-CTW). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/swe-ctw.2012.6376286.

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Cozari, Tudor, and Elena Gherasim. "Complexul ranidelor verzi – model de formare a unor specii de amfibieni pe cale hibridogena." In Impactul antropic asupra calitatii mediului. Institute of Ecology and Geography, Republic of Moldova, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53380/9789975330800.18.

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This article reflects a theoretical - synthetic analysis with systematic, morphological and ecological aspects of frogs (Amphibia: Ranadae): Rana ridibunda Pallas, 1771, Rana lessonae Camerano, 1882 and Rana kl. Esculenta Linnaeus 1785, as well as the representation of a training model for the formation of new hybridized amphibian species. These mentioned species form a complex of frogs (Rana kl.esculenta complex), consisting of the parent species Rana lessonae Cam. and Rana ridibunda Pal. and species resulting from the hybridization process - Rana kl. esculenta L. The hybrid R. kl. esculenta, presents not only a result of the parental species, but its existence is also ensured, by the subsequent hybridization with one of the parental species.

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Rahmat, Romi Fadillah, Erna Budhiarti Nababan, Tifani Zata Lini, Sharfina Faza, Maliki Khoirul Ilman, and Insidini Fawwaz. "Frogs Sound Detection to Control The Population of Frogs as Pests Using Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficient-Vector Quantization (MFCC-VQ) Algorithm." In 2020 4rd International Conference on Electrical, Telecommunication and Computer Engineering (ELTICOM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/elticom50775.2020.9230507.

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Xie, Jie, Jinglan Zhang, and Paul Roe. "Acoustic features for multi-level classification of Australian frogs." In 2015 10th International Conference on Information, Communications and Signal Processing (ICICS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icics.2015.7459891.

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Aumann, Herbert M., and Nuri W. Emanetoglu. "A wideband harmonic radar for tracking small wood frogs." In 2014 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarCon). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/radar.2014.6875565.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Frogs"

Rachel Anderson, Rachel Anderson. Conserving California Red-Legged Frogs. Experiment, July 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/0888.

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Jennifer Fill, Jennifer Fill. Frogs, Fire, and Fynbos: Restoring Mountain Biodiversity. Experiment, December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/4332.

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Delaney, Kathleen, Mark Mendelsohn, Sarah Wenner, Adam Backlin, Elizabeth Gallegos, Robert Fisher, and Seth Riley. Protocol for the reintroduction of California red-legged frogs to Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area. National Park Service, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2297287.

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Once common and widespread in Southern California, California red-legged frogs (Rana draytonii) began declining sometime in the middle of the 20th century. They were listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act in 1996. Three small and isolated populations remained in Los Angeles and Ventura Counties by the start of the 21st century. The nearest population of California red-legged frogs to Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area is critically small, located 15 km to the north, yet there is evidence of persistence, including successful reproduction each year it has been measured. A potential solution to alleviate small population size and isolation is to reintroduce a species back to habitable historical locations nearby. In 2011, we initiated a project to reintroduce California red-legged frogs back to the Santa Monica Mountains, where historical records showed they were once widespread. We developed a procedure to transfer partial egg masses into tadpole rearing pens located within streams determined to be suitable for the species. This translocation protocol outlines our procedure and results for the first five years of the project. It is our hope that this protocol will guide and inform similar conservation efforts for California red-legged frogs in other parts of their range as well as other amphibian conservation efforts throughout the world.

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Greenwalt, R. J., and D. Magnoli. Preliminary report on self-healing minefield (frogs) concepts and utility in battle. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15005724.

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Bull, Evelyn L., and Bernie E. Carter. Tailed frogs: distribution, ecology, and association with timber harvest in northeastern Oregon. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-497.

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Molly Grace, Molly Grace. Does traffic noise negatively affect frogs? Getting the jump on a potential threat. Experiment, May 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/5183.

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Bozek, Michael, and Tani Hubbard. Greater Yellowstone Network amphibian monitoring protocol science review: A summary of reviewers’ responses. National Park Service, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293614.

