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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Fibre de cotton"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 20 квітня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Fibre de cotton"

1

Chowdhury, Mohammed Rubaiyat, and Ayub Nabi Khan. "Study on the properties of yarn produced by 100% pima cotton fibre." Journal of Textile Engineering & Fashion Technology 9, no. 1 (March 6, 2023): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jteft.2023.09.00328.

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Анотація:

To produce higher count of yarn long staple length cotton fibres are used. Specially, long staple length Pima and Giza cotton fibres are used for this purpose. In this study to produce 80Ne carded yarn Pima cotton fibre was used. Pima Cotton is a long stable fiber. Which is normally produced in Australia and America. In this study different properties of yarn like thick, thin and neps, CSP, fineness of pima cotton fibre were tested. It was evident that the quality of the yarn produced was good in quality to produce different fine quality fabrics.

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2

Chakraborty, Shankar, and Siddhartha Bandhopadyay. "Cotton fibre selection and grading – a PROMETHEE-GAIA-based approach." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 29, no. 5 (September 4, 2017): 646–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-12-2016-0137.

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Purpose In spinning industries, selection of the most appropriate fibre for yarn manufacturing plays an important role for achieving an optimal mix of several yarn characteristics, like maximum tenacity, elasticity and spinning ability; and minimum unevenness and hairiness. Identification of the best suited cotton fibre from a set of available alternatives in presence of different conflicting physical properties is often treated as a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the preference ranking organisation method for enrichment of evaluations (PROMETHEE) and geometrical analysis for interactive aid (GAIA) methods are integrated to solve a cotton fibre selection problem. The PROMETHEE II method ranks the alternative cotton fibres based on their net outranking flows, whereas GAIA acts as a visual aid to strongly support the derived selection decision. The weight stability intervals for all the considered fibre properties (criteria) over which the position of the top-ranked cotton fibre remains unchanged are also determined. Findings The clusters of cotton fibres formed in the developed GAIA plane act as a yard stick for their appropriate grading to aid the blending process. The ranking of 17 cotton fibres as achieved applying the combined PROMETHEE-GAIA approach highly corroborates with the observations of the past researchers which proves its immense potentiality and applicability in solving fibre selection problems. Originality/value Two MCDM methods in the form of PROMETHEE II and GAIA are integrated to provide a holistic approach for cotton fibre grading and selection while taking into consideration all the available cotton fibre properties.

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3

Ergashev, Yuldashali, and Dilshodjon Akhmadjonov. "COTTON MEDIUM FIBRE COLOUR ASSESSMENT." American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology 02, no. 05 (May 1, 2022): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ajast/volume02issue05-05.

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The Uster HVI system evaluates the colour of medium staple cotton fibre based on the international universal standard and replaces the subjective visual colour assessment of Uzbek cotton fibre determined by the classifier with an objective instrumental measurement.

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4

Günaydin, Gizem Karakan, Ali Serkan Soydan, and Sema Palamutçu. "Evaluation of Cotton Fibre Properties in Compact Yarn Spinning Processes and Investigation of Fibre and Yarn Properties." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 26, no. 3(129) (June 30, 2018): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.7299.

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Fibre properties are influential factors for yarn properties. Cotton, whose physical properties vary depending on the cultivation region, is still a very common fibre used in the textile industry. Properties such as fibre length, fineness, strength and maturity affect yarn tensility, evenness, imperfections and hairiness. Four different 100% cotton blends were used as raw material (American cotton, Aegean cotton, Urfa cotton, Greek cotton) to be converted into 20 tex compact yarns separately. HVI parameters of each blend type starting from the bale until the 2nd drawing passage machine revealed that yarn processing stages and machinery are influential factors for fibre the properties of fibres that are produced on a spinning line. Additionally ANOVA tests supported the idea that the evenness, tensility, yarn imperfections, and hairiness parameter of yarns produced from various cotton blends were statistically different. Principal Component Analyses (PCA) and the Correlation Matrix were also applied in order to analyse the relationship between fibre properties and compact yarn properties of different blends.

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5

Masood, Ammara, Nadia Iqbal, and Hira Mubeen. "Review A Short Review of Promoters of Cotton Fibre Genes: Strength and Tissue Specificity." Biological Sciences - PJSIR 63, no. 2 (July 15, 2020): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52763/pjsir.biol.sci.63.2.2020.127.131.

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Promoters are of great importance for controlling gene expression. There are various regulatory regions within promoters which are crucial for expression specificity. Depending upon mode of expression, promoters can be divided into constitutive, tissue/developmental stage specific or inducible promoters. For expression of certain gene, there is interplay of cis acting element located on promoter and transcription factors. Cotton fibre promoters are of great importance in biotechnology as these may be used to express fibre genes in cotton fibres specifically. Although most of cotton fibre gene promoters show expression in fibres but some of them also exhibit expression in various other organs like trichomes, pedicles and vascular tissues. Due to difficulties in somatic embryogenesis in cotton, these promoters are mostly studied in heterologous systems like Arabidopsis and tobacco. In this article, expression pattern of some cotton fibre genes promoters have been reviewed.

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6

Aronsson, Julia, and Anders Persson. "Tearing of post-consumer cotton T-shirts and jeans of varying degree of wear." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 15 (January 2020): 155892502090132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925020901322.

