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Статті в журналах з теми "Fredriḳ R"

1

Dowdle, Stephen F., and B. Ben Bohlool. "Intra- and inter-specific competition in Rhizobium fredii and Bradyrhizobium japonicum as indigenous and introduced organisms." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 33, no. 11 (November 1, 1987): 990–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m87-174.

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We studied the competition between Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Rhizobium fredii isolates for nodulation of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) cultivars Williams and Ai Jiao Zao grown in three different soils in pots. Two of the soils were from People's Republic of China, one from a soybean field in Honghu with no history of Rhizobium inoculation, and one from a rice field in Wuhan with no history of soybean cultivation. The Honghu soil contained B. japonicum and R. fredii (log total number g−1 = 5.82 ± 0.58); whereas the Wuhan soil only contained B. japonicum (log total number g−1 = 2.80 ± 0.52). Inoculation did not result in a significant increase in nodule number on plants in either soil. Uninoculated plants of both cultivars harbored only R. fredii in the Honghu soil and only B. japonicum in the Wuhan soil. Even when B. japonicum were inoculated into the Honghu soil, R. fredii occupied the majority of the nodules on both cultivars. In the Wuhan soil, B. japonicum serogroups USDA110 and USDA136b (= CB1809) occupied the majority of the nodules except when an isolate of R. fredii from the soybean soil was added in high numbers. In a Hawaiian soil devoid of B. japanicum or R. fredii, when soybeans were inoculated with isolates of both species, most of the nodules were formed by B. japonicum. The R. fredii isolate could form up to 20% of nodules in this soil, but only on the Ai Jia Zao cultivar. In the Wuhan but not the Hawaiian soil, peat pelleting of seeds with equal numbers of two B. japonicum and one R. fredii isolates increased nodule occupancy by B. japonicum USDA136b serogroup significantly as compared with when the same isolates were inoculated into the soil. The results reported here highlight the critical importance of being indigenous to the competitive success of B. japonicum and R. fredii in nodulation of their soybean host.
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Acosta-Jurado, Sebastián, Dulce-Nombre Rodríguez-Navarro, Yasuyuki Kawaharada, Juan Fernández Perea, Antonio Gil-Serrano, Haojie Jin, Qi An, et al. "Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 Invades Lotus burttii by Crack Entry in a Nod Factor–and Surface Polysaccharide–Dependent Manner." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 29, no. 12 (December 2016): 925–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-09-16-0195-r.

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Sinorhizobium fredii HH103-Rifr, a broad host range rhizobial strain, induces nitrogen-fixing nodules in Lotus burttii but ineffective nodules in L. japonicus. Confocal microscopy studies showed that Mesorhizobium loti MAFF303099 and S. fredii HH103-Rifr invade L. burttii roots through infection threads or epidermal cracks, respectively. Infection threads in root hairs were not observed in L. burttii plants inoculated with S. fredii HH103-Rifr. A S. fredii HH103-Rifr nodA mutant failed to nodulate L. burttii, demonstrating that Nod factors are strictly necessary for this crack-entry mode, and a noeL mutant was also severely impaired in L. burttii nodulation, indicating that the presence of fucosyl residues in the Nod factor is symbiotically relevant. However, significant symbiotic impacts due to the absence of methylation or to acetylation of the fucosyl residue were not detected. In contrast S. fredii HH103-Rifr mutants showing lipopolysaccharide alterations had reduced symbiotic capacity, while mutants affected in production of either exopolysaccharides, capsular polysaccharides, or both were not impaired in nodulation. Mutants unable to produce cyclic glucans and purine or pyrimidine auxotrophic mutants formed ineffective nodules with L. burttii. Flagellin-dependent bacterial mobility was not required for crack infection, since HH103-Rifr fla mutants nodulated L. burttii. None of the S. fredii HH103-Rifr surface-polysaccharide mutants gained effective nodulation with L. japonicus.
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diCenzo, George C., Maryam Zamani, Hannah N. Ludwig, and Turlough M. Finan. "Heterologous Complementation Reveals a Specialized Activity for BacA in the Medicago–Sinorhizobium meliloti Symbiosis." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 30, no. 4 (April 2017): 312–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-02-17-0030-r.

