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Статті в журналах з теми "Forests and forestry Government policy"
Duinker, P. N., P. W. Matakala, and D. Zhang. "Community forestry and its implications for Northern Ontario." Forestry Chronicle 67, no. 2 (April 1, 1991): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc67131-2.
Повний текст джерелаWright, Glenn D., Krister P. Andersson, Clark C. Gibson, and Tom P. Evans. "Decentralization can help reduce deforestation when user groups engage with local government." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 52 (December 12, 2016): 14958–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1610650114.
Повний текст джерелаKlyza, Christopher McGrory. "Ideas, Institutions, and Policy Patterns: Hardrock Mining, Forestry, and Grazing Policy on United States Public Lands, 1870–1985." Studies in American Political Development 8, no. 2 (1994): 341–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x00001279.
Повний текст джерелаHickey, Gordon M. "Polarized debate surrounding Tasmania’s old-growth forests." Forestry Chronicle 85, no. 5 (October 1, 2009): 762–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc85762-5.
Повний текст джерелаFanta, Josef, and Petr Petřík. "Forests and Climate Change in Czechia: an Appeal to Responsibility." Journal of Landscape Ecology 11, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2018-0009.
Повний текст джерелаTyapkin, Mikhail. "«Order to the forest ranger and forester at the state forests», 1869: historical and legal analysis." Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2022, no. 1 (March 24, 2022): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2071-8284-2022-1-49-55.
Повний текст джерелаSulistiowati, R., S. Wahyuni, M. K. Yunanto, M. Elsera, W. E. Yudiatmaja, and T. Samnuzulsari. "Community forestry for environmental sustainability and ecotourism: the context and problems in Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1041, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1041/1/012037.
Повний текст джерелаMaher, Sasha, and Adam Forbes. "Responsible Forest-centred Climate Policy." Policy Quarterly 18, no. 2 (May 20, 2022): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/pq.v18i2.7574.
Повний текст джерелаAshton, Wm (Bill), and Bill Anderson. "New Brunswick's "Jaakko Pöyry" report: perceptions of senior forestry officials about its influence on forest policy." Forestry Chronicle 81, no. 1 (February 1, 2005): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc81081-1.
Повний текст джерелаStojanovski, Vladimir. "Policy Processes in the Institutionalisation of Private Forestry in the Republic of North Macedonia." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (March 29, 2022): 4018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14074018.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Forests and forestry Government policy"
Baral, Jagadish Chandra. "Government intervention and local processes in community forestry in the hills of Nepal /." Richmond, N.S.W. : University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1999. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030522.085631/index.html.
Повний текст джерелаRaizada, Rachana. "Corporate responses to government and environmental group actions designed to protect the environment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ27230.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаWatts, White Scotney. "The effects of forestry policy on the sustainability of forest resources in Southern Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53108.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study aims to evaluate the effects of forestry policy on the sustainability of forest resources in Southern Africa. However, the study has confirmed that forestry policy does not operate independently of other policies. Its scope is defined by overarching framework legislation and policy, while it functions within a complex mesh of crosscutting and sectoral policies. Therefore, the implications of these external policies for forest conservation have also been assessed. The method used employs predominantly qualitative assessment of documentary data, which constitute the main contents of the three case studies: South Africa, Tanzania and Zambia. This qualitative information has been transformed into quantitative data, using a scoring scale of one to five for certain indicators of sustainable forest management (SFM). The average score for each country makes up a forest conservation index (FCI), which provides a comprehensive insight into the performance of a country's forestry