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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "FLAT BED"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "FLAT BED"

1

Coleman, Stephen E., and Bruce W. Melville. "Initiation of Bed Forms on a Flat Sand Bed." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 122, no. 6 (June 1996): 301–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1996)122:6(301).

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2

IZUMI, Norihiro, and Satomi YAMAGUCHI. "THE DUNE-FLAT BED TRANSITION REVISITED." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu B 62, no. 4 (2006): 360–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejb.62.360.

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Pollak, V. A., and J. Schulze-clewing. "Electronic Scanning for Flat Bed Densitometry." Journal of Liquid Chromatography 11, no. 7 (May 1988): 1387–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01483918808067181.

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4

Grassini-Strazza, G., V. Carunchio, and A. M. Girelli. "Flat-bed chromatography on impregnated layers." Journal of Chromatography A 466 (January 1989): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9673(01)84615-x.

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5

KARUNAKARAN, V., and U. K. BEHERA. "Influence of sequential tillage and residue management practices on soil and root parameters in soybean (Glycine max) - wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 85, no. 2 (February 10, 2015): 182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v85i2.46485.

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A field study was conducted in 2009-10 and 2010-11 at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to assess the effect of sequential tillage and crop establishment and residue management practices on soil health and root parameters in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] - wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system. The results pertaining to the experiments at the end of the two year study revealed that most of the soil properties except infiltration rate and microbial biomass carbon (MBC); and root parameters of both crops except root length density (RLD) and average root diameter of wheat were non-significant by the sequential tillage and crop establishment treatments. Unlike sequential tillage and crop establishment techniques, all soil properties except bulk density, pH, EC and root parameters of both soybean and wheat responded significantly to the residue management practices. The infiltration rate was significantly higher with skipping the sequence of CT-Flat by ZT-Flat. Skipping the sequence of CT-Flat and bed with ZT-Flat and bed recorded higher soil mean weight diameter (MWD) and grand mean diameter (GMD) at 0- 10 cm soil depth than the counterpart by skipping of ZT-Flat and bed with CT-Flat and bed. The percentage of soil macro-aggregate was high by skipping ZT-Flat and bed with CT-flat and bed at all depths while the reverse was exhibited in case of percentage soil micro-aggregates by skipping CT-Flat and bed with ZT-Flat and bed. By skipping CT-flat and bed with ZT-flat and bed significantly higher soil MBC was recorded than the counterpart skipping tillage treatments. The same significant trend was also exhibited for soil MBC with residue management treatments, where the wheat + soybean residue application recorded 20.90 % higher than the control. Root parameters like RLD, root surface area (RSA), root volume density (RVD), average root diameter (ARD) in soybean while these were partly non-significant (RSD and RVD) in wheat with the sequential tillage and crop establishment treatments, whereas the residue management practices significantly influenced the root parameters of both the crops. Among the residue management practices, wheat + soybean residue obtained higher RLD (2.57 and 1.03 cm/cm3); RSA (0.79 and 0.32 cm2/cm3); RVD (18.11 and 7.46 Ã— 10-3 cm3/cm3) and average root diameter (1.04 and 0.85 mm) both in soybean and wheat crops than rest of the treatments. Thus, impact of short-term zero tillage is short lived for favourable soil health and root parameters when skipping with conventional tillage.

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Funt, Richard C., Mark C. Schmittgen, and Glen O. Schwab. "Raised Beds and Microirrigation Influence Peach Production." HortScience 32, no. 4 (July 1997): 677–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.4.677.

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The performance of peach trees [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. Redhaven/Siberian C.] on raised beds as compared to the conventional flat (unraised) orchard floor surface was evaluated from 1982 to 1991. The raised bed was similar to the flat bed in cation exchange capacity (CEC), Ca, P, K, Mg, B, and Zn soil levels in the 0-15 cm depth. Microirrigation, using two 3.7 L.h-1 emitters per tree vs. no irrigation, was applied to trees planted in a north-south orientation on a silt loam, noncalcareous soil. Raised beds increased trunk cross-sectional area (TCA) and yield-efficiency over 5 years. Irrigation increased fruit mass mostly in years of highest evaporation. Significant year to year variations occurred in yield, fruit mass, TCA and yield efficiency. There were significant bed × year interactions for yield and TCA. Irrigation increased leaf boron content regardless of bed type. Leaf potassium was higher in flat beds. Nonirrigated trees had the lowest tree survival on the flat bed, but the opposite was true on the raised bed.

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Harrison, Helen C., and Jack E. Staub. "Effects of Sludge, Bed, and Genotype on Cucumber Growth and Elemental Concentrations in Fruit and Peel." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 111, no. 2 (March 1986): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.111.2.205.

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Abstract Three cucumber hybrids (Cucumis sativus ‘County Fair’, ‘Calypso’, and ‘Southern Belle’) were grown in order to determine the effects of sludge application, bed type, and genotype on elemental concentration in edible plant tissue, vegetative growth, and crop yield. Actual and available soil elemental levels and soil temperature were recorded. Plants were grown in replicated field plots of silt loam amended with 90 MT/ha/year of industrial or municipal sludge and a control with no sludge application. Three bed types were used — level or flat bed, 15-cm raised bed, and 15-cm raised bed of unamended topsoil over prepared flat bed (overcover bed). Sludge and bed type had no effect on soil temperature. Highest yields were obtained from ‘County Fair’ grown on flat beds amended with municipal sludge. Consistent differences were found among genotypes for elemental accumulation in fruit and peel, with ‘Calypso’ showing the lowest levels for all elements when significant differences occurred. Sludge and bed effects on fruit and peel elemental accumulation were variable among years and elements.