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The bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti Rm2011 forms N2-fixing root nodules on alfalfa and other leguminous plants. The pSymB chromid contains a 110-kb region (the ETR region) showing high synteny to a chromosomally located region in Sinorhizobium fredii NGR234 and related rhizobia. We recently introduced the ETR region from S. fredii NGR234 into the S. meliloti chromosome. Here, we report that, unexpectedly, the S. fredii NGR234 ETR region did not complement deletion of the S. meliloti ETR region in symbiosis with Medicago sativa. This phenotype was due to the bacA gene of NGR234 not being functionally interchangeable with the S. meliloti bacA gene during M. sativa symbiosis. Further analysis revealed that, whereas bacA genes from S. fredii or Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae 3841 failed to complement the Fix− phenotype of a S. meliloti bacA mutant with M. sativa, they allowed for further developmental progression prior to a loss of viability. In contrast, with Melilotus alba, bacA from S. fredii and R. leguminosarum supported N2 fixation by a S. meliloti bacA mutant. Additionally, the S. meliloti bacA gene can support N2 fixation of a R. leguminosarum bacA mutant during symbiosis with Pisum sativum. A phylogeny of BacA proteins illustrated that S. meliloti BacA has rapidly diverged from most rhizobia and has converged toward the sequence of pathogenic genera Brucella and Escherichia. These data suggest that the S. meliloti BacA has evolved toward a specific interaction with Medicago and highlights the limitations of using a single model system for the study of complex biological topics.
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Fisher, Mark. "What Is Hauntology?" Film Quarterly 66, no. 1 (2012): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2012.66.1.16.

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Consideration of the idea of hauntology encompassing Jacques Derrida’s introduction of the term in Specters of Marx; Fredric Jameson’s analyses of postmodernism and The Shining; and a British tradition of literature, film, and television by such authors as John Akomfrah, Alan Garner, M. R. James, Patrick Keiller, Nigel Kneale, David Peace, and Chris Petit.
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Jiao, Jian, Li Juan Wu, Biliang Zhang, Yue Hu, Yan Li, Xing Xing Zhang, Hui Juan Guo, et al. "MucR Is Required for Transcriptional Activation of Conserved Ion Transporters to Support Nitrogen Fixation of Sinorhizobium fredii in Soybean Nodules." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 29, no. 5 (May 2016): 352–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-01-16-0019-r.

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To achieve effective symbiosis with legume, rhizobia should fine-tune their background regulation network in addition to activating key genes involved in nodulation (nod) and nitrogen fixation (nif). Here, we report that an ancestral zinc finger regulator, MucR1, other than its paralog, MucR2, carrying a frameshift mutation, is essential for supporting nitrogen fixation of Sinorhizobium fredii CCBAU45436 within soybean nodules. In contrast to the chromosomal mucR1, mucR2 is located on symbiosis plasmid, indicating its horizontal transfer potential. A MucR2 homolog lacking the frameshift mutation, such as the one from S. fredii NGR234, can complement phenotypic defects of the mucR1 mutant of CCBAU45436. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the MucR1 regulon of CCBAU45436 within nodules exhibits significant difference compared with that of free-living cells. MucR1 is required for active expression of transporters for phosphate, zinc, and elements essential for nitrogenase activity (iron, molybdenum, and sulfur) in nodules but is dispensable for transcription of key genes (nif/fix) involved in nitrogen fixation. Further reverse genetics suggests that S. fredii uses high-affinity transporters to meet the demand for zinc and phosphate within nodules. These findings, together with the horizontal transfer potential of the mucR homolog, imply an intriguing evolutionary role of this ancestral regulator in supporting nitrogen fixation.
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Verplanck, Philip L. "Frederic R. Siegel: Environmental Geochemistry of Potentially Toxic Metals." Mineralium Deposita 38, no. 2 (February 2003): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00126-002-0328-x.

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Cubo, Teresa, Francisco Romero, Jose M. Vinardell, and Jose E. Ruiz-Sainz. "Expression of the Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli melA Gene in Other Rhizobia Does Not Require the Presence of the nifA Gene." Functional Plant Biology 24, no. 2 (1997): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp96076.