and other resource conservation policies. South Africa's FCI is estimated at 3, while Tanzania and Zambia's indices have been rounded to 2 each. As South Africa's forestry policy and other biological resource conservation policies came into existence as recent as the mid- and late 1990s, this index suggests that these policies will lead to SFM subject to satisfactory implementation. Indeed, South Africa has a congruous forestry legislation whose regulatory mechanisms are appropriately blended with financial and framework incentives. Its overarching framework legislation and policy define forestry policy, while the crosscutting policies reinforce it. However, the country's performance on intergovernmental and intersectoral policy co-ordination is poor, as well as on the economic valuation of its natural forest resources. Furthermore, the formulation of South Africa's forestry policy was not founded on up-to-date forest resource data. Contrary to the South African case, Tanzania and Zambia's indices indicate the likelihood of unsustainable forest use and management. These countries' existing forestry and other resource conservation policy-making processes are narrow-based and gender-insensitive, rendering them unpopular among policyaffected and policy-connected stakeholders. These inappropriate policies and their blunt instruments distort markets for forest resources, i.e., create situations in which benefits are dissociated from costs, prices from scarcities, rights from responsibilities and actions from consequences. Both forestry policies and their governing tools were not founded on contemporary forest resource data, i.e., they are not issue centred. The countries' framework laws have also failed to institutionalise environmental impact assessment, monitoring and evaluation, intersectoral policy co-ordination, participatory approaches to natural resource management and ownership of environmental assets such as land and forest resources by local communities. The administration of forestry policy requires competent professional and technical staff. South Africa has adequate human resources in the forestry sector, although the personnel appear to lack the necessary skills for participatory forest management for poverty reduction. Tanzania has adequate but ineffective forestry personnel, resutting in lack of law enforcement and corruption while Zambia lacks professional staff to interpret and implement the existing forestry policy. The ineffectiveness and the lack of professional and technical staff, inter alia, is reflected in the high rates of deforestation, which have been estimated at 91,000 halannum for Tanzania and 851,000 halannum for Zambia. Unlike South Africa, both Tanzania and Zambia's sectoral policies fail to cultivate concerns for forest conservation. This situation is aggravated further by the pervasive lack of intra- and intersectoral policy coordination among biological resource conservation divisions and departments. The coherence of South Africa's forestry and other resource conservation policies is attributable to the scarcity of natural forests in the country. Approximately, 7.0% of South Africa's landscape is under forest cover, while Tanzania and Zambia have 37% and 42%, respectively. Decreasing supplies of forest coupled with the increasing demands for forest resources causes the value of forest resources to appreciate. Naturally, there is a stronger need for the forest-scarce South Africa to pursue prudent conservation policies to protect its limited forest than Tanzania and Zambia whose governments treat their respective vast land and forest resources as a safety valve for economic hardship without adequate investment in SFM. In summary, forest resource use and management in Tanzania and Zambia are littered by market and policy failures. It is envisaged that the opportunities and constraints identified in each market and policy failure will inform future forestry and related policy-making process, not only in the concerned countries but also in other African countries experiencing similar forest conservation problems.