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Science reviews are an essential cornerstone of all excellent science programs and are a requirement of monitoring programs within the Inventory and Monitoring Division of the National Park Service (NPS). Science reviews provide necessary professional critique of objectives, study design, data collection, analysis, scientific interpretation, and how effectively information is transferred to target audiences. Additionally, reviews can help identify opportunities to cooperate more effectively with interested and vested partners to expand the impacts of collective findings across larger landscapes. In December 2020, seven biologists from USGS, USFWS, and NPS provided a critical review of the Greater Yellowstone Network Amphibian Monitoring Protocol for monitoring Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris), boreal chorus frogs (Pseudacris maculata), western toads (Anaxyrus boreas), western tiger salamanders (Ambystoma mavortium), and environmental conditions at wetland sites clustered within watershed units in Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks. This review followed sixteen years of GRYN amphibian and wetland monitoring, allowing us to evaluate the impact of the work thus far and to discuss potential improvements to the protocol. Reviewers were asked to assess the following amphibian monitoring objectives per Bennetts et al. (2013, Cooperative amphibian monitoring protocol for the Greater Yellowstone Network: Narrative, version 1.0, https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2194571) and to assess the degree to which GRYN is meeting the objectives based on the current sampling, analyses, and reporting: Objective 1: Estimate the proportion of catchments and wetland sites used for breeding by each of the four common, native amphibian species annually, and estimate the rate at which their use is changing over time. Objective 2: Determine the total number of wetlands within sampled catchments that are suitable for amphibian breeding (i.e., have standing water during the breeding season) annually. Objective 3: For western toads, estimate the proportion of previously identified breeding areas that are used annually, and estimate the rate at which their use may be changing over time. Generally, reviewers commended the GRYN Amphibian Monitoring Program, including the design, the statistical rigor of current analytical approaches, the large number of monitoring reports and publications, and the audiences reached. Reviewers unanimously felt that the first two objectives of this protocol are being met for two species (Columbia spotted frogs and boreal chorus frogs) in medium- and high-quality catchments, and all but one reviewer also felt these objectives are being met for western tiger salamanders. It was universally recognized that objective 3 for western toads is not being met but reviewers attributed this to issues related to funding and capacity rather than design flaws. Reviewers felt the current design provides an adequate base for parlaying additional work and offered suggestions focused on increasing efficiencies, maximizing information that can be collected in the field, strengthening analyses, and improving scientific outreach. In this document, we summarize reviewers' comments and include their full written reviews in Appendix B.

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Wolff, Patrick, Brett DeGregorio, and Aaron Rice. Demonstration of subsurface passive acoustic monitoring (SPAM) to survey for and estimate populations of imperiled underwater-calling frogs. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42386.

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The management and recovery of threatened and endangered amphibians on Department of Defense (DoD) lands relies on an understanding of their distribution and abundance. Fortunately, most anuran species can be surveyed acoustically using vocalizations during the breeding season. This work demonstrated the use of subsurface passive acoustic monitoring (SPAM) to survey for rare underwater-calling, at-risk anuran species on DoD installations. We evaluated the performance of SPAM relative to traditional passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) (microphone) and human manual calling survey (MCS) methods. Results showed that SPAM outperformed PAM and MCS in validation experiments where calls were generated underwater; SPAM was less successful than PAM and MCS in the field demonstration. Most leopard frog calls were apparently produced in air despite previous reports of extensive underwater-calling behavior. This project highlights how acoustic information can help address a data gap in the ecology of at-risk species, which can help refine future survey methodology and management efforts. Ultimately, the utility of SPAM for underwater-calling species will depend on the focal species, the landscape where it occurs, and technological considerations available to the surveyor. SPAM is more expensive than traditional methods but, in some situations, may be the only way to effectively detect species.

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Brown, Ashleigh. Frog. Brooke, April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.46746/gaw.2020.abi.frog.

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Pope, Karen, Catherine Brown, Marc Hayes, Gregory Green, and Diane Macfarlane. Cascades frog conservation assessment. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/psw-gtr-244.

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