Готові списки джерел за темами / Flower line

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Flower line"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Flower line"

1

Annisa, Risti, Yulian Fakhrurrozi, and Sri Rahayu. "PROSES PEMBUNGAAN BEBERAPA VARIETAS Hoya coronaria DARI KAWASAN HUTAN KERANGAS AIR ANYIR, BANGKA." EKOTONIA: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, Botani, Zoologi dan Mikrobiologi 2, no. 1 (September 24, 2018): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/ekotonia.v2i1.464.

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Анотація:
Hoya coronaria found in heath forest of Air Anyir, Bangka has diverse colors. Flowers color diversity sometimes correlated varieties or the result of color changes during flowering process. The flowers development process observed from 5 H. coronaria varieties with different color from heath forest of Air Anyir, Bangka.The purpose of this research to know the flowering process and flower color change process some varieties of H. coronaria. This research done from September 2015-January 2016. This study used qualitative method to made detail and systematic description about flowering phase. H.coronaria flowering process consists of flower initation, flower estabilisment and flower development. Flower initation needs 13-15 days, flower estabilisment needs 10-12 days and flower development consists of early blooming process, full blooming and senescene. Early blooming process needs 1-3 days, full blooming needs 5-12 days and senescene needs 1-3 days. During the development process changes from rounded to pentagonal shape and there is a change in size. The observation result showed that 5 varieties are different from one another based on the difference between the colors of the flowers. Variety 1 has yellow corolla without honey line and deep pink corona. Variety 2 has light yellow green corolla with strong pink honey line and moderate red corona. Variety 3 has moderate red corolla with moderate red honey line and moderate red corona. Variety 4 has light yellow green corolla with moderate pink honey line and light yellow green corona. Variety 5 has moderate red without honey line and grayish red corona
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2

Bassett, Mark J., and Phillip N. Miklas. "A New Gene, bic, with Pleiotropic Effects (with T P V) for Bicolor Flowers and Dark Olive Brown Seed Coat in Common Bean." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 132, no. 3 (May 2007): 352–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.132.3.352.

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‘Painted Lady’ (Phaseolus coccineus L.) has bicolor flowers with vermilion banner petal and white wing petals. This flower color pattern is not known in common bean (P. vulgaris L.). The bicolor trait was backcrossed into common bean and its inheritance investigated, including allelism tests with other genes in common bean (T, P, and V) for flower color or pattern and brown seed coat. A pure line (line 33) with bicolor flower and dark olive brown seed coat was crossed to line 5-593 (no flower pattern and black seed coat). Data from the F2 and F3 progenies from that cross demonstrated that a single recessive gene controlled both the bicolor flower and dark olive brown seed coat by pleiotropic gene action. Allelism tests between the bicolor trait (line 179c) and standard genetic tester stocks involving the T, P, V, and Wb (white banner) genes for flower color or seed coat color demonstrated independence of bicolor from those genes and further supported the hypothesis of pleiotropic action on flower and seed coat. Also, the Wb gene was demonstrated to be independent of T and P. The gene symbol bic is proposed for the bicolor gene.
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Bachman, Gary R., and Margaret J. McMahon. "Light Quality Effects on Flower Sex Expression in Cucumber and Spinach." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 464D—464. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.464d.

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Анотація:
Using spectral filters to reduce the amount of far-red (FR) light perceived by plants has been shown to effectively reduce internode elongation of many floriculture crops. It is theorized that gibberellin (GA) function is inhibited in some way by the increase in the red: far-red light ratio. Sex expression of flowers are effected by exogenous applications of gibberellin and cause a shift in flower sex expression towards maleness. The use of growth regulators (GA inhibitors) have demonstrated a shift towards femaleness. Flowering of spinach, a dioecious species, and cucumber (staminate and pistillate lines), a monoecious species, were surveyed for shifts in flower sex expression, indicating a suppression of GA. Male: female flower ratio decreased from 7.6:1 to 4.06:1 when comparing the controls and –FR for the staminate cucumber line and 1:13 to 1:40 for the gynecious cucumber line. The decrease in male flowers on plants grown in a –FR environment are an indication that the function of GA is inhibited. There was no significant effect on the male: female flower ratios of the spinach.
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4

Tan, Ming Kai, Hui Lee, and Hugh Tiang Wah Tan. "The floriphilic katydid, Phaneroptera brevis, is a frequent flower visitor of non-native, flowering forbs." Journal of Orthoptera Research 28, no. 2 (May 17, 2019): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.33063.

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Анотація:
Distribution of consumers in a patch of vegetation can be predicted by resource availability and explained by the resource-concentration and optimal-foraging hypotheses. These hypotheses have not been explored for flower-visiting Orthoptera because they are deemed less economically or ecologically important. Some flower-visiting orthopterans can provide pollination services, which warrants more attention. We studied a Singaporean, floriphilic katydid, Phaneropterabrevis, to investigate the following questions: 1) how frequently does P.brevis visit flowers compared to other flower visitors and 2) what factors predict the abundance of P.brevis? We collected abundance data for P.brevis and other flower-visiting arthropods and quantified seven environmental parameters, including flower abundance and host-plant species richness. We found that P.brevis frequents flowers significantly more often than some common and expected flower visitors such as hoverflies. In line with the prediction of the resource-concentration hypothesis, the abundance of P.brevis was positively correlated with a higher flower abundance. Owing to the limited information on unexpected wild flower visitors and pollinators, especially from the understudied tropics of Southeast Asia, we propose that P.brevis can be a model organism for future studies to answer fundamental questions on flower visitation.
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Vasquez, Katherine L., Wayne A. Mackay, Marisa M. Wall, and Tim D. Davis. "Effect of Flower Age on Ethylene Synthesis in Big Bend Bluebonnet, Lupinus havardii." HortScience 33, no. 3 (June 1998): 486c—486. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.486c.

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Анотація:
Endogenous ethylene production of an advance breeding line and an unimproved population of L. havardii was measured to determine at what age open flowers begin to synthesize ethylene. Twenty to 30 immature flower racemes from greenhouse-grown plants were randomly selected and tagged in each plant population. Every 24 h, the uppermost open flower was tagged on the selected racemes. On the 10th day, tagged racemes were harvested from each population group. Flowers were removed from the raceme, placed into 10-ml vials (six flowers/vial), and incubated at room temperature (25 ± 2 °C). Ethylene was analyzed using a gas chromatograph. Detectable ethylene levels were most prevalent in 3- to 4-day old flowers. Mean ethylene rates were 1.7 nl/g per h and 1.1 nl/g per h for 4-day-old flowers of the advance breeding line and unimproved population, respectively. Senescing flowers (10 days old) of the advanced breeding line and unimproved population had ethylene rates of 7.9 and 6.7 nl/g per h, respectively.
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6

Bassett, Mark J. "Inheritance of Scarlet Color and Vein Pattern in Flowers and Oxblood Red Seedcoat Color Derived from the Interspecific Cross of Common Bean with Scarlet Runner Bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.)." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 128, no. 4 (July 2003): 559–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.128.4.0559.

