Готові списки джерел за темами / Free component of current

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Free component of current"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Free component of current"

1

Wasef, Shaik, and Hossein Fariborzi. "Theoretical Study of Field-Free Switching in PMA-MTJ Using Combined Injection of STT and SOT Currents." Micromachines 12, no. 11 (October 31, 2021): 1345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12111345.

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Анотація:
Field-free switching in perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (P-MTJs) can be achieved by combined injection of spin-transfer torque (STT) and spin-orbit torque (SOT) currents. In this paper, we derived the relationship between the STT and SOT critical current densities under combined injection. We included the damping–like torque (DLT) and field-like torque (FLT) components of both the STT and SOT. The results were derived when the ratio of the FLT to the DLT component of the SOT was positive. We observed that the relationship between the critical SOT and STT current densities depended on the damping constant and the magnitude of the FLT component of the STT and the SOT current. We also noted that, unlike the FLT component of SOT, the magnitude and sign of the FLT component of STT did not have a significant effect on the STT and SOT current densities required for switching. The derived results agreed well with micromagnetic simulations. The results of this work can serve as a guideline to model and develop spintronic devices using a combined injection of STT and SOT currents.
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2

Liu, Hong Shun, Ting Ting Lv, Ming Ming Han, Liang Zou, Li Zhang, and Qing Quan Li. "Close-Operation Overvoltage of No-Load Transmission Line with Fault Current Limiter." Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (October 2014): 1373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.1373.

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Анотація:
The comprehensive impacts of series resonance type fault current limiter (FCL) on power system need further investigation and verification. With regard to switching on 500kV EHV no-load transmission line, the instantaneous peak value, the free component oscillation frequency, the fundamental component amplitude and free component amplitude of terminal overvoltage waveform are simulated with and without installation of FCL considering different switching times. The relationship curves of free component oscillation period, the fundamental component amplitude and free component amplitude are gotten respectively by simulation results. The law of the influence of different fault current limiting reactance on terminal voltage of switching on no-load line is also summarized. The analysis results show that the installation of FCL is benefit for switching on no-load line.
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3

NWOGU, OKEY G. "Interaction of finite-amplitude waves with vertically sheared current fields." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 627 (May 25, 2009): 179–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112009005850.

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Анотація:
A computationally efficient numerical method is developed to investigate nonlinear interactions between steep surface gravity waves and depth-varying ocean currents. The free-surface boundary conditions are used to derive a coupled set of equations that are integrated in time for the evolution of the free-surface elevation and tangential component of the fluid velocity at the free surface. The vector form of Green's second identity is used to close the system of equations. The closure relationship is consistent with Helmholtz's decomposition of the velocity field into rotational and irrotational components. The rotational component of the flow field is given by the Biot–Savart integral, while the irrotational component is obtained from an integral of a mixed distribution of sources and vortices over the free surface. Wave-induced changes to the vorticity field are modelled using the vorticity transport equation. For weak currents, an explicit expression is derived for the wave-induced vorticity field in Fourier space that negates the need to numerically solve the vorticity transport equation. The computational efficiency of the numerical scheme is further improved by expanding the kernels of the boundary and volume integrals in the closure relationship as a power series in a wave steepness parameter and using the fast Fourier transform method to evaluate the leading-order contribution to the convolution integrals. This reduces the number of operations at each time step from O(N2) to O(NlogN) for the boundary integrals and O[(NM)2] to O(NlogN) for the volume integrals, where N is the number of horizontal grid points and M is the number of vertical layers, making the model an order of magnitude faster than traditional boundary/volume integral methods. The numerical model is used to investigate nonlinear wave–current interaction in depth-uniform current fields and the modulational instability of gravity waves in an exponentially sheared current in deep water. The numerical results demonstrate that the mean flow vorticity can significantly affect the growth rate of extreme waves in narrowband sea states.
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4

Wickenden, A. D., T. J. Jegla, R. Kaprielian, and P. H. Backx. "Regional contributions of Kv1.4,Kv4.2, andKv4.3 to transient outward K+ current in rat ventricle." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 276, no. 5 (May 1, 1999): H1599—H1607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1999.276.5.h1599.

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Анотація:
The aim of the present study was to assess differences in transient outward potassium current ( I to) between the right ventricular free wall and the interventricular septum of the adult rat ventricle and to evaluate the relative contributions of Kv4.2, Kv4.3, and Kv1.4 to I to in these regions. The results show that I to is composed of both rapidly and slowly recovering components in the right wall and septum. The fast component had a significantly higher density in the right free wall than in the septum, whereas the slow component did not differ between the two sites. Kv4.2mRNA and protein levels were also highest in the right wall and correlated with I to density, whereas Kv4.3 was expressed uniformly in these regions. The kinetics of the rapidly recovering component of I to in myocytes was similar to that recorded in tsa-201 cells expressing Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 channels. Kv1.4 mRNA and protein expression correlated well with the density of the slowly recovering I to, whereas the recovery kinetics of the slow component were identical to Kv1.4 expressed in tsa-201 cells. In conclusion, expression of Kv1.4, Kv4.2, and Kv4.3 differs between regions in rat hearts. Regionally specific differences in the genetic composition of I to can account for the region-specific properties of this current.
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5

Weimer, Daniel, and Thom Edwards. "Testing the electrodynamic method to derive height-integrated ionospheric conductances." Annales Geophysicae 39, no. 1 (January 14, 2021): 31–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-31-2021.

