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Статті в журналах з теми "Extension of collective procedure":
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Meyer, Brett, and Thomas Biegert. "The conditional effect of technological change on collective bargaining coverage." Research & Politics 6, no. 1 (January 2019): 205316801882395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053168018823957.
Анотація:
Recent work in labor economics has shown that technological change has induced labor market polarization, an increase in demand for both high and low skill jobs, but declining demand for middle skill routine task jobs. We argue that labor market polarization should affect firms’ participation in collective agreements, but only in countries where laws automatically extending collective agreements to nonparticipating firms are weak. We develop an argument in which labor market polarization increases the distance between different skill groups of workers in both preferences for unionization and leverage to realize those preferences. Because of this, an increase in labor market polarization should be associated with a decline in collective bargaining coverage. We test our hypothesis about collective agreement extension and collective bargaining coverage in a cross-national sample of 21 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries from 1970 to 2010 and our hypothesis about labor market polarization in German firm-level and industry-level data from 1993–2007. We find a negative relationship in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development sample between technological change and collective bargaining coverage only in countries that make little or no use of extension procedures. We find that higher workforce skill polarization is associated with lower collective agreement participation in both German firm-level and industry-level samples.
2
Harith Mohamed Rouse, Muhammad, Che Yusfarina Che Yusop, Rian Asmeida Farha Ahmad Rejab, and Irfan Mohamad. "Uncommon extension of peritonsillar abscess." Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna 18, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/pimr.2022.0043.
Анотація:
Peritonsillar abscess refers to the collection of pus in between the tonsillar capsule and the superior constrictor muscle. The majority of patients with peritonsillar abscess recover uneventfully after intraoral drainage and antibiotic therapy. However, some patients who are immunosuppressed might deteriorate as infection spreads into the deep neck spaces or upper airway mucosa. We report a case of 48-year-old immunocompetent patient with peritonsillar abscess extending primarily into the parapharyngeal and retropharyngeal spaces, followed by unusual secondary extension into the masticator space, the submandibular region, and the anterior neck region. Both intraoral and extraoral incisions were conducted. The patient fully recovered after the drainage procedure and antibiotic treatment.
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Rym, O. M. "COLLECTIVE LABOUR RIGHTS AS THE PRINCIPLES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION LABOUR LAW." Actual problems of native jurisprudence, no. 05 (December 5, 2019): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/391954.
Анотація:
The article deals with certain aspects of collective labour rights in the European Union. Prerequisites and procedure of this rights guaranting as general principles of EU law are analyzed and their content is characterized. It is emphasized that such legal establishing took place somewhat haphazardly, both at the level of the acts of primary and secondary law of the European Union and in the case law. As a result, there is no single position on the spectrum of collective labour rights as principles of EU labor law. The author focuses on significant changes in the understanding of the necessity of cooperation of social partners and the extension of their interaction at the supranational level. It is under the responsibility of the European Commission to promote cooperation between Member States and to facilitate coordination of their activities in the field of the right of association and collective bargaining between employers and employees. The article clarifies the content of collective labour rights as general principles of EU law on the basis of EU legal acts, the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union, as well as the scientific works of domestic and foreign scholars. It is noted that the system of collective labour rights, as general principles of EU labour law, consists of the right of collective bargaining and collective action, the right of employees to information and consultation within the enterprise, as well as the freedom of assembly and association. It is concluded that the necessity of cooperation between the social partners is recognized as one of the foundations of EU labour law. Herewith appropriate interaction is ensured through the normative-legal consolidation of collective labour rights and procedures for their implementation. After all, European Union legal acts allow employees and employers’ representatives to play an active role in regulating labour legal relations. For example, Member States may instruct employers and employees, upon their joint request, to implement Council directives or decisions. In addition, many directives contain warnings about the possibility of derogating from their provisions through the adoption of a collective agreement.
4
Mastilovic, L. "The restructuring of the debtor as a means bankruptcy warnings under european law legislation." Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University, no. 3 (May 15, 2020): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2020.67.3.179-186.
Анотація:
Directive on preventive restructuring 1023/2019 (hereinafter referred to as the Directive) guarantees the right of bona fide and prospective commercial entities (hereinafter‑debtors) to initiate a preventive restructuring procedure in the absence of signs of bankruptcy, subject to the mandatory consent of the debtor and the majority of creditors, while, if the disagreement of the majority of creditors is not economically justified, the procedure can be approved by the authorized body (hereinafter — the court). The purpose of the procedure is to prevent bankruptcy in advance. A significant common characteristic of preventive restructuring and bankruptcy proceedings is the collective extension of legal consequences to all creditors, including those who disagree, because a single legal will is economically necessary to achieve the goal. In addition, it prohibits any of the creditors, including those from the dissenting minority, from starting enforcement proceedings (bankruptcy proceedings or enforcement proceedings) at a certain period, even if there are grounds provided for by law, since the legal consequences apply to all creditors, which ensures the incentive and effectiveness of the measures taken and avoids a conflict of creditors due to different assessments of the economic situation and prospects of the debtor.
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Chen, Ting-Yu. "An Interactive Signed Distance Approach for Multiple Criteria Group Decision-Making Based on Simple Additive Weighting Method with Incomplete Preference Information Defined by Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Sets." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 13, no. 05 (September 2014): 979–1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622014500229.
Анотація:
Interval type-2 fuzzy sets (T2FSs) with interval membership grades are suitable for dealing with imprecision or uncertainties in many real-world problems. In the Interval type-2 fuzzy context, the aim of this paper is to develop an interactive signed distance-based simple additive weighting (SAW) method for solving multiple criteria group decision-making problems with linguistic ratings and incomplete preference information. This paper first formulates a group decision-making problem with uncertain linguistic variables and their transformation to interval type-2 trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. Concerning the relative importance of multiple decision-makers and group consensus of fuzzy opinions, a procedure using hybrid averages is then employed to construct a collective decision matrix. By an appropriate extension of the classical SAW approach, this paper utilizes the concept of signed distances and establishes an integrated programming model to manage multi-criteria group decisions under the incomplete and inconsistent preference structure. Further, an interactive procedure is established for group decision making. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methods are illustrated by a collaborative decision-making problem of patient-centered care (PCC).
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Piérard, Gérald E., Sébastien Piérard, Philippe Delvenne, and Claudine Piérard-Franchimont. "In Vivo Evaluation of the Skin Tensile Strength by the Suction Method: Pilot Study Coping with Hysteresis and Creep Extension." ISRN Dermatology 2013 (August 5, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/841217.
Анотація:
From an engineering standpoint, both the skin and subcutaneous tissue act as interconnected load-transmitting structures. They are subject to a variety of intrinsic and environmental influences. Changes in the cutaneous viscoelasticity represent an important aspect in a series of skin conditions. The aim of this work was to explore the methodology of biomechanical measurements in order to better appreciate the evolution and severity of some connective tissue diseases. The Cutometer MPA 580 (C+K electronic) was used in the steep and progressive suction procedures. Adapting measurement modalities was explored in order to mitigate any variability in data collection. The repeat steep suction procedure conveniently reveals the creep phenomenon. By contrast, the progressive suction procedure highlights the hysteresis phenomenon. These viscoelastic characteristics are presently described using the 2 and 4 mm probes on normal skin and in scleroderma, acromegaly, corticosteroid-induced dermatoporosis, and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. The apposition of an additional outer contention on the skin altered differently the manifestations of the creep extension and hysteresis among the tested skin conditions. Any change in the mechanical test procedure affects the data. In clinical and experimental settings, it is mandatory to adhere to a strict and controlled protocol.