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SHARMA, A. R., and U. K. BEHERA. "RESPONSE OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM) TO NITROGEN FERTILIZATION UNDER VARYING TILLAGE AND CROP ESTABLISHMENT PRACTICES IN GREENGRAM (VIGNA RADIATA)–WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM." Experimental Agriculture 52, no. 4 (January 14, 2016): 605–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479715000277.

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SUMMARYWheat grown under zero tillage (ZT) and raised-bed following a legume crop may have a variable N requirement compared with conventionally-tilled flat-sown crop. A field experiment was conducted for two years during 2005–07 to study the effect of varying tillage (conventional and zero), crop establishment (flat and raised-bed sowing) and N fertilization (0–160 kg N ha−1) on wheat grown after greengram at New Delhi, India. Rainy-season greengram performed equally well under flat and raised-bed planting, but the seed yield was 25.9% lower under ZT than conventional tillage (CT) conditions. Wheat following greengram during winter season also showed better growth and yield under CT than ZT, as well as under flat sowing than furrow-irrigated raised-bed (FIRB) system. The grain yield was highest under CT-flat, and decreased by 5.4–9.4% under FIRB system. Nitrogen fertilization up to 120 kg N ha−1under CT and 160 kg N ha−1under ZT increased grain yield, and the optimum doses were worked out to be 147.1 and 154.2 kg ha−1, respectively. Nitrogen-use efficiency decreased with N levels but remained more or less similar under tillage and crop establishment practices. Maximum returns and B:C ratio were obtained under CT-flat, followed closely by ZT-flat.

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9

Sulzbach, LM, BH Munro, and Hirshfeld JWJr. "A randomized clinical trial of the effect of bed position after PTCA." American Journal of Critical Care 4, no. 3 (May 1, 1995): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1995.4.3.221.

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BACKGROUND: After percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, prolonged supine bedrest with the bed flat frequently causes back pain. This study was conducted to examine whether percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty patients could adjust their bed position to make themselves comfortable without increasing the frequency or severity of bleeding complications. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the risk of bleeding increased in patients who were allowed to use their bed controls to make themselves comfortable, and if the difference in comfort was significant between patients who controlled and elevated their bed position and patients who remained flat in bed. METHOD: A randomized clinical trial was conducted; 54 patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty were randomly assigned to either the control group, in which patients remained flat in bed, or the experimental group, in which they controlled their bed position. Outcome measures included amount of bleeding at the catheter sites and patient comfort. RESULTS: No difference in the amount of bleeding at catheter insertion sites was found between the two groups. Few subjects reported pain at any time. Back pain at dinner and bedtime was higher in the control group, but only the bedtime difference was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: We conclude that patients may be allowed to adjust their bed position to 30 degrees for comfort without incurring increased risk of catheter entry site bleeding and that requiring patients to remain flat in bed has no scientific basis.

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10

NABI, Mohamed, Kosuke HORIUCHI, Yasuyuki SHIMIZU, and Ichiro KIMURA. "COMPUTATIONAL MODELLING OF FLUVIAL FLAT BED REGIME." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 69, no. 4 (2013): I_103—I_108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejhe.69.i_103.

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Дисертації з теми "FLAT BED"

1

Iatridis, D. "The modelling of flat fluidised photoreactors." Thesis, University of Bath, 1988. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384596.

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Xie, Pinhua. "Positive yarn feed system for flat-bed knitting machines." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488271.

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3

Fernando, W. Anura. "Manufacture of engineered compression systems using latest flat-bed knitting technology." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.525911.

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4

Ying, Ker-Jen. "Lift on a sphere in shear flow near flat channel bed." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39966.

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5

Ijaiya, Rufikat A. "Knittability of three-dimensional shell shapes on a flat-bed knitting machine." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488241.

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Alsulami, Abdullah Ali. "Towards quantitative 3D broadband ultrasound characterisation of breast lesions." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/68271/1/Abdullah%20Ali_Alsulami_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis describes the development and scientific validation of a real-time quantitative 3D flat-bed ultrasound scanner. Novel short-time Fourier transform software facilitated broadband ultrasound attenuation maps of a breast phantom, enabling detection and identification of both cystic and solid lesions.

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7

Power, Eliza Jessie. "A study of flat-bed knitting technology for three-dimensional shells knitted from high performance yarns." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488437.

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Hoohlo, Changela. "A numerical and experimental study of open-channel flow in a pipe of circular cross-section with a flat bed." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/386.