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Анотація:
The genetics of the vermilion flower color (more orange than scarlet or salmon red) of Phaseolus coccineus L. is largely unknown, but the gene Sal for salmon red is the gene essential for its expression. Lamprecht line M0169 (PI 527868) expresses salmon red flowers with vein pattern on the wing petals and black seedcoats. M0169 (Sal Am and an unknown gene that inhibits the scarlet flower color expression of Am) was crossed with v BC3 5-593 (sal am and no inhibitor gene, expressing white flowers and mineral brown seedcoats). Line 5-593 is a Florida dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) line used as the recurrent parent for development of genetic stocks. The F2 from Sal Am Vwf BC1 5-593 (scarlet flowers, black seedcoats) × v BC3 5-593 (white flowers, mineral brown seedcoats) supported the hypothesis that a partly dominant gene Am changes salmon red to scarlet flower color and that Am has no expression with sal. The F3 progeny test of 27 random F2 parents from the above cross supported the hypothesis of a single partly dominant factor (Am) with no expression without Sal, where only Sal/Sal Am/Am completely eliminates the flower vein pattern (VP) of Sal. F4 progeny tests of 29 random F3 parents derived from a F2 selection with Sal/Sal Am/am Vwf/v supported the hypothesis that Am is linked to V (cM = 9.4 ± 1.93) and the hypothesis that Am is linked with a dominant gene (tentative symbol Oxb) that (with Sal v) changes seedcoat color from mineral brown with red haze to oxblood red. Another F4 progeny test of seven selected F3 parents with Sal/Sal Am/am v/v and oxblood seedcoat color supported the hypothesis that the Oxb gene (linked with Am and derived from M0169) with Sal v expresses oxblood seedcoat color. The gene symbol Am is proposed for the gene from M0169 that with Sal v expresses two pleiotropic effects: changes salmon red to scarlet flower color and eliminates the VP of salmon red. The interaction of Sal with Am for flower color and VP expression is discussed for all gene combinations.
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Iwashina, Tsukasa, Masa-atsu Yamaguchi, Masayoshi Nakayama, Takashi Onozaki, Hiroyuki Yoshida, Shuji Kawanobu, Hiroshi Ono, and Masachika Okamura. "Kaempferol Glycosides in the Flowers of Carnation and their Contribution to the Creamy White Flower Color." Natural Product Communications 5, no. 12 (December 2010): 1934578X1000501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1000501213.

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Анотація:
Three flavonol glycosides were isolated from the flowers of carnation cultivars ‘White Wink’ and ‘Honey Moon’. They were identified from their UV, MS, 1H and 13C NMR spectra as kaempferol 3 -O-neohesperidoside, kaempferol 3 -O-sophoroside and kaempferol 3- O-glucosyl-(1→2)-[rhamnosyl-(1→6)-glucoside]. Referring to previous reports, flavonols occurring in carnation flowers are characterized as kaempferol 3- O-glucosides with additional sugars binding at the 2 and/or 6-positions of the glucose. The kaempferol glycoside contents of a nearly pure white flower and some creamy white flower lines were compared. Although the major glycoside was different in each line, the total kaempferol contents of the creamy white lines were from 5.9 to 20.9 times higher than the pure white line. Thus, in carnations, kaempferol glycosides surely contribute to the creamy tone of white flowers.
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Davis, Tim D., Wayne A. Mackay, and Narendra Sankhla. "Postharvest Characteristics of cut Inflorescences of Lupinus havardii." HortTechnology 5, no. 3 (July 1995): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.5.3.247.

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Анотація:
Big Bend bluebonnet (Lupinus havardii Wats.) is native to a narrow geographic range in southwestern Texas and produces attractive blue inflorescences (racemes) that may be used as cut flowers. Several crops were produced in the greenhouse to determine postharvest-characteristics of the cut inflorescences. Without any postharvest conditioning treatments, the inflorescences held in water had an average vase life of about 7 days. During this period, an average of 13 flowers abscised per inflorescence. When preconditioned for 4 hours in 40 to 160 mg·liter−1 silver thiosulfate (STS), vase life increased to 10 to 12 days and fewer than three flowers abscised per inflorescence. A commercial floral preservative (Oasis) had no effect on flower abscission or vase life of STS-treated inflorescences. Flower abscission and vase life were the same whether STS-treated inflorescences were placed in floral foam moistened with water or in water alone. Storing STS-preconditioned inflorescences in water at 5C for 72 hours did not affect flower abscission or vase life compared to the unstored control. Dry postharvest storage at 5C for 72 hours caused noticeable wilting, but, on dehydration, these inflorescences still had a vase life of about 8 days. Postharvest characteristics of pink-and white-flowered breeding lines were the same as for the blue-flowered line. These results indicate that cut inflorescences of L. havardii have desirable postharvest qualities and can be stored for up to 72 hours without seriously limiting vase life.
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9

Bassett, Mark J. "Pleiotropic Effects of gri on Seed Coat and Flower Color in Common Bean." HortScience 27, no. 3 (March 1992): 254–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.3.254.

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Анотація:
The effects of gri on seed coat and flower color were investigated in a study using Lamprecht line V0400 (PI 527735) as the known source of gri. Seed and flower color data were taken on observations of F2, BC1-F2, and BC2,-F2 populations from crosses of V0400 with the recurrent parent S-593. Segregation was observed for a unique flower color pattern: wing petals have a very pale tinge of blue (laelia), and the banner petal has two violet dots (≈3- to 4-mm diameter) on a nearly white background. This very pale laelia flower color cosegregates with gray-white seed coats produced by gri. Furthermore, the very pale laelia color depends on the action of V for expression and is extinguished by v, which produces pure white flowers. Thus, it was demonstrated that the very pale laelia flower color, for which Lamprecht tentatively proposed the gene symbol vpal, is not controlled by an allele at V but is a pleiotropic effect of gri. It was also demonstrated that Lamprecht line V0060 (PI 527717) carries vlae, not v, as indicated by the genotypic notes accompanying the Lamprecht seed collection.
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Kwon, Young-Seok, and Fenny Dane. "462 Inheritance of Light-Green Flower Color (gf) in Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 524B—524. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.524b.