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Анотація:

The demand for textile fibres is growing quickly. However, global cotton production has stabilized around 25 Mton/year. This is a sound development since cotton cultivation causes major sustainable development issues. Even if regenerated cellulose fibre production steadily grows, it is still only from a sixth to a fifth of cotton volumes. Hence, it is essential to find resource-efficient routes to generate alternatives to virgin cotton. There are many promising research initiatives that discover the possibility to utilize waste streams of neat cotton and cotton in fibre blends as raw materials for dissolving pulp for regeneration into, for example, viscose or Lyocell. However, there is a much simpler and energy-efficient route at hand. If fabrics are disintegrated mechanically, the separated fibres can be turned into yarn again. However, since fibre length is a key parameter to accomplish strong and durable textiles, fibre length loss upon tearing should be minimized. This study evaluates how fibre length distribution alters upon tearing of post-consumer cotton waste of two different constructions: denim and single jersey; and different degrees of wear, rendering four different fractions: (1) barely worn denim, (2) rather worn denim, (3) barely worn single-jersey and (4) rather worn single-jersey. Before tearing, the garments were dissembled, their yarns were characterized, fibre length distributions were manually determined for (1)–(4). Length analysis of the recovered fibres after tearing revealed that the length drop was most severe for (a) the finer single-jersey and (b) the barely worn fractions. The findings suggest that significant wear does not exclude from mechanical recycling.

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7

Ravindra B. Malabadi, Kiran P. Kolkar, and Raju K. Chalannavar. "Industrial Cannabis sativa: Role of hemp (fiber type) in textile industries." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 16, no. 2 (November 30, 2023): 001–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2023.16.2.0450.

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This review paper highlights the importance and role of hemp fibre in textile industries. In recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest in hemp as a sustainable and versatile textile fibre in fashion and textile industry. Hemp is a sustainable and environmental friendly crop that can provide valuable raw materials to a large number of industrial applications. Hemp fibre is very strong compared with other natural fibres such as cotton, flax and nettle. The cultivation of hemp has significantly less environmental impact compared to cotton. The industrial hemp contains primary and secondary fibres of which the primary fibres are utilisable for the textile end use. Hemp has been the mostly blended with cotton and synthetic fibres due to barriers in the industrial process of the production of full hemp-based textiles. Hemp clothing is stronger and more durable than cotton clothing and does not deform as easily. Apparel made from hemp merges easily with dyes and does not discolour easily. Hemp has outstanding antibacterial properties that surpass those of cotton and also any other natural fibre. Hemp textile fibre is hypoallergenic and has natural antimicrobial properties, making it an excellent choice for individuals with sensitive skin. However, despite its many benefits, hemp is still relatively expensive in India compared to other cellulosic fibres such as cotton, linen, and rayon etc. Hemp has a great cultural and historical value in India because it has been grown and used here for thousands of years. This cultural history can be conserved and honoured by using hemp in the fashion and textile business.

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Motin, Md Mominul, Hasan Mazharul Haq, Ayub Nabi Khan, Md Obaidur Rahman, and Md Omar Ali. "Investigating the Ideal Combination of Virgin Cotton Fibre Length with Recycled Fibre for Better Yarn Quality." Textile & Leather Review 7 (March 7, 2024): 391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.31881/tlr.2024.009.

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This study examines the effects of blending virgin cotton fibres of selected lengths with a fixed percentage of recycled fibres on yarn quality. By choosing three different lengths of virgin cotton fibres and incorporating 20% recycled fibre, we investigate the resultant yarn properties through detailed statistical analysis. Our research identifies significant enhancements in yarn quality with increased virgin fibre length, offering new insights into effective fibre blending strategies. This investigation supports the textile industry in refining fibre blend ratios for improved yarn qualities while advocating for sustainable practices through the utilization of recycled fibres. It sets the stage for future exploration aimed at optimizing the balance between virgin and recycled fibres to achieve superior yarn characteristics.

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9

Ruan, Yong-Ling. "Recent advances in understanding cotton fibre and seed development." Seed Science Research 15, no. 4 (December 2005): 269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ssr2005217.

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The unique feature of the seed of tetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense) is that about 30% of the seed coat epidermal cells develop into cellulose-enriched fibres, while the embryos synthesize oils and proteins. Hence, both the maternal and filial tissues of the cotton seed are of significant economic value. After initiation from the ovule epidermis at or just before anthesis, the single-celled fibres elongate to 2.5–6.0 cm long in the tetraploid species before they switch to intensive secondary cell wall cellulose synthesis. Thus, apart from its agronomic importance, the cotton fibre represents a model single-cell system to study the control of cell differentiation and elongation, carbon partitioning to cellulose synthesis and also the interaction between maternal (fibre) and embryonic tissues in seeds. Over the past decade or so, significant effort has been made to understand the cellular and molecular basis of cotton fibre development and oil biosynthesis in the embryo. Metabolic engineering of the oil biosynthetic pathway in cotton seed has successfully produced healthier and stable oils. A number of candidate genes and cellular processes that potentially regulate various aspects of fibre development have been identified. Further elucidation of the in vivo functions of those candidate genes could significantly deepen our understanding of fibre development and offer potential for improvement of fibre quality through genetic engineering or marker-assisted breeding approaches.

