Готові списки джерел за темами / Forest litter Biodegradation

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Forest litter Biodegradation"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 31 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Forest litter Biodegradation"

Thieme, Lisa, Daniel Graeber, Diana Hofmann, Sebastian Bischoff, Martin T. Schwarz, Bernhard Steffen, Ulf-Niklas Meyer, et al. "Dissolved organic matter characteristics of deciduous and coniferous forests with variable management: different at the source, aligned in the soil." Biogeosciences 16, no. 7 (April 5, 2019): 1411–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1411-2019.

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Abstract. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is part of the biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nutrients, carries pollutants and drives soil formation. The DOM concentration and properties along the water flow path through forest ecosystems depend on its sampling location and transformation processes. To improve our understanding of the effects of forest management, especially tree species selection and management intensity, on DOM concentrations and properties of samples from different ecosystem fluxes, we studied throughfall, stemflow, litter leachate and mineral soil solution at 26 forest sites in the three regions of the German Biodiversity Exploratories. We covered forest stands with three management categories (coniferous, deciduous age class and unmanaged beech forests). In water samples from these forests, we monitored DOC concentrations over 4 years and characterized the quality of DOM with UV-vis absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy combined with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS). Additionally, we performed incubation-based biodegradation assays. Multivariate statistics revealed strong significant effects of ecosystem fluxes and smaller effects of main tree species on DOM quality. Coniferous forests differed from deciduous forests by showing larger DOC concentrations, more lignin- and protein-like molecules, and fewer tannin-like molecules in throughfall, stemflow, and litter leachate. Cluster analysis of FT-ICR-MS data indicated that DOM compositions, which varied in aboveground samples depending on tree species, become aligned in mineral soil. This alignment of DOM composition along the water flow path in mineral soil is likely caused by microbial production and consumption of DOM in combination with its interaction with the solid phase, producing a characteristic pattern of organic compounds in forest mineral soils. We found similarly pronounced effects of ecosystem fluxes on the biodegradability of DOM, but surprisingly no differences between deciduous and coniferous forests. Forest management intensity, mainly determined by biomass extraction, contribution of species, which are not site-adapted, and deadwood mass, did not influence DOC concentrations, DOM composition and properties significantly.

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Fernandez, I., and A. Cabaneiro. "Stable isotope ratio (<sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C) mass spectrometry to evaluate carbon sources and sinks: changes and trends during the decomposition of vegetal debris from eucalyptus clone plantations (NW Spain)." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 2 (February 20, 2014): 2823–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-2823-2014.

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Abstract. Vegetal debris is known to participate in key soil processes such as the formation of soil organic matter (OM), also being a potential source of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. However, its contribution to the isotopic composition of both the soil OM and the atmospheric carbon dioxide is not clear yet. Hence, the main objective of the present research is to understand the isotopic 13C changes and trends that take place during the successive biodegradative stages of decomposing soil organic inputs. By incubating bulk plant tissues for several months under laboratory controlled conditions, the kinetics of the CO2 releases and shifts in the 13C natural abundance of the solid residues were investigated using litter samples coming from forest plantations with a different clone (Anselmo: 1st clonal generation attained by morphological selection and Odiel: 2nd clonal generation genetically obtained) of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. developed over granitic or schistic bedrocks and located in northwestern Spain. Significant isotopic variations with time were observed, probably due to the isotopically heterogeneous composition of these complex substrates in conjunction with the initial selective consumption of more easily degradable 13C-differentiated compounds during the first stages of the biodegradation, while less available or recalcitrant litter components were decomposed at later stages of biodegradation, generating products that have their own specific isotopic signatures. These results, which significantly differ depending on the type of clone, suggest that caution must be exercised when interpreting carbon isotope studies (at natural abundance levels) since perturbations associated with the quality or chemical composition of the organic debris from different terrestrial ecosystems can have an important effect on the carbon stable isotope dynamics.