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Анотація:
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thumb. Matsum. and Nakai) flower petals usually are yellow, but in watermelon line Kw-695, light-green flowers were detected. To study the inheritance of light-green flower color, Kw-695 plants were crossed with yellow-flowered Korean cultures `SS-4' and `Dalgona'. The resulting F1, F2, and reciprocal backcross generations were analyzed for flower color. Segregation ratios in the F2 and backcross to Kw-695 were 3 yellow: 1 light green and 1 yellow: 1 light green, respectively. Backcross generations to the yellow-flowered parents showed yellow flowers only. These results indicate that inheritance of the light-green flower character in Kw-695 is governed by a single recessive gene. We propose the gf gene symbol for the green flower trait. Kw-695 plants have large vines with large, light-green leaves. The plants are andromonoecious, have large, oval, bright yellow-green fruit with irregular dark-green stripes, bright yellow-orange, inedible flesh with very low sugar content (about 3.2 °Brix), and light-yellow seeds. The trait should be useful as a marker in watermelon breeding programs. Linkages between this trait and other genetic markers in watermelon will be investigated.
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Дисертації з теми "Flower line"

1

Лук'яненко, Ігор Анатолійович. "Лінія розливу миючих засобів у ПЕТ-пляшки з модернізацією вузла розливу". Master's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2019. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/30721.

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Анотація:
Вивчено конструкцію, принцип роботи та характеристики автомата розливу та лінії в цілому. У магістерській дисертації виконано параметричні та кінематичні розрахунки. Виконано розрахунок пружини. З метою усунення недоліків автомата розливу а саме, малої швидкості розливу, складність конструкції вузла розливу, малої точності дозування було проведено патентно-літературний огляд конструкції. Результатом було обрано прототип конструкції розливного пристрою який розміщується безпосередньо у витратному резервуарі та має спрощену конструкцію, що дозволяє збільшити продуктивність та зменшити витрати на ремонт та обслуговування автомата в цілому. Для підтвердження модернізації було розроблено 3Д моделі в середовищі SolidWorks базового та модернізованого вузлів і проведений їх розрахунок в середовищі ANSYS. Також було виконано розділи: монтаж і експлуатація, автоматизація, охорона праці та було розроблено стартап-проект.
In the course of the Master's thesis, the technological line of bottling detergents in PET bottles was selected. The design, principle of operation and characteristics of the bottling machine and the line as a whole are studied. In the master's thesis parametric and kinematic calculations were performed. The spring was calculated. In order to eliminate the disadvantages of the dispenser, namely, the low speed of the spill, the complexity of the design of the spill node, low accuracy of dosing was conducted patent-literature review of the design. The result was a prototype design of the filling device, which is placed directly in the flow tank and has a simplified design, which allows to increase productivity and reduce the cost of repair and maintenance of the machine as a whole. To confirm the upgrade, 3D models were developed in the SolidWorks environment of the base and upgraded units, and their calculation was performed in the ANSYS environment. The following sections were also completed: installation and operation, automation, labor protection, and a startup project was developed.
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2

Suntipabvivattana, Niramon. "Extending the vase life of mixed flower bouquets." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2012. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8509.

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Анотація:
The popularity of mixed flowers bouquets has increased in the cut flower industry. The longevity of mixed flowers bouquets is limited by the individual life of each flower in the bunch. Various factors have been studied for their effect on the individual life of each flower in mixed flowers bouquets. The results indicate that the differences in vase life of each flower in mixed bouquets may come from the influence of their phenotype. In cut rose flowers, there were various contents of fructose, glucose, sucrose and myo-inositol in all cultivars. However, levels of sugars contents were not related to the long-lived cultivars. For cut lily flowers, the contents of fructose, glucose and sucrose were measured in the primary and the secondary bud of ‘Tiber’ lilies. Differences in the contents of fructose, glucose and sucrose between the primary and secondary bud, did not relate to the longevity of individual bud life. However, this experiment found increases in sucrose contents in both positions before the time of opening. This increase in sucrose may relate to the role of the carbohydrate energy source for bud opening. Bacteria found in this study seemed to be largely specific to different flower types. Also, species of bacteria found in the vase water of mixed flowers were less than in that of single varieties. Difference in species of bacteria may be due to differences between plants, and the conditions they exert in the vase water. In general bacterial numbers were high at the beginning of all the experiments, indicating a strong inoculum effect from stems, although there was no straightforward relationship between stem numbers and inoculum size, in all cases. Experiments of single varieties were studied using ‘Tiber’ lily, ‘Akito’ rose and ‘Valentino’ rose. The results indicated that the addition of stems did not result in higher numbers of bacteria, but vase life was reduced, especially for the roses. The effect of number of stems in mixed flowers was investigated in distilled water and liquid flower food. The result of the addition of stems was to reduce the vase life of both ‘Tiber’ lily and ‘Akito’ rose. However, the effect of more stems of ‘Akito’ roses had a greater effect on vase life, fresh weight and water uptake than in ‘Tiber’ lilies. This indicated that ‘Akito’ roses had a greater response to high bacteria populations than lilies. The role of chemical exudates on flowers was not clear in the present study as they only had an effect during the early part of the vase life. The vase lives of ‘Tiber’ lilies and ‘Akito’ roses in all treatments were not significantly different. Perhaps treatment effects caused by the presence of chemical exudates may have been ‘masked’ by the presence of micro-organisms. The screening of 12 essential oils (West Indian bay, cinnamon leaf, clove bud, clove leaf, Chinese ginger, lemongrass, mandarin, rosemary, sage, spearmint, sweet fennel, and thyme) showed that thyme oil and lemongrass oil are effective against more bacterial species over other essential oils. The comparison of the minimal bactericide concentration (MBC) of thyme oil and lemongrass oil showed that the average MBC for thyme oil was lower than that of lemongrass. However, the thyme oil failed to extend the vase life of ‘Tiber’ lily and ‘Akito’ rose. Thyme oil was effective against bacteria for a very short time and could not extend vase life, especially that of the ‘Akito’ rose. Overall, thyme oil treatment appeared to reduce vase life. The efficacy of nine weak organic acids was studied in vivo for their effect on six bacterial species. Bacterial samples were inoculated on trypticase soya agar (TSA) pH 4 and 7. At pH 7, the TSA was prepared by using distilled water. All six bacteria species grew well under these conditions. The results of weak organic acids studied at pH 7 showed that Trans-cinnamic acid was the only weak organic acid that could act against some bacteria. At pH 4, only L8 (Bacillus spp.) could grow, and Trans- cinnamic acid was effective against this bacteria. The initial result of testing Trans- cinnamic acid against bacteria offered some promise for it to be applied successfully to the vase water of cut flowers, in combination with buffer systems.
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3

Zhao, Y., E. Tomsik, M. Trchova, and J. Stejskal. "The Flower-Like Hierarchical Architectures Assembled from Aniline Oligomers." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34846.