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Many different Rhizobium strains produce melanin (Mel+) when grown on solid media supplemented with L-tyrosine. The composition of the media and the culture conditions are of great importance for pigment production. Previous reports showed that some Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli strains that produce the pigment in complete solid media (TY) failed to produce the pigment in minimal media (SY) supplemented with L-tyrosine or in TY liquid media. In this paper we have investigated different R. fredii, R. meliloti, R. etli and R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii and phaseoli strains (all of them Mel+ in solid media) for their ability to produce the pigment in liquid media. All Rhizobium species tested, except Rhizobium etli, were Mel+ in liquid media and in all cases the pigment yielded maximum absorption peaks at 280 and 315 nm. Melanin production by other bacteria (such as Vibrio, Streptomyces or Azospirillum) is enhanced by the presence of amino acids other that tyrosine. In this paper we show that the addition of L-methionine, which is not a precursor of rhizobial melanins, stimulated pigment production by Rhizobium cultures supplemented with L-tyrosine. The role of melanin production by Rhizobium strains is unclear. One hypothesis is that the Rhizobium tyrosinase, a bifunctional copper-containing enzyme that is essential for melanin biosynthesis, could detoxify polyphenolic compounds which might accumulate in senescing nodules. We show here that R. etli and R. fredii bacteroids produced melanin, which supports the idea that bacteroids contain the enzyme tyrosinase. Previous reports showed that, in R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli strain 8002, the expression of the tyrosinase gene (melA) is dependent on the presence of nifA, a regulatory gene that is located in the symbiotic plasmid. However, transfer of R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli melA gene to pSym-cured derivatives of R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii and viciae, R. fredii and Rhizobium sp. (Hedysarum) produced Mel+ transconjugants. DNA-hybridisation experiments showed that the pSym-cured strains did not contain any copy of nifA. Therefore, in contrast to the results reported on R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli strain 8002, the expression of the melA gene in other rhizobia is not nifA-dependent. Key words: Rhizobium, melanin.
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Shah, Ketan S., L. David Kuykendall, and Choong-Hyun Kim. "R-prime plasmids from Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Rhizobium fredii." Archives of Microbiology 152, no. 6 (November 1989): 550–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00425485.

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Zou, Hang, Ni-Na Zhang, Qing Pan, Jian-Hua Zhang, Juan Chen, and Ge-Hong Wei. "Hydrogen Sulfide Promotes Nodulation and Nitrogen Fixation in Soybean–Rhizobia Symbiotic System." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 32, no. 8 (August 2019): 972–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-01-19-0003-r.

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The rhizobium–legume symbiotic system is crucial for nitrogen cycle balance in agriculture. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous signaling molecule, may regulate various physiological processes in plants. However, whether H2S has regulatory effect in this symbiotic system remains unknown. Herein, we investigated the possible role of H2S in the symbiosis between soybean (Glycine max) and rhizobium (Sinorhizobium fredii). Our results demonstrated that an exogenous H2S donor (sodium hydrosulfide [NaHS]) treatment promoted soybean growth, nodulation, and nitrogenase (Nase) activity. Western blotting analysis revealed that the abundance of Nase component nifH was increased by NaHS treatment in nodules. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction data showed that NaHS treatment upregulated the expressions of symbiosis-related genes nodA, nodC, and nodD of S. fredii. In addition, expression of soybean nodulation marker genes, including early nodulin 40 (GmENOD40), ERF required for nodulation (GmERN), nodulation signaling pathway 2b (GmNSP2b), and nodulation inception genes (GmNIN1a, GmNIN2a, and GmNIN2b), were upregulated. Moreover, the expressions of glutamate synthase (GmGOGAT), asparagine synthase (GmAS), nitrite reductase (GmNiR), ammonia transporter (GmSAT1), leghemoglobin (GmLb), and nifH involved in nitrogen metabolism were upregulated in NaHS-treated soybean roots and nodules. Together, our results suggested that H2S may act as a positive signaling molecule in the soybean–rhizobia symbiotic system and enhance the system’s nitrogen fixation ability.
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Acosta-Jurado, Sebastián, Cynthia Alias-Villegas, Pilar Navarro-Gómez, Susanne Zehner, Piedad del Socorro Murdoch, Miguel A. Rodríguez-Carvajal, María J. Soto, et al. "The Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 MucR1 Global Regulator Is Connected With the nod Regulon and Is Required for Efficient Symbiosis With Lotus burttii and Glycine max cv. Williams." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 29, no. 9 (September 2016): 700–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-06-16-0116-r.