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Silvert, Colby, John Diaz, Laura Warner, and Willis Ochieng. "To work alone or with peers: Exploring smallholder coffee farmers’ perceptions influencing collective actions." Advancements in Agricultural Development 2, no. 2 (May 18, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37433/aad.v2i2.95.
Анотація:
This study examines how smallholder coffee farmers’ perceptions may influence their engagement in peer mobilization and collective action. Forty smallholder coffee farmers were interviewed in the Central Highlands region of Peru using a closed-ended instrument. The sample of smallholder farmers was achieved using purposive and snowball sampling methods. Quantitative data on farmers’ attitudes and aspirations regarding working with peers, autonomy, and external support as well as knowledge, skills, and behaviors pertinent to collective actions were collected and analyzed using descriptive and correlational procedures. Key findings indicate farmers perceive a need for external support, feel there are benefits of collective actions, and aspire to work with their peers. Based on the findings, it is recommended that practitioners and farmer group leaders focus training efforts on building smallholders’ knowledge and skills in mobilization, encourage peer association/collective action as a source of external support, and target knowledgeable, skilled and confident farmers to lead collective actions. This study has implications to bolster support for farmer-to-farmer extension and technical assistance systems and inform the identification of leader farmers.
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Vijayan, Bhagya, Manjeet Singh Nain, Rashmi Singh, N. V. Kumbhare, and Sujay Basappa Kademani. "Knowledge Test for Extension Personnel on Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana." Indian Journal of Extension Education 59, no. 1 (2023): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2023.59127.
Анотація:
Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana is one of the massive agriculture development pan Indian programmes unleashed by Government of India requiring collective effort in unison from different agricultural line departments. The standard operating procedures and other nitty gritties of the programme should be clear to the department personnel implementing the same for its efficient reach. The study attempted to develop a Knowledge test comprising 21 items to measure knowledge level of Extension Personnel on Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana during 2021-2022. The knowledge test was pretested on 30 extension personnel from other than the study area. The items with difficulty index ranging from 0.2 to 0.8, discrimination index above 0.1 and point biserial correlation which was significant at 5% level of significance were selected. The reliability of the test was measured by using split half method and was found to be 0.8. Eventually, 21 items were selected for the Knowledge test for extension personnel on Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana.
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Canagasingham, Ashan, Alfin Taddeo Okullo, Mike He, and Simon McCredie. "Fournier’s gangrene with retroperitoneal extension in an immunocompetent patient." BMJ Case Reports 16, no. 2 (February 2023): e250981. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2022-250981.
Анотація:
A male patient in his 80s presented with the classic signs of Fournier’s gangrene. At his initial debridement, an unusual florid involvement of the right cord was noted requiring a right inguinal orchidectomy in addition to extensive debridement. Although he subsequently stabilised in the intensive care unit, his inflammatory markers were noted to uptrend again requiring a relook procedure which revealed evidence of progressive necrosis in the right inguinal region. After further debridement, a CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis revealed intra-abdominal extension of the disease process with a retroperitoneal collection adjacent to the caecum—a rare complication of Fournier’s gangrene. This required open surgical drainage for adequate disease control. He subsequently underwent split skin grafting prior to discharge to a rehabilitation facility.
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Ho, Janet. "An earthquake or a category 4 financial storm? A corpus study of disaster metaphors in the media framing of the 2008 financial crisis." Text & Talk 39, no. 2 (March 26, 2019): 191–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/text-2019-2024.
Анотація:
Abstract This study investigates the use of disaster metaphors in the American media coverage of the 2008 global financial crisis. More specifically, it aims to examine the role of different sub-metaphors in performing various pragmatic and rhetorical functions in financial news discourse. Using the Metaphor Identification Procedure, this study identifies key words from the 1-million-word corpus which comprised the news articles published from September 15, 2008 to March 15, 2009, and examines the associated concordance lines to discern their metaphorical connotations. The findings show that a wide range of sub-source domains of disaster—namely, wind, storm, and water—metaphors was deployed by journalists to capture the various negative impacts of the financial crisis. These findings suggest that the salient extension and mixing of metaphors could enhance the popularization of specialist financial news discourse. The findings also indicate that the news media was complicit in constructing the collective illusion that the financial crisis was unavoidable and not caused by anyone.
Дисертації з теми "Extension of collective procedure":
1
Kouassi, Koffi Samir Rehmann. "L'extension d 'une procédure collective." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOUL0130.
Анотація:
L’extension d’une procédure collective est une création jurisprudentielle consacrée par la loi de sauvegarde des entreprises du 26 juillet 2005. Elle a pour objectif de reconstituer artificiellement le patrimoine séparé du débiteur. Ainsi, elle va consister à étendre la procédure collective initiale à une ou plusieurs personnes physiques ou morales. L’extension de procédure collective revêt un avantage considérable pour le débiteur dans la mesure où elle va lui offrir plus de possibilités et de moyens lui permettant de résoudre au mieux ses difficultés. De même pour le créancier qui verra le patrimoine du débiteur réuni à celui d’une tierce personne. Son fondement juridique est l’article L. 621-2 du code de commerce. Il dispose que le tribunal doit caractériser l’existence d’une confusion de patrimoine ou la fictivité avant de prononcer un jugement d’extension de procédure collective. La jurisprudence contribue grandement à l’évolution législative de l’extension de procédure collective. En dépit de la codification de cette procédure, la jurisprudence y occupe une place omniprésente. Ce rôle s’explique par le fait que le législateur laisse au juge le pouvoir d’interpréter et d’apprécier l’extension de procédure collective, sur la base de ses deux causes qui sont respectivement la confusion de patrimoine et la fictivité. Quel est donc le pouvoir d’appréciation laissé au juge ? Il s’agit de l’interprétation dont dispose ce dernier concernant l’existence de la fictivité ou de la confusion de patrimoine. Ainsi donc, pour prononcer une extension de procédure collective sur la base de la confusion de patrimoine, le juge doit nécessairement caractériser l’existence de relations financières anormales ou l’imbrication inextricable des patrimoines, à savoir celui du débiteur principal et celui ou ceux des personnes à qui il voudrait étendre la procédure collective.L’appréciation du caractère fictif de la personne morale est le cas le moins fréquent mais reste le plus complexe à déterminer. Les juges ont la lourde responsabilité de déceler la fictivité d’une personne morale et se heurtent la plupart du temps aux divers montages financiers établis dans les groupes de sociétés.Le juge n’a pas à chercher si la confusion de patrimoine entre deux personnes physiques ou morales a causé un préjudice au débiteur principal pour étendre sa procédure collective. Cet encadrement législatif laisse apparaître que les juges sont libres de prononcer l’extension de procédure collective en prenant en compte le fait qu’un contrôle rigoureux de leur décision est réalisé par la Cour de cassation. En outre, au regard des intérêts divergents du débiteur et du créancier, mais aussi en raison de l’impact des décisions d’extension de procédure collective sur la vie économique de ces deux catégorie de personnes, les décisions prononçant l’extension de procédure collective font l’objet d’un contrôle rigoureux de la part de la Cour de Cassation.Toutefois si cette procédure recèle bien des avantages, il n’en demeure pas moins, qu’au regard de sa pratique, certaines réformes pourraient permettre de l’améliorerThe extension of a collective procedure is a jurisprudential creation enshrined in the law on the protection of companies of 26 July 2005. Its objective is to artificially reconstitute the debtor's prepared assets. Thus, it will consist in extending the initial collective procedure to one or more natural or legal persons. The extension of collective proceedings is of considerable benefit to the debtor insofar as it will offer him more possibilities and means to solve his difficulties as well as possible. The same applies to the creditor who will see the debtor's assets combined with those of a third party.Its legal basis is Article L. 621-2 of the French Commercial Code. It provides that the court must characterize the existence of a Confusion of patrimony or fictitious nature before pronouncing a judgment extending collective proceedings. Case law contributes significantly to the legislative evolution of the extension of collective proceedings. Despite the codification of this procedure, case law is omnipresent. This role is explained by the fact that the legislator gives the judge the power to interpret and assess the extension of collective proceedings, on the basis of its two causes, namely confusion of assets and fictitious acts. What is the discretion left to the judge? This is the latter's interpretation of the existence of fictitious or confusing assets. Thus, therefore, in order to pronounce an extension of collective proceedings on the basis of the Confusion of Assets, the judge must necessarily characterise the existence of abnormal financial relations or the inextricable interweaving of assets, namely that of the principal debtor and that of the person or persons to whom he would like to extend the collective proceedings.The assessment of the fictitious nature of the legal person is the least frequent case but remains the most complex to determine. Judges have a heavy responsibility to detect the fictitious nature of a legal person and most often encounter the various financial arrangements established within corporate groups.The need not to look for whether the confusion of assets between two natural or legal persons has caused prejudice to the principal debtor in order to extend his collective proceedings. This legislative framework shows that judges are free to extend collective proceedings, taking into account the fact that their decision is rigorously reviewed by the Court of Cassation. In addition, in view of the divergent interests of the debtor and the creditor, but also because of the impact of decisions to extend collective proceedings on the economic life of these two categories of persons, decisions ordering the extension of collective proceedings are subject to rigorous control by the Court of Cassation.However, while there are many advantages to this procedure, the fact remains that, in terms of its practice, some reforms could improve it
2
Cao, Jun. "A Random-Linear-Extension Test Based on Classic Nonparametric Procedures." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2009. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/48271.