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Анотація:
Abstract. We have used empirical models for electric potentials and the magnetic fields both in space and on the ground to obtain maps of the height-integrated Pedersen and Hall ionospheric conductivities at high latitudes. This calculation required use of both “curl-free” and “divergence-free” components of the ionospheric currents, with the former obtained from magnetic fields that are used in a model of the field-aligned currents. The second component is from the equivalent current, usually associated with Hall currents, derived from the ground-level magnetic field. Conductances were calculated for varying combinations of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) magnitude and orientation angle, as well as the dipole tilt angle. The results show that reversing the sign of the Y component of the IMF produces substantially different conductivity patterns. The Hall conductivities are largest on the dawn side in the upward, Region 2 field-aligned currents. Low electric field strengths in the Harang discontinuity lead to inconclusive results near midnight. Calculations of the Joule heating, obtained from the electric field and both components of the ionospheric current, are compared with the Poynting flux in space. The maps show some differences, while their integrated totals match to within 1 %. Some of the Poynting flux that enters the polar cap is dissipated as Joule heating within the auroral ovals, where the conductivity is greater.
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6

Syms, R. R. A. "Principles of free-space optical microelectromechanical systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 222, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes662.

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Анотація:
Optical microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) combine miniature optical components with precision fixtures, elastic suspensions, and microactuators, and allow complex functionality at low cost. However, the effect of the bounded nature of the beams propagating through the system on design is profound. The current paper reviews the fundamental consequences. Using a Gaussian beam formulation, models of guided modes in gradient index media, bounded beams and imaging components are constructed. Propagation algorithms are described. The alignment tolerances for common component trains such as fibre-to-fibre and beam-to-fibre connections are derived, limits on the curvature of reflecting surfaces are established, the scaling laws of free-space optical MEMS are presented and the effect of beam size on filter performance is clarified. Examples such as variable optical attenuators, optical cross-connect switches, filters and tunable lasers are discussed.
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7

David, J. A., and R. M. Pitman. "Calcium and potassium currents in the fast coxal depressor motor neuron of the cockroach Periplaneta americana." Journal of Neurophysiology 74, no. 5 (November 1, 1995): 2043–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.5.2043.

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Анотація:
1. Membrane currents have been examined in the cell body of the fast coxal depressor motor neuron (Df) of the cockroach Periplaneta americana with the use of two-electrode voltage clamp. 2. Most of the outward current induced by membrane depolarizations to between -40 and +80 mV was carried by K+ because it was blocked by external tetraethylammonium+ (TEA+; 20 mM) and internal Cs+. 3. Over the potential range -20 to +80 mV, a large proportion of this TEA+/Cs(+)-sensitive K+ current consisted of two temporal components, a transient outward current (IKtrans) and a sustained outward current (IKsus). IKtrans and a large proportion of IKsus appeared to be calcium-activated potassium currents (IK,Ca,trans and IK,Ca,sus, respectively) because these were suppressed by injecting ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), removing Ca2+ from the saline or replacing Ca2+ with Ba2+. After suppression of IK,Ca by internal EGTA or Ca(2+)-free saline, membrane depolarizations positive to -40 mV induced voltage-dependent outward currents (IK,V), which consisted of single-component outward relaxations. 4. When outward currents were blocked by external TEA+/internal Cs+, a voltage-dependent inward current consisting of a transient and a sustained component was observed over the potential range -40 to +40 mV. Both components of this inward current appeared to be carried by Ca2+ because they were blocked by external Cd2+ (1 mM), verapamil (0.1 mM), nifedipine (0.1 mM), or diltiazem (0.1 mM). 5. Both the transient component of the calcium current (ICa,trans) and the sustained component (ICa,sus) were maximal at 0 mV and present when Ca2+ in the saline were replaced by Ba2+. The inactivation of ICa,trans is voltage dependent, the rate of inactivation increasing with membrane depolarization. 6. The current-voltage relationships of Ca2+ currents differed from those of calcium-activated K+ currents. It is proposed that the discrepancy between these current-voltage relationships arises from the rapidity with which IK,Ca is saturated by Ca2+ entering through voltage-dependent channels and because the apparent reversal potential for ICa is not at ECa. 7. Although the similarity in the shape of IK,Ca and ICa might suggest that the time course of IK,Ca is determined by the kinetics of ICa, this appears unlikely in view of the rapid saturation of IK,Ca by Ca2+, which considerably outlasts the period of Ca2+ influx.
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8

Hume, J. R. "Component of whole cell Ca current due to electrogenic Na-Ca-exchange in cardiac myocytes." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 252, no. 3 (March 1, 1987): H666—H670. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1987.252.3.h666.