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Parasakthibala, Ms G., and Mrs A. S. Monisha. "A Review on Natural Fibers; Its Properties and Application Over Synthetic Fibers." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 1894–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46530.

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Abstract: Fibre is a long, thin strand or thread of material made by weaving or knitting threads together. Fibre is a hair like strand of material. A fibre is the smallest visible unit of any textile product. Fibres are flexible and may be spun into yarn and made into fabric. Natural fibres are taken from animals, vegetables or mineral sources. A few examples of widely used natural fibres include animal fibre such as wool and silk vegetables fibres, especially cotton and flax and asbestos, a mineral. Natural fibers are more important part in our human environment. Natural fibers are ecofriendly and inexpensive which are readily available in nature. In this chapter we discuss about the overview of natural fiber and their characteristic. this paper also deals with the impact of natural fibers over the synthetic fibers and also the application of natural fiber in various fields.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Fibre de cotton"

1

Hernandez-Gomez, Mercedes Clara. "Cell walls and cotton fibre development." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/11458/.

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2

Bel, Patricia Damian. "Cotton quality - fibre to fabric: fibre properties relationships to fabric quality." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, 2004. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00003193/.

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[Abstract]: The textile industry has a recurrent white speck nep problem in cotton. “White specks” are immature clusters of fibres that are not visible as defects until dyeing, after which they remain white on the surface of a darkly dyed fabric, or appear as non uniform streaks in the fabric. Both results render the fabric unsuitable for commercial fashion fabrics. The white speck potential of cotton is difficult to predict except in extremely immature cottons. Competitive synthetic fibres are uniform in length and strength and never have a maturity problem resulting in dye defects. They are much more predictable in the mill. As a result, cotton faces the risk of being replaced by synthetic fibres. Industry requires a method to predict fabric quality from cotton bale fibre properties to minimize this risk. This research addresses the problem of predicting white specks in dyed cotton fabrics. It is part of a large study, which is supported jointly by US and Australian agencies. The main objective is to predict fabric quality from bale fibre properties given controlled gin and mill processing. Gin and mill processing must be controlled so that field and varietal effects can be seen without the interaction of mechanical processing differences. This results in achieving other objectives, including the provision of baseline data for Australian varieties, ginning effects and comparison of ring and open-end spinning. Initially a reliable method for measuring white specks had to be found. Several systems have been evaluated and are reported here. The systems accuracy was compared using fabrics from the US Extreme Variety Study (EVS), which was grown specifically to have different levels of white specks. The fabrics made from the US (Leading Variety Study 1993 (LVS) and The American Textile Manufacturers Institute (ATMI) Cotton Variety Processing Trials, 2001) and the Australian (1998 & 1999) variety studies were analysed using AutoRate-2-03, the best of the image analysis systems studied. The final release of AutoRate (February 2003) was developed by Dr. Bugao Xu to measure white specks on dark fabrics in conjunction with this research. This final analysis of these studies results in white speck prediction equations from high-speed fibre measurement systems. This information should be immediately useful to as a tool to measure the effects of field and ginning practices on the levels of white specks without having to carry the research out to finished fabrics. Cotton breeders will be able to use the equations in the development of new varieties with low white speck potential, by eliminating varieties with high white speck potential early on. The research will continue on a much larger scale in the US and hopefully a WSP (White Speck Potential) value will be incorporated into the US Cotton Grading System.

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3

Benians, Thomas Anthony Scott. "In situ analysis of cotton fibre cell wall polysaccharides." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5433/.

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The cotton fibre is one of the most economically important cells in the world. Each year, over 25 million tonnes are harvested and the industry is responsible for 300 million jobs world-wide, with revenues of over $120 billion in the USA alone. For such an important cell there is little known about its cell wall composition as well as the functional roles of these polysaccharides during fibre development. Although much work has already been done on the cotton fibre transcriptome, a study of cell wall composition during development and maturation is crucial in linking these data to further understand fibre differentiation. This research explored the developmental biology of the cotton fibre in relation to key polysaccharide structures and architectural properties in the context of cell wall development. This has been achieved by the development of methodologies for the detection and imaging of low level polysaccharide epitopes of the cotton fibre using molecular probes known as monoclonal antibodies (mABs) and carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs), directed in-situ to these glycans. Key polysaccharide changes were observed during fibre development, maturity and processing. Upon maturity, pectic homogalacturonan and xyloglucan were readily detectable at the surface of fibres after removal of the waxy outer layer. Other polysaccharides including arabinan, xylan and mannan, as well as cell wall glycoproteins were detected after treatments that removed the pectin-rich primary cell wall layer. This research shows that cell wall probes are powerful and useful tools to study cotton fibres throughout development, maturity and processing in the context of cell wall biology, though these polysaccharide changes need to be explored one by one to establish structure-function relationships. With the upcoming sequencing of the G. hirsutum genome, cotton fibre research will be an exciting field and the work presented here will provide a base for future studies, with potential for the manipulation of key developmental polysaccharides to alter the final fibre properties. The ultimate goal of improving cotton fibre properties will have significant economic, ecological and societal impacts for decades to come.