Анотація:
StatisticsPh.D.
Most distribution free nonparametric methods depend on the ranks or orderings of the individual observations. This dissertation develops methods for the situation when there is only partial information about the ranks available. A random-linear-extension exact test and an empirical version of the random-linear-extension test are proposed as a new way to compare groups of data with partial orders. The basic computation procedure is to generate all possible permutations constrained by the known partial order using a randomization method similar in nature to multiple imputation. This random-linear-extension test can be simply implemented using a Gibbs Sampler to generate a random sample of complete orderings. Given a complete ordering, standard nonparametric methods, such as the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, can be applied, and the corresponding test statistics and rejection regions can be calculated. As a direct result of our new method, a single p-value is replaced by a distribution of p-values. This is related to some recent work on Fuzzy P-values, which was introduced by Geyer and Meeden in Statistical Science in 2005. A special case is to compare two groups when only two objects can be compared at a time. Three matching schemes, random matching, ordered matching and reverse matching are introduced and compared between each other. The results described in this dissertation provide some surprising insights into the statistical information in partial orderings.
Temple University--Theses
3
Monteblanco, Vinces Alejandro. "The Extension of Collective Agreements Within Collective Bargaining at Company Level." Derecho & Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118932.
Анотація:
In this article, a review is conducted to the implementation of Peruvian law of collective agreements and their impact at company level. To achieve this purpose, in principle we mentioned what the Peruvian labor laws and their current application, and then compared with other Latin American visions, and finally outline a more peaceful solution considering the guidelines of the International Labour Organization labor standards and our constitutional current.En el presente artículo, se realizará una crítica a la aplicación de la legislación peruana de los convenios colectivos y sus efectos a nivel de empresa. Para alcanzar tal finalidad, en principio analizaremos lo que menciona la normativa laboral peruano y su aplicación actual, para luego compararla con otras visiones latinoamericanas, y finalmente, esbozar una solución más pacifica considerando los lineamientos de la Organización Internacional de Trabajo y nuestra normativa constitucional laboral vigente.
4
Hammouri, Hanan. "Review and Extension for the O’Brien Fleming Multiple Testing procedure." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3260.
Анотація:
O'Brien and Fleming (1979) proposed a straightforward and useful multiple testing procedure (group sequential testing procedure) for comparing two treatments in clinical trials where subject responses are dichotomous (e.g. success and failure). O'Brien and Fleming stated that their group sequential testing procedure has the same Type I error rate and power as that of a fixed one-stage chi-square test, but gives the opportunity to terminate the trial early when one treatment is clearly performing better than the other. We studied and tested the O'Brien and Fleming procedure specifically by correcting the originally proposed critical values. Furthermore, we updated the O’Brien Fleming Group Sequential Testing procedure to make it more flexible via three extensions. The first extension is combining the O’Brien Fleming Group Sequential Testing procedure with the Optimal allocation, where the idea is to allocate more patients to the better treatment after each interim analysis. The second extension is combining the O’Brien Fleming Group Sequential Testing procedure with the Neyman allocation which aims to minimize the variance of the difference in sample proportions. The last extension is that we can allow for different sample weights for different stages, as opposed to equal allocation for different stages. Simulation studies showed that the O’Brien Fleming Group Sequential Testing procedure is relatively robust to the added features.
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Di, Toro Andrea. "Registrazione e replicazione di procedure Web con una Firefox Extension." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/1866/.
Анотація:
In questo lavoro di tesi è stata sviluppata una Firefox Extension per la registrazione e la replicazione di procedure sul Web. Si tratterà a fondo l’ambiente tecnologico nel quale è stata sviluppata l’applicazione e il contesto in cui si inserisce una Firefox Extension.
Illustreremo il problema che intendiamo risolvere con la nostra estensione,il contesto applicativo in cui si inserisce e riporteremo una serie di lavori correlati che cercano, con diversi approcci, di risolvere il nostro stesso problema.
Illustreremo il lavoro trattando approfonditamente l’approccio da noi utilizzato, mostrandone i vantaggi e i limiti.
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Toyama, Miyagusuku Jorge, and Alfredo Torres. "Extension of the Collective LabourA greement and Minority Union." IUS ET VERITAS, 2018. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123211.
Анотація:
This paper is about a current Collective Labour Law matter of debate, which is the provenance of the extension of collective labour agreements of minority unions in favor of the non-unionized workers. To start, the authors point the constitutional basis of the Collective Labour Law.Likewise, they refer that exists a strong dualism regarding the acceptance of the extension of the collective agreements signed by a minority union. They arrive to this conclusion after reviewing some of the Peruvian Labour case law, as well as some administrative pronouncements on this field. Finally, they conclude saying that is possible that the collective agreement it be extended, provided that the right of union freedom is not affected.El presente trabajo versa sobre un tema de debate en la actualidad del Derecho Colectivo del Trabajo, el cual es la procedencia de la extensión de convenios colectivos de trabajo de sindicatos minoritarios a favor de trabajadores no sindicalizados. Para empezar, los autores señalan la base constitucional del Derecho Colectivo del Trabajo. Asimismo, indican que existe mucho dualismo entorno a la aceptación de la extensión de los convenios colectivos suscritos por un sindicato minoritario. Llegan a esa conclusión luego de haber revisado unos casos de la jurisprudencia laboral peruana, así como de pronunciamientos administrativos sobre el tema.Finalmente, concluyen que es factible que se extienda el convenio colectivo, siempre y cuando no se vulnere el derecho de libertad sindical.
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Bézert, Adrien. "Les effets de l'extension de la procédure collective pour confusion des patrimoines." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTD051.