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Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 is a rhizobial strain showing a broad host range of nodulation. In addition to the induction of bacterial nodulation genes, transition from a free-living to a symbiotic state requires complex genetic expression changes with the participation of global regulators. We have analyzed the role of the zinc-finger transcriptional regulator MucR1 from S. fredii HH103 under both free-living conditions and symbiosis with two HH103 host plants, Glycine max and Lotus burttii. Inactivation of HH103 mucR1 led to a severe decrease in exopolysaccharide (EPS) biosynthesis but enhanced production of external cyclic glucans (CG). This mutant also showed increased cell aggregation capacity as well as a drastic reduction in nitrogen-fixation capacity with G. max and L. burttii. However, in these two legumes, the number of nodules induced by the mucR1 mutant was significantly increased and decreased, respectively, with respect to the wild-type strain, indicating that MucR1 can differently affect nodulation depending on the host plant. RNA-Seq analysis carried out in the absence and the presence of flavonoids showed that MucR1 controls the expression of hundreds of genes (including some related to EPS production and CG transport), some of them being related to the nod regulon.
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Дисертації з теми "Fredriḳ R"

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McGowan, Patrick. ""Desirable images" : sexual mapping in William S. Burroughs's Naked lunch and Samuel R. Delany's Dhalgren." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002934.

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Busse, Frederik [Verfasser], and R. J. Dwayne [Akademischer Betreuer] Miller. "Mechanisms of Picosecond Infrared Laser Desorption Ionization / Frederik Busse ; Betreuer: R. J. Dwayne Miller." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1192912977/34.

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Sommer, Frederic [Verfasser]. "Dimension-free maximal and r-variational Lp-estimates of averaging operators for products of Euclidean balls and spheres / Frederic Sommer." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2019. http://d-nb.info/119886236X/34.

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Grote, Jessica [Verfasser], and Wolfgang R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Streit. "Deciphering regulatory mechanisms involved in phenotypic heterogeneity of the autoinducer synthase genes traI and ngrI in Sinorhizobium fredii NGR234 using single cell technologies and RNA-seq / Jessica Grote ; Betreuer: Wolfgang R. Streit." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1147969159/34.

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Книги з теми "Fredriḳ R"

1

B, Jones Paul, and Klepp Lawrence, eds. Frederic R. Coudert, Jr.: A biography. [New York, N.Y.?]: P.M. Coudert, 1985.

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2

Publikationen, Viele Termine. 2020 Tagesplaner Von Frederic: Personalisierter Kalender F�r 2020 Mit Deinem Vornamen. Independently Published, 2019.

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3

Publikationen, Viele Termine. 2020 Tagesplaner Von Frederic: Personalisierter Kalender F�r 2020 Mit Deinem Vornamen. Independently Published, 2019.

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4

Publikationen, Viele Termine. 2020 Tagesplaner Von Frederik: Personalisierter Kalender F�r 2020 Mit Deinem Vornamen. Independently Published, 2019.

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5

Life of Frederic William Farrar, D. D. , F. R. S. , etc. , Sometime Dean of Canterbury. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2022.

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Publikationen, Gesundes Leben. Trainingstagebuch Von Frederik: Personalisierter Tagesplaner F�r Dein Fitness- und Krafttraining Im Fitnessstudio Oder Zuhause. Independently Published, 2019.

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Publikationen, Viele Termine. Trainingstagebuch Von Frederic: Personalisierter Tagesplaner F�r Dein Fitness- und Krafttraining Im Fitnessstudio Oder Zuhause. Independently Published, 2019.

