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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Focus group on line"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Focus group on line"

Gaiser, Ted J. "Conducting On-Line Focus Groups." Social Science Computer Review 15, no. 2 (July 1997): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089443939701500202.

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Cordell, Ashlee, Christa Wilk, Silvia Orsulic-Jeras, Sara Powers, Farida Ejaz, and Lisbeth Sanders. "The Focus Group Must Go On: Lessons Learned from Conducting Virtual Focus Groups." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 837–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3067.

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Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic has presented a multitude of challenges in conducting research with human subjects. In response, researchers have found creative ways to complete these studies using alternative methods that incorporate social distancing. Fortunately, numerous technologies exist today that allow individuals to connect with one another over short and long distances. The current study describes the development of LifeBio Memory: an app-based product that utilizes artificial intelligence and machine learning to improve an existing life story intervention designed for persons living with dementia (PWD). Seven focus groups (n=35), originally planned in-person, were successfully converted to a virtual setting. Groups were hosted using a Zoom platform, lasted 75-90 minutes (Mean = 85; SD = 5.3), and consisted of participants from 14 different states: One group of community-dwelling PWDs with early-stage dementia (n=5); two groups of current and former users of the original LifeBio program (n=12); and four groups of residential care staff and directors (n=18). Virtual focus group delivery was determined to be an acceptable and feasible alternative to traditional in-person formats. Topics discussed in this poster will include: 1) recruitment procedures, 2) screening protocols, 3) methods for sharing materials, 4) guidance for providing technology support, and 5) communication strategies to increase retention. Further discussion will focus on challenges faced when collecting data in a virtual setting, tips for successful facilitation, advantages to using virtual alternatives, and other lessons learned from the virtual field.

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Schröeder, Christine da Silva, and Luis Roque Klerin. "On-line focus group: uma possibilidade para a pesquisa qualitativa em administração." Cadernos EBAPE.BR 7, no. 2 (June 2009): 332–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-39512009000200010.

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A utilização de grupos focais (focus groups) como técnica de pesquisa representa uma alternativa interessante para o desenvolvimento de estudos qualitativos. Normalmente, os focus groups envolvem de seis a 10 pessoas que se reúnem para discutir tópicos específicos acerca de alguma temática, observando-se que a interação entre os membros do grupo também é tida como dado da pesquisa. Além disso, ao se considerar a influência das tecnologias de informação, em especial da Internet, a técnica pode ser aplicada virtualmente - através de on-line focus groups (OFGs) -, com auxílio de ferramentas como e-mail, chats e listas de discussão. Uma vez que, através de uma análise da produção acadêmica nacional em administração, constata-se que o emprego da técnica de focus group parece ser ainda incipiente - em especial, na modalidade on-line -, este artigo objetiva, a partir da revisão da literatura afim, caracterizar os OFGs e descrever sua forma de condução, bem como elencar as possíveis vantagens e desvantagens decorrentes de seu emprego, sugerindo sua utilização em pesquisas qualitativas em administração.

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Vala, Jaroslav. "The Interpretation of an Old Japanese Five-line Poem with a Focus Group Method." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 116 (February 2014): 3816–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.847.

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Neaverson, Aimee, and Abbie Lake. "Barriers experienced with multi-agency responses to county line gangs: a focus group study." Journal of Children's Services 18, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcs-03-2022-0012.

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Анотація:

Purpose This study aims to create a platform for frontline practitioners to share experiences, express opinions and forge new ideas for effective multi-agency work when responding to child exploitation by county line gangs (CLGs). Design/methodology/approach CLGs are grooming children as young as age 7. The need for effective multi-agency responses to grooming by CLGs is a key priority for prevention. Using findings from focus groups held with 13 youth practitioners, school staff and charities, this article highlights the barriers that multi-agency frontline practitioners face when they are tasked with responding to instances of child criminal exploitation by CLGs. Findings Discussions within the focus groups indicate there are many common barriers and driving factors with regards to young people being successfully groomed by a CLG. More specifically, findings from this research identified school exclusions and a lack of prosocial sense of belonging to be a driving factor that exacerbated the risk of being successfully groomed by a CLG. Lack of a significant adult relationship was also found to be a barrier to successful multi-agency intervention, which was attributed to the lack of funding and resources required for adequate staffing needed to build meaningful relationships. Originality/value This study offered the unique opportunity for practitioners from various different sectors and jurisdictions to share their experiences of not only working with young people involved in CLGs, but also their challenges when using a multi-agency approach. These discussions are particularly important in the case of CLGs due to the cross-jurisdiction nature of the gangs’ activities. This research has identified issues with multi-agency responses to CLGs and offers recommendations for improvement. Identifying and understanding the barriers that practitioners face when responding to CLGs can allow for the development and implementation of various measures, which will aid the safeguarding of vulnerable victims of exploitation by CLGs.

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Villa, Gianluca, Rosa Giua, Timothy Amass, Lorenzo Tofani, Cosimo Chelazzi, Fulvio Pinelli, A. Raffaele De Gaudio, and Stefano Romagnoli. "In-line filtration reduced phlebitis associated with peripheral venous cannulation: Focus on cost-effectiveness and patients’ perspectives." Journal of Vascular Access 21, no. 2 (July 26, 2019): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1129729819861187.