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4

Al-Dhahir, S. K. A. "Toxicological properties of vegetable fibre dusts : Studies of the acute effects of Cotton dust and cotton dust polymer." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383124.

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5

Aronsson, Julia. "Torn to be worn? : Cotton fibre length of shredded post-consumer garments." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-12380.

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Анотація:

In 2015 the global fibre consumption was 96.7 million tonnes, which is an increase of 3.1% from the year before. Our high textile consumption has led to an increasing demand of raw materials and generation of textile waste. Only in Europe, a total amount of 4.3 million tonnes of apparel waste each year is sent to either incineration or landfills. Approximately 50% of the clothes we discard and donate are composed of cotton. In the future, the cotton production is predicted to stagnate since the world population is increasing and arable land to greater extent will be needed for food production. Thereby, it is important that we utilize the cotton waste generated. One of the most commonly used processes for recycling textile waste is the shredding process. In this method, textile waste is shredded back into their constituent fibres. The drawback with the shredding process is that the fibre length is reduced. The fibre length is an important property since it has a high influence on textile processing such as yarn production and final product quality. The aim of this thesis was to investigate how post-consumer cotton garments with different degree of wear affects the fibre length obtained in the shredding process. This was performed by analysing the input fibre length as well as the output fibre length. Additionally, several parameters were investigated: fabric construction and yarn structure. Degree of wear was categorized into two levels: low and high degree of wear. The fabric constructions used in this study were single-jersey and denim. The yarn structure were analysed in terms of yarn count, yarn twist and manufacturing process. The result showed that the fibre length before shredding was statistically significant longer for the materials with low degree of wear compared to high degree of wear. After shredding, it was shown that the fibre length reduction was lower for the materials with high degree of wear. This indicates that longer fibres give higher fibre length reduction. In addition, it was found that finer yarn gives higher fibre length reduction. The result also showed that the yarn manufacturing process has a great influence on the ease of shredding and the fibre length obtained in the end. Based on the result in this thesis it can be concluded that the shredding process needs to be improved in order to preserve the fibre length. The area of post-consumer textile waste is complex and the result showed that there is many underlying parameters that need to be taken into account to further develop the shredding process.

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Clipson, J. A. "The preparation, properties and dyeing behaviour of differential-dyeing cellulose." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378970.

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7

Kamenopoulou, Vassiliki. "Proprietes dosimetriques des fibres textiles : application a la dosimetrie par resonance paramagnetique electronique d'un accident d'irradiation gamma." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30172.

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8

Sjöblom, Therése. "Fabric conditioning for more gentle shredding : Pre-treatment for mechanical recycling of cotton and polyester." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-14875.

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Анотація:

There is a growing need for fibres with increasing population. One way to solve this is to recycle the fibres from textile waste. In mechanical recycling by shredding the textiles are shredded back to fibrous form. The biggest problem with shredding is that it is a harsh process that reduces the fibre length and damages the fibre. To make the shredding process more gentle and preserve more of the fibre length, pre-treatment that lowers the friction between the fibres have been investigated. Polyethene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000) is an environmentally friendly chemical that could be used to lower the friction of cotton and polyester, the two most used textile fibres. Another treatment evaluated is glycerol. The treatment should not affect further processing of the fibres. For evaluating the treatment, a test of the interfibre friction was performed on carded webs and fabrics that were untreated and treated. Prior to shredding four samples were made of fabrics of cotton, polyester and polycotton. From each fabric, one was left untreated, and one was treated with a low concentration of PEG 4000. The concentration of PEG 4000 was chosen from the test on fibres. Also from each fabric, two treatments that were not prepared by the author; one with a high concentration of PEG 4000 and the other with glycerol. All 12 samples were shredded back to fibres. The shredded material was analysed, and the fibre length was measured. The reclaimed fibres from the shredded material were also tried to be processed into yarns. The main result was that it was possible to rotor spin yarn of 100% reclaimed fibres from cotton and polyester treated with PEG 4000, which means that the treatment did not interfere with the spinnability of the reclaimed fibres. Untreated cotton was also spinnable, but untreated polyester was not possible to card. The cotton and polyester treated with glycerol were possible to carded and made into a sliver but not spinnable. The reclaimed fibres from the polycotton fabric were not possible to card or process further. This result correlates with the analyses of the shredded material and the fibre length measurement. The best results were for polyester treated with 0.71 w% PEG 4000 that had 121% longer mean fibre length than untreated polyester. The best result for cotton was treated with 0.29 w% PEG 4000.

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9

Aboe, Modeste. "Etude de la variabilité intra-balle des caractéristiques technologiques des fibres de coton produites en Afrique de l'Ouest et du Centre." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00718836.