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8

Publikationen, Gesundes Leben. Trainingstagebuch Von Frederic: Personalisierter Tagesplaner F�r Dein Fitness- und Krafttraining Im Fitnessstudio Oder Zuhause. Independently Published, 2019.

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9

Publikationen, Viele Termine. Trainingstagebuch Von Frederik: Personalisierter Tagesplaner F�r Dein Fitness- und Krafttraining Im Fitnessstudio Oder Zuhause. Independently Published, 2019.

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10

Publikationen, Viele Termine. Trainingstagebuch Von Frederik: Personalisierter Tagesplaner F�r Dein Fitness- und Krafttraining Im Fitnessstudio Oder Zuhause. Independently Published, 2019.

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Частини книг з теми "Fredriḳ R"

1

Bruyn, Frans De. "Jameson, Fredric R." In Encyclopedia of Contemporary Literary Theory, edited by Irena Makaryk, 380–82. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442674417-123.

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Feffer, Andrew. "Vichy’s Lawyer?" In Bad Faith, 70–82. Fordham University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823281169.003.0005.

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"R. W. Church to Frederic Rogers." In The Letters and Diaries of John Henry Newman, Vol. 8: Tract 90 and the Jerusalem Bishopric: January 1841 to April 1842, edited by Gerard Tracey, 109–11. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oseo/instance.00139646.

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Trotter, David. "One of Whom? Lord Jim and ‘Ability in the Abstract’." In Paranoid Modernism, 159–86. Oxford University PressOxford, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198187554.003.0006.

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Abstract For historians of English literary culture, one text above all has brought into focus the issue I addressed in the final section of the previous chapter: the issue of the relation between Modernist experiment and tum-of-the-century popular romance. That text is Joseph Conrad’s Lord Jim (1900). In what is probably the most influential study of the novel to have been published in the last twenty years or so, Frederic Jameson observes that the novel’s method combines an avant-garde ‘practice of style’ with the ‘diversion and distraction’ an Edwardian reader would have expected to find in a nautical yarn by R. M. Ballantyne or Frederick Marryat. In Jameson’s fornmla, Lord Jim is part Proust, part Robert Louis Stevenson: it combines an austere Modernism with the ‘commercialized cultural discourse’ characteristic, in his view, of a ‘media society’.
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Saldivar, Ramón. "The Borderlands of Culture: America Paredes’s George Washington Gomez and Chicano Literature at the End of the Twentieth Century." In The American Literary History Reader, 318–39. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195095043.003.0015.

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Abstract The Caribbean revolutionary, writer, and theoretician C. L. R. James once noted that “[o]ver a hundred years ago, Hegel said that the simplest reflection will show the necessity of holding fast ... the affirmation that is contained in every negation, the future that is in the present” (161).1 Doing “cultural studies” before the term, with all of its current proprietary implications, was in common use, James has much to say about questions of culture, writing, and politics, issues of vital concern today. James ‘s analyses are particularly instructive in the way they consider issues of cultural production in relation to personal consciousness and across national boundaries and historical eras. The last few years, however, have been marked less by speculation on the future than by what Fredric Jameson has called “an inverted millenarianism ... in which premonitions of the future, catastrophic or redeinptive, have been replaced by senses of the end of this or that (the end of ideology, art, or social class; the ‘crisis’ of Leninism, social democracy, or the welfare state, etc., etc.” (“Postmodernism” 53). Given the recent, astonishingly sudden, collapse of Communism in the Soviet Union and in Eastern Europe, an event that Robin Blackburn has called “sufficiently comprehensive to eliminate [Communism] as an alternative to capitalism and to compromise the very idea of socialism” (5), one might understandably be tempted to add to this list, in premature gesture of dismissal, the end of Marxism, or of revolution.
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Feather, Leonard, and Ira Gitler. "m." In The Biographical Encyclopedia of Jazz, 425–89. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195074185.003.0013.