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Cai, Dan, Xiuhong Yang, Shizhong Wang, Yuanqing Chao, J. L. Morel, and Rongliang Qiu. "Effects of dissolved organic matter derived from forest leaf litter on biodegradation of phenanthrene in aqueous phase." Journal of Hazardous Materials 324 (February 2017): 516–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.11.020.

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Singh, Raj, and Sushil Kumar Upadhyay. "A Study on the Plant Litter Decomposition Using Mycoflora for Sustainable Environment." Plantae Scientia 2, no. 1 (May 15, 2019): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32439/ps.v2i1.11-14.

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Most of the agricultural, forest and field crop litters are consisting lignocelluloses, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Among these cellulose is most predominant constituent followed by hemicellulose and lignin. The lignin together with the hemicellulose, encrust the cellulose chains forming a barrier which prevents wetting and access of cellulose-degrading enzymes therefore, the decomposition of litters can be achieved by breaking this association at first. The biodegradation of lignin of field crop litters representing a key step for carbon recycling in land ecosystem, as well as for industrial utilization of plant biomass, humification of dead organic matter by the application of certain bacterial and fungal species. The present study revealed the process of decomposition of plant litters. The fungal species colonized different types of plant litters on the basis of enzymatic activities and resource specificity. The mixtures of microorganisms could degrade lignocellulosic materials of wheat stubbles more efficiently than any individual species; Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, Fuserium equiseti, Trichoderma lignorum and Stachybotrys atra. A mixture of fungi and Streptomyces caused 48.0% decomposition while decomposition by an individual species viz. Aspergillus flavus was 36.90% only. It was found that, fungi have better abilities to decompose wheat straw than bacteria and actinomycetes. The mineralisation of plant residues could accelerate the rate of decomposition.

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Wu, PP, YD Ding, SL Li, XX Sun, Y. Zhang, and R. Mao. "Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry controls interspecific patterns of leaf litter-derived dissolved organic matter biodegradation in subtropical plantations of China." iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry 14, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3832/ifor3609-013.

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PRAVEENA, K. K., T. R. SOBHA, and A. ARUN. "Study on the feeding preference and feeding habits of the oribatid mite Papillacarus elongatus Xavier (Acari: Oribatida: Lohmannidae) using microfungal and leaf litter diets." Zoosymposia 22 (November 30, 2022): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.22.1.116.

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Oribatid mites are essential to the decomposition of plant tissues in temperate forests by assisting the conversion of primary productivity to soil organic matter and thereby nutrient release. The feeding habits and preference of one of the important soil oribatid mite, Papillacarus elongatus, were observed under the laboratory conditions (RH 80±2% and Temperature 27±2 °C) by providing different microfungi (Pseudo pestalotiopsis, Ectophoma multirostrata, Curvularia verruculosa, Corynespora cassiicola, Lasiodipladia theobromae, Trichodema harzianum) and semi degraded leaves (Hevea brasiliensis, Theobrama cacao, Myristica fragrans, Artocarpus hirsutus, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Mangifera indica) as food items. Among these food items, the mite fed less on microfungi Pseudo pestalotiopsis and Ectophoma multirostrata but actively fed on Curvularia verruculosa, Corynespora cassiicola, Lasiodipladia theobromae and Trichodema harzianum. They completely rejected semi-degraded leaves of Hevea brasiliensis, Theobrama cacao and Myristica fragrans but actively fed on Artocarpus hirsutus, Artocarpus heterophyllus, and Mangifera indica. The rate of feeding and their ability to select favoured food items could be analyzed statistically by conducting an ANOVA test, which revealed that the F value was significant at p<0.05 level. The results of this study indicate that the P. elongatus can exhibit both microphytophagous and panphytophagous feeding behaviour, as they could feed both lower plant elements like fungal hyphae and higher plant parts like leaves. Defecated faecal pellets of the reared oribatid mites were also observed on individual food items in culture vessels and counted after 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120h. The results confirmed the preferred food items in the present experiment. The enzyme assays showed that the possession of cellulose-splitting enzymes like cellulase, trihalase and chitinase suggests their ability to degrade polysaccharides. These alternative feeding guilds in this species and their possible interactions with the fungal community were related to organic matter decomposition which may help them indirectly affect the microbial activity and be directly involved in the biodegradation of leaf litter in the soil ecosystem.