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Анотація:

Grâce aux développements techniques et technologiques des dernières décennies, le commerce international du coton passe graduellement d'un classement manuel et visuel à un classement à base de résultats de mesures instrumentales. Or adopter une technique requiert d'en étudier ses modalités et ses conditions d'utilisation. Aux USA, des études périodiques de variabilité permettent d'assortir ces résultats d'analyse de tolérances commerciales afin de limiter la fréquence des litiges. Adopter en Afrique les règles et les méthodes de mesure des USA exposerait à un risque de litige accru si les conditions de production déterminent un coton de qualité plus variable. Pour la première fois en Afrique, nous avons mené une étude de la variabilité des caractéristiques technologiques des fibres dans huit pays d'Afrique de l'Ouest et du Centre : Bénin, Burkina-Faso, Cameroun, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali, Sénégal, Tchad et Togo. Pendant deux saisons de production, nous avons réalisé une expérimentation à trois types de prélèvements de fibres : 1) huit échantillons par balle au sein de 215 balles produites dans 27 usines d'égrenage, 2) un échantillon par balle de 4286 balles constituées en séries de 200 balles consécutives en saison 1 et de 100 balles consécutives en saison 2 dans les mêmes usines, 3) deux échantillons par balle (un en haut et un en bas) sur 817 balles constituées en séries de vingt balles consécutives hebdomadairement dans cinq usines au cours de la saison 2. Ensuite, les échantillons des 5318 balles échantillonnées furent analysés sur une Chaîne de Mesures Instrumentales (CMI) dans un laboratoire respectant les recommandations internationales et les conditions d'ambiance contrôlées. L'analyse statistique des données recueillies a permis d'évaluer le niveau de variabilité de chacune des caractéristiques technologiques étudiées, au sein des balles et entre celles-ci. Une méthode d'échantillonnage et de réalisation des analyses sur CMI est proposée pour réaliser le classement des balles de coton d'Afrique de l'Ouest et du Centre à partir de résultats précis et répétables respectant les règles commerciales établies au niveau mondial.

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Scapinello, Marco. "Studio di processi al plasma freddo a pressione atmosferica per il trattamento delle fibre tessili." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422496.

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Анотація:

The main goals of my thesis project were to study, characterize and optimize the interaction of different atmospheric plasmas with textile materials (wool and cotton), to determine the effects of such interactions on the treated materials and to correlate them with the specific experimental conditions used. This thesis deals with the application of non-thermal plasmas to textile fibers and materials to achieve desired effects and properties such as anti-shrinking, anti-felting, wetting and the activation for wet finishing. The analysis of the plasma processed gas was performed by FT-IR and APCI mass spectrometry. The results of this characterization allow us to understand the chemical oxidation phenomena. The plasma treatment on wool fibers produces wettability and anti-shrinking properties, this effects are due to the oxidation and to the roughness imparted to the treatment. The plasma treatment on the cotton fibers increases the hydrophilicity for the formation of new polar species and radicals on the surface: two wet finishing were applied to test the effects of plasma pre-treatment. Finally, using OES we succeeded in characterizing a few important systems related to the gas composition and the radiative active specie of plasma (including radicals, ions, atoms or excited molecules). In conclusion, the results of the research carried out for my doctoral thesis show that non-thermal plasma holds great promise for the treatment of fabrics: it offers the advantage of doing away with costly and environmentally impacting wet processes while at the same time producing similar or even better results in the treated materials.
Il mio progetto di tesi ha riguardato lo studio, la caratterizzazione e l’ottimizzazione delle interazioni di diversi plasmi atmosferici con il materiale tessile (in particolare lana e cotone), determinando gli effetti che tale interazione produce sul materiale trattato e correlandola alle specifiche condizioni utilizzate. Lo scopo fortemente applicativo era quello di ottenere particolari proprietà ed effetti come l’antirestringimento, la bagnabilità, l’attivazione per successivi finissaggi liquidi. La caratterizzazione del gas di processo mediante spettroscopia FTIR e spettrometria di massa APCI ha permesso di comprendere la chimica dei fenomeni di ossidazione alla base degli effetti del trattamento. Il trattamento sulla fibra di lana produce una forte bagnabilità ed effetti di anti-restringimento, correlabili all'ossidazione della superficie e all'aumentata rugosità. Il trattamento sulla fibra di cotone aumenta l'idrofilicità della fibra per la formazione di radicali e nuove specie polari sulla superficie: sono stati applicati due finissaggi liquidi per verificare gli effetti del pretrattamento al plasma. Infine utilizzando di una tecnica diagnostica come la spettroscopia ottica di emissione è stato possibile caratterizzare alcuni importanti sistemi di emissione dovuti alla presenza di specie eccitate di atomi, molecole, radicali e ioni presenti in un plasma atmosferico. I risultati della ricerca effettuata per il dottorato dimostrano che il plasma atmosferico non termico rappresenta una grande promessa per il trattamento dei tessuti: offre il vantaggio di sostituire o di migliorare i processi liquidi costosi e di forte impatto ambientale e al tempo stesso di ottenere risultati simili o anche migliori nei materiali trattati.

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Книги з теми "Fibre de cotton"

1

Basu, Arindam. Cotton fibre selection and grading. Coimbatore: South India Textile Research Association, 2004.

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2

Ratios, ICC Business, ed. Cotton & man-made fibre processors. London: ICC Business Ratios, 1985.

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3

Group, ICC Information, and ICC Business Publications, eds. The Cotton & man made fibre industry. 2nd ed. Hampton: ICC Information Group, 1996.

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4

Ratios, ICC Business, ed. Cotton and man made fibre processors. Hampton: ICC Business Ratios, 1989.

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5

Publications, ICC Business, ed. Cotton and man-made fibre processors. 2nd ed. Hampton: ICC Information Group, 1998.