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Анотація:
The flower-like hierarchical architectures assembled from aniline oligomers by a template-free method are reported. They are important because of their close relation to a conducting polymer, polyaniline. Their formation process is ascribed to the self-assembly of oligoanilines under non-covalent interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic forces, and π–π stacking. The model of directional growth is offered to explain the formation of petal-like objects and, subsequently, flowers. In order to investigate the chemical structure of the oligomers, a series of characterizations have been carried out, such as UV–visible, Fourier-transform infrared and Raman spectroscopies. Based on the results of characterization methods, a formation mechanism of the aniline oligomers and their self-assembly are proposed. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34846
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4

Debugne, Antoine Louis René. "A study of round, line-like and meandering turbulent fountains." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/284881.

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Анотація:
The dynamics of different classes of turbulent and miscible fountains are stud- ied: from classic axisymmetric fountains issuing from round sources, to confined fountains propagating in a quasi-two-dimensional environment, to line fountains which form when release conditions are approximately two-dimensional at the source. Each class is characterised by distinct dynamical behaviour, which this the- sis analyses both through theoretical arguments and experimental measurements. A model for the entrainment of ambient fluid into a fluctuating fountain top is developed and implemented into a first complete description for round fountains. The solutions of the resulting 'three-region-model' lie in improved agreement with available data and, uniquely, do not diverge near the top of the fountain. Next, con- fined fountains (unexplored to date) are classified into four flow regimes and their behaviour collapsed according to a single governing parameter that captures the severity of confinement. Finally, new experiments on line foutains shed light on the quasi-steady structure of these flows, revealing (and motivating) a strong con- nection between their motion in the vertical and lateral planes. Round, confined and line fountains are then contrasted in the conclusions, where we reflect on what is required to progress towards a unified theory of turbulent fountains.
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5

Metz, Evie. "The Puppets Look Like Flowers At Last." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5922.

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Анотація:
The urge to uncover aspects of human condition permeates my work, from the fundamental curiosity of a child tearing apart their doll to uncover what lies within to continuing a quest in uncovering basic human urges through my puppet animated dramas and tragedies. There is a controversial line between the childlike and the adult-like that can be ambiguous, and at some times more discernible while other times less. I create handcrafted stop-frame puppet animations that explore self-conscious emotions such as embarrassment, shame, and envy within unpredictable life scenarios. These are animations about inner life, attempting to resolve conflicting elements of the human psyche. At first glance, these puppets might appear scary, but upon closer observation the viewer may realize it is the puppet who is scared.
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6

Kartalov, M. "The flower-shaped starshade may be used to find earth-like planets." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40411.

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Анотація:
The technological progress is changing people minds. We have changed the manner of thinking while science is developing. The exploring of different planetary bodies like the Earth-like planets will be our next step in the nearest future.
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7

Rigolli, Lorenzo. "Link Floer Homology in spazi lenticolari." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/5747/.

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8

Koleski, Goce. "Flower-like azimuthal instability of a divergent flow at the water/air interface." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0244.

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Un écoulement axisymétrique à une interface eau-air s’avère instable azimutalement. Durant cette thèse,nous avons mené deux expériences afin d’étudier ce point : (1) une petite fontaine subaquatique propulse un jet contre l’interface eau-air créant ainsi en surface un écoulement centrifuge radial; (2) une microbille chauffée par laser, en mouillage partiel à la surface de l’eau, engendre un écoulement thermocapillaire divergent. Lorsque la vitesse du jet ou la puissance du laser est suffisamment forte, il se produit une brisure de symétrie de l’écoulement torique initial en paires de vortex contrarotatifs entourant la source.Nous précisons les caractères morphologiques du tore ainsi que du dipôle par le biais d’expériences de tomographie laser et d’injection de colorant. Dans l’expérience du jet d’eau, nous montrons que la taille du tore est essentiellement déterminée par la distance séparant l’injecteur de la surface. Dans les deux expériences, un état "bloqué" de l’interface en régime toroïdal mais "débloqué" en régime dipolaire est mis en évidence par suivi de traceurs. Ce type de phénomène est piloté par l’élasticité de surface. Une preuve convaincante est la réponse élastique, à l’extinction du laser, de la couche de surfactants adsorbés à l’interface. Le principal intérêt de ce travail est de mettre en avant le rôle – clé que joue l’élasticité interfaciale dans le scénario de l’instabilité. D’un point de vue théorique, nous étudions la convection thermocapillaire induite par une source fixe ponctuelle à l’interface eau-air. Nous résolvons l’équation de Stokes incompressible au sein du demi – espace contenant le liquide et déterminons la solution exacte du problème advectif, non-linéaire, dans le régime axisymétrique en limite de champ lointain. Enfin, nous posons les bases sur lesquelles élaborer une théorie de l’instabilité. Ce travail de thèse devrait permettre de comprendre comment une petite sphère chaude à la surface de l’eau déclenche le type d’instabilité étudié ici, devenant de ce fait une "particule active" capable de s’autopropulser à grande vitesse
Axisymmetric flows on a water-air interface prove to be azimuthally unstable. In this thesis work, we design two setups to explore this fact : (1) a small subaquatic fountain propelling a jet against the water-air interface where it creates a centrifugal radial flow, (2) a laser – heated microbead in partial wetting at the surface of water that induces a divergent thermocapillary flow. At sufficiently high jet speeds or laser powers appears a symmetry – breaking of the toroidal base flow in the form of counter – rotating vortex pairs surrounding the source. Morphological traits of the torus and the dipole are uncovered through a wealth of laser tomography and dye injection experiments. In the water jet experiment, we show that the torus size is primarily fixed by the distance between the injector and the surface. In both experiments,the tracking of tracer particles evidences a ‘locked’ interface in the toroidal regime, whereas it ‘unlocks’ when a dipole sets in. Such a phenomenon is conditioned by surface elasticity. Cogent evidence is brought by the elastic response to laser shutdown of a surfactant layer adsorbed at the water surface. Unveiling the key role of surface elasticity in the scenario of the instability is the main achievement of this work.On a theoretical level, we focus on thermocapillary convection induced by a fixed point source of heat sitting across the water-air interface. We solve the incompressible Stokes equation within the water – filled half – space and derive an exact solution to the advective nonlinear regime in the far – field axisymmetric limit. We then lay the groundwork on which to build a model of the instability. This thesis work paves the way for understanding how a hot microsphere found on the water surface triggers such an instability, thereby becoming an ‘active particle’ able to achieve self – propulsion at large speeds
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Bao, Yan, Lu Gao, and Jianzhong Ma. "Hygienic Property and Water Resistance of Waterborne Polyacrylate/Flower-like ZnO Composite Coatings - 197." Verein für Gerberei-Chemie und -Technik e. V, 2019. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34258.