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Nagadesi, Praveen Kumar, and Venkatesh Rampilla. "New records of wood inhabiting fungal species from Kondapalli reserved forest of Central Eastern Ghats, India." Plant Science Today 8, no. 3 (July 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.14719/pst.2021.8.3.1150.

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Wood inhabiting fungi that grow specifically on leaf litter, wood debris, humus rich soil of forest helps in biodegradation and increase soil fertility. The fruiting bodies of fungi were collected from partially dead forest trees, fallen wooden logs, leaf litter and decomposing humus rich soil of Kondapalli forest area, Central Eastern Ghats of India. Detailed macroscopic and microscopic study of collected fungal samples revealed the occurrence of wood inhabiting fungi belonging to 7 genera and 9 species; i.e. Geastrum triplex Jungh., Marasmius siccus (Schweinitz) Fries, M. fulvoferrugineus Gilliam, M. oreades (Bolt.: Fries) Fries Epicr. Lactarius piperatus (L.) Pers., Flammulina velutipes (Curtis) Singer, Artomyces microsporus (Qiu X. Wu & R. H. Petersen) Lickey, Hymenochaetopsis rigidula (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) S. H. He & Jiao Yang and Bjerkandera adusta (Willd: Fr.) Karst. For the first time, A. microsporus (Qiu X. Wu & R. H. Petersen) Lickey and H. rigidula (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) S. H. He & Jiao Yang., were reported from India. M. fulvoferrugineus Gilliam was reported second time from India. The wood inhabiting fungi were new records to Kondapalli forest area, Central Eastern Ghats of India.

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Geethanjali, P. A., H. G. Gowtham, and M. Jayashankar. "Biodegradation potential of indigenous litter dwelling ligninolytic fungi on agricultural wastes." Bulletin of the National Research Centre 44, no. 1 (October 2, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42269-020-00426-5.

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Abstract Background The present study was focused to study the efficiency of two indigenous litter dwelling ligninolytic fungi (such as Mucor circinelloides GL1 and Fusarium verticillioides GL5) in degrading the agricultural wastes (areca husk, coffee husk and paddy straw) through solid-state fermentation. Results After fermentation process, the lignocellulosic residues left over were evaluated for their physico-chemical studies and degradation pattern of cell wall constituents along with the activity of enzymes. In each substrate, the initial pH was found to change from near-neutral to acidic pH after fungal decomposition. Significantly increased loss of total organic matter and organic carbon content was observed in each substrate decomposed by the fungal strains selected. The total nitrogen, crude protein, total phosphorus and total potassium contents of the fungal decomposed substrates were significantly increased with the progress of time. The study indicated that the degradation patterns of lignin and holocellulose were more effective from 20 to 120 days after fungal inoculation with respect to their loss between the different harvesting intervals. During decomposition process, both the strains produced the ligninolytic enzymes [laccase, manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP)] and carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) on each substrate with their remarkably varied activities with respect to different harvesting times. Conclusions In concern with the present environmental problems, the present study suggested that these potential ligninolytic fungi can be utilized successfully for the management of agricultural wastes and reuse of their residues in the forest soil conservation system to eliminate the harmful effects of the crop residue burning.

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Berger, Tanja, Caroline Poyntner, and Rosa Margesin. "Culturable bacteria from an Alpine coniferous forest site: biodegradation potential of organic polymers and pollutants." Folia Microbiologica, September 25, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12223-020-00825-1.