Анотація:
L’extension de la procédure collective pour confusion des patrimoines permet de soumettre une pluralité de débiteurs à une unique procédure collective. Les récentes réformes ont profondément modifié la nature de ce mécanisme : longtemps perçu comme une véritable sanction, ce dernier tend de plus en plus à être utilisé comme un simple outil de restructuration, voire de protection. Ses effets autrefois redoutés sont aujourd’hui recherchés. La thèse révèle la complémentarité de ces derniers dans le traitement des situations de confusion des patrimoines et propose plusieurs solutions permettant d’assurer leur prévisibilité. Elle suggère également plusieurs pistes de réflexion permettant de mettre en adéquation les cas de recours au mécanisme à la nature particulièrement originale des effets produits par ce dernierExtending a collective insolvency procedure in the case of estate compels a number of debtors to comply with a unique collective procedure. Recent reforms have deeply modified the nature of this mechanism: for a long time perceived as a sanction, it is now used as a simple tool for restructuring, and to an extent a tool for protection. Its consequences were once dreaded, whereas now they are coveted. This thesis enhances the complementarity that exists between the latter when dealing with situations of estate confusion and offers several solutions enabling foreseeability. Furthermore, it opens up to several lines of thoughts that can correlate cases when resorting to this mechanism to the particularly original effects generated by the latter
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Gangel, David M. "The referendum impasse resolution procedure and its potential application to the education profession." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54292.
Анотація:
The purpose of this dissertation was to determine the degree of acceptance of the referendum impasse resolution procedure in education and to determine under what conditions such a procedure would be most readily accepted.
A survey research design was used. Teacher negotiation statutes of the fifty states were categorized into four strata. One representative state from each strata was selected (Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia), Specific populations were assigned representation of the major interest groups in teacher negotiations (school board chairmen, local association presidents, local superintendents, and local elected officials) and were sampled within the selected states.
lt was concluded from the principal findings that the degree of acceptance of the referendum procedure was generally greater than the acceptance of interest arbitration, the strike, or the absence of an impasse resolution procedure. The conditions which contributed to the acceptance of the procedure included: the district's labor relations environment; the district's financial dependency; the district's average teacher salary; the district's community type; and experience with, and the perceptions of, other impasse resolution procedures used in the district.
The study provided several implications for the education profession. The referendum impasse resolution procedure is a potentially viable alternative impasse procedure for education negotiation impasse. The referendum procedure is most likely to be accepted in states or localities where interest arbitration and/or the strike are commonly used.Ed. D.
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Bahry, Teseer. "Extension of radiolytic procedure to the preparation of conducting polymers in organic solvents : synthesis, characterization and applications." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS328/document.
Анотація:
Dans le présent travail, nous avons étendu aux solvants organiques notre méthodologie radiolytique de synthèse de polymères conducteurs (PCs), initialement développée en solutions aqueuses. Dans ce contexte, la polymérisation des PCs a été étudiée par radiolyse gamma dans différents solvants organiques et sous différentes conditions expérimentales. La synthèse radio-induite a, en particulier, été optimisée dans le dichlorométhane grâce à la variation et à l’ajustement de différents paramètres : atmosphère, dose, débit de dose, concentration des monomères, etc. Cette synthèse a ainsi pu mener à la préparation de différents types de polymères conducteurs : poly (3,4-éthylènedioxythiophène), poly (3-thiophène acétique acide) and Poly (3-hexylthiophène). Ces derniers ont été totalement caractérises en solutions ou après dépôt par des techniques analytiques, spectroscopiques et microscopiques complémentaires. Nous avons en particulier démontré la simplicité et la versatilité de la polymérisation radio-induite de TAA que ce soit dans le dichlorométhane ou dans l’eau, et avons mis en évidence quelques différentes notable entre ces deux voies de synthèse. Nous avons, par ailleurs, évalué l’influence de la nature des espèces radiolytiques oxydantes générées dans le dichlorométhane, via la variation de l’atmosphère de travail (N₂, air ou O₂), sur les propriétés des polymères conducteurs radio-synthétises, en particulier dans le cas de P3HT. Parmi les nombreuses propriétés physiques chimiques que nous avons sondées dans le cas de tous nos polymères conducteurs radio- synthétises les propriétés électroniques et électrochimiques ont fait l’objet d’une attention particulière. Nos matériaux ont alors été incorporés au sien de cellules solaires à pérovskite hybrides organiques-inorganique (PSCs) et y ont été utilisés comme matériaux de transport de trous (HTMs). Notre nouvelle stratégie radiolytique de synthèse décrite et étendu dans le présent manuscrit, ouvre sans aucun doute la voie à la préparation de nouveaux PCs nanostructurés, de morphologie contrôlée et aux propriétés augmentées : par exemple grâce à l’utilisation d’une polymérisation en microémulsions ou par le développement d’une copolymérisation raisonnéeThe extension of our original radiolytic methodology to the use of organic solvents was an important alternative approach to radiation-induced polymerization of conducting polymers (CPs) in aqueous solutions. The polymerization of CPs was studied by using gamma-radiolysis of several organic solvents under different environmental conditions. The optimization of the synthesis conditions of CPs was then conducted into dichloromethane solvent. After optimization of the synthesis conditions (atmosphere, dose, dose rate, concentration of organic monomers, etc.), the use of dichloromethane radiolysis was successfully employed to synthesize various types of conducting polymers: Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), Poly (3-thiophene acetic acid) (PTAA) and Poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). The radio-synthesized polymers were fully characterized in solution and after deposition by complementary analytical, spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. Also, the simplicity and versatility of radiation induced polymerization of 3-thiophene acetic acid in dichloromethane and in aqueous solutions was demonstrated. The differences between the two radiolysis routes were highlighted. Furthermore, the influence of generating different oxidizing species under different atmospheres (N₂, air or O₂) upon ɣ-irradiation of dichloromethane solutions containing organic monomers was also studied in particular in case of P3HT. The electronic and electrochemical properties were checked for all radio-synthesized CPs. Accordingly, these polymers were then incorporated in hybrid organic and inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and used as hole transport materials (HTMs). Our new radiolytic strategy described and extended in this manuscript opens the way for the preparation of new nanostructured CPs with controlled morphology and enhanced properties by using microemulsion polymerization and also for the preparation of processable conjugated materials through copolymerization
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Dos, Santos Maria Ivone. "Extension du corps, mémoire et projection : réseau d'une oeuvre et de son errance." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010552.
Анотація:
Cette thèse retrace la mémoire de nos déplacements de vie afin de voir de quelle manière ils nourrissent notre pensée pratique artistique. Du corps à l'oeuvre nous articulons, à travers nos propositions plastiques, les modes de projection de notre mémoire. Il s'agit de montrer que l' oeuvre est toujours une extension du corps et de son auteur et que celui -ci, en la produisant, cherche à en construire le sens en invitant, d'une certaine façon, le 'regardeur' à s'y projeter. La photographie analogique, empreinte lumineuse gravée sur un négatif ainsi que la technique de l'empreinte, contact physique porteur d'une trace, ont été les dispositifs utilisés pour prélever et transporter nos gestes sur d'autres situations. Articulant ces formes de toucher avec nos manipulations, nous avons réalisé plusieurs expériences. L'écriture de la thèse a illuminé le sentier de notre création pour dévoiler un réseau d'errance. Nous pouvons y voir comment ce réseau nous a permis de déceler la visibilité d'un système et la construction d'un espace mobile, capable à la fois de contenir la mémoire de notre parcours artistique et d'être le lieu d'articulation de nouveaux départs. Mettant en lumière un champ singulier, notre recherche a abouti à la mise en place d'une dynamique du double, d'un revenir en devenir du corps, toujours autre.