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Content: Polyacrylate as film-forming materials has been widely used in leather finishing, but its compactness significantly obstructs the hygienic property of upper leather. Therefore, considerable efforts have been made to endow polyacrylate with required properties. In this study, we demonstrated a facile and rapid sonochemical process to synthesis the flower-like ZnO nanostructures. The related morphology and structure of product were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Meanwhile, flower-like ZnO were introduced into the polyacrylate matrix by physical blending method, whose morphology, latex stability, water vapor permeability and water resistance were measured. The results showed that flower-like ZnO assembled by ellipsoid-like nanorods with the length of about 600 nm was successfully fabricated. The sizes of flower-like ZnO were 1.2 μm. According to SEM images, flower-like ZnO evenly dispersed were observed in composite matrix. Compared with pure polyacrylate, polyacrylate/flower-like ZnO composites exhibited the superior stability. Meanwhile, its water vapor permeability and water resistancewere increased by 52.91% and 53.13%, severally. The reason for this is that ZnO with rough structure can increase voids in polyacrylate film and thus improving hygienic property of polyacrylate film. Additionally, the hydrophilic groups on surface of ZnO can product the crosslinking with polyacrylate chains, which contributed to the enhancement of water resistance. Thus, a promising coating with hygienic property and water resistance for leather finishing agent was approved. Take-Away: 1. Polyacrylate/flower-like ZnO composites exhibited excellent hygienic property. 2. This composite coating achieves simultaneous enhancement in water vapor permeability and water resistance. 3. The morphology of ZnO can effect the properties of polyacrylate.
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Kuniyoshi, Claudia H. "Plant-herbivore interaction of ethylene- insensitive petunias and western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1376966622.

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Книги з теми "Flower line"

1

Bai miao hua hui: Yu lan = : Flower-and-plant line drawings : magnolia. Beijing: Ren min mei shu chu ban she, 2009.

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Bai miao hua hui: Shui xian = : Flower-and-plant line drawings : narcissus. Beijing: Ren min mei shu chu ban she, 2009.

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Wingate, Janet L. Rocky Mountain flower finder: A guide to wildflowers found below tree line in the Rocky Mountains. Berkeley: Nature Study Guild, 1990.

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Wall, Carly. Flower secrets revealed: Using flowers to heal, beautify, and energize your life. Virginia Beach, Va: A.R.E. Press, 1993.

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5

Yoshinaga, Fumi. Flower of life. Gardena, Calif: Digital Manga, 2007.

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6

Flower works: Innovative ideas for bringing the beauty of fresh and dried flowers into your life. London: Grange Books, 1991.

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7

Schrader, Richard A. Like a flower blooming. [St. Croix, V.I.]: R.A. Schrader, 1999.

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8

See, Lisa. Flower net. New York: HarperPaperbacks, 1998.

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Like a flower in bloom. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Bethany House, A division of Baker Publishing Group, 2015.

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10

Kkukka, Hau t'u Tŭrai, ed. Di yi ci zuo gan zao hua jiu cheng gong: Ling shi bai hua quan, ping zhuang, hua shu, shi pin, bao zhuang ying yong he gan zao hua zhi zuo Q&A. Taibei Shi: Zhu que wen hua shi ye you xian gong si, 2018.

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Частини книг з теми "Flower line"

1

Majdic, Gregor. "Of Bees and Flowers." In Fascinating Life Sciences, 69–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67212-6_10.

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Bernier, G., and J. M. Kinet. "The Control of Flower Initiation and Development." In Proceedings in Life Sciences, 293–302. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71018-6_38.

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Williamson, Clifford. "Carfin and the Little Flower." In The History of Catholic Intellectual Life in Scotland, 1918–1965, 103–23. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-33347-6_5.

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Kaul, Veenu, and Shveta Saroop. "Bioactive Compounds of Asian Spider Flower (Cleome viscosa Linn.)." In Reference Series in Phytochemistry, 1–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44578-2_8-1.

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Kaul, Veenu, and Shveta Saroop. "Bioactive Compounds of Asian Spider Flower (Cleome viscosa Linn.)." In Reference Series in Phytochemistry, 121–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57415-4_8.

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Tanase, Koji. "Cross-Breeding for Flower Vase Life and Their Molecular Mechanism." In Compendium of Plant Genomes, 51–59. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8261-5_5.

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Ross, Bruce. "Altered States: The Artistic Quest In The Stone Flower and La Sylphide." In Destiny, the Inward Quest, Temporality and Life, 275–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0773-3_20.

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Philippou, Eleni. "Conclusion: “Writing about flowers at a time like this”." In Speaking Politically, 121–26. New York : Routledge, 2021. |: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003005810-6.

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Nhut, Duong Tan, Nguyen Thanh Hai, Pham Thi Minh Thu, Nguyen Ngoc Thi, Truong Thi Dieu Hien, Tran Trong Tuan, Nguyen Ba Nam, Nguyen Phuc Huy, Hoang Xuan Chien, and Shri Mohan Jain. "Protocol for Inducing Flower Color Somaclonal Variation in Torenia (Torenia fournieri Lind.)." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 455–62. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-074-8_34.

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Anand, M. S., and S. B. Pope. "Diffusion Behind a Line Source in Grid Turbulence." In Turbulent Shear Flows 4, 46–61. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69996-2_4.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Flower line"

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"Notice of Retraction: Variation of Red Flower Mutant Line in Impatiens balsamina SP4 Generation Induced by Spaceflight." In 2011 5th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2011.5780022.

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Tao Zhang, Jia-na Li, Liang-yu Shen, Rui-xue Wang, and Yan Zou. "Effect of environmental temperatures on flower morphology and fertility alternation of male sterile line 160S of Brassica napus." In 2011 International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2011.5966108.