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Анотація:
A carrier mechanism that mediates an exchange of Na+ for Ca2+ across the cell membrane is believed to be an important regulator of intracellular Ca2+ and therefore the contractile strength of the heart. Considerable evidence indicates that there is an unequal transfer of electrical charge during this exchange which implies that the carrier may contribute substantially to the net flow of ionic current across the sarcolemmal membrane. To detect such a component of current, nondialyzed single frog atrial cells were transiently Ca2+-loaded by augmenting Ca2+ entry through membrane Ca2+ channels by exposure to either the beta-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol, or to BAY K 8644, a Ca2+ channel agonist. A direct comparison of whole-cell Ca2+ currents during exposure to these compounds in Na+-containing and Na+-free solutions revealed the existence of an additional component of inward current in Na+-containing solutions which temporally overlaps with Ca2+ channel-mediated currents. The dependence of this component of inward current on intracellular Ca2+ and extracellular Na+ and its resemblance to previously characterized carrier-mediated currents (creep currents) in this preparation suggest that it is associated with electrogenic Na+-Ca2+-exchange activity. These experiments support earlier predictions that under some conditions a component of the slow inward current in the heart may actually represent Ca2+ efflux mediated by an electrogenic Na+-Ca2+-exchange carrier.
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9

Tateishi, N., D. K. Kim, and N. Akaike. "Acetylcholine-activated ionic currents in parasympathetic neurons of bullfrog heart." Journal of Neurophysiology 63, no. 5 (May 1, 1990): 1052–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1990.63.5.1052.

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Анотація:
1. The electrical and pharmacologic properties of acetylcholine (ACh)-induced current (IACh) were studied in the parasympathetic neurons isolated from bullfrog heart with the use of the concentration-clamp technique, which allows intracellular perfusion and rapid change of external solution within 2 ms under the single-electrode voltage-clamp condition. 2. The IACh consisted of an initial transient peak component and a successive steady-state plateau component. Both currents increased in a sigmoidal fashion with increasing ACh concentration. The dissociation constant (Kd value) and the Hill coefficient for each component were 2.2 X 10(-5) M and 1.6, respectively. 3. In the K(+)-free solution, the reversal potential (EACh) of IACh was close to the Na+ equilibrium potential (ENa). The current-voltage (I-V) relation showed inward rectification at positive potentials. 4. Nicotine mimicked only the peak component of IACh. However both peak and steady-state components were blocked nonselectively by the nicotinic blockers d-tubocurarine and hexamethonium. 5. Carbamylcholine (CCh) mimicked the steady-state component of IACh. The steady-state component was selectively inhibited by atropine at concentrations 1,000 times lower than that required for inhibition of the peak component. The steady state was blocked equally by either pirenzepine (M1 blocker) or AF-DX-116 (M2 blocker). 6. It was concluded that the IACh consisted of a peak component having double exponential activation and inactivation, mediated through the nicotinic actions, and a steady-state component having no inactivation, mediated through the muscarinic action.
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10

Teles, Maria João, António Pires-Silva, and Michel Benoit. "THE INFLUENCE OF THE TURBULENCE CLOSURE MODEL ON WAVE-CURRENT INTERACTION MODELING AT A LOCAL SCALE AT A LOCAL SCALE." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 18, 2012): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.waves.64.

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Анотація:
An advanced CFD solver based on the RANS (Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes) equations is used to evaluate wave-current interactions through numerical simulations of combined wave-current free surface turbulent flows. The repercussions of various schemes for modeling turbulence effects is addressed with a special attention to the exchanges and fluxes of momentum and energy between the mean flow components and the wave (oscillatory) component. Numerical simulations are compared with experimental data from Klopman (1994).
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Free component of current"

1

Прибудько, Роман Михайлович. "Компенсатор реактивної потужності в перехідних режимах". Master's thesis, Київ, 2018. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/25613.

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Анотація:
В представленій роботі було розроблено компенсатор длякомпенсації реактивної потужності в перехідних режимах. На основі аналізу, узагальнення й систематизації наукових джерел висвітлено огляд основних способів компенсації реактивної потужності. Оцінюються переваги та недоліки окремих видів компенсації. Розглянуто методи компенсації для різних типів перехідних процесів. Числові розрахунки та моделювання проводились з використанням програмних засобів MATLAB (пакет Simulink), MathCAD. Результатом роботи є розроблена модель пристрою компенсації реактивної потужності в перехідних режимах. Оцінено підвищення коефіцієнту потужності при використанні запропонованого алгоритму компенсації. Запропонований алгоритм компенсації в перехідних режимах дозволяє покращити параметри якості електроенергії мінімум на 5%. Результат роботи може бути використаний при розробці пристроїв компенсації в усталених і перехідних режимах.
In the present thesis project was developed compensator for the compensation of reactive power in transient conditions. Based on the analysis, synthesis and systematization of scientific sources, an overview of the main methods of reactive power compensation is highlighted. The advantages and disadvantages of certain types of compensation are assessed. Compensation methods for various types of transient processes are considered. Numerical calculations and modeling were carried out using software tools MATLAB (Simulink package), MathCAD. The result of the work is a developed model of a device for reactive power compensation in transient conditions. Estimated increase in power factor when using the proposed compensation algorithm. The proposed compensation algorithm in transient conditions allows to improve the quality parameters of electricity by at least 5%. The result of the work can be used in the development of compensation devices in established and transient modes.
В представленной работе был разработан компенсатор для компенсации реактивной мощности в переходных режимах. На основе анализа, обобщения и систематизации научных источников освещены обзор основных способов компенсации реактивной мощности. Оцениваются преимущества и недостатки отдельных видов компенсации. Рассмотрены методы компенсации для различных типов переходных процессов. Числовые расчеты и моделирование проводились с использованием программных средств MATLAB (пакет Simulink), MathCAD. Результатом работы является разработанная модель устройства компенсации реактивной мощности в переходных режимах. Оценен повышения коэффициента мощности при использовании предложенного алгоритма компенсации. Предложенный алгоритм компенсации в переходных режимах позволяет улучшить параметры качества электроэнергии минимум на 5%. Результат работы может быть использован при разработке устройств компенсации в устоявшихся и переходных режимах.
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2

Braxton, Shawn Lamont. "Examining Workplace Discrimination in a Discrimination-Free Environment." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36381.