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie het ten doel om die effekte te evalueer wat bosboubeleid het op die volhoubaarheid van woudhulpbronne in Suidelike Afrika. Hierdie studie het egter bevestig dat bosboubeleid nie onafhanklik van ander beleidspunte funksioneer nie. Die omvang daarvan word gedefinieer deur oorkoepelende raamwerkwetgewing en beleid, terwyl dit binne 'n komplekse netwerk van oorkruisende en sektorale beleid funksioneer. Daaom is die implikasies van hierdie eksteme beleidspunte vir woudbewaring ook bepaal. Die metode gebruik, wend hoofsaaklik kwalitatiewe beraming van dokumentere data aan, wat die hoofinhoud van die drie gevallestudies, nl. Suid-Afrika, Tanzania en Zambia uitrnaak. Hierdie kwalitatiewe informasie is omvorm na kwantitatiewe data, deur gebruik te maak van 'n skaal van een tot vyf vir sekere indikators van vohoubae bosbestuur (VBB). Die gemiddelde punt vir elke land vorm 'n woudbewaringsindeks (WBI), wat 'n omvatlende insig verskaf van die land se uitvoering van die bosbou- en bewaringsbeleid van ander hulpbronne. Suid-Afrika se WBI is beraam op 3, terwyl Tanzania en Zambia sa indekse elk tot 2 afgerond is. Siende dat Suid-Afrika se bosbou- en bewainqsoeleld van ander biologiese hulpbronne eers so onlangs as die middel- en laat 1990's in werking getree het, stel hierdie indeks voor dat die beleid sal lei tot VBB, onderhewig aan bevredigende uitvoering daarvan. Suid-Afrika het inderdaad 'n gepaste bosboubeleid, waarvan die regulerende meganismes toepaslik vermeng is met finensiele en raamwerk aansporings. Die oorkoepelende raamwerkwetgewing en beleid definieer bosboubeleid, terwyl oorkruisende beleidspunte dit versterk. Die land se uitvoering van interregerings- en intersektorale beleidkoordinasie, is egter swak, asook in die ekonomiesa waardering van sy natuurlike woudhulpbronne. Verder, is die formulering van Suid-Afrika se bosboubeleid nie gegrond op woudhulpbrondata wat op hoogte was nie. In teenstelling met die Suid-Afrikaanse geval, toon die indeksa van Tanzania en Zcrnbia die waCl'skynlikheid van onvomoubae bosbenutting en -bestuur. Hierdie lande se bestaande beleidvormingsprosasse vir bosbou en bewaring van ander hulpbronne, is eng-gebaseer en geslags-onsensitief, wat dit onpopulsr maak onder beleidgeaffekteerde en beleidverbonde insethouers. Hierdie ontoepaslike beleidspunte en stomp instrumente verdraai markte vir woudhulpbronne, d.i. skep situasies waarin voordele gedissosieer is van kostes, pryse van skaashed, regte van verantwoordelikhede en aksies van nagevolge. Beide bosboubeleidspunte en die leidingsinstrumente is nie gegrond op kontemporere woudhulpbrondata nie, d.w.s. hulle is nie rondom die kwessie gesentreer nie. Die lande se raamwerkwette het ook gefaal daarin om omgewingsimpakberamings, monitering en evaluering, intersektorale beleidkoordinering, deelnemende benaderings tot natuurlike hulpbronbestuur en plaaslike gemeenskappe sa eienaaskai van omgewingsbates, SODS grond en woudhulpbronne in te stel. Die administrasie van bosboubeleid verg bevoegde professionele en tegniese personeel. Sui-Afrika het voldoende menslike hulpbronne in die bosbousektor, hoewel dit voorkom of die personeel nie die nodige vaadiqhede het vir deelnemende bosbestuur vir die veligting van arnoede nie. Tanzanie het voldoende, maa oneffektiewe bosboupersoneel, wat 'n gebrek aan wetstoepassing en korrupsie tot gevolg het, terwyl Zambie 'n tekort het aan professionele personeel om die bestaande bosboubeleid te interpreteer en te implementeer. Die oneffektiwiteit en die gebrek aan professionele en tegniese personeel, onder andere, word gerefiekteer in die hoe tempo van ontbossing, wat beraam is op 91,000 ha/jaCl'vir Tenzenie en 851,000 ha/jaCl'vir Zembie. Anders as Suid-Afrika, faal beide Tanzanie en Zambia se sektorale beleidspunte daain om belange vir woudbewaring te kweek. Hierdie situasie word verder vererger deur die deurdringende gebrek aan intra- en intersektorale beleidkoordinering onder afdelings en departemente van biologiese hulpbronbewaring. Die verband tussen Suid-Afrika se bosbou- en bewaringsbeleid van ander hulpbronne word toegeskryf aan die skaarsheid van natuurlike woude in die land. Ongeveer 7.0% van die Suid-Afrikaanse landskap is bedek met woude, terwyl Tanzanie en Zambia onderskeidelik 37% en 42% bedek is. Verlaagde voorraad van woude, gepaard met die toenemende vraag na woudhulpbronne, het tot gevolg dat die waade van woudhulpbronne styg. Natuurlik is daar 'n groter behoefte vir die woud-arm Suid-Afrika om verstandige bewaingsbeleid na te streef om sy beperkte woude te beskerm as Tanzanie en Zambie, waa hulle regerings hul onderskeie ge\Yeldigegrond en woudhulpbronne behandel as 'n veiligheidsklep vir ekonomiese ontbering, sonder voldoende belegging in VBB. As opsomming, is die benutting en bestuur van woudhulpbronne in Tanzania en Zambia met mark- en beleidsmislukking besaai. Dit word beoog dat die geleenthede en beperkinge wat met elke mark- en beleidsmislukking ge'identifiseer is, toekomstige bosbou en verwante beleidvormingsproses kan inlig, nie net in die betrokke lande nie, maar ook in ander Afrika lande wat soortgelyke woudbewarings probleme ondervind.