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Abstract Mabern, harold jr., pno, comp; b. Memphis, TN, 3/20/36. Started on dms., pl. w. Frank Strozier while in hs. Pursued serious pno. study after hearing Phineas Newborn Jr. Moved to Chi. 1954; pl. w. Morris Ellis bb; Walter Perkins’ MJT+3; Bob Cranshaw; Frank Strozier; Bobby Bryant; Willie Thomas. Moved to NYC ’59; pl. w. Harry “Sweets” Edison ’59; Lionel Hampton ’60; Art Farmer–Benny Golson Jazztet ’61–2; Roy Haynes, Irene Reid, Arthur Prysock ’62; Miles Davis in Calif.; J. J. Johnson ’63–5; Wes Montgomery ’64; Joe Williams ’66–7; Lee Morgan ’67; Walter Bolden Trio ’73–4. Member of Stanley Cowell’s 7-pno. Piano Choir ’70. Pl. and/or rec. in ’70s w. George Coleman; Danny Moore; Billy Harper; Roy Haynes; Freddie Hubbard; R. R. Kirk; Hank Mobley; Clark Terry; Joe Newman; and many others. Regular member of G. Coleman’s qt. since the ’80s. Taught pno. and improv. at William Paterson Coll. since ’71. In ’90 and ’91 Mabern toured Japan w. the 100 Gold Fingers of Jazz, a gp. comprising 10 top jazz pnsts. “Music is my love,” says Mabern. “I never take it for granted.” A strong bebop-based, blues-grounded player, he has been unjustly neglected through much of his career. Favs: Phineas Newborn Jr., Ahmad Jamal; arr: Thad Jones. Polls: BMI Jazz Pioneer. Fests: Eur., Jap. w. Coleman, J. Newman. TV: Jazz Set w. Bobbi Humphrey ’71; Soul w. Lucky Thompson ’70s. CDs: Col.; Sack.; Prest.; w. G. Coleman (Evid.); Betty Carter (Cap.); Lee Morgan; Mobley; Hubbard (BN); J. J. Johnson (Imp.); Contemp. Pno Ens. (Evid.; Col.); Cecil Payne; Jimmy Forrest; Eric Alexander (Del.); Kirk (Merc.); Strozier; Louis Smith (Steep.); J. Griffin (Gal.); G. Benson (CTI).
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Kowsky, Francis R. "Possible Together, Impossible To Either Alone1859-1865." In Country, Park, & City, 137–74. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195114959.003.0007.

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Abstract By the time Vaux had reached his 34th birthday, in 1858, he could regard himself as well along the road to success. He had authored an important book on domestic architecture, designed a major bank building, and won the competition to design the nation’s largest municipal park. Undoubtedly buoyed by these achievements, Vaux sought and obtained entry into New York club life. As an early member of the Down Town Association (founded in December 1859), he often dined at its Exchange Place clubhouse, a building he may have taken charge ofremodeling in 1860.1 As one of the original 300 members of the Athenaeum Club, Vaux must have attended the opening of the organization’s quarters, a commodious building on Fifth Avenue near 16th Street, “fitted up with every convenience requisite for the comfort of its members.”2 In addition to dining and socializing, the Athenaeum, whose executive committee included art biographer Henry T. Tuckerman, endeavored to provide its members with high-caliber programs, such as the evening that Vaux and Jervis McEntee spent listening to a lecture by expatriate artist William Page.3 But most of all, Vaux valued his membership in the prestigious Century Association, a select circle of artists and men of letters to which Vaux was admitted in 1859.4 Over the course of his lifetime, he was to pass many stimulating and pleasurable hours there, including a gala Twelfth Night celebration when, lounging on a Turkish rug, he joined fellow Centurians in “smoking, drinking, laughing, or suddenly singing a note on a horn.” 5 At the Century, Vaux could enjoy the company of such artist friends as Jervis McEntee, Frederic Edwin Church, R. Sanford Gifford, Eastman Johnson, and George Henry Hall, one of whose pictures hung in Vaux’s home.6 These men shared Vaux’s Romantic esthetic philosophy, as well as his hope that someday Ame:rica would come to value its painters, sculptors, and architects as it did its practical men of business and industry.
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8

Katz, Ernest R., and Avi Madan-Swain. "Maximizing School, Academic, and Social Outcomes in Children and Adolescents With Cancer." In Comprehensive Handbook of Childhood Cancer and Sickle Cell Disease. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195169850.003.0023.