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Abstract The potential of the culturable bacterial community from an Alpine coniferous forest site for the degradation of organic polymers and pollutants at low (5 °C) and moderate (20 °C) temperatures was evaluated. The majority of the 68 strains belonged to the phylum Proteobacteria (77%). Other strains were related to Bacteroidetes (12%), Alphaproteobacteria (4%), Actinobacteria (3%), and Firmicutes (3%). The strains were grouped into 42 different OTUs. The highest bacterial diversity was found within the phylum Bacteroidetes. All strains, except one, could grow at temperatures from 5 to 25 °C. The production of enzyme activities involved in the degradation of organic polymers present in plant litter (carboxymethyl cellulose, microgranular cellulose, xylan, polygalacturonic acid) was almost comparable at 5 °C (68%) and 20 °C (63%). Utilizers of lignin compounds (lignosulfonic acid, lignin alkali) as sole carbon source were found to a higher extent at 20 °C (57%) than at 5 °C (24%), but the relative fractions among positively tested strains utilizing these compounds were almost identical at the two temperatures. Similar results were noted for utilizers of organic pollutants (n-hexadecane, diesel oil, phenol, glyphosate) as sole carbon source. More than two-thirds showed constitutively expressed catechol-1,2-dioxygenase activity both at 5 °C (74%) and 20 °C (66%). Complete phenol (2.5 mmol/L) degradation by strain Paraburkholderia aromaticivorans AR20-38 was demonstrated at 0–30 °C, amounts up to 7.5 mmol/L phenol were fully degraded at 10–30 °C. These results are useful to better understand the effect of changing temperatures on microorganisms involved in litter degradation and nutrient turnover in Alpine forest soils.

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Ding, Yi-Dong, Xin-Yi Xie, Jing-Hao Ji, Qian-Qian Li, Jia-Wen Xu, and Rong Mao. "Tree mycorrhizal effect on litter-leached DOC amounts and biodegradation is highly dependent on leaf habits in subtropical forests of southern China." Journal of Soils and Sediments, July 30, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11368-021-03032-8.

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Дисертації з теми "Forest litter Biodegradation"

梁慶祥 and Hing-cheung Leung. "Aspects of leaf litter decomposition in Kandelia candel (L.) Druce." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31207728.

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Turgeon, Julie. "Production and Biodegradation of Dissolved Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorous from Canadian Forest Floors." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=105310.

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Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is operationally defined as soluble/colloidal material passing through a 0.45~m filter paper. The importance of DOM in soils relies on its role in soil formation and weathering processes, plant and microbial assimilation and soil and water acidification. However, the scientific community studying DOM still disagrees on whether fresh or humified material is the major source of DOM within the forest floor.[...]
La matière organique dissoute (DOM) est composée de particules dissoutes et colloïdales passant au travers un filtre de 0.45 Ilm. L'importance de DOM dans les sols est liée à son rôle dans la pédogenèse, les processus d'altération des minéraux, l'assimilation par les plantes et microbes, ainsi que l'acidification des plans d'eau et des sols.[...]

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Turgeon, Julie. "Production and biodegradation of dissolved carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from Canadian forest floors." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115710.

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Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is operationally defined as soluble/colloidal material passing through a 0.45mum filter paper. The importance of DOM in soils relies on its role in soil formation and weathering processes, plant and microbial assimilation and soil and water acidification. However, the scientific community studying DOM still disagrees on whether fresh or humified material is the major source of DOM within the forest floor. One of the factors that could influence the overall importance of DOM production by organic horizons is its potential for biodegradability. In addition, the interaction occurring between the nutrients (i.e. nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)) and carbon (C) substrate is believed to be of major importance.
To acquire more knowledge on the production and biodegradation of dissolved C, N and P during decomposition of organic matter (OM), I performed laboratory incubations to evaluate rates of production and transformation, the influence of the degree of OM decomposition and stand type on these rates, and the stoichiometric relationships of the different quotients during the incubations. First, I performed a 30-day incubation of coniferous and deciduous OM from 10 Canadian forest floors representing various degrees of OM decomposition and subsequently measured the amount of: dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), nitrate (NO3-N), ammonium (NH4-N), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), total dissolved phosphorus (TOP) and carbon dioxide (CO2-C). I performed water extractions with the same set of samples to evaluate the biodegradability of DOC and DON and the transformations of TDN, NO3-N and NH4-N.
Fresh material produces more DOM than humified material; material in the midpoint of decomposition (F horizon) produced the largest amount of DIN. Coniferous and deciduous samples did not display different rates of DOM production, most likely because of the overshadowing effect of OM degree of decomposition. I found strong links between the organic matter and dissolved phase C and N content and C:N quotient. The biodegradation, measured as DOC disappearance and mineralization of CO2-C, showed a discrepancy, reflecting the importance of increasing microbial biomass at the beginning of the incubation in response to priming effect. The sharp decrease of TDN and DON observed in the first few days of the incubation, in addition to increasing amount of dissolved inorganic N as waste products during decomposition of DON, supports this hypothesis. A better understanding of the dynamics of dissolved C, N and P in soil is essential to further understand their role in global elemental cycles, including climate change, forest management and pollution.