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Background: In a previous trial, in-line filtration significantly prevented postoperative phlebitis associated with short peripheral venous cannulation. This study aims to describe the cost-effectiveness of in-line filtration in reducing phlebitis and examine patients’ perception of in-hospital vascular access management with and without in-line filtration. Methods: We analysed costs associated with in-line filtration: these data were prospectively recorded during the previous trial. Furthermore, we performed a follow-up for all the 268 patients enrolled in this trial. Among these, 213 patients responded and completed 6 months after hospital discharge questionnaires evaluating the perception of and satisfaction with the management of their vascular access. Results: In-line filtration group required 95.60€ more than the no-filtration group (a mean of € 0.71/patient). In terms of satisfaction with the perioperative management of their short peripheral venous cannulation, 110 (82%) and 103 (76.9%) patients, respectively, for in-line filtration and control group, completed this survey. Within in-line filtration group, 97.3% of patients were satisfied/strongly satisfied; if compared with previous experiences on short peripheral venous cannulation, 11% of them recognised in-line filtration as a relevant causative factor in determining their satisfaction. Among patients within the control group, 93.2% were satisfied/strongly satisfied, although up to 30% of them had experienced postoperative phlebitis. At the qualitative interview, they recognised no difference than previous experiences on short peripheral venous cannulation, and mentioned postoperative phlebitis as a common event that ‘normally occurs’ during a hospital stay. Conclusion: In-line filtration is cost-effective in preventing postoperative phlebitis, and it seems to contribute to increasing patient satisfaction and reducing short peripheral venous cannulation–related discomfort

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Montoya‐Weiss, Mitzi M., Anne P. Massey, and Danial L. Clapper. "On‐line focus groups: conceptual issues and a research tool." European Journal of Marketing 32, no. 7/8 (August 1998): 713–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090569810224100.

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Eaton, Andrew D., Jenny Hui, Marvelous Muchenje, Kate Murzin, Soo Chan Carusone, Francisco Ibáñez-Carrasco, Nuelle Novik, John W. McCullagh, Susanne Nicolay, and Sharon L. Walmsley. "Adapting Cognitive Remediation Group Therapy as an Online or Hybrid Intervention for People Aging With HIV and Cognitive Concerns: Focus Group Protocol." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 21 (January 2022): 160940692211390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069221139014.

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Cognitive impairment is a significant health issue for people aging with HIV/AIDS. Cognitive challenges can include forgetfulness, trouble concentrating, and increasing struggles to learn new skills, all of which contribute to poorer mental health and decreased quality of life. Although there is no specific drug therapy that can reverse the brain impairment, group therapies may help people aging with HIV and cognitive challenges to better cope with their symptoms when combined with their usual medical treatment and follow-up. This community-based study will involve peer-led focus groups to discuss cognitive remediation group therapy – a combination of mindfulness-based stress reduction and brain training activities tested in a pilot randomized, controlled trial – as an in-person intervention for people aging with HIV in 2019. Via a brief demographic survey and technology-mediated focus groups ( n = 40) in Ontario and Saskatchewan, we will determine how the intervention could be adapted in an online or hybrid format considering the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Content analysis will be employed whereby a team of independent coders will code the focus group transcripts in line with the co-design framework and “Double Diamond” model of developing interventions, including intervention structure, content, and mode of delivery. Given the aging of the HIV population in Canada, increasing support will be required in addition to medical care to improve quality of life, and proactively address concerns about cognition. This protocol provides a roadmap for adapting in-person psychosocial interventions using community-based and technology-mediated methods.

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Gregersen, A. G., M. T. Hansen, S. E. A. Brynhildsen, V. A. Grøndahl, and A. C. Leonardsen. "Students’ Perspectives on Learning Practical Nursing Skills: A Focus Group Study in Norway." Nursing Research and Practice 2021 (April 9, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8870394.

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Practical nursing skills are complex and involve technical, theoretical, and practical aspects, caring perspectives adjusted to both patient and circumstances, as well as ethical and moral considerations. Patients’ length of stay in hospitals is decreasing, and more advanced patient treatment is conducted in primary healthcare settings. Hence, education and nursing skills need adjustment in line with the rapidly evolving field of practice. Studies emphasize a need to uncover whether the technical aspect of nursing skills, in general, is challenging in students’ learning. The aim of this study was to explore students’ perspectives on practical nursing skills and how they can best learn these. Three focus group interviews were conducted with registered nurse students and intellectual disability nurse students in their last semester (n = 11). Conventional, inductive content analysis in line with recommendations from Hsieh and Shannon was used to analyze the data. Two main categories with subcategories were identified: (1) the content of practical skills, with subcategories (a) human-to-human relations, (b) organizational competence, and (c) technical mastering and (2) building competence, with subcategories (a) need for supervision, (b) planning the learning situations, and (c) relevance for practice. Students experienced that practical skills did not only include technical aspects but also the ability to establish a relationship to the patient and to organize their working day. Supervising was assumed as essential both when training in the simulation center and in clinical placement, as well as planning of the training, respectively. Students experienced that some skills learned in the university college were less relevant in clinical practice and that certain skills were difficult to perform in practice due to the type of clinical placement. Hence, there is a need to review the approach to and content of practical nursing skills’ learning in healthcare undergraduate programs, to prepare students for clinical practice, and to ensure that they build the competence needed in healthcare services.

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Schuyler, Kathryn Goldman, and Linda Branagan. "The Power Line: A Model for Generating a Systemic Focus on Organizational Health." Journal of Applied Sociology os-20, no. 2 (September 2003): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19367244032000205.

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The Power Line model identifies a series of critical leverage points to which leaders must attend, including an overarching vision, teams that implement effectively, and individuals willing to bring their energy to the organization. By emphasizing the need to work on purpose, action, and energy at the systemwide, group, and individual levels, we can develop leaders able to take integrated actions that will engender and sustain deep levels of change.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Focus group on line"

Hawkins, Sian Anna. "Pre-registration nurses' reflections on learning end-of-life-care : a focus group study." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/preregistration-nurses-reflections-on-learning-endoflifecarea-focus-group-study(f7e21fbb-e5d5-432a-8da6-ee1a50b734f1).html.