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Анотація:
The purpose of this study is to explore how racial and gender discrimination is reproduced in concrete workplace settings even when anti-discrimination policies are present, and to understand the various reactions utilized by those who commonly experience it. I have selected a particular medical center, henceforth referred to by a pseudonym, “The Bliley Medical Center” as my case study. In order to examine the gaps between the normative component instituted to regulate human behavior and the behavioral component in a workplace setting, I will employ critical race theory and feminist theories of intersectionality. The works of critics such as Delgado and Stefancic, Patricia Williams, and Patricia Hill Collins, among others, foreground the utility of storytelling as a means to 1) understand the gaps between formal policies and organizational behavior, 2) call attention to the experiential knowledge and evidence that is traditionally excluded in discrimination cases, and (3) to explain how formal anti-discrimination policies can actually be used to legitimize discrimination. Based on the results of this case study, we can conclude that an alternative interactionist, critical race, and intersectional approach is especially needed in terms of calling attention to traditionally ignored social processes that aid in the reproduction of workplace inequality in concrete workplace settings, thus expanding the current workplace discrimination scholarship.
Master of Science
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3

Chang, Ian I. "Bubble compression and condensation in single component co-current downflow." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26223.

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Анотація:
In an investigation of the process termed hydraulic vapour compression (HVC), a photographic study of bubble compression and condensation rates in single component co-current downflow has been performed. Supplemental to the photographic study, measurements of the deliverable mass flowrates of the HVC process were also carried out. The downward flow of a gas and liquid mixture, as occurs in the HVC process, results in the compression of the gas phase because of the increasing hydraulic pressure. Bubble compression heating provides the driving temperature difference for both heat and mass transfer to occur. The minimization of the transfer processes is desirable to ensure a high compression efficiency. Experiments were carried out using near saturated Freon-11 in a 2.54 cm I.D., 1.7 m long glass downcomer. Bubbles were filmed during travel along the downcomer. Histories of the decrease in individual bubble size were determined from silhouette traces obtained from sequenced single frames selected from the exposed films. Bubble volumes and surface areas were inferred by numerically revolving digitized images of the traces about their principal centroidal axes. The inferred volumes and surface areas provided the basis upon which heat and mass transfer rates were calculated. Delivered vapour mass flowrates were measured by hot film anemometry. Results showed that mass condensation rates increased along the length of the downcomer. Local external Nusselt numbers used to characterize the transfer processes at the bubble wall, ranged from 0.1 to 16. The deliverable mass flowrates achieved by the HVC process were found to be comparable to those produced by the well known process of hydraulic air compression.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Mechanical Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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4

Oberc, Timothy James. "Reliability of lead-free high temperature surface mount component attaches." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8987.

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Анотація:
Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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5

Ersoz, Ali. "Magnetic Resonance Current Density Imaging Using One Component Of Magnetic Flux Density." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612164/index.pdf.

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Анотація:
Magnetic Resonance Electrical Impedance Tomography (MREIT) algorithms using current density distribution have been proposed in the literature. The current density distribution can be determined by using Magnetic Resonance Current Density Imaging (MRCDI) technique. In MRCDI technique, all three components of magnetic flux density should be measured. Hence, object should be rotated inside the magnet which is not trivial even for small size objects and remains as a strong limitation to clinical applicability of the technique. In this thesis, 2D MRCDI problem is investigated in detail and an analytical relation is found between Bz, Jx and Jy. This study makes it easy to understand the behavior of Bz due to changes in Jx and Jy. Furthermore, a novel 2D MRCDI reconstruction algorithm using one component of B is proposed. Iterative FT-MRCDI algorithm is also implemented. The algorithms are tested with simulation and experimental models. In simulations, error in the reconstructed current density changes between 0.27% - 23.00% using the proposed algorithm and 7.41% - 37.45% using the iterative FT-MRCDI algorithm for various SNR levels. The proposed algorithm is superior to the iterative FT-MRCDI algorithm in reconstruction time comparison. In experimental models, the classical MRCDI algorithm has the best reconstruction performance when the algorithms are compared by evaluating the reconstructed current density images perceptually. However, the J-substitution algorithm reconstructs the best conductivity image by using J obtained from the proposed algorithm. Finally, the iterative FT-MRCDI algorithm shows the best performance when the reconstructed current density images are verified by using divergence theorem.
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6

Zaporozhchenko, A., S. A. Nepijko, and G. Schonhense. "Influence of alternating low voltage component on field photoemission current forma semiconductor tip." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/39931.

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Анотація:
In this work we considered the influence of low alternating voltage of up to 100 V on the field photoemission process from a semiconductor tip under high voltage of 0.7-5.0 kV and photon excitation of 1.3 eV energy. Considered cathodes were made of high-resistivity silicon with p-type conductivity.
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7

Karshenas, Hamid Reza. "Input/output harmonic free current link three-phase AC power supply." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ28287.pdf.

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8

Noriega, Graciela Day. "North American free trade agreement and education as a component of sustainable development." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 1998. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/46.