Ndlovu, Nomzamo Bonisiwe. "Quantifying indigenous forest change in Dukuduku from 1960 to 2008 using GIS and remote sensing techniques to support sustainable forest management planning." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85622.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study aimed to understand how Dukuduku Forest in Kwa-Zulu Natal has changed from 1960 to 2008 and whether the change in political regimes, during and post apartheid eras might have contributed to changes in forest extent. To achieve the aims, the following analyses were made: - Qualitative and quantitative spatial analyses of forest change; - Analyses of the correspondence of change with political changes in the country; - Assessment of perception of people living in the Dukuduku forest area. The Dukuduku land cover was mapped from aerial photos using ArcGIS 9.3 to determine whether or not there has been a significant change in the area from 1960-2008, in response to resource use pressures and to come up with the strategic sustainable management plan from the results found. Five aerial photographs were used to determine the changes in land cover from the year: 1960, 1970, 1992, 2005 and 2008. The Land cover types were classified into four classes, Indigenous Forests, Plantation Forests, Water Bodies and Other (open areas, cultivated land, and all the human disturbed and transformed land). The percentage of cover per class was compared across the years to determine overall change in land cover and the rate of change per year was also calculated. The results from the study showed that: - Natural Forest increased by 11% (700 ha), at the rate of 20.56 hectares per year between 1960 and 1992, which is the apartheid era. Between 1992 and 2008, the democratic era, the forest decreased by 34.4% (2472.31ha), at the rate of 168 hectares per year. - The Dukuduku forest community gains resources (timber and grass for construction, art, firewood, medicinal plants, grazing of livestock and food) from the forest. The people are willing to contribute in protecting the forest only if the governing authorities would include them in decisions made, as the NFA demands Participatory Forest Management, but which does not currently exist in Dukuduku.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die verandering van die Dukuduku woud in Kwa-Zulu Natal vanaf 1960 tot 2008, en vernaamlik of die verandering in politieke regimes tydens en in die postapartheid eras tot verandering bygedra het in die woud se vorm. Om hierdie doelwitte te breik is die volgende analises gedoen: - Kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe ruimtelike analises van woudverandering; - Analises van die korrelasie tussen hierdie fisiese omgewingsverandering en politieke verandering in die land; - Analise van die persepsie van mense wat in die Dukuduku woudgebied woon. Die Dukuduku gronddekking is gekarteer met behulp van lugfotos, waarvoor ArcGIS 9.3 gebruik is om te bepaal of daar noemenswaardige verandering in die gebied plaasgevind het van 1960 tot 2008, in reaksie op hulpbrongebruike, en om ‘n volhoubare bestuursplan gestel voor wat op die bevindinge gebaseer is. Vyf lugfotos is gebruik om verandering in gronddekking te bepaal vir die jare: 1960, 1970, 1992, 2005 en 2008. Die Gronddekking tipes is geklassifiseer in vier klasse naamlik Inheemse Woude, Plantasiebosse, Waterliggame en Ander (oop gebiede, landerye en al die mens-versteurde en getransfomeerde gebiede). Die persentasie van elke dekkingsklas is oor die jare vergelyk om die verandering in algehele grond-dekking te bepaal, en die tempo van verandering is ook bepaal, asook die tempo van verandering. Die resultate van die studie wys dat: - Die natuurlike woud toegeneem het met 11% (700 ha), teen ‘n tempo van 20.56 hektaar per jaar tussen 1960 en 1992, tgedurende die apartheidsera. Tussen 1992 en 2008, die demokratiese era, het die woude verminder met 34.4% (2472.31 ha), teen ‘n tempo van 168 hektaar per jaar. - Die gemeenskap wat in die Dukuduku woud woon verkry hulpbronne van die woud (hout en gras vir konstruksie, kuns, brandhout, medisinale plante, weiding vir vee, en voedsel). Die mense is gewillig om by te dra tot beskerming van die woud indien die owerhede hulle sou betrek in besluite wat geneem word, veral omdat die nasionale Wet op Bosse voorsiening maak vir Deelnemende Bosbestuur, wat tans nie by Dukuduku gebeur nie.