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The End-of-Life Care Strategy (DH 2008), Quality Standards for End-of-Life Care for Adults (NICE 2013) and One Chance to Get it Right (LACDP 2014), expect nurses to provide compassionate care with sensitive communication to the dying and their relatives. However, More Care Less Pathway reported examples of less than optimum care and communication (DH 2013). There has been a call for basic knowledge of end-of-life care to be in pre-registration nurses’ programmes, but there are currently no curricula guidelines (DH 2008, 2013). Therefore, this study aimed to explore undergraduate pre-registration nurses’ perceptions of how learning end-of-life-care could be enhanced in the Higher Education Institute (HEI) and Clinical Learning Environments (CLE). A review into the effect of pre-registration nurses’ education on end-of-life-care revealed eleven quasi-experimental studies. These suggest that following education programmes, knowledge and attitude towards end-of-life-care appeared to improve. However, only one study occurred in England. A meta-ethnography into pre-registration nurses’ experiences of providing end-of-life-care revealed its emotional impact, including grief, anxiety and fear. This was influenced by ward culture, type of death, performing last offices, difficult communication with patients and relatives and support from friends and nurses. However, these studies did not explore pre-registration nurses’ perceptions of factors that enhance how they learn to provide end-of-life-care. A qualitative investigation was undertaken using focus group methodology. Twelve final year BSc Nursing (Adult) pre-registration students participated in three focus group interviews. Transcripts were analysed following techniques recommended by Strauss and Corbin (1998), including constant comparison, open, axial, selective and process coding. Five key elements that enhanced pre-registration nurses learning were elucidated: translation of knowledge between the HEI, CLE and P-RNs; role modelling; P-RNs motivation to learn, being able to manage the emotional labour of EOLC and the creation of a safe learning environment. It is recommended that future research should be directed towards a longitudinal study following pre-registration nurses learning during the programme, at six months and 12 months after qualification to reveal how knowledge is translated into end-of-life-care.

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Bailey, Etienne Benjamin. "Understanding local public responses to a high-voltage transmission power line proposal in South-West England : investigating the role of life-place trajectories and project-related factors." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/17948.

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With a projected increase in electricity demand and low-carbon energy generation in the UK, expansion of the existing transmission grid network is required. In going beyond the NIMBY concept, Devine-Wright (2009) posited a place-based approach that highlights the roles of place attachment and place-related symbolic meanings for understanding public responses to energy infrastructure proposals. This PhD research investigated two overarching and interrelated research aims. The first sought to enlarge our understandings of the processes of attachment and detachment to the residence place by investigating the dynamics of varieties of people-place relations across the life course (people's 'life-place trajectories'), thus addressing the limitation of studies adopting a 'structural' approach to the study of people-place relations. This research, in a second instance, sought to better understand the role of people's life-place trajectories and a range of project-based factors (i.e. procedural and distributive justice) in shaping people's responses to a power line proposal. This research focussed on the Hinckley Point C (HPC) transmission line proposal and residents of the town of Nailsea, South-West England. A social representations theory framework was usefully applied to this research by acknowledging that people's personal place relations and their beliefs about proposed place change, are situated and embedded within wider social representations of place and project. A mixed methods approach was employed comprising three empirical studies. The first consisted of twenty-five narrative interviews, the second a set of five focus group interviews, and the third a questionnaire survey study (n=264) amongst a representative sample of Nailsea residents. Triangulating findings across the three studies produced a novel set of key findings. By elaborating five novel 'life-place trajectories', this PhD research moved beyond structural approaches to the study of people-place relations and made a novel contribution to our understandings of the processes and dynamics of attachment and detachment to the residence place across the life course. This research further confirmed the existing typology of people-place relations and revealed a novel variety termed 'Traditional-active attachment'. Life-place trajectories were instrumental in informing divergent representations of the nearby countryside which were more or less congruent with objectified representations of the HPC project. Future studies investigating place and project meanings should be sensitive to these trajectories. Interestingly, place as a 'centre of meaning' rather than a 'locus of attachment' (or non-attachment) emerged as particularly salient for understanding responses to the project. Project-based factors were salient in informing participants' responses toward the project. A perceived imbalance between high local costs and an absence of local benefits was seen to result in distributive injustice and opposition toward the project. However, improved perceived procedural justice following National Grid's announcement of siting concessions in the spring of 2013, was seen to ameliorate local trust in the developer and project acceptance.

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Ratliff, William Charles. ""I Just Don't Feel Like Doing This Anymore": A Phenomenological Study of Student Engagement and Satisfaction in Learning During COVID19." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1619618120316513.

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Ilanogovan, Malarvele, and Susan E. Higgins. "Library provision to the Tamil community in Singapore." LIBRES: Library and Information Science Electronic Journal, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/197109.

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This study explored public library provision to the Tamil Community in Singapore using a focus group methodology. Results of the study were analysed and implications for the library services for the Tamil community in Singapore outlined. Improvement is needed in collections, facilities, programming and services, particularly in the area of provision to young people. Among other suggestions, the participants proposed an Internet portal in Tamil. Many indicated that the library could help in promoting the usage of Tamil language in Singapore through facilitating the reading and use of the Tamil language. Participants perceived this as vital to preserve the Tamil culture in Singapore and ensure its survival as part of the country’s unique cultural heritage in the future. The Tamil language among the other Indian languages has been given official status in Singapore, and this recognition of Tamil as a national language has given the Tamils intrinsic satisfaction. The language provides them with a living link to their ethnic culture. They believe the library can help them regain their cultural identities and also assist them in repositioning themselves well in Singaporean society. The contribution of this study to the professional literature is the idea of cultural identity being central in public library services to special user groups.

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Snyder, Carolyn A. "An investigation of behaviors influencing life satisfaction in young adult families." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1103.

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Ward, Callahan K. "Professional Development Needs of Utah State University Extension Professionals." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6927.

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Many Utah State University (USU) Extension personnel are nearing retirement age. The purpose of this study was to identify professional development needs of Extension professionals and assess USU Extension by evaluating competencies essential to be a successful Extension professional. USU Extension can conduct more beneficial professional development training by using identified high priority competencies and improve the on boarding process for new Extension professionals. With improvements as suggested, the effectiveness of professional development could be enhanced and produce Extension professionals who work more efficiently and are committed to the success of USU Extension.

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Collin, Angelica, and Sofie Tollander. "Att leva med autismspektrumtillstånd : Innehållsanalys och samtalsanalys av en fokusgruppsdiskussion." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-118998.