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Lukumbuzya, T. K. (Tadde Kahana). "Effects of base cation fertilization on litter decomposition in a sugar maple forest." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68207.

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Sugar maple foliage litters from fertilized and unfertilized plots on a base-poor site and from a naturally base-rich site were incubated in litterbags of 1 and 3 mm mesh on fertilized and unfertilized plots at the base-poor site. Mass loss of unfertilized litter was slower in fertilized than unfertilized plots, suggesting a negative effect of fertilization on decomposers. Mass loss of fertilized litter was faster than unfertilized litter in the same plots, indicating that changes in litter quality due to fertilization enhanced microbial decomposition. Mass loss was higher in large mesh than in small mesh size bags, suggesting that larger soil fauna played a significant role in litter decomposition.
Potassium appeared to be rapidly leached, whereas Ca and Mg were released at rates more closely related to litter mass loss. Nitrogen was mineralized from N-rich Arboretum litter only; all other litters immobilized N. Release of Ca and Mg was reduced significantly on fertilized plots. Large soil fauna enhanced Ca release, while they delayed N-mineralization in Arboretum litter.

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Skene, Trudi Marie. "The influence of inorganic matrices on the decomposition of organic materials." Title page, contents and summary only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs6271.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 134-148. The objectives of this study are to determine if and how inorganic matrices influence organic matter decomposition with particular emphasis on the biochemical changes which occur as decomposition progresses. The influence of inorganic matrices (sand, sand + kaolin and loamy sand) on the decomposition of straw and Eucalyptus litter during incubations was followed by various chemical and spectroscopic methods to aid in the understanding of the mechanism of physical protection of organic matter in soils.

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Lund-Beck, Christine. "Degradation of lignin in forest leaf litter - with special reference to the isolation and properties of a strain of Penicillium thomii." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329164.

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Au, Wai-ting, and 歐慧婷. "Decomposition of Bauhinia purpurea L. leaves in two Hong Kong streams and the associated fungal flora." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31209087.

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Bergfur, Jenny. "Ecological integrity of boreal streams : assessing impacts on community structure and function /." Uppsala : Dept. of Environmental Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200750.pdf.

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Gnankambary, Zacharia. "Compost and fertilizer mineralization effects on soil and harvest in parkland agroforestry systems in the south-Sudanese zone of Burkina Faso /." Umeå : Dept. of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/2007129.pdf.

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Skene, Trudi Marie. "The influence of inorganic matrices on the decomposition of organic materials." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19004.

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Bibliography: leaves 134-148.
xi, 148 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.
The objectives of this study are to determine if and how inorganic matrices influence organic matter decomposition with particular emphasis on the biochemical changes which occur as decomposition progresses. The influence of inorganic matrices (sand, sand + kaolin and loamy sand) on the decomposition of straw and Eucalyptus litter during incubations was followed by various chemical and spectroscopic methods to aid in the understanding of the mechanism of physical protection of organic matter in soils.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Soil Science, 1997

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Книги з теми "Forest litter Biodegradation"

V, Reddy M., ed. Soil organisms and litter decomposition in the tropics. Boulder: Westview Press, 1995.