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Анотація:
This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
Bachelors
Arts and Sciences
Political Science
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9

Pasquale, Anthony J. "Synthesis and Characterization of Multi-Component Polymeric Materials Prepared via Free Radical Polymerization." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27251.

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High molecular weight star-shaped polystyrenes were prepared via the coupling of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) terminated polystyrene oligomers with divinylbenzene (DVB) in m-xylene at 138 °C. Linear polystyrene oligomers (Mn = 19,300 g/mol, Mw/Mn = 1.10) were synthesized in bulk styrene using benzoyl peroxide in the presence of TEMPO at approximately 130 °C. In situ mid-infrared spectroscopy was successfully utilized to follow initiation, monomer conversion, and polymer formation. Real-time data allowed for the determination of apparent rate constants of 2.1E-5 s-1 at 132 °C and 1.2E-5 s-1 at 126 °C from the profile of the decaying styrene vinyl carbon-hydrogen (=CH2) absorbance at 907 cm-1. Coupling of the TEMPO terminated oligomers under optimum conditions resulted in a compact and dense product with a number average molecular weight exceeding 300,000 g/mol (Mw/Mn = 3.03) after 24 h, suggesting the formation of relatively well-defined star-shaped polymers. Synthetic factors that affected the molecular weight, yield, and composition of maleic anhydride (MAH), norbornene (Nb), and tert-butyl 5-norbornene-2-carboxylate (NbTBE) terpolymers were investigated. Pseudo first order kinetic analysis using in situ FTIR indicated that the observed rate of reaction was a strong function of the Nb/NbTBE ratio with a maximum of 6.7E-5 s-1 for a 50/0/50 Nb/NbTBE/MAH monomer ratio and a minimum of 1.1E-5 s-1 for a 0/50/50 Nb/NbTBE/MAH ratio. Polymer yields were also observed to be a function of the Nb/NbTBE ratio and also decreased with increasing NbTBE. Calculated work of adhesion values (Wadh) values were observed to increase as the content of NbTBE was increased. 193 nm photoresist formulations incorporating polymers with high NbTBE content showed increased imaging performance using 193 nm light and successfully produced sharp and defined features as small as 110 nm, which was demonstrated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Additional functionality was introduced via the copolymerization of MAH with several norbornene (Nb) derivatives that were synthesized from facile Diels-Alder cycloaddition reactions of cyclopentadiene with a-olefins containing electron withdrawing groups. Subsequent hydrolysis of the anhydride offered further versatility and provided an avenue to introduce aqueous base solubility into Nb/MAH copolymers.
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10

Carlsson, Hampus, and Kärrman Marcus. "Cloud-based Mobile System for Free-Living Gait Analysis : System component : Server architecture." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-34293.

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Progress in the fields of wearable sensor technologies together with specialized analysis algorithms has enabled systems for gait analysis outside labs. An example of a wearable sensor is the accelerometer embedded in a typical smartphone. The goal was to propose a system design capable of hosting existing gait analysis algorithms in a cloud environment, and tailor the design as to deliver fast results with the ambition of reaching near real-time.    The project identified a set of enabling technologies by examining existing systems for gait analysis; the technologies included cloud computing and WebSockets. The final system design is a hierarchical composition starting with a Linux VM running Node.js, which in turn connects to a database and hosts instances of the MatLab runtime. The results show the feasibility of mobile cloud based free-living gait analysis. The architectural design provides a solution to the critical problem of enabling existing algorithms to run in a cloud environment; and shows how  the graphical output of the native algorithm could be accurately reproduced in a web browser. The system can process a chunk of 1300 data points under 3 seconds for a client streaming at 128 Hz, while simultaneously streaming the real time signal.
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Книги з теми "Free component of current"

1

Current and future practices for the testing of multi-component geosynthetic clay liners. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, 2013.

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Kline, J. P. Current and Future Practices for the Testing of Multi-Component Geosynthetic Clay Liners. Edited by Kent P. von Maubeuge. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp1562-eb.

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Umo, Joe U. Profiles and determinants of Nigeria's balance of payments: The current account component, 1950-88. Nairobi: African Economic Research Consortium, 1995.

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Sohn, Chan-hyun. Korea's FTA (Free Trade Agreement) policy: Current status and future prospects. Seoul: Korea Institute for International Economic Policy, 2001.

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Son, Chʻan-hyŏn. Korea's FTA (free trade agreement) policy: Current status and future prospects. Seoul, Korea: Korea Institute for International Economic Policy, 2001.

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Armacost, Kira A., and David C. Thompson, eds. Free Energy Methods in Drug Discovery: Current State and Future Directions. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2021-1397.

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7

Bruce, Tammy. The new thought police: Inside the Left's assault on free speech and free minds. Roseville, Calif: Forum, 2001.

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The New Thought Police: Inside the Left's Assault on Free Speech and Free Minds. Roseville, Calif: Forum, 2001.

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Smallwood, Carol. Current issues resource builder: Free and inexpensive materials for librarians and teachers. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland, 1989.

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Vylder, Stefan De. Towards a market economy?: The current state of economic reform in Vietnam. Stockholm: Swedish International Development Authority, 1990.

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Частини книг з теми "Free component of current"

1

Venkatesan, Satish, and Karen C. Davis. "Flexible Component Retrieval." In Current Issues in Electronic Modeling, 109–24. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2629-9_5.