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Rubanova, O. A. "NECTAR PRODUCTIVITY OF SUNFLOWER LINES AND HYBRIDS." In 11-я Всероссийская конференция молодых учёных и специалистов «Актуальные вопросы биологии, селекции, технологии возделывания и переработки сельскохозяйственных культур». V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25230/conf11-2021-89-93.

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Common sunflower is an entomophilous crop; therefore, the presence of pollinating insects is necessary for the realization of the potential productivity of plants. Nectar is the main attractant of sunflower. In this work we determined the nectar bearing capacity and sugar content (dry matter content) of nectar in tubular flowers of various sunflower genotypes using microcapillary tubes with an inner diameter of 0.25 mm and an outside diameter of 0.50 mm. We noted the maximum amount of nectar in a line of genetic collection MVG-8 – 0.32 mg/flower. We observed the maximum value of sugar content in hybrids NK Brio and Factor – 61 and 57 %, respectively. The Oksi hybrid had the minimum values in the amount of 0.11 mg/flower and 21 % of the nectar sugar content.
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Liberman-Pincu, Ela. "Audrey- Flower-like Social Assistive Robot." In HRI '21: ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3434074.3446962.

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Sholehah, Diana Nurus, Sucipto Haryanto, and Hery Purnobasuki. "Flower appearance of six Physalis ixocarpa genotype." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LIFE SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY (ICoLiST 2020). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0052675.

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Bakina, Olga V., Elena A. Glazkova, Natalia V. Svarovskaya, Aleksandr S. Lozhkomoev, Elena G. Khorobraya, and Sergey G. Psakhie. "Synthesis of low-size flower-like AlOOH structures." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHYSICAL MESOMECHANICS OF MULTILEVEL SYSTEMS 2014. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4901476.

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Zayana, N. Y., and M. Rusop. "Formation of flower-like ZnO clusters by precipitation method." In 2012 IEEE Symposium on Humanities, Science and Engineering Research (SHUSER). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/shuser.2012.6268882.

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Li Chen, X. W. Sun, J. X. Wang, Lei Wei, and Zhang Xiaobing. "Fabrication and Field Emission of Flower-like ZnO Nanowhiskers." In 2006 19th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference and 50th International Field Emission Symposium. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivnc.2006.335259.

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9

Desmonda, Christa, and Yian Tai. "Synthesis of flower-like silver nanoparticles for SERS application." In 2010 International Conference on Enabling Science and Nanotechnology (ESciNano). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/escinano.2010.5701022.

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Xie, Jin, Richard Leapman, and Xiaoyuan Chen. "Flower-like Au-Fe3O4 optical nanosensor for imaging protease expressions in vivo." In 2011 IEEE/NIH 5th Life Science Systems and Applications Workshop (LiSSA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lissa.2011.5754173.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Flower line"

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Flaishman, Moshe, Herb Aldwinckle, Shulamit Manulis, and Mickael Malnoy. Efficient screening of antibacterial genes by juvenile phase free technology for developing resistance to fire blight in pear and apple trees. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7613881.bard.

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Objectives: The original objectives of this project were to: Produce juvenile-free pear and apple plants and examine their sensitivity to E. amylovora; Design novel vectors, for antibacterial proteins and promoters expression, combined with the antisense TFL1 gene, and transformation of Spadona pear in Israel and Galaxy apple in USA. The original objectives were revised from the development of novel vectors with antibacterial proteins combined with the TFL-1 due to the inefficiency of alternative markes initially evaluated in pear, phoshomannose-isomerase and 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate phosphatase and the lack of development of double selection system. The objectives of project were revised to focus primarily on the development additional juvenile free systems by the use of another pear variety and manipulation of the FT gene under the control of several promoters. Based on the results creation of fire blight resistance pear variety was developed by the use of the juvenile free transgenic plant. Background: Young tree seedlings are unable to initiate reproductive organs and require a long period of shoot maturation, known as juvenile phase. In pear, juvenile period can last 5-7 years and it causes a major delay in breeding programs. We isolated the TFL1 gene from Spadona pear (PcTFL1-1) and produced transgenic ‘Spadona’ trees silencing the PcTFL1 gene using a RNAi approach. Transgenic tissue culture ‘Spadona’ pear flowered in vitro. As expected, the expression of the endogenous PcTFL1 was suppressed in the transgenic line that showed precocious flowering. Transgenic plants were successfully rooted in the greenhouse and most of the plants flowered after only 4-8 months, whereas the non-transformed control plants have flowered only after 5-6 years of development. Major achievements: Prior to flower induction, transgenic TFL1-RNAi ‘Spadona’ plants developed a few branches and leaves. Flower production in the small trees suppressed the development of the vegetative branches, thus resulting in compact flowering trees. Flowering was initiated in terminal buds, as described for the Arabidopsis tfl1 mutant. Propagation of the transgenic TFL1-RNAi ‘Spadona’ was performed by bud grafting on 'Betulifolia' rootstock and resulted in compact flowering trees. The transgenic flowering grafted plants were grown in the greenhouse under a long photoperiod for one year, and flowered continuously. Pollination of the transgenic flowers with ‘Costia‘ pear pollen generated fruits of regular shape with fertile F1 seeds. The F1 transgenic seedling grown in the greenhouse formed shoots and produced terminal flowers only five months after germination. In addition, grafted F1 transgenic buds flower and fruit continuously, generating hybrid fruits with regular shape, color and taste. Several pear varieties were pollinated with the transgenic TFL1-RNAi ‘Spadona’ pollen including `Herald Harw` that was reported to have resistance to fire blight diseases. The F-1 hybrid seedlings currently grow in our greenhouse. We conclude that the juvenile-free transgenic ‘Spadona’ pear enables the development of a fast breeding method in pear that will enable us to generate a resistance pear to fire blight. Implications: The research supported by this grant has demonstrated the use of transgenic juvenile free technology in pear. The use of the juvenile free technology for enhancement of conventional breeding in fruit tree will serve to enhance fast breeding systems in pear and another fruit trees.
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Barg, Rivka, Kendal D. Hirschi, Avner Silber, Gozal Ben-Hayyim, Yechiam Salts, and Marla Binzel. Combining Elevated Levels of Membrane Fatty Acid Desaturation and Vacuolar H+ -pyrophosphatase Activity for Improved Drought Tolerance. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7613877.bard.