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Autismspektrumtillstånd (AST) är en neuropsykiatrisk funktionsnedsättning som kan påverka individens vardagsliv. Livsområden som kan vara problematiska är bland annat arbetsliv, familjeliv, relationer och områden som kräver social interaktion. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka vardaglig kommunikation hos vuxna med AST samt att genom deltagarnas personliga berättelser undersöka hur AST kan påverka en individs liv. Denna typ av studie är viktig för att generera en bättre förståelse för behoven hos vuxna med AST och därmed ge indikationer för vilka typer av anpassningar som kan behövas i samhället. Föreliggande studie baserades på en videoinspelad fokusgruppsdiskussion med fyra deltagare som i vuxen ålder har diagnostiserats med AST. Två olika analysmetoder användes för att studera materialet, nämligen samtalsanalys och innehållsanalys. Resultaten visade att deltagarna har kompetens för social interaktion och empatisk förmåga. Ett par av deltagarna uppfattades ha annorlunda blickanvändning, och oväntade ämnesbyten och avbrottsförsök observeras under diskussionen. Flertalet av deltagarna uppgav att de har haft psykiska svårigheter under sina liv och de ser diagnostiseringen som viktig för deras livskvalitet då den möjliggör kontaktskapande med likasinnade. Detta förefaller vara betydelsefullt för dem då de har svårt att bygga relationer. Resultaten i föreliggande studie kan bidra till en ökad förståelse för hur en neuropsykiatrisk diagnos kan påverka en individs liv.
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is a neuropsychiatric impairment that may affect an individual's everyday life. Life areas that may be problematic include work, family, relationships and areas that require social interaction. The aim of the present study was to investigate communication in everyday life amongst adults with ASD as well as, by listening to the participants' personal narratives, explore how AST can affect an individual's life. The study was based on a video recorded focus group discussion with four participants who in adulthood have been diagnosed with ASD. Conversation Analysis and Content analysis were used for analysis of the material. The results showed that the participants have skills for social interaction and empathy. Some of the participants were perceived as using their gaze in a deviant way, and unexpected changes in topics and attempted interruptions were observed during the discussion. The majority of the participants described periods of psychiatric problems during their lives, and that the diagnosis has been important for their quality of life as it enables them to create relationships with people with similar difficulties. This appears to be important to them since they have difficulties building relationships. The results contribute to a better understanding of how a neuropsychiatric diagnosis can affect an individual's life.

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Possan, Edna. "Modelagem da carbonatação e previsão de vida útil de estruturas de concreto em ambiente urbano." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/28923.

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Este trabalho propõe um modelo matemático destinado à estimativa da profundidade de carbonatação e à previsão de vida útil de projeto de estruturas de concreto, envolvendo variáveis de entrada de fácil obtenção (como resistência à compressão, tipo de cimento, umidade relativa, entre outras). Com base no conhecimento de experts (grupo focal) criou-se o banco de dados que deu origem ao modelo, o qual considera as principais variáveis de influência na ação da carbonatação, incluindo: às características do concreto (resistência à compressão do concreto aos 28 dias, o tipo de cimento empregado, o teor de adição, quando houver); às condições de exposição (macro clima - ambiente interno ou externo, protegido ou não da chuva); e, às condições ambientais (umidade relativa média da região de exposição da estrutura e o teor de CO2 do ambiente). O modelo matemático proposto baseou-se no ajuste de dados considerando as leis físico-químicas pertinentes, o qual foi testado com dados de investigações experimentais realizadas por outros pesquisadores. Os resultados indicam que o mesmo representa a ação da carbonatação do concreto, apresentando potencial de generalização. Também foi empregado para a previsão de vida útil de projeto, com uma abordagem probabilística via Simulação de Monte Carlo (SMC) e Análise de confiabilidade, inserindo as variabilidades existentes no processo de degradação. Os resultados das simulações demonstram que o modelo pode ser empregado para estimativa de vida útil via processos estocásticos. O modelo foi desenvolvido essencialmente para servir como um suporte para a análise da durabilidade de estruturas de concreto armado em ambiente urbano, podendo ser empregado tanto para a estimativa da profundidade de carbonatação do concreto quanto para a previsão de vida útil de projeto de estruturas novas ou existentes, com abordagem determinística ou probabilística. As maiores vantagens do modelo são relacionadas à entrada de dados os quais podem ser obtidos com relativa facilidade, à facilidade de aplicação e ao potencial de generalização.
This research work proposes a mathematical model to estimate carbonation depths and the service life prediction of concrete structures using easily accessible input variables (such as compressive strength, cement type, relative humidity, etc.). The model was designed using a database which was developed using the knowledge of experts (focus group). This database assesses the main variables that affect carbonation in concrete (compressive strength at 28 days, type of cement, concentration of addition, if applicable), exposure conditions (macroclimate – indoors or outdoors, exposure to rain) and environmental conditions (mean relative humidity and carbon dioxide concentration of the area where the structure is located). The proposed model was tested using experimental data from other researchers and the results suggest that it accurately represents the effects of carbonation in concrete, with results that can be expanded to other structures. The mathematical model was also applied to forecasts of the service life of a project using the probabilistic approach of Monte Carlo methods (MC) and an analysis of reliability that accounted for the intrinsic variability found in decay processes. The results of the simulations show that the model can be used to estimate the service life of a project using a stochastic technique. The model was developed to serve mainly as a supporting feature in the assessment of durability in reinforced concrete structures in urban environments and can be applied both to estimates of carbonation depths and to the service life prediction of projects of new or existing structures, using deterministic or probabilistic approaches. The major benefits offered by this model are related to the input of data, which are readily available, its ease of use and its potential for application in general situations.

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Bergnéhr, Disa. "Timing parenthood : Independence, family and ideals of life." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för tema, Tema Barn. Linköpings universitet, Filosofiska fakulteten, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-28896.