Swift, Davron. "Balancing legislative and contractual obligations with government policy objectives and the commercial and economic sustainability of the Amathole Forestry Company (Pty.) LTD: a community benefit model designed for implementation by Amathole Forestry Company (Pty) Ltd." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3185.
Повний текст джерелаHysing, Erik. "Governing towards sustainability : environmental governance and policy change in Swedish forestry and transport." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Akademin för humaniora, utbildning och samhällsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-9030.
Повний текст джерелаTuryahabwe, Nelson. "Local capacity to manage forestry resources under a decentralised system of governance : the case of Uganda." Thesis, Stellenbosch: University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1321.
Повний текст джерелаThis study aims at examining technical and institutional capacity in local organisations to manage decentralised forest resources in Uganda. Specifically the study assessed the roles, responsibilities, powers and legal instruments, incentives, facilities and human and fiscal resources of local organisations to undertake decentralised forest governance. Semistructured and key informant interviews were conducted in local organisations and legal and policy documents reviewed to ascertain strategies for implementing decentralised forestry. An inventory of selected forests was conducted to assess effect of decentralisation policy on the condition of forests in Uganda. Chi-square tests were used to show the factors that motivate local organisations to participate in decentralised forest governance. Tree species diversity and richness, density, diameter at breast height and basal area and sings of human disturbance were used to compare the condition of forests under local government and those under private and central government ownership. Similarity between the forests was assessed using a Two Way INdicator SPecies Analysis, while the differences in the composition and structural characteristics of trees among forest ownership categories were compared by oneway analysis of variance. Multiple regression analysis was used to show the influence of household pressure, forest size, the distance of the forest from roads and forest administrative office, and the market demand of the forest produce on the capacity of forest agencies to regulate timber harvesting. The findings reveals that local organisations supported devolved forest management functions such as forest monitoring, tree planting, environmental education, networking, collaborative and integrated planning, resource mobilisation and formulation of byelaws. The role of forestry in the livelihoods of the people, the desire to control forest degradation and access to forest revenue, donor and central government fiscal support were the most important incentives in decentralised forest management. However, limited capacity in terms of qualified staff, funds, facilities and equipment and inadequate decision-making powers over fiscal resources from forestry, inequitable distribution of forest revenue and unclear forest and tree tenure hindered decentralised forest management. The diversity and richness indices, density, diameter at breast height and basal area of trees were significantly higher in central forest reserves, intermediate in private and lower in local forest reserves. The frequency of human disturbances was significantly higher in local forest reserves than in private and central forest reserves. The variation in composition and structure of the local forest reserves is partly attributed to human disturbances. The capacity of the forest agencies to regulate forest resources use in the Mpigi forests was significantly affected by the size of forest, and its location in relation to the well-maintained roads, forest administrative office and the number of households in close proximity and the market demand of the forest produce. Large forests in close proximity to densely populated areas and far a way from roads and the forest administrative office were more affected by timber harvesting. The results demonstrated that local governments are not yet efficient in monitoring and regulating forest use and maintaining the condition of forests in Uganda. Local organisations need to play an increased role in the implementation of the Forest Policy, the National Forestry and Tree Planting and the Local Government Acts for successful decentralisation of forest management and to recruit more technical staff, strengthen internal sources of revenue and develop integrated forestry work plans. There is also a need for the central government to integrate and co-ordinate local and central interests, and facilitate a working relationship with local governments, civil society and the private sector involved in forestry. Forest owners and managers in the Mpigi forests and Ugandaâ s tropical forests in general need to manage human impacts so as to balance utilisation and conservation forest resources. There is need for longterm studies to fully understand the real significance of ownership on the composition and structure of the Mpigi forests and forests in other districts of Uganda.