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2

Cope, Jennifer R., Ibne Karim M. Ali, and Ourania Georgacopoulos. "Free-Living Ameba." In Current Clinical Neurology, 255–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56084-3_12.

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3

Ganesan, Sanka, Michael Osterman, and Ping Zhao. "Component-level Issues in Lead-free Electronics." In Lead-free Electronics, 507–49. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/047000780x.ch9.

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4

Izadian, Afshin. "Component Voltage and Current Laws." In Fundamentals of Modern Electric Circuit Analysis and Filter Synthesis, 9–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02484-0_2.

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Cohn, P. M. "Valuations on free fields." In Algebra Some Current Trends, 75–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0082018.

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6

Whitford, W. G., B. B. Barnett, and J. H. Manwaring. "Animal Component Free T-Cell Culture." In Cells and Culture, 711–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3419-9_123.

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7

Wells, Randall S., Michael D. Scott, and A. Blair Irvine. "The Social Structure of Free-Ranging Bottlenose Dolphins." In Current Mammalogy, 247–305. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9909-5_7.

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8

Blüml, Marcus, Frédérique Bouchard, and Adam Pawlak. "A Flexible Generator of Component Models." In Current Issues in Electronic Modeling, 1–19. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2335-2_1.

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9

Helasvuo, Marja-Liisa. "Free NPs as units in Finnish." In Benjamins Current Topics, 59–86. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bct.114.04hel.

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10

Heath, Sue, and Elizabeth Cleaver. "Negotiating Current and Future Partnerships." In Young, Free and Single?, 144–60. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230502871_9.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Free component of current"

1

Jung, DongHo, and YongJu Kwon. "Nonlinear Dynamics of a Free-Hanging Riser." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-62198.

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The characteristics of the dynamic behavior of a free-hanging riser is analyzed under top excitation conditions by using a numerical method. A top excited riser that is free hanging presents strong nonlinear behavior characteristics. We verified that the top tension of a free-hanging riser under top-end forced excitation dominantly vibrates in the double with the top excitation frequency. The non-linear response of a top tension is disclosed from analysis for the local velocities at nodes along the riser length. The top tension of a free-hanging riser shows to respond in double with the top excitation frequency under no current. On the other hand, the top tension of a top-end forcibly excited riser has its double component as well as the excitation frequency component under a current. We proved that the axial vibration of a free-hanging riser dominates the riser tension under top-end forcibly excitation conditions.
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2

Bansal, Anurag, Tae-Kyu Lee, Kuo-Chuan Liu, and Jie Xue. "Effects of isothermal aging and in-situ current stress on the reliability of lead-free solder joints." In 2010 Proceedings 60th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ectc.2010.5490790.

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3

Heshmat, Crystal A., Hooshang Heshmat, Mark J. Valco, Kevin C. Radil, and Christopher Della Corte. "Foil Bearings Makes Oil-Free Turbocharger Possible." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63724.

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This paper describes an oil-free, 150 Hp turbocharger that was successfully operated with compliant foil bearings in a range of pitch and roll angles, including vertical operation, thereby demonstrating its viability for aircraft applications. On a gas test stand the turbocharger was operated to 120,000 rpm, under extreme conditions. In addition, the compliant foil bearing-supported turbocharger successfully tolerated shock and vibration of 40 g. Advanced technologies have been applied to the second generation of this turbocharger, shown in Figure 1, including self acting, compliant foil hydrodynamic air bearings with advanced coatings capable, of operation above 815 °C (1500°F). Journal foil bearings with maximum load capacity up to 670 kPa (97 psi) were used in conjunction with thrust foil bearings capable of maximum loads to 570 kPa (83 psi). Bearing component development tests demonstrated 30,000 start stop cycles at 815 °C (1500°F) with a newly developed, solid lubricant coating, KOROLON™. KOROLON™ exhibits a coefficient of friction of less than 0.1 at a wide range of temperatures. Current-designed foil bearings with KOROLON™ have immensely decreased turbolag, allowing acceleration from rest to over 100,000 rpm in less than 2 seconds. Advanced bearing stiffness maintained rotor total axial end-to-end motion within 100 microns (0.004 inch). Total radial static and dynamic motion was controlled within 25 microns (0.001 inch). Development of this high speed turbomachine included bearing and solid lubricant component development tests, rotor-bearing dynamic simulator qualification and gas stand tests of the assembled turbocharger. Gas stand and simulator test results revealed stable bearing temperatures, low rotor vibrations, good shock tolerance and the ability of the rotor bearing system to sustain overspeed conditions beyond 120,000 rpm. This combination of component and integrated rotor-bearing system technology addresses many of the issues associated with application of compliant foil bearings to industrial compressors, blowers, and gas turbine engines, overcoming many of the inherently show-stopping and debilitating features of rolling element bearings, i.e., speed and temperature limitations.
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4

Yttervik, Rune, Carl M. Larsen, and Gunnar K. Furnes. "Fatigue From Vortex-Induced Vibrations of Free Span Pipelines Using Statistics of Current Speed and Direction." In ASME 2003 22nd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2003-37223.