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Föreliggande arbete är en kvalitativ studie som behandlar valet att bli förälder. Det som undersöks är svenska unga vuxnas samtal kring när tiden är rätt för att bli förälder, livet som förälder kontra livet utan barn, det ideala livet, det goda föräldraskapet och en bra barndom. Studien är ett bidrag till den västerländska debatten om sjunkande födelsetal och uppskjutet barnafödande. De empiriska analyserna i arbetet är baserade på fokusgrupper med sammanlagt 35 individer mellan 24 och 39 år. Deltagarna har olika bakgrunder sett till utbildning, arbete och bostadsort. 15 var förstagångsföräldrar eller väntade sitt första barn. Resterande 20 hade inte barn. När är tiden rätt för barn? Varför har medelåldern för förstagångsföräldrar ökat? Vilka föreställningar finns kring livet som förälder jämfört med livet utan barn? Dessa var de övergripande frågorna som diskuterades i grupperna. Användandet av fokusgrupper och den diskursiva analysen visade sig vara fruktbara i studiet av ideal och föreställningar kring föräldraskap och övergången till föräldraskap. Resultatet av studien belyser komplexiteten kring valet att bli eller att vänta med att bli förälder; det visar på hur människors liv och förståelse av sig själva påverkas av många motstridiga föreställningar och ideal. Föräldraskap, familj, släktskap, vänskap, kärlek, ålder, biologi, och den oberoende individen är några av de fenomen som framstår som diskurser i fokusgruppsdeltagarnas diskussioner kring tiden för föräldraskap. Denna studie visar hur olika individer förhåller sig till olika diskurser och subjektspositioner, och hur olika individer på olika sätt löser dilemman som motstridiga ideal resulterar i. I avhandlingen undersöks och belyses diskursiva, kulturella strukturer och individers aktiva positionerande gentemot dessa.
The present thesis is a qualitative study of reproductive decision-making. It explores ways in which Swedish young adults talk about the timing of parenthood, the ideal life, good parenthood and the auspicious childhood. The work contributes to the debate on why fertility rates are declining and why the transition to parenthood is being postponed in the contemporary Western world. The empirical analysis is based on focus group data including in total 35 participants, between 24 and 39 years of age, with varying educational, occupational, and geographical backgrounds. The participants were new first-time parents, a few who were expecting their first child and some who were childless. The broad guiding questions of the focus group discussions were the timing of parenthood, the general postponement of parenthood, and the childless life contra life as a parent. The focus group method proved to be very useful in exploring ideas and ideals related to the timing of parenthood, as did the discourse analytical approach that was applied. The study illuminates the complexity of reproductive decision-making; it is an exploration of a range of notions and discourses that impact on people’s lives and ways of understanding the world, such as discourses on kin, family, friendship, the romantic relationship, parenthood, age, biology, and the independent, individualized individual. It is also a study of individual positioning towards different, often contradictory ideals, and individual strategies when trying to solve the pertinent dilemmas caused by contrasting notions. Thus, the study is an exploration of general, cultural discursive structures as well as of the different ways in which the subject actively draws upon them.

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Trolove, Hamish P. "Line focus solar Stirling domestic power generation." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mechanical Engineering, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6468.

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This thesis has found that to generate electricity for a domestic supply, the use of a two stage line focus concentrator coupled to a Stirling engine by way of a heat pipe is very inefficient, and the end result (useful power) could be better achieved by a line focus system with a Rankine cycle heat engine, or by using photovoltaic cells. For larger systems such as that needed to supply a small community, a point focus solar Stirling engine is the most efficient system at this stage, but with the rapid improvements being made in the performance of photovoltaic cells, this may not be the case in the future.

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Книги з теми "Focus group on line"

Aubel, Judi. Guidelines for studies using the group interview technique. Geneva: International Labour Office, 1994.

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Partridge, Frances. Friends in focus: A life in photographs. London: Chatto & Windus, 1987.

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Ford, Reuben. Residential strategies in later life: Focus group and interview study results. London: King's College, London, Department of Geography, 1993.

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Ford, Reuben. Residential strategies in later life: Focus group and interview study results. London: King's College, 1993.

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Walden, Graham. Focus Group Research. 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781446286111.

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Jo-Ellen, Asbury, ed. Focus group research. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2012.

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L, Morgan David, Krueger Richard A, and King Jean A, eds. Focus group kit. Thousand Oaks, Calif: SAGE Publications, 1998.

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1956-, Potter Jonathan, ed. Focus group practice. London: SAGE, 2004.

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The focus group guidebook. Thousand Oaks, Calif: SAGE Publications, 1998.

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Barbour, Rosaline, and Jenny Kitzinger. Developing Focus Group Research. 6 Bonhill Street, London England EC2A 4PU United Kingdom: SAGE Publications Ltd, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781849208857.

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Cárdenas, Marlon, Noelia García Castillo, Jorge Gómez-Sanz, and Juan Pavón. "Participatory Design with On-line Focus Groups and Normative Systems." In Advances in Artificial Intelligence, 66–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00374-6_7.

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Albanesi, Cinzia. "Focus Groups." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 2310–13. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_1066.

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Priore, Alessandra. "The Group as an Education Resource in Guidance Processes." In Employability & Competences, 365–73. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-672-9.40.

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The aim of this paper is to see what happens when reflective practice is used in a guidance intervention made with a group. Fifty university students took part in 3 focus group sessions during which they could discuss the issue of guidance and the choices and construction of a life plan. The results show a clear perception of wellness and usefulness in the educational experience, based on the possibility of knowing oneself, comparing oneself with others, activating systematic reflection on oneself and promoting change

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Weik, Martin H. "line group." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 900. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_10276.

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Krueger, Richard A. "Focus group." In Encyclopedia of Psychology, Vol. 3., 382–83. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10518-189.

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Repo, Rosa, and Juho Pesonen. "Identifying the Main Service Elements for Customer-Oriented Live Guided Virtual Tours." In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2022, 213–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94751-4_19.

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AbstractVirtual tourism allows people to see and experience the world without physically travelling to the destination. The objective of this study is to identify service elements critical to the development of customer-oriented live guided virtual tours. A total of three focus group discussions were conducted, with 4–5 participants in each group. All the participants were Japanese who had previously participated in live guided virtual tours. The data was analysed with qualitative content analysis, where an inductive approach was used. The findings reveal that the main expectations of the participants are related to experiencing the local culture and way of life, feeling of actually being in the destination (sense of connection), social interaction and active participation. These factors make the virtual tour feel realistic and attractive and the tourism businesses need especially to focus on these when designing virtual tours for example by providing ample opportunities for the virtual tour participants to discuss with each other and learn from each other. This study brings valuable insights into the virtual tours research from the customer perspective, especially in a non-Western context.