Книги з теми "Extension of collective procedure":
1
Bernier, Jean. L' extension juridique des conventions collectives au Québec. [Québec]: Gouvernement du Québec, Commission consultative sur le travail, 1986.
2
Danziger, Leif. Extension of labor contracts and optimal backpay. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2006.
3
Association, American Nurses, ed. The Grievance procedure. Kansas City, Mo: American Nurses' Association, 1985.
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Fairgrieve, Duncan, Eva Lein, Marta Otero Crespo, and Vincent Smith. Collective redress in Europe: Why and how? London: British Institute of International and Comparative Law, 2015.
5
Board, Alberta Labour Relations. Rules of procedure. Edmonton, Alta: Alberta Labour Relations Board, 1998.
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O'Reilly, James T. Ohio public employee collective bargaining: Law, procedure, analysis. 2nd ed. [Cincinnati, Ohio]: Anderson Pub. Co., 1992.
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Camensuli-Feuillard, Laurence. La dimension collective des procédures civiles d'exécution: Contribution à la définition de la notion de procédure collective. Paris: Dalloz, 2008.
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Finkel, Noah H. Wage & hour collective and class litigation. New York, NY: Law Journal Press, 2012.
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Weatherill, J. F. W. Labour arbitration procedure. Aurora, Ont: Canada Law Book, 1987.
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Doyle, Sean C. The grievance procedure: The heart of the collective agreement. Kingston, Ont: IRC Press, 1999.
Частини книг з теми "Extension of collective procedure":
1
Hu, Angang. "The Collective Handover Procedure." In China’s Collective Presidency, 55–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55279-3_4.
2
Bosters, Thijs. "German KapMuG Procedure." In Collective Redress and Private International Law in the EU, 27–34. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-186-9_2.
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Bosters, Thijs. "Dutch WCAM Procedure." In Collective Redress and Private International Law in the EU, 47–59. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-186-9_4.
4
Skinderowicz, Rafał. "Ant Colony System with a Restart Procedure for TSP." In Computational Collective Intelligence, 91–101. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45246-3_9.
5
Soukal, Ivan, and Aneta Bartuskova. "WINE: Web Integrated Navigation Extension; Conceptual Design, Model and Interface." In Computational Collective Intelligence, 462–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67074-4_45.
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Demertzis, Konstantinos, and Lazaros Iliadis. "SAME: An Intelligent Anti-malware Extension for Android ART Virtual Machine." In Computational Collective Intelligence, 235–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24306-1_23.
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Klaedtke, Felix. "Decision Procedure for an Extension of WS1S." In Computer Science Logic, 384–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44802-0_27.
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Jobczyk, Krystian, and Antoni Ligeza. "Multi-valued Extension of Putnam-Davis Procedure." In Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing, 454–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59060-8_41.
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Kozierkiewicz-Hetmanska, Adrianna, Aleksander Marciniak, and Marcin Pietranik. "Data Evolution Method in the Procedure of User Authentication Using Keystroke Dynamics." In Computational Collective Intelligence, 379–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45243-2_35.
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Savino, Pasquale, and Anna Tonazzini. "A Procedure for the Routinary Correction of Back-to-Front Degradations in Archival Manuscripts." In Computational Collective Intelligence, 838–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63007-2_66.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Extension of collective procedure":
1
Israel, Jonas, and Markus Brill. "Dynamic Proportional Rankings." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/37.
Анотація:
Proportional ranking rules aggregate approval-style preferences of agents into a collective ranking such that groups of agents with similar preferences are adequately represented. Motivated by the application of live Q&A platforms, where submitted questions need to be ranked based on the interests of the audience, we study a dynamic extension of the proportional rankings setting. In our setting, the goal is to maintain the proportionality of a ranking when alternatives (i.e., questions)---not necessarily from the top of the ranking---get selected sequentially. We propose generalizations of well-known aggregation rules to this setting and study their monotonicity and proportionality properties. We also evaluate the performance of these rules experimentally, using realistic probabilistic assumptions on the selection procedure.
2
Wakai, Takashi, Hideo Machida, Yasuhiro Enuma, and Tai Asayama. "Development of LBB Assessment Method for Japanese Sodium Cooled Fast Reactor (JSFR) Pipes: 1—Study on the Premise for the Standardization of Assessment Procedure." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25243.
Анотація:
This paper describes the premise for the standardization of Leak Before Break (LBB) assessment procedure applicable to Japanese Sodium cooled Fast Reactor (JSFR) pipes made of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel. For the early commercialization of the SFRs, economic competitiveness is one of the most essential requirements. Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) proposes an attractive plant concept and studies the applicability of some innovative technologies to the plant. One of the most practical means to reduce the construction costs is to reduce the total amount of structural materials. To meet the requirements, modified 9Cr-1Mo steel has attractive characteristics as a main structural material of SFRs, because the steel has both excellent thermal properties and high temperature strength. By employing the steel as the main structural material, remarkably compact plant design can be achieved. Since the ductility and toughness of the steel is relatively inferior to those of conventional austenitic stainless steels, a LBB assessment technique suitable for the pipes made of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel may be required. In addition, since the SFR pipes are mainly subjected to displacement controlled thermal loads, it is expected that fast unstable fracture is unlikely. Taking both material and structural features into account, the framework to establish a precise LBB assessment procedure for SFR pipes must be organized. For the standardization of the LBB procedure, the main investigation items were defined as follows: (1) Approval of the assessment flowchart eliminating uncertainty due to small scale leakage, e.g. self plugging phenomenon and influence of crack surface roughness on leak rate. (2) Proper selection of LBB assessment objects in JSFR. (3) Distinguishment between the matters covered by a design code and LBB, i.e. assumption of initial flaw(s). (4) Development of creep and/or fatigue crack extension assessment technique, including collection of necessary material data. (5) Development of unstable fracture assessment technique. (6) Development of leak rate evaluation technique. (7) Characterization of loads for LBB assessment. (8) Standardization of the procedure as the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME) code.
3
YUshkina, T. V. "Features and procedure for resolving collective labor disputes." In SCIENCE OF RUSSIA: TARGETS AND GOALS. ЦНК МОАН, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/sr-10-04-2020-11.
4
Williams, Brody, Xi Wang, John D. Leidel, and Yong Chen. "Collective Communication for the RISC-V xBGAS ISA Extension." In ICPP 2019: Workshops. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3339186.3339196.
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Medagoda, Lashika, Thomas Van Bruggen, Mitchell Galea, Hamish Morgan, Tajamul Syed, Abraham Kazzaz, Fraser Hamersley, and Jordan Jolly. "Stereo Image System for Inspection of Mooring Chain in the Splash Zone." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/32110-ms.