Masutha, Takalani (Takalani Henry). "Community forestry and rural livelihoods : a case study of the contribution of natural resources to livelihoods of rural communities in the Northern Province, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52738.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Government of South Africa is faced with a mammoth task of redressing the imbalances of the past apartheid policies in the rural areas of the country. The Government has developed policies and programmes aimed at alleviating poverty in these areas. The Government has also realised the vital role that natural resources play in the livelihoods of rural people. The vision of Community Forestry as stated in the Forestry White Paper (GOSA, 1996), is to contribute to social and economic upliftment of all people, especially those in the rural areas, by promoting the sustainable utilisation of natural resources. The study was conducted in three rural villages in the Northern Province of South Africa. The three villages were chosen because of their closeness to the Kruger National Park, their remoteness and lack of infrastructure that could provide employment to the villagers. The villages were investigated using Rapid Rural Appraisal techniques and semi structured interviews with households and key-informants. The study reports on the pattern and structure of livelihoods and institutions that govern access to and control of natural resources in the woodlands that surround the three villages. It reports on the vital contribution that natural resources generate to livelihoods of the village communities by providing goods for fuel, shelter, food and medicines which are unavailable or unaffordable elsewhere for many households. The study also reports on the decline in the dependency of the communities on natural resources and the lack of cooperation between village communities and the Kruger National Park authorities, which may lead to serious management problems in the area. Lastly, recommendations based on the study findings, that may bring about possible economic and social upliftment of the communities in the three villages are put forward.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Suid Afrikaanse Regering staan voor die reuse taak om ongelykhede wat in die verlede onder die apartheids beleid in die landelike gebiede van die land tot stand gekom het, te herstel. Die huidige Regering het 'n beleids en programstelsel ontwikkel met die doelom armoede in die gebiede te verlig. Verder het 'n besef ontwikkel van die integrale rol wat natuurlike hulpbronne in die lewensonderhoud van mense uit landelike gebiede speel. Die visie van gemeenskaps bosbou, soos uiteengesit in die Forestry White Paper (GO SA, 1996), is om deur middel van die bevordering van volhoubare gebruik van natuurlike hulpbronne, 'n bydrae te lewer tot die sosiale en ekonomiese opheffing van alle mense, maar spesifiek die in landelike gebiede. Die studie is uitgevoer in drie landelike dorpies in die Noordelike Provinsie van Suid-Afrika. Die spesifieke dorpies is gekies a.g.v. beide hulle nabyheid aan die Nasionale Kruger Wildtuin sowel as hul afsondering en tekort aan infrastruktuur, wat werksgelenthede aan die inwoners kan verskaf. Die dorpies is bestudeer m.b.v. die Rapid Rural Appraisal tegniek en semigestruktureerde onderhoude met huishoudings en sleutel-informante. Deur middel van die studie word verslag gelewer op die lewensonderhouds patroon en strukture van huishoudings, sowel as die instellings wat toegang tot en gebruik van natuurlike hulpbronne beheer in die boslande rondom die drie dorpies. Dit dui die lewensbelangrike ondersteuning wat natuurlike hulpbronne aan huishoudings in die gemeenskap verskaf aan. Die ondersteuning word gevind in die vorm van materiaal vir vuurmaakhout, skuiling, kos en medisyne wat elders onbeskikbaar of onbekostigbaar is vir baie huishoudings. Verder word verslag gelewer oor die dalende afhanklikheid van gemeenskappe van hierdie natuurlike hulpbronne en die tekort aan samewerking tussen dorpsgemeenskappe en die bestuur van die Nasional Kruger Wildtuin. Dit mag wel tot bestuursprobleme in die nabye toekoms lei. Laastens word voorstelle, gebaseer op die bevindinge soos bespreek in die studie, gemaak wat mag lei tot die moontlike sosiale en ekonomiese opheffing van die gemeenskappe in die drie dorpies.