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A section of a sub sea pipeline that is suspended between two points on an uneven seafloor is often referred to as ‘a free span pipeline’. Pipelines, installed on a seabed with a highly irregular topography, may have to be designed with several free spans. If a free span is exposed to a current flow, vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) of the suspended part of the pipeline may occur. These vibrations may cause unacceptable fatigue damage in the structure. Statistical distributions of current speed and direction close to a small mountain on the seabed (approximately 20 m high and 40 m wide) are established based on full-scale measurements of the current velocity in the area. Some results from recent model tests of VIV in free span pipelines, including some tests in which the flow direction was not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe, are shown. These results indicate that it is sufficient to use the component of the current velocity vector that is normal to the pipe when using empirical models for estimating the response due to vortex shedding. An existing empirical model for analysis of VIV [1] is extended such as to include oscillations in the same plane as the current flow (in-line VIV). The effect of including the directional variability of the current when estimating the VIV fatigue damage, using the extended VIV model on a typical free span pipeline, is demonstrated, and found to be of great importance. A parameter study, in which the length of the free span is varied, is also carried out. The conclusion from this study is that a reduction of free span length affects the parameters that govern the accumulation of fatigue damage differently. Stresses are increased, but the number of current conditions capable of inducing VIV is reduced when the length of the span is reduced. It is therefore difficult to predict whether the accumulated damage will increase or decrease when the span length is reduced, and detailed analyses are required for each particular free span and current distribution. The damage from in-line VIV is generally lower than the damage from the cross flow VIV for all but the shortest span lengths.
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5

Harendza, Astrid, Jan Visscher, Lars Gansel, and Bjo̸rnar Pettersen. "PIV on Inclined Cylinder Shaped Fish Cages in a Current and the Resulting Flow Field." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57748.

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The present experimental investigation focuses on the flow structure around short free end cylinders with an aspect ratio of L/D = 3 at a Reynolds number of Re = 5000. Cylinders with varying degrees of inclination and porosity were tested in a towing tank, acting as models for fish farm cages. According to studies of fish cages at commercial Norwegian fish farms, the inclination angle of the structure change up to 25 degrees from the vertical when exposed to a current. Cylinders with porosities of 0% and 75% were tested, the latter representing fish cage netting with fouling. To visualize the flow around the cylinders, 2- and 3-Component (2C and 3C) Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was used. The effects of inclination and porosity on the three-dimensional flow field will be described and discussed.
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6

Yunovich, Mark, and Neil G. Thompson. "AC Corrosion: Mechanism and Proposed Model." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0574.

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Corrosion caused by the discharge of 60 Hz AC current from a pipeline in a high voltage AC (HVAC) corridor has been discussed and studied over the past 20 or more years. More recent studies in Europe have specifically addressed these corrosion issues following several failures attributed to the presence of AC discharge from the pipeline. Very few corrosion failures in North America have been specifically attributed to what is termed AC-enhanced corrosion (ACEC). One missing area of research is well-controlled laboratory experiments in soil environments. This study proposed a mechanism of ACEC that is based on conventional electrochemistry using the same equivalent analog circuits used to discuss other corrosion processes. It was shown that only a small amount of the 60 Hz AC current discharge passes through the resistive component of the equivalent circuit, which results in corrosion (metal loss) reactions. The AC current passing through this resistive component produces both anodic and cathodic polarization shift (sine wave dependent) resulting in a net increase in the average corrosion rate as compared to the free-corrosion rate. The proposed model for ACEC does not invoke any new electrochemical concepts and is based on the conventional (DC) treatment of the corrosion processes; the model excludes treatment of cases with imposed cathodic protection current. The amount of ACEC is dependent on the magnitude of AC current that passes through the resistive component of the parallel resistive-capacitive electrochemical interface. ACEC is characterized by the rapid formation of a diffusion controlled (Warburg) process for corrosion in soils. Although diffusion controlled, the overall impedance decreases as the total AC current increases. The model suggests that AC currents (60Hz) cause anodic (positive) polarization shifts during the positive portion of the imposed AC sinewave along with cathodic polarization shifts in the negative portion of the AC sinewave; the net result is an increase in the average oxidation (metal loss) current as compared to the free-corrosion condition. The proposed model for the ACEC mechanism showed excellent correlation with the experimental results. The research work was made possible by the funding from PRCInternational.
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7

Bladh, Ronnie, Matthew P. Castanier, and Christophe Pierre. "Component-Mode-Based Reduced Order Modeling Techniques for Mistuned Bladed Disks: Part II — Application." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0361.

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In this paper, the component-mode-based methods formulated in the companion paper (Part I: Theoretical Models) are applied to the dynamic analysis of two example finite element models of bladed disks. Free and forced responses for both tuned and mistuned rotors are considered. Comprehensive comparisons are made among the techniques using full system finite element solutions as a benchmark. The accurate capture of eigenfrequency veering regions is of critical importance for obtaining high-fidelity predictions of the rotor’s sensitivity to mistuning. Therefore, particular attention is devoted to this subject. It is shown that the Craig-Bampton component mode synthesis (CMS) technique is robust and yields highly reliable results. However, this is achieved at considerable computational cost due to the retained component interface degrees of freedom (DOF). It is demonstrated that this problem is alleviated by a secondary modal analysis reduction technique (SMART). In addition, a non-CMS mistuning projection method is considered. Although this method is elegant and accurate, it is seen that it lacks the versatility and efficiency of the CMS-based SMART. Overall, this work shows that significant improvements on the accuracy and efficiency of current reduced order modeling methods are possible.
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8

Miller, Brian E., J. Edward Colgate, and Randy A. Freeman. "Computational Delay and Free Mode Environment Design for Haptic Display." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0030.