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Uniform open-channel flow in a pipe of circular cross-section with a flat bed, is studied by experiment and numerical modelling. A pipe of diameter D= 305 nun, and mild bed slopes So = 4.63 x 10-4and 9.27 x 10-4was, studied - the former slope only by experiment. The bed thicknesses( e), e/D = 0.141, and 0.285 were studied experimentally and numerically, with e/D = 0.020, studied only numerically. Five flow depths (Y. ) were studied; (Y. +e)/D = 0.3,0.4 (and 0.416), 0.5,0.667, and 0.751. A smooth bed and bed roughnessesd,5 o= 0.93,4.20, and 1.71 mm were also used. Mono-chromatic Laser Doppler Anemometry (ILDA) was used to measure the local mean longitudinal (primary), and vertical velocities, and their respective turbulence intensifies. The primary velocity contours display dipped maxima and bulging towards the comer. The inwardly-curving side-walls slightly modify these contours. In each channel half there is a surface cell and a bottom cell. These move high momentum fluid away from the centreline towards the comer zone. The primmy and secondary flows are largely similar to those in rectangular channels. The wall shear force ratios obtained by the Vanoni-Brooks separation technique follow the empirical trend from various channel types. Similarity laws for the longitudinal mean velocity in the comer-influenced zones are proposed. The numerical model is based on the SIMPLE technique, and computes the flow on a Cartesian grid, using a non-linear k-e turbulence model with wall functions. The model boundary conditions were modified to reflect the effects of the comers, the curved side-wall, and a roughened bed. Model predictions of the primary mean velocities, and centreline turbulence intensities, are close to the experimental and empirical distributions. Primary velocity predictions for e/D = 0.020 compare well to the case of a clear pipe flowing part-fiffl. The predicted secondary flows are largely similar to the experimental patterns. Usage of a small mesh size (e. g. when (YO + e)/D < 0.5) results in side-wall points lying within the larninar sublayer, leading to inaccurate secondary flow prediction by the k-e model. As in rectangular channels, the predicted local boundary shear stress decreases from the centreline along the bed and minimises at the comer. On the side-walls, the model overpredicts the local boundary shear stresses. Nonetheless, computed wall shear force ratio values follow the empirical trend.

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Haffenden, Victoria. "The application of existing digitally-controlled flat-bed weft knitting to fashion knitwear for the individual body shape of women, particularly those above UK standard sizes." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2012. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/84665223-670b-4c5b-a925-cd09081ea856.

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The primary aim of this practice based research was to develop, for the first time, a new combination of knitting methods which created knitted garments for larger size women that uniquely did not rely on stretch to fit their body shape. Through working with real women, an innovative capsule collection of custom-fitted knitwear toiles incorporating 3D knitted shape was produced which positively demonstrated the originality, effectiveness and significance ofthe outcomes. This research therefore focused on developing knitwear with an improved fit for the individual body shapes of a cohort of women over a UK size 16. In 2004, publicly available information from SizeUK indicated that the average women's size in the UK was a size 16. However following a literature search, and in conjunction with primary data from this research, it became evident that women over a size 16 were experiencing dissatisfaction with clothing fit. This disjunction formed an early driver for the research idea and helped to form the research framework that spanned three main areas: clothing fit, larger female body shape and mass knitwear manufacture. The research has been necessarily set in the wider context of debates on larger women's self-image and their relationship with fashion. Interviews and an online survey provided primary data on clothing fit, clothing choices, shopping experience, body image, body cathexis and self perception in relation to clothing. A case study research method was developed that resolved ethical issues which arose when working with participants. Prior to knit sampling, a hierarchy of desirable technical and aesthetic knit qualities was established, and a design process comparable to that in industry adopted in order to place this research in a 'real' commercial context. The knitwear was developed from manually acquired measurements and 3D body scanned data, using specific measurement protocols developed by the research for measuring larger size. Objective and subjective evaluation of the knitwear employing wrinkle-analysis, fit and comfort tests informed a final design development process that ran parallel to commercial examples. Amongst the final outcomes of this research is a library of visual digital templates derived from the knit programming, which offers a transferable new resource for future industrial developments of this process. Their particular and unique value is to contribute information to the emerging field of mass-customisation of knitwear and larger sized clothing as recommended for EU development by the SERVIVE report of 2010. This research concluded, as a significant contribution to new knowledge in the field of larger sized fashion knitwear, that improving the fit of knitwear for larger women by removing the fit-by-stretch factor (a major style and psychological drawback for these consumers), enhanced wearing experience and enthused the wearer towards the garment.

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Pawlowicz, Jakub. "Evaluation of air entraining behaviour in concrete using computer aided methods on hardened samples." Thesis, KTH, Betongbyggnad, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264752.