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6

Ltd, ICC Business Publications, ed. Cotton and man-made fibre processors. 2nd ed. Hampton: ICC Business Publications, 1998.

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7

Low, It-Meng, Thamer Alomayri, and Hasan Assaedi. Cotton and Flax Fibre-Reinforced Geopolymer Composites. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2281-6.

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8

Lord, E. The origin and assessment of cotton fibre maturity. 2nd ed. Manchester: International Institute for Cotton, Technical Research Division, 1988.

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9

Morris, David. Cotton to 1993: Fighting for the fibre market. London: Economist Intelligence Unit, 1988.

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10

A, Farnie D., and Jeremy David J, eds. The fibre that changed the world: The cotton industry in international perspective, 1600-1990s. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.

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Частини книг з теми "Fibre de cotton"

1

Das, Apurba. "Advanced Characterizations of Cotton Fibre." In Testing of Textile and Fibrous Materials, 107–17. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003453642-6.

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2

Dhange, V. K., S. M. Landage, and G. M. Moog. "Organic Cotton: Fibre to Fashion." In Sustainable Textiles: Production, Processing, Manufacturing & Chemistry, 275–306. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0878-1_11.

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3

Lu, Zhao-zhi, Xue-yue Li, Wang-feng Zhang, Ju-yun Zheng, Fei Liang, De-song Yang, Jing-shan Tian, Gui-zhen Gao, June-duo Wang, and Abid Ali. "Growing cotton in China." In Pest management in cotton: a global perspective, 80–100. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800620216.0005.

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Abstract This chapter focuses on the current status of cotton production in China and the genetic improvement and use of Bt transgenic cotton cultivars in the country. Some major insect pests, weeds and diseases of cotton in the country are presented and the efficacy of various methods used in their management are highlighted. Some information on the cultivar selection, cultivation methods, harvesting technologies and fibre quality characteristics of cotton in the country are also discussed.

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4

Enawgaw, Haymanot, and Belete Baye Gelaw. "Cotton Fibre Demand and Supply in Ethiopia." In Textile Science and Clothing Technology, 139–60. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-9149-5_7.

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5

Low, It-Meng, Thamer Alomayri, and Hasan Assaedi. "Summary and Concluding Remarks." In Cotton and Flax Fibre-Reinforced Geopolymer Composites, 191–202. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2281-6_7.

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6

Low, It-Meng, Thamer Alomayri, and Hasan Assaedi. "Background." In Cotton and Flax Fibre-Reinforced Geopolymer Composites, 1–40. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2281-6_1.

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7

Low, It-Meng, Thamer Alomayri, and Hasan Assaedi. "Moisture Absorption and Durability." In Cotton and Flax Fibre-Reinforced Geopolymer Composites, 147–76. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2281-6_5.

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8

Low, It-Meng, Thamer Alomayri, and Hasan Assaedi. "Thermal Stability and Flammability." In Cotton and Flax Fibre-Reinforced Geopolymer Composites, 177–89. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2281-6_6.

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9

Low, It-Meng, Thamer Alomayri, and Hasan Assaedi. "Mechanical Properties." In Cotton and Flax Fibre-Reinforced Geopolymer Composites, 87–146. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2281-6_4.

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10

Low, It-Meng, Thamer Alomayri, and Hasan Assaedi. "Materials and Methodology." In Cotton and Flax Fibre-Reinforced Geopolymer Composites, 41–52. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2281-6_2.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Fibre de cotton"

1

Mellick, Zoe, and Alice Payne. "Australian Cotton and the Global Apparel Supply Chain: Sustainability Issues in Context." In 22th AUTEX World Textile Conference. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-to4y7t.

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Cotton dominates the natural fibre market worldwide, as evidenced by its 24% market share. Australia is a major exporter of cotton, following China, India and the United States. The industry is significant for Australia, generating $2 billion dollars in exports per annum and employing approximately 10,000 people across the industry. However, sustainability concerns associated with cotton production, as well as evolving consumer awareness and an increase in sustainability initiatives and regulation, have brought sustainability to the forefront of the Australian cotton industry's agenda. The paper will provide a contextual review of the various sustainability aspects of cotton, such as genetically modified and non-genetically modified cotton, credible claims around environmental impacts, chain of custody and circularity approaches. This paper draws on publicly available information including industry reports, news articles, and certification websites. The paper provides valuable insights into the sustainability challenges for the Australian cotton industry, which can inform policymakers, industry stakeholders and consumers.

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2

Li Yujun, Liang Kun, and Bai HuaYu. "Key Technology in Detecting and Eliminating Isomerism Fibre in Cotton." In 2007 8th International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2007.4351246.

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3

Zhang, Xian-bin, Bing Cao, Xin-peng Zhang, and Wei Shi. "Research on detecting heterogeneous fibre from cotton based on linear CCD camera." In International Symposium on Photoelectronic Detection and Imaging 2009, edited by Kun Zhang, Xiang-jun Wang, Guang-jun Zhang, and Ke-cong Ai. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.836616.

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4

Khan, Muhammad Usman Ali, Raad Raad, and Javad Foroughi. "A Fibre Embroidered Chipless RFID Tag on Cotton Fabrics for Wearable Applications." In GLOBECOM 2020 - 2020 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/globecom42002.2020.9347987.