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Espinosa, Nieves, Nicholas Dodd, and Alejandro Villanueva. "Translating LCA Evidence into Performance-Based Policy Criteria for the Photovoltaic Product Group." In Towards a Sustainable Future - Life Cycle Management, 241–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77127-0_22.

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AbstractLife cycle assessment has the potential to generate valuable information and knowledge for policy makers, as insights can be gained by applying LCA to the development of policy criteria. This potential has been used in the development of a number of EU policy instruments aimed at photovoltaic products, i.e. Ecodesign, Energy Labelling, the EU Ecolabel and Green Public Procurement. They are the regulatory and voluntary policy instruments for sustainable production and consumption at the European Commission. Each instrument has different market objectives; e.g. Ecodesign sets mandatory minimum requirements for products entering the EU market, while the EU Ecolabel is a voluntary instrument to differentiate the most sustainable choices. An eight-step approach based on the Ecodesign methodology including a systematic LCA review has been used with a focus on the information needs of the policy instruments and an interpretation of the results per component/substance. Through the identification of hotspots at the component level and at life cycle stages, it has been possible to translate them into criteria.

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Weik, Martin H. "logical line group." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 923. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_10554.

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Nuttavuthisit, Krittinee. "Focus Group Interview." In Qualitative Consumer and Marketing Research, 141–64. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6142-5_6.

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Nind, Melanie, Alex Kaley, and Edward Hall. "Focus Group Method." In Handbook of Social Inclusion, 1–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48277-0_57-1.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Focus group on line"

"FACILITATION SUPPORT FOR ON-LINE FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS BY MESSAGE FEATURE MAP." In 10th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0001705105630566.

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Hațegan, Carolina Bodea, Dorina Talaș, and Raluca Trifu. "ONLINE SPEECH AND LANGUAGE THERAPY. FOCUS-GROUP BASED STUDY." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end088.

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In March 2020, due to the pandemic situation from our country, the National lockdown was imposed for almost two months. Speech and language therapy field was very affected in this period of time and harsh decisions were to be taken. Children who strongly needed therapy were in the situation to either go on with the rehabilitation process in an online setting or to wait and postpone therapy sessions. The aim of this research is to present the situation in a SLT (speech and language therapy) private specialized center and to underline the advantages and the disadvantages of SLT online therapy after one year (from March 2020, till March 2021). In the beginning of March 2020, 37 children attended SLT sessions in this private center, 2 of them were recently assessed and they were supposed to begin therapy exactly on the first lockdown day. From all of them, 20 children (54 %) switch to online therapy sessions progressively. Starting with April 2020, after a three weeks break, 9 children diagnosed with mild to moderate speech and language disorders, switch from face to face to on-line. In May, 6 more children and in June another 5 children were brought back to therapy, even if we remained in an online setting. The other children, 17 (46%), either stopped all therapy sessions or began therapy in other centers that organized onsite therapeutic sessions after the lockdown period of time. At this present moment, in March 2021, at one year distance, the SLT center offers SLT services exclusively online, both assessment and therapy and the number of cases asking directly for online therapy is increasing daily (in March 2021, N=31). Results of this study, organized as focus-groups with 3 parents, 3 children and 3 therapists underlined that online SLT is very efficient as long as parents` involvement is high. The main advantages listed by all persons in the research, even by children are: easier to be more consistent; the attendance in the SLT sessions is definitely higher, parents can participate directly in these activities, resources are easily to be found. Among disadvantages, the fact that parents have to be very involved in this therapeutic process seems to be the most frequently listed. In discussions and conclusions of this study a profile of the online SLT users is about to be depicted, a profile related to the one found in specialized literature from the field.

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Florestan, Platzer, Saillard Marc, and Fabbro Vincent. "Analysis of Marlene Radar Data: Focus on Doppler Spectra and Group Lines." In IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518149.

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Jiřičková, Jiřina. "Motivující principy skupinového on-line hudebního vyučování se zaměřením na vokální činnosti." In Musica viva in schola. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0028-2021-12.

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The paper names and briefly captures the motivating teaching approaches applicable in group music education with a focus on vocal activities. These include respect, trust, affection, physicality, and attention. The motivating and interconnected principles that Doug Goodkin uses can be understood as a basis and at the same time inspiring stimuli for on-line group music teaching with a predominance of vocal activities, whose task is to motivate children to their own vocal expressions and special natural elementary expression through elements of music.

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Braz, Soraya, Rodrigo Dorta, Caio dos Santos, Fernando Fogliano, Renato Hildebrand, Bárbara Milano, Fabio Nunes, Tiago Rubini, and Milton Sogabe. "Water, sustainability and poetics in the works of the cAt group." In LINK 2021. Tuwhera Open Access, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/link2021.v2i1.91.

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Since 2015, the cAt (science, Art, technology) research group from the Arts Institute of UNESP (São Paulo State University) has reflected upon Art-technology productions, that raise concerns about sustainability related to energy sources and alternative possibilities for energy generation without the direct use of computers and complex technology apparatus, while maintaining relevant aspects of the digital interactive works, such as the use of technology, interaction with the audience and a systemic view. These concerns were initially introduced in the production of the work “Sopro” (“Blow”), started in 2015, which is an interactive work powered by the audience participation through the strength of a wind blow on a pinwheel. This work is based on the use of a simple technological system, seeking the poetic dimension of the act of blowing and primary scientific principles. Upon the development of this work, the group sought the possibility of creating a series of works focused on concerns about sustainability with original interaction dynamics, thus creating new systems and works in which the body of the audience becomes the power source. In this context, not only the resulting works are important, but especially the creative process, in which artists focus their concerns and researches on socio-environmental issues, thus assuming a new view of the world, seeking new attitudes, new relationships with individuals and communities involved within this process, transforming their ways of life and materializing that into Art.In this paper we present the works that are part of the triptych, with each of the works having a different aspect, but related to the others. The works are presented in spherical, cubic and cylindrical formats. The public's physical relationship with the work takes place through a bodily activity, being blowing, touching and moving a part of the piece. The water is always present, but in a different physical state in each one, being part of the technological system and the poetic construction.In this article we focus on the water element, although other technological and symbolic aspects are present in the works. In the work “Sopro”, in the liquid state, water represents the context in which life arises. In the second work, “Toque”, in solid state, water serves as part of the technological process, in partnership with human contact, with the hot and cold contrast for energy generation. And in the third work, “Gesture”, water represents the symbolic part of the work, related to the passage of water from a liquid to a gaseous state, such as the condensation that occurs in the rain process.