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Increasing awareness of sustainability in the concrete industry forces structural design and executionto focus on avoiding costly and unpredictable maintenance action, instead paying higher attention todamage prevention by direct actions on early stages of production. One of such approaches, whichdeals with the problem of freezing and thawing deterioration, is intentional air bubble introductionto the concrete mix. However, the mechanism of air entrainment in concrete can be negativelyaffected on different stages of production by many factors including cement type, admixture dosage,casting conditions or mixing procedure. Therefore, reliable tools for the end-product evaluationought to be considered. The experimental study, presented in this work, focuses on understandingthe blast furnace slag (BFS) influence as well as admixtures’ dosage effect on pore structure ofhardened concrete. Three types of cement were evaluated, including ordinary portland cement(OPC) and two types of CEM III cements with different BFS percentage. The optimal amountsof air entraining agent (AEA) and super plasticizer (SP) were chosen and later reduced in orderto evaluate their impact on total air content, spacing factor and specific surface of the air voids.The main method chosen for this evaluation was the use of an office flat-bed scanner to acquireimages and application of BubbleCounter software for the analysis of the air void structure. Thisapproach is based on linear traverse method and requires special surface treatment for contrastenhancement. Specimens for the analysis were cut from hardened concrete cubes and polishedto achieve a flat surface. The samples were later treated with black ink and zinc oxide paste toachieve a clear contrast between white voids and black paste/aggregate area. In order to estimatethe accuracy of this method, more conventional tools such as pressurised gauge method and air voidanalyser were applied for comparison. Resulted mixtures showed significant differences in air voidproperties between OPC and BFS containing concrete, with the latter being less affected by AEAdosage reduction. Changes in spacing factor and specific surface were also registered; however,their deterioration did not follow the same pattern as that of total air content. No significantdeviation between the two cements containing BFS was observed. An interesting effect of the usedpolycarboxylate ether SP on the AEA reactivity was registered, showing deterioration of air voidproperties with the decrease of plasticizer amount. Comparison of the results from different air voidanalysis methods, suggested an overall agreement on the measured air void system changes due tochanging the AEA content. However, the BubbleCounter software tended to slightly overestimatethe material’s resistance to freeze and thaw phenomenon, giving the most optimistic values inspacing factor and specific surface of air voids.
Betongindustrins ökande medvetenhet om hållbarhet leder till att man inom dimensionering ochutförande fokuserar mot att undvika kostnadskrävande och oförutsedda underhållsåtgärder ochistället lägga större vikt på att förebygga skador i produktionens tidiga skeden. En av dessaåtgärder, som hanterar problemet frostnedbrytning, är en medveten inblandning av luftbubblor ibetongen. Mekanismen för att skapa luftporssystemet kan emellertid bli negativt påverkad underolika skeden av produktionen av många faktorer såsom cementtyp, tillsatsmedelsdos, gjutvillkoroch blandningsordning. Därför behöver man reflektera över pålitliga verktyg för utvärderingenav slutprodukten. Den experimentella studien, som presenteras i detta arbete, fokuserar motförståelse hur slagg och tillsatsmedelsdos påverkar den hårdnade betongens luftporssystem. Tretyper av cement utvärderades, dels ett normalt portlandcement, dels två typer av CEM III-cementmed olika andelar av slagg. Optimala mängder av luftporbildare och flyttillsatsmedel valdesmen reducerades senare för att undersöka deras inverkan på totalt luftinnehåll samt luftporernasavståndsfaktor och specifika yta. Den huvudsakliga metoden som valdes för denna utvärderingvar en flatbäddsscanner (kontorsmodell) för att ta bilder och användningen av en programvaravid namn BubbleCounter för att analysera luftporssystemet. Detta tillvägagångssätt baseras påanalys av tvärgående linjer och kräver en speciell behandling av ytan för att åstadkomma kontraster.Provkroppar för analysen sågades ut ur hårdnade betongkuber och polerades för att erhålla en jämnyta. Provkropparna var senare behandlade med svart bläck och zinkoxidpasta för att åstadkomma entydlig kontrast mellan de vita porerna och den svarta ytan av cementpasta och ballast. För att studeranoggrannheten hos denna metod användes som jämförelse även mer konventionella metoder sommätningar med trycksatta givare och luftporsanalys. De framtagna blandningarna visade signifikantaskillnader i luftporernas egenskaper mellan betong med normalt portlandcement och betong medslaggcement, där den senare påverkades i mindre grad av reduktioner i dosen luftporbildare.Förändringar I avståndsfaktor och specifik yta noterades också men försämringen följde inte sammamönster som den för totala luftinnehållet. Ingen signifikant skillnad mellan de två cementeninnehållande slagg kunde observeras. En intressant inverkan av det använda polykarboxylateterbaseradeflyttillsatsmedlet på luftporbildarens reaktivitet noterades. Den visade en försämringav luftporernas egenskaper vid en reduktion av mängden flyttillsatsmedel. En jämförelse avresultaten från de olika metoderna för luftporsanalys indikerade en övergripande överensstämmelsegällande de uppmätta luftporssystemens förändring p.g.a. förändringar i mängden luftporbildare.Programvaran BubbleCounter tenderade emellertid att något överskatta materialets motstånd motfrostnedbrytning med de mest optimistiska värdena för luftporernas avståndsfaktor och specifikayta.

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Книги з теми "FLAT BED"

1

Tavman-Yilmaz, M. B. The development of flat-bed machine technology and knitted fabric design. Manchester: UMIST, 1994.

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2

Nilsson, Marie I. A study of knitting spacer fabrics on a modern electronic flat-bed knitting machine. Manchester: UMIST, 1998.

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3

Karakaya, Hasan. On-line course length measurement on a flat bed knitting machine using an optical method. Manchester: UMIST, 1992.

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4

Time for bed: Flip-flap fun. Somerville, Massachusetts: Candlewick Press, 2014.

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5

Orcutt, Jane. Rally 'round the flag. Carmel, N.Y: Guideposts, 2005.

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6

Bijsterbosch, Anita. My bed. New York: Clavis Publishing, 2018.

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7

ill, Morozumi Atsuko 1955, ed. Time for bed. Denton, TX: Mathew Price Limited, 2009.

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Price, Mathew. Time for bed. Denton, TX: Mathew Price Limited, 2009.

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Price, Mathew. Time for bed. Denton, TX: Mathew Price Limited, 2009.