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Abstract This paper develops a technique for the design of haptic systems that guarantees the absence of oscillations. Valid components of the haptic system are general devices, virtual couplings and virtual environments, linear or nonlinear, however the current work focuses on linear components. Once developed, the method will be applied to a haptic system to investigate stability conditions for passive environments versus those for non-passive environments. Examples of computational delay and free mode environment design will be developed as meaningful design problems that fall into the category of non-passive environments.
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9

Panda, J., R. G. Seasholtz, K. A. Elam, and A. F. Mielke. "Time-Averaged Velocity, Temperature and Density Surveys of Supersonic Free Jets." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56856.

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A spectrally resolved molecular Rayleigh scattering technique was used to simultaneously measure axial component of velocity U, static temperature T, and density ρ in unheated free jets at Mach numbers Mj = 0.6, 0.95, 1.4 and 1.8. The latter two conditions were achieved using contoured convergent-divergent nozzles. A narrow line-width continuous wave laser was passed through the jet plumes and molecular scattered light from a small region on the beam was collected and analyzed using a Fabry-Perot interferometer. The optical spectrum analysis provided measures of velocity and static temperature. The local air density at the probe volume was determined by monitoring the intensity variation of the scattered light using photomultiplier tubes. The Fabry-Perot interferometer was operated in the imaging mode, whereby the fringe formed at the image plane was captured by a cooled CCD camera. Special attention was given to remove dust particles from the plume and to provide adequate vibration isolation to the optical components. The velocity profiles from various operating conditions were compared with that measured by a Pitot tube. An excellent comparison within 5m/s demonstrated the maturity of the technique. Temperature was measured least accurately, within 10K, while density was measured within 1% uncertainty. The survey data consisted of centerline variations and radial profiles of time-averaged U, T and ρ. The static temperature and density values were used to determine static pressure variations inside the jet. The data provided a comparative study of jet growth rates with increasing Mach number. The current work is part of a data-base development project for Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aeroacoustics codes that endeavor to predict noise characteristics of high speed jets. A limited amount of far field noise spectra from the same jets are also presented. Finally, a direct experimental validation was obtained for the Crocco-Busemann equation which is commonly used to predict temperature and density profiles from known velocity profiles. Data presented in this paper are available in ASCII format upon request.
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10

Pfaendtner, Jim, Linda J. Broadbelt, and Q. Jane Wang. "Quantum Chemical Studies of Free-Radical, Hindered Phenol Stabilizers." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-64007.

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Quantum chemical investigations of the action of hindered phenol radical stabilizers in lubricant degradation chemistry have been completed. We are currently developing the first mechanistic models of lubricant degradation with the aim of including the chemistry of additives such as radical stabilizers that are found in commercial lubricant formulations. A key component of development of these models is obtaining reliable estimates of the kinetic parameters for all reactions. Specifically, rate constants and structure-reactivity correlations for the interaction of hindered phenol radical stabilizers with small peroxy radicals have been sought using quantum chemistry and transition state theory. Accurate thermodynamic properties of hindered phenol radical stabilizers and structure-reactivity relationships have been obtained. Such relationships provide researchers the ability to quickly estimate reactivity of hindered phenol stabilizers using their thermodynamic properties and therefore may be useful in additive design.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Free component of current"

1

Ketsdever, Andrew. Free Molecule Micro-Resistojet: Current Status. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada410938.

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2

Reusch, M. F. Free boundary skin current MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) equilibria. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5256723.

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3

Getty, Ward D., Kelly D. Pearce, and Ronald R. Temske. Free Electron Laser with High Current Density Thermionic Cathode. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada238760.

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4

Green, M. C. High-current-density, high brightness cathodes for free electron laser applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6311267.

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5

Kur, E., D. J. Dunning, B. W. J. McNeil, J. Wurtele, and A. A. Zholents. A wide bandwidth free-electron laser with mode locking using current modulation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1015951.

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6

S.R. Hudson, D.A. Monticello, A.H. Reiman, D.J. Strickler, S.P. Hirshman, L-P. Ku, E. Lazarus, et al. Constructing Integrable High-pressure Full-current Free-boundary Stellarator Magnetohydrodynamic Equilibrium Solutions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/815091.

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Savelyev, Alexander, Anthony C. Robinson, and Alan M. MacEachren. Component 1: Current and Future Methods for Representing and Interacting with Qualitative Geographic Information. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada579193.

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8

Gschwender, Lois J., Angie Campo, Carl E. Snyder, Shashi K. Sharma, Tim Jenney, and George Fultz. Study of Hydraulic System Component Storage with a Rust Inhibited Barium Free Development Hydraulic Fluid Candidate. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada459220.

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Yee, Benjamin Tong, Keith Cartwright, and Timothy D. Pointon. November 2016 HERMES Outdoor Shot Series 10268-313: Free Space Fields and Current Coupling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1481505.

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Zholents, A. Design Considerations for the Free-Electron Laser with Self-Seeding and Current Enhanced SASE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1096155.

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Ми пропонуємо знижки на всі преміум-плани для авторів, чиї праці увійшли до тематичних добірок літератури. Зв'яжіться з нами, щоб отримати унікальний промокод!

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