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Lazarevich, Anatoly Arkadievich. "Digital transformation in the focus of transdisciplinarity of philosophical knowledge." In 4th International Conference “Futurity designing. Digital reality problems”. Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20948/future-2021-6.

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From the perspective of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary synthesis, there was studied the conceptual and methodological certainty of the existing approaches to understanding digital transformation. The author proceeds from the fact that digital transformation is not only the new technology (artificial intelligence, blockchain, data analysis, Internet of things etc.), but also a deep transformation of the basics of life, the structure of organizations and enterprises, society as a whole. In other words, it is a fundamental transformation of traditional models of life organization, construction, and development of a new reality, which is not always tolerant to humans. Thus, digital transformation is considered as essential characteristic of the modern era, the formation of which was influenced by a number of factors of social dynamics. The key factors are informatization and total digitalization. These processes caused formation of new sociality, which was different from the previous types of civilizational development with a sharp increase of the role of temporal and artificial component in the structure of social-biological evolution. In conditions of intensive social dynamics, choice remains an essential characteristic of new sociality. At the same time, the subjective side of social choice is changing: it is not an atomic personality, group, institution, but a high tech social practice taken from the point of view of the system of interaction of agents that realize the social-economic expediency in line with intensive innovation transformation. There is substantiated the increasing importance of modern social-humanitarian knowledge as conceptual-categorical and methodological base of reflection and prediction of the processes of formation of new sociality. In the structure of scientific-methodological reflection, there is actualized the transdisciplinary status of philosophical knowledge and its potential in connection with new instrumental-technical capabilities of cognitive practice.

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Davies, Kate, and Colette M. Reid. "34 Recognising the patient with frailty or dementia approaching the end of life – focus group reports." In The APM’s Annual Supportive and Palliative Care Conference, In association with the Palliative Care Congress, “Towards evidence based compassionate care”, Bournemouth International Centre, 15–16 March 2018. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-aspabstracts.61.

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Rezaei zadeh, Morteza, John O'reilly, Michael Hogan, Brendan Cleary, and Eamonn Murphy. "DESIGNING AN E-COOPERATIVE GROUP PRESENTATION TOOL TO BE EMBEDDED IN E-LEARNING PLATFORMS: A SCHEMATIC STORYBOARD." In eLSE 2013. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-13-176.

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Comparison of cognitive and affective gains between independent study and group presentations has been studied in some cases. They mostly approved the advantages of group presentation for students, enabling them to enhance their intellectual and cognitive abilities as well as their life-long learning in the specific courses. However, there is a more limited focus on e-learning environments in terms of activating these potentials in the e-learning settings of higher education. Conducting three focus groups with the related experts including 8 Irish master students, 6 academics and 6 entrepreneurs and as a part of a bigger research project, this study tries to design a specific tool for embedding in the current e-learning platforms, enabling students and tutors to organise some group presentations within their virtual classrooms. To do so, a Schematic Storyboard has been drawn after analysing the discussions and experiments of our focus groups? participants. Before drawing the storyboard four descriptive components named Functional Specifications (FS) have been written based on the participants? experiences, trying for defining different aspects of the storyboard. These FSs clarified the process of: creating the groups by students or their tutors, sharing the tasks amongst the group members, preparing and revising the group slides, and finally, doing the group presentation and getting feedback. This process has been done according to one of the Software Development Models, named: Prototypic Development. Finally, the features and capabilities of this designed storyboard have been compared with the previous published literature and experiences. While the paper is written from an e-learning perspective, the issues and processes raised are applicable to any higher education system that seeks to value and reward a student-centred educational system.

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Li, Xuesong, and Xingwu Wang. "Factors Influencing Farmers’ Perceived Values of Solar Houses in China: A Focus Group Study in Chongqing." In ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2013-18284.

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Solar houses are important for Chinese farmers to improve quality of life. What are the farmers’ perceived values (FPVs)? In this paper, we report a focus group study in Chongqing, China. Four constructs are considered in the FPV model: economic, quality, social and emotional values. The most important construct is the economic value and the second one is the quality value. Between social and emotional values, this study cannot yield the proper ranking for the third and fourth places.

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Litiņa, Sanita, Anika Miltuze, and Karīna Svētiņa. "Factors Influencing Digital Competence: A Focus Group Study From the Perspective of the Medical College Students." In 80th International Scientific Conference of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/htqe.2022.16.

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Over the last decade, learning and working in medicine has been increasingly influenced by digital tools. Today’s medical students are growing up in a digital age where digital tools and devices are a regular part of professional life. The development of digital competence is crucial for healthcare education, as healthcare professionals will be the ones helping orientate patients in digital healthcare systems and tools. This study aims to explore the opinions and experiences of medical college students regarding the factors influencing digital competence. Four focus group discussions were organised, with 26 medical college students in total in various study programmes in December 2021. The interviews were conducted in Latvian and transcribed by the lead researcher. Thematic analysis of the focus group discussions identified four main themes to be associated with the factors influencing digital competence: personal factors (self-confidence in using Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), attitudes towards ICTs, prior training on ICTs, motivation), learning design (online, blended learning), lecturers’ digital competence and external aspects (family support, Covid-19 pandemic). This study presented results that could also be helpful for other universities to promote targeted development and improvement of digital competence of their students.

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Burbank, Roberta L., Lisa John, Heidi A. Mahy, Shyanika W. Rose, Richard E. Weller, and Anjanette Nelson-Wally. Education and Outreach in the Life Sciences: Crosswalk Analysis Report: Survey and Focus Group Findings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1032706.