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10

Cousins, Lucy. Maisy goes to bed. Cambridge, MA: Candlewick Press, 2006.

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Частини книг з теми "FLAT BED"

1

Philp, Robin J. "Two-Dimensional PAGE Using Flat-Bed IEF in the First Dimension." In Springer Protocols Handbooks, 139–42. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-259-9_22.

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2

Gotanda, Rumi, Toshizo Katsuda, Tatsuhiro Gotanda, Nobuyoshi Tanki, Hidetoshi Yatake, Yasuyuki Kawaji, Tadao Kuwano, et al. "Temporal Characterization of the Flat-Bed Scanner Influencing Dosimetry Using Radiochromic Film." In IFMBE Proceedings, 537–39. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-9023-3_97.

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Chevez, Agustin. "Life at 4.6 km/h." In The Pilgrim’s Guide to the Workplace, 41–44. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4759-9_13.

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AbstractBefore setting out on the walk, I had read books about pilgrimages and the practicalities of long-distance trekking. I got inspiration from the former and good tips from the latter. Hot tip: if your hair stands on end, you should drop on your knees and bend forward, but not lie flat on the floor, because lightning is about to strike you.

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Sha, Y., Y. X. Wang, G. Y. Wang, G. W. Li, and Z. J. Chen. "Experimental Study on Response of Submarine Pipeline over Flat Beds in Steady Flow." In New Trends in Fluid Mechanics Research, 332–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75995-9_104.

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Zaha, Hisamitsu. "Latissimus Dorsi Flap Reconstruction with Inverted T Mastectomy: Bad Result." In Oncoplastic Breast Surgery, 221–23. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1874-0_49.

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6

Barankay, Thomas. "Die E-Mail-Flut kanalisieren. Routing elektronischer Post bei einem E-Mail-Dienstleister." In Customer Care Center professionell managen, 149–59. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-88931-7_10.

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Ray, Sadhan Chandra. "Flat bed knitting." In Fundamentals and Advances in Knitting Technology, 101–16. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9780857095558.101.

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8

"flat bed knitting machine." In The Fairchild Books Dictionary of Textiles. Fairchild Books, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781501365072.6313.

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"flat bed screen printing." In The Fairchild Books Dictionary of Textiles. Fairchild Books, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781501365072.6314.

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"V-bed flat knitting machine." In The Fairchild Books Dictionary of Textiles. Fairchild Books, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781501365072.17347.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "FLAT BED"

1

Lyn, D. A. "Review of Models for Flat-bed Sediment-laden Flows." In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)296.

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2

Kos'yan, R., H. Kunz, S. Kuznetsov, I. Podymov, and N. Pykhov. "Sediment Suspension under Shoaling Waves over Nearly Flat Bed." In Fourth Conference on Coastal Dynamics. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40566(260)33.

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3

Takiguchi, Takahiro, Sachiko Abe, Norimichi Tsumura, Toshiya Nakaguchi, Fumio Nakaya, Hirokazu Ichikawa, Yuji Minato, Kimiyoshi Miyata, and Yoichi Miyake. "Designing flat-bed scanning system for spectral and glossiness recording." In Electronic Imaging 2006, edited by Mitchell R. Rosen, Francisco H. Imai, and Shoji Tominaga. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.642837.

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4

Szajner, A., Jan Stasiek, and M. W. Collins. "HEAT TRANSFER TO A FLAT PLATE SUBMERGED IN A SPOUTED BED." In International Heat Transfer Conference 10. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihtc10.4440.

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5

Isemin, Rafail L., Sergey N. Kuzmin, Nikolay B. Kondukov, Alexsandr V. Mikhalev, Ekaterina V. Budkova, and Valentin V. Konayahin. "On Effect of Air-Separating Grid on Low-Grade Solid Fuels Combustion in a Fluidized Bed." In 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78037.

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In furnaces and other types of fluidized bed reactors one can easily observe gas bubbles flow and fluid jet preferable rise zones where solid particles in form of fountains are carried away from the layer. Let us call these layers as zones of local flowing. We assume that in these zones of local flowing occurs the removal of unburned fuel particles from fluidized bed. It results in heat leakage up to 20–40% due to mechanical imperfection of fuel combustion in types of vessels with fluidized bed furnaces. We investigated particles with diameter of 2,5–3,0 mm motion and local flowing zones formation in a model column of 172 mm in diameter at room temperature. Experimental application of air-separating grid enabled to form at the layer input “flat” and “convex” air velocity line. At the “flat” line the air distributed uniformly on the input section of the device. When the line was “convex” the air velocity at the layer input in the device center was twice higher than at the device periphery. It was found out that at “flat” line when air velocity increases there appeared zones of local flowing in the layer. To eliminate these zones one should increase the height of stationary particles layer. At “convex” line of input air velocity elimination of local flowing zones is possible by stable increase of air velocity or by lowering the height of stationary particles layer. It was concluded that for small fluidized bed fireboxes it is better to apply air-separating grids forming “convex” input air velocity line. The grid under discussion was manufactured to be applied in experimental fluidized bed firebox. There was carried out a detailed study of ordinary anthracite combustion in a firebox. It was established that at “convex” input air velocity line fuel loss due to entrainment amounted 2,0–2,5%. According to experimental results there were designed water boilers with heating efficiency from 300 up to 800 kilowatt. In these water boilers there was applied the grid forming “convex” input air velocity line. During tests there was burned culm (particle size from 0 up to 6 mm, heating efficiency of 20,6 MJ/ kg, output of volatile matter up to 6%, zoning 26,2–31,1%). Efficiency factor of these water boilers is 83–85% (without entrainment return to the firebox).