Анотація:
Abstract This paper outlines an optical stereo photogrammetric imaging system, called the Lantern Eye Air (LEA), for inspecting the mooring chain above the water in the area known as the splash zone. The system is mounted and deployed by a Rope Access Technician (RAT), and achieves data collection in this difficult to access region for subsequent 3D reconstruction and measurements for inspection. Typically, splash zone mooring chain inspections are carried out using mechanical calipers which are difficult to deploy, provide measurements at discrete locations only and are dependent on the proficiency and judgement of the operator on the field. The LEA system overcomes these problems, providing objective, accurate and repeatable measurements based on reconstructed photorealistic 3D models. Imagery of the chain links is captured systematically which was used to generate 3D reconstructions and establish measurements of bar diameter and inter-grip length. A splash zone inspection was undertaken on an offshore platform. The 3D metrology bar diameter measurements were within 1.7% of caliper measurements based on 2σ (95% confidence). Similarly, the 3D metrology inter-grip length measurements were within 0.9% of caliper measurements based on 2σ (95% confidence). Application of a systematic validation procedure following the inspection placed the expected uncertainty of measurements at the 1% range. Similarly, the uncertainty in caliper measurements has been estimated to be 2% based on the use of a standard handheld caliper and measurement procedure laid out in the ABS Guide for the Certification of Offshore Mooring Chain and the 2020 Life Extension Mooring Platform Chain Inspection. Considering these uncertainty bounds, the 3D metrology measurements can also be deemed consistent with the ground truth dimensions. Based on the results, the LEA and 3D metrology measurements are consistent with current techniques and provide a more systematic and repeatable basis for mooring chain inspection and measurement in the splash zone. This is anticipated to improve the consistency and comparability of inspections and will enable precise change tracking between inspections.
6
Feng, Jun, Yu Chen, Douglas Summerville, and Zhou Su. "An extension of RDP code with parallel decoding procedure." In 2012 IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccnc.2012.6181076.
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Martinez, Luis Lopez. "Fatigue Life Extension Procedure for Offshore Structures by Ultrasonic Peening." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/20368-ms.
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Perić, Renata, and Emina Jerković. "THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON TAX ADMINISTRATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA." In EU 2021 – The future of the EU in and after the pandemic. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18346.
Анотація:
The crisis and special measures caused by the Covid-19 virus pandemic have greatly disrupted the business and survival of small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as larger industries. The state and its institutions were forced to take certain measures to facilitate the survival and continuation of business, and to save jobs for entrepreneurs and their employees. The Tax Administration is a state institution whose measures directly affect every business. So it was among the first to take some measures, i.e. to adjust its business and tax collection to the new situation. This paper discusses the first measures introduced, those from March and April 2020. It discusses the deferral or installment payment of due and deferred tax liabilities. The measure of deferral, installment payment of tax liability, is certainly the most important and most popular measure among taxpayers. It is explained how tax measures during a pandemic should look according to the recommendations of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). We explain other measures that have been introduced to facilitate business. These are the extension of the deadline for filing income tax, the exemption from VAT, the enforcement procedure and the payment of the annual tax rate. Despite the measures taken so far, it is important to emphasize that the Covid-19 pandemic is still ongoing, and that according to some experts, a real crisis with visible consequences of the pandemic is still to be expected. Accordingly, it is to be expected that the current measures are very likely to be further changed, upgraded and adjusted as the situation changes. We consider it important to note that the framework of this paper does not allow a detailed analysis and that we are forced to limit ourselves exclusively to some aspects of the issue at hand.
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Sturdivant, Maggie, and Earl Carnes. "Principles for Procedure System Management." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/sera-24007.
Анотація:
Abstract This paper provides a preview of a DOE Technical Standard “Principles for Procedure System Management” due to be released in the fall of 2001. Procedures are identified as causal factors in accidents, operating events, and lessons learned within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), the commercial nuclear industry, and other complex industries. While literature exists regarding the control, production, and use of procedures, DOE has not provided guidance on the collective elements and attributes of an effective procedure system. This paper describes a set of design control features that can systematically improve development and maintenance of procedures.
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Fjeldstad, Arne, Torfinn Hørte, Gudfinnur Sigurdsson, Anders Wormsen, Espen Berg, Kenneth Alasdair Macdonald, and Lorents Reinås. "Fatigue Life Extension Procedure for Subsea Wells Based on Pressure Testing." In ASME 2021 40th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2021-63003.
Анотація:
Abstract This article presents a fatigue life extension procedure for subsea wells based on fracture mechanics. It makes use of the outcome of an internal pressure test to determine a safe period for drilling and completion. The pressure test is used as a load test and can only reveal deep fatigue cracks. The safe operational period is estimated as the number of cycles required to grow a fatigue crack from the largest fatigue crack that remains stable after the pressure test until it becomes unstable due to an accidental load. The procedure takes into account the probability of the presence of the fatigue crack that can be revealed by the pressure test. This is used to determine design fatigue factors for the procedure. The design fatigue factor is formulated in terms of the (S-N based) accumulated fatigue damage for historical operations. The procedure is illustrated with two case examples (fatigue hot spots) for illustrating the procedure in more detail: wellhead extension girth weld and wellhead profile. Conditions for use are given at the end of the article.
Звіти організацій з теми "Extension of collective procedure":
1
Horrocks, Ian, and Ulrike Sattler. Decidability of SHIQ with Complex Role Inclusion Axioms. Technische Universität Dresden, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.124.
Анотація:
Motivated by medical terminology applications, we investigate the decidability of an expressive and prominent DL, SHIQ, extended with role inclusion axioms of the form RoS⊑T. It is well-known that a naive such extension leads to undecidability, and thus we restrict our attention to axioms of the form RoS⊑R or SoR⊑R, which is the most important form of axioms in the applications that motivated this extension. Surprisingly, this extension is still undecidable. However, it turns out that restricting our attention further to acyclic sets of such axioms, we regain decidability. We present a tableau-based decision procedure for this DL and report on its implementation, which behaves well in practise and provides important additional functionality in a medical terminology application.
2
Kriegel, Francesco. Terminological knowledge aquisition in probalistic description logic. Technische Universität Dresden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.239.
Анотація:
For a probabilistic extension of the description logic EL⊥, we consider the task of automatic acquisition of terminological knowledge from a given probabilistic interpretation. Basically, such a probabilistic interpretation is a family of directed graphs the vertices and edges of which are labeled, and where a discrete probabilitymeasure on this graph family is present. The goal is to derive so-called concept inclusions which are expressible in the considered probabilistic description logic and which hold true in the given probabilistic interpretation. A procedure for an appropriate axiomatization of such graph families is proposed and its soundness and completeness is justified.
3
Grumet, R., J. Burger, Y. Tadmor, A. Gur, C. Barry, A. Schäffer, and M. Petreikov. Cucumis fruit surface biology: Genetic analysis of fruit exocarp features in melon (C. melo) and cucumber (C. sativus). Israel: United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2020.8134155.bard.
Анотація:
The fruit surface (exocarp) is a unique tissue with multiple roles influencing fruit growth and development, disease susceptibility, crop yield, post-harvest treatments, shipping and storage quality, and food safety. Furthermore, highly visible exocarp traits are the consumer's first exposure to the fruit, serving to identify fruit type, variety, attractiveness, and market value. Cucurbit fruit, including the closely related Cucumis species, melon (C. melo) and cucumber (C. sativus), exhibit tremendous diversity for fruit surface properties that are not present in model species. In this project, we identified genetic factors influencing Cucumis fruit surface morphology with respect to important quality determinants such as exocarp and flesh color, cuticle deposition, and surface netting. We employed a combination of approaches including: genome-wide association studies (GWAS) utilizing an extensive melon population and the U.S. Plant Introduction (PI) collection for cucumber to identify genomic regions associated with natural variation in fruit surface traits; bulked segregant RNA-seq (BSR-seq) analysis of bi-parental F2:3 or RIL (recombinant inbred line) populations to genomic regions and candidate genes segregating for fruit surface traits; and comparison of syntenic genomic regions and identification of homologous candidate genes. Candidate genes were examined for sequence and/or expression differences during fruit development that correspond with phenotypic differences. Primary outcomes of the work included identification of candidate genes influencing cuticle deposition, epidermal cell structure, surface netting, and intensity of rind and flesh color. Parallel studies identified mutations within the cucumber and melon homologs of the transcription factor WIN1 (WAX INDUCER1) as a significant factor influencing these surface properties. Additional QTL (quantitative trait loci) were identified in both species, and candidate genes in melon include a novel beta-glucosidase involved in lignin production and an integral membrane protein potentially involved in cuticle metabolism. Genetic resources and biochemical approaches have been developed to study cuticle and wax deposition in both species: segregating populations of melon were developed and sequenced for bulked segregant analysis and samples collected for metabolic analysis; an isolation procedure was developed for lipid droplets from cucumber peel and metabolomic analyses have been initiated. Genetic studies in melon identified mutations in a candidate gene (APRR2), associated with light immature rind, and further indicated that this gene is also associated with color intensity of both mature rinds and flesh, making it a good target for breeding. GWAS studies utilizing the cucumber core diversity population are being performed to identify additional sources of variation for fruit surface properties, map QTL, and examine for synteny with melon. Collectively these studies identified genetic regions associated with important quality traits and contributed to our understanding of underlying biological processes associated with fruit surface development. Knowledge of genetic control of these characteristics can facilitate more efficient breeding for important fruit surface traits.