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Medical advances incorporating intensive and difficult multimodal therapies have resulted in improved rates of survival in childhood cancer (Institute of Medicine, 2003). With improvements in disease management and survival, maintaining and enhancing maximal quality of life in young people living with cancer is the accepted psychosocial goal of comprehensive care (Armstrong & Briery, 2004; Institute of Medicine, 2003; Madan-Swain, Katz, & LaGory, 2004). As the primary venue for academic, cognitive, social, and emotional development during childhood and adolescence, ongoing participation and success in school are essential for positive health outcomes in young people (Brown, 2004; Madan- Swain et al., 2004). Actively engaging in school activities is an opportunity for the young person living with cancer and its often-difficult treatment to normalize an otherwise-disrupted life experience. School participation enhances quality of life and provides youths with hope for the future (Katz, 1980; Katz, Dolgin, & Varni, 1990; Katz, Kellerman, Rigler, Williams, & Siegel, 1977; Madan-Swain, Fredrick, & Wallender, 1999). Cancer and its treatment have been associated with multiple school-related difficulties, including attendance problems, fatigue, pain, teasing and social isolation from peers, neurocognitive impairments, and academic deficiencies (Armstrong, 2003; R. Butler & Copeland, 2002; Katz, 1980; Katz et al., 1977; Katz, Rubinstein, Hubert, & Blew, 1988; Keene, 2003; Madan-Swain et al., 1999; Mitby et al., 2003; Spinetta & Deasy-Spinetta, 1986). Psychosocial factors such as singleparent families, high levels of maternal distress, and non-English-speaking immigrant families each may further negatively impact a family’s ability to manage school and social difficulties experienced by their children (Madan-Swain et al., 2004; Madan-Swain, Katz, LaGory, 2004; Kazak et al., 1998; Mulhern, Wasserman, Friedman, & Fairclough, 1989; Sahler et al., 2005; Varni, Burwinkle, Katz, Meeske, & Dickinson, 2002). School and social difficulties in children and adolescents with cancer can best be understood within the disability, stress, and coping theoretical model of pediatric chronic physical disorders proposed by Varni and Wallender (Varni & Wallender, 1988; Wallender & Varni, 1989). Cancer produces chronic strains for both children and parents. Strains are defined as persistent objective conditions that require continual readjustment, repeatedly interfering with the adequate performance of ordinary role-related activities such as school and social relationships.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Fredriḳ R"

1

Trezza, J. A., J. Powell, M. Morf, and J. S. Harris. "Vertical Cavity X-Modulators." In Photonics in Switching. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ps.1995.pthd4.

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Recently, we have experimentally developed two types of ideal optoelectronic switches using Fabry-Perot vertical, III-V semiconductor structures. Zero chirp reflectivity modulators operate as pure optical amplitude switches;1 vertical cavity phase flip modulators (VCPPM) operate as pure optical phase switches.2 The later display large intensity output in both of the device’s states and switching occurrs by altering phase between 0° and 180°. In this work we describe a photon conserving, reversible intensity switch. In this device, known as an X-modulator, the incident power is either transmitted through or reflected from the device. Reversibility indicates that the device is designed so that the outputs for light incident from both the top and bottom of the structure are nearly identical. The device ideally does not modify total amplitude or phase, but merely routes incident photons. Thus the X-modulator provides the third of the three desirable optical modulators: amplitude modulator, phase modulator, direction modulator. By being both conservative and reversible, the device is uniquely capable of performing complex optical switching, routing, and logic.3 The device is essentially a vertical cavity, electro-optical realization of an X-gate (sometimes referred to as a Fredkin Gate) which is a primitive structure into which all logic functions can be decomposed. The first experimental device, when switched with an applied bias of 40V, modulates from (T ~ 60%, R~ 6%) to (T ~ 6%, R~ 60%). We will discuss individual device design including the optimization of the device parameter space: lower voltage, optical bandwidth, modulation ratio, insertion loss, and how to match these devices to electronics. In addition, theoretical and experimental results of stacked devices and the use of graded buffers to reduce electric field requirements will be explained as will issues such as device crosstalk in cross bar switches.
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