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6

Merkel, Ronny, and Claus Vielhauer. "On using flat bed scanners for the age determination of latent fingerprints." In the. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2361407.2361415.

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Dai, Yaqi, Liangyao Yu, Jian Song, and Wenzong Zhao. "The Differential Braking Steering Control of Special Purpose Flat-Bed Electric Vehicle." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0440.

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8

Sha, Yong, Yongxue Wang, and Lee M. Pearson. "Experimental Investigation on Dynamic Response of Submarine Pipeline Over Flat Beds in Waves." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29088.

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Model tests have been conducted on flexible submarine pipelines over flat beds in both regular and irregular waves and the second order effect induced by waves are concerned within the certain range of Keulegan-Carpenter numbers and Reynolds numbers. The tests were conducted in the wave flume with 55m in length, 4m in width and 2.5m in depth. The pipelines were made by flexible pipe with 60mm in diameter and placed at various distances from a flat bed. Gap to diameter ratio varies from 0.4 to 0.8 when the pipelines are not sagging. The wave period in the model tests is in the range from 0.8 to 2.0 and water depth is 0.4m. The Keulegan-Carpenter numbers are less than 8.0 and the Reynolds numbers are in the subcritical regime. Bending strain was measured by strain gauges bonded on the inner surface of the pipeline. The strain amplitudes and second order effect are analyzed and discussed against various Keulegan-Carpenter numbers and gaps between the pipeline and the flat bed.

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9

Kumaresan, Srirangam, Anthony Sances, John Hutchinson, and Keith Friedman. "Biomechanical Analysis of Pediatric Impact Head Injury: A 3-D Finite Element Modeling Approach." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/bed-23102.

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Abstract Infants and young children sustain head injury during falls and motor vehicle crashes. A better biomechanical understanding assists to mitigate the head injury in the pediatric population. A three-dimensional finite element model of an infant head was developed. The model included the cranial bone, sutures, fontanelles, brain and foramen magnum. The infant head was impacted with a stationary wall structure. Three types of walls (padded and unpadded flat walls, and unpadded cavity/edge wall) were used. The polypropylene and rigid materials were defined for the wall. Each analysis was conducted at an impact velocity of 6.7 and 8.9 m/sec. The cranial bone of the infant head sustained lower strain during the impact with the padded flat wall. The strain in the cranial bone increased considerably when the padding was removed. A further increase in the strain was observed during the impact with the unpadded cavity/edge wall. While the strain in the cranial bone was diffused under the padded flat wall impact, it was more concentrated under the unpadded cavity/edge wall impact condition.

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10

Pease, Leonard F., Michael J. Minette, and Judith Ann Bamberger. "Radial Wall Jet Flow Over Sigmoidal Surfaces." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24058.

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Abstract Radial wall jet flows across flat smooth surfaces have been studied for decades. These studies show that the radial velocity of these jets decays inversely with distance from the nozzle with modest contribution from friction (Poreh, et al., 1967; Rajaratnam, 1976). However, the extent to which flat surface results apply to curved surfaces remains unclear. In this paper we explore the influence of settled particle bed slope on radial wall jet velocity profiles. Jet flows over particle beds often introduce curvature in the particle bed profile, but the influence of the developed curvature on the velocity profile has not been explored. We model the step change in thickness as a sigmoidal curve of variable steepness and use conservation of momentum to evaluate the velocity profile for steady fixed beds. We find that surface curvature has a significant influence on the velocity decay coefficients, provided there is a slip velocity in the vicinity of the particle bed interface, which is strictly true for particle surfaces. We show that the velocity profile attenuates because of curvature. Indeed, conservation of momentum predicts conditions where the forward momentum of the flow is directed completely upward. The solution identifies two new dimensionless groups that determine whether a curved surface is sufficient to block radial flow and force flow vertically.

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Звіти організацій з теми "FLAT BED"

1

Krikorian, O. H., B. B. Ebbinghaus, and M. G. Adamson. An estimate of chlorine-induced volatilities of actinides in the Rocky Flats Plant Fluidized Bed Incinerator. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10130432.

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2

Svedeman. L51732 Fitness for Purpose Assessment Procedures for Sleeve Welds in Pipelines-Summary Report. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010265.

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Weld flaw acceptance criteria in the main body of the API 1104 pipeline code-Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities is based on 'good workmanship' criteria. In allowing relaxed flaw acceptance criteria, the achievement of a critical CTOD value ensures that the flaws will remain stable during installation and service. This document presents alternative flaw acceptance criteria for pipeline girth welds which are based on the philosophy of fitness-for-purpose. The alternative flaw acceptance criteria can be applied in situations where specified minimum fracture toughness values are achieved in crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) tests performed on specimens notched into both the weld metal and heat-affected zone (HAZ). The alternative flaw acceptance criteria presented in Appendix A of API 1104 are restricted specifically to pipeline girth welds. In comparison, the flaw acceptance criteria in API RP1107-Recommended Pipeline Maintenance Welding Practices-which deals with pipeline sleeve welds are based entirely on 'good workmanship' standards.