4
Muxo, Robert, Kevin Whelan, Raul Urgelles, Joaquin Alonso, Judd Patterson, and Andrea Atkinson. Biscayne National Park colonial nesting birds monitoring protocol—Version 1.1. National Park Service, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2290141.
Анотація:
Breeding colonies of wading birds (orders Ciconiiformes, Pelecaniformes) and seabirds (orders Suliformes, Pelecaniformes) serve as important indicators of aquatic ecosystem health, as they respond to changes in food abundance and quality, contaminants, invasive species, and disturbance. The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan, Restoration Coordination & Verification program (CERP-RECOVER) has identified wading-bird colonies as an important ecosystem restoration indicator. The National Park Service South Florida/Caribbean Inventory & Monitoring Network (SFCN) ranked colonial nesting birds eighth out of 44 vital signs of park natural resource conditions for ecological significance and feasibility. However, while large-scale monitoring efforts are occurring in the rest of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem, only minimal historic data collection and no extensive ongoing monitoring of wading bird and seabird nesting have occurred in Biscayne National Park. Consequently, due to their high importance as biological indicators and because they are a gap occurring in regional monitoring efforts, the network has initiated a monitoring program of colonial nesting birds in Biscayne National Park. This protocol provides the rationale, approach, and detailed Standard Operating Procedures for annual colonial bird monitoring within and close to Biscayne National Park and conforms to the Oakley et al. (2003) guidelines for National Park Service long-term monitoring protocols. The specific objectives of this monitoring program are to determine status and long-term trends in: Numbers and locations of active colonies of colonial nesting birds with a special focus on Double-crested Cormorants, Great Egrets, Great White Herons, Great Blue Herons, White Ibises, and Roseate Spoonbills. Annual peak active nest counts of colonial nesting birds in Biscayne National Park with a special focus on the species mentioned above. An annual nesting index (i.e., sum of monthly nest counts) with a special focus on the species mentioned above. Timing of peak nest counts for the focal species.
5
Lutz, Carsten. Adding Numbers to the SHIQ Description Logic - First Results. Aachen University of Technology, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.117.
Анотація:
Recently, the Description Logic (DL) SHIQ has found a large number of applications. This success is due to the fact that SHIQ combines a rich expressivity with efficient reasoning, as is demonstrated by its implementation in DL systems such as FaCT and RACER. One weakness of SHIQ, however, limits its usability in several application areas: numerical knowledge such as knowledge about the age, weight, or temperature of real-world entities cannot be adequately represented. In this paper, we propose an extension of SHIQ that aims at closing this gap. The new Description Logic Q-SHIQ, which augments SHIQ by additional, 'concrete domain' style concept constructors, allows to refer to rational numbers in concept descriptions, and also to define concepts based on the comparison of numbers via predicates such as < or =. We argue that this kind of expressivity is needed in many application areas such as reasoning about the semantic web. We prove reasoning with Q-SHIQ to be EXPTIME-complete (thus not harder than reasoning with SHIQ) by devising an automata-based decision procedure.
6
Flandin, Simon, Germain Poizat, and Romuald Perinet. Proactivité et réactivité: deux orientations pour concevoir des dispositifs visant le développement de la sécurité industrielle par la formation. Fondation pour une culture de sécurité industrielle, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.57071/948rpn.
Анотація:
In a world exposed to uncertainty and upsets, the development of organizational resilience is often proposed to improve performance. Intended as a complement – but also sometimes as a counterpoint – to management approaches based on anticipation and preparedness, resilience-based approaches aim to improve the ability of professionals to react in an opportune manner to extraordinary and unexpected situations. Despite increasing interest for this change in paradigm, few concrete case studies have been documented. The work presented in this document explores the possibilities offered by new training modalities, for and using resilience, which aim to improve the ability of professionals to produce safety in work situations. The work is part of a research project called FOResilience, led by Simon Flandin and Germain Poizat at the University of Geneva, which was partially funded by the FonCSI. Three characteristics of the authors’ approach are worth emphasizing: - They adopt a broad definition of “training”, which includes professional development activities and organizational interventions, with a particular interest for methods that differ from classical classroom-based training, such as crisis exercises, discussion forums, coaching, and collective analysis of work situations. - They are more interested in activities and methods that develop professionals’ ability to interpret ambiguous situations and to act and cooperate in unexpected or critical situations, than in activities that promote a quasi-mechanical execution of a procedure or deployment of a pre-established plan. - They see safety as resulting as much from the daily work activities that develop professionals’ ability to act in appropriate ways in a constantly evolving context, as from the initial safe system design and careful implementation of operating procedures that cover all possible situations. Two families of training/intervention methods are analyzed: - Methods that develop proactivity in routine situations, the daily activities that create conditions which are favourable to safe operations. These include different forms of discussion between professionals that aim to improve the shared understanding of goal conflicts, of the decisions and compromises made, the difficulties encountered (such as procedures that are inappropriate in certain situations) and improvement opportunities. - Methods that encourage reactivity in extraordinary or critical situations and the ability to bounce back after a critical organizational upset. These include various simulation-based methods, such as crisis exercises, though designed to improve the ability of professionals to make sense of and react in appropriate ways to unexpected events, rather than the classical objective of exercises to check correct execution of a predefined plan.
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Rankin, Nicole, Deborah McGregor, Candice Donnelly, Bethany Van Dort, Richard De Abreu Lourenco, Anne Cust, and Emily Stone. Lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography for high risk populations: Investigating effectiveness and screening program implementation considerations: An Evidence Check rapid review brokered by the Sax Institute (www.saxinstitute.org.au) for the Cancer Institute NSW. The Sax Institute, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/clzt5093.