Beland, Lindahl Karin. "Frame analysis, place perceptions and the politics of natural resource management : exploring a forest policy controversy in Sweden /." Uppsala : Dept. of Urban and Rural Development, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2008. http://epsilon.slu.se/200860.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаNtili, Tseliso Paul. "Sustainable governance management systems: a practical approach for Water Boards in South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/9185.
Повний текст джерелаКниги з теми "Forests and forestry Government policy"
Khator, Renu. Forests, the people, and the government: An analysis of the forest policy performance in India. New Delhi: National Book Organisation, 1989.
Знайти повний текст джерелаArifalo, Ebenezer Ibukun. Understanding forest policy. Yola, Nigeria: Paraclete Publishers, 2005.
Знайти повний текст джерелаV, Ellefson Paul, ed. Forest resource economics and policy research: Strategic directions for the future. Boulder, Colo: Westview Press, 1989.
Знайти повний текст джерелаCanada. Natural Resources Canada. The federal government's response to the report of the Standing Committee on Natural Resources: Canada : a model forest nation in the making. [Hull, Quebec: Natural Resources Canada], 1994.
Знайти повний текст джерелаCommission, Great Britain Forestry, and Great Britain, Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland., eds. The UK forestry standard: The government's approach to sustainable forestry. Edinburgh: Forestry Commission, 1998.
Знайти повний текст джерелаZhongguo lin quan zhi du gai ge: Kun jing yu chu lu. Wuhan: Hua zhong ke ji da xue chu ban she, 2010.
Знайти повний текст джерелаKathirithamby-Wells, J. Nature and nation: Forests and development in Peninsular Malaysia. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press, 2004.
Знайти повний текст джерелаKathirithamby-Wells, J. Nature and nation: Forests and development in peninsular Malaysia. Copenhagen: NIAS, 2003.
Знайти повний текст джерелаHarou, Patrice A. W. Essays in forestry economics: Appraisal and evaluation of forestry investments, programs, and policies. Kiel: Wissenschaftsverlag Vauk, 1987.
Знайти повний текст джерелаNational Planning Workshop on Improvement and Strengthening of Forestry Research in Malawi (1st 1991 Chancellor College). Proceedings of the First National Planning Workshop on Improvement and Strengthening of Forestry Research in Malaŵi. Zomba, Malawi: The Institute, 1991.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Forests and forestry Government policy"
Cheo, Victor N., Balgah Sounders Nguh, Adeline A. Awemo, and Wolfgang Schluchter. "A Critical Appraisal of Government Forestry Policy in View of Forest Sustainability in Cameroon." In Implementing Environmental and Resource Management, 183–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77568-3_16.
Повний текст джерелаDickie, Robert B., and Thomas A. Layman. "The Extractive Sector: Indonesian Government Efforts to Develop Oil, Mining and Forestry Industries." In Foreign Investment and Government Policy in the Third World, 74–120. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09157-7_3.
Повний текст джерелаTaki, Kentaro. "Flood Management Policy in Shiga Prefecture, Japan: Implementation Approach of a Risk-Based Flood Management System at Catchment Scale." In Ecological Research Monographs, 43–59. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6791-6_4.
Повний текст джерелаAbrams, Jesse. "Tribal Forests and Forestry." In Forest Policy and Governance in the United States, 146–67. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003043669-8.
Повний текст джерелаAbrams, Jesse. "Corporate Forests and Forestry." In Forest Policy and Governance in the United States, 187–204. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003043669-10.
Повний текст джерелаHayter, Roger, and Alex Clapp. "The Remapping of Forest Governance: From Shareholder to Stakeholder." In Knowledge for Governance, 375–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47150-7_16.
Повний текст джерелаAbrams, Jesse. "State and County Government Roles." In Forest Policy and Governance in the United States, 126–45. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003043669-7.