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3

Bass, B. R., W. J. McAfee, P. T. Williams, and W. E. Pennell. Fracture assessment of HSST Plate 14 shallow-flaw cruciform bend specimens tested under biaxial loading conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/296736.

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4

Leis, B. N., and N. D. Ghadiali. L51720 Pipe Axial Flaw Failure Criteria - PAFFC Version 1.0 Users Manual and Software. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011357.

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In the early 1970's, the Pipeline Research Council International, Inc.(PRCI) developed a failure criterion for pipes that had a predominately empirical basis. This criterion was based on flaw sixes that existed prior to pressurization and did not address possible growth due to the pressure in service or in a hydrostatic test or during the hold time at pressure in a hydrotest. So long as that criterion was used within the scope of the underlying database and empirical calibration, the results of its predictions were reasonably accurate. However, with the advent of newer steels and the related increased toughness that supported significant stable flaw growth, it became evident that this criterion should be updated. This updating led to the PRCI ductile flaw growth model (DFGM) that specifically accounted for the stable growth observed at flaws controlled by the steel's toughness and a limit-states analysis that addressed plastic-collapse at the flaw. This capability provided an accurate basis to assess flaw criticality in pipelines and also the means to develop hydrotest plans on a pipeline specific basis. Unfortunately, this enhanced capability came at the expense of increased complexity that made this new capability difficult to use on a day-today basis. To counter this complexity, this capability has been recast in the form of a PC computer program. Benefit: This topical report contains the computer program and technical manual for a failure criterion that will predict the behavior of an axially oriented, partially through the wall flaw in a pipeline. The model has been given the acronym PAFFC which stands for Pipe Axial Flaw Failure Criteria. PAFFC is an extension of a previously developed ductile flaw growth model, L51543, and can account for both a flaw's time dependent growth under pressure as well as its unstable growth leading to failure. As part of the output, the user is presented with a graphical depiction of the flaw sizes in terms of combinations of flaw length and depth, that will fail (or survive) a given operating or test pressure. As compared to existing criteria, this model provides a more accurate prediction of flaw behavior for a broad range of pipeline conditions.

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Leis and Brust. L51604 Ductile Fracture Properties of Selected Line Pipe Steels. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010213.

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The objective of this report is to present the ductile fracture properties needed to assess stable flaw growth. These properties are presented following a brief discussion of the analysis method being developed to provide the gas industry with an accurate and validated model for predicting growth of a flaw due to the effects of a hydrostatic test or hydrostatic retesting. The end product will be a validated model that predicts crack extension during the load and hold portion of a hydrotest, and subsequent operation. Test methods to develop these properties are presented along with discussion of data analysis. Results are presented for three line-pipe steels for the LT (through-wall axial flaw) orientation, for three levels of prestrain.

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6

Kirk. L51714 Development of Fitness-for-Purpose Assessment Procedures for Branch Welds. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), July 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010334.

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One major difficulty in developing fitness-for-purpose based flaw acceptance criteria for pipeline branch connections is the calculation of the stress distributions in the vicinity of the welds. Even with the latest computer aided modeling technologies, direct finite element modeling of branch connections using 3-D solid elements can be time consuming and cost prohibitive. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the possibility of using more computationally-efficient finite element approaches to determine the stress distributions local to branch connections. This report describes work to develop flaw acceptance criteria based on fitness-for-purpose principles for branch connections in pipelines. The effort concentrated on investigating finite element modeling methodologies to predict accurately the stress distributions local to branch connections. These stress distributions can be used to develop fitness-for-purpose based flaw acceptance criteria that are consistent with those already developed for girth welds.

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7

Ravazdezh, Faezeh, Julio A. Ramirez, and Ghadir Haikal. Improved Live Load Distribution Factors for Use in Load Rating of Older Slab and T-Beam Reinforced Concrete Bridges. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317303.

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This report describes a methodology for demand estimate through the improvement of load distribution factors in reinforced concrete flat-slab and T-beam bridges. The proposed distribution factors are supported on three-dimensional (3D) Finite Element (FE) analysis tools. The Conventional Load Rating (CLR) method currently in use by INDOT relies on a two-dimensional (2D) analysis based on beam theory. This approach may overestimate bridge demand as the result of neglecting the presence of parapets and sidewalks present in these bridges. The 3D behavior of a bridge and its response could be better modeled through a 3D computational model by including the participation of all elements. This research aims to investigate the potential effect of railings, parapets, sidewalks, and end-diaphragms on demand evaluation for purposes of rating reinforced concrete flat-slab and T-beam bridges using 3D finite element analysis. The project goal is to improve the current lateral load distribution factor by addressing the limitations resulting from the 2D analysis and ignoring the contribution of non-structural components. Through a parametric study of the slab and T-beam bridges in Indiana, the impact of selected parameters on demand estimates was estimated, and modifications to the current load distribution factors in AASHTO were proposed.

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8

Jia, Dan, and Yong-Yi Wang. PR-350-144501-R04 Characterization of Mechanical Properties of Vintage Girth Welds. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011635.