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Background to the topic: In previous works we have shown that Arabidopsis and tomato over-expressing H+-pyrophosphatase show increased tolerance to drought imposed by withholding irrigation of young plants in pots (Park et al. 2005). In addition, young tobacco plants over-expressing fatty acid desaturase 3 (OEX-FAD3) also showed increasing tolerance to drought stress (Zhang et al 2005), and similarly OEX-FAD3 young tomato plants (unpublished data from ARO), hence raising the possibility that pyramiding the two could further improve drought tolerance in tomato. Based on these findings the specific objects originally set were: 1. To analyze the impact of pyramiding transgenes for enhanced fatty acid desaturation and for elevated H+-PPase activity on tomato yielding under water deficit stress conditions. 2. To elucidate the biochemical relationship between elevated desaturation of the membrane lipids and the activities of selected vacuolar transporters in the context of drought responses. 3. To explore the S. pennellii introgression lines as alternative genetic sources for drought tolerance related to enhanced fatty acid desaturation and/or H+-PPase activity. 4. Since OEX-FAD3 increases the levels of linolenic acid which is the precursor of various oxylipins including the stress hormone Jasmonate. (JA), study of the effect of this transgene on tolerance to herbivore pests was added as additional goal. The Major conclusions, solutions, and achievements are: (1) The facts that ectopic over-expression of vacuolarH+-PPases (in line OEX-AVP1) does not change the fatty acid profile compared to the parental MoneyMaker (MM) line and that elevated level of FA desaturation (by OEX-FAD3) does not change the activity of either H+-PPase, H+-ATPaseor Ca2+ /H+ antiport, indicate that the observed increased drought tolerance reported before for increase FA desaturation in tobacco plants and increased H+PPase in tomato plants involves different mechanisms. (2) After generating hybrid lines bringing to a common genetic background (i.e. F1 hybrids between line MP-1 and MM) each of the two transgenes separately and the two transgenes together the effect of various drought stress regimes including recovery from a short and longer duration of complete water withhold as well as performance under chronic stresses imposed by reducing water supply to 75-25% of the control irrigation regime could be studied. Under all the tested conditions in Israel, for well established plants grown in 3L pots or larger, none of the transgenic lines exhibited a reproducible significantly better drought tolerance compare to the parental lines. Still, examining the performance of these hybrids under the growth practices followed in the USA is called for. (3) Young seedlings of none of the identified introgression lines including the S. pennellii homologs of two of the H+-PPase genes and one of the FAD7 genes performed better than line M82 upon irrigation withhold. However, differences in the general canopy structures between the IL lines and M82 might mask such differences if existing. (4). Over-expression of FAD3 in the background of line MP-1 was found to confer significant tolerance to three important pest insects in tomato: Bordered Straw (Heliothis peltigera), Egyptian cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis) and Western Flower Thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis). Implications: Although the original hypothesis that pyramiding these two trasgenes could improve drought tolerance was not supported, the unexpected positive impact on herbivore deterring, as well as the changes in dynamics of JA biosynthesis in response to wounding and the profound changes in expression of wound response genes calls for deciphering the exact linolenic acid derived signaling molecule mediating this response. This will further facilitate breeding for herbivore pest and mechanical stress tolerance based on this pathway.
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Jordan, Ramon L., Abed Gera, Hei-Ti Hsu, Andre Franck, and Gad Loebenstein. Detection and Diagnosis of Virus Diseases of Pelargonium. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568793.bard.

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Pelargonium (Geranium) is the number one pot plant in many areas of the United States and Europe. Israel and the U.S. send to Europe rooted cuttings, foundation stocks and finished plants to supply a certain share of the market. Geraniums are propagated mainly vegetatively from cuttings. Consequently, viral diseases have been and remain a major threat to the production and quality of the crop. Among the viruses isolated from naturally infected geraniums, 11 are not specific to Pelargonium and occur in other crops while 6 other viruses seem to be limited to geranium. However, several of these viruses are not sufficiently characterized to conclude that they are distinct agents and their nomenclature and taxonomy are confusing. The ability to separate, distinguish and detect the different viruses in geranium will overcome obstacles te developing effective detection and certification schemes. Our focus was to further characterize some of these viruses and develop better methods for their detection and control. These viruses include: isolates of pelargonium line pattern virus (PLPV), pelargonium ringspot virus (PelRSV), pelargonium flower break virus (PFBV), pelargonium leaf curl (PLCV), and tomato ringspot virus (TomRSV). Twelve hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies specific to a geranium isolate of TomRSV were produced. These antibodies are currently being characterized and will be tested for the ability to detect TomRSV in infected geraniums. The biological, biochemical and serological properties of four isometric viruses - PLPV, PelRSV, and PFBV (and a PelRSV-like isolate from Italy called GR57) isolated from geraniums exhibiting line and ring pattern or flower break symptoms - and an isolate ol elderbeny latent virus (ELV; which the literature indicates is the same as PelRSV) have been determined Cloned cDNA copies of the genomic RNAs of these viruses were sequenced and the sizes and locations of predicted viral proteins deduced. A portion of the putative replicase genes was also sequenced from cloned RT-PCR fragments. We have shown that, when compared to the published biochemical and serological properties, and sequences and genome organizations of other small isometric plant viruses, all of these viruses should each be considered new, distinct members of the Carmovirus group of the family Tombusviridae. Hybridization assays using recombinant DNA probes also demonstrated that PLPV, PelRSV, and ELV produce only one subgenomic RNA in infected plants. This unusual property of the gene expression of these three viruses suggests that they are unique among the Carmoviruses. The development of new technologies for the detection of these viruses in geranium was also demonstrated. Hybridization probes developed to PFBV (radioactively-labeled cRNA riboprobes) and to PLPV (non-radioactive digoxigenin-labeled cDNAs) were generally shown to be no more sensitive for the detection of virus in infected plants than the standard ELISA serology-based assays. However, a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay was shown to be over 1000 times more sensitive in detecting PFBV in leaf extracts of infected geranium than was ELISA. This research has lead to a better understanding of the identity of the viruses infecting pelargonium and to the development of new tools that can be used in an improved scheme of providing virus-indexed pelargonium plants. The sequence information, and the serological and cloned DNA probes generated from this work, will allow the application of these new tools for virus detection, which will be useful in domestic and international indexing programs which are essential for the production of virus-free germplasm both for domestic markets and the international exchange of plant material.
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Gray, J. H. HB-Line Dissolution of Glovebox Floor Sweepings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/644591.

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5

French, Erin. Art is the Flower, Life is the Green Leaf. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University. Library, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa.8281.

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Grumet, Rebecca, Rafael Perl-Treves, and Jack Staub. Ethylene Mediated Regulation of Cucumis Reproduction - from Sex Expression to Fruit Set. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7696533.bard.