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5

Bhagwat, Siddhesh, Omkar Karlekar, Shailesh Padalkar, Shruti Chaudhari, and Ketki Kulkarni. "Nature of CSF based on Beating Time in Fibre Reinforced Cotton Rag." In 2020 IEEE Pune Section International Conference (PuneCon). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/punecon50868.2020.9362459.

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6

Piroi, Cristina, Irina Cristian, and Rodica Harpa. "SOFTWARE APPLICATION FOR DESIGNING YARNS WITH SPECIFIED CHARACTERISTICS." In eLSE 2017. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-17-240.

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Yarn quality is an essential concept, usually defined by the customers which demands simultaneous achievement of several requirements concerning the yarns characteristics. For the cotton type yarns, the tensile properties represent the most important parameters for assessment of yarn quality, because these features are key factors regarding the yarns behaviour in post-spinning operations (warping, weaving and knitting) and have a determinant contribution to the properties of final textile product. Hence, an accurate prediction of these characteristics is very important, from both technological and economic points of view. Providing the conditions for obtaining yarns with specified characteristics requires suitable selection of fibres used in blends, correct setting of the structure parameters of yarns and the processing conditions of the fibrous material, in close correlation with the yarn's end-use requirements, the manufacturing technology and the technical level of equipment. Finding an optimal variant of fibre blend involves considerable amounts of work, time and money. Therefore, the use of dedicated software for designing fibre blends may contribute to reduce these drawbacks and allows obtaining optimal blend recipes faster and more effective. The paper presents a software application developed primarily as a tool for teaching students the principles of rational design of fibre blends intended for cotton yarns with specified characteristics, but it can be also used by the spinning companies. The PFirB software is part of a package developed to support the teaching activities with the students from the Faculty of Textile-Leather and Industrial Management in Iasi, was created with Microsoft Visual Basic and Visual C++ and runs in a Windows environment.

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7

Khan, Muhammad Usman Ali, Raad Raad, Javad Foroughi, Panagiotis Ioannis Theoharis, Sining Liu, and Jawad Masud. "A Silver-Coated Conductive Fibre HC12 Sewed Chipless RFID Tag on Cotton Fabric for Wearable Applications." In 2020 IEEE 23rd International Multitopic Conference (INMIC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/inmic50486.2020.9318155.

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8

Li, Zhi. "Use the MATLAB algorithm to optimize the blending ratio of polyester/cotton/antistatic fibre blended fabric." In 2022 International Conference on Wireless Communications, Electrical Engineering and Automation (WCEEA). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wceea56458.2022.00013.

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9

M, Sneha, N. Murugesan, Jitendra Kumar, and V. Jayaraman. "A single cotton fibre OECT for monitoring of drought stress and salinity stress in crop plants." In 2020 5th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icee50728.2020.9776867.

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10

Ghadge, S. V., P. G. Patil, S. K. Shukla, V. G. Arude, A. K. Bharimalla, C. Sundaramoorthy, P. S. Deshmukh, and P. K. Mandhyan. "Performance evaluation of trash analyzer and opener blender for opening cotton lint samples used in fibre quality testing." In 2017 IEEE Technological Innovations in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tiar.2017.8273721.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Fibre de cotton"

1

Granot, David, Scott Holaday, and Randy D. Allen. Enhancing Cotton Fiber Elongation and Cellulose Synthesis by Manipulating Fructokinase Activity. United States Department of Agriculture, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7613878.bard.

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Анотація:

a. Objectives (a) Identification and characterization of the cotton fiber FRKs; (b) Generating transgenic cotton plants overproducing either substrate inhibited tomato FRK or tomato FRK without substrate inhibition; (c) Generating transgenic cotton plants with RNAi suppression of fiber expressed FRKs; (d) Generating Arabidopsis plants that over express FRK1, FRK2, or both genes, as additional means to assess the contribution of FRK to cellulose synthesis and biomass production. b. Background to the topic: Cellulose synthesis and fiber elongation are dependent on sugar metabolism. Previous results suggested that FRKs (fructokinase enzymes that specifically phosphorylate fructose) are major players in sugar metabolism and cellulose synthesis. We therefore hypothesized that increasing fructose phosphorylation may enhance fiber elongation and cellulose synthesis in cotton plants. Accordinlgy, the objectives of this research were: c. Major conclusions and achievements: Two cotton FRKs expressed in fibers, GhFRK2 and GhFRK3, were cloned and characterized. We found that GhFRK2 enzyme is located in the cytosol and GhFRK3 is located within plastids. Both enzymes enable growth on fructose (but not on glucose) of hexose kinase deficient yeast strain, confirming the fructokinase activity of the cloned genes. RNAi constructs with each gene were prepared and sent to the US collaborator to generate cotton plants with RNAi suppression of these genes. To examine the effect of FRKs using Arabidopsis plants we generated transgenic plants expressing either LeFRK1 or LeFRK2 at high level. No visible phenotype has been observed. Yet, plants expressing both genes simultaneously are being created and will be tested. To test our hypothesis that increasing fructose phosphorylation may enhance fiber cellulose synthesis, we generated twenty independent transgenic cotton plant lines overexpressing Lycopersicon (Le) FRK1. Transgene expression was high in leaves and moderate in developing fiber, but enhanced FRK activity in fibers was inconsistent between experiments. Some lines exhibited a 9-11% enhancement of fiber length or strength, but only one line tested had consistent improvement in fiber strength that correlated with elevated FRK activity in the fibers. However, in one experiment, seed cotton mass was improved in all transgenic lines and correlated with enhanced FRK activity in fibers. When greenhouse plants were subjected to severe drought during flowering and boll development, no genotypic differences in fiber quality were noted. Seed cotton mass was improved for two transgenic lines but did not correlate with fiber FRK activity. We conclude that LeFRK1 over-expression in fibers has only a small effect on fiber quality, and any positive effects depend on optimum conditions. The improvement in productivity for greenhouse plants may have been due to better structural development of the water-conducting tissue (xylem) of the stem, since stem diameters were larger for some lines and the activity of FRK in the outer xylem greater than observed for wild-type plants. We are testing this idea and developing other transgenic cotton plants to understand the roles of FRK in fiber and xylem development. We see the potential to develop a cotton plant with improved stem strength and productivity under drought for windy, semi-arid regions where cotton is grown. d. Implications, scientific and agricultural: FRKs are probably bottle neck enzymes for biomass and wood synthesis and their increased expression has the potential to enhance wood and biomass production, not only in cotton plants but also in other feed and energy renewable plants.