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The data generated in this project, in conjunction with the assessment procedures developed under PRCI project SIA-1-7, fill critical gaps in predicting the behavior of vintage girth welds. Cost-effective maintenance decisions can be made when integrity assessment can be performed with high confidence. This report covers the work done over four PRCI funding years. The material property data and flaw characteristics from 19 girth welds for Pipe and Weld Tensile Strengths and Weld Strength Mismatch, Charpy Impact Energy,Flaw Characteristics as Reported by NDE, Observations about NDE, and Performance of Girth Welds from CWT Tests

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9

Leis and Mohan. L51803 Failure Criterion for Stress-Corrosion Cracking in Pipelines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), September 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010327.

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Failures due to stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) generally involve several adjacent, parallel, deep cracks that because of their proximity coalesce to form long flaws, which can cause ruptures.Recent studies indicate that such multiple flaws cause a local increase in compliance as compared to a single crack that represents the largest of the cracks involved.This means that the failure pressure for such a group of cracks can be poorly represented by a single flaw failure criterion, such as the Pipe Axial Flaw Failure Criterion (PAFFC) developed for the Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. The objective of this project was to develop a failure criterion for the multiple flaw situations typical of SCC based on available literature data for a repeating pattern of cracks (a regular array of cracks). This report begins with a discussion of predicted failure pressures for several typical field failures due to SCC. This discussion clearly demonstrates significant errors in predicted failure pressure for the multiple cracking typical of SCC when the failure pressure is predicted in terms of available single-flaw failure criteria for part-through-wall flaws in pipelines. This is followed by an analysis based on available literature data. It is shown that the literature data fail to represent the essential features of typical patches of cracks that control SCC failures. Analysis representing realistic cracking patterns is then introduced and used in conjunction with PAFFC to show that very accurate predictions can be made if the typical nature of the SCC patch is embedded in the failure criterion.

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10

Cooper, Christopher, Jacob McDonald, and Eric Starkey. Wadeable stream habitat monitoring at Congaree National Park: 2018 baseline report. National Park Service, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286621.

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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) Wadeable Stream Habitat Monitoring Protocol collects data to give park resource managers insight into the status of and trends in stream and near-channel habitat conditions (McDonald et al. 2018a). Wadeable stream monitoring is currently implemented at the five SECN inland parks with wadeable streams. These parks include Horseshoe Bend National Military Park (HOBE), Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park (KEMO), Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park (OCMU), Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area (CHAT), and Congaree National Park (CONG). Streams at Congaree National Park chosen for monitoring were specifically targeted for management interest (e.g., upstream development and land use change, visitor use of streams as canoe trails, and potential social walking trail erosion) or to provide a context for similar-sized stream(s) within the park or network (McDonald and Starkey 2018a). The objectives of the SECN wadeable stream habitat monitoring protocol are to: Determine status of upstream watershed characteristics (basin morphology) and trends in land cover that may affect stream habitat, Determine the status of and trends in benthic and near-channel habitat in selected wadeable stream reaches (e.g., bed sediment, geomorphic channel units, and large woody debris), Determine the status of and trends in cross-sectional morphology, longitudinal gradient, and sinuosity of selected wadeable stream reaches. Between June 11 and 14, 2018, data were collected at Congaree National Park to characterize the in-stream and near-channel habitat within stream reaches on Cedar Creek (CONG001, CONG002, and CONG003) and McKenzie Creek (CONG004). These data, along with the analysis of remotely sensed geographic information system (GIS) data, are presented in this report to describe and compare the watershed-, reach-, and transect-scale characteristics of these four stream reaches to each other and to selected similar-sized stream reaches at Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park, Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park, and Chattahoochee National Recreation Area. Surveyed stream reaches at Congaree NP were compared to those previously surveyed in other parks in order to provide regional context and aid in interpretation of results. edar Creek’s watershed (CONG001, CONG002, and CONG003) drains nearly 200 square kilometers (77.22 square miles [mi2]) of the Congaree River Valley Terrace complex and upper Coastal Plain to the north of the park (Shelley 2007a, 2007b). Cedar Creek’s watershed has low slope and is covered mainly by forests and grasslands. Cedar Creek is designated an “Outstanding Resource Water” by the state of South Carolina (S.C. Code Regs. 61–68 [2014] and S.C. Code Regs. 61–69 [2012]) from the boundary of the park downstream to Wise Lake. Cedar Creek ‘upstream’ (CONG001) is located just downstream (south) of the park’s Bannister Bridge canoe landing, which is located off Old Bluff Road and south of the confluence with Meyers Creek. Cedar Creek ‘middle’ and Cedar Creek ‘downstream’ (CONG002 and CONG003, respectively) are located downstream of Cedar Creek ‘upstream’ where Cedar Creek flows into the relatively flat backswamp of the Congaree River flood plain. Based on the geomorphic and land cover characteristics of the watershed, monitored reaches on Cedar Creek are likely to flood often and drain slowly. Flooding is more likely at Cedar Creek ‘middle’ and Cedar Creek ‘downstream’ than at Cedar Creek ‘upstream.’ This is due to the higher (relative to CONG001) connectivity between the channels of the lower reaches and their out-of-channel areas. Based on bed sediment characteristics, the heterogeneity of geomorphic channel units (GCUs) within each reach, and the abundance of large woody debris (LWD), in-stream habitat within each of the surveyed reaches on Cedar Creek (CONG001–003) was classified as ‘fair to good.’ Although, there is extensive evidence of animal activity...

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