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Lazdane, Gunta, Dace Rezeberga, Ieva Briedite, Elizabete Pumpure, Ieva Pitkevica, Darja Mihailova, and Marta Laura Gravina. Sexual and reproductive health in the time of COVID-19 in Latvia, qualitative research interviews and focus group discussions, 2020 (in Latvian). Rīga Stradiņš University, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25143/fk2/lxku5a.

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Qualitative research is focused on the influence of COVID-19 pandemic and restriction measures on sexual and reproductive health in Latvia. Results of the anonymous online survey (I-SHARE) of 1173 people living in Latvia age 18 and over were used as a background in finalization the interview and the focus group discussion protocols ensuring better understanding of the influencing factors. Protocols included 9 parts (0.Introduction. 1. COVID-19 general influence, 2. SRH, 3. Communication with health professionals, 4.Access to SRH services, 5.Communication with population incl. three target groups 5.1. Pregnant women, 5.2. People with suspected STIs, 5.3.Women, who require abortion, 6. HIV/COVID-19, 7. External support, 8. Conclusions and recommendations. Data include audiorecords in Latvian of: 1) 11 semi-structures interviews with policy makers including representatives from governmental and non-governmental organizations involved in sexual and reproductive health, information and health service provision. 2) 12 focus group discussions with pregnant women (1), women in postpartum period (3) and their partners (3), people living with HIV (1), health care providers involved in maternal health care and emergency health care for women (4) (2021-02-18) Subject: Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Keywords: Sexual and reproductive health, COVID-19, access to services, Latvia

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Bandula-Irwin, Tanya, Max Gallien, Ashley Jackson, Vanessa van den Boogaard, and Florian Weigand. Beyond Greed: Why Armed Groups Tax. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.021.

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Armed groups tax. Journalistic accounts often include a tone of surprise about this fact, while policy reports tend to strike a tone of alarm, highlighting the link between armed group taxation and ongoing conflict. Policymakers often focus on targeting the mechanisms of armed group taxation as part of their conflict strategy, often described as ‘following the money’. We argue that what is instead needed is a deeper understanding of the nuanced realities of armed group taxation, the motivations behind it, and the implications it has for an armed group’s relationship with civilian and diaspora populations, as well as the broader international community. This paper builds on two distinct literatures, on armed groups and on taxation, to provide the first systematic exploration into the motivation of armed group taxation. Based on a review of the diverse practices of how armed groups tax, we highlight that a full account of their motivation needs to go beyond revenue collection, and engage with key themes around legitimacy, population control, institution building, and the performance of public authority. We problematise common approaches towards armed group taxation and state-building, and outline key questions of a new research agenda.

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Brice, S. J., B. Fleming, S. Geer, A. de Gouvea, D. Harris, P. Huber, B. Kayser, et al. Short-Baseline Neutrino Focus Group Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1423269.

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Roberson, B. F., and S. A. Harkreader. Focus group discussions of daylighting practices. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6667587.

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Hart, Tim, Mary Wickenden, Stephen Thompson, Yul Derek Davids, Gary Pienaar, Mercy Ngungu, Yamkela Majikijela, et al. Socio-Economic Wellbeing and Human Rights-Related Experiences of People with Disabilities in Covid-19 Times in South Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.013.

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During the early months of the global pandemic the international Disability Rights Monitor group survey illustrated the circumstances of persons with disabilities around the world. Gradually literature on the situation for persons with disabilities in sub-Saharan Africa started to emerge. As members of an informal network looking at issues affecting this group, some of the authors of this report realised that much of the research done was not specifically focusing on their perceptions during the pandemic and that it was not using the WG-SS questions. Having noticed a gap in the type of data being collected by other scholars and the media, this small informal network identified a need for a survey that would look at both experiences and perceptions of persons with disabilities focussing on lived experiences of socioeconomic impacts and access to human rights during the pandemic in South Africa. This report summarises some of the key findings of the study, which was conducted on-line using Google Forms from the 1 July to 31 August 2021. All percentages displayed are rounded to the nearest percent and this may affect what is displayed in charts. While we cite some literature in this report, a separate literature review was written by the team, and was used to guide the research and focus the questions.

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Coronado, Elizabeth Phillips. Sample Focus Group Questions for Girls in STEM. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1422933.

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Moon, Mike, and Duane E. Gory. ABCA FOCUS 2000 Work Group US Delegation Preparation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada375430.

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Kutscher, C., M. Mehos, C. Turchi, G. Glatzmaier, and T. Moss. Line-Focus Solar Power Plant Cost Reduction Plan (Milestone Report). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1001434.

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Plumhans, Laure-Anne, Elke Dall, and Klaus Schuch. Study on Austrian actors, networks and activities in the field of science diplomacy. Bringing Austrian science diplomacy to the next step: Challenges, state of play and recommendations. ZSI - Centre for Social Innovation, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2021.527.

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This study examines science diplomacy in Austria. ZSI was commissioned by the BMBWF between February and September 2021 to research how science diplomacy is currently understood and implemented and how the concept can be better anchored and promoted in Austria. Using literature and desktop research, an online survey, interviews and a focus group, this report answers the following key questions: how does the Austrian science diplomacy ecosystem looks like, who are its actors, what are the challenges and how could they be addressed? The complex task of presenting the current practical implementation of science diplomacy was carried out in this study in a survey that includes more than 150 actors and ranks them according to their importance in the system. Interviews with representatives of these organizations revealed that the term is well known. The actors note that they are already carrying out activities in the direction, and are also interested in intensifying this. However, there are concerns about using the term without a specific context. Accordingly, the concept is often not explicitly mentioned in institutional presentations and activities, and practices are often in other contexts. Furthermore, actors in the system are of course aware of each other, but there is no exchange on the topic of science diplomacy in particular. The corresponding (explicit) competencies and financial resources are lacking. This study also includes case studies that look at other countries' approaches: Perspectives from Japan, Finland, and Switzerland on science diplomacy are described. These and outstanding practices from other countries, as well as interviews and findings from a focus group with Austrian stakeholders, inspire five recommendations that conclude the report.

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