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Reproductive development is a critical determinant of agricultural yield. For species with unisexual flowers, floral secualdifferentation adds additional complexity, that can influenec productivity. The hormone ethylene has long, been known to play a primary role in sex determination in the Cucumis species cucumber (C. sativus) and melon (C. melo). Our objectives were to: (1) Determine critical sites of ethylene production and perception for sex determination; (2) Identify additional ethylene related genes associated with sex expression; and (3) Examine the role of environment ami prior fruit set on sex expression, pistillate flower maturation, and fruit set. We made progress in each of these areas. (1) Transgenic melon produced with the Arabidopsis dominant negative ethylene perception mutant gene, etrl-1, under the control of floral primordia targeted promoters [AP3 (petal and stamen) and CRC (carpel and nectary)], showed that ethylene perception by the stamen primordia, rather than carpel primordia, is critical for carpel development at the time of sex determination. Transgenic melons also were produced with the ethylene production enzyme gene. ACS, encoding l-aminocyclopropane-lcarboylate synthase, fused to the AP3 or CRC promoters. Consistent with the etr1-1 results, CRC::ACS did not increase femaleness; however, AP3::ACS reduced or eliminated male flower production. The effects of AP3:ACS were stronger than those of 35S::ACS plants, demonstratin g the importance of targeted expression, while avoiding disadvantages of constitutive ethylene production. (2) Linkage analysis coupled with SNP discovery was per formed on ethylene and floral development genes in cucumber populations segregating for the three major sex genes. A break-through towards cloning the cucumber M gene occurred when the melon andromonoecious gene (a), an ACS gene, was cloned in 2008. Both cucumber M and melon a suppress stamen development in pistillate flowers. We hypothesized that cucumber M could be orthologous to melon a, and found that mutations in CsACS2 co-segregated perfectly with the M gene. We also sought to identify miRNA molecules associated with sex determination. miRNA159, whose target in Arabidopsis is GAMYB[a transcription factor gene mediating response to10 gibberellin (GA)], was more highly expressed in young female buds than male. Since GA promotes maleness in cucumber, a micro RNA that counteracts GAMYB could promote femaleness. miRNA157, which in other plants targets transcription factors involved in flower development , was expressed in young male buds and mature flower anthers. (3) Gene expression profiling showed that ethylene-, senescence-, stress- and ubiquitin-related genes were up-regulated in senescing and inhibited fruits, while those undergoing successful fruit set up-regulated photosynthesis, respiration and metabolic genes. Melon plants can change sex expression in response to environmental conditions, leading to changes in yield potential. Unique melon lines with varying sex expression were developed and evaluated in the field in Hancock, Wisconsin . Environmental changes during the growing season influenced sex expression in highly inbred melon lines. Collectively these results are of significance for understanding regulation of sex expression. The fact that both cucumber sex loci identified so far (F and M) encode isoforms of the same ethylene synthesis enzyme, underscores the importance of ethylene as the main sex determining hormone in cucumber. The targeting studies give insight into developmental switch points and suggest a means to develop lines with earlier carpel-bearing flower production and fruit set. These results are of significance for understanding regulation of sex expression to facilitate shorter growing seasons and earlier time to market. Field results provide information for development of management strategies for commercial production of melon cultivars with different sex expression characteristics during fruit production.
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7

Steimke, J. Calculation of Flows for HB Line Eductor Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/776401.

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8

Habib, Ayman, Darcy M. Bullock, Yi-Chun Lin, and Raja Manish. Road Ditch Line Mapping with Mobile LiDAR. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317354.

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Maintenance of roadside ditches is important to avoid localized flooding and premature failure of pavements. Scheduling effective preventative maintenance requires mapping of the ditch profile to identify areas requiring excavation of long-term sediment accumulation. High-resolution, high-quality point clouds collected by mobile LiDAR mapping systems (MLMS) provide an opportunity for effective monitoring of roadside ditches and performing hydrological analyses. This study evaluated the applicability of mobile LiDAR for mapping roadside ditches for slope and drainage analyses. The performance of alternative MLMS units was performed. These MLMS included an unmanned ground vehicle, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a portable backpack system along with its vehicle-mounted version, a medium-grade wheel-based system, and a high-grade wheel-based system. Point cloud from all the MLMS units were in agreement in the vertical direction within the ±3 cm range for solid surfaces, such as paved roads, and ±7 cm range for surfaces with vegetation. The portable backpack system that could be carried by a surveyor or mounted on a vehicle and was the most flexible MLMS. The report concludes that due to flexibility and cost effectiveness of the portable backpack system, it is the preferred platform for mapping roadside ditches, followed by the medium-grade wheel-based system. Furthermore, a framework for ditch line characterization is proposed and tested using datasets acquired by the medium-grade wheel-based and vehicle-mounted portable systems over a state highway. An existing ground filtering approach is modified to handle variations in point density of mobile LiDAR data. Hydrological analyses, including flow direction and flow accumulation, are applied to extract the drainage network from the digital terrain model (DTM). Cross-sectional/longitudinal profiles of the ditch are automatically extracted from LiDAR data and visualized in 3D point clouds and 2D images. The slope derived from the LiDAR data was found to be very close to highway cross slope design standards of 2% on driving lanes, 4% on shoulders, as well as 6-by-1 slope for ditch lines. Potential flooded regions are identified by detecting areas with no LiDAR return and a recall score of 54% and 92% was achieved by the medium-grade wheel-based and vehicle-mounted portable systems, respectively. Furthermore, a framework for ditch line characterization is proposed and tested using datasets acquired by the medium-grade wheel-based and vehicle-mounted portable systems over a state highway. An existing ground filtering approach is modified to handle variations in point density of mobile LiDAR data. Hydrological analyses, including flow direction and flow accumulation, are applied to extract the drainage network from the digital terrain model (DTM). Cross-sectional/longitudinal profiles of the ditch are automatically extracted from LiDAR data, and visualized in 3D point clouds and 2D images. The slope derived from the LiDAR data was found to be very close to highway cross slope design standards of 2% on driving lanes, 4% on shoulder, as well as 6-by-1 slope for ditch lines. Potential flooded regions are identified by detecting areas with no LiDAR return and a recall score of 54% and 92% was achieved by the medium-grade wheel-based and vehicle-mounted portable systems, respectively.
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9

Ouyang, Shumiao, Jiaheng Yu, and Ravi Jagannathan. Life Cycle Cash Flows of Ventures. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27690.

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10

Tutterow, Vestal, Don Casada, and Aimee McKane. Pumping systems efficiency improvements flow straight to thebottom line. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/894552.

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