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Irmler, Ulrich. Die Stellung der Bodenfauna im Stoffhaushalt schleswig-holsteinischer Wälder. Neumünster: K. Wachholtz, 1995.

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Berg, Bjørg. The influence of stand density and litter quality on litter decomposition rates in manipulated Scots pine forests: The effect of fertilization and irrigation. Uppsala: Institutionen för ekologi och miljövård, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 1991.

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Gruselle, Marie-Cécile. Litter decomposition in mixed spruce-beech stands. Freiburg (Breisgau): Waldbau-Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 2010.

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Keane, Robert E. Surface fuel litterfall and decomposition in the northern Rocky Mountains, U.S.A. [Fort Collins, CO]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2008.

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Berg, Björn, and Carl Olof Tamm. Decomposition and nutrient dynamics of Norway spruce needle litter in a long-term optimum nutrition experiment. Uppsala: Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Institutionen för ekologi och miljövård, 1991.

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Little, Susan N. Predicting duff consumption from prescribed burns on conifer clearcuts in western Oregon and western Washington. Portland, Or: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest Research Station, 1986.

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Chuying, Chen, ed. Sen lin can luo wu sheng tai xue. Beijing: Ke xue chu ban she, 2010.

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E, Smith James. A model of forest floor carbon mass for United States forest types. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, 2002.

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Sundaram, K. M. S. Persistence and degradation of diflubenzuron in conifer foliage, forest litter and soil, following simulated aerial application. Sault Ste. Marie, Ont: Forest Pest Management Institute, 1986.

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Більше джерел

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Forest litter Biodegradation"

Jacobs, A., and W. Everett. "A Fully Operational Pilot Plant for Eliminating Radioactive Oils Mixed With Chlorinated Solvents." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59044.

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Disposal of organic liquid waste has become an increasing issue for many nuclear sites. Existing disposal solutions such as incineration or super critical water techniques are not compatible with wastes containing chlorinated solvents or fluorine owing to corrosion problems. As an example several hundred cubic meters of lubricating oils mixed with trichloroethylene (TCE) or perchloroethylene (PCE) are stockpiled on several French nuclear sites. For several years Dewdrops has been developing an original combination of mineralization processes for waste oils and solvents particularly well suited to the nuclear field. The patented technology relies on the alternation of chemical and biological oxidation mechanisms. The oxidized organic material predominately forms carbon dioxide, water and inorganic salts. This paper details the procedure and the results obtained for a particular case at the Tricastin nuclear site of Areva NC (South France). The organic waste used in this study was a 85/15 v/v ratio mix of lubricating oil and TCE. The pilot plant build upon the technology has a daily treatment capacity of approximately 10 liters. In the first step the TCE is mineralized by the photo Fenton reaction. Using hydrogen peroxide with an ultraviolet regenerated iron catalyst, TCE is transformed to carbon dioxide, water and hydrochloric acid. After neutralizing with caustic soda, the next step is a multi-stage biodegradation process to eliminate the remaining lubricating oil. Carefully selected microorganisms use the organic waste as an energy source for their metabolism. During oil biodegradation over 75% of the carbon is released as carbon dioxide while the remaining is incorporated into the biomass. The aqueous phase is continuously separated from the biomass using cross flow filters. The output aqueous phase is treated with ozone and ultraviolet light to eliminate the remaining organic compounds. The final effluent obtained is in conformance with European water standards and can be disposed by normal means. It can also be adjusted to local requirements. The radioactive elements and heavy metals present in these lubricating oils are trapped by the biomass. The excess of biomass is recovered by centrifugation and mineralized by catalytic ozonation technology. The result of the tests was a radioactive waste reduction factor of 15. The mineral residue is a concentrate of inorganic salts with traces of radioactive elements as well as heavy metals. The radioactive elements thus recovered can be consigned to an official repository.

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