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2

Cooper, Michelle H., and Maurice Roy. Evaluation of Fire Retardant Treated 100% Cotton Open-End Denims. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada244006.

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3

Delmer, Deborah P., Douglas Johnson, and Alex Levine. The Role of Small Signal Transducing Gtpases in the Regulation of Cell Wall Deposition Patterns in Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7570571.bard.

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Анотація:

The combined research of the groups of Delmer, Levine and Johnson has led to a number of interesting findings with respect to the function of the small GTPase Rac in plants and also opened up new leads for future research. The results have shown: 1) The Rac13 protein undergoes geranylgeranlyation and is also translocated to the plasma membrane as found for Rac in mammals; 2) When cotton Rac13 is highly- expressed in yeast, it leads to an aberrant phenotype reminiscent of mutants impaired in actin function, supporting a role for Rac13 in cytoskeletal organization; 3) From our searches, there is no strong evidence that plants contain homologs of the related CDC42 genes found in yeast and mammals; 4) We have identified a rather unique Rac gene in Arabidopsis that has unusual extensions at both the N- and C-terminal portions of the protein; 5) New evidence was obtained that an oxidative burst characterized by substantial and sustained production of H202 occurs coincident with the onset of secondary wall synthesis in cotton fibers. Further work indicates that the H202 produced may be a signal for the onset of this phase of development and also strongly suggests that Rac plays an important role in signaling for event. Since the secondary walls of plants that contain high levels of lignin and cellulose are the major source of biomass on earth, understanding what signals control this process may well in the future have important implications for manipulating the timing and extent of secondary wall deposition. 6) When the cotton Rac13 promoter is fused to the reporter gene GUS, expression patterns in Arabidopsis indicate very strong and specific expression in developing trichomes and in developing xyelm. Since both of these cell types are engaged in secondary wall synthesis, this further supports a role for Rac in signaling for onset of this process. Since cotton fibers are anatomically defined as trichomes, these data may also be quite useful for future studies in which the trichomes of Arabidopsis may serve as a model for cotton fiber development; the Rac promoter can therefore be useful to drive expression of other genes proposed to affect fiber development and study the effects on the process; 7) The Rac promoter has also been shown to be the best so far tested for use in development of a system for transient transformation of developing cotton fibers, a technique that should have many applications in the field of cotton biotechnology; 8) One candidate protein that may interact with Rac13 to be characterized further in the future is a protein kinase that may be analogous to the PAK kinase that is known to interact with Rac in mammals.

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4

Raj, Phani K. DTRS56-04-T-0005A Radiant Heat Attenuation by Clothing and Human Tolerance to Radiant Heat. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), May 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011869.

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A series of tests involving the exposing mannequins clothed with normal civilian clothing to a 10 ft. x 10 ft. LNG pool fire was conducted. Both single layer clothing and double layer clothing were used. The radiant heat flux incident outside the clothing and incident on the skin covered by clothing were measured using wide-angle radiometers, for durations of 100 s to 200 s (per test). The levels of heat flux incident on the clothing were close to 5 kW/m2. The magnitude of the attenuation factor (AF) (ratio of the outside radiant heat flux to that on the skin) was calculated. It is seen that AF varies between 2 and higher for ordinary cotton and polyester clothing (of thickness 0.286 mm to 1.347 mm). Values as high as 6 have been measured for clothes of thickness of 1.347 mm. Tests similar to the above were conducted to determine the attenuation factor when a single or multiple sheets of newspaper are interposed in front (about 5 cm) of the radiometer. Singe sheet newspapers reduce the heat flux to the radiometer by a factor of about 5 at a heat flux level of 5 kW/m2. Double sheets reduce the heat flux intensity by a factor of almost 8! The magnitude of the AF for newspaper sheets depends on the magnitude of the heat flux and thickness. It decreases linearly with increasing heat flux values and increases linearly with an increase in thickness.

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