Анотація:
Background Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer death worldwide.(1) It is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia (12,741 cases diagnosed in 2018) and the leading cause of cancer death.(2) The number of years of potential life lost to lung cancer in Australia is estimated to be 58,450, similar to that of colorectal and breast cancer combined.(3) While tobacco control strategies are most effective for disease prevention in the general population, early detection via low dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening in high-risk populations is a viable option for detecting asymptomatic disease in current (13%) and former (24%) Australian smokers.(4) The purpose of this Evidence Check review is to identify and analyse existing and emerging evidence for LDCT lung cancer screening in high-risk individuals to guide future program and policy planning. Evidence Check questions This review aimed to address the following questions: 1. What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 2. What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 3. What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? 4. What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Summary of methods The authors searched the peer-reviewed literature across three databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase) for existing systematic reviews and original studies published between 1 January 2009 and 8 August 2019. Fifteen systematic reviews (of which 8 were contemporary) and 64 original publications met the inclusion criteria set across the four questions. Key findings Question 1: What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? There is sufficient evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of combined (pooled) data from screening trials (of high-risk individuals) to indicate that LDCT examination is clinically effective in reducing lung cancer mortality. In 2011, the landmark National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST, a large-scale randomised controlled trial [RCT] conducted in the US) reported a 20% (95% CI 6.8% – 26.7%; P=0.004) relative reduction in mortality among long-term heavy smokers over three rounds of annual screening. High-risk eligibility criteria was defined as people aged 55–74 years with a smoking history of ≥30 pack-years (years in which a smoker has consumed 20-plus cigarettes each day) and, for former smokers, ≥30 pack-years and have quit within the past 15 years.(5) All-cause mortality was reduced by 6.7% (95% CI, 1.2% – 13.6%; P=0.02). Initial data from the second landmark RCT, the NEderlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings ONderzoek (known as the NELSON trial), have found an even greater reduction of 26% (95% CI, 9% – 41%) in lung cancer mortality, with full trial results yet to be published.(6, 7) Pooled analyses, including several smaller-scale European LDCT screening trials insufficiently powered in their own right, collectively demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in lung cancer mortality (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73–0.91).(8) Despite the reduction in all-cause mortality found in the NLST, pooled analyses of seven trials found no statistically significant difference in all-cause mortality (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90–1.00).(8) However, cancer-specific mortality is currently the most relevant outcome in cancer screening trials. These seven trials demonstrated a significantly greater proportion of early stage cancers in LDCT groups compared with controls (RR 2.08, 95% CI 1.43–3.03). Thus, when considering results across mortality outcomes and early stage cancers diagnosed, LDCT screening is considered to be clinically effective. Question 2: What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? The harms of LDCT lung cancer screening include false positive tests and the consequences of unnecessary invasive follow-up procedures for conditions that are eventually diagnosed as benign. While LDCT screening leads to an increased frequency of invasive procedures, it does not result in greater mortality soon after an invasive procedure (in trial settings when compared with the control arm).(8) Overdiagnosis, exposure to radiation, psychological distress and an impact on quality of life are other known harms. Systematic review evidence indicates the benefits of LDCT screening are likely to outweigh the harms. The potential harms are likely to be reduced as refinements are made to LDCT screening protocols through: i) the application of risk predication models (e.g. the PLCOm2012), which enable a more accurate selection of the high-risk population through the use of specific criteria (beyond age and smoking history); ii) the use of nodule management algorithms (e.g. Lung-RADS, PanCan), which assist in the diagnostic evaluation of screen-detected nodules and cancers (e.g. more precise volumetric assessment of nodules); and, iii) more judicious selection of patients for invasive procedures. Recent evidence suggests a positive LDCT result may transiently increase psychological distress but does not have long-term adverse effects on psychological distress or health-related quality of life (HRQoL). With regards to smoking cessation, there is no evidence to suggest screening participation invokes a false sense of assurance in smokers, nor a reduction in motivation to quit. The NELSON and Danish trials found no difference in smoking cessation rates between LDCT screening and control groups. Higher net cessation rates, compared with general population, suggest those who participate in screening trials may already be motivated to quit. Question 3: What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? There are no systematic reviews that capture the main components of recent major lung cancer screening trials and programs. We extracted evidence from original studies and clinical guidance documents and organised this into key groups to form a concise set of components for potential implementation of a national lung cancer screening program in Australia: 1. Identifying the high-risk population: recruitment, eligibility, selection and referral 2. Educating the public, people at high risk and healthcare providers; this includes creating awareness of lung cancer, the benefits and harms of LDCT screening, and shared decision-making 3. Components necessary for health services to deliver a screening program: a. Planning phase: e.g. human resources to coordinate the program, electronic data systems that integrate medical records information and link to an established national registry b. Implementation phase: e.g. human and technological resources required to conduct LDCT examinations, interpretation of reports and communication of results to participants c. Monitoring and evaluation phase: e.g. monitoring outcomes across patients, radiological reporting, compliance with established standards and a quality assurance program 4. Data reporting and research, e.g. audit and feedback to multidisciplinary teams, reporting outcomes to enhance international research into LDCT screening 5. Incorporation of smoking cessation interventions, e.g. specific programs designed for LDCT screening or referral to existing community or hospital-based services that deliver cessation interventions. Most original studies are single-institution evaluations that contain descriptive data about the processes required to establish and implement a high-risk population-based screening program. Across all studies there is a consistent message as to the challenges and complexities of establishing LDCT screening programs to attract people at high risk who will receive the greatest benefits from participation. With regards to smoking cessation, evidence from one systematic review indicates the optimal strategy for incorporating smoking cessation interventions into a LDCT screening program is unclear. There is widespread agreement that LDCT screening attendance presents a ‘teachable moment’ for cessation advice, especially among those people who receive a positive scan result. Smoking cessation is an area of significant research investment; for instance, eight US-based clinical trials are now underway that aim to address how best to design and deliver cessation programs within large-scale LDCT screening programs.(9) Question 4: What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Assessing the value or cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening involves a complex interplay of factors including data on effectiveness and costs, and institutional context. A key input is data about the effectiveness of potential and current screening programs with respect to case detection, and the likely outcomes of treating those cases sooner (in the presence of LDCT screening) as opposed to later (in the absence of LDCT screening). Evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening programs has been summarised in two systematic reviews. We identified a further 13 studies—five modelling studies, one discrete choice experiment and seven articles—that used a variety of methods to assess cost-effectiveness. Three modelling studies indicated LDCT screening was cost-effective in the settings of the US and Europe. Two studies—one from Australia and one from New Zealand—reported LDCT screening would not be cost-effective using NLST-like protocols. We anticipate that, following the full publication of the NELSON trial, cost-effectiveness studies will likely be updated with new data that reduce uncertainty about factors that influence modelling outcomes, including the findings of indeterminate nodules. Gaps in the evidence There is a large and accessible body of evidence as to the effectiveness (Q1) and harms (Q2) of LDCT screening for lung cancer. Nevertheless, there are significant gaps in the evidence about the program components that are required to implement an effective LDCT screening program (Q3). Questions about LDCT screening acceptability and feasibility were not explicitly included in the scope. However, as the evidence is based primarily on US programs and UK pilot studies, the relevance to the local setting requires careful consideration. The Queensland Lung Cancer Screening Study provides feasibility data about clinical aspects of LDCT screening but little about program design. The International Lung Screening Trial is still in the recruitment phase and findings are not yet available for inclusion in this Evidence Check. The Australian Population Based Screening Framework was developed to “inform decision-makers on the key issues to be considered when assessing potential screening programs in Australia”.(10) As the Framework is specific to population-based, rather than high-risk, screening programs, there is a lack of clarity about transferability of criteria. However, the Framework criteria do stipulate that a screening program must be acceptable to “important subgroups such as target participants who are from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, people from disadvantaged groups and people with a disability”.(10) An extensive search of the literature highlighted that there is very little information about the acceptability of LDCT screening to these population groups in Australia. Yet they are part of the high-risk population.(10) There are also considerable gaps in the evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening in different settings, including Australia. The evidence base in this area is rapidly evolving and is likely to include new data from the NELSON trial and incorporate data about the costs of targeted- and immuno-therapies as these treatments become more widely available in Australia.