Повний текст джерелаSandström, Camilla, and Anna Sténs. "Dilemmas in Forest Policy Development—The Swedish Forestry Model Under Pressure." In The Future Use of Nordic Forests, 145–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14218-0_10.
Повний текст джерелаDubova, Lenka, Lenka Slavikova, João C. Azevedo, Johan Barstad, Paola Gatto, Jerzy Lesinski, Davide Pettenella, and Roar Stokken. "Review of Policy Instruments for Climate-Smart Mountain Forestry." In Climate-Smart Forestry in Mountain Regions, 477–506. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80767-2_14.
Повний текст джерелаKeskitalo, E. Carina H., Jenny Eklöf, and Christer Nordlund. "Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in Swedish Forests: Promoting Forestry, Capturing Carbon, and Fueling Transports." In Energy, Policy, and the Environment, 133–51. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0350-0_8.
Повний текст джерелаТези доповідей конференцій з теми "Forests and forestry Government policy"
Wahyuni, Tien. "Strengthening Role and Policy of Local Government in Accelerating Development of Social Forestry in East Kalimantan." In Joint Symposium on Tropical Studies (JSTS-19). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210408.063.
Повний текст джерелаOGRYZEK, Marek, and Krzysztof RZĄSA. "THE SOCIAL ASPECTS OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.153.
Повний текст джерелаFang-miao, Hou, Song Wei-ming, Li Ran, and Tang Shuai. "Notice of Retraction: China's forest products foreign trade policy: Overview and analysis." In 2011 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icebeg.2011.5882104.
Повний текст джерелаGinting, Simson, and Februati Trimurni. "Forestry Policy Evaluation in Preserving and Maintaining the Existence of Forests Post Eruption of Mount Sinabung in Karo District, North Sumatera Province." In Second International Conference on Public Policy, Social Computing and Development (ICOPOSDEV 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220204.034.
Повний текст джерелаFang-miao, Hou, Fu Yi-zhong, Tommy Lundgren, and Runar Brannlund. "Notice of Retraction: Implications of European low-carbon energy policy changes for the Swedish and Global forest products sectors: An analysis based on GFPM." In 2011 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icebeg.2011.5881957.
Повний текст джерелаBergsagel, Dan, and Timothy D. Lynch. "Harvesting New York City - Old-Growth Urban Forestry." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.0831.
Повний текст джерелаIvanova, Anna, and A. Tretyakov. "PROBLEMS OF SPATIAL-TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF INNOVATIONS WITH A DELAYED EFFECT IN THE FOREST COMPLEX." In Modern machines, equipment and IT solutions for industrial complex: theory and practice. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/mmeitsic2021_412-420.
Повний текст джерелаAquino, Eduardo. "Copacabana Non-Public: Toward a New Public Attitude." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.52.
Повний текст джерелаЗвіти організацій з теми "Forests and forestry Government policy"
Solaun, Kepa, Chiquita Resomardono, Katharina Hess, Helena Antich, Gerard Alleng, and Adrián Flores. State of the Climate Report: Suriname: Summary for Policy Makers. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003415.
Повний текст джерелаLindstad, Berit Hauger. A comparative study of forestry in Finland, Norway, Sweden, and the United States, with special emphasis on policy measures for nonindustrial private forests in Norway and the United States. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-gtr-538.
Повний текст джерелаAlexander, Serena E., Ahoura Zandiatashbar, and Branka Tatarevic. Fragmented or Aligned Climate Action: Assessing Linkages Between Regional and Local Planning Efforts to Meet Transportation Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Targets. Mineta Transportation Institute, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2146.
Повний текст джерелаAzevedo, Tasso, Sally Collins, Antonio Carlos Hummel, Luiz Carlos Joels, Keshav Kanel, Doug Konkin, Boen Purnama, and Juan Manuel Torres-Rojo. 10 Years of Megaflorestais: A Public Forest Agency Leaders' Retrospective. Rights and Resources Initiative, April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.53892/